ViLITIE KIM-NUMBER 46. The Pass of the Merin BY JOHN O. VailTTiEll All night above their rocky bed They saw the stars mar* slow; The wild Sierra, orerhead; , The desert's death below.l The Indian from his lodge of bark, , The grey bear his den, Beyond their campAre's wall bf dark, Glared on the mountain men. Still upward turned, with anxious strain, Their leader's sleepless eye, Where splinters of the mountain divan Stood black against the Sky. Theinight waned slow 1 at last, a glow, A elbam of sudden fire, liot ni:o behind the walls of snow, Audi tipped each icy -spire. iTp, nip i" be cried ; "yon rocky comb To-day, please God, we'll pass, nd look from Winter's frozen home Oa Summer's flowers and grass I" set their faces to the blast, ' They trod th' eternal MOW', l And faint, worn, bleeding,. hailed at last The promised land below. Behind, they saw the storm cloud tossed By many.un icy horn ; Before; warm valleys wood•erubossed, And green with vines and corn. They left the winter at. their bacls, - To flap his baffled wing, And downward;,with the cataracts, ...Leaped to the lap of Spring. Strong leader of that mountain band I Another task remains, - To break from Siavery's desert land A path to Freedom's plains. The winds are wild,- the way is (hear, Yet, &siting through the night, Lo! icy ridge and rocky spear, . Blaze. out in morning light! Pan up, Frlitont! and . go before; The Hour must have its , Man; Put on the hunting shirt once more, And leap in freedom's van TINE PILOT'S STORY. Many years ago when I was 'sosmall ;a' buy as to hardiy recollect it now, my bro ther and myself were placed un board . t2 n'e of tie St. Lawrence river - stealpers as cabin boys and waitets, with a view to be. come pilots when tic were older. That was nearly .fifty years ago, and whechboats were not fitted up in the style they are now, nor were good pilots a thing to be found every day. We • had run up .and down seVeral times, when one mornin'. we stopped at Brookville to take on board': as usual; a .government liliut to guidr Us down'the river: . It WaS late in the season and we . had a Atrong wind the night before, leaving the river - rough, and our usual pilot had hard Work to keep the boat in its. proper ,rack, while it brought us . into Brookville two hours later than' the usual tube. The cluuds over herd still looked cold, and the wind blew fresh and strong, when making all possible haste, we again ptit out of the harbor and were • soon bound ing on our way. Throw , hout the morn log I had noticed an anitious. look on the captatn's face, which bespoke his *ea siness about the final termination Of our journey.. We had a good many passengers on beard, and although we , usually reached 3lontreal by four o'clock in the atternoon, we should be delayed until six, if not later. Above 'ten miles this side of La. chine, a storm of rain commenced, which rendered it almost impossible to guide the bOat at4all,:while the rapids of that name, the West terrific in the whole river, were yet -to ha passed. Tho pilot was one of the best en the route, but a man of passionate temper, with a. peculiar, dogged look. Between him and the.or dinary boat pilot there existed an old grudge, which once or twice led to blows, when they came in contact with each oth er.: That morning, when passiug one pf the higher falls; they stood ; together at the 1,1104 . when: owing to the strong :cur rent of water, and the almost exhausted strength of him who guided us all' the night, one spike' of the wheel slipped from hie hands'and nearly caused an ac cident of a pretty-serious. nature. ;This annoyed.his companion and hard ' words passed between them, since which time a sullen silence had been preserved. , ! When abo t two miles above the; ta. • chine rapids titans -of . the riggin4 ,aloft gave way .tin the night pilot mounted the upper deck' ith a ladder, and attenipted to make it f st r . The wind blew fiercely, and'While e erting all hi's strength to stay the paisehief, he lost his hold and fell, the ladder coming down directly on the head of our .government aid, wounding him severely: . Not pausing to look at the mischief, he - seised the- unfortunate:maw. and irith almost superhuman strength; . .5. • , , '-.II;, • ,4 - 1 - - 1' . ' . ' ;', ; '.,C - ' . ..-, : ;„ .„ .. • - i .. •;- - '' _..- ' ' '-- :-• - . 1 4 -• • l o 1 , . - . ' g 1 -t - :d I 1 •, • . ; ."'•••- i . . . 7i - , .„ ..,- „-. ' '' 5 : .' Allialb4, - l: 6L -'. 1 • _ - .-- rie , - -. 0 , _ : • • - •,,-, • , • , • :,_. • - -.-,, f I •,.., ~ ..5 '..'.- • -4, 'l,''Ll ', ' - •• '" -- . , .. 0 , . . -•, . ,-: 0 , , 0 ..) . ~ •'' - - . - . , 0 . A i r ..._:.-4, ' , • , _ e .. . ~ . ', i' ,_ • ~,,,,,.. _ , . . . .1 1, 1 . • , . . lifted 1111110)4yd the boat railiniz. other, quickly, gueSsing his meaning. ttio winding his arms around the neck of his companion they fell in the boilihg flood below. , We lowered the lifeboats as quickly as possible, ropes were; throwit out and every effort made to save thom— t but in vain. They rose to the surface of the ; vv.tter still. locked in eachi other's arms, and then sank from Our View for ever. • • , , • The boat now rapidly' rushed On,. cont ing near the frightful rapid, while terror struek 'face's were around us, at the thouglit that no master was near ito guide "us through the dark passage beloiv. The scene which we had just been called to witness- only made our situation more terriffie, • while wild and tearful eyes around: us bespoke the agonizing appre hension of the passengers and! crew as • we went plunging madly to destruction, scarcely half a mile from the gulf, whose dishing waves we could dis'tinetly bear. The captain had frankly told uS of his inability to guide us • through the peril ous passage. while the deck, gangway and cabin were filli-d, with men 4 women and children, some,of whom were!praying, some weeping, others intensely crazy with an .agony too intense for utterance I Women eagerly clutched their children, land liasband4 pressed their wive:3A° their busoniS with only the hope of dying to. gethee. The, captain stood at the wheel, assisted by one of the passengers, vaink endeayoring to hold out to the last .and until every effort should prove fruitless while With, strained eyes and looks of de. spair, they gazed through ti'e almost blinding storm . upon • the craggy ricks, lifting,' high their gray, bare heads out the water, and, upon which they expected every moment to.he dashed. Just as frenzy had begun to calm down ! into sober earnest preparatien 'tor the doom which awaited us, their came out of the state-room a fair young ,creatute, over whose head scarce sixteen 'stitutuers has passed. She 'was of medium height, and fair as the lily of the northern clime. She donned a dies of plain black stuff; while the zeta of one of rim de c eased pi lots was buttoned tightly around heralight form. Iler face. was ashy pale as she mounted 'the stairway. and with her hair disheveled by the'ivind, she exclaimed, in, a voice w-hiell rung clear as the, notes of a bugle above the storm : know something of this Lachine rapid, and will use my bestendeavors to guide you, q although we have everything of wind and water ..gaintit us. ; Let two OE you who are the strongest and m o st! Self-possessed stand, by we at the wheel.) while the rest invoke His aid who ever' stilleth the tempest, to guard our lite laden bark safely through the, troubled waters I" As if in derisMn of her matchless em u -. age, the mad wares dashed higher, while the thunder pealed a laud defiance to her words.. With pale face and lips com pressed, slte,took her station at the wheel, while two poweiful men stood 14 to aid her as far as possible. With a firm hand she raised the glass_ and swept the scene before-her ; bidding them to •have cour age, the boat entered upon its f . earful course, bounding'onward, as if conscious of the hand that guided its destiny, tier , orders. were given in clear," lutid tones, while she stood proudly erect her eyes brightened into a darker blue, until one would have fmcied her the ruling spirit of the itorm The water dashed at the side of the beet, crowning her fair head with glittering drops ;. yet still she stood unheeding,' while not.an eye iu all that,group but gazed in mingled awe and confidence upon that delicate form Once agafn the spoke of the wheel slip ped from the grasp of him - that held it,, but a fair handitrresied its progress and; stayed the , ..destruction which otherwise would have followed its swerve from ty, Onward sped the noble bark, when! darkness shut the last rock from our! sight, one deafening 'shoat rose. high . : 4ove the storm for her who had sol bravely guided us through the st.aduw of' death. • . Sbe would.receive no thanks for her self, but bidding us "give thanksto Hitn whys!) imibe.ever ruled] the storm," she retirOd. to her a tate•ruom, .. and was lost to •• Around tl:e eabin.tabla that night, about an hotir before we entered the bar bir of Montreal, we learoed her history. She vas the daugter of the'inernbant who owned the, line of boats, one of which she Iliad. just saved from ruin. Her mother died when she was a Child, and her father had, Yielding to. her wishes, allowed her to accompany him .in the. boat of which he was- captain ' : By de grees she had becatue acquainted .with every bend in that Imutiful.river, . while calm, and storm alike brought scenes , of beauty.to bet: eye., ,She was now on Ler wayl to visit some friends in'-Quebec, where- her lather proposed pining, her to spend the winter. A gentleman inlet .aketched 'a likeness on .t}' leaf of hirportfolio l ea , elle stood at heivio to 14e biqeipies" of DIV , 4na bisselqhmtioll of Ot'',4iitti , t-ii'o4 l #o. 1 0 1 " . I COUDERSPORT, POTTER COUDITY, PA., WEDNESDAY NOVEMBER ' 6, 1861 . . the wheel, *rapped in the! pilot's coat; with the glass in her hand ;land her full length portrait still graces' 'the gallery ,of fiat,. arts in Montreal. Many a roug hand grasped the snowy fingers at part.i ing, and many a blessing Crowned that noble head.' ' f • 1 , A tnagtateot.t diamond bracelet; hear ing' upon an inside plate the natue,of the vessel and, date' of the aecurence r was presented to her about a•week after her arrival in Quebec, by the passengershO were on bbard at• the titre; while loud and triumphant were the praises borne to the' ears ofa fond parent of the noble conduct of ',that frail but fearless one who , Lad braved the dangers before _which stout hearts and strong fortuS bad quelled.,: . i. " 7-- ' I "And what lecante of her aftenritidr?? 1. inquire& . married i - 'i ' ' i . "She nirried an officer in Quebec, and her children still . live there. One is, u noble b 4,, or rather a _ tnan now, arid ploWs the:oCean in one of the noble bat ; tle 'ships of . lingland.? I A RISKY BUSINESS- I TO inu, sir, it is a risky business'th touch the brain. A minister of the GoS . - perlpld iue of a member of his congrega , tion,‘als noble a fellow ar4 ever lived generous-=there was not a member of his church thai gave as inuoh as fie. thOugh only a member of the congrega tien, fur the support of the Gospel; stopine: partner in a firm in New York]; with a' wife and one child ;I living in gond stile. The only fault the minister hail to find with him was. he would occasion ally taken glass of_wine. and would give it to the yOung twin ; and he said. he had often talked with him *about it.: .Oise day, he saw hint with his bt v . and asked ;lihn—r.llo ion love your sou?' '`Love [dui ! noble little fellow ! I hive hiM better than my cro! "YOU would not burin him ?" ,"Hartit hurt my boy!. Never I' '.Now ybu never . t.liongtit that a gl ss of Wine-,-" "Stop you are a fanatic.; • 1 respect you as a ministeri but not your lanatacisin nu this point.: The idea ofa glass of wine hurting . tllis boy-•- - that I an gonig to ru in, my child ! Let this be a tabooed il question between us. I h Ve no patienee to hear Yon talk st , foolis:A atuut. it "-'-- It? was about six weeks aft ;r that . oneof the pattners in the house came' to see him on soitte business, anti they rode to a 'mantifueturing town abott tiveive wiles distant. lie was one of those men - "migh ty, todriuk wine, and a ina cif strengtirio mingle strong drink ;" an there is no blessing pronounced - on s 4 -,ten that•tie can do in the Bible - .tiLt, he drank this wan drunk fur the first ,ti rth hotel til e in his life; and when' they guate city c, ll gentleonnt lat ghed at his Maudlin', con pattion, r a titi said. "1 wand r what his Wife will saytO that " Return ug. they drcii e up to t he .4:lte, at.ti - the - child. with moil,- er; waS on, the nimble ste(s, svt.iting f.n ~ papa In stepping . frue.t the carriage. the drunken ituttfa foul. 4, cauglit in the 1 rein.; and, he stumbled . , , fbe had been 1 ,Sitber he , would have 'k. [reins and! the accident c {happened:. But it made I selt-contrni was disturbed jibe b‘iy by the simulde laruund, and threw hint to walk, they to hall, and laid Win fell of that on the Ito Sleep. _ This elemphatt told in for mu, and I never spe 'lry my life. There the wife in convulsions. a§leep 7 -aSleep, with- a de Yellow: lucks were dabble, in another rootn- - --usleep. aieians tqing to save the :--.-asieen node: . the trine. ' When he invoke waking. Pushing back lit is the •Intitter ? Where a is . thy ?' Where is inert see him " "Yoit . .. Must, I will .! Where is t r ay buy ?" ."You cannot see him " .1 writ see hilii.l 'must see 'my. buy r Thy took hiiit into i, the room, and turned d Own the sheet; and when he saw him• he -riett out, "Oh, liy God "• and fell bac ' senseless."—• That clergyman told me—and. I have his name in my note-bOuk—"One year frOm that :day I buried Ine body i , broUght frOm 8 .1 lunatic . asylum, to, lay side by side with his wife a nd child."' : .. 1 ' , Young, man, thank Gor tY, if You' . have ever 'darei 4• -- . /el O i ff ..oNr w,. that ihieb disturbs tb action of, the . brain,:and brings a wan to a voint whereho kutiws not whit he „It is risky business to touch te brain, mid it is the'.basiness'of alcohol odo B. Gough. ' WHEELS - ON' Prows. David White, Bergen Go., N. J. The beat way to'se cure a Uniform depth i plowing is to Use a Wheel under the e d of the beam An nuakill'ul plowman an make better work with this'additiou ban 'a good-hand 1 without it: - - , • z S Farewell to. Owl wall. •, • . BY THOMAS 11908. I I • .i . , Swallows, sitting on the eves, • See ye not thela.her' 1 sheavei See ye not th&falling Oyes ? , Farewell I • t i Is it'not time , to g 01,,. i:' To that fair land ye I.Vw . ti .The breezes as they 3 ' ' Al; : ' Of coming ;tinter tell, '' And from the:trees sh 4 dowti The brown'rl And withered leaves. IFarewe ;I • ' Swallows, it IS time toltly : 1 ' See noi'ye.the altered 1 4 ,Know ye not That winter's nigh? Farewell! I 1 ' 11 Go, fly in noisybands To those fat distant lands Of gold, and Pearl, and? Shell, ll And geip (of Which they tell , • In books of' travel otmnge) t I'? There range In happiness. .i.reweikt . '- il • • - 1 Swallows, on.yoir piniOns i gli4 . O'er the restless,i•cilling!tide Of the ocean &el) and ide; Fareweif r 1 In grOves far,ifar awayii ',•, , In slmmer's sunny ray In warmer regions dwell; • And then return to tell Strange tales of foreign lands; In bands - • 1.• • ' Pereh'd on the eves: Farewell! • • 1 ewallows, T coulif 'aim* pray - That r, you,imigl4 ly.away, And to each corning OH say—' Farewell I Yet 'tis my fate to liv.e Here, and-with cares ti strive, ) And I some day play tel . l ; How they beforeime Conquered, Then cally die, , And cry " Trials and ioils—FarL;Weirl" .NOVEMBER. ••• • • No sooner had the 414 st frost fallen, though it be entire first I (7:ay of Atituniti, than people begin to talk of the I . nditin Suunner, as if that per 41 (were .as well settled and aseitsify discerneu ls,the . reg-, ular season. Soil*" r4ently' consulted the . clerle tir the . mut her„l we propose to post our readers upon.thiimost (eh:min ing period of the year. Whitter(with a true poetic instinct : . has given us la com plete piOttire of one of thifse li3tiiazt Stub , flier • days.] We see the.;qeetniti i ." mist which is no 'nisi at all, fir the . Mornitig is as dry as a July wort:tin:l(in droutli. A soft haze hangs over fii:ld and forest, subduing the radiante of the'sun, (eve:D.:it midday. It is thi4. unuinal .Outnished light that throvis such ulcharm eiver the Inudscape. The clear ouiline of objects, so noticeable U. 13 Suinnier day,.' is no 'longer risible; and ithe ituaguratioit t. ealled into play, 40.0 Op thedefectiee vision. The itilands that he slOnibering ou the distant 'Sea; or lake, are' elevated, and so•seeni to : ' hive collie nearer to us. pt hold of the )41d not, have him antiry; and he toelr , twisted him down. As trried „ - as if they had Chart* their places in' the night. The trees lookltalier,,ad . the hills grow higher, the ; raters are agni -1 m fied, ai,ild the distant' pinin ha ,a wider expanse. The, deep luxuriant green of Summer has gone, but: the 1 laUtiscape looks far more beautiful than in its rich. est dress.., We, have th+, "diM religiinis I light” under the open stay,. and ,eVery ob ject seems glorified. The feelings very naturally take the hue iof surrounding objects, and we lolk folith upenl nature with a subcrltiietl enjoyhtent, a, perfect contrast to the rapture ',With which. we I hail the bright' skies, and the opening Bowers of Spriug.l 1 .1 Every one Mart be ebnseionsi at'titts season, of the stwrfug ofilsolue tit 're pow erful principle within luta than i tere an. iinal life. The spiritual that uie, is quick eued, and there' isla longing after some thing higiier and,better 1-. than eM-th can give. The stillnesi that reigui every where, the sober lines of the landscape, the fallin g leaves, and; the baie fields, are powerful aids to reflection' nod the mind, relea.sedifrotu the pressing l ;eares - of Summer, now falkinto genial musing.— This is one reasori, prty;bly, why these days are so enjoyable: _1 Faculties that with multitudes are parlial.y suspended under. the preSsure of busihesS,!lare now called into the highest : aetivityJ, i - These Ihdian Sueut4r' dayal are Lie baautiful to come all together,i.Orto kit long. They begin , earliest- at ' l ithe tar North. and follow] the retiring SU , lntner to the far South. ' The beit autlitirtties put them immediately sf ter 4 Squaw ,! Winter, which is the first tmld step that i ti ut estroys. tender vegetation. •Thiits often am:o putted by turries!of - soo and ,the freez ing'of the ground, as if. Ithe real Winter had entumenced. This tarei,y comes be- fore October even in. New England. The true : lndian Stputber thiin begios, nod ac cording, to the ,lialeudei we '.roOst have wed ve of these d4,ye beepre the'ieal Win. , ~ n a settee , she and iireut: to i • —"Th:ey • sent .'t suck a night at child and the 'en I'd chilli, whose in blei'4,lyip' g wiq, two phy ife of his wife influence' of it way it fearful huir+" What a) ' Where ley 1 minuet " for your safe to with ter coin iene s. We have. the:most of them in Nov tuber, rarely, hoWever, Om-, ,- . mg me , Oil 'i cue day:at a .tithe -at this ; . i ..--; late se : on. ji ; ; i;!' - They are found in .greateSt. perfection arcing the Atlantic coast, where the influ. epee: Of the i Gulf stream iti...felt. ',. A breca.n from; the' South or! . Snuthwest binga.:the attuosphere-•of the ;;tropics, and 114 mostilenjoyabie - . tvettthe.r,' of t :the year. ' !When ' - the Governor guesses right, and.Thankt , giving week fallay+upon In dian S' tomer, the cup of ble s sing runs over, a d there is nothing : more te,beAe• fired j- Theold homestead is eerie:in - than' it be Olowded, and the. last , ! 'graodeinld to be brongh!! , to the.fawily gatnering.— The vratrat sunshine Of tirebeart Ands its fitting iesPonse in the tinter ',World, and the chiq olodd of age is qtackened with a Sumner I glow again.. Oki ,tig,e,, sur rounded with children . and; th,ildren 4 .B - ahildrin, Is Mtich like the ledia. Suui mer. i.. 111 Itetbetween the netiVe thities of life and the Winter, which :,we tall Death,: but which is seally, tie Winte'r Vet. Suring titue i l if life have lieeM Well spent. It is ao rut genial, and. the!activities 1 are . subdued l / tho-passions softened, Ina I - ing it-tbe ripest, best period Suuttner life. '., 1 .. . 1•:i., . . 1 nisi rs it e month in which we ;usually pay ' our reSpeots to . ..the ~eldii f ollis at hoine,7i, and a: we ha vall:0 abundantlY of plani.ing•and hoeing; ' haying: 'andhar vestinl4, for the edificat4an ofotir . ynuug and Middle aged' friends We intpose now . • to saia word fur that less' numerous, but not leis honored class, ,whO only 'read thestiutges Ihrough the aid Of . glasseS.,, It is Stiid, with hot?mitet trtif.jr . the; can' not•tell„ that ,the custom of •returning to the'old hotnestead to , keep' thettly festi• val in;the Ptritan yew', is not so goner- , ally iiServed as in the last I g'oteration, before, ;.the advent. of ' steamers laud ;rail roairs,lWhibill Would seem 4r . ,iilakili the trip . moch more safe and pleasant. It, is certaially. true that the day is i nictre .teide ly obse;rved, ntarty all. the States takinei mbliemetice of it, the. elturalid.4 tiAther• bSIFS. I= EMI I ME I= M ing foil worship, ,and familie4 !doing am. ple jitrtice to the roast turkey and' Ole chicken pig: BUt the charge that the son., _Who left,l the; farm in early Who hr been prospered in the pity. Oafs at•wore agrdeable to spend the day :'round his own matitiganY,' and inside hisovirti oittrbi fic4,l.t . lian,,to make a Pilgritim,tie to the 'tum b le 'dwelling that tqlelterctl his chilidliond and there keenthe feaSt in planter; style; with father'. and ,another.— lie has hose his relish,. not only fur try Hi, butffer the tiotple.thanners and frugail.fare,of the 60a old people ithat gave lion being, , nouri - shed his! helpless infane , , and trained ;bilis 'tol habits tf - virtue; nd industry. U hall forgotten the Pliun,-,+anite rook wheepe he was hewn; !and 4ffe' cts marble! ; may be ptittit4 the !case rather, strong, for btisi ness Cares rather .thati.. pride, ! . would gladly lbeliei:e, wean- . ions acid from the of hemisredil. 1514 is - ,pay• ing itiOl high u Hee for worldly sneeess, hossrer pilaf, when if bluutglilial tiffee• mien, and weati, us from the assiditities that U , e always rice to- parent 4: Tlpilgrimage at an reasona ble 4aerifiee; Will Make better sons and daugliiers, atid.give hap2ioess that ' , gold can not onichase. The of - folks are . Oft en loinely at the eventide of life,: having sent [nut all their ahiidreu tit new. and . tiistant homes. Pik, year, the , war has taken the hist son from, spine; of these - homesi, and 'the Benjamin cif the farnilv on whim they laidleined for support, wilt spend this fcstlial to the tented fitid. 7 " .j These who can, should, go to cheer the - sel ber'eaved hearts, now :•mitiene-t1 by Ia dhuble grief, I their, cuunfry's . and 4heir own.— Aineriicau Agrecu'ltue4st.l • • . , I•- ! I Quincy Adams on slavery ,ad Emancipation as' Af fected by War. 184 T, kApril 14,) , johm, quincy we made.in the liunse; of Represen- Job a ; I In Ada in tatitjeli. a speech on apprehended war with "Great Britain 'and' critli'..' Mexico. I 1 L ; whereof the followtug extract will be read . ' with lively!interest: : 1 i ! iiltsaid that. as far ,t 4 I; conid under ,stand the !resolutiona proposed by the gentleman from Ohio t Mr. Giddings,)- theie were some of thenf for which!l was ready to vOte and 'same Which II must vote against; and-[ ,wi)l now tell ,this Iluns, miconstituents AO the world a manitind.. 'that the , reseintion ; against whieli I wouid have 4nted Usti that in whO he' ;declares • that ,what are ;called ihe' t ahtve S , ates haie the ‘xclersive right of Consultation on the sithject of slavery. Yuri that resolution' I : ' .nevernhi wo.:iote; becattse I believe that I inn nOt Mist and &es hot contain consii!iitioual (doctrinal I. bslileve that so long ha the Shire States' arela let'n sustain their itintion with-1 . out;in... abroad; or dlli .. upon other parts of the Union to:id rbetn.or Uct. Gal the a bjeci, so long I' Will ne'vet oOnsent to in erfere But I( thei come. to the' Free Scam; and . say ;to' thent . imil must help us to', leen down -air-''slaves,, you most aid "cts in - au iinutrecitiou au4, a aivil tERIES.:SI:OO PER = war, then I= say that with that . call 4 mess a-411 and :plenary. power , ttr thra ~Ele.USa; and to the Senate oast , the. whale., subl: ject. It is a war porter.„ I say, war power; and When year country is rte. ; wally in war, Whether it' be - a war, of in-, - vasion or a war of iusurrection, Cengreal: ;his ,power to carry. :on the war; must cap , ry ken ,accOrtliag to the laws of war and by the ,taws of war .an invaded caatt, try has all its laws and: municipal :4 1 1: tutions swept by th e hoard; and ;nint h law takes the placed them.' This,' pow,' er Congress has perhaps. never beett • called idtd eziercise . under Alio P*1:14., Constitution 'of the United States. .Bttt. when laws of warfare are in force, ,What,.. I ask.iscne of those laws? It is that when , a country is invaded and two hostile armies are , set in,martial array, the., corn nftip der.s of,6ptli armies •Aave power, , to entan4rte t% iIIC slam in theinuad..... ed territory. Nor, is this it , ipere theor l etic -statement. The history of , South: America shows that . the doctrine has beep carried into execetion within the( last) thirty,. veara. Slavery was alxdished. iir Colunitria, first-by the Spanish Getter, al Mifflin, and seCondiy by the Atneri l can General Belivar. It was abolished by - virtue>f a wiliniry command [gives, at the head of the army, and its apojitiop continues . to .be a law to this day. ~lt mut abolfidiej by the laws of war, and, out by•tounicipai enactments. The pow- . er was exercised by Military:commandan t : under instructions, of muse, NM their, reSpective gevoruments. • Congress. is. now about passing a t grant to refund to, Gen. Jackson the amount of a certain ' foie imposed upon him by a Judgennder, ' the laws of the State of labuisiana... lire:going to refund him the money with, interest and this - you. ire going to do:, because the itupoqition of the fin, .was, unjust. And, why . unjust .13enansa`.._ General Sackson was acting under ithe, t laws' of - war, and because the moment?: you place a military commander in a, trim which is the th;Jater of.war ! .the laws, of war apply to that district. I ;have a : correspondence betiieen General Jackson and the Governor of Georgia, durum the ; Seminole : Campaign,' in: Which .Genera, Jackson asserts the principle that Aie, its Governor of the State within' his . (Gin. JaCkson's) military - division, bad no right . to give a military order while •he (Gen: I Jackson) was in , the field: The Gover. nor contested the power of General Jack... son, and said ail he could for State rights ; but General Jackson had given an order, and that order was carried into„ while the order of the Governor. ' was, suppressed. General . Saeksou heti the right of the question. ' might famish a thousand proofs to: show that the pretentious of gent .. .len:lea_ to the sanctity of. .tu their unicipalinstitu• tions.urider a state,pf aptual invar;oll a actual war, whether servile, eivjl or foreign, are wholly nufonnded, "end, that ili-O - hme,of war do, in nil such cases, take, preacience. Iby this down as "the law of 'nations.. I say that the military au. 7 thurit t y !Ass, for the tithe , the place all:Municipal-institutiOnsi gave)* among the rest. U V oder that state of things, eo fari from — ifs Deng true that the ; States. where 'slavery .existp Dave the sot. management of the subject, uot o nly the, President of the United States,. but the: commander of the army 4as ispuler' to .' order the Mrcveria/ emancipation of th'e dares. ; . "I have riven more in detailW . Prlaci t ple which I''have asserted .. .en this floor, before now, and of Which - I-have no more doilbt,-finin that you, sir, occupy that; ' chair.. I give it iu its developtnent, in, order tb: t any gentleman, from any Part of the Union, way deny, the truth this - position, if he thinks proper, and way maintain his denial, not by Lion, not by passion ,and, fury, but, by sound sober reasoning from the laws of, war. If my, position can bo answered" and refuted; I shall receive the :eft:att.:. tion with pleasure. I shall' be glad to listen to reason, aside, liis 1 - say; from in. : dignation and passion. If, by the font,' of reasonft; L ,cr. wy ttnarstanding can bet: convinced, I here,ple4ris myself to terinl what I have asserted. ' "Let., toy position be answeroa; Jet trte be told, let my constituents be told„ let., the people of wy State be . told, (a Staley . whose • soil' tolerates' not this font or o k ` slave,) that they.are bean& liy 'the Con- Atnut ion; ,to ;.a long and toilsome Ararch,;- under burning sututues . suit s, ly Southern clink:. forthttauitPlevrion : ot, a servile war. That they - . are Patina lenve their bedies.to rot upon tha . sank' of Cara ; to4fave tlrik wives; "Odom', ; and their children, orplians;: that tho.a, cannot starch- are bound to pour oat their treasures, while their sons and-brothel-3 . ot* pouting out their. blood to autpress a, serviley , war: . combined with a cittil era foreign:Nat; and yet" that there exists:no power theyormi . the litaitsd the stave Statertwhemaoch a *sr T. is raging) to eroaneipate the slaves.:, .I R et this he proved:l:Say:l *mot en to conviction; bfttr till that conviction- climes, I plait: sari,b,:ltat,::;- as a dictate of featly. but cuta setded usa.liexi . of the laws of nations that in such a rast — i . W. military power-suporsedsr the ;Mt ps-v-e a El El , 1,... II -
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