Talk about sending coal to New Castle! American milliners are now exporting their goods to Paris. It is estimated that the cost ot ciime in the United States amounts to per capita of the population annually. Insurance actuaries agree that the expectancy of life is on the increase. Of course, the next move will be to make the people pay for it. Uncle Sam has certainly "spread tome" when 20,000 miles is the saort ist route by which he can tow a dry dock from one of his island ports to another. The dirigible balloon has been in vented by a Brazilian living in France. Now what benefactor of the race will invent an automobile which will al ways be safely and securely dirigible? A San Francisco- doctor has been honored by the French Academy of Medicine for the discovery of a new disease. This is wrong. Doctors who discover new diseases should not be encouraged. There are enough dis eases now. The Memphis Commercial-Appeal says that to solve the servant girl problem domestic service must be made more attractive. It must be elevated. The foolish prejudice that debases it should be destroyed. The gulf between mistress and maid must be closed or bridged. The Boston Herald remarks that th:re never was a time when the na tion was so actively engaged in carry ing out the earnest counsel of Wash iugtc n in the Farewell address: "Pro mote, then, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the gener al diffusion of knowledge." The bubonic plague is the most stub born of epidemics. It seems to be aln.ost impossible to exterminate this Black Death even with the utmost efforts of the ablest doctors. The dread of cholera and yellow fever has been much lessened in recent years, and the medical profession has fought valiantly and victoriously against many an in fection and many a contagion. But this plague can not be annihilated as yet. Fortunately in these days it is not a grave menace to the great cap itals of the world. But it is still a dread spectre in filthy quarters of cities, both ot the Orient and the Occi dent. in which the conditions of clean and wholesome living are neglected It is an encouraging sign for the health of the modern American that the popularity of outdoor life in the United States seems to be increasing. The number and variety of sports and pastimes which allure to open air exertion has grown greatly. Not very many years have elapsed since the time when tennis and foot ball were unusual and golf and the bicycle were almost unknown. Yet the influence of these and other sports has been so strong in recent years that open-air life has come to be enjoyed for its own sake and apart from the amuse ments associated with it. It is a mis take to suppose that the pleasures of outdoor life are especial privileges of youth or of any given type of sum mer amusement seeker. The immense advantages they confer should be rhared by all alike. In the present state of our society development they ere among the richest of the blessings within the reach of the people. Forty years ago S7 percent of the total amount of broad silk in the United States was imported; today the condition is reversed and, accord ing to the latest official figures, 13 percent only is imported. Today the United States is the greatest silk pro ducing country in the world, and it was less than two centuries ago that the industry was first dreamed of here. The quality is being steadily improved so that it promises to com pare before many years with that of French manufacture. Italy stil pro duces the most beautiful fabrics, and because of the perfection attained must always he drawn on for the heavy satin damasks and other rich cloths. When the attempt was first made in this country to manufacture silk, only sewing-silks, handkerchiefs and the like y/ere made. It is esti mated now that one-third of the do mestic output is ribbons, next in order come broad or web goods—as the material for dresses is called — silk thread, hand and machine twist, knitting, crochet, embroidery, art Bilks, and so on. The domestic man ufacturers stand first in that branch of the business which includes the !hreß.ds, and the exportations increase yearly, while there are no Importa tions. The situation is one or entire com fort and mutual dignity. The United States has the goods and Europe has Lne price. (Vith many millionaires it is not so much a question of how to give away their money as it is how to prevent other people from gobbling it. The study of fencing by women la on the increase. A strong and supple wrist is likely to come in handy when domestic discipline requires the switching of a small boy. It must be admitted that there are some traces of permanent tenure in the American consular service when cne of its officers vacates by death a post he has held since 1848. A London paper described a chil dren's excursion as a "Jong, white scream of joy," and was called to ac count by a correspondent, who said that a scream could be long, but not white. Whereupon the editor jtisti-' lied himself by urging that "a hue is often associated with a cry." The suggestion that a monument j to Napoleon Bonaparte be erected in St. Louis because it was through him ; that the United States came into j possession of the Louisiana territory ] is denounced as grotesque by western j newspapers. The suggestion was j publicly made by one of the vice- j presidents of the St. Louis exposition, j The United States is the greatest ; food-producing country of the world, j Although this country represents but ! one-fifth of the total civilized popula- j tion of the world, it produces more j than one-fourth of all foodstuffs. The United States produces 74.000,000 tons I of grain of a total of 229,000.000, and 4,500,000 tons of meat of a total of 15,- ' 200,000 tons. The Americans also pro- j duce a large percentage of the dairy | and fishery production of the world. There is talK of the establishment 04 a women's college of matrimony to be located in Cheisea, England, where the duties of a wife will become the sub ject of a two-year course of study. The curriculum will embrace not only the usual branches of housewifery, such as cooking, serving and laundry work, but is intended to deal with physiol ogy and medicine as well, so that the students will receive mental discipline in connection with the manual train ing. If oil, and plenty of It. may be deemed a boom and a blessing, the first year of the twentieth century starts out most auspiciously. The wonderful gushers in Texas are con temporaneous with new discoveries in Russia which promise to rival in copious output the great Baku wells on the shore of the Caspian sea. It is noted, however, thta the Texas oil, like the Russian oil, is not of the first quality for illuminating pur poses. It will be mainly used as a fuel. It will interest other people beside the register-general of Great Britain to know that of 3143 widows who since the beginning of the South Afri can war have ben pensioned from the royal patriotic fund, 92 have already remarried. These are certainly curi ous figures, and if other widows re married the spinster's chance of a husband would be reduced almost to vanishing point. No doubt the patri otic fund possesses the full details of these cases, and it is to be hoped that commissioners will supply them. Mulhall places the average ago at which widows remarry in England at 39, but in all probability what may be termed war widows are very much younger, and their chances in the matrimonial market for this and other obvious reasons are being en hanced. The weekly house-to-house delivery system of books from the public libra ry, established in Springfield, Mass., a few months ago, is proving a success in the district in which it has been tried. The operating agreement is to be renewed this fall, and if the plan continues to be popular in this district it will be extended to other sections of the city. Of the 150 persons re ceiving books in this way, more than one-half had never before made any use of the city library. It has been found necessary to raise the price of the delivery somewhat, and a choice is given of paying 50 cents for 3ix weeks of the service, $1 for 12 weeks, or $3 for 36 weeks. This is less than the cost of street-car fare to and from the library once a week. It must be remembered, too, that the unit of the system is the house and the in dividual, and that any number of per sons in one family who are entitled to hold cards can have a book apiece for the expense of one delivery r BELZIE, iTWASHOE CANARY. \ J The Subterranean Siren of Steamboat Springs. £ < P BT JOHN HAROLD HAMLIN Belzie was a good mule—yet he had seen better days—and in view of the fact that his ribs were protruding in a truly remarkable style, and that his labors had been unusxially steady and entirely creditable, it was deemed ad visable 10 siaia mm a uoiictuv. inev<>- fore Belzie's driver, Tim Murdock, led him out of the great Sutro Tunnel and where he cast oa' the halter and turned accouip. Jiieu lluu 10 a ma-lop, Belzie adrift. Belzie blinked his brown eves. The bright, hot sunlight cazzled his vision ary organs. Four years under gror r< is conducive to blindness, and Belzie had pulled ore cars in the drifts of the deep Con.stock mines, and trotted to and fro through the Sutro Tunnel fully that length of time. So Belzie blinked his eyes and gazed about him in a dumfounded manner. He didn't know whether to be pleased with his unusual lreeuuin ai t:.e tu«a 01 ex isting in f-tch a i<vHl-->v.< pfmosnherr>. Perhaps Belzie remained on that par ticular ■ IKUI , .s longer. It is certain, however, that as soon as the sun dropped behind the crest of bald old Mt. Davidson, the mule seemed relieved; he grew quite sportive by the time night's sable pall fell upon the dreary landscape. Thus did the overworked mule's vacation begin; the days slipped by, and ere long the bony, long-eared, solemn looking Beelzebub became a familiar object as he roamed about the Vir ginia hills. Strange things will happen, and it became apparent that this visible ribbed donkey was thriving on his sage brush diet. His master noted the fact, and decided to terminate Belzie's fur lough. Mules were none too plentiful just then; work was pressing, and, take it all around. Belzie could ill be spared, especially since he no longer cut the same figure as did the rack of bones that emerged from Sutro Tun nel four weeks previous. So Tim Mur dock was detailed to round-up the re juvenated Beelzebub. His accustomed haunts were searched, no brown mule with the peculiar markings of Belzie could be discovered. Inquiries were made, but no one remembered seeing him within the last week. Finally the stage driver informed Tim that he "seen a mule ambling down Geiger Grade, pretty close to Steamboat Springs, day before yesterday." This seemed a self-evident clew, and Tim got an extra day off. mounted a spare mule, and struck out in pursuit of the wandering Belzie. Steamboat is noted for its hot springs, geysers and the altogether ex traordinary formations in and about that locality. These springs are a favorite resort for natural scientists, and offer a splendid fieiu to the re searches of geologists. There happened to be a particularly zealous professor sojourning at Steam boat about the same time Belzie was rustling for a new growth of bone and muscle. Two prospecto; s, firmly be lieving they had struck a "bonanza," were extending an old tunnel in a hill side, about half a mile from the lv.aiu springs and geysers of Steamboat. Unite a friendship sprung up between the young professor and these two miners. The three made frequent ex peditions, bent on investigating the wonders of hot springs, surmising rauses and effects of internal heat, and the prospectors listened in utter fasci nation to the theories propounded by Professor Mellins. One sultry night a heavy earthquake 6hook up a goodly portion of western Nevada and California. It played odd tricks in and about Steamboat Springs. The main geyser went dry. When Professor Mellins discovered this fact, his rapture knew no bounds. He recorded voluminous notes on the natural phenomenon, and began the preparation of exhaustive lectures for future classes to digest. While busily engaged in jotting down notes, and gazing into the cavernous dry vent of the erstwhile geyser, the two prospec tors hove in sight. They were breath less, tired, yet gasped on" a voluble and excited description of an unprece dented freak of nature that had taken place on the site of their tunnel. So incoherent was the account given by the two men that it was with difficulty they were understood; but Professor Mellins comprehended at once that something stranger still than the mere disappearance of the spring had fol lowed in the wake of the trembler. "By the trumpeting elements, boys, this is great!" Professor Mellins forci bly expressed himself by using his favorite term, as he beheld a long ir regular fissure beginning a few yards from the mouth of the tunnel and run ning directly into it, extending as far as the eye could penetrate the gloom. Puffing jets of steam arose in thin :louds. converting the prospectors' tun nel into a veritable steam retort. "As suredly the subterranean force that ejected the water in the main spr ng has found a new outlet here," said Pro fessor Mellins. "But, professor, that ain't the phe nom what amazes us. Just you listen to the infernal racket!" Even as the miner spoke a decided rumbling resounded within the tunnel; It grated on the ears and appeared to emanate from the very bowels of the earth. The turee men were silent; the mysterious workings of nature's un seen and powerful forces atmaJloH them. Another cloud of steam spurted up; another grinding roar; it rever- I berated in a jerky, hollow manner, I then dwindled away to an almost m«- tallic gurgle. The miners' bronzed faces turned a shade paler. "Boys, this is wonderful, wonderful! If Dr. Endlin were only here! Trum peting elements! I have it. I'll tele phone him. He can not afford to miss the opportunity of beholding this odd spectacle." Impulsive Professor Mel lins let his enthusiasm have full sway; and with the final rumbling sound echoing in his ears, he dased madly down the hill to the hotel. His impatience and anxiety caused him to speak harshly to the "hello" girls, and by the time he got San Francisco his mind was turbulent. Nevertheless telephone facilities in the Far West eventually bring about the desired connections, and Professor Mellins's heart beat rapturously as he recognized Dr. Endlin's voice over the wire. "Yes. this is I, Mellins; am at Steam boat Springs, Nev. Big earthquake here last night. Springs went dry, but cracked other big fissures in earth's surface. Subterranean rumblings plainly audible. Come up at once; bring Professors Smith and Landers. Wonderful, I tell you—it's wonderful. Hurry!" Dr. Endlin, the noted geologist, placed a dea* of confidence in Pro lessor Mellins, and as lie had felt the earthquake in San Francisco, he thought the professor certainly had due reason for his graphic phone mes sage. "All right., Mellins, we'll be up in the morryng. ' "Greatest recent phenomenon, doc tor. I guarantee you." "Thank you. professor; will be glad to investigate it. See you in the morn ing. Gooaby." "Goodby." Professor Mellins paced nervously between the dry basin of the late Queen of the Springs and that fresh crevice at the tunnel. He heard with satisfaction the irregularly repeated rumbles, denoting unparalleled interior disturbances. Hours will sUp by, no matter how tedious the minutes hang. Dr. Endlin, with Professors Smith and Landers and a couple of newspaper reporters, alighted the following morning from the bright yellow "V. & T." coaches. Professor Mellins greeted them with delight, his ruddy face beaming as only a nu;n's can who has played the stellar part in a commendable act. Time was a valuable item to these scientists, and. directly after a light lunch, the party sallied forth to inves tigate the outbursts of Dame Nature. Professor Mellins piloted them to the gaping hole where the madly boiling waters were so suddenly and complete ly ingnlfed. This ostensible fact duly impressed the learned men. and they examined everything in a practiced and professional manner. "But we fail to hear the internal ex plosions. Professor Mellins." "Ah, that you soon will. Dr. Endlin; pray accompany me up this hill, and I will conduct you to the spot." Now, various reports had spread rapidly and over a wide field in regard to this shaking up of the earth at Steamboat Springs. Accounts varied from a faint rumor describing a dried up spring to the disappearance of the whole Steamboat station. It depended, of course, on the number of times the tale had been repeated. Curiosity got the better of a number of these good people, consequently the scientists be held at least a score of men and women persistently following in their wake. The fissure still zigzagged into the tunnel; hot, vapory clouds hung over the crevice; but the activity of the steam-jets could not be compared with those of the preceding day. Professor Mellins looked slightly crestfallen. The two prospectors, not having a reputa tion at stake, took a cheerier view of things. Besides, they were not ex cruciatingly eager to have their bo nanza tunnel forever filled with steam and uncanny noises echoing through it. Therefore, after a few minutes spent in silently and fruitlessly en deavoring to catch a subterranean crash, one of the prospectors inter ceded with: "Well. Doc, this here phe nomenon kinder goes by fits and starts, and it 'pars to be restin' betwit a fit and a start right now; but just you wait a spell." And they awaited a spell—nearly half an hour; long enough to disgust the simply curious, and several re traced their steps toward the hotel, leting fall rather uncomplimentary re marks about a ' pack of fools." Even the patient Dr. Endlin strode back and forth somewhat perturbed in thinking about his fatiguing trip and the pre cious time wasted. But the long-expected really hap pened. A fierce column of steam sethed up from the fissure, quickly succeeded by two lesser upheavals; then a rasping groan, drawn out in jerky notes, each more weird and penetrating than the foregoing. It cre ated a big sensation everybody loked at everybody else; the incredu lous ones trembled, and the prospector who uttered the suggestion "wait a spell, 'Shouted out, "What'd I tell you!" When the last vibrations of the sur prising din died away, Professor Mel lins fairly hugged himself for joy. Dr. Endlin said nothing when pressed for an opinion. The lesser lights volun teered their private theories; those who had deserted in disgust appeared upon the scene once more. An interval of quietude prevailed *nd scarcely a sien of steam could observed at the Jagged rent In Mother Earth. Nevertheless, a dozen men had heard the unearthly racket; these were busily engaged in telling the others just how it sounded, and bid ding them to remain and convince themselves ia spite of their in credulity.. It was this aggregation of humanity that caught the eye of Tim Mardock, who had been scanning the country all the way down from Virginia City for a sign or sight of the vagrant Beelzebub. Tim was not a man who let slip an opportunity of finding out a bit of news, and he reined his mule up the trail leading to the group of people at the tunnel's mouth. "Phwat's the dishturhance. Hank?" "It's you, is it, Tim? Disturbance, you say? Well, I wonder! If you never heard underground thunder, now's your chance." "Faith, an' did yez have an airth quake here. Hank?" "Sure, Tim. It's paralyzed our bo nanza tunnel, and locked up a roarin' fury inside of it, to boot." "Who's the gintlemen with the specks and knowin' jibs?" "Scientists, Tim. and they hail from some big institution of big learning." "B'jakers, an' yez are sthrictly in it wid yer little wan-horse tunnel, ain't yea, Hank?" And Hank nodded a ready acquies cence. Tim had guided bis mule directly in front ot the tunnel; he halted there and gazed in open-eyed astonishment. The mule appeared unduly interested, too, pricked up his long ears and sniffed the air suspiciously. A spurt of steam was ejected from the crevice; it was a forerunner of several denser columns. Professors and all others drew near, epecting to hear the result ant rumble. It came; not so distinctly as formerly, but loud enough to startle them. A hush fell upon the throng. Man's significance seems infinitesimal when Nature's stupendous force as serts itself in a manner that indicates only a tithe of what she might do. The hush was rudely broken —not by a commenting human voice, not by another internal clamor, but by a stri dent, grating cry issuing from the throat of Tim's mule. The bray of an ass is akin to the filing of many saws at once, and never an agreeable sound. This particular bray created all of this effect and more in addition. Although not eactly a repetition of the subter ranean cannonading, there was much similarity between the two. "Mither of Moses! Yez gaping gawks! An' it's a foine thrick yer afther pla.vin'! Underground thunder it is—is it? Him that shtuck me good mule Beelzebub inter that sweatin, shteamin' hole fer the iddification of blitherin' scientics will plaze to shtep out an Oi'll paste his ugly mug!" Professor Mellins fell back against a convenient bank in a dazed condition. The noted Dr. Endlin's countenance reflected a sardonic sneer. Several derisive hoots passed the lips of the hereinbefore - mentioned incredulous ones. "Shtand back, ye domned fools, an* let me rescue me poor darlint Bel zie!" Tim Murdock had leaped from his mule's back; he tore wildly into the now comparatively clear atmosphere of the tunnel and disappeared from view. Different emotions filled the breasts of the different individuals. Dr. End lin's face was a study; he glanced at the hopelessly dispirited Professor Mellins, and seemed to pity him, yet he maintained a dignified and unap proachable aspect that best becomes a man of letters. The mapority of the spectators chuckled, looked wise, and a number of"I told you so's" were overheard. Two or three brave souls ventured a few feet within the tunnel; after 10 minutes or so had elapsed, a commo tion was heard in the darkened depths. "Back, bark, I tell ye! Back again, me Belzie! Och, an' it's a fool set of fools out there, Belzie! It's homesick yez are for a tunnel, acushla, me own. Back wance more, darlint!" Slowly, carefully, surely, Tim Mur dock steered his charge out of the treacherous tunnel. Once the sure footed mule slipped, and his hind feet wnt down into the crack that made the tunnel's floor dangerous ground. Then, and only then, would Tim per mit any of the "fools" to assist him. When Belzie backed out into day light, it added the last straw to Pro fessor Mellins's undoing. He merely glanced at the unsightly animal, then slunk quickly down the hill. Dr. End lin and his comrades could appreciate the ludicrous side of things, and smiled, laughed, then fairly roared, as they beheld the cause of the "sub terranean rumblings, plainly audible." Tim's riding animal welcomed Bel zie with a prolonged bray. Belzie. bruised, famished, and with huge patches of hair actually steamed from his hide, responded in a woe-begone groan. The warm-hearted Tim lav ished endearing terms upon his un lucky Belzie; he procured a can of axle-grease and liberally plastered this "ointment" over the succored mule's burns. Every now and again he would pause in these proceedings and let forth such a volley of strong language, "forninst the loikes of yez idiots," as almost guaranteed an im mediate growth of new hair on Bel zie's scalded limbs. On the day following, several prom inent Western newspapers contained sensational and luridly ironical ac counts of Professor Mellins's brilliant phenomenon at Steamboat Springs. Professor Mellins's pride forbade him appearing in public for months after ward. and the bray of a mule is to him the most agonizing sound on earth. —Saß Francisco Argonaut. THE GEEAT DESTROYER SOME STARTLING FACTS ABOUT THE VICE OF INTEMPERANCE. Insanity and Intoxication AH a Defense— Killing of the Court of Appeal* In the Case of Frederick Krlwt—Dninkcnnen? l)oo» Not Affect Responsibility. '1 i>e Court of Appeals has affirmnd the conviction rff Fred crick Krist of the crime of murder in shooting to death Katie To bin in the village of YVaverly. N. Y., on April 7, 1900. Kris't, who was thirty years old at the time of t,he luurfler. had lived in Waverly for fifteen years. He was al ways knovvti aw an exemplary young man, and in his boyhood served as an altar hoy in the Catholic Church of Ithaca. In May, 1891, he was married to Josephine Ganth «T, with whom ho lived until 1890. when they separated because of his infatuation for Katie Tobin. Krist's wife had remained his faithful friend, and on the night before the mur der lie prevailed upon her to accompany him to his rooms in the house of a neigh bor. She did not leave until 4.30 in the morning. During the night Krist could not sleep, but walked the floor, wrung his hands, wept and talked about Katie. He was under great excitement, and kept say ing. ".She has ruined my life, and I wilf murder her," or "will murder them." The next morning ho bought a revolver, and a few hours afterward took a room at a hotel, where from a window he could get an unobstructed view of the house where Katie lived. That afternoon he applied to a police justice for a warrant for Kctie Tobin. claiming that she had stolen ?35 from his vest pocket. The justice put bin* off. but subsequently granted it, because Krist had retained a lawyer to draft an. affidavit. Krist 1 .id ail this time been drinking heavily of gin. Katie and her sis ter had been notified by the justice cf the issuance of the warrant, and while they were on their way to lvs office Krist was to!"l of the ; r coming. He ran to his room in the hotel and then to the barroom. No gin was given him, because the bottle was emntv. but he had a glass of whisky. Krist then met Tva'ic and her sister v Ho took hold of Katie's arm and said. "Katie, you won't go." Upon being interfered with bv the sist»r he raised a revolver, placed it rear Katie's bead and fired. Af ter she fell he shot three times at her prostrate body. After reviewing the evi dence of exnerts as to whether was ; fHictcd with melancholia, .Judge Yarn, for the court, savs: "The evidence tends to show that when the defendant, shot Katie Tobin he krew the nature and oiul :ty of th? act he was doing. He bought a revolver; had it loaded and in readines-. for action. Hi selected a convenient place to vatcli. and by diligence and wari ness created an opportunity to meet his ■ ictim. He went forth to liect her as he had plarncd. and deliberately shot her, with intent, to take her life, as he prompt ly declared. Right affr the act he had a. clear reco'lection of all the events which nreceded the shooting, and there is noth ing to indicate that he did not know what he was doing or that he failed to compre hend the character and consequences of bis conduct. That he knew the effect of firing a bullet into the brain of a human being is a reasonable if not an irresistible inference from the evidence. He knew it would ki'l. for he said at once that he had killed and intended to kill. He seemed to have a perfect understanding of the nature of the act, and to know when he com mitted it what the effect of it was with reference to the crime of murder. He acted with judgment, caution and fore sight. There was no sudden impulse, for the act was the result of long and careful preparation. There was no evidence of congenital defect or other disease of the body which might affect the mind, {or he was apparently in good health. Did he know that the act was wrong? Had liisy A, i mind slipped from its moorings, so that | he was unconscious of the criminal char- I acter and consequences of his action? Was he mentally capable of entertaining a criminal intent? Did he comprehend his relation to others and realize the nature and enormity of the act? Did he know the difference between right and wrong, and have tlie power to choose between them? Did lie know it was wrong to shoot Katie Tobin? These questions were for the jury, and they might find his own declarations, mado immediately after the homicide, that he plotted to kill her, nerved himself with gin in order to do the desperate deed, did it as he had planned, regretted it oil account of his mother, ex pected to suffer for it, and was willing to plead guilty and be punished as any one who would do anything like that ought to. He promptly sat in judgment upon him self. and seemed to fully realize that what he had done was wrong, both legally and morally, and that he would be and should be punished for it. If he deliberately drank himself into a frenzy, the law docs not excuse him from that kind of insanity? His intoxication did not affect his crimin al responsibility, for it was only recent and voluntary, but he even drank with the crime in view, as he said, and in order to get tlx- strength and courage to com mit it. Both the statute and the common law declare that voluntary intoxication constitutes no defense." Always Cans© Hamate. Alcoholic drinks are not mere deceivers, they always.cause damage and often death. Scarcely an organ of tlie body is exempt from their influence. They begin their destructive work on the lining of the stomach. Here they cause disease of the stomach at times slight, at others serious, creating the more harm because they in jure the appetite and hinder the patient irom using natural food and thus dimin ishing his power of resistance. And be sides the paralyzing effect of alcoholic liquors, they prevent people from discov ering the fact of stomach trouble for some time, so that the patients are the more deceived into attempting to nourish them selves on "liquid bread," under the im pression that it is the only food that agrees with them, until at last they de velop into regular topers, real drunkards. France leads the world in wine and spirit drinking, with Germany a far-away second, Gi at Britain third and the b ni ted States a low fourth. I)rlnk-I>ent* tlie Cause. Karl Reelam, M. D., Professor. Univer sity at bieipsic, says:"lt is not militarism, nor lack of religion, nor the materialistic tendency that are producing the barbarity and insubordination of our times, brought to our notice by the police and court rec ords of everv German land, but the_ in credible number of drinking places. Week after week others are being added to those we already possess." The French Alarmed. The French Legislature has reeentlv passed a ru'e that in order to protect chil dren from the seductions of drunkenness, the principles of temperance and the per ils of drink should be systematically taught in all elementary schools. The Crusade In Brief. The Scottish Temperance League was formed in 1844. At a political meeting in Detroit one of the signs in the hall read: "Down with tlie saloons and thousands of families will have sl6 to $1 now." Professor Debaul, of Paris, declares that the inability of the French women to properly nurse their children depends in a lafge measure on the use of alcohol. The Anti-Saloon Leajfue has decided to take a new tack in fighting saloons in Ohio, and purposes to make a test case on the claim that a saloon is a public nuisance, and should be abolished-
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers