i=l= ithe `Aeitittor. XDITOIL • -v• • - - TITEHDAN, JAM:IAF 8, 1873: The "Liberia" Mr. Trumbull, of Iltino i9, has been shelved, and Gov. Oglesby elected W the United States Senate in his place. Last Wednesday the U. S. Bentite passed a bill abolishing the franking privilege on thilst of July next. This is a good \ move, sad wo hope to see the bill pass the lltusf , ; 0 - at we have small faith that it will do 86,-- Congress has gut in the way of passing tie 'sumuu3ure in one branch only to kill It in 'lie \ Bother. It is about time tba; transparent !dodge, which deceives nobody, cvas played The yellow handbill put forth in favor of '.,khe 'removal of, the county seat -to Tioga talks, in a very lofty-way, of the 1 ' little vil lage" of Wellsboro. This is particularly rich when you look nt the statistics'l Last .gear the assessed valuation of impro d real ,estate in Wellsboro was $256,741,; of l logs, $, t.. The total valuation of)Wellsboro ;Vfas #275,641; of Tioga, $63,156. The number of taxables in the "little village" st Wellsboro was 450, while in the " cot:n -*o6a' center" of Tioga there were just "The thistle that was in Lebanon •.eornt to the cedar that was in Lebanon, say ing, Give,tbOaughter to'nly son to wife; 'Oll there passed : by a wild bast that was in Lebanon, and trode down the thistle." •* 1 Argritheuts for Division. 'We have received several letters favoring timit proposed division of the county; but es WOlave not spice to print them all we have oneoluded to~ atate the points made by the moat pertinent and forcible of ; them, with ‘„, siinh comments as may seem jpit. We cer ttilnly haveno desire to suppress or blink 4144 - fair argument that can be adduced. in lover of the scheme, being well satisfied .1441, the more the project is ,discussed and Itnsidered in all its bearings the more cer . it is to be conderabed by the people of fie county. t :James V. Leach, Esq., of Weatfield, sends tem letter in favor of division, which is ' Retewortlay as being in strong contrast to • inert of the arguments put forth by the pro - *biers of that project. Indeed, it is in iiiiieli strong centriietto the colored literature td the day furnished us by the Elmira Art• teeter press in,the interest of a little h,am• /at twar the New York line, that we should take pleasure letpabilehleg.it,if we had the room to spare. • Mr. Leach setsent by admitting tho the ariginaters of the scheme are prompted by Selfish motives, 'bet thinks we were not war ranted in saying, they are working -"for the —benefit of a few wealthy landowners and a beridinl. of needy and greeAy local pad clone." Possibly, not; but the fact that the principal promoters of the scheme are men _ _ kagely interested in real estate at the pro posed new countylowns, would seem to in dicate that we were not far from the mark to• env statement. • Why does Mr. Leach aapOse that Mr. - B. X. Billings is so strongly *in favor of a new county with a county seat -- laGaines? Mrs Billings owns over twenty thou' sans; acres of land in that region. Mr. . Leach and our readers can put that and that together as well as we can. As for the local ' .siviiticians, it is 'Whispered in no very low - 'tones that if certain Tioga candidates had .been successfal in securing the offices they desired last fall, the present cry for the re. =oval of the county seat would not have been raised. On reflection, we ate inclined to think we hit, the nail pretty squarely on the head in our former article. Mr. Leach goes on to argue that there is , 4 a long-felt necessity on the part of town ships—remote from Wellsboro for a more_ Fohienient and accessible county seat; yet al . ,' _ ii: L/r ellaboro is located in the geographical s . ter of the county; a removal of the ty seat would convenience one-half the airy at the expense of the other ,half; ore, the only remedy left the people is a division, provided it can be accomplished satisfactorily to the voters." •We do not knew the gentleman's nationality, but it seems to us that in this passage he writes like a native of the Emerald Isle; lie has rather got the cart before the horse. It is :-. not proposed to divide the countybecause the county seat is to be removed, but to remove ;he county seat I)ecause the county is to be 4- 14 1ded. If the ciounty is not divided until the county seatria, removed, 'no man need worry himself With' hopes or fears of divi itieia. ' ,1 ,Mr. Leach thin ks the county is too large, • and contains too ,Mitny inhabitants. This, ' of course; is water -of opinion, and every map in the county. Can estimate the value of the gentleman's conclusions on that point. The Act is that there-are several counties in . :. gie State with a larger area, and many with . moie l inhabitants. While counties still larg -*r than this, and With five or six times the number of inhabitant, find no difficulty in Vanittipeptig the public business, we don't Anita ette why'there ; should be any trouble in that fine hero. We didn't atippose that the citizens of Tioga county were so nuneer cnia as to be in each other's way." Mr. Leach mak*, the completion of the Wellsboro Railroad an argument in 'fatior of division, s ' I:tecattseAteakes the people' of the western part - of ,the county feel worse than ever "by eerapatison with our more favored neigh bace." , -We confess this is an argument - "kfhleA the are not:cepa* of meeting. Per • hapell our western Wends shall ever sec leiskiti eettittg themselves off into a county - eitoe'fberoit not the- ghost of a railroad ,#,lterki feel better. ' . . The advocate of "Highland county"— • Akee ; unborn infant is already 'named, it etilkiiernie of the opinion that the people of •'-kikezeltiton would be able to support a new county Organization without trouble. He aseuntee tlustihe authorities are determined to put up new public buildings at Wells :bore; and he seems to think that in,such an trivet it Will cost the taxpayers of the wes tern towns is much to pay their share of the expense of such new buildings .as it Would to erect buildibgs at their sole expense in " aighland county." This is• the argu iient, or there is no argament'about it.— But every-man must see the fallacy of it, even admitting the premise stated. \ When 44 can be shown that one-sixth is equal to '4llc whole, it will do to talk such nonsense. We are happy to see that Mr. I‘each says nothing about the supposed promise ofsome bo'dy to pil,t up the buildings - for "High land county!" Being e lawyer, he is un donkeielly Well aware that such promises are taftit itistrththe paper on which they may be setiitten. ,and be ii no doubt equally well etkitire by, tide time that his assumption that Ittie buildings are to be erected at this place 'ls unfounded. " The report made by a re !Oat Grind Jury," as detailed in oar col- Swans Doi week, must have undeceived him on that point. , • - Mr. Leach Makes the point that all the county Officers except, the y Associate Judges 'are paid fees inatead - of salaries for their mo ttoes, andwould add nothing to the expense Of X new County, and we give him the ben efit of-it; but when he asserts that "the evenie of lolling courts would probably EMI amount to no more than our proiwortion of such eipensea at the present time,", most people will find it impossible to respect( his judgment or his sincerity. Will any man seriously maintain that the courts could be held in the new county for one-fifth of the BUM necessary for tit purpose in the old one! Such a stateme t reftites; itself, and it is useless to waste words uplon it. But, finally, the gentlettian is forced to admit that there would be a small increase in our taxes, yet with a railroad from Roch ester to Westfield; he thinks the , , increased taxation should not " weigh for a moment against the ' many conveniences of having an accessible county seat." We, Certainly hope the proposed railroad may be speedily built, even at the risk of exciting theienvy \ of some less favored neighbors; but wheth r it is or not, We think \ the taxpayers of the western townships will, on 'sober second thclght, decline to be used_as catspaws to pull the roasted chestnuts of some uneasy little village in the northeast' corner of the county out of the fire, at the expense of a perpetual \ bilker of increased taxation. - A Short Cateohinq • Our friend\!Erastus," of htillertown, asks ns \several queations which we answer in shit meter as follows : Q. "Did the Gra s .nd Jury at the last term of Court, report in \ favor of building new county buildings at Wellsboro for any cause ?" A. No, sir. Q. "And did not the 'Grand Jury of the term before the last, report in the same way." A. Not that we can discover.' Q. "If they did,' what for ? If they did not, what did they in relatien to the mat ter." A. Bee last week'4 AGIT Tou;for• a full answer, Y"Was the matter ever brought • before If so, who did it ? and what for ? A. iNe are informed the President Judge asked them to .consider the necessity, of Making the building in which the public records are kept.fire-proof, for the purpose of protecting the interests of the of the whole. county. "Only this, more:" Q. "Assuming that they did .1-1 A. But you shouldn't assume wba:. isn't true. Q. "Dees not Wellsboro like to have the county seat as near their own door as possi ble ?" A. Yel, air, Q. "What do Brookfield, Westfield, Ship pen, Gaines, Elk, and parts of Delmar and Morris, say about the matter of dividing Old Tioga ?" A. We understand a large proportion of their citizens soy they don't want Old Tioga divided. • • Q. "Why vos our candidate for Co n • missioner last fall so badly eilaughte •if Wellaboro, Delmar and Charleston ha o selfish ends in view in electing one ri a or home ?" A. Erastus, who was your candidate' .or Commissioner last fall t Tell us that, and you shall have your. anawer. Don't lot us talk at random. A Pew Specimen Lies. "These lies are like the father that begat* them gross es a mountain, upon, palpable." If misrepresentation were as powerful as nitro-glycerine, or if the capacity for mis chief- of a few people were at all equal to their inclination, Welhiboro would speedily be blotted from off the faCe of the earth:— Happily this is not so. An over-dose of misstatement always reacts upon its perpe trators, especially when the falsehood is so clumsy as to carry its own refutation. - The Elmira Advertiser was, it seems, hired to print a handbill, and, pregutnably, was paid for it. This was all right. But the Advertiser; "upon request, as a matter of news," publishes the handbill in its edito. ,rial columns. It thus adopts and assists to circulate statements the gross,falslty of ma ny of which a single look at l a map would have made apparent "to every examiner.— Moreover, a gentleman connected with the Advertiser lived for along time in Wellaboro, and must know that many of these state ments are false, and deliberately intended to deceive. The Advertiser of course man age's its own business in its own way; this right is freely conceded. But the good taste of its interference in a local matter -outside of its own State is a fair subject of commen And when it volunteers to circulate in its editorial columns such flimsy falsehoods as its article contains, to the , prejudice of a neighboring town, it becomes a party to the attempted wrong, and must sutler not only in the estimation of all decent people, but in the self-respect of its own conductgrs.— Such service is cheaply secured at the cost of a little jobbing patronage. In the long run, however, the newspaper which does to others as it would in like circumstances have others do to it, will better preserve the confidence and support of an intelligent community. The misstatements and decpptive reason• ing of the article are too extensive for pres ent notice, but I present a "spitcimen brick" as a sample of the whole: Commencing with Jackson, which ie 3 miles from WelLsboro, with a vote of 344; Rutland, also 91 miles, with a vote of 250; Sullivan and Ilainaintrg, 32 miles distant, with her 963 votes; Union. 47 distant, with 297 votes; 'Ward and Veil Brook, distant 40 miles, with a vote of 229; Liberty, distant 60 miles, with her 902 votes." It will be news to the people of Liberty to learn that they are 60 miles from Wells bow, when _Williamsport, is less than that distance, tillttough more than 80 miles far ther away by the same road, "news" to the people of Xlainsburg that they are 32 miles from Wellsboro, when Troy", in Bradford ,county, is only 28, and the road to Troy passes through Mainsburg. And so one thight go through the entire lit; but, to cor rect the ,whole, I add the measured distances to Wellsboro from points named in the Ad vertiser's hatibill, as given on a map pub lished in 1882 by Way, Palmier & Co., New York: From Liberty to Wellsboro i 5 122.8 zni les. " Fall Brook is 22.8 " " Union is 26.6 • " " Afainsbtirg Is 18,8 " " Rutl'dorßosev'e " fa 28 " " Rutland or.Rosevlile do. 20 Mos via Mansfield. From )aggetts Mills, near county line, to , :Wellabor° is 26.2 miles. The article is full of other misstatements just as wide of t l he truth as these, but time does not permit a notice of them now. To the active movers in this matter, at Tioga, much is to be pardoned. Formerly they derived much profit from the daily visits ottmany teamsters hauling lumber to and merchandise from their 'depot. Some ,of them also thrived upon the receipts from stage passengers and others going to and 'coining frota Wellsboro. The railroad has dried up' these' sources of supply entirely.— Then -,4ome of their chief men, " men of I, -, , mprk, 3 ! .presented and urged their claims for'nflleial position, The people quietly ig nored 'those clam s. Hence they are sore, very sore. Nothing but a new county seat, or at least the satisfaction of "killing Wells hero," a some of them loudly threaten, can restore the equanimity of the people and the prosperity of their rice little town. It i is a sad pity, but it can of be helped. • Now Wellsboro is A 0' lively corpse," and quite likely to remain s in spite of Tio ga; and u for the new ounty seat- - "when the sky falls, —" Wellsboro tat/ Zsurring, no thanks to those who take such a - pitiful way of attacking her interests, nor to their low-priced assistant, the Elmira Advertiser. OUR WASHINGTON LETTER, WmartcGrOZT, Jart2l. 3 1, 1878. 'TEI3IceItAPET. IC is a fact well known to newspaper men that the present telegraph monopoly corn =tea its enormous rates only 19 e rrors AS. notations of ntwapapers who a) 4)4, igree oppose their interests. Thus in 1870 the Petersburg Index criticised lists telegraph news, and in pursuance of a notice given to several Southern, - pa . tiers was cut -off for a time. Your correspondent knows editors of other Southern:daily papers to verbally denounce the monopoly. for distorting and fixing up news; and' yet, they are ,so intimi dated that they dare not attack so glaring an evil lest they be cut Off from the list of 'the favored. Thus, with few exceptions, even now when the subject is fairly at issue before the country, papers of the Associate. Press are used to oppose the postal telegraph, while the independent and country press generally support it . . Under the Hubbard bill the rate fixed for the first 500 words from Washington to Boston is $.3 75. ,Thiderthe rnonoply it is $l5. For 1,500 words the charge 'under the bill is $ll 25; present rate, t:3l. 25; and so on, with an average reduction by the bill of two-thirds the present cost, or the payment of only one-third of the present extortions, , The existing rates are designed• for the special benefit of the large papers, chile the bill fixes equal rates for each circuit of. 500 miles. The rates to- the press of the South are higher than to that of the East. Thus the Southern Press Association pay, more than five times as much for the same number of words delivered monthly .to twenty different offices on two lines of wire as the New England Associate Press pay fOr news sent to seven difierent offices on two lines of wire—the distance South being siderably greater, but the expense of trans mission very little More. Only thirty-seven working clays remain of this session, and it is to be hoped . that , this bill and the Perce educational bill will be promptly taken up and passed, both being meastires of progress and reform that be long to the intelligence and true civilization of the day. ONE car, roF., ONLX. The order of the President, just published, restricting Federal officers front holding State offices, or more than one Federal of fice, is universally popular except perhaps with those at whom it strikes. These double barreled officers are always in the way of the reasonable ambition of other men who, if not better in all respects, are at least less persistent in the grasping propensity which seldom insures honesty in an individual.— If two Federal offices can be as well filled by one person, the sooner they are merged into one the better it will be for all concern ed. The holding of State offices in the SOuth-by persons sent from other sections of the country may have been excusable in the peg, put there can be no necessity for con tinuing the practice. Lourneits.. It is tow thought that a decision of the Louisiana troubles, \ so far as the lalr , is con; ceriaed, will be: reached by the Supreme Court of Louisiana before reports can be beard from the Congressional committee: of investigation. Whether the apparent baste in pushing the case before the Court means the forcing of a legal question thfough pop flier clamor manufactured without stint by the committee of two hundred• after the old method of firing the Southern heart, remains to be seen; but if the Court presume to jus tify Warmouth in the rascally course he has taken from the beginning, it will behoove Congresslo prOtect Louisiana from 'a self appointed king. GRAIQD OLACEWATER LINE. Mr. Hughes, of Virginia, has just shown Congress, in an able and elaborate- Speech on the subject, the interest which the entire country has in the completion of the James River and Ohio elacksvater line. He com pares this central line of internal navigation. with that of the Erie and Hudson River Canal, which so eminently contributed to make New York the grand commercial cen ter. He shows by tabular statements the reduced distance and necessarily reduced cost of transportation to all the most prom inent points of commercial shipments which would be afforded by the widening and com pletion of the Water line from tide water on the James river across the two ranges of mountains, following the channels of the Greenbrier, New, and Kanawha rivers to Point Pleasant on the Ohio river. r Mr. Hughes makes.an authoritative offer of all the improvements now made on the line, free of charge, to the General Govern ment, conditioned upon specific terms of the widening and early completion of the line in accordance with the present and fu ture requirements of business. The offer of Virginia seems to be a reasonable one, made in good faith and without jobbery or speculation, except such legitimate profit as must inure alike to Virginia, West Virginia, and all the States of the country except those of th'e Pacific coast. The estimated cost made, after close calculation by gov ernment engineers, is 447,000,000. The question is whether it is the proper time for the Government to incur so great an expense. SINGULAR SUICIDE Mr. Edward N. Jacobs, a respectable clerk in the Treasury Department, was on Sunday last found dead, in the grounds of the Smithsonian Institution. An =Ol4 showed a system in Orfect health, physi cally, but the facts prof i l ed that he had tried sleeping out all night cold weather on one or two previous occasions. When acci dentally found the body was Yet warm, though the ears were frozen tot a crisp.— Verdict, "Death from -expositre while la boring under temporary 'aberration of mind." a . C. M. GOVEIISOI ItABTRia. , • 1•.71 The Inauguration at H arrisburg. General John F. -Hartranft was duly in stalled in office as Governor of the State, last Tuesday the gist instant, at Harrisburg. Various military and other organizations at tended the inaugukation. I They formed in line at II *o'clock. a. m., and marched thro' a severe storm of rain and snow, reaching the Capitol at one o'clock ,p, m. A large wooden platform had been erect ed, projecting from tfie west "aide of the Capitol, and surmounted by the State and National flags. \ The Governor and staff were escorted to this upon their arrival, the ;4_lllltary being drawn up in front upon the snow.' v lawn, The \ windows of the build ing, as v,'"411 As a l the accessible avenues from which a ife7 could be obtained, were cowded with spet-tat°tB., many thousands of whom were pliesent .trzn the adjacent 'counties. The bands pl4eds.l . lail to the Chief" as the Governor-elect asc.:_ 4444et the steps of the platform. At this point the participation of the Leg islature commenced. The Speakers of the Senate and House, accompanied by the members of their respective bodies, formed in procession in their chamberi,yid marched out to the platform. Upon tilitir arrival the Speaker of the Senate, GeOrge H. Ander son, and the committees of the two houses and the clerks passed to the front. Prayer was offered by Rev. C. A. Holmes, of Allegheny. The Clerk of the Senate, Rusi4ell Errett, thenread the certificate of the Governor's election, when the oath required by the Constitution was administered by Speaker Anderson to the Governorielect. The oath was: " You do swear that you will sup port the Constitution of the United States. You do also swear that you will support the Constitution of the State of Pennsylvania, and that , you will perform your duty as governor." Whereupon the Speaker of the senate proclaimed John 1 4 . Ramat& to be duly elected and' qualified, as Governor of the State for the ensuing three . year& • The Governor then delivered the follow ing: lam not to INAUGURAL', ADDR,EE3S.,I Gengemen of the Senate and .11Ouso of Repre sentatires, And Fellow Citizens: • Permit me through you to tender: my heartfelt thanks to: the people Of thia COM monwealth for their partiality in selecting me as their Chief Magistrate, In obedience tolaw I have appeared before you to pledge ray fidelity to the Constitution. Its obliga._ Lions and the responsibilities it imposes are, I hope, fully realized. In' the • administra tion of public affairs it is my earnest prayer. that I may he guided' by Divine 'wisdom, and that all my actions may reflect the pees' pie's will. My predecessor Presented in his annual message his recommendations and much valuable information so fully and so well that it appears unnecessary to enter into de tails. My views are in accord with the gen eral policy of the State, Adminfstration for the past few years, although I believe some changes might be for the public good,„and to these I shall - briefly altude. Having been closely connected with' the finances of the State since 1866, I speak knowingly when I say that the revenues have 'been faithfully collected; extravagant appropriations. have been - avoided; taxation has been equalized by the repeal of the most hutch:maraud tax-' es; and by strict economy and good man agement the public debt has been largely reduced. The policy of paying off the en tire indebtedness of the State is, I believe, fully - indorsed by the taxpayers, and-it shall be my aim to adhere to that policy. The public debt, however, decreasing while the revenues are increasing, it occurs to ine that a further reduction of the latter should be made during the current session of the Leg islature. The increase in the value of our real estate, in the products of our manufac tories, in the steady development of our re sources, and in the expansion of our rail way system, is rapidly enriching our peo ple. if we measure the aggregate of our wealth and its growth upon the basis of the late census, we can readily understand how a lighter tax imposed upon the present taxed property will meet all our necessities in the future, provide an ample fund for the liqui dation of our debt, and gide a decided im pulse to the useful enterprises thus relieved. I sincerely trust, however, that in , any` at tempt to loosen the burdens of taxation, the Legislature will exercise a wise discretion, and properly discriminate in favor of our industrial interests In every part of this Commonwealth are found rich deposits of minerals. To make them available.and.pyoductive shonld.bn our earnest aim, and shall receive a large share of my attention. It can alone be done by the intelligent employment of labor and capital. This is a subject of immense, in terest, and can best be subserved by 'first providing the highest possible knowledge. of the character and location of the, Most valuable minerals. Labor can be made in viting by making it remunerative. Its prof its must depend largely upon the - measure of protection accorded by - Congress to our home industries, a question which may safe ly be committed to our representatives in the national legislature. Capitalis the water for the wheel, and should be abundant, and the rates of interest should - be easy for ast ite and wholesome enterprise, and whatever legislation will best. serve this end should receive general support. 'Money will - always seek the highest rates, the security being; the same, and for that reason it now gravi tates to neighboring States where the legal rates are higher than our own. /f we can not remove our restrictions and make mon ey as free as any other commodity, at least let us permit_ the same rate as allowed by other States, and thereby retain' it. within our borders. • It will be my pleasure, as it is my duty, to have a watchful care over the school sys tem of our State: No part of our govern mental policy should command the employ ment of more wisdom than that which is to pronfote the instruction of our youth.— It is a source of pride and satisfaction that our people contribute, so freely to an object so worthy as our schobls. Andthe report of the Superintendent of Comm . = Scnools must convince every reader of the happy results accruing from the judicious man .agement of our educational system. But while the doors of our schools are ()rimed wide to every one, it is sad to think that there are 75,000.thildren in the State who do not, whether prevented by the necessities of their parents or otherwise, attend and receive, the blessed' privileges of these schools This is a matter of grave import, and exaets of us all, people and Legislature alike, earnest and thoughtful consideration. SOLDIERS' .ORPRATI9. In this connection let me say a' word, in regard to a subject which has often engaged my thoughts, find to which I invoke the at tention of our lawmakers. No part of our system of education has secured so univer sal commendation,as that which is embraced in the circle of instruction of those who were made orphans\by the casualties of war. The helpless condition of' these little ones touchingly appealed to the hearts of our people, and the responee.was the establish ment of the orphim Sehools that are now the pride of our State. Buti in rescuing these children from destitution and provid ing for their education until they have at tained the age of sixteen years, have we filled the measure of our dutY, to than? Thrown out into the world \to do battle with life's trials at an age peculiarly danger ous to youth, does not common humanity require that the State should naiiintain its guardianship of these children until their habits are somewhat settled and they have acquired the ability to earn their own lihood? The establishment of indintrial schools, whereiri useful trades maybe taught, seems to promise the - lest_ and easicaL - solu tion of this problem. TSE MILITIA. It is highly important that in times 'of in aurrection and riot theme "should 'be arcofri mend a good and efficient force of militia to assist the civil power to protect property and maintain its authority. To create such a force, it seems absolutely necessary that the State must extend its aid in a more sub stantial way to those who enlist in her ser vice. The fines for the non-performance of militia duty are obnoxious to many 'of our best citizens, and yield at.,best but a slender revenue, and that, too, on a wrong basis, for property, and not the individual, should be taxed. The military should be well distributed throughout the state and the ,number of companies limited; and within the limit, to make theta efficient, every company accept ed, when found to be up to the proper standard of numbers, drill, and discjpilne, should receive directly from-the public treas ury at least $5OO per annum. tiNFT. The fire and life insurance companies are making an effort to secure uniform legisla-. tion in all the States, and the States having a large home interest in insurance have been the first to adopt 'mar principle: To inip — ose heavy fees and taxes upon pletniiiiipx,com:. panics incorporated in other States am% -do ing business in this, reacts the Uhl() companies by reason of tbe reeiprocrd laws . of those States. If it is ; deemed desirable. to protect and foster the home insurancein terest, already too long neglected, let mil; form laws be enacted... To mnit seems this interest is of sufficient importance to• war- rant the temporary loss of a portion Of the revenue now received.from the foreign•com. ptulies. The revenues from our own com panies will increase by reason of their eri'• larged business, and we will be thus- com pensated for such temporary loss, The necessity for immediate action on the part of our people to insure the. success of the Centennial Exhibition must be realized by every thinking man. • Its failure will be to our lasting shame; its success must, re ( dound tolhe honor and perman'ent benefit -4 the Commonwealth. Located in our tne ('-opt, 4tl, 'Which is fast moving to the - 'front tr the m which cities of the world, of . affording an . •tuportunity to display the pro crf ducts and resOurc our State, and or.zg , • iltimpes le o f infoirr•=- ing to foreigners new . •-• 4 f e • ft erY Lion as to our character an ••if of - certainly is the imperative du 41Y to 4, citizen who loves his State to lend hi.: D tenance and support to this great exhi, Lion. The dignity and good name of anf! Commonwealth are at stake. Let us not forfeijthese by a lack of public spirit, 03 by mistaken economy. Any proper plan the Legislature may see at to adopt to this,national undertaking shall receive hearty support of the Executive, CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM. The subject of constitutional reform Clow occupying a large share of public at tention. Opinions are various as to its pro priety or necessity, as the views of men me conservative or progressive. There is nolt• however, in session in Philadelphia a con ventioa of respectable and honorable gentle men, fresh from the people, and authorizt by them to revise the Constitution. To these gentlemen we confidently refer qu6it- Lions of constitutional reform, in the belie: that out of their combined integrity and wis• dogs will spring such measures as will be s t pcondu erityce to our safety, happiness, and prm . ' VIC SCHOOL SYSTEM. IN iltrß Ali CM zap CEISTENNI,47. SPVIC/AL., L'EGISIder lON There is one paraninunt taut growing evil, however w .t6 which, by my oath us your Ex ecutive And my senae of duty as it Citizen, I am constrained to usk your serious atten• tion. I alltide . to special legislation or the abuse of the legislative power to fOrther particular local and private ends to the c):: elusion of public business. I cannot con , demo this evil in language too strong, and h seems but the part of ,common, sense that some positive restriction be put upon legis lation which will confine it to public objects and make its enactments uniform and gen eral. • PAEDCYNING POWER There is another Subject to which I may be permitted to advert, because It concerns one of my most important functions; I refer to the pardoning power. The exercise of this power rests exclusively within the dis cretion and conscience of the Executive, and, when we consider the importunities of the friends of a condemned man, and their natural inclination to use every influence to obtain a pardon, it must be conceded that this power is a, trying and dangerous one with which to invest any one man. Any provision that would relieve the conscience and divide the responsibility of the exercise of this power must surely commend itself to the good sense of Our people. SINKING FUND There is a popular demand, too, that the oinking Fund, containing bonds that repre sent the proceeds of the sale of the public works, and which are applicable alone to the payment of the public debt, shall be kept sacred for the purpose to which it is dedicated, and that the safeguards of this fund shall be Made so strong as to protect it from every, encroachment,' however Inge niously planned or powerfully supported.— To this demand the Constitutional Conven tion will doubtless respond, and for myself I may be permitted to say that no legisla tion-impairing the security of this fund or changing its character can ever receive -my sanction. In view of the prospect that the Legisla ture will, after this session, be divested of its power to legislate for special objects, a popular apprehension is prevailing that in terested parties will push their schemes at this juncture, and make extraordinary ef forts to control legislation. I deem it my duty to impress upon the Legislature the necessity of examining with more than or dinary care every measure submitted for their consideration. BOARD OF PUBLIC CUABITIES Too much praise cannot be accorded to the honorable and humane gentlemen who constitute the Board of Public Charities for .their valuable services, gratuitously bestow ed, in supervising the manifold and itnpor tent public trusts the State has confided to tlieir•care. I take great pleasure in invit ing the attention of the Legislature to the euggestlons and work of this excellent board, and shall unite in any plan that will help these gentlemen to accomplish their benefi cent designs. CONCLIIBION We have great cause for thankfulness, my fellow citizens, when we contemplate the happy and prosperous condition of .our country. Recuperating. rapidly- .from the ravages and waste of our great civil war, she is moving for Ward to a new era • of pro grass and development. And in this march to a higher destiny in which all the •States are united, Pennsylvania. should have a place in the van—a position to which she is entitled by the intelligence,and character of her citizens, the magnitude of her resources, the extent of het' industrial interests, and the grand record of her patriotism. To maintain this position for our proud old Commonwealth will belle constant endea vor of , your Executive; and to strengthen his arm and enlarge his understanding, he asks the support and counsel of all good citizens, and humbly implores the aid and guidance of Rim who is the Supreme Ruler. Election of President. • An earnest advocacy is now being made In some quarters for an amendment to the Constitution by which the Electoral Col leges shall be abolished, and the election of the President and Vice President be made directly by the people. Without at present discussing this proposition in regard to its advantages or its objections, we wish to poirit out one notable circumstance which, in the discussions we have so far seen, has not been dwelt upon. The proposed change will, if accomplished, be one of the most signal revolutions that has so far occurred in our eonetitutional history. The doctoral meth od is so commonly looked upon as cumber some and even absurd, and it is so generally believed that the ends designed by the found ers of the Republic have been entirely de• feated in the practical operation of the sys tem,ithat a spirit of impatience has arisen in regard to its continuance which overlooks some of the important elements in the plan. Oiir present method of electing the Presi dent:and Vice President unites the two dis tinct' principles which unnderlie the organi zation of our Government—the representa tiveand the federal. It is somewhat diffi cult to define exactly what our chief execu tive officer is President of. He is not Presi dent of the States—if he was, then each State, by that principle which declares all the States to be equal in the Union, would be entitled to an equal voice in his election. He is not strictly President of the people— if he- vas, then his election would be the result of a choice in which the whole body of the people would act as a unit. We may call him, with awkward circumlocution, President of the several peoples of the States—but even this definition contains an error. In the forniation of the Electoral Colleges it is not only the people, but the States, as sovereign bodies, that are repre liente4. Each College is composed of as 'many mernhers as there are Congressional Representatives- om the State, and to these are added two Elect° • large, who repre seUt the State in the CollCge just as two Senators represent it at Washington. . In the One factor, covering the number of Rep resentatives, the people are expressed in proportion to the population of the State; in the other factor, the State, without re gard to its population, has its equal federal .representation. Here we have both the popular voice and the federal relation fully combined; we have the popular principle, as in the election of members of the House, and the federal or State principle, as in the organization of the Senate. One _effect of this is to deprive the people in _different States of an equal voice hi the election.— New York has a population of four mill ions, while the aggregate of fourteen of the smaller States only reaches this number.— And yet these fourteen States have twenty eight Elect Ors at large, or an excess of twen ty-six votes over New York in the Electors at large, but with a full exCeas of thirty votes.arising from the irregularity of repre st4ntative distribution*—for a constituency,: r 8 / collect, of about the same number of peek .p e. The inequality bettveen the people of me of Ate States in- this matter is quite rl i fteWlarthY.• A citizen of Nevada ewe. 1 tely.exereises a politiOal power in the elec tion of the President nine times as, great a a citizen of New York. An election by th people 'as .a whole would thus clearly be more accurately an expression of popular will, but, it the same time, it would essen tially change the principle of our political union. An amendment of the Constttution rettlitting the Presidential election to a pop ular vote would-for the first time give a dis tinct legarecognition of the people as one • body. According to our present organiza non, there Is no such thing known to the law as theTeople of the United States. In every ptirticular it is several peoples, and not one people, who politically speak, who, it is true, May be and often are moved by a coalmen purpose, yet who are always evi dent as so many separate groups and sys tems. The amendment proposed would make the people a unit, would give legal and political sanction to what was before only a geographical and social sentiment. It is true we find the Constitution asserting in the preamble that " we t the people," etc., but tine =fling sentence is contradicted by the last clause and by the historial facts in the case.,The people as a body did hot or '4e.in or esablish the Constitution, but the of each State ratified it for that `-d only so far as regarded its 4 `wa polnmupity. Had it '-the whole people, sa the relue "- Oar- people State, deciat,.. adoption for their ~ , been a general vote (b. I the majority would have ruleo. in I tart people Rhode Island and Non._ I,ollna. Not in the adoption of the Constitu tion, not in the adoption of amendments, , not in the election of the Executive, not in 1 the selection of Senators, not in the choice ! ' of Representatives, do we discover any ; tsuch political. body as the people of the Thai ' tea States; and hence the amendment pro ; posed would be the first legal disregard of i State lines) the first recognition of us as one people independent of State organization, [ the first public measure to render us a unit ' and consolidate us into one political corn , Munity. The importance of the 'step can be imagined, for who can doubt that it would be followed by others which would promote centralization, subordinate :state diaiinctions, and perhaps eventually . . , extinuish,tlle federal element in our organ ization altogetherl-4.lp2)lrtoid Journal. : • vT11...4- ioortt,oi Statk , ii pit: Ncicay.i.... c :Iliforatil, Cn.,l , t4:ticbt, 1)04i v Irv.. 'Ffitri‘l., tiwAt;%k , a. - .X.,,,Wtialui, kial ,ti.la. ...i.rw Hum ..biro. Ore;4“;). Sllphitt IlEclitad', 64:: ~,....., ? . ....... , - . 4 .44.,.....,...... , rauer..amermile. 1873. IMEE W-TORK TIE. Daily $1 k ; Sentf-Hreekly,.. $B4 Veekly, $2. DAILY, tV YR SUNDAY EDITIO:, A POLITIC ) , LITERARY AND - 4 3 11115- CELLAI EOUS NEWSPAPER.: A REP UT ',WAN JOURNAL, DEVOTED TO ) Efloltll 122 MUNICIPAL, STATE AND "I:BRAT, GOVEttIiXENI. The Newfrork Weekly Times A Paper for the Farmer. A Paper for Me Mechanic. 4 Paper for the People. ,I '' IN CLUBS 2F THE/PT, $1 PZIt ANNUAL Terms for Ife Weekly Times for 1873: On CO, mn, vEh1t......• ..... ......., MUD RATES : sin to Ont Pate Off,,x Addreet, From Corms Tae: C0ra...4 TWENTY COPIES TEIETY COPIES Man ON For Br TLIB SENZI-WE EXTRA COPT To Eecir Ctua. MO Fifty, One RLY TIMES TO THE GETTER-UP DV THE CLUB. When the be written upon anica of- Subscribers aro rogutred to iaeb paper of the hit) at one Post cents for each copy additional to Ofdm address, the “bove rates SPE lAL ANNOUNCEMENT. In accordance ,with oar last prospectus, the special y reduced ratesifor 1 8 72. viz : '%VanuLy, per year , $1 00 'SEMI-WEEKLY, per year 2 60 will be maintained for all new subscribers, and all old subaeribers renewing prior to the 15th day oi Jan'y, 1873, when the abgre Club rates will take effect. THE NEW-YORE VIE.E.ELY T!.9IE'S • will contain Sele-ted Editorials from the Daily Times; General News, , Domestc and Foreign ; the Proceed ings of Congress and the State Legislatures; the Choicest Literary Selections; while the moat promin ent feature will boa ! ' COMPLETE AGRICTILTVEAL DEPARTMENT. with original Articles from Practical Farmers; Full reports of the Amer:eau Institute Farmers' Club; mplete Weekly Market Reports, Financial. Domes- tic Produce, Live Stock, Dry Goods and General. AS A FAMILY PAPER, The Trams will have normperior; it Will be free from all appeals to vulgar: and impure tastes, and may be safely admitted to every domestic circle. As A REPUBLICAN JOU e NAL, The Titans will bo,devoted, as in the past, to an Intelli gent and firm support of the Republican Party. Its course in reference to the Tammany Ring, at a time when all the other daily papers in New• York obstruct 'ed and discouraged its efforts, attests its sincerity in the cause of Reform. The Timv.e stood atone in de• mending Reform 'from 1869 to the close of 1871, and' there is no sincere and honest proposal for Reform, in any branch of the Government, which will not be heartily supported by the Tibiths. But it - will not conspire in assisting ambitious politicians or denim goguesto reach power under false pretenses. It will not encourage defection from the Republican Party, which is still the party of progress, security and na !tonal prosperty. It will sustain, with all the force and influence at its command, the principles and policy which have rend. ered that Party so justly famous in our history. It will advocate those measures by which the honor, the peace, and the prosperity of the nation can be best secured and, promoted, and will constant/Y. sttitdy 'the weicita of the people rather than the wishes of the politicians. THE NEW•YORE. SEII.I4 I 7EEKLY TIMES Is published every Tuesday and Friday, and contains all the agricultural and literary matter of the Weekly edition, and a full and careful compilation of editorial and' news features of the Daily. 'Terms of the Saart-Wkarwr Trams; Ono copy, one year, $3•• two copies , one year; $5; ten copies, one year, gde—and one extr t. copy free. Subscriptions to either of our editions received for a lees length of time than ono year at the yearly rate. Thep!' prime era invariable. Remit' in drilla on New-York or Post Office Money Orders, if possible, and where neither of these can be procured, send the money in a registered letter. A3l Post-masters are obliged to rngister letters when requested' to do so, and the system is an absolute protection against loses by mall. Address TEE NEW-YORK TIMES. New-York City. THE es , UNTY NOT To be Divided. . Ls BEIALIVG 07? =3 ICTMIRE 8 4 Atk of DRY GOODS, HATS AND CAPS, BOOTS ANT) SHOE' anoutzar, DREGS. :11ZDZO PrZ,S, 40' CO:SU " HOUND Tor, PA. Jan. 21,•2m Executor's Sale. liela VIRTUE of an order of the Orphen'e Court of Tioga county, we will expose to public tale on Saturday, the 2oth., Clay of January, 1875, at the Copr: House. in the borough of Wellsboro, said county; at one o'clock, p. m., the following described property, being of the eatate of David Hart. late of said county, deceased: All that certain lot of land lying in the said boro' of Wellsboro, on the south-west side of Vain street, between Pearl and tValnut streets, being about eighty (80) ft et front on Wain street, and running back about two hundred (200) feet toward Crofton street in aald borough, containing thereon one two-story frame (Iwo'. ling house, Terms: three-fourths of the. amount of the pur chase money, payable at time of sale, and the balance in nine months therefrom. E. HART. • Dec. Si, 1872.4 w, S. SHORT. Executors. GROCERY FOR SALE. rrarE subscribers offer for sale their stock of Grooer• lea and Provision., together With the been end fixtures of the store now occuyied by them on the east side' of ' Main St. 9 - ciVellstiorg, And the getwil-will pi the establishment. • The reason for selling is that Mr. William M. In. 'strum desires hereafter to devote his time and etten. Lion exclusively to his putout car•coupling device. 4 This concern is now doing a flourishing - CABS business, and this is a line opportunity for any per son wishing to engage in *a trade. - • • WX. K. I : iCiSTSLi CO. Wellabor*, Jan, %1,167 .-Bw. Dissolution. EL firm of Lutz & Kohler, Maudleld, Pa., 15 this day dissolved by mutual conecut. The accounts of the old. firm will remain with the new firm of Lutz & Kohler. at the old place of business, and they aloua are authorized to settle the came. Ilansaeld, Dec. 23, 1972 CO-PARTNERSHIP. 91HE undersigned have tnls day entered intopartner• ship, ter the transaction' t a general hardware bus iLese at Mansfield, Pa', u ;der the firm tame and style of Lutz & Kohler. ' ' Maneftelet. Dec. 23, 1872.* Fdrm r •Sale. . _ THE subscriber offers for sale Lie term situated in Nelson Township, containing 100 acres ; 80 int. proved and about 50 cleat from stumps ; well watered and fenced ; in a geed. state of Cultivation ; good frame nonse.and outbuildings ; three good barns ; an or. CLiard of flue grafted apples, and a 1 sugar-bush of —' 300 tress. `file farm fa one-halt' lute from the "•lsoia, with its stores, shops, and churches. mho,. " With the farm it wanted. The vit & at --. Terms , one-half Dash, a ... ' . cows willte so-, ' -- Win be gives in rfruperty will ho sold alto-, .'`misoe. pre balance on time. Posseseam- --'" tharch, 1873. Apply to the subscriber on tu.. - 411 , 101493 n, Dee. 44,1873-Bm.* A. W. LUCIA.. . Administrators' Notice. T ERS of Admit 2stration of the estate of Lewitt ...Li Kelt, late of. Lawleneeyille. Tloga comity,. Pe«, necfased, haying been grouted to the undersigned by the Register of Tioga County, all persons indebtt cl to said estate are requeated to make payment, and thou , halhiag claims against said estate will present the Kano to the undersigned in Lawrenceville, Ta. EDWARD G. KOLB, the DINENSE Stoat, vitt pttoeB not to bo btatett. DO 310tfeti to JUDSON C. BMW. =oney if you "Lawroncovrne, Pa., San' y. 21.1878,4w.* 'AWN Corning, Oct. 34. 1872. \,..„ • t, . .. . . • \ _ , .-, H . . . . NO \ r , , . , . , ... , .. . .. . . , N . _ . . . \' . \ • . ~, S ' . • .. • ~..\ • ; •'' . 1 1 \ I , gasl (P 1 : \ .... ..,.,..., • , , ~_ , „ \\, ..,, ..„,, z a• tot ....$1 60 ... 125 ... 110 100 ti ot IN The Largest Establish!lent in Northe , . AVM abotilttee tor baylog and tranduts large qttaalltlea ot koala ausales tothadt to • A 10ITailt 'jobbing pticea. in otu. retail devarizadat Goods are sold at a staaTl fast s. I. large stook Transfer Sea. 1. /Stl 1.; ur. FALL AND WINTER G or 811 Ricans; CROCKERY NOT S W. G. LUTZ. FRANK .11.013.LER W. G. LIITZ, JOHN 11011LEB. - , CALL AN \~ t~ s c C c, ,r.,. N ' CI / 41.11* ` , a C3)3EI r 3F6XIMELCI 11)11,T3C+G . Tsrr ! KNOB IMOD STONR, °laws ; ALL eau, SGU AND TIMM, PALT/13 ALL VICIVM 4ABITIS.IIPB VA3I.I4ISH BRIDEDIES. A NTILL" STWS- _ Oman:watts.. striblifili and Brusheo for Carriage and, • tall Itus at all cassia -4 9 i iloo4 eariltaintos lo crux trcaitsza' kot 100;cA I 1 DRY 0-00 D GROCERIES IN ABU 3113 4 01009016 do N02110.14a arr Y ....m. lir 1 r Ti- ill En! ISO Niumu.kwax QED im:r4,ll. IND WITBII • Cutter Ornamentitig. 411.!1" THE L A. ' I= C<>/itNIZVGI , le== ~ e too ttlitr.ts ,,, ito to 4tedittoZt to good repot; add stSidA, i l I • / IMO II H ' I !!!! I 1 a id El 3 DAN i I ~~ Mae MC ;103 . blare El
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers