VOLUME XVII.
asriculturaL
SECOND ANNUAL
AGRICULTURAL & HORTICULTURAL EL
HIBITION. To be held at the City of
Lancaster, Pa.,
•Octocer 20th, 21st and 2241.
A large board hall will be erected, eon
',leniently arranged. for the exhibition of the
Mechanic Arts.
Special regard will be paid to the pro
per display and security from exposure to
the weather of all Mechanical Productions,
Premiums will be awarded for the same.
Large TENTS and other fixtures will be
properly arranged for the exhibition of do
mestie house hold goods, implements, fruits
and flowers.
The Grounds containing 15 Acres, lay
east of the city, on the Philadelphia and
Lancaster pike, and have been arranged
with stalls, sheds and other eretions fcr the
accommodation of all kinds of stock, for
which Premiums will be awarded.
Farmers and Mechanics therefore of
Pennsylvania and all sister Stales, aro
cordially invited to attend and participate
in the Exhibition.
All Exhibitors must become members of
the Society. •
Articles and stock must be on the
'ground and arranged, not later than Tues
day, the 19th.
On Wednesday, the 20th, it is expected
that the Judges appointed, will be on the
'ground punctually at 9 o'clock, A. M., so
that any vacancies which may occur can
be properly filled up by the Executive
Committee, who will be in attedance.
During the examinations of the Judges;
it is specialy enjoined that no persons what
ever, but the persons having charge of the
articles, shall be present at their ex
aminations or deliberations.
On Wednesday, the 20th, the grounds
will not be open except to the Officers,
Judges, Exhibitors and the proper Commit
tees, until 2 o'clock, P. M., when members
of ie Society and visitors will be admitted
—after which time the Exhibition will be
open to the public.
Price of single admission to the grounds
25 cents. Those who pay one dollar and
become members of the Society will be ad
mitted during the Exhibition, with the fe
male members of the family and others un
der 21 years.
The ploughing match will take place on
Friday, the 22d, at 10 o'clock, A. M.
• •
Th - eannual Address will also be deliv
ered on Friday, on the Exhibition grounds,
after which the Premiums as awarded 1611
be announced to the Exhibitors.
Articles and Stock for exhibition, the
Penn'a Railroad have given assurance, will
he transported free of charge—if sold how
ever, at the Exhibition, freight will be
charged. Also the said Contrauy and
Messrs. Bingham 6, Dock have both agreed
to issue excursion tickets to passengers to
the State Fair, at half price. Exhibitors
of Stock would do well to give at least
two weeks previous notice of their inten
tion to send Stock, to the company or per
son at the Railroad station from which
their Stock is to be sent.
Articles for exhibition sent, not atten
ded by the owner, or previous to their
personal attendance, must be directed to
the care of DAVID HARTMAN who will
take charge of them anti have ;hem placed
at the Exhibition ground. In every ease
articles should be carefully labelled with
the owners name and residence.
The Society will defray all strorage at
Lancaster and expense of hauling to and
from the grounds.
Owners must take the entire charge of
their articles on exhibition, at the close of
the Annual Address, as the Society cannot
give attention to them, or he responsible
in any manner after that time, further
than to deliver them over to the Exhibi
tors.
Member's tickets will be furnished dur
ing the Pair, at the Treasurer's office, at
the entrance of the grounds.
(Ey — A vigilant Police will be kept on
the grounds, and a night and day watch for
the better security of articles on exhibi
tion. The Public House keepers and pri
vate Boarding House proprietors of the
city of Lancaster, have assured the Conn'
'tattoo of Arrangements, that they will
wake every effort to render strangers and
visitors comfortable, and at the same time
be most reasonable in their charges. Ar
rangements will be wade, if necessary, by
special trains of ears to lodge several thou
sand persons every night in Columbia and
the surrounding towns.
D. W. PATTERSON, Chair's,
JOHN MILLER,
BENJAMIN ESIILEMAN,
JACOB FRANTZ,
JACOB.I3. GARBER,
ROBERT C. WALKER,
JAMES EVANS,
CHRISTIAN B. HERR, •
LIGHTNER SHARP,
JOSEPH KONIGMACHER,
Committee or Arrangements.
Lancaster, Pa., September, 1852.
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HUNTINGDON, PA., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1852.
Votitical.
For the Journal,
PROTECTION,
Its Effects upon Farmers, Mecham.
ice, and Laborers.
The necessity of protecting domestic in
dustry against the competition of foreign
pauper labor, is gradually forcing itself
upon the minds of honest, independent
thinking men. In despite of all that may
be said and written to the contrary, public
opinion is guided by common sense, and
not 'by a bungling and twisted theory. For
the bulk of every community have common
sense, and by that they will always see the
absurdity and impracticability fo pursuing a
policy long, which is so detrimental to the
interest of the people. All that the ene
mies, of their country's prosperity, can ev
er do, is to amuse a few light-minded peo
ple for a season. For their seeming admi
rers mostly leave them out of sight, when
they come to meditate seriously upon the
matter, for such babblers and scribblers,
who have either a direct or indirect inter
est at stake, can make no lasting impres
sion, for they never have produced one sol
id and impregnable argument. The impres
sion which existed among some of our far
mers and labourers, that the protective
policy was not the true policy for their in
terests, is gradually wearing off, as it
should. For any man who will open his
mind to reason, will sec that the American
farmer can not raise his wheat, incur the
expense of transportation, and sell it in Eu
rope at as low a price as the European far
mer, who has none of this extra cost, and
who pays a mere trifle for labor.
. Without the home market, the American
will have poor sales for his products, and
they will continue to decline, until a Pro
tective Tariff supplants the the Tariff of
1846, and until the home market becomes
active and reliable. But how can we cre
ate such a market ? Certainly not by
adopting a policy of Free Trade, fur that
exactly suits Great Britain. For she has
an immense start over us, in the manufac
turinr,' line, and such a system would for
ever leave her without a rival. But by
giving additional protection to the diffitrout
manufacturing interests of our country,
there is no occasion of sending our Cotton
to a distant country, to have it worked up
into cloth, and then transported back again
for consumption.. And again, why not es
tablish furnaces and forges, where there is
iron -ore, and coal, and provisions, in abun
dance,' instead of sending your provisions
three thousand miles, and then have them
brought back in the form of iron, and com
pelling us to pay for all foreign manufac
tured articles, gold and silver? The de
plorable results of the present Tariff aro
but too plainly seen in some' of the iron
producing counties, (Clarion for instance,)
where most of the furnaces and rolling
mills have suspended operations, and have
thrown part of the laud connected with
them into the market,—as well as the land
of others who were dependent upon that
branch of industry for sustenance. Now
the market is glutted--the price of land is
reduced—property sacrificed. The busi
ness of the country suffers from this de
pression—the value of property declines
to a large amount as soon as the furnaces
cease operation; Consequently there is not
so much taxable proOtrty. This deficiency,
then, must be supplied by increased taxa
tion upon the farmers and those following
other pursuits. Thus by the depression et
this one interest the whole community suf
fers—thus the present Tariff injures all--
it injures the farmer by depriving him of a
safe and reliable home market. It injures
the laborer by depriving him of steady em
ployment, and compels him to loose time
and money in quest of work. It injures
the mechanic by taking a large atuouut of
work away from him, upon which lie de
pended for a living. And it injures them
all, by compelling them to raise the amount
of money which is lost to the State by the
direct depreciation of property, resulting
from the stoppage of those establishments.
These are facts which speak plainly, and
show that Pennsylvania can never flourish,
unless American labour is protected,
and American enterprise encouraged.
C. M.
[ll7The following beautiful sentiment
was uttered by Gen. Scott. No man hold
ing such feelings can be a mercenary sol
dier : "I have served the Union for forty
odd years, and feel myself a citizen of eve
ry part of it : and whatever of life and
strength I may have, shall bo devoted to
its preservation."
THE CUT DIRECT'—The Washington'
Union says, Gen. Stott was selected on no
count of his military success and nothing.
else. In reply to the Union, the Albany
Journal remarks, that Gen. Pierce was se
lected for exactly the same qualifications—
excepting the military successes.
17 — It scents that under locofoco rule
the N. V. canals are decreasing their re-
Give me Wo!ILI only give me
Work!
'At this timd the reward of labor is en
tirely inadequate to produce the ordinary
necessities of life, and the operatives have,
as a body, the means of but little if any
enjoyment. The average price of labor in
the United States does not exceed 75 cents
per day, and I rather think, from my own
opportunities of judging, that it will not
roach 62i cents for men: and for females
not exceeding 25 cents per clay, exclusive
'of board and lodging. The Verity of this
statement any intelligent man may readily
ascertain, by an examination of his own
neighborhood. I ask, in the name of hu
manity, is such a pittance sufficient to give
a laboring man the indispensable necessa
ries for a wife and family, however eco
nominal? If sickness or accident overtake
him or his family, what is he to do to sup
ply himself with the most ordinary com
forts? Is it not calculated to distress and
render him unhappy and miserable, and as
a consequence will he not be stimulated to
get, by any and every means in his power,
those indispensable necessaries—to disre
gard the rights of others, and (if not steal,
and lie, & cheat,) he must beg of his more
fortunate neighbors, or become a recipient
of public charity—both he and his little ones
and partner? Is there any neighborhood
exempt from such examples? It is not a
colored picture, but a sad reality. The
years of 1839, 1840 and 1841, were strik
ing elucidations of such cases, when the
cry of sober, industrious, orderly men
"give me work! only give me work! make
your own terms—myself and family have
nothing to cat," was heard in our land.—
In those years, thousands of cases of the
kind occurred in all our populous districts.
In the past three years, the demand for
labor has been lessening all the Wile and
the reward keeping pace with the de
mand."
We take the above from the communi
cation of a "ferns laborer," which we find
in the Pittsburgh Daily Dispatch, and do
so because we desire to bear our testimo
ny to the perfect truth of each and all of
its statements. The demand for labor is
steadily diminishing, and there is, conse
quently, a steady decline of wages, as,
one by one, the various establishments
at which labor was required are being do
sed. Prom week to week we have to
chronicle the ruin of mill owners and fur
nace owners, and the closing of their es
tablishments, the necessary effect of which
is to those employed in them to seek sonic
other employment, and thus to produce in
all others new competition for the sale of
labor, with necessary diminution in the
compensation of all. It is not, however,
in the larger branches of business alone
that this is seen. It extends to all. Our
shops are filled with foreign commodities
of various kinds, that, under the tariff of
18-P2, were produced at home, but which
now come from abroad, while our own wo
men and our own children are unemployed,
and obliged to go in rags, even when ena
bled to obtain food s but finding it often
difficult to get even the food itself.
We desire particularly to call to this
paragraph the attention of all our working
men. Let them read it and then let. them
answer to themselves if there would not be
more demand for labor, and if wages
would not be higher, if we were building
new mills and new furnaces, instead of
closing old ones, and driving their occu
pants out to become competitors with those
who now produce wheat, or hats, or shoes?
We add now to our population almost a
million of people annually, and the num
ber of adult males annually added is but
little short of half a million, every one of
whom must now find employment in some
one of the pursuits that are as yet protec
ted from foreign competition, and the con
sequence of this is, and must continue to
be, an excess in the number of persons
seeking to make hats or shoos, steamships,
locomotive engines. Open the wills and
furnaces, and at once there will be created
an outlet for groat numbers of these peo
ple. Build mills and furnaces and fur
ther outlet will be created, and with each
step in this direction there will be a dimi
nution in the number of persons seeking to
be employed in making shoes or hats, prin
ting books or newspapers, and thus all win
be benefitted.
How is this to be done? we, may be ask
ed. For an answer, wo would beg to re
fer the °milker to the working of the
Whig tariff of 184'2, under which wo built
so many mills and furnaces, that we. doub
led the consumption of cotton and woolen
cloth and trebled that of coal and iron.—
Lot the farm laborers of the country, and
the city laborors, and the mechanics,
awake to the fact that the object of Whig
policy is to give protection to the laborers
of the country, whether they be of foreign
or domestic origin, and let them determine
to vote for Scott and Graham, that Whig
polities may be carried into pratical effect.
Let them do this, and they will not again
sco the time when willing laborers will be
forced to cry, "Give me work! Only give
acrts the cry in the closing year of the
last British free trade tariff, and such
willhecomo the cry under the pres
ent one. Snob was not the cry in 1845
and 1846, under the tariff of 1842, for
Ore work was everywhere seeking the la
borer, and so will it do again whenever the
workingmen of the country shall determine
tluit they will protect themselves against
the low priced labor of Europe.—NY.
Trib,me.
Scott in the West.
"Conies from the West, in thunder tones,
Hurrah, hurrah, hurrah !
Scott is' our best our chosen one,
Hurrah, hurrah, hurah, !
East, West, North, and South—united
shout
Their love for Graham and for Scott
Hurrah, hurrah, 'mural, !'
The news from the West is of the most
cheering character. A prominet Citizen
of Indiana, in a letter to a citizen in Mary
land, says that "the Whigs are very san
guine of success;" that they 'are raising
Scott poles two hundred feet high in every
direction,' that 'the enthusiasm is greater
than in 1840,' that , no doubt Indiana, will
go for Scott and Graham;' and that the
:I,oc:duces are 'down in the mouth,' and
'give up the election.'
Another citizen of the same State, who
has always acted with the Democratic par
ty and been elected by them to several im
portant offices, thus writes to a citizen of
Washington:— . _
I cannot and will not vote for Pierce—
and many of my neighbors are of my opin
ion. shall vote for Gen. Scott, and so
will they. Ours is the second strongest
Democratic county in the State, I believe,'
and I had a strong hand in making it so,
as is well known here. lam of the opin
ion decidedly, tlmt Indiana will go for
Scott, notwillistanding you all think at
NVashington, 1 suppose, that Pierce will
carry it.
The Cincinnati Gazette has the follwing
on the same subject :
In Clio we-have everything in our favor.
There is not a Whig. county in Ohio where
Scott's majority will not he much larger
than Taylor's, nor a Democratic county in
which Pierce can get Case's majoity.
Besides all this, there are other reasons
which will have a potent influence on his
election, but which cannot be fully estima
ted tia the campaign has further progress
ed.
We confidently hope for Indiana and
Michigan, and do not yield Wisconsin, lo
wa, and California. In fact, if the friends
of Scott and Graham areas active and en
ergetic as they ought to be, Scott's mai r
ity rosy be as large in proportion as that of
Harrison, and in all propability will be
larger than that of Taylor.
[The Democrats lose their temper at
any allusion to Gen. Pierce's millitary
achievements. They have no one to blame
but themselves. They brought him for
ward as a great Hero, and challenged the
admiration of the world. That forced his
opponents to look into the records. They
there found, by Gen. Pierce's own show
ing, and the official reports, that he was
not in one of the battles of Mexico. lie
was disabled on the litth ofAugust it Con
treras, by the fall of his horse, before his
brigade-got iuto position. The next miter
ing Contreras was stormed and carried be
fore he left his bivouac —he not being able
to walk or set on Ills horse—the command
had devolved upon Col. Ransom. This is
his own statement. At Churubusee, that
evening, he fell faint from exhastion, with
in a few hundred yards of the enemy's lire.
At Melba, Del Ray, the Bth of Sept., he
did not roach the ground until more than
an hour after the battle was over, accord
ing to Worth—and just after it, according
Ito Scott. On the 12th of September, be
ing ordered to make a movement, "imme
diately under the guns of Chapultopec"—
before the movement was made, he became
so unwell as to be compelled to leave the
field. He continued sick all the next day,
(the 13th,) when Chapultepee Was stormed
—and until the morning of the 14th, when
the fighting was over and proposals for the
surrender of the city bad been made.—
Major Stevens says he did not know that
these proposals had been made . at the time
lie reported hiinself for.duty. Allow him
all the credit for that, still the fact is not
affected;—luck was against hint; and he
was not in a battle:
When the Democrats cease to urge him
as a hero, 'Ai will cease to quote the roc
ords.—Richmond whig.
SCOTT IN CALIFOItNIA.-A Gentleman
in San Francisco writes to his father by
the last steamer : “The Stat of California
will give Gen. Scott a majority of at least
10,000. The Whigs here are in high
glee, and are sanguine of success.—N.
Times.
;D—During tho last eighteen months,
•••••
0
( A 4 Olt ittt(L
4fte.
Vattscrliancotm.
For the Journal
The Slanderer.
Thou g h man was originally formed after
the image of God, there arc now, and have
been, in all ages, those of his species who,
forgetful of their immortal destiny, fell
from the lofty eminence they were intend
ed to occupy, forfeited the high privileges
and distinctions, bestowed upon them by
their Creator, and reduced themselves to a
level, aye beneath the level of infernal
fiends themselves. Yes, there are creatures,
bearing the appellation and exterior appear
twee of man, who are so lost to every great
and noble sentiment, so dead to the com
mon feelings of humanity, and so destitute
of honor, virtue, charity or candor, as to
degrade the noble powers of the under
standing to the basest, the most anti-Chris
tian purposes; to demonize, alike, their im
mortal spirits and humble clay! Such
monsters exist! Nor need we go back to
barbarous times, nor travel into heathen
lands, to find such fiends in human shape.
They dwell amongst ourselves. They are
found living in a land of liberty and civili
zation; resting
on a Christian soil, in the
midst of moral and religious communities,
whose unsuspecting Members arc, by them,
driven into the awful gulf of unmerited dis
grace and infamy, like innocent lambs to
slaughter. I repeat it, such standing ex
amples of infamy exist! Their effect on
surrounding intelligences, is like that of
the l'pasy the noxious odor of which with
ers, cons times, destroys,—saps the fountain
springs of life of every species of vitality
that comes within the reach of its widely
extended, contaminating influence.
In this long, pointed list of black-hearted
monsters, there is none more detestable,
more deserving the universal execration of
mankind, than he who wantonly and un
.provekedly aims the poitonons and pesti
lential shafts of slander at an unconscious
victim. lie is emphatically the foulest
wretch on the face of God's creation.—
. ills words arc double pointed diggers, dip
ped in poison; his breath destruction, borne
' on the wings of the hurricane; his heart is
! an Erebus as black as hell, and his
thoughts a fit representation of a conclave
of devils.
Compared with this 'offspring of Satan,
all other felons appear but venial offeders.
The injuries they inflict on society may be
repaired, but those which he entails on his
victims are as lasting as they are unmeri
ted, as immovable as their author is perfidi
ous. His tongue is the merciless dagger
of the midnight assassin. Neither age
sex, nor station, is security against his as
saults. The innocent, the unsuspecting,
and, more particnlary, the unfortunate,
are his choice victims; thousands of whom
are blasted by his pestiferous breath. His
breast is the reservoir of abominations; his
brain a whirlwind of filthy passions, and
his mouth a vial of wrath, whence issues
hourly a tissue of calumnies which make
surrounding intelligencies shudder, cause
angels to weep, and the very fiends from
whom he copies his actions and receives his
inspirations, to stand aghast with astonish
ment and almost envy the hellish, deeds of
darkness which trancend their own powers
of invention, and are alone worthy of
damned spirits themselves. Language is
inadequate to the description of this pollu
ted miscreant. Epithets sufficiently ap
probious are wanting to describe his infa
my, to explain his principles, so as to ex ,
hibit them in their proper odium before an
injured community.
The highwayman and even the murderer
can, in sonic measure, be guarded against.
The slanderer cannot. Ile assumes the
garb of hypocrisy; and, under pretence of
doing a service to his fellow citizens,
vends the creations of his own malignant
spirit for long established though perhaps,
lately ascertained truths. By one fatal
• thrust at the craraJter of his victim, he sets
in motion the spring of a mine which seldom
fails, in the explosion, to cast a blighting
mildew over the unconscious sufferer, which
no time can disperse, no subsequent con
duct on his part, entirely remove. His in
famous designs are matured in secret, and
never openly promulgated until the work
of destruction is certain. He not unfre
quently, serpent-like, twines around the
object whose ruin he is plotting, and al
ways concerts his schemes with the preme
ditation of guilty design, so as to preju
dice the public mind and overwhelm his
prey before he discovers the fearful chasm
that yawns to receive him, and which clo
ses over his head, and seals his fate while
it screens the perfidious author of his de
struction, from detection, exposure, and
the merited indignation of outraged hu
manity. He acts with caution. lie is too
pusillanimous to run any risk. Is the
success of bold measures doubtful, he re
sorts to timid ones. His craven-souled
principle is evinced by his attacking those
who, twin situation and circumstances, are
sliest exposed to his missiles, and who have
the least power to withstand the assault,
or counteract his design.such an object be
-
NUMBER 40:
companied by a charge of secrecy. First the
intended victim is represented as holding
obnoxious religious and political opinions.
Ile is an Idolater and an Infidel in Church,
and an Aristocrat in State. The public is
in this manner, prepossessed against the
accused.. The first breach in the wall is
made. Those who hear and I,,lieve these
things, arc prepared to receive iiny thing
that follows; for, of what may not an In&
del or an Idolater be play? Ciraire char
ges against the moral Character of the
proscribed individual are now insidiously
added to the damning catalogue; and from
some unguarded expression, some isolated
net of indiscretion, or the notoriety of emr; ,
nexions, the malignancy of the slanderer
—perhaps goaded on by envy—draws
proofs to establish his foul-mouthed asser
tions. The credulity of the multitude is
easily wrought upon, most men beirr , more
inclined to believe ill, than to think' well,
of others.
A torch being thus applied to the train,
the machinations of the enemy arc suceess:.
ful. The fair fame of his victim is blast
ed; the place ho once held, in the trfrections
of his acquaintances is annihilated; distrust
and suspicion succeed to former confidence
and respect, and he sinks under the wcight
of base contamination ! Ile sinks, T say
for who can withstand the scowl of COll
- or the finger of scorn ? He that
can, must be more or less than mortal. It
is impossible to brave; unmoved; a storm
like this. Conscious rectitude is inade
quate support under such circumstances.
The highwayman who stops you on the
road and robs you of your money, does you
an injury; but it is an injury that can be
repaired. Industry and economy will soon
rephiCe the loas.
The incendiary who applies a firebrand
to your dwelling, does you an injury. lie
deprives you of a habitation, sends you na
ked and destitute into an uncharitable
world, and subjects you, for a time, to the
pinching gripe of poverty. These, also,
are injuries that may be repaired. Time
will disperse the amid that now hangs
heavy over your head. Redoubled exec-
thins will rear for you a new dwelling, even
more comfortable and splendid than the
first. . The short season of adversity which
you have experienced, will more fully qual
ify you for the complete enjoyment of re
turning prosperity. Restored to your for
mer situation, past afflictions of this kind
but give a zest to present comforts. Be
sides all this, you have the good WlRile3
and assistance of your associates and neigh
bors to support you in your trials; for cal
lous and unfeeling as the world in general
in other respects, it seldom fails to sym
pathize with those whose property is un
justly taken or forcibly destroyed; isy the
bandit or out-law.
The injury Nthieh you sustdin through
the traduction of the slanderer admits of
no such reparation: No time can heal the
wound he has inflicted. Ihinds cannot re
build the edifice he has destroyed. The
dews of heaven eau not resuscitate the
flower whose root is the canker-worm's
prey, nor restore to life the stalk whose
vital sap is congealed, dried up by noxious
agents. Reputation is a delicate plant,
which, if once blasted, never revives—a
jewel, which, if once tarnished, never re
sumes its primitive purity, its prestine .
splendor. Sensible men may; perhaps, af
ter a long probation, again receive the in
jured and detest the injurer; but oven an
unfavorable suspicion, once fairly implant
ed in the mind of the multitude, is as du
rable as their own existence. Envy, igno
rance and =lice; will continue to fan the
flame, and, if necessary; supply it with
fresh fuel, "while life doth last—while re
collections live." Must other monsters
indict merely temporal injuries—the slan
derer's are eternal—generally Confined to
the immediate victim; but not unfrcquently
entailed on his posterity. The former take
only the perishable goods of the body,—
the latter filches the immortal furniture of
the soul. The former aro obnoxious to
laws which afford a remedy,—the latter is
above all jurisdiction, and tramples alike
on all laws, human and Divine.
Blush ! if ()filmiest blood one drop romnin.
To steal its lonely sae along thy veins ;
It to be branded with the shoolerees name,
And, though then dreeol'st not sin, at least dread
shame,
Blush! if the bronze, long hardeneti on thy check,
Con find ono spot where that poor drop es.
spenk."
Huntingdon, Sept. tun,
THE COMINC WINTER.-A Correspun
dent of the Cocil Democrat predicts that
the approaching winter will be a very cold
one for the reason the past winter was
very severe, and ono cold season is gener
ally followed by another,, It was so in '3l,
'32, and '36 and '37. The spring opened
late ; and the present summer has been
very cool, with very little hot weather;, so
we may look out for early frOst and an- -
other hard freeze.
U. A. 11