1 jr..l;ior3 ani withhold ikz co;jiJef jtion of that compact. Under the head of, the fourth article in the second section, and third clause, it is declared thit "no person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws there of, escaping into another, shall, in conse quence of any law or regulations therein, be discharged from such s ervice . or labor, but shall be delivered up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due." . This clause of the Constitution as is e qually binding on the States, and the peo ple of the States, as any of the foregoing articles, or clauses of that instrument, are obligatory upon the Federal Government. Yet your committee feel themselves bound to say, that in their opinion it has been in fringed, and its solemn injunction disre garded by more than one member of the confederacy. This cause of complaint should be removed, anu tins reproach should be done away notwithstanding the prejuaices of some, and the impracticable chimeras of others, should clash with the fulfillment of this plain duty to the ancient honor of our State, and to the Union. For the States, as parties to this Union, should fulfil in good faith, not attempt to defeat, the stipulations entered into in the Constitution. The precision with which the powers delegated to Congress by the States were defined, and especially in the seventeenth clause of the enumerated powers, is a ca veat against assumption of any supposed or constructive powers. The authority of Congress and of the Federal Govern ment, in the apprehension of your commit tee, is stricti juris, and should be so regar ded by those who are called to exercise it. The General Government, therefore, strict ly considered, cannot be regarded as a sovereignty, but as the constituted agent, or guardian minister of sovereignties. Otherwise, our system would exhibit the paradox of an imperium in imperio. The maintenance of the State sovereignties in all their original and appropriate functions and vigor, as the only safe depositors of; civil rights, was unquestionably the object of the chief solicitude of the contracting parties, Hence, every guard seems to have been erected against the tendency to consolidation; and the experience of fifty years of the political operations of our sys tern, has amply illustrated the truth of, their patriotic fears. Power is always! to regain his crushed and down-trodden stealing from the many to the few, and! rights. The future history of our conti evenis havC been proven, that the chief j nent would le written in Mco J. War! hide dinger that threatens the stability of this 0us war! with all its horrors, would stalk Union, is the assumption by Congress, pf over this once glorious and heaven favored powers not delegated o it. There are, ! land, and t!i3 spirit of kia-JuCi? W !lu." rightly understood, as your committee con-lrnanitv would be quenched in the wild ceive, m concurrent powers between the Federal and State Governments, that is, powers that may, at the same time, be ex- ercised by the States, and the Federal Government. A power ordinarily and; appropriately exercised by the States, can- not, ligitimately, be exercised by the Fed eral Government. Ami the pawerj le- gitimately exercised by Congress, cannot constitutionally be exercised by the State Legislarure. This principle, well under-jtous stood and respected, there would be no clashing in our syslem; but when either jiuvrct u,ulF3 wad. uciuwgs iu tuts oilier, Uea arises the confusion. We respectfully apprehcn-l, that Congress has no right to J discuss the expediency or morality of, subjects not referred to it m the powers enumerated in the Federal Constitution. ! T!:3 molality of every institution exist ing in anv of the United States, at its adop tion, was, so far as the General Govern ment was concerned, sanctioned and rati fied by that Constitution. It is an error to suppose that the "rights of these States, or ivhat are denominated "State rights," are confined to the limits of the States. The rights of Pennsylvania as a member of the confederacy, extend over the Unio.i, and upon the high seas. Her rights extend to all the territories of the Rspublic; and no power, short of vio lence can abrogate those rights. And what r'ghts she claims for herself, as a member of the Union, she certainly will accord to others standing in the same rela tion. From her population, she is enti tied to nearly one-tenth part of the public domain in all our territories; and her citi zens have a perfect right to migrate there to, and settle and enjoy the laud thereof, in common, and upon perfect equality with the citizens from other States, under the rules and regulations" of Congress. Our citizens, when they migrate to the territo ries of the United States, have an indispu table right to claim the protection of the Federal Government, the common agent, over their lives, liberties and property. And the rights pertaining to Pennsylvania as a State, pertain also, in common, to every Stale in'the Union. We apprehend thit Congress has no legitimate or equita ble power to discriminate between the property of one State and another; but what was sanctioned as property by anv of the States at the time of the adoption of the federal L-onstititutiou must be regard ed by Congress as sacred. Thus when a citizen of Pennsylvania enters upon the common territory of the Union, he has a perfect right to claim and receive the pio tection or guardianship of the United States over his person and property, as the common guardian of the rights of the several States in that territory. And this right is common to the citizens of all the States indiscriminately, for Congress has no delegated authority to discriminate be tween the rights of the members of this Union. On these principles was the U- nion erected, and upon these principles it must be maintained. This Union and must always be, held together by" moral ties and a sense of equal justice. Force and tyranny can never consolidate and . bind together a free people, conscious of their rights, and in-pucd with a just patrl otisru. All bonds or manacles of naked power, unconnected with the contiction of justice,, would" fall assuhder, as flax at the touch ofjfire, when applied to thesinewv limbs of American freemen.-. .They. would spurn them as the lion spurns the slender net of the hunter. . ' - v The severance of this Union; would be the signal" of direst calamities to our com mon country.' The north as well as the south the east as well as the west from the Rio Grande to the St. Lawrancc from the Atlantic to the Pacific all would share the fatal consequences of so melan choly a catastrophe. : The chiefest source of prosperity to the north, consists in their political connection witli the south. By the force of our revenue laws, they enjoy immunities that are the elements of their present unrivalled prosperity. The rich productions of the south are the capital of most of their enterprizes. The vast pro ductions of their manufacturing energies, in virtue of our tariff laws, enjoy a bounty of more than thirty per centum over for eign competition; which bounty, according to some very sagacious political econo mists amounts to the enormous aggregate of fifty or sixty millions of dollars annually, most of which the north would be depriv ed of by a disruption of the Union. Through the mildness of her climate, and the inexhaustible richness of her soil, pro ducing an abundance of the raw materials so essential to the comfort and happiness of civilized men, the south would natural ly throw open its ports, and invite the commerce of all the world; and the north would be driven into the open market, and compelled to compete with "the pauper labor" of all the European nations for the sale of her manufactures. The sources of her prosperity would thus be cut off, her energies crippled and her present flourish ing condition would sink into deeay. Be sides, it would place the two great sections of the present Union in direct hostility to wards each other, both in policy and prej-, udice. While the Union remains, their interests, rightly understood and directed by the spirit of comity, are mutual. But dissolved, these rival interests and antago nist passions, must necessarily operate to thedestruction of both. Disruption of the Union would be the death-knell of liberty. A dark pall would overspread the future, and no ray of hope would be left to guide and cheer oppressed man, in his struggles frenzy of social discord. These scenes of all that is nobie, happy and lovely, that greet and delight the eye in this happy Jand, would be deformed by slaughter and desolation. True, the fierce struggle might cease by the overthrow and subjection of the weaker party. But would the con quered American ever regard the conquer- Q: but with burning hatred and smothered cloud hangs over the sunny clime of 1 i& south. The prot;c ion afforded them by i their connection with the hardy yeomanrv re vcnjre ? But a more fearful and porten- 0t the north, being withdrawn, theywoul be exposed to the attack and invasion fron ooseti 10 i ne niinr. r nm invasion trnm without, but to a 'still more dreadful foe from within. The negroes! aye, the ne- groes, acting from their own sava e impul :ses, or possibly goaded on by fanatics of -i a different race, would rise upon their ipor white masters in all the fury of their natu ral ferocity. A servile war would ensue, more dreadful in its charater than anyother human calamity; and the mothers, the daughters of our southern brethren, and feeble age and helpless infancy, would be come the prey of a brutal and barbarous race, whde temlerest mercies, in war, arc more cruel than the grave. We have witnessed these things in the time of a profound peace, when no extraordinary cause awakened them to vengeancej and what horrors might we not anticipate, in a state of affairs which should arouse into fearful action that fierce vengeance which, in its ruthless fury, spares neither age, sex or condition? Why should one portion of this Union cherish or entertain hostile feelings to wards another? The south and the north are all of one great political family one tiesh and blood one brotherhood bound together by the lies of richest revolutionary recollections by the consideration of common sacrifices and common triumphs and one common fame, if they be wise and prudent, await them, but one common disgrace, if they pursue mad counsels, and disregard the admonitions of the Father of his Country. The mission of Pennsylvania is a lofiy one. Iler's is to fulfil her obligation to the Union to respect and maintain her own rights and the right of her sister States She ought, by no means or sin ister appliances, to suffer herself to be made the instrument, to promote or ad vance the illicit or selfish designs of oth ers less patriotic than herself. The in terests of Pennsylvania are in harmony, and intimately blended with the legitimate interests of every member of the confed eracy. The protection of her sister States in their appropriate rights, is the protec tion of her own for all the States have a common intererest in the maintenance f State rights" and the preservation of the Union, She has as high a stake in the preservation of the glorious institu tions which surround us; as any member of the confederacy; and form her position from the worth nr.d patriotism of her population, she should stand the great protectress of the Union, restraining, by her dignity, the spirit of faction andfana. ticism on the one hand, and calmina- in .'.em pern to resentment on the other. She 1 should hush, by her persuasive voice, the spirit cf contention, and point to'tbe Con stitution, ns the only standard lj which all federal difficulties must be jdjasted. Your committee do not despair of the Republic, but fondly trust, that "although there may be a few factious and) impetu ous individuals within its bosom, who would, in their mad zeal, hazard all upon an impracticable experiment or a naked abstraction, yet there is a lofty patriotism, a noble forbearance, and ail undying love of liberty and justice among the. people, sufficient to preserve and bind it together against all the assaults of its enemies. And may God grant that it be perpetual. FOREIGN NEWS. Arrival of tSic STEAMER CANADA! TWO WEEKS LATER FROM EUROPE. Philadelphia, March 9. The steamship Canada arrived at Hal ifax at 8 o'clock, on Friday evening. She left Liverpool on Saturday, February 23, and brings two weeks later intelligence. The commercial and political news by this arrival, is not of an important char acter. The London Money Market is repre. sented to be in a fluctuating cendition. Consols closed at 95 for money. The advices from India are rather flattering. Austria. An Austrian fleet was preparing to set sail for Greece, to oppose the expedition of Sir William Parker. The Vienna Journals teem with at tacks on Lord Palmerston. The people of Hungary, are again be ginning to express their fee lings'of hatred towards the Austrian Government. The sentence of death passed upon twenty three Hungarian officers, on the 16th of January, has been commuted by Baron Haynau, to imprisonment in irons varying from five to fifteen years. A serious collision had taken place be tween two regiments of infantry, at Ins pruch, in which thirty men were wound ed. Prussia and Twkey. The Hungarian refugees have been sent to one of the Asiatic provinces of Turkey. The recent attempt to assassinate Kos suth is being investigated by the Turkish Government. Austria has not resumed her relations with the Porte. A decree has been published at Berlin, for the German Parliament to meet at Eu furt on the 20th of March. The Prussian Constitution has been ac cepted, sworn to by the King, and ratified amidst great rejoicings of the people. France. The Paris papers state that all is quiet, though serious disturbances have occurred in some of the Southern provinces. The emuete in Paris has been put down but the Socialists were organizing for a grand demonstration on the 24th of Feb ruary. Military preparations, however, were also making to keep the peace, and the Provinces havo been placed under a civil kind of martial law. The government is concentrating its for ces to quell any demonstration of uissatis faction; for which purpose the country has been divided into four grand Military Di visions, over which Generals have been placed, with extraordinary powers of com mand. Louis Napoleon is not now so popular as he was heretofore. Italy. There is nothing new from Italy. The Pope has not yet returned to Rome. Mexico. Annexation to the United States Return of Santa Anna. Mr. Walter M. Gibson, who recently went to Mexico on official business, and who has made a pretty extended survey of the country, has returned to New York, and commmu nicated several interesting items of intel ligence concerning the social and political condition of the country: - . . . ., "The aspect of attairs at tno capuai was verv storm v at the time of Mr. G's visit. Troops were at one time ordered out to surround the excited localities, and an outbreak was expected at the Theatre. A feeling in favor of annexation to the United States, orevails amoner the mon- . ' M. - archists, who comprise the wealthy Span iards: or if that cannot be obtained, then they wish th adoption of some mode of colonization from Lurope, under the agen- - in t.. cy of American Uompanies. i nis lauer feeling is earnest and extensive, and the plan for colonization is based upon the nurr.ha.se of larjre tracts of land in the State of Vera Cruz, by America capital ists, and the settlement thereon of a large emigration from Germany, France, and England, in a body large enough to secure them from loss by depradations and oth erwise. Mr. G". has a memorial from the owners of fifty-two haciendas in the Sintf. nf Vera Cruz, askinjr that this plan may be adopted. Many oi mem are ue- - i.f I. cidedly in favor of annexation. Thn desire for the return of Santa An na was growing broad and deep, and it was felt more and more oany, mat ne is the only man who can control the desti nies of Mexico. t3PVirffinia Cannel Coal has bpen.in troduced into the New Orleans market. and meets with much : favor from consu mers. rCapt. Matthew Turner, of Chicago, has disappeared, ins relatives otter ?auu for the arrot ot his supposed murderers mm EBENSBURG, PA. THURSDAY, MARCH 14, 1850. 0"Tub Sentinel, has much the largest cir eulation of any paper published in this county and as an advertising sheet offers superior inducements to merchants and business men generally. Those desirous of making us of this medium for extending their business can do so by either sending their notices direct, or through the fullowmg agents: John Crouse, Esq., Joh nstoicn. E. W. Carr, Evans Buildings, Third st. Philadelphia. V. B. Palmer, Esq., New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore. Democratic COUNTY MEETING ! The Democratic citizens of Cambria county are respectful ly requested to meet in the Court House, in Ebensburg, on the evening of Tuesday of the April Court, at half-past seven o'clock, for the purpose of appointing a Delegate to the Williamsport Convention, to place in nomination a dem ocratic candidate lor Canal Commissioner, and also for the purpose of giving expres sion to the views of the Democracy of Cambria county on the various agitating questions of the day. S. J. RENSIIAW, Chairman, County Committed Feb. 28, 1850. The Canal. The Pennsylvania canal has been in successful operation for several days past, and boats are passing along heavily laden with merchanaise. It is generally expect ed and believed that during the coming season an unparalleled amount of business will be done on our public improvements, and that those engaged in the business will reap a rich reward for their labor. We learn that the passenger cars will commence running across the Portage lload on to-morrow. Ej'During the excitement that unfortu nately prevails in many sections of our confederacy relative to the dissolution or the Union, we think the report of the ma jority of the committee on Federal rela tions, showing the position occupied by Pennsylvania relative to this important question, is the most acceptable article with which v u cuuld fill uiir columns at the present time. It is important that every citizen of Pennsylvania should be made acquainted with the stand she has taken relative to the Union, and we there fore commend the report to the careful perusal of our readers. Plank Roads. We are glad to perceive that our citi zens are becoming alive to the importance of plank roads, and the superior facilities afforded by this county for their rapid construction. A goodly number of our citizens assembled in the Court House on Monday last for the purpose of considering the propriety and expediency of immedi ately applying to the Legislature for the grant of a charter to incorporate a compa ny to construct a plank road from Ebens burg to a point on the Susquehanna river at or near the Cherry Tree. James M'- Dermit, Esq., was called to the chair, and P. M'Coy, Esq., appointed Secretary. After considerable discussion, in which Messrs. Hasson, M'Coy, M'Donald, Wm. Kittle, and Johnston took part, a commit tee of five, consisting of Messrs. Hyer, Hasson, Johnston, R. J. Lloyd and Wm. Kittell, were appointed to examine and report on the subject to the meeting on the following evening. This committee, on Tuesday evening, reported favorably to the contemplated improvement, and presented a petition to the Legislature for the purpose above stated, which was sign ed by all the persons present. A plank road from this place to the Cherry Tree would be of incalculable benefit to those engaged in the lumbering business, and to farmers generally whore- side in that section of country. And as we think there is no doubt that the Legis lature will grant the desired charter, we hope our northern friends, to whom the road will afford an outlet for all their pro ductions, will join us with a hearty good will in pushing the laudable undertaking to a speedy compleiion. This species of improvements are be coming quite common in New York and the northern part of Pennsylvania, and we have not heard of a single instance in which they did not prove a profitable in vestment and in several instances they have, in a few years, realized the cost of their construction. There is perhaps no MOUiWAINSEMlL county in the State where the interests of the people more urgently demand the fa cilities a.Torded by these plank roads, and no place where they can be more cheaply constructed than in Cambria county. And we believe the day is not far distant when we shall see them traversing the county in every direction. The following data, from an article re cently read before the New York Agricul tural Society in reference to the cost and construction of plank roads, may be inter, esting to our readers. "The roads are constructed with either a single or a double track. The single track is eight feet wide with plank, and as much more without it, upon which wag- ous may turn out. I he whole (sixteen) feet is graded at the rate of about six hundred feet to a mile crone foot in twelve The road being first covered with clay spread evenly over it, sills are laid down at the side?, and the ends of the planks are made to rest upon these, and at the same time also upon the clay of the intervening road. The ends of the planks are not pi.in ed or fastened in any way whatever, care only being taken that they shall not be in a straight line upon the sills, buf irregular ly, so as to give a better hold to wagons coming from the clay on the plank roads. lhere is mso a good ditch at each side cf the road so as to drain in well. The sills are four inches square, which being two for a mile would make 1 1.9S0 feet board measure. The planks are three inches thick, which would make 129.720 feet board measure for a mile. Three inches oak plank is decidedly the best material, but hemlock and white pine are used when oak cannot be had." Curious. We learn from the Pittsburg Post, tha a curious circumstance occurred at Law- renceville a few days ago as follows: A stranger called at the house of James Young, Esq., of that place, and requested him to keep a small box which he had in hand, until he called for it. Mr. Young objected to taking it if it contained any thing valuable; but on being assured that there would be no danger, he put it up stairs. A little while afterwards, a man well known in the neighborhood called on Mr. Young and enquired about the box, telling him at the same time to keep it till called for. Some of the ladies of the house while working in the room where the box was deposited, were annoyed by a very disagreeable smell; and coming to the con elusion that it proceeded from the box" they had the top knocked off and there appeared a man's joot. The Coroner was called last Saturday and the result was the arrest of the person who made enqui ry about the box. He was bound to ap pear in Court. Eo roc Nominations. The following nominations have been made for Borough officers to be voted for to-morrow: Justice of the Peace, Harrison Kinkead, David II. Roberts. Constable. Matthew M. O'Neill, Evan D. Evans. UNION" TICKET. Burgess. John Williams. Town Council. R. Ii. Johnston. Josesh M'Donald. Thomas B. Moore. George W. Todd. William Mills, Jr. School Directors. Robert Carmon, (I year.) James M'Dermit. Robert Davis. CF"The Local column of the Wheeling Gazette is made up principally with noti ces of the stoppages of steamboats, on ac count of the bridge nuisance. CFE. Z. Judson alias Ned Buntline, sentenced to one year to Blackwell's Is. land, for participation in the Astor Place riot, has been pardoned by the Governor of New York. fThe New York Times says that it is understood that an effort will be made by the Northern Free Soil party to con centrate their strength in the next presiden tial canvass upon Horace Greely for Pres ident. EWe observe that Mr. Calhoun, in stead of calling Washington "that distin guished man," went a step higher, and termed him "the illustrious Southerner!" ETlie solution of the chlorids of zinc is an effectual remedy against bed bugs. It is applied with a brush, and is the discov ery of Sir Wm. Burnett. EFThe value of diamonds is measured by the carat of four grains, the single carat being worth $40, two carats $80, three $160, and so on. A diamond of one hun dred carats is worth $100,000, CFWe would recommend that, hereaf- A inctairt nf n At nil rn in (T mihlic tnpollnnrs sine die, they should adjourn till the mccV ing of the Nashville Convention, j e . i . r . or northern states, whilst the report of Messrs. Allison and Bowen takes grouud equally "strong and equally ultra. But the reports are both before the country and of course you will publish them, so that your readers will have opportunity of sec. ing and reading them for themselves. I will let them both pass for what they are worth, without a word of censure or praise. - A large number of private bills have been disposed of by the Legislature during the past week, but as yet, not a thing has been done with either the apportionment bill, or revenue bill both of which mea sures are of the first importance, particu larly the latter. The Committee of Ways and Means have not as yet reported a bill and yet itiere is little more than a momh's time to pass before the Legislature will most undoubtedly adjourn. But it is an old adage that "large bodiei move slow," and hence the reason so liide h?s been done by the Legislature that is at all interesting to the people at large. On the tenth of .April the one hundred days will be up, after which, if thesession last, the members will draw from the Treasury but one dollar and fifty cents per diem fer their services, which will make them feel very uneasy I opine. In deed no body looks for the session of the Legislature to last more than one hundred days, in consequence of the short allow, ance of pay after the expiration of that period. I do not blame the members for this, fori well know that no man can live here on the paltry sum of one dollar and fifty cents per day. In fact there is not one in every ten of the members who can live on three dollars per day, and the ena of each session witnesses many a member leaving Harrisburg with a goodly number of uncancelled scores against him soma of which are paid and ni3uy of which the creditors have to whistle for. The amendment to the Constitution i still suspended in the House of Represen tatives, and when it will be disposed of, it is hard to tell. Mr. Laird's Bank bill, has finally passed the House, and gone to the Senate, where it will be subjected to the most searching scrutiny. It was consider ably altered and amended by the House before it finally passed, and will no doubtt have to undergo the process of alteration and amendment in the Senate. If It ever does pass the Senat e, and reappears in the House again, it will be m sucH questionable shape, that its original god father will not be able to recogaize h.' own bantling. Many a bank director and nervous stockholder, are looking anxiously for the result of the action of the Legislature on Mr. Laird's bill. The old Pittsburg Bank, the Lebanon Bank, the York Bank, and a host of oth ers, are all represented here by some anx ious inquirer after the truth as to what course the Legislature will take in the matter of granting charters, or renewing old charters. "We have entirely loo manv j - banks in Pennsylvania, and consequently too much worthless trash afloat, in the shape of bank paper; and I do hope that the Legislature will adopt some strm. gent regulations, which will more effectu ally guard the unsuspecting and credulous public against stockjobbers and shavers. No bank ought to receive a license from the Legislature, such as an act of incorpo ration generally gives them, to discount notes, and issue their paper promises to pay money, without first compelling the payment of the entire capital stock, and making each stockholder individually. re sponsible for the amount of stock he or she may own in any such institution. The community has suffered too much through the bad faith of Banking institutions in Pennsylvania, not to demand of theLcgis. lature the most careful and cautious scru tiny before any act of Incorporation shall pass this winter. It is a most singular circumstance in the history of the times, that applications for divorces are becoming as common to the- Wslaturct as applications to our County i Courts far Tavern licences. corniponuence oi wio .mountain Sentinel STATE CAPITOL. Harrisblrc, March 4, 1850. Dear Given: The most important matter which has transpired in the Legislature ' the past week, was the majority and mi nority reports from the Comittee on Fed eral relations, which was raised a few weeks ago at the instance of Mr. Beau mont of Luzerne county. Mr: Beaumont, the chairman of the Committee, made the majority report, whilst Messrs. Allison and B owen made the report of the minor ity. Both papers are well written. Mr. Beaumont takes high ground on the ques tion of slavery, and goes for noninterven tion Trnm firct in lief nn nort f 1. . r
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