:j'' ........:., ~, . . ' .-k: • . . . '•?'.l ..i . Mir 111110. arl • a .• ••• a -) a V 1 - • -V• A , . • .. a A • :.:., . . ;. . . PRESJYTF RIAN B ..,,.. ) uliß i ._ & . ADVOCAT, ..: ... ..,,,,. ..„...,.. 0 .....1:- . ' ~ .. . , ....:: • - - ''' c ar te s lan Banner, at. Eras 93. teian Advocate. Vol. BM, Bob tad " ONE THING IS NEEDFUL:" "ONE THING HAV D'.' '._ -DESIRED OF THE LORD:" "THIS ONE THING I DO." . - WHOLE N' . .,:-- • i VID MeKINNEY, Editor and Proprietor. PUBLICATION OFFICE, GAZETTE BUILDING, .F • ~ -. 4.'-: STREET, ABOVE SMITHFIELD, PITTSBURGH, PA • /0 4' „..... ..::- - • . . .. . , RIES.—IN ADVANCE. FOR THE -- WEEK ENDING 'S' - '- •-•,:.4 UR” fp . t •':' :,:... ... _... .. . . . , . .... ' :4„... .... . . - •.. : ''-.. . ::. 0 rigin al Ole r'. I ,i, , lazy, and to train up such as are weak. sinners ; .ou'i. natures are corrupt ; our hearts t you shall be sav 4 -;,:, Read Rom., chapters w The family is the true Nursery of the at enmity. with God ; and our actual - trans- vi. and vii.; Ps. ."' ..r.i : Luke ay. ;- and. Hymn Alv Church. Every household altar that is set gressions flow from, the corrupt fountain lasi. of our - Psal i i :••;. d Hymns. . .ar lup in the land, is' a, fresh defence against within .us; they are. but the outward mani- : . With. h regard, ail ..... . . - ' _ . . ~, festations of the inherent depravity of 'our •- : ':',.. . YOURS, TRULY. A' - ..• natures. .51f • - ;-thrn , ~• .;,•• , ' Prom our LO , ,',•. Correspondent. Ali ,tr Our CriMinals—The' ~ ~;:- -. Bells—The Model Prison Jr —BS Bondage and i.-;411-; , -The Masked Prisoners . Alf :flu —Their Daily Y'. Their Bniploynieat—The ar . tin Banker turned Ta .' ~"..! - Robson • Driven -Afad AM. .;tht Chaplains, and .u: .„ J ,':- .eu 7 - 7 Renew, ga al , of-Trans- . 115 1 ; '': ha, portatiorseiogia :, , . .? ad its Moral Miasma— . Popular Ignorant ':.., ucation, and Reformato :: -- , tin - rieo—GeorgolV. a :'^ 7 - "; Era—Present Contrasts- ... • . •,' .--:-The Landon :Ma; .' ouses—Their Architecture tor thankful in joy, for a heart that can love and Accamniodati, ' .' "est 'End, CO; • elad - Zit-i , or .., Bestower of gifts, and his gifts can improve, - Terence, •ft— , erary Clubs—The ~-i , ;., Club—War,• - inPosia- t : , t o f • . thankful, indeed, in prosperity's hour,. bade God speed to tun Victory and Slangi ,-.- Francs. Joseph at .Milan . A. ye be not ensnared by the world'swily:pow'r, • -General -- AMMO', ~Coniregei timid' traiiis* , Atli its. own place." In t h is 'oonnox.ion, ___ . • , ankful in sorrow, for heavenly light, _Nom Arciibiskop (/,' :. , ris-Dea th - : 1 Russell cited from . the Sabbath. School wantau b ,- kurst—The . DeTtiso ••- i. ase-,"•Morkilit :Poses" .vol .. - darkness and coldness the stars are most Teachers' Report , - the -remark. of Hugh holiness - in a mora l . 140+....-.., Advice - ThrOsenAM,,_i - Broad Church, - dud Mr. :it :,: ' : right,, Miller, which refered to the Sabbath School 'Sin consists in'the - wrong 'State in ~--. Maurice—BishoPs • .- ! , .z. - eter and Chichester— _ ,arr .- i.... . , as rather a reflection upon Christian parents and " affections, as well la's -in open sets of 1. Beene at Brighton. , :: ..--:. • 'ltel . - •• Aar iankful for all things, as God is your guide, _, _,_,__ ___ „,• ~ 4 . . . ~. . - ~14, . • .i\ .'-'..''-..-. i --- --,: :.: -...-.,:, .t,iter.:,cuzin r;olriiilB. 7 --„.., •or ~..._ ~ so kindly directs whatever betide; - i . l , ,• , 1.• i • - ' -"'''';':'''''''''"•''''''• • ' '' ' ' ';'• •': '''' '' ' ;1,. -4- .....: :. • " t.l ' t.".•••'.•:'. ''. .. •• t. • :'°' his grace and his love no measure. can know, : • . • .41, l!'• . : ..... .lit''-.• .lea, i . .. , 7.:.';;'7- - ' they sorrow or joy yourcup overflow;., . - • i i''''rt,' .7. 'b''' hankful for pretises, -, iaeny.iiniiiresk - •:, , .. , - : . -, - ,-.., • Ito , ch meet every trial, which suit every state; • 'thankful that God in.all things you may find, ad ••••'. lie •<r , o . all things in God, when to sorrow resigned. es; s-- 4. le ," at 1 B. W. H. ..,- 4 y, ~ _. t f: A ' . .• . ~ V, 0 . -.•••.. I)ei 4. ' . 1 rizr C . , en: •:: ne: ;, rgi al Thi e pt , ey • rei , !nt, - is • elf 's 's t ii ha er "I'l 7tl ', I . , s I atl at • . al m I e. 41 ] .-: 1 13 -a ' 0 .. . . , t ~D 1 )pin t '' , lt '; nbt • ,-' rest : .tim ins tin Sal. •:. , ftr •'intf par oh a.' . r. •, t ' g 1 !, ' :•:in l e ' 7 1 f t : e:; - ' • - ' ep •• - , 1 - 'la .. • , 11 .set 'whi , e ..00) `'bat • ye , ! te kit 1, 01 g. • :n, :n ,• '!, 8t n 1 inn+ , 1 t ' t: ..t... ,-- ti -, ....A i ',. 1 :: ' .••-:.:, :• :•-" • :•:-•,•-• • le ~ c„. • ..- :• t .• 7it I rd it )1 er be r ut he lei , of , re 'Bl ,es .hi ,-n , . . ft i of of Be Thankful Popish aggression. The rights and the • duties of servants, as truly members of the mkful for sickness, be thankful for health, family, is another branch of the, subject, iankful for poverty, thankful for wealth; well deserving to be considered by itself. lonian' for friends, and be thankful for foes, The state of the working classes, both male kankful for joys, and be thankful for woes ; and female, as to dwellings and hours of iaukful for coldness, or Sympathy's flame, labor, must be seen to if this subject is td ankful in turn for both censure and fame ; be fairly grappled with. He trusted that the Ankful for ease, and be thankful for care, Presbytery would not rest satisfied with tankful for patience your trials to bear. sending an overture to the General As sembly; but would make the godly upbring ing of families the- subject of familiar con ference, and of persevering endeavor. - He bade God speed to the Sabbath School in its own place." In this connexion, Dr. Russell cited from the Sabbath School Teachers' Report, the remark of Hugh Miller, which refered to the Sabbath School as rather a reflection upon Christian parents and relatives, and implying a neglect of their proper work. In reply to this, a Ruling Elder, Mr. Balfour, in supporting,thelrinsmission of the overture, said, its object Was not designed to depreciate or undervalue the invaluable services of their Sabbath School teachers, whose zeal and de votedness in their work could not be too highly commended; nor was it at all designed to under value the good which Sabbath Schools had done, or rudely or violently to interfere with or super sede the present Sabbath School instruction; but when they consider that the present system of Sabbath School instruction was very much going in the direction of superseding parental instruc tion, which they could never supply the place of, it was, he thought, time that the Church should awaken and take some measures to bring back the country to the good old way of Scriptural in struction.to which Dr. Begg had referred. Bab.' bath Schools had in some sense, they might say, created the evil which they were meant to meet; for, instead of children being now more generally taught by their parent's religibus instruction, the very reverse was the case. The great mass of people now Batisfied'thelr conscience with the ex istence of Sabbath Schools, and with sending their children to be taught in them, instead of discharging their duty themselves. This deliverance we'hold to be most judi cious and excellent, as it is also timely for Scotland and for us. The labor-saving ap paratus of modern times, carries even into the Church a disposition to shift personal duties upon Societies, and the numerous agencies of the day, so as to threaten, at length, to do all the duties of religion by machinery—like 'the heathen method, turn ing out prayers by the whdel ! Is it not, also, -worth our while to inquire, and even to overture to the General Assembly, how far the neglect of family religion, and-fami ly Catechetical instruction, prevails among us ; and what are the causes and occasions, and what are the proper remedies? Would not the proper application of this inquiry extend to the case of SERVANTS, and lay down a rule on this subject that would bear upon all.households, North and South, as to the duties of Christian households, in giving them religious instruction ? Might it not even reach the case of Christian employers, as respects their duty to the s employees 'more immediately cast upon their responsibility ? And if the good old method of Family Cate chising and Religious Instruction and Devo tion could be extensively revived among us, -Shoals rviritot see'the — Stibliath - Sehool mote amply supported in its place, and, bringing forth more abundant fruits for Christ, for the Church, and for the country ? The Sabbath School at HOMr would lead to an appreciation of the Sabbath School at Cauxou. The parental instructions on the Sabbath would bring about daily exercises, more or less, in keeping with them, and in preparation for them; and thus these plants of the Lord would spring, as the grass—as willows by the water-courses. J. For the Presbyterian Banner and Advocate. Hints on Sabbath Schools. NO. 111. have presented, in two preceding :rs, the relation of Sabbath Schools, iperly understood and conducted, to ihurcic—called for by the Baptismal :ant, as a convenient and important ;y in the hands of the Church, for dis sing its obligation in the instruction of shildren. ie great objection felt in many minds to whole system of Sabbath Schools, ex for the ignorant and destitute, is, that tend to supersede the higher work of tntal religious instruction. This, we t, is an abuse which often'occuri; but in no way chargeable upon the system Z. The Church, plainly, has a duty in respect to perform to her children, and the world without. The parent has also and her duty to discharge. Both are re site and obligatory. Neither can dis rge the other's. The Church cannot, by best appointed agencies, do what the mt can. Nor can the parent dispense h the Churah'S' agency. And God has ained both, as not too much; but each its sphere, charged with its own appro ate operation. [n this Christian land of ours, the Bab- - di School system has achieved its grand results. How far it has oontributed to ke parents careless about their duty in parting religious instruction to their• chil m, and households, cannot easily be de mined. In the Scottish churches, the family techizing is a time-honored and noble Ititution, which is justly held dear, and lously guarded. We think the recent oussion of the subject of sufficient intep to our chances, to iextract the followttry FREE PRESBYTERY OF EDINBURGH. FAMILY OATRCHETIOAL INSTRUCTION. Begg moved the transmission of the fol ing overture:— It is humbly overtured, by the Presbytery of burgh, that the General Assembly shall labor sstore and make universal the wholesome Aloe of family catechising and Sabbath even instruction by parents, and shall consider how 'le plan of having evening instead of morn d)bath Schools, and evening sermons, as a ,r part of public worship, has a tendency erfere with these Sabbath evening duties rents, from the discharge of which, so of the glory of Scotland arose in other PI Begg said his attention had been called, of to the necessity of some movement of this by personal experience. When he -was a ger man, he found that the young communal were well acquainted with the Shorter Cat '', and could readily repeat it; whereas of ars there was a great difference in this re. Is he found many young persons who could ;at it. He inferred, also, from other air .nces which had come under his knowledge, Lie good old practice of family catechising oegun to fall off very materially. For exam he held in his hand a report of the Sabbath 00l teachers of Edinburgh, drawn up by a Committee which had lately made a canvass he city, in connexion with Sabbath Schools; in this report it was stated, that 11,994 )s had been visited, the number of children _ _ . ich, amounted to' 22,964. Of these,l3,7Bl reported as attending various Sabbath le, and only 680 were fought at home on the ith evenings. Now, of course, there might been considerable mistake in the number re ad as being taught at home, but still, even ng a very large allowance; if it be h fact at r anything like a fact, it was extremely start- The duty of parents catechising their obil and giving them religious instruction, had L established by Divine ordinance, and this a matter which had not received the atten w hich it deserved ; and the Church itself was ul to look to it. .he object of the overture to call the attention of the Assembly to these .ers, and to endeavor to restore the gbod old ice of former days, in having regular catechet mtruction in each family on Sabbath even- is a movement in the right direction. of us knew in, old times what it was Ara the Catechism at a Christian it's knee, on Sabbath evenings, when portion of the Lord's day was regularly ated to "the Church in the house," and In the family, as the nursery of the arch, was occupied with these ordinances instruction, prayer and praise. Those re good old times. We cannot dispense 1 the Sabbath School. Nor can we dis ise with the family instruction, with all advantage of the parent's relation and thority. When God was arranging for 3 tuition of the young Lawgiver, and Lder of Israel, the great Prophet, and type Christ, he would have for the nurse and at trainer of the child, not Pharaoh's ughter, nor any Queen or Princess of the alm, bat the child's own mother, though ie had been the most obscure and unlettered L the kingdom. Dr. Russell responded to Pr. Pegg ; that the best of all social reforms, God's way restoring a people, was to tura the hearts i the fathers unto the children, and the hearts of the children into their fathers.' The domestic constitution, the family circle, was the source and test of national stability. No Sabbath class is so much in its place ifs that which is formed by a family around g, ti ther's knee. This should be one ref the exercises beloeging properly to the head of a family, to which the minister was.enjoined, by our Direeter7, to Stir yxp s,oeh es are For the Presbyterian Banner and Advocate Religion: OR, LETTERS TO A FRIEND ON THE DOCTRINES AND DUTIES 01? THE BIBLE Leiter VlL—Sin. By the law- is the knowledge of sin.—Ron. vu; 7. MY DEAR FRIEND :--In my last, I spoke of sin, and promised in this to say some thing about what sin is. Sin, what is it ? What is sin? John declares, Sin is the transgression of the law ; and Paul says, by the law, is the knowledge of John iii: 4 ; Rom. vii : 7. And here, let me say, that a definition of sin has sometimes been given, which in cludes but half the truth ; and, hence, indi rectly teaches a dangerous error. It has been said, that all sin consists in voluntary action; and, hence, sin has been defined as the voluntary transgression of known law. Of course, then, if this be correct, there is no such thing as original sin; •for, according to this, all sin consists in acts—in the vol untary transgression of known law. In fants, then, are holy; or, at least, have no moral character; they have no sin until they know the law, and knowingly and willfully transgress it I Hosi contrary this is to Scripture, you can readily judge, when you remember that we are here taught that we are, by nature, the children of wrath, and wrath implies guilt.--Eph. ii : 1-3. And Jesus Christ says, That which is born of the flesh is flesh—is flesh, is corruptrde prayed, sinful; for the works of the flesh, says Paul, the works of our corrupt nature, are adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lascivi oniniessr idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, vaxi attest, emulations, wrath, strife, seditious, heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellinga r and such like.—John iii: 6; Gal. v : 19-21. This is a dark catalogue of crimes to flow from a pure and holy nature ; and to be, too, the proper works and fruits of that nature, as -these are said to be the works of the flesh, of our unholy nature, the nature with which we are born I And, then, how contrary this view is CO fact, is open to the observation of every , one . ; for if there be no such thing as original sin, no native depravity ; if we are not by nature children of wrath; if our nature is not de praved, how is it, and why is it, that all ahildren do begin to sin as soon at; they be gin to act ? The fact is, the privation,of holiness: the want of 'righteousness—is sin; aud necessarily following this want or priva tion, is the corruption of our whole nature, so that we are conceived and born in sin, and we go astray as soon as we are born, be cause of, our innate corruption.—Ps. li : 5 ; and lviii : 3. in consequence of the fall, original righteousness. is lost, restraining grace .is _withdraw n and withheld, and the corruption of our whole nature follows as nj neocasar y, and unavoidable consegnenee. We are, as you know and feel a race °I , In Cruden's Concordance, uncondensed and unabridged—as it should ever be—you may see an admirable definition of sin, and a full statement of the various senses in which the Word is taken in the Scriptures. "Sin is any thought, word, action, omission, or desire, contrary to the law of God. Sin is not a creature, or a being, but rather the privation of a being; as light .is the priva tion of darkness," (or, rather, as darkness is the privation of light)" so is sin a priva tion of holiness." As, where light is want ing, darkness _reigns; so, where holiness is wanting, sin exists. Hence, where there is not holiness in a moral being, there is sin; and 'Sin consists in'the wrong'state of the heart and affections, as well as in open acts of transgression. There is sin in an evil nature or disposition, as well as in evil ants. This is the meaning of john,.when , he says, Sin is the transgression of the law; and r of Paul, By "the law is the knowledge of sin; for, though relating chiefly to actual sins, they include whatever is not in agreement `with the law, or conformed to it. A disposition, or tendency to sin, is sinful; an unholy na ture is sinful.-1. John iii : 4; Rom. vii : 7. And, hence, the Shorter Catechism defines sin as "any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God."—Sh. Cat., ii : 14. The law of God is the rule which he has revealed in his Word for our obedience; par ticularly the moral law, 'summarily compre hended in the Ten Comniandments. And here, you must remember: the nature and extent of God's law. As - to -its nature, it is holy, just,•and good ; pure, righteous, and benevolent, like its Author ; requiring only what is reasonable and right, what is for God's glory and our good, and calculated to proinote the best interests, and the bight est happiness of the univerae, and the great est glory and honor of the Supreme Ruler, Lawgiver, and Judge. It is the dictate of both rectitude and benevolence; ,and is, therefore,' every way reasonable iiz its 'de mands. It is no more than reasonable that we should be required to do right; to feel. and act right. And this is the sum and sub stance of the law; it requires just what is right, whatsoever is pure and lovely, and of good report. This is its nature—a holy, and just, ,and good law. And it, is also spiritual in its nature and requirements, taking cogniaance of the state of the heart' and affections, as well as our outward acts, and designed to regulate and control the feelings and emotions of- the soul; not only the desires and volitions, but that state -of heart from , which they spring, the disposition and bias, as well as the inclina tion; as it is evident from the tenth Com mandment, Thou shalt not covet.—Ex. xx.: 1-17. Hence, Paul says, in Rpm. vii-: 7-14, I had not . known sin, but by the law—had not known what it is, or had not known its enormity, and its extent and magnitude, and that the very state and emotions of the soul are sinful; for Lhad not - kr:waif-lust or concupiseence---:had-not. known that the mere inward desire was evil —that the habits and dispositions of the soul, and its emotions, were sinful—except the law had-. said, Thou shalt not covet. This command of the law stands as a guard to all that precede it, and serves to explain their spiritual nature, and teach us their ex tent, as well as their spirituality. And here, then, you see the, extent of the law, in its requisitions and prohibitions. It extends to the thoughts, and emotions, and desires of theliiiart, and to the state or disposition which precedes desire, as well as to the words and actions of men. This is indicated by this last commandment, which is, designed to guard and - protect the whole law, and shows the spirit required by all the commandments. It forbids not only lust or evil desire—concupiscence—but that state of heart which would lead to such desire, or to any unlawful or improper desire or emotion; and it requires " full contentment with our own condition" not only, " with a right and charitable• frame of spirit toward our neighbor, and all that is his," but a right state of heart toward God and man in all things. So the law of God requires per fect purity of soul, a right state of heart, uprightness, holiness,, love to God and man, perfect, constant, perpetual, with no devia tion and -no failure, from the very com mencement of existence, onward, 4, While life, and thought, 'and being last, Or immortality endures." - Human laws regulate the., outward con duct ; God's law fixes its claims upon the heart, and condemns as sin whatever accords not with the most perfect rectitude, in dis position as well as in act. It is spiritual; and' it claims dominion over the. soul of man, as well as over his manner of life. Such are the nature and extent of the law of God; and this law is'binding, on all. Its binding on you. It requires obedience of you. Yon are bound.to do whtit it com mands, and abstain from what it forbids; you are bound to possess the love and holi ness it requires; and any failure of coming up fully to its requirements, is sin. Any failure of coming. up to its demands fully, either as to : the dispositioq and habits Of the soul, the state of-the heart and affections, the feelings and emotions, the thoughts and desires; or as to the volitions and, exercises, and the external deportment, the words and the actions; any failure, at any time, and in any degree of perfect love to God and man ;, any failure, 'in any respect, is sin;. for sin is tie transgression of the law, and want of conformity is transgression ; for we may break the, law by failing to be, and to do what it requires, as well as by being and do ing what it forbids. Hence, by the law is the 'knowledge of sin; for whatever in man, as to his nature and disposition, his heart and life, is not in harmony with the law,of God, is sinful. The, law is the standard. By it, the state of the soul, and the conduct, must be tried ; and whatever in heart or life comes not up to this standard, is sin. Thus, my friend, you see what sin is . but I may say something more on this sub jeep in my next. = What' . I have said may suffice for-the present. From what I have written, you may learn something of your own sinfulness. In view of your undone condition as a sinne'r, look to the Lord Jesus Christ for pardon , and salVation. He'came to seek and to save'the lost; and he is'able and willing, to , save you. Truatln #ins ) and :What to do wit) urgent question lawn of transpo fusal of our' cc seems to have mt. of our great chit alty of imprisonn itself, accompazde and entire sepan as by hard work the terrors which ay reason of the re to receive 4.e convicts, rirninal• populationl .e daring: The pen , home—although, in the 'silent system," of prisoners, as well die treadmill—has not te:might expect. Land gloom of our peal d: terrible realities, par rho have fallen from a ty, and who have been And children; Still, the bondag tentiaries are sad a tioularly to those high position in so« separated from wi Living, as I do of London, my e Bzus, every. mo are the associatio, , One is the bell w and bricklayer to , large block of new Their honest labo keep the wife an. fortable, and mak. hearth. Another that of the Great which, at Christ scribed. All nig across the length have cattle and she And , now, in the Fridays, ring's oti. graziers, factors, an is begun. one of the suburbs „is saluted by various inn.. but how different which they suggest I summons 'the mason beir healthy toil, on a .'nildings, close at hand. ;earns the wages which hildren clean and corn `bright the honsehold ell (twice a week) is attle Market, a visit to time, I recently de-' long, by railway and nd breadth of London, been conveyed thither. , Orning of Mondays, or the announcement to ' butchers, that the sale is heard. It is that of del Prison. The 'Vivo joyous. They tell of But another bel the Pentonville former are cheery , freidom, honesty; lutes my ear as .I sound. It tells'; of of crime and retil ; despair 1. Within that m; ;el prison, I-have stood. Through its long:: orridors, I have walked. Here and there ti: , ‘ meet a man in convict dress, &Weeping ti or Cleaning out a cell. But by a 'by a troop,of convicts, with heavy wood clogs, and with ugly yellow,mash la • down over the • fore beilisandkn 7; which the 0 ,- espeext; disguised. One of these may be Sir John , Dean Paul, or Bates and Straliani his partners in the Bank, in Fleet Stree4 whose rain hits made so many widows and 'orphans poor. ' It is dinner thrie. Along the corridors the wardens . wheel light carts., .. In ti dishes, you.see the "messes intended for the prisoners. Each is now in his cell: Ther: is a little iron wicket =in-the centre of one massive door, The 'cart is wheeled up, an the warden, taking_one of the , tin dishes i his hand, containing soup and meat, tWi potatoes, and a piece of breed, the littl wicket is' thrown lack, and two hands art seen seizing the mess. 'The wicket closes and in silence, -like a wolf in his den, the prisoner devours his ration. Outside, by and' by, you will sea some of the prisoners 'breaking stones, others pick ing oakum ;' and all, in turn—except whe the state of ~health forbids--workingnn the tread-mill. Some t are carpenters; others turners and tailors; others blacksmith& that Paul and 'Bates work"as tailors. Sir Johniis fond of - drairing, and is allowe. to relax in that way at times. A convict is permitted to write one letter to his friends, and receive one from them e"ver"y half year. " Six years' penal aervi tide, 'is now the `common punishment for felony. Sentences of 'transportation for lit have been passed• on the greater criminalii, Robson, Redpath, ...Kent, and Agar„identi fied with' the , robbery of Ciystal Palace tilidltailway Companies. . Rolison; once so gay, driving splendidly "about town," liv ing in a luxurious house, is sinking faetinto insanity, induced .by despair. THE Crtarrants OF 94 IVscas are, in general, fimt-class men; both as to sound Kinn: gelical teaching, and adaptation for their special duties. Mr. Singsmile, the Chap lam at F'entonyille, has written a book, en titled, " Prisons and Prisonere," which is quite a standard work on these questions, and containing, moreover, the record of many cases of real reformation, and restora tion to society, of criniinals apparently lost forever to 'virtue and rto heaven, through the falthful applieation of the Word Of Chriii, throne:Cele Hely Spirit's power to the con and the heart. The Unveil:merit will be obliged to re new TRANSPORTATION very speedily: Each criminal formerly transported, cost the corm try £l,OOO ; while . for each remaining in prison here—to say nothing of fresh crimes, and consequent loss of property, and ex pense of a new prosecution aftsrv3ards, if he go out linreclaimed—an expense is in curred from X3O to £4O per annum. Some propose to .retain our prisoners at 'home, place them' on large tracts of uncultivated ground, erect suitable buildings, and obtain from their labor, sufficient to maintain the cost of maintenance. Others propose the renewal. of transportation but the locus pafflitentice is not yet determined. One of the Western Isles ,of Scotland was : pro posed ; and now the Falkland Isles are spoken of. DINIVGATE PRIEM, in the city proper, re mains still, unreformed. Hideous reyela dons have been made, of the consequences of permitting the prisoners to herd'tog,ether, as in old tunes The ' burghir; the coiner, the .member. of the swell . :each/ is DAY, FEBRUARY 2S, 1851. there, to inculcate the young thief with the virus of crime, and to make it romantic in his eyes. Nay, even prizoners for debt have been exposed to the contagion; and when any one has seemed to shrink from 'this brutal association, he is the victim of jibes, and abuse, and all manner of persecution ! This "den of devilry" is an evil which will, however, be, ere long, redressed and reformed. The whole subject of crime, how Suggestive of an ulcer , preying on the vitals of the community What penalties are we reaping for past neglects! What spectres of guilt, and woe everlasting, look out re proachfully upon us„ from the "spirit land, seeming to 'cry, " Too . late,". and urging us, by their agonising glances, to save the young of society from ruin I .Popular. EcZueation, ona Christian basis, is our great want. It is,, however, making lipid strides, and must do so more and more. In additioiatoffi 'this, nagged Schools and iformitories, 7 -41ie , dne preventing, and the I —.l4ave begun a splendid have- . spoken, iioforiner letters; of the ELEVATION OF THE STANDARD OF RELI GION AND MORATITY in our, higher ranks, as compared. with the past.. That is ,a great and gratifying fact. Mr. Thackeray, in his brilliant lectures, continues to bring it out very vividly. Last Week, he dealt with George IV., with great-'and just severity, and spoke of the chang2, as to swearing, gambling, and, profligacy among gentlemen now, as coinpared with those of the time of the Regent and, the King. He denied that George TV. was the first gentleman in Earope," as used to be the fashion to style him. Behind his . fine clothes, under his fine clothes, "there was not even a man —4here was nothing Then, as the' - real gentleman of his day, in contrast with the King, stand out, says Thackeray, men like Sir Walter Scott, Robert Southey, Lord Col lingwood, and Bishop Heber. As the , tinie draws - near for the opening of Parliament, OUR CLUBS come up -vividly before the .minds of many. Members of Parliament, and country gentlemen, are al `most invariably members of some one of the many Clubs in the West End of Dondon. The Club Houses, themselves, in point of architectural splendor, must strike the eve of every stranger. Near,the Duke of York's Column, and Waterloo Place, a series of these splendid mansions present themselves; and one is now building, in which'the copi ous use of the beautiful -and polished Aberdeen colored granite forms a striking feature. Here are the Atheneum, the Junior United Service, the'Carlton, and the'Reform Clubs, vithuthers not'far away. At the 'Carlton, the Conservatives and TOries find a congenial home; while at - the Reform Club, Liberals of all shades are Wont to congregate.. The internal fittings of these Clubs are splendid; and the kitchen of each, with its cooking apparatus, and its head cook and attendants, forms, in itself; a marvel and a study. • The election to these Clubs is by ballot; and personal pique may, at times, succeed in !blabk.balling a. worthy man. At other times, the t•hallot — defenee against the intrusion dglrtj 11 1 '" 'fi-A % 410 ppar— ---—1 The old Indians, who come home " with out livers," but with plenty of money, as semble at the Oriental Club; in .Hanover Square) and form a charactexistie "Set" of their own. • IEI The subscription- to the Clubs is high; Say (besides- a large sum for entrance,) twenty guineas per annum. But for this, what splendid accommodation is provided ! The food and wines are of the best quality, and served-up to the members, as well-as in a nobleman's mansion, or in Buckingham palace. Then, there are bathrooms, billiard roomi, refreshment-rocras, a noble library, all the journals, and all crowned with'first class and refined 'Society. It is understood that the rate at which Club officials are paid,-is on a scale some what like the following : The Cook repelyes from £BOO to £lOOO a year The Librarian " " 100 to 150 44 The Secretary « " 250 to 300 " . On,which in our witty serial rearks, that the Scale " fully proves the superior value of physical food, over, intellectual." It appears that the French or Italian Cook is, besides his large salary, allowed to tike pupils and "finishing" other cooks, for which large fees are received. " We - wonder," says Punch,." that in their leisure moments, the Secretary and Librari an do not occasionally descend to the kitch en, and take a few turns at the spit, so that when the cook has made his fortune, and retired to hiA Chateau, Margaux, or Lafitte, they Might be duly qualified to take his place and salary. There are City Clubs as well as those in the -West End, frecittented by Merchants and Bankers. Besides these, are. Liternry Clubs, the Whittington and ethers. The Milton Club is the only one known to be formed on Christian principles. It is of recent origin, and was begun. by a few enterprising Merchants, among the Non conformists, who longed for a, place where religious men in town, and those coming from the country to ifissionary Anniversa ries, or at, other seasons, might . find,a centre of :Union and a temporary home. It is con: ducted on precisely siMilar principles as . to internal arrangeinents, cookery, comfort, Ii brary, Sr,e,, as those in the West End. The House 'is in Liidgete Hill, near St. Paul's. The entrance fees and subscriptions are mod erate. The membership amounts to nearly 1000 at present. Here, on .Tuesdays, after my attendance on the early Committee of the Tract Society, lam wont to linger for some hours ; and here one meets Binny, Sherman,. Newman Hall, and erstwhile the new lamented Harris; with many other min isters and laymen. The fear_of God dwells in this, house. The Secretary is one of Dr. Hamilton's worthy Deacons; the Manager of the' miscue dep . artment, a Scotchman too. Family worship is kept up morning and even-' ing. The terms for ministers are on a pecu liarly liberal and considerate scale, and the privileges of occasional relaxation among "books and men," both of a superior order, is something delightful, I assure you, amidst the high pressure of a London ministry. In connexion with .the. Milton Club, it is in contemplation to open a large room; of the same kind,. with the same objects as Exetest Hall, for public meetings 'of a lien l efolent tail . religions;character: ; ; FROM Pram, we have news of war begun. The English expedition "'having reached the Persian Gulf, have taken pos session of the Island of Karmeir, and storm ed the Fort of Bushire. This last opera tion cost our army a loss of between 20 and 30 lives, ineluding the unusual dispropor tion of four officers slain. One of these was a Brigadier General, another "a Colonel, the remaining ,two Lieutenants. The Brigadier (Stopford,) was a veteran Indian officer. The telegraph gives no particulars. Our hearts are thus again saddened by fresh, .news of slaughter. The continuance of this war—arising from diplomatic mismanage ment on the one hand, and Russian in trigue on the other—is most earnestly.to be deprecated. It would 'arrest internal' iti- Troveinentsin'lndia, accumulate more debt, and invelve neWtaxation. Same politicians view:it as necessary to annerAfig,anistan, as a barrier to Russian designs. on. India. Per sia is'weak in herself, and seems te have relied on Russian support. ,"'Her' Anibassailin Ex dioo(l,426:pii o an - need= ddiflotitigegflYeWriffar of the Emperor of the French. FROM MILAN come the tidings that the Emperor of Austria has granted , uncondi tional pardon and amnesty to all Loather diens convicted of high• treason, and has re stored the whole of the sequestered estates. This will permit many an exile to'return home. But while it is an amnesty for ima ginary crimes, and " pardon" for the fault of these Italians loving their country,. ".not wisely, but too well"—and when, we add to this, that it is dietated by aelfishneas, and designed, as a master-piece 'of Paley, to bins more closely to the Austrian Crown, provin ces which are unjustly, hers—what ,merit can. Francis Joseph claim—and how : little' has Italy reason to be grateful ! The meeting of the CONGREGATIONAL UNION did not pais off without a scene of powerful exciteMent. In his "opening ad dress, Mr. Stingliten, the 'President for the year, deprecated the idea that there were two , parties in the body, one evangeli cal, the other unsound. This .was roundly Cheered; but yet, if we are to judge by sym pathies and tendenCiea, it is a very question able statement. The gi•at majority; hol ever, are firmly attached to the old' Gospel. It remains to be seen what the students will become by and by. THE :ARCHBISHOP or Twins 'has been promoted to Paris. He is, not an Ultramon tanist, but moderate in his Church politics The Emperor pressed the appointm+3iit upon him, after several refusals. This day d I have been infOrMed of ' the DEATH OF DR. MarnaunsTi the eminent mis sionary of ,the- London Society for many years. He, had only been on English soil for threp days, when he expired. His re moval is greatly deplored. There will bea public funend tin's week. The Morning Post ,day, of this consider PEACE WITH PERSIA as " probable." ,„ have As to the PENISON UASE there been appeals; protests, expressions of spa. pathy— w this sympathy oftimen, and even in ,the.-ease. of the Bishop of Exeter, extremely ,The latter.. once actually excom : , rounicateft and whether`he hag withdrawn 'the Bair, I know not. Brain his letter to the Arch deacon, while he takes fling at the Arch bishop, by . saying that the <decision against Denison indicates, in its terms, and the ground. 4 'taken, the rationalist tendency of the age,'he yet takes good care not to en dorse the heresy, that the wicked partake the body and blood of Christ in the . Lord's Supper. The Morning Post a High Church news- I paper, has a long article soothingly addressed to the Tractarians, telling theirthat efien if the cross is taken away from the "altar," they can still carry, out their system—tat present evil's must be submitted to, and that it would be suicidal policy for those who are contending for spiritual independence, and a Free Convocation,lo appeal to a secular tribunal, = such as, is the. Privy Council. Whether, they will take this advice, seemed doubtful; but there has been a fresk appeal to a civil tribitnal. Some say that,. legally, the Archbishop's decision on the Denison case is final. Oth ers tell us that the Archdeacon retains his parish, and loses his Arehdeaconry, or me versa. ' But what of the BROAD CHURCH AND NEOLOGICAL . PAILTY ? True to their in stinctive hatteld of definite, dogmetic utter ances, Mr Manrice has addressed a leiter. to Frazer's Magazine, expressing his disappro val of the prosecution of Denison: . ; As to himself' we all knew fie does not believe in the Sacrifice of - Christ, in the true and proper since of the term, at all. But then; this matters not 1 The presence of 'men of extreme views, on opposite sides, he regarde as necessary to preserve the equlibrium of ihe Church, and as preventing either party from holding a fanatical triumph over the other. So much for " equilibrium." Does it not remind you of the nursery rhyme, " See saw, Margery Daw ?," Thin it is, that on the "See 'saw" principle, the Church of England haslieen going on since the Refor mation. Not that the balance has been long preserved, at any time; now Landism, then Latitudinarianism, and then Evangelism triumphant. But thephief objection of Mr. Maurice is, that the Articles, and not Scrip ! . tore, are appealed to, for settling the doe: trine oftie*Church, (itilllbbireive the favor ite. *, idea of antagonism to what is definite in statement) and he would like the doctrines of the Church to be left in a looser state than the. Articles have embodied them. Denison's - . Ptefe j sitiens are to be resisted;` says Maurice, as a test, bit all shduld strive that he be allowed to hold them as opinions As.if anysone. wished, to hinder him, thin/Z 7c ing what he pleases on the Rucharist„ ra i ld r as if the qiestion were not, *haler, he is teach a heresy which is emphatically gri n:Ash, monstrous and abominable ? Not long since, the Rev . , - -Hobart. Bey-. mour,an Evangelical clergyman, author'-of. Mornings with the Jesuits," whohadbeen, sojourning in a parish in the diodese of Ex: titer, and lightening the labor of the over worked inoumbent by preaching' once aday, was prohibited from preaehing„by Bishop ' The complainant was a High Churchman, who had fifiy bearers, of whom tenleft When he entered the phlpit, /bile Mr. Seyrnour had Poiik'r;egitiiins anunintirie tol fifteen• hUndradY -TWA iihavioptor Philadelphia, 27 South Tenth Street, bele* Clieltnut , • p er By Noll, or at the Office, sl.soYe a r; BEE - pßospEetus. Delivered in the City, 1.75 Nigh the, .laye for evangelicarteaching imbedded in the hearts of the " common Teeple" and 'middle classes, even in the most unfaVotable Ideality. , The Bishcip's rage Was . ic - iithe'reks,* mour had completed. his,intendell course of service,,before the prohibition came. The Tractarians lately suffered a severe defeat at Brighton, in an atienTptliitet up a Puseyite College. The Bishop of Chi chester backed the proposal, and was, sup ported by 4ird Robert Cecil, but, by an overivhelming Majority, and "amid ''popular exaltations over - them; the traitors were dri ven away, aiid theirarafty pror exploded, to their eoafmsinn and .sharne. J. W. facts iiiiV''',:iitattittos. WE AB not to.ohoose our own rods; no, ' ftod l ehposes thsul i coz o uu t ; and , *cases that ..to e d which- suitable.' THE ahmst Christian is a .most.unhappy man, having religion enough to .make ..the world hate him, and not enough 'to mike God love him.—Countess of Wariiiek. BEAUTIFUL Suutu.. = Men's feelings are alirSys purest and mostt - glowing at the hour of meeting and farewell; like the. 'gliders, which are , transparent and rosy-hnid only at sunrise and sunset, but throughout the day gray and'oold. THE Joy OF DOING GOOD. Yes there's joy in doing good, • The selfish never know, A draught 80,,,deep, - so rich and pure, It seta the heart aglow;,. A draught so 'exquisitely rare It, thigh; the soul with bliss, And lifts it to a heaiidier werld, Or makes a heav'n of this. • • CHRISTIANS LIKE ORPAEL—They that are professors only, , and make a show of re ligion for sjnistpr, ends, arulike .Orpah; in times of aifflalion they will`kiiii - their mother and be gale, they will soon take lair*" of the Chnreh.of 'God. But ilmythit are true Chrititiatis, are like Ruth, they.will uleave to her, stay_by her,. live and die with her, and never depart from her,—kath : 14. DR. C.tus4frts, says the Vermont arronick, wrote tipon " the expulsive cp9r , er of a new affection ;" aUother dhalmers is Wanted to write on the exclUsive pow er of an old' one. For with such love, of the world And tho.thingwthereof, in some of its ten thousand forms, and such _ absorbing in terest in its goingson, how is religion to find any place in man's ` , THE 841ron.Trt.—Tt its very remarkable that the heitiiieu nations;' wife can be sup posed to have no knowledge of the ll* or history of Moses, account one day of the seven more sacred than' the rest. .16,siod styles the seventh.day s ".the ilhintrious , of the sin ;" and Homer tia'ys, " Then , came the seventh day, which is sacred or holy." Almost all'nations, too, who.have anynotion of religion, have appropriated one day in seven to the purposes of public, devotion. Okuutur.- 7 TheJews 7.lnyiut #0:0 , 4,*1-sjikallOtrAY - 7 , 4 -; L, :#l. their bittloOr • said they, the name of 'God may be on it. Though there was a little superstition in this, yet truly there is nothing but good re• ligion in it if we apply it to men. Trample not on any; there may be some work of grace there that then knowest not Uf. The name of God may be written upon that soul thou treadest on; it may be a soul that Chrisethonght so much of an to give his precious blOod for it ; therefore, :despise it not.=—Leighton. HOME Home's not"merely four square walht, Though with pictures hung aid gilded; Home is where affection,ealk Filled with shrines the heart hath builded. Heine r .1— Witch the faithful d9ve neatit the heaven ihoire us; Home is where, there?s one to. love, Home is where, there's one to love us. Home is not merely roof " and room, It needi something til'etideitr it; Home is where the heart , can bloom; Where.there's sorne•kind lip to cheer it. What is honie with none to meet, None to weleome, none to greet us? - Home is sweet; arialSillysiiieet, Where' there's'oisilwe Joie to meet us. . , A Sounou EL9Qurtoz.—Daniel Welker, on being cemmended fer his elo quence, on a memorable occasion, is said to havereplied: 44 Sir, I am far from tliin . lring, that my effort the Other dai his the remotest claim to the panegyric you hive been pleased tohestow upon it; but if anything I have ever said or written deserves the feeblest encomiums of my, fellow country- Men, I hive no heittition in declaring that fOr'. their, partiality; I am indebted, solely indebted, to the daily and attentive perusel•of the soured Scriptures, the source of all true .poetry and eloquence, as well as of all good and all comfort." TAKE CAKE OF THE CASKET FOE THE SAKE or THE Jawrz.---In Many eases in which true Christians,complaln of the "hid ing,,of God's countenance, of darkness and the cause solely physical dis ease ; prod .ced not equently by an ob stinate disiegard to the will God as ex pressed in ,the huMan constitution, made up of soul and body; and, by which a certain amount of repose, relaxation, and exercise are Siaential to the right working 14 . _both. Let Mi 'OSA:lastly press it upon yoUnand ardent Students, that it is a very mi staken manliness to despise the,: demands of the body„; .that it is no self : denial, but aelf-in iiiilgence, to tuarilSo health and life in the Pursuit of knowleilgi. inereiiiitil them that' God will make thetii..realionsiblir for every'talent committed to them, and for shortening thew days which might have • have been many;, and. fq pinking those hours Ul'll'l4B4lnd. aistreiii which might hive been hour? of Si:Wahine and peace. That must be no"Einiell sin in the eye .of GU, which he so often v*talwith .AKearly death or . prematuTe old age ; and s , has pr . rvio:m a ny „cc, TEcitt - precious treasure,' and the Church of its brikliiept liolies.t:=-Mriegbdifrifigsorials' of .Mcgokin, toth. 0.231
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers