o..)toga: , golig I F *
Publiahed every Weiliesday‘Norning," at 0,00 a
year. i nvariably In advance, by
COBB & VAN GELDER
.. E ease.) (p. C. van (mam. '
. A .r,v - Ez.,..r.tesizsz - Q1- F...4%.'1'3113.
tmo. I 3 mo. 6 too. r mo. 1 Iyr
I Nutsre .- ..... 5 2 , 50 5,0 J 7,60 10,00 12,00
284 118 r , 5• ...... • 3 • 7 • 5 8 , 00 12.00 15,00 18,00
I—it:ow.= 7;act G.o,cia 15,00 oo,oo 2,5,00
I _2 cAam.._...12,00 20.00 30,00 38,00 45,00
10 01001 D -- 71.• 2(0° s B,BO 48 • 00 86 , 00 00,00
1 Sparel Isaac ' s 0.00-50 cts.eaeh a•eek thereafter.
Administrators and I".remators Notices $2,00 each.
Beta:tea Cards of flee lines $5,00 per year.. .
BUSINESS DMEOTORY,
- -- - -- - -
w. D. TEIUJELL & CO.,
WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, and 'dealers"in
Wall Paper, Kerosene Lamps, Window Gases,
Perfumery, Paints and Oils, &c.,
Corning, N. Y., Jan. 1, 1866.-Iy,
MIIIi=
NICHOLS & VIITCBELL,
ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELORS AT LAW
Office formerly occupied by James Lowrey, BEI
W. A. Mono Ls. Jolla I. MITCHELL.
Welteboro, dun. 1, 18138-Iy.
WILLIAM IL SMITH,
ATTORNEY ? ai.N . D COUNSELOR AT _LAW
i ou rance; Bounty and Pension Kgeney,' Main
sssst Wellaboro, Pa., Jan. 1, 1868. '
S . F. WILSON. J. 8. Nrtts.
WILSON & NILES,
ATTORNEYS k COUNSELORS AT LAW,
(First door from - Bigoney's; on the Avenue)—
Will attend to bosinestkontruste4 to their care
in the counties of Tioga and Potter.
Washer°, ditn.j,,1.866. •
F. W. CLARK,
ATTORNET AT LAW—Mansfield, Tioga co., Pa
May 9,
GEORGE WAGNER,
TAILOR. Shop first door north of L. A. Sears's
Shoe Shop. Or - Cutting, Pitting, andllepair,
iog done promptly and well.
Wellsboro, Pa., Jan. 1, 1866.--ly. •
JOHN B. SHABSPE A.B(E,
DRAPER AND TAILOR. Sloop over Bovren's
Store, second floor. ggrentting, Pitting, and
Repairing done promptly and in best style.
We!labor°, Pa.. Jan. 1,1866—1 y
JOHN I. MITCHELL,
AGENT for the collection of bounty, back pay
and pensions due soldiers from the Govern
ment. Office with Nichols and Mitchell, Wells
bore, Pa. ran'B6
,
_MAAR WALTON HOUSE,
Gaines, Tioga County, Pa. -
H. C. VERMILYEA, PROPRIETOR. This' is a
new botelJneated within sally aucessi
the
hest fishing and hunting grounds in orth-
Qin Pennsylvania. No pains will, be spared
for the accommodation of pleasure seekers and
the traveling public. Fan. 1, 1866.)
Pennsylvania Rouse.
AIIARIAH HAZLETT PEOPRIETOH
'FIRS popular hotel has been lately renovated and re
' furnished. and no pains will be spared to renderits
hoTitnlities acceptable to patrons.,
Wellsboro, dray 9,1866.
3. HERVEY EWING,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW,
No. 11 Law Building,—St. Patti St ;Baltimore.
REFERrNCES.—Levin (lale, Attoroey , at; Law,
Edward Tsrael, Mt) , at Law, Rey. 'McK.
Riley. D. D.. Rev. Henry Slicer, D. D., Can
field, Bro. & Co., F. Grove A; Ca., Ludwig At
geSherry, John F. MeJilton, Esq., Robert Law
ton, Esq ,S. Sutherland, Esq. [bir..E . yrk..Na,
authorized to transact any businelia appertain
leg to this paper in Baltitiore.]
Jan. 1, 1866-Iy.
TI BACON, M: D., late of the 2d Pa. Cavalry, afar,„ nearly four years of army service, with a, large
ei.perience in field and hospital practice, has opened - an
o2ce for the practice of medicine and surgery, in all
ni branches. Persons from a dist:Knee can find good
leardine at the Pennsylvania Hotel when desired—
Bill visit any part of the Ste. e , in consultation, or to
littfiirni surgical operetloni. No 4, Union Block, up
wars ellidioro. Pa, May 2. 1866 —ly.
NEW PHOTOGRAPH ,GALLERY.-
FRANK SPENCER
tab the pleasure to inform the citizens of Tioga
equity that they have the best opportunity ever
red them, to procure Ambrotypos, Ferrotypes,
Gems, Cartes de Visite, Vi4nettess, and all kinds
of fancy and popular card, and colored pictures,
tt his Gallery on Elmira Street.
Mansfield, Nov. 15, '6s—t.f. F. M. SPENCER.
A B. EASTMAN, SURGICAL AND _DM
UHANICAL •
STA
Would inform the citizens of Weßehar° and vi
mnity, that he has fitted up a desirable suite of
icons over John R. Boaren's store, No. 1,-17e
ma Block, where be is prepared to execute all
curl, in his profession. with a.protoptue•s nod
qle that will enable him to oVreephriar induce
ment. to those requiring dental operations. All
work warranted, nud at reasonable rates. Please
call and examine specimens.
Wellsboro. March 21, 18613.--tf
111ICIIIT I STRY.
C. N. DART T,
11T0O1,1) say to the public that he is permn
-11 nently located in NVellehore, (Office at his
rwience, near the Land Office and Episcopal
Cscrch) where he willvantinue in do alt kinds of
sr,se confided to his care, guaranteeing complete
mtafaction where; the, skill of the Dentist elm
evil! in the management of eases peenliar tn'tbe
calling. lie .011 furnish
ARTIFICIAti
ekon any material desired.
FILLING & EXTRACTING TEETH,
at..,,ka to on shortcut notice, and done in the
best anmFLost apritlYl , 4 lo 4
TEE T/I EX T RICTE tiCtrT CAIN
by the the use of Ausesehetics which are per
fectly harmless, and will be administered in every
case when desired.
- Wellsboro, Jan. 1, 1865-Iy.
ATTENTION. AOPIIO,a4I{S., •
M. B. sun% Kiip , 4l6ge, e t# , kett.'intir ,
licenitedtginfilrad . Attotn'eq
(Dr soldiers and tbeir friends tbrinigbent all tbe
Statee,) will prP,,cflifitb,d it l4 o,C ith
uu
nralled success,
, SOLDIERS' CLAIMS AND DUES'
°I all kinds. Also, any other kind of claim
kgtinbt the Government before any of the De
partment., or in Congress. Terme moderate, - All
t `•mmanieations cent to the above address will re
cove prompt Attention. den., 27, 1866'
UNITED STATES HOTEL.
.Main Street, Welleboro, Pa.
D. G. RITTER, _PRoPtuk.rou.
Having leased thi; bole property,
lately oecu i red by Mr.: ' , wean Austiu) shelf
endeavor to make it truly the traveler's howea+
Personal at ention will be given to the table,
and the comfort of guests will be a prime object.
The stables will be under the care of an experi
tneed hostler.
Wellsboro, Jan. 1 , 18 8 6-Iy. • -
New
Sh4vitsg.an.4ll3air.D.ressing Saloint.
RE sobscribers take pleasure in anhounciuL , to' the
Pee Pis of Welleboro and vicinity that they have
' , Mit oat Mr. P. F. Stislhlio, late barter and hair
'".er etivedisboro, and have fitted tip a neat and
Ui Mit t nem aver C. L.
,Willoolis store. where they
4 "raYil be on band to wait on their customers:
2 el they Wilt spare no pains to pleitee, they hope to
tLe patronage of the community.
i'krtieslar attention paid to ladies' hair-ratting, shrtn•
_^ 3o isg. dyeing, kr. Ladies' braids. puffs, swiches, oaths
11 Does
tsrls kemon hand, or made to order,
zr. - Jonamot.
April 24, 11.08.4 y
VOL. XIII.
WFLLSBORO HOTEL
(Corner Main Street and the Avenue.)
WELLSIIOIIO, PA.
B. B. HOLIDAY, Proprietor.
T HIS, Is one of the' moat popular Houses iti
the county. This Hotel is the principal
Stage-house in We'labor°. Stages leave daily
as follows :'
I=l
For Tioga, at 9 a. m.; For Troy, at 8 a. m. 4
For Jersey Shore every Tuesday and Friday at
2 •p. m. 4 For. Coudersport, every Monday and
Thur9doy at 2 p. m.
iST.A.GES Artatvg—From Tioga, at 12 1-2 o'clock
p. m.: From Troy, at 8 o'clock p. m.: From Jer
sey Shore, Tuesday and Friday 11 a. in. From
Coudersport, Monday and Thursday Ii a. m. •
• N. O.—Jimmy Cowden, the well-known hest.;
ler, willpe found on hand, •
-Wellshoro, Jan. 1, 1866-Iy. - -
C. F. SWAN,
~.
A GENT for the Lycoming County Inanrance
41. Company, at Tioga, Pa.
Jane 5, 1866.-3m*
NEtiP DRIIG STORE. -,•.1
Dr: W.: W: *EMS & BRO.
Have ,opened a. Drug. and Chemical. store, on
Main Street, Ist door below Hastings, where they
intend to keep a full assortment of
DRUGS AND
A good article of Medicinal Liquors and Wines.
t Prescriptions carefully prepared.'
Medical advice given free of charge. • '
Wellshciro, Nov. B.:•ty.
NEW FIRM & NEW GOODS AT TIOGA
BORDEN BRO'S
Would reapettftdly. announce , tcti”all where
,4t
may concern," that they Jutep ,itonetantly op hatid
a large and 'well selected 'assortment of
•DRUGS AND
PAINTS, Oils,
GLASS AND WALL PAPER;
DYE STUFFS, FAMILY DYES, LAMPS,
GLASS WAKE,
ENVELOPES, SCHOOL BOOKS,
'WEitel4fS,j
Tea, Coffee, Spice, Pepper, Gin
ger, Sateraths, Starch, -
TAIT 'AND 'WASHING SOAPS,
and an endless variety of
YANKEE NOTIONS.
Tioga, Pa , Oct. 4, 1865-Iy*s. -
MRI - 1 , 15. A. 3. SOFIEI.D has.just return'el from New
York with a full assortment of ladles' fancy goods
and millinery in every style. Toilet articles, of the pu
rest and best finality. Meng Druoßr.ST'S perfumes.
powders, &e., which nu lady will do without after once
using
A nice variety of white goods. consisting of hosiery
corsets, handkerchiefs, collars, cuffs ac,
A new style of Garibaldi cloth, which is most des'
MEI
Uead-dresses awl dress caps, infant caps and bats
Bonnets and bate repaired to order
' Mrs. Softeld will continue to receive goods from N.
York (luring the season, end hopes to please a❑ her cue
tomera. Wellsboro, May 9,1866.
ENERAL AGEN,I_DX,2B Lake, street, Elmira.
Local agents supplied at factory prices, and
ne • agents wanted fur unoccupied districts.
Alta?, a large stock, of machine findings. For
circular,' sdaress ' THOS. JOHNSON, _
General Agent of G. & 13. Sewing Machines,
Jane ,13, 1868—tf 28 Lake st., Elmira, N T.
New: ,Drug, Store. ,
•
R& GILISEHT . haVe opeied a Drug and
- Chemical Store on Main Street, one door be
low Dr. Mattionn's Hotel, An•-the Borough of
Knoxville, where they kit* on hand a full as
sortment of
" •
•
tvrEbterl4.,g -
DRUGFEVAND- •
Is good article of roedieinid WinettiOd.liiquorar—
pr•Preaeriptions carefully prepared.,
Knoxville; -March 326,•1868-3mV- t •
trtBUSSES.-- , '!Beeley'a Fad -Rubber. guts'.
cares rupture, frees the cord from all press
ure : wiiLlever:rest, li mber.. cha fc, pr„be
come 81 y, eAd' stbanpilnebelberiMted
with bard rubber); spring made any power re
quired; used in bitfbing,lttea - tcl form; requires
no strapping; cleanest, lightest, easiest, and best
Truss known. • lebd fiir pamphlet) r - •
I. 13. SEELEY, Sole Prqprietor,
apli 66 - 1347 Ottaanttk, et., Phila's, Pa
AGENTS WANTED—Tor ourpew and heau
fife! work, the pictorial book of Anecdotes
and Incidents of the Itebellien: heroic, patriotic,
political, romantic, hornet-Ohs-and tragical splen
didly illustrated with over 300 fine portraits and
beautiful engravings. This work, for genial hu
mor, tender pathos, startling interest, and attrac
tive beauty, stands peerless and alone among all
its competitors. The valiant and brave hearted,
the picturesque and dramatic, the witty and mar
vellous, the tender and pathetic ; the roll of fame
and story, camp, picket, spy, scout, bivouac and
siege; startling surprises, wonderful escapes; fa'
mous words and deeds of ! woman, and the whole
panorama of the war, are here thrillingly- and
startlingly.portrayed in a masterly manner, at
onee historical and romantic; rendering it the
most ample, brilliant and readable book that the
war has called forth - •, • ,-
Disabled officers and soldiers,. teachers, ener
getic young men, and all in want of profitable
-employment, will find this the best chance to make
money ever yet offered. Send for_ circulars and
see o,r terms. Address '
NATIONAL PUBLISHING . OO.; -
J13,-Ite No, 'Minor st., Phila., Pa.
THE midersignea t 'agent for the celebrated Ro
chester Trout Fies, keeps constantly on hand
fishing tackle. consisting of N. Y. trout flies,Xtn
soy & Limerick hooks, on snelle, silk, braided,
hair, seagross and linen lines; leaders, , gut
:•trunds, hooks, fly books, rods, reels, troutbask
vts. tips, landing nets, the. Shop in the 'rear of
Gunn & Tucker store store. L. A. -SEARS.
Wellsboro, May 16, 1866.
DISSOLUTION.—Notice is hereby given that
the partnership heretofore existing between
the subscribers, is dissolved, by mutual consent.
3013 WILLCOX, '
CLARK L. WILLOPX.
Wellsboro, June 8, 1888,.,30,
AN Assortment of TABLE GLASSWARE
7111 be found at AOPS DRUG STORE
7 /..
such as CASTORS, SPOOKS,
• :
TEA & TABLE, FORKS,
CAKE DISHES, &c
WRITING PAPER,
chines•
-..--:Ff;c7.1.E.:%-.. :-1-4,2ltatt,--.2-4,•Argral,-_-..:•:,•a•Zt:,..•,-..•••:::r.•.-,....'; '-';':. •.1 -, 0 "•-• ''• " =•-'•)-•'- t,-La'i • .1 • -r.4,7 • 9 • % I TWlttMea;; ; °_—:.. - ''' 14. • : '‘f'• ''" ,7 “ . ‘' --1 ... 751 ' ''''''''• •-':- ''"
- -- " 7: ' ' --
''''.: - • . ' " ' '•
' . ' 7:
....
...- --....„
.7 -•
. / , .: :
.. •
TA • ' ll\
(1 :: :: • : • . (1 tl . 1 11 -
' I \
• ,\ ll
.......6..\LL:L.
W:Osiffiro' Marpie Works.
if
_.I3TOWHLL, JR., baying iiirchated the
1 . 'interest of, P. C. Haig, the busixibss wilt
now he
conducted 'ander the name of H. Stowell,
Jr. do Co.
All descriptions of marble work executed to
he entire satisfaction of customers. •
MONUMENTS OBELISKS AND HEAD-
- STONES,
of the latest and moat approved styles. We,will
also •furnish to order, _ •
MANTELS, TABLE' TOPS,• SODA
FOUNTAINS,
_did aQ kinds ofwork pertaining to the hneinese.
We
intend to do kr work in a manner tha t
,will
defy competition : — • - •• - •- - - •
• H. STOWELL, JR., k CO. ,
, Welfeboro;A . Oril 2, 1866. - - -
WHOLESALE MBE, ,
- coRNING,--
• 1 -- t - RUGS AND MEDICINES PAINTS
AND OILS,
CONCEN
TRiTED
CINNATI WINES 'AND
win is
' WASH LIME,
KEROSENE ,- LAMPS, PATENT MEDI
VETIIOLEIIIII' OIL,
ROCIIESfER PER. •
FIIMERI'
- , •
AND FLAVoIt ING-iXTRAOTS, WALL
PAPER, WINDQW GLASS,
' AND DYE'DDLORp,
=old at WhOlesaleyriees. , “ Bayer. are requested.
to eta' 'bprore toing-furtber
' D.
.
Corning. N. T., Jaz. 1 . , 1866-IS'
Hand .P.ower LoOml,'-lritented 1865.
• •
ALL Retsina, Interested in the production of practi
. c machinery into our country, are requested to
investigate the merits of - -„
HENDERSON'S HAND POWER LOOM
This loom will do all kinds of•hand weaving.
It will weave jeans, blankets, plain cloth, satinet,
kersey, flannel , seamless sack, double width blankets.
or any'kind of cotton, wool. or flax cloth. It treads th
treadles, throws the shuttle, lets off the web, and takes
up tbecleth. It makes the upper shed as the batten
tomes forward, and beats up the filling after the cross
is made, making better cloth and better selvage than
can be made in any other way.
It is _the only hand loom that is. 'sluitable
for weaving wool,
at rib loom that makes all the shed as the ba ten goes
back, will weave wool satisfactorily. .
It has no strings to stretch and get out of older ; bas
treadles at both sides of the loom, making the shed
complete at both sides.
This loom is made to weave the different kinds of
cloth, by simply changing the pine that make the op.
per shed.
Township rights for sale. Call at Mainshnrg, Tioga
county, Pa., Sod see a fall sized loom in operation. Or
ders for looms solicited. LEWIS WETMORE,
Mainsburg, May 2, '662-ly A. P. PACKARD.
SAVE YOUR 'GREENBACKS!
. _
' ' AND CALL OFTEN AT
Nast,,S,r, Auerbach
- .
CHEAP CASH STORE, --
ELOSSBURG. PA., ' • -
' Where you can always find ,the best assorted
stock of
'DOMESTIC i&—FANCY-JDRY ..GOODS * ,
CLOTHS, NOTIONS, ,READY'-
_.i
•~MADE C LOTIiING,
Manufactured'under their-own supervision.
4/so Cents' furnishing - goods,
In ibeir merchant tailoring establishment they defy
competition ; haying the beet tailors of New York city,
and an etperienced cutter, hir..,E.P. Erwin. ifeb2l6oly
NEW , SPRING GOODS
AT REDUCED PRICES.
Great Inducements to the Public
Nt/i having a big /took of OLD GOODS to
shove off at auction, I am enabled to take
advautage of the Oresi3nt s jow iirldiajand am rea
dy to aupplyihe public with seploadid otock of
NEW SPRING DRY GOODS, LATEST
Styles, purchased to accommodate thimar ,
kat.
`Particular attention is directed to my de
sirable stock of Ladies' DRESS GOODS,
Alpaccas, Pcipline,Trinte, Detainee; 80c.,
Added to which I ain - ciffering a large
aril splendid stock of
GROCERIES, BOOTS and• SHOES, HATS
• ,
aiiii - CAPS. &c., &c., &c., &e.,
at prices to suit the 1,000,V00 . , at Osioed's
old stiipd, Wellsboro, Pa.
C. B. KELLEY.
Aprit4,lBB6.,
FFOR; 'SALE.—A farm of 125 acres or
X thereabouts is offered for:sale, situate trvie
miles from Welleboro, ;the, county seat of this.
county, and on the directrond to the lumbering
districts of Pine , Creek. There is about sixty
acres improved, with a good house and barn, and
a number of good springs of water. The timber
land Is covered with valuable timber, and the lo
cation for one that wishes - a good farm near a
thriving and enterprising village cannot ho stir.
passed. For further particulars, no to price,
terms, &c., apply to C. E."BreWster; Wellsboro, or
te% the subscriber 'at Cortting,'Stenben. • Cb.. N. Y.,
March 7, 18611-tr. J.' W. GUERNSEY.-•
ESEME
WELLSBORO, JTJLY 1866.
1 ~itiect Vottrg.
Is therErno grand immortal sphere , •
Beyond this realm of broken ties,
:To fill,the wants that us here,
. And dry the tears from weeping eyes,
Where winter melts in endless spring,_
And June e lands near with.deallitqs? flowers,
Where we may hear the dear ones sing
Who loved ue in this world of ours ?
I ask, and DO my cheeks are wet
- With tears, far nue I cannot see; •
01 mother ; art t jeu living yet,
And dolt thou 'still remember me?'
X feel thy kisses o'er toe thrill,,
Thou unseen angel . of my life;
T bear thy hymns around me trill ' 33- .7.4
' An-undertone to care and istrife,l-33 r t • td
Thy tender eyes atm, me shine,—
' • As from a being-glorified;
Till lam thine. and thou art-mine-: - :4 • •-
• .And I forget that thou bast
/. almost-lose each vain regret ,
• In visions of a life to be';,"
But, =flier, theit living. yet,: -
Aruidost thou still remeieber reel_ .
'The Spiingtimes blorito, the Stunmere fade,
The Wititers blur' along my way;
Bet over every light and shade,
Thy mem'ry live; by *IA and day,:
It a►otlies to sleep my wildest
Like some seTeLsoug that cannot die,
ked, like the murmur of the main,
Grows deeper when the stnrib '
I kpow the brightest stars that set
Return b. bless the yearning sea t - • •
But, moth, rf art thou hying yet,_, -
And.dost thou still remember me ? .
.-
i7ri .
sometimPe think thy ,aeuLoomes b.tek
' From o'er the dark pud , k lent.etrani.
Where
-fait we wjatehml thy shualhg, traek
To those green hills of wh , ch - -ice dream ; •
Thy loving arms arnond_me
My oheekkel,loow younger in thy brefith,
Till thou art mine and I am thine,
Withott°a thought of pain tir•desth;
#lttlyet, --
Al times, mine eyes are wet - , •
g 'kith tors for her I cannot ace
- 91 Moilier, art thou living yet,
And dost•fherratill remember me?
Friend Cobb :—The three priueipal
points froM Which _trains start with
freight for the different Territories, are
Atchison aint Leaven Worth - Kansas,
and Omaha, Nebraska; The freighting
• is,mostly done' by mule and ox. teams ;
the former generally reaching the moun
tains in thirty days, the latter requiring
:twice that length of time to make the
same journey. Thiity-fiVe to forty bun
-died is the average load for a four mule
'team and .fifty. to' sixty hundred will
be drawn.ou one wagon, by five or six
yoke of oxen. When a train stops for
the night, a corral is ibrmed by:placing
the Wagons 'in a circle, in which the-an
imals can ;be secured if danger is appre•
hended ;,.:if: not, they , are ; allowed to
graze on the prairie, in charge, of herd
ers.
Few persons in the'East• have a' true
idea of-the amount of freight , taken in
this way from the States to the far West,
Often three or-four hundred wagons will
'pass a given point in a single day; load
ed With heavy' machinery;'which, if
destined for the mines in the northweSt,
has in this way - tobe - transported more
than two-thousand • miles, over moue=
tains.audplains; or currying provisions
to those who, down deep below the sur
face of the earth, are wresting frOni their
rocky beds the ores nom which the pre
cious metal is Procured.- --
The country from Atchison to Fort
Kearney, is a rolling, prairie, with no
settlements 'a fter'reavingßaiisas, except
_the - dwelling's of the ranchemen, which
are'twelveor fifteen miles apart, and
who must lead a lonely life, thus isola
ted from each other,- but -who reap a
golden haqest from the-sale ofhay and}
grain to the freighter and emigrant.—
Cottouwood,honeylocust, elm and wil
low grow along. the; main streams, but
on o;te,,upland not a tree or bush is to be
seen = • •
When we reached the , Platte, we saw:
the:first of the adobe or earthen houses,
which,ara extensively used in all parts
of tlns far West, - Where other building
; materials cannot be readily proem red.—
Theprairie sod is cutiu square blocks,
and 10.1 up with sad mortar, to a height
of tea and thickness of three feet. Posts
support the horiiontal beams, on which
-a tier of logs are laid, and on hem, first,
grass "An-bushes, . and -then a thick layer
of earthis.placed over all, which fortus
the roof- Large buildings are in this
way made,,:With less than a' hundred
feet of lumbar, and when completed are
both comfortable and durable.
. The river at - the fort is more, than a
Mile, h ;width, though in dry, weather
la very low,; but now the melting of
the. snow 'on 'the mountains tilled its
banks,: and concealed the numerous
Sandbars. ' • -• '
I,be route lies along the main Stream
tiFaliOt, two hundred miles, and - then
divides—one branch leading up' the
South 'Fork to Denver and the Colorado
mines, - the other up the North Fork,
through Bridger's Pass, to - Salt Lake
and the Mon tana and Idaho mines. ' •
:When, about half way across the
plat ng, we - came to the first of . the prai
rie-dog villages, which often extend for
miles along ;the line of travel. Their
bodies are off alight brown-nolor, about
a foot in length, and four inches in
height. Whervan.object attracts their
attention, they :will sit upright , the
Wounds , of earth around their holes,
and-look with apparently as much in
terest at•the intruder as they are of in.
tereat to him.' The naturalist disputes
the-oft-made statement, • that ;the dog,
Owl' and rattlesnake occupy the same
burrow, or if so, only by using the grea
ter rower one may have over 'the other;
using:iis proof the opposite nature of
each,-which would prevent their living
together in peace.' If he is right, many
are wrong •, for every person 1 have ask
ed in regard to it, who has been- much
among them anti given it his attention,_
saYs'iney do-live together through in
clination, and not by force of power. .1
have-watched them closely, when they
were .net, aware of my presence, and
have seen the dog and owl sitting on
the same mound, and seen the rattle
snake enter-the hole by their side. "
.However dissimilar their natures may
be, when placed in different localities.
the associations of a lifetime overcome
their otheiwise destructive habits, ;and"
they can thus live together in unify and
peace.; , The same Power that placed
them where they are, without a rock or
tree untlerWhich ro find shelter, would
not leave , them without some adequate
protectiou..-Land only in the burrow of
ART THOU LIVING YET P
=I
OLfirrespontitte.
PROM COLORADO
• • .
ODT'TALJ.PERJECA.,I , I 9 / 1 8, (00i. T. ,)
, Juue 13, 1866.
• -
the dog can that, protectiOn be found.
Two years ago the' Indian 4; to the
number 'of about ten thonsan cl,' swept
down the plains, and, with the excep
tion of- two or three government posts,
too strong to be captured, destroyed ev
ery building for nearly three hundred
miles along the river. A few have been
re-built, but the blackened walls of the
rancheman's' home are often met, and
three or four rude head boards near by
point to the spot Where the dwellers of
that '
_home who had fallen beneath the
tomahawk of the savages, had been laid
-by the hands of strangers. Several
trains were captured; the men belong
ing to them in-every instance being kill
ed and scalped. In one place we came
to-where a large train had been taken,
:Kid the Mutilated bodies of the men
afterwards buried by our troops. I ne
ver-saw anythint -, ,50 lonely as was that
- Singlegrave, where fife bodies of more
'than thirty men reposed, who at one
moment were full of health and hope,
• and the next were bleeding victims of
at vage warfare. _
- But-however much We may condemn
and deplore the spirit that causes the In
,dians to break the treaties so often made
.withbur Government, we cannot blame
,them so much for violating their prom
ises, -when we remember thb many in
juriesthey have received at the hands
of the;whites. By the rough, self-willed
class of men that always precedes true
,civilizatioti, to cheat an Indian is be
lieved to be a duty—and to kill one a
meritorious act. And the troubles which
led to the -massacres on the plains, as
'well as those in Minnesota, were chiefly
caused by the Government agents com
pelling the Indians to receive paper cur
rency or nothing in place of the specie
that they had been accustomed to re
ceive as annuities from our Government.
Driven from their best h u n tinggrounds,
-cheated by the trader, and defrauded by
the agents of the Government that has
promised to protect them in their rights
it strange that their unforgiving na
ture is at times aroused, and that the
freighter, rancheman, or emigrant, is
the object on which they wreak their
savage vengeance?,
The Government is now trying to
forma treaty with the. ,Sioux, Arapa
hoe's and Cheyennes, at Fort Laramie;
but however often and Solemn their
treaties may be made,--they will as often
be broken, so long as the Indian is in
fluenced by : ' those, whose cupidity and
self.-interest are greater than theirnse
of duty ; and deeds of violence will at
times be committed by them until their
racediecomes extinct, or is blended with
-that of the,white.
Government posts, mostly garrisoned
by regular troops, are 'stationed at dif
ferent points on the road, to guard a
gainst incursions of the Indians. At
Julesburg is one; but this is guarded by
parts of two regiments, which were
formcd by prisoners taken during the
win-, and who, when enlisted in. our ar
tily, were sent to the plains for duty.
And very unwillingly isthgt duty done.
Until President Johnson came into pow
er, they proved worthy of the uniform
they wore, but since then have t eon
growing worse, in proportion as his pol
icy has been developed. • Many have de
serted, and others are following when
ever an opportunity is offered.- Several
with whom I have conversed are as
open rebels as were ever met marshaled
under the stars and bars—are confident
the South will yet get " her rights,"
and exult in the belief that our Presi
dent:will in some way restore to the
South her lost power. Thus his strange
volley toWardS • rebels and- traitors has
its influence with' those who have re
nounced their allegiance to a cause
which they are now trying to uphold.
After leaving Julesburg, we entered
on the great sand plains - , or American
Desert, as it is called in the old maps.—
For more than one hundred and fifty
miles, we went westward without see
ing a, tree or bush. Along the river liot
tom, where the g,rountris moistened by
water' rom•that strewn, the grass grows
sufficient to support the teams; but
away from that, there is nothing to
break the monotony of the plain, except
the cactus and wildsage bush. At times
the wind sweeps across these plains of
yellow sand with the force of a simoon,
renderg seeing impossible, and breath
ings matter of secondary consideration.
At last we reached Denver, which is
situated on Cherry creek, at its conflu
ence with toe Platte, twelve miles front
the foot of the Rocky Mountains, and
six hundred and . forty miles from the
'Missouri river.
It was -on Cherry creek, about, two
miles from the present town, that a few
pioneers in 1859 found the precious met
al, accounts of which sent thousands
Surging westward; many only to meet
with disappointments, and few to real
ize the hopes of sudden wealth, which
they here expectedlo meet. But others
were ready to take their placei; and
even now, as then, the mountains are
full of men trying to find the rich de
posits of gold, which they ever believe
to be within their reach.
Gold in great quantities is in the maim
tains ; but to procure it, a -great outlay
of capital is necessary before any per
manent profits can be received in return.
The old method of placer or gulch min
ing, which was done by washing the
sand in which particles of gold were de
poSited by mountain torrents during,
past ages, is now but little followed;
the best of such deposits being exhaust
ed, and the miner prefers to work for
established companies, where, if the
pay ishot as large at times; •it is more
sure and lasting.
' Nearly all the gold -now produced is
extracted from the quartz, which is
found in veins lying at all angles, and
varying in thickness from a few inches
to three or four feet. The quartz is
placed where cylindrical shaped weights
of about 200 pounds weight rise and fall
by means of a lever power, and reduce
the Stone tO a powder; a stream of wa
ter carries•it over an amalgam of quick
silver, which retains the pure pay icies
of gold, and those having any foreign
substance adhering to them are carried
off in the tailings. The dust thus saved
was formerly taken to the East as it was
found, but is now smelted into bars at
Denver, before being forwarded to the
U. S. Mint. Colorado ores are proved
to be the richest in the world, being
three carats finer than any of the mines
farther west. Two of the principal
mines in Central City, the chief point
of minin g interest in .the Territory, of
ten yield from two to three hundred
ounces of gold each week. A new pro
cess to reduce the ore is about being a
dopted, wilich is performed by heating
the ores, and then submitting them to
a - chemical process, by which it is claim
ed all the gold can be saved, as well as
enough of the silver, which is mingled
more or less in all ores, to pay the ex
pense of mining. If the process proves
a success, and it is believed Alvin, sixty
per cent. of the gold, which under the
crushing process is lost, will be saved,
besides the expense of extracting the
pure from the baser metals.
Denver, though of but six years'
growth, contains over seven thousand
inhabitants, with a floating population
nearly as large. It is a general rendez
vous for all comers from the States,
whether they stop only long enough to
rest and refit before continuing on their
journey to more distant mines, or whe
ther they intend to remain there or in
the vicinity.
The town is well laid out, has sub
stantial brick blocks in its business por
tion, and contains many private resi
dences that would be. a credit to any
eastern city.
Colorado has had her share of the
troubles every State or Territory is sub
jected to when first settled. The war
took- three thousand men from home,
many more went to Montana and Ida
ho, the Indians destroyed communica
tion with the States, the locusts for two
years in succession destroyed the crops,
and the class of people that did come
were mostly consumers, instead of pro
ducers. But these are things of the
past; and the steady stream of emi
grants arriving, and the increased acti
vity in every departmenti of business,
give hopes of a better State in the future.
The present population of the Terri
tory is about 50,000, and a careful esti
mate shows there are more than 60,000
acres of cereals, growing, which if al
lowed to mature, the supply of bread
stufrs will be nearly or quite equal to the
demand, and need not be brought from
the States, as it now is, nor command
the exorbitant prices it now does. All
that is now needed to insure continued
prosperity, is to push up the railroad
from the Missouri to the mountains. A
third - of the road will be laid this fall,
and when completed, the " City of the
Plains" will become the Palmyra of the
West. The higher mountain ranges in
tercept the storm clouds, and on the
plains but little rain falls at any season
of the year ; and all land that is culti
vated must be along some stream, from
which an unfailing supply of water can
be obtained to irrigate it. A large ditch,
having a descent of three feet to the
mile, leads from the stream beds around
the cultivated fields, and from this small
parallel ditches about one hundred feet
apart carry the water over the surface.
The soil is very fertile; and where
enough water can be procured, the yield
is very large. Forty and even fifty bush
els of wheat, and one hundred bushels
of oats per acre, is not an unusual yield,
dud sometimes it is much larger. On
the lower ranges of hills in the deep
canons, and on the ridges between the
larger creeks, grows a poor quality of
yellow pine, which is cut and sawed
where it-grows, and furnishes the only
building material-herensed where wood
is required. Timber for mending or
making wagons is brought from the
States. A tramp of one hundred and
thirty miles to the south of Denver,
brought to the Mexican town of Pur
ebla, on.the Arkansas, and over a thou
sand miles above its jlnction with the
Mississippi at I`Tapole
On our way down we passed close to
Pike's Peak, seventy miles south from
Denver, and that, like Long's Peak,
forty miles to the north—the - former
over 13,000, and the latter over 18,000
feet above the level of the sea, and are
covered with perpetual snow and ice.—
Owing to the great elevittiou of the
country, 'and conseqUetit rarity of the
atmosphere, objects can be discerned at
a much greater distance than when near
er the ocean.
We first saw Pike's and Long's Peak,
When on the plains one hundred and
sixty miles from their base. The ri , -ing
sun, shining on their snow-capped sum
mits, made them look like twcf great
domes of silver. The country here is
much the same as it is farther north',
only vegetation is more advanced; and
many shrubs and plants are here met
with, I never before saw. Among them
are three or four species of cactus; one
kind attains a height of six or seven feet,
with many branches radiating from a
stem five or six inches in diameter.—
Very many kinds of wild flowers dor,
and in some places cover the prairie,
and fill the air with fragrance from their
many colored blossoms. The residents
here are Mostly Mexicans, who live
along the larger streams, where the lit
tle land they cultivate can be easily ir
rigated, and where a constant supply of
water and grass can be found for their
herds of grass and sheep, that are here
raised in great numbers. A. Vrench
man, named Maxwell, living in New
Mexi.co, is the owner of more than a
million sheep, and half as many horses
and cattle. Their adobe houses are
made of sun-dried brick, with a flat roof,
the earth for a. floor, and a hole in the
wall for a window. A few have adopt
ed the American mode of farming, and
use the implements our skill has pro
duced ; but as a class they adhere to
that mode of life to which they have
always been accustomed, and are slow
to adopt anything that may cause them
to depart from it. C. A . -DEANE.
istellauenus.
THE GALLOWS
Remarkable Rseapes of Condemned Fe
lons—Resuscitation of the Hanged—
the Cruelty of the Gibbet—lmprove
ments in the-Modern Gallows—its Vic
tims are less likely to Escape.
We take the following from the. Phil
adelphia Bulletin, at the instance of a
friend who regards it as of importance
to the American people, just at this
time, that they should know how many
chances of escape are open to Jell Da
vis, always supposing that he shall be
tried, convicted, and hanged. It is a
very interesting record.—[En.
We do not, as a nation, hang as many
culprits as in bygone years. We may
by-and-by Cease to infliet this awful
punishment at all. But so long as the
Law, and religion, and justice, and pub
lic sentiment aro. considered to warrant
the continuance of this ancient mode of
retribution, so long ought there to be no
mockery, no mistake, - no trickery about
it. If a man survives after hanging,
without a proof of his innocence accom
panying -his recovery, it would be infi
nitely- better to society, of hi., wretched
self we say nothing,' that he had not
been hanged at all; seeing that the sense
of just punishment would be swat towed
up in a kind of pity for the novelty of
his position.
Now such things have occurred, sulli
ciently often to merit attention. Men
JOBBING DEPARTMENT,
IMMI
Tho Proprietors have stocked the establ I Almon t with
a tug° assortment of modern styles
JOB AND CARD TYPE
and are prepared to ezecnto neatly, and promptly
POSTERS, HANDBILLS,CIRCUL.IRS, CARDS; BILL
- HEADS, LETTER ITEA_DS, STATEMENTS,
TOWNSIue ORDERS; ,tc., &c.
Deeds, 31ortgages, Leases, anc; a lull assortment of
Constabies' and Justices' Blanks, constantly on hand.
People living at a distance can depend on having their
work done promptly, and sent back in return mail.
NO. 28.
ta-OincE—roy'J block, Second. lilot,c
'have recovered their lives, or rather ra
tained life under nearly desperate cir
cumstances, in spite of what seemed to
be a due infliction of thepunishment of
death by suspension. Something of
this possibility of escape was owing to
the mode in which the punishment was
usually inflicted ; and to many it may
probably be unknown that a change has
been made in recent times in the con
struction and arrangement of the appa
ratus for carrying out the last great pen
alty of the law.
tor something like siX hundred years,
at any rate, such escapes have from time
to time been recorded. In 1264 there
was a woman named Inetta de Balsh
am condemned to death for collusion
with robbers ; she was hanged, and re
mained on the gibbet (if the records of
the time are to be trusted) no less than
three clays, and yet she survived to re
ceive pardon from Henry 111.
In 1313, Matthew of Enderby was
hanged for some crime of which he had
been convicted. He was eat down, and
revived just before the body was about
to be interred. In 1363, Walter Wyn
keburn was hanged at Leicester; when
cut down, he was carried in a cart to the
cemetery of the Holy Sepulcher in that
city; he gradually regained sensibility
while the cart was rumbling along, and
escaped with life. Similar cases occur
red in the fifteenth and sixteenth cen
turies. The seventeenth century was
exceptionably full of such instances.
Dr: Plot mentions the strange lot of a
Swiss, on the authority of Dr. Obadiah
'Walker, master of University College.
This man is said to have been hung no
less than thirteen times, without losing
his life, his windpipe having been con
verted by disease into a substance al
most as hard as bone.
No instance has been so much discuss
ed and written about as that of Anne
Greene, which took place during the
time of the Commonwealth. Judges
and physicians alike referred to it, as
affording illustrations for or against le
gal and medical testimony. This poor
girl was executed at .Marston, in Ox
fordshire, on December 14, 1650, for in
fanticide—a charge which could only be
proved against her by much straining
of the law. This severity and a know
ledge of the wrong she had suffered in
other ways, made her an object of much
public sympathy. The hanging was
accompanied' by certain coarse and
shocking pullings and strikings of the
body and limbs, which, in those days,
were supposed to i nsu re more effectually
the death of the victim, and to lessen
the period of suffering.
After hanging the usual time she was
cut down, actually trampled on while
prostrate, and left with the rope un-_
slacked around her neck. She was put
into a coffin and consigned to the doc
tors for dissection. To the surprise of
all, when the coffin was opened, the bo
som was seen gently to heave; upon
which brutal blows and pressure were
brought into requisition. The incident
was too remarkable, however, to remain
concealed, and men of superior position
took up the matter. Sir "William Petty,
Dr. Wallis, and Dr. Clarke, who at that
time filled the three offices of Professor
of Anatomy, President of Magdalene
College, and Vice Chancellor of Oxford
University, being present at the inten
ded dissection, perceived that the heav
ing of the bosom was followed by a
slight rattling in her throat.
" Hereupon," said Dr. Plot, " desist
ing from their former purpose, they
presently used means for her recovery
by opening a vein, laying her in a warm
bed, and using divers remedies respect
ing her senselessness, on her head, her
throat, and her chest; insomuch that
within fourteen hours she began to
speak, and the next day talked and
prayed heartily. During the time of
this her recovering, the officers concern
ed. in her execution would needs have
had her away again to have it comple
ted on her; but by the mediation of the
worthy doctors and some other friends,
with the then Governor of the city, Col.
Kelsey, there was a guard set upon her
to hinder all further disturbance till he
had sued out her pardon from the pow
ers then in being; thousands of people
in the meantime coming to see her, and
magnifying the just Providence of God
in thus asserting her innocence of mur
der."
It is not stated by Dr. Plot whether
the medical men satisfied themselves
concerning the cause, anatomical or
physiological, of her preservation; but
they sought to ascertain whether there
was any peculiar mental phenomena
connected with her recovery. They
found that the half-hour of hanging
had left no special impression on her
memory.
"She came to herself as if she had
awakened out of a sleep—not recover
ing the use of her speech by slow de
grees, but in a manner altogether—all at
once—beginning to speak where sheleft
off on the gallows."
Among all the printed narratives of
this remarkable case, there is none that
offers a clear explanation; and we are
left to our surmises on the subject.—
There was a strong religious bias in the
public mind at that period; and this
feeling led to a belief in the direct inter
position of Heaven in Anne Green's
favor.
The under graduates of Oxford Uni
versity viewed the matter in another
light ; they sought to exercise their wit
and poetry on it; and there have been
preserved twenty or thirty epigrams
written by them, and signed with their
names, one of which was "Mr. Chris
topher Wren." Anne Green, having
received a pardon after this strange re
suscitation, retired with her friends to
Steeple Barton, where she married, had
a family, and died in 1650.
Somewhere about the same period,
one Gordon, a highwayman, was con
demned for execution. He found means,
when his sentence was no longer doubt
ful, to obtain the aid of a young sur
geon, who, shortly before the execution,
fixed a small tube through an opening
cut in the windpipe. The artifice failed
in its intended effect in this case; the
culprit being a very heavy man, drew
with too much weight; he breathed for
a few minutes, when removed after
hanging, but did not recover.
In 1755, a female servant was hanged
for sonic crime at Oxford; she was kept
hanging a longer time than usual, prob
ably on account of the wonderful resus
citation of Anne Green a few years be
fore. She was cut down, and the body
allo:ved-to fall to the ground with much
violence, yet she lived ; but the severity
of the law insisted upon her undergo
ing a second and more fatal hanging.—
There - has, it appears, been a difference
of opinion among legal authorities con
cerning this double infliction of the
sentence. Seine contend that if a man
is hanged, that is enough; if the exe
cutioners do their work clumsily, he
AND FAST PRESSES,