I THE YAQUIS A NOBLE RACE 1 M Most Remarkable Tribe of Aboriginals Known to History. 8 MEXICAN TROOPS HAVE THEM AT BAY. TTENTION has fyl, again been V I called by the Y\\ Ij\ present hostile V\\l JI/\\ attitude of the // Yaqui Indians, in the mountain wiHf it"' ' " districts of '■fil I vk Northwestern jHw I V. Mexico to what Il\ 112 vV ' a P er^a P s 'he \ I l/L U most remarkable xA ~ Vy tribo of aborig inals known to * 1 history. The Yaquis differ materially from the numerous other tribes inhabiting this section of the globe, says a writer in the St. Louis Globe-Democrat. While thoroughly partaking of the ferocious nature of the Apaches of the American frontier, and entertaining quite as pronounced a hatred for all people of more civilized tastes, they ara char acterized by a very distinct predilection for intelligent forms of government. But that any restrictions or obligations should bo placed upon them by an alien people, such as they have erer been disposed to regard all mankind not of their tribe, they are disposed to consider as unwarranted interfer ence with their hereditary customs, and hence intolerable. The Yaquis have been a constant source of dread to the Mexicans ever since the first attempt at civilizing the northwestern section of the republic, to which movement the former have been most strenuously opposed. Like other North American tribes, they hold that the territory they inhabit is theirs by right of inheritance from their fore fathers, and every foot of land that bas from time to time been wrenched from them has ultimately been paid for by the life's blood of the invaders. During past centuries the Yaquis Lave been almost incessantly at war with the Spaniards and their Mexican descendants, and by degrees their once powerful tribe has been reduced until at the present day it numbers less than 15,000 members. Of their former broad domain all the posses sions that now remain to the Yaquis are a few leagues of land situated in the lower valleys of the Rio Yaqui, in the southern portion of the State of Senora. Here, during the brief inter vals of peace which they have occa sionally experienced, they have made their homes, following their natural pursuits of farming, stock raising and mining. This is the laud that has been officially assiguedto them by the Mexican Government. Ba«k of it, however, in the fastness of the great H| | Ihilifi*®* A YAQUI HERDER. Sierra Madres, lies a territory that is theirs by right of their exclusive ability to penetrate and when neces sary to inhabit it. This is the war home of the Yaquis. Here in the con flicts of late years they have proved invincible, unconquerable. It is a country of rugged mountain steeps, of deep, furnacelike defiles and deso late, sweltering mesa lands—a coun try inaccessible, intolerable to any thing human save only the Yaquis. Such is the stronghold in which this race of fighters is intrenched to-day. The Yaquis derive their name from their peculiar habit of loud talking, their verbal designation Yaqui mean ing, "He who shouts." The Yaqui, or Huaqui, is one of the chief rivers W- J '* % YAQUI GRASS HOUSE, SHOWING UTENSILS. of Mexico, being about 400 miles in length, and is formed of several streams, -which rise close to the Amer ican boundary in the Sierra Madre Mountains. The Yaqai has its outlet in theOalfof California, about twenty five miles southeast of Ouaymas. the principal Mexican seaport of the Gulf. The State of Sonora lias an area of about 71,000 square miles, or nearly 25,000 miles more than New York, and a population of abont 155,000. The assessed value of the property is about $7,500,000. It consists in mines, cotton weaving, china potter ies, cattle ranolies and other branches of pastoral industry. The valley of the Yaqui, which is the scene of the present disturbances, according to L YAQUIS IN WAP. DRESS. ' American scientists and explorers em braces about 12,000 square miles. It is one of the most mountainous parts of Mexico. The Yaquis as a race claim descent from one of the original seven emigra tions from the North, having closely followed the Toltecs of the sixth cen tury or before, who founded their kingdom on the site of Tula, about fifty miles north of the City of Mexico. They claim by tradition an earlier origin than the Aztecs, who built cities and possessed a civilization which was at its height in the time of the first expedition of Cortez. The Mexican Government has announced a policy of extermination against these Indians. The present uprising is the sixth in their history. The ludians revolted against Spain in 1735. The Hidalgos were worsted in battle, but they miule up for their failure in arms by their artful duplicity. The Yaquis revolted again in 1825, and again in 4,1832, against Mexico, *vhen, armed with bows, battle axes and spears, and led by their celebrated chieftain, Bande ras, they made it lively for the Gov ernment troops, but were finally over come. They made another attempt in 1811, and defended their mountain fastnesses with Spartan valor, and for years held the Government at bay. Order was restored by a compromise. The conflict this time will be to th e death. In their ten years' war th 0 Y/iquis were still using almost wholly their primitive weapons. To-day they are well armed. The Yaquis are fine people, and rather deserve encouragement than annihilation, writes ai. American of ficer who recently visited their coun try. They are the remnants of a brave and partly civilized people whom the Spaniards found in Mexico. They have never been conquered, and have never forgiven their Spanish enemies nor their descendants. Their military organization is almost per feet, and consists of companies, regi ments and divisions. The wife of our chief blushed with pleasure as one of our number hung about her neok a string of blue beads as a parting gift. She was truly worthy of our admiration. So was the grin on the face of her youngster as he began to realize what sweetness was concealed iu a lump of maple sugar which we gave him. Their huts were our homes, the doors of which would always have been open tons had there been any. At the back end of each were two tiers of bunks for sleeping purposes; in the front the family squatted, cooked and lived. Mere justice demands that I should say I found nothing but clean* liuess about their homes, persons and surroundings, a;ul the high opinion which I then formed of their general intelligence, great bravery anil in trinsic worth still remains unchanged. They are not savages. The talk in the papers abotit sur rounding them and starving them is rot, for it caunot be done at this sea son of the year. At this time down there everything is green and verdure is at its best. These Indians live on cactus, on a kind of brown sugar and on parched corn and of this they can A YAQUI MAIDEN WITH PAINTED FACE. find an unlimited amount at this time of the year. It is just as sensible to put a man in a well and talk of killing him by thirst as to talk of starving these Indians now. Just south of the Yaqui Indians is another tribe which is about as large and which sympathizes largely with the Yaquis. These are the Mayo In dians and they are probably as line specimens of physical manhood as are to be found ou the continent. They are as numerous as the Yaquis, and it is the custom of these Indians to kill all their old men and women long be fore they would die a natural death, aud they prevent the marriage of either a man or a woman of the tribe who is in any way imperfect or de formed. The result is they have a tribe of magnificent specimens of manhood and womanhood. The Mexi can Government will have its hands full with the Yaquis alone, but if the Mayoa join them it will be a long drawn out contest. Bavar*a, with a population of 5,- 818,500, spends 58t.800.000 a year on beer. BISMARCK BIRTHDAY BONFIRES. To Celebrate the Natal Anniversary of the Iron Chancellor in a Notable Way. Students of the various universities in Germany recently decided to cele brate the anniversary of Bismarck's birth in a notable fashion on April 1, 1900, and a programme has now been arranged in accordance with which BONFIRES TO MARK I'RINCE BISMARCK'S BIRTHDAY. oillnrs or monuments in honor of Bis marck will be erected iu many Ger man cities, and on the morning of A.pril 1 flames will burst lorth from ihem and" will continue to burn dur ing the day. The first step iu this direction was taken when several leading professors net at Eisenach for the purpose of de eding on the form of the proposed monuments. The leading architects )f Germany had been invited to com pete, and the result was that 320 de signs were submitted. Of these ten were finally selected, rod valuable prizes were awarded to ;he architects who had submitted ihem. The three designs -which were ssteemed to be the best were submit ;ed by W. Kreiss, nu architect of Dresden. One of his designs of a Bismarck monument is notable for its strength rod simplicity. We see a massive square structure, flanked by four pil .ars and with a hollow opening at the lop, through which the flames are to jurst. In this hollow opening is a arge metal brazier, which is designed IO hold the coal and other fuel, and .vithin the structure is a staircase eading lip to the brazier. The rear rod sides of the monument are of smooth stone and are devoid of orna nent, but on the front are several sculptural decorations. This design is generally admitted to oe the best, and the numerous monu ments which it is proposed to erect iu Donor of Bismarck will be fashioned after it. These will be placed on the Highest points near the various cities ind towns, and they will vary iu size iccording to the wealth of the cities ind the height of the elevations. One hundred and seventy-four sities and towns have already ar ranged to erect a Bismarck monu ment, and in each place a coinmitteo las been appointed to select the most suitable spot for the erection of the structure. The plan is to have the ires in the various monuments light ed simultaneously on April 1, and it s believed that when that time comes ,he monuments will be so numerous ;hat there will be a regular chain of Deacon lights from one end of Ger many to the other. The S\vor<lfi*h a Mackerel. The swordfish is really a gigantic mackerel, dividing pretty evenly the honor of being chief of the Seom bridie with the huge albacore, or deep sea tunny. Its weapon is a solid spear if bone sometimes reaching two feet in length, an elongation of the upper jaw which topers to a keen point. These weapons are an exceedingly rare possession, very seldom seen ex cept in museums, aud then generally found on exhibition just as they have beeu sawed out of some ship's tim bers; the result of just such an error of judgment on the part of the xiphias was reported last weeit from Kragero, into which port the bark Passe Partout had putin leaking. Upon examination part of the weapon of a swordtish was found imbedded in a five-iuch plank, having first passed through the outer sheathing of metal. Novel Philippine Cavalry. The adaptability of the American is proverbial and this fact is humorously exhibited by the troops now in Iloilo. There are no horses on the islaud but there was a dire need of cavalry. So the soldiers impressed a herd of water butlalo aud utilized them as mounts, - TROTTING- BULL USED BY OCR TROOrS IN ILOILO. The illustration shows one of the Tennessee boys on a prize trotting bull. The animal is said to be very docile and to make an acceptable sub stitute for the horse. Corunnain Spain claims to have the oldest lighthouse in existence rr v | CHILDREN'S COLUMN. J I'layinß House. Jim an' me wuz playiu' hoU9O After school today; Jim said I could be bis wife— Only jes' in play. Ho we tuk my table out An' some cookies, too; Then w« settled down fer tea Jes' like big (oiks do. Jim, he brought a book and read; lsaid: "That,ain't fair, I'd tear thai old book iu two If I'd only dare." Then Jim laughed at me an' said: "You big silly, you. I mil*' read au' you keep still— Jes' like big folksdo." Then I jes' got off my chair An' I wouldn't play; Jim -Hatched up his book an' said: "Girls all do that way." Ho went home, but I don't care, I'm jes' mad c.leim through. 'Talu't no fun t' play "keep house" Jes' like big folk* do. —Florence E. liussell, in Newark Daily Ad vertiser. Curious AttHOliinent. There are few things more interest ing iu the natural history of animals o , indeed, more wonderful, thau the partiality which individuals of totally different race have exhibited for each other. About ten years ago a friend who was rector of a rural parish iu North Wales, bought a pig at ono of his village fairs. It belonged to a cottager who lived nearly four mile* from the place where the fair was held, and who had ) robably brought it on foot from his cottage that morn ing. The pig was driven up to the rec tory and placed iu the sty, and on the next morning my friend went to see his new purchase aud to turn him out into the fold to take au airing, where he was left to pick a few peas that had been thrown down to make his pas time more agreeable. After awhile the pig was not to be found aud a servant was sent to see if he had strayed back to his old home. There he was found happy and free among the - other animals of the cot tage. He was ngain driven to his new quarters, aud confined to the sty for nearly two days. When it was thought he had become reconciled to his new home or had forgotten his old one, he was again liberated and suffered to roam at will about the fold. He was watched for awhile, bnt seemed to bo so entirely at home that he was left aud forgotten until it was time to confine him to bis own quar ters, when he was again sought for in vain. - —— He had once more strayed to his old haunts, aud had to be brought back agaiu. On the morning following this escape my friend weut to the sty aud found near it a little brown dog, which he then remembered he had seen about the premises several times since the fair, and it occurred to him that th ■ pig aud he were acquainted and would, if the opportunity were offered, trot home together. So the pig was liberated in order to see if the surmise was correct, and sure enough, re 'ognitiou, sweet an l tender, was soon witnessed. They were followed at a respectable distance for fully half a mile, as they diligently trotted home together, the dog Jeadiug the way, aud anxiously looking back every now and then to see if his friend was following. The little dog had been missed by his master for long periods together, aud his absence could not be accounted for till my friend solvo 1 the mystery. There was evideutly a strong attach ment I etweeu j, but whether it was the force o. .his attachment or anxiety to look a ler his master's in terests, the conduct of the dog was equally wonde ful. On the Street Corner. The wind was blowing ft gale. People were hurrying to aud fro, ap parently thinking only of themselves —as people usually do when a storm is about to burst upon them. The city crossings were in a shameful con dition—what was the matter with the city authorities I cannot tell. There was loose suow on the top of what might be called a lake of slush, the lake iu this iustance at any rate being deep enough to submerge the "cross er's" rubbers,and sometimes his or her shoes. From around a corner, al nost blown a'oug by the strength of the rising win came au old woman with her arms full of bundles. She certainly did look comical with her hat pushed back on oue side and her gray hair flying over her face, but there was a pathetic side to the picture. She was trying to make her umbrella act as a cane, but the wind made it contrary, so it flopped about in au aimless way,. and finally fell down. The old woman was discouraged, but she struggled to pick up the umbrella, accomplishing the task with difficulty, and while doing so dropjjed one of her bundles. Endeavoring to get this, all the others fell, with the "total depravity of in animate t'lings." Some school boys passed and smiled. "She's having a bard time," said one, laughiug. "Poor old soul!" saidauother,really feeling sorry for her, but not taking the tr. üble to show his pity in any helpful way. •Tut then another school boy catue along. He was well dressed, and his bearing showed that he was"to the manor born." Would he, too, pass by the old womau in her perplexity? Oh, no, that was not his way. "I'll pick them lip for you," he said quickly. He had some cord in his overcoat pocket, with which he tied all the pacL«ges together, and made a sort of handle to hold theui by. "Oh, thank yon," said the old worn- at, her face brightening with relief. "Jf'ow good of you!" "That's all right," vras the boylsk re°ponse. He was going on, but, happening to look back, he saw the old woman standing on the curbstone looking at the sea of slush as if venturing to cross it. He was at her side in a min ute. He took her packages and one of her arms. "Let me help you across, please," he said as courteously as if he was ad dressing an old lady of his own station. "It isn't pleasant, but there's no dan ger." He smiled into the poor worried old face reassuringly. When they were across the boy said kindly: "Is it all right, now, madam? Can you get home alone?" "Yes, I'll get along without any trouble, and I " She was about to express her heart felt thanks, but the boy, lifting his hat with a parting bow, said: "Good bye," and was gone.—Helen Hall Farley. A Dog That ISenHons. Nearly everybody in Waupun, Wis., knows "Billy." He is a very unpre tentious citizen, trotting around town dressed iu the same threadbare white suit almost daily, but he had a repu tation for being a great tighter when aroused, and those who know him best say he is the cleverest as well as the most rational in that part of the couutry. He is an inmate of the isou, isou, being an assistant iu the medical department. Some persons intimate that Billy spends most of his time in and about the medical depart ment because, being a dog, he finds much entertaiumeut in studying the great variety of druggy odors there. As a matter of fact Billy belongs to Dr. G. F. Messer, the head of the medical department, and is devoted to his master, to whom he owes most of his superior education. When Billy first made the acquain tance of the doctor he (the dog) was simply an uueducated, sprawl-legged bull terrier with a certain pride of an cestry that gave a superior tip to his eat sand an exceptional fineness to his | hair. Like other youngsters whom I might name, Billy,at this period of his career, 1 elieved that life and happiness did and of right ought to consist in chewing most anything that looked like food, in chasing chickens and other b r.ls till he was so tired that he sunk to rest in the nearest sunny dust heap and iu appropriating the softest and cosiest cushioned chair in the house. Then came the troublesome "going to school" that youngsters usually loathe in their secret hearts. First Silly was taught to sit up on his haunches. This used to make his back ache, and always, at tirst, it seemed as if a wingless aud curious Asect would begi:i to move about at the furthest extremity of his tail at the critical moment when Billy was straining every nerve to remain bal anced. So the young dog would bliuk ! aud look almost tearful and at last give a yelp and start on a wild race i for the end of his tail, which dodged him aud darted from him in a manner most provoking. Yon see, histai'l had j been bitten off iu his infancy and was ; a bit too stubby for convei ieuce. Then came learning to jump through ■ and over arms to get a piece of meat or biscuit. Of course this was fun aud easily learned. Aud so Billy's education went ou. j He learned to "speak" when told to do so, and finally became so proficient iu speaking that he adopted the habit of calling for his bed (an old coat ! which was laid on the sofa) at night. | He has learned to act the pj.it of a judge, aud "listens to the evidence," and "expounds the law" very learned ly. Sometimes when he is not given euough attention to suit him he will i perforin his tricks of his own accord or climb into a chair and play "peek-a --boo." He hss a treadmill which lie ! onjoys running, and he takes keen de ! light i;> chasing the sort of cats that : like to steal upon a dog, and, fur 1 pronging out in every direction, take j a flying leap and laud on his back. I At this o.itical moment most dogs give a fearful yelp and run for dear life, but Billy sii"ply remains aud settles matters with the cat—if the ' cat can be found. Billy is also an ex : pert hunter and obeys sign signals as I well as spoken or whistled ones. He is a great ratter aud mouser and has ! learned to adopt the cat's methods and wait for his prey to come out of its hole. Then he waits for his vic tim to get some distance away from the hole before undertaking to make a capture. He learned this method by sad espeiience, for at first he would jump at the rat or mouse as soon as it appeared and usually with the result that the intended victim escaped back iuto the hole. Dr. Me.-ser writes: "Billy showed his ability to reason only a day or two aao. A cookie was laid down in front of the cupboard to coax out the mice from nuclei neath. One cjime to the cookie and Billy saw that it was too close t ■ the cupboard, so he picked it I'll and moved it about four feet further out. Then he went a little way back to watch for the mouse to come out, certain that now he could get his prey before it could get out of his reach." Billy is two and one-half years old, weighs 44 pounds aud seems to under stand nearly all that is said in hip presence. 4,000,000 Women Waffe Earners. There are said to be 4,000,000 women wage eat neis in this couutrj ; 2;* 0,000 are teachers, besides 85,000 music teachers. There are 10,000 art ists, 2725 authors, 1145 pastors, 888 uowspaper women, 27il detectives, 208 lawyers Had 40 chemists. Two Cin cinnati women make $1". a year out of a restaurant, aud the woman manager of a California insurance cou;»anv ie;eives a salary of SlO-000-
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers