'.EBENSBURG, PA. T IIUKSDAY, JANUARY 3, 1S50. --OZTTiie Scnti.vel, has much the largest cir " , culation of any paper published in this county and at an advertising sheet off-rs superior - inducements to merchants and business men centrally. Those desirous of making us of this medium forjxtenimg their business can do so bif either sending their notices direct, or through the fallowing agents: X .John Crouse, Esq., Johnstown. W 'E. W. Carr, Evans Buildings, Third St. 1 K. ?. Palmer, Esq., JVeio lorA, Philadelphia vnd Baltimore. ' -tdFWe acknowledge the receipt of Bey s' eral favors from the Hon. Job. Mann. r . CR. M. Barr, Esq., State Reporter, died suddenly in Reading, on Wednesday last. Mr. Barr was appointed Reporter bv Gov. Shunk, and his term would have expired in this month. The Pittsburg Post expresses the opinion that J. S. Craft Esq., of that city will be appointed his successor. Cyjohn B. Guthrie is recommended, not nominated, by a democratic, meeting, as an independent candidate for Mayor of Pittsburg. He has consented to stand on the turf. PencsylvaniaTRailroad. " Considerable dissatisfaction existed on the part of the Pittsburgers with the course pursued by the Directors of the Pennsylva nia Railroad Company in commencing the road at Johnstown and working westward instead of at Pittsburg. The consequence was that the Commissioners of of Alleghe ny county refused to pay over the stock which they had subscribed, and a commit tee was appointed to proceed to . Philadel phia in order to ascertain if the difficulty could not be satisfactorily arranged. The result was the adoption by the Board of Directors of the following resolution: Office of the Penn. Railroad Co. 7 Philadelphia Dec. 20, 1849. $ "At a meeting of the Board of Directors held this day, the following resolution was unanimously adopted. "Resolved, That the Chief Engineer be instructed to put under contract, as early in the Spring as the weather will permit, the line eastwardly from Pittsburg as fir as the point of intersection with the Turnpike near Turtle, Creek, and such heavy sections on the whole line as he may deem expedient, and to press all the contracts as rapidly as possible. Extracts from'the Minutes, THOMAS J. FRETII, Sec'ry. II03IE JOURXIL The publishers of this favorite Ameri can Newspaper, Messrs. Morris & Willis, commences the new yrar in a manner which promises that they intend to make their Journal even more worthy of the patronage of all lovers of refined literature than it has been heretofore. The number before us contains a large amount of read ing matter both interesting and instructive, without any of that "stale, flat and un lumauii; Biiiu wiui which me columns of so many of our eastern weeklies are filled. As this is the season when people are generally deciding upon their subscrip tions to literary papers, we would suggest to our friends the propriety of subscribing for the Home Journal. It is decidedly the most elegant and refined family paper pub lished in the United Stajes. Address Morris & Willis, New York. Congress- Since the election of a Speaker, no busi ness of consequrence has been transacted in Congress, nor is it expected anything would be done until after the Ilollidays. No election of Clerk &c, has yet been at tempted, but it is supposed thatthey would complete the organization of the House to day. A resolution has been introduced into the Senate calling upon the President to furnish that body with the charges which M ere preferred against those whom he has removed from office. This resolution if passed, will, we opine, place Gen. Taylor in r.nugly position, in view of the pledge which he gave that hewould remove no man except for incompetency and dishonesty Gen. Cass also introduced a resolution, which he siid heouidVjH up immediate ly after the Hollidiys.Vuspeadin all di- pioruatic intercourse with Austria lsi h"pnl that it will b? unanimcm! v- nrl.ip'eJ and that this great republic will adopt this this medium of manifesting to the Austrian government, the indignation felt by the American people against the inhuman biitchery of the gallant Hungarians. On Monday last, numerous petitions were pre sented. Among them, one .from citizens of Kentucky, by persons claiming to be legitimate successors of Joe Smith, object ins to the establishment of a Government in Deseret, and charging the people of the city of Salt Lake, with treasonable designs, they having taken a secret oath to avenge the death of Jospeh Smith upon the nation, ajid to pursue that design till the end of time. In the House, on Monday last, several petitions and memorials were presented and referred. The standing committees were announced, among which are the fol lowing: Ways and Means. Messrs. Mesres, Cayley, Jacob Thompson, Vinton, Green, Toombs, Howard, Duer, Jones, Hampton. District of Columbia. Messrs. Brown of Miss., Inge, Taylor, Fuller, Nelson, Hammond, Al!en, Williams, Underhill. Judiciary. Messrs. Thompson of Pa., Miller, Mead, Morehead, Preston, Vena- ble, Thad. Stevens, Welborn. Territories. Messrs. Boyd, Richard son, Rockwell, Gott, Fitche, Giddings. Foreign Jlffuirs. Messrs. McCler nand, McDowell, Winthrop, Harrelson, Hillard, Stanton, Buell, Spaulding. "The Jackson Democrat.1 We have received the first number of a new paper published in Bedford by Messrs. Sanson andCarpenter, bearing the above title. It is well printed, presents a very hand some appearance and exhibits considerable editorial ability. It promises to be an able advocate in behalf of the cause of democ racy in that county, and as such we trust it will receive a liberal patronage. Anniversary Ball. The members of the "Allegheny In fantry," the volunteer company at Loret to, have made arrangements to celebrate the approaching anniversary of the Battle of New Orleans, by giving a military and civic Ball at the house of Dr. Joseph PfofF in that place. The military and cit izens generally are invited to attend, and we have no doubt it will be a pleasant af fair. Dr. PfofTand lady are experienced a the art of pleasing, and those fond of dancing are assured that every arrange ment will be made that may contribute to their pleasure or amusement. Acquitted. J. M. Marshall, of Saltsburg, who was indicted for the murder of Allen, has been acquitted. The trial was concluded on Monday last at Indiana, when the Jury, after being out but a short time, returned a verdict of "Not Guilty." tj"The Pennsylvania Legislature as sembled on Tuesday last. We expected to have received intelligence of the organ. ization of both Houses, but have been dis appointed. As little difficult' is appre bended in the election of Speaker in eith er branch, we expect to lay before our readers in our next, the Governor's Mes sage. P. S. Since the above was in type, we learn th? ji Valentine E. Best, from the 13th District, was elected Speaker of the Senate, and John S. M'Calmont, from Clarion, Speaker of the House. Mr. Best professes to be a democrat, but he was elected by the whigs, with the assis tance of his own vote, J. Porter Brawley being the democratic nominee. A. K. Kornyn, of Huntingdon was the whig nominee in the House. As We Expected In discussing the propriety of erecting the new count' of Conemaugh, the Johns town Echo, is endeavoring to base the claims of that portion of the county to be stricken off from Cambria, upon insults of a political character alleged to have been received at the hands of Ebensburg, and is trying to pervert our language relative to a few individuals in such a manner as to leave the impression on the minds of its readers that our remarks were general in their application. This is not fair. Our language was intended, as written, to ap ply to a few individuals, and we are gross ly deceived in our estimate of the charac ter and disposition of our southern friends if they will make common cause with fiose few persons to whom wo-alluded. We have no doubt that the citizens of Johnstown, generally, are anxious and wil ling to have their borough - made a county seat, if this could be accomplished without injuring others, but we do not believe that they are disposed to ask such a sacrifice at the hands of the balance of the county. But it is not our intention at present to dis cuss the matter. We may in our next np.rh.ina hnw thp. fallari f uma !-, arguments used by the Johnstown pnppr? in favor of thr new rwinv. For the Sentinel Tariff Belles and Protection- Do tariff duties protect laboring men in proportion to the amount of protection their employers receive, or do they in crease the wages of laboral our mandfec- turing establishments: "An affirmative an swer to these questions,, has been" taken for granted, by the whole school of pro tectionists in this country, when most of them must know, from their pvn experi ence that it is not true. ' We .say indeed that protection enables the employer to give high wages for labor; but does it com pel him to do so? or is their any thing else accompanying protection thatcompels him to do so? The laborer is comoelled : to pay a protective duty to his employer by the direct operation of a law that is imper alive and binding. But where is the "Be it enacted" Sic. that compels the employer to increase the wages of labor in propor tion to the protection bestowed on himself. No such enactment exists, or ever has ex isted, and the consequence is that the poor laborer must depend, for his protection on the dubious chances of a private contract with some avaricious speculator who makes use of his necessities, to compel him to labor inceesantly for the meagre pittance of what supports life. It is said that a contract is a mutual agreement between two parties, both ot whom must be able and ivilling to make a contract, and if either is - compelled a- gainst his consent, to agree to a contract, he is said to be under duress, and the contract is therefore voidable by law. This is what the law says; let us now see what it actually does in relation to a poor man contracting for labor, whereby to earn a livelihood for himself and family. He has nothing on which to depend for bread but his lahor, and if this fail he has no re source Thus circumstanced he goes to a manufacturer to contract for labor, and he must have it, or his family will suffer. The employer taking advantage ofthis necessity offers him an inadequate price for his labor, and he dare not refuse to ac cept it, or he is told that he cannot be em ployed. He is therefore compelled under duress of starvation to take the meagre offer or let his family want. But here the slavish panderer to the in fluence of wealth, will mock and insult his necessities by tellinghim that he is a "free man" he can go elsewhere and obtain bet ter wages. But has he the means to go elsewhere or even remain where he is unless he is at work. And if even he has the means to remove to another establish ment, he there meets the same terms he left behind him and his condition is noth ing better. Many of our manufacturing capitalists are formed into corporate com panies, and establish uniform rules of op pressing labor, and are able to crush any minor establishment that would dare to pay higher wages than they do. And where they have not arrived at this dis tinction of corporate companies they hold secret meetings for the purpose of estab lishing the amount of wages to be paid; thus leaving the poor laborer no resource but to take their pittiful offer, or starve his family. And here the law very charitably "pre sumes that, "of his own free will and pleasure, and without any restraint, force, privation or compulsion whatsver," he has entered into a contract to labor Jot such and such wages, and compels him to abide by its terms, no matter how hard or unjust And if laborers imitating the example of their employers, combine together and agree not to work tor less man a just rec ompense they .are liable to prosecution under the old English tyrannical and bar barous law of cospiracy, and may be fined and imprisoned imprisoned like thieves anil malafactors, for trying, to guard their just rights, while capitalists are allowed to combine in the same way, for the purpose of defrauding them of their hard "earnings. This is the way in which protection is parcelled out to laboring men, by the great friends of American industry. It is some consolation however to the honest laborers of the country, that the democratic press is pouring the vials of its indignation on this fraudulent policy, and all kindred measures; but there are some exceptions. Measures of this kind are "Mcrcuried" forth from Pittsburg and "Echoed" from Johnstown as the true, primativc princi ples and practices of American democracy But neither the original sound nor the echo can make any impression on the ears of true democrats. Such organs are but small pebbles in the way of the great wheel of human progress to be ground into nihility, as it rolls forward in its irre- sistable course. Nature I believe has made, and intended the interests of capital and labor to be iden tical, but partial and unequal laws, such as protective tariffs, special acts of incorpora tion &c, have prevented ttie order ot na ture and made their interests directly op- posite. Accordingly, in tins matter ot mu- tnal contract as it is called, between labor er and employer we see their interests are diametrically opposed to each other. It is the employers interest to hire labor for ths least possible amount of wages, while it is the interests of the laborer to have the highest price for his labor; and yet at this enlightened day and in this free country, the highest functionary in this Common wealth with all the appearance of the most grave honesty informs the world that under the operation of the whig protective poli cy the interests of capital and labor are identical, and affects to take fright at the "evil spirits" which, he says "slyly insin uate" the contrary. Is the Governor actu ally ignorant of the relations. that now ex ist between capital and labor? or is he a willing tool in the hands of the one to de fraud and oppress thn other? JUSTICE. Ilowfll Cobb, of Georgia All Democrats are gladdened that the Speaker's chair of the House of Repre sentatives is occupied by a Democrat; one, who has attained this honorable position in; a most creditable manner, without sac rificing one iota of personal or party inde pendence, That Mr. Cobb will make an admirable presiding , officer, his past career-' warrants us in foretelling; and his first address augurs well for the manner in which he will dispense even-handed jus tice to all parties. We append a few brief extracts from an excellent sketch of Mr. C.'s life, which appeared in the Sep tember number of the Democratic Re view: Howell Cobb was born at Cherry Hill, Jefferson county, Ga., on the 7ih of Sep tember, 1815. He is a son of Col. John A. Cobb, who, when quite a boy. removed from Greenville, N. C., with his father. His mother, Sarah R. Cobb, was a daugh ter of the late Thomas Rootes, of Freder icksburg, Va. Howell, their eldest child, was married on the 26th of May, 1835, then not twenty years of age, to Mary Ann Lamar, the daughter of the late Col. Zachariah Lamar, of Milledgeville, Ga., by wiiom he had six sons, three of whom are dead, the two youngest dying at Wash ington city, during the first session of the thirtieth Congress. At nineteen, in the year 1834, he gra duated at Franklin College, the Universi ty of Georgia, standing, of course, respec table in his class. His uucle, Howell Cobb, after whom he was named, repre sented a district of Georgia, in the Con gress of the United States, during the last war with Britain; and his cousin, Thomas Cobb, was, not many years since, an United States' Senator from the same State. In 1836, nearly two years after his mar riage, the subject of this sketch was ad mitted to the bar, and at once gave such evidence of talents, character, and attain ments, rarely possessed by one of his age, that, in the ensuing year, he was elected by the Legislature, Solicitor General of the western circuit of the State, the region in which he resided. This was, indeed, a position well calculated to test the stuff the man was made of; for, though barely of age, and with but a year's experience in the practice of his profession, he was compelled to contend with the ripe abili ties, and long trained skill, of some of the first gentlemen of the bar of Georgia. His naturally cool judgment, and almost intuitive legal perception, however, made amends for lack of experience; and it is not too much to say, that notwithstanding his extreme youth, the office was never filled, in that circuit, with more skill, vig or, and unvarvinsr success, than during the three years in which it was held by the subject of our sketch. His legal knowledge and forensic apt ness rapidly increased; and when, at the expiration of the term, he was defeated owing to the fact that his political oppo nents obtained a majority in the Legisla ture he left the oflice, ranking with the first lawyers and advocates in the State. For the succeeding three years Mr. Cobb devoted himself with unremitted labor to the practice of his profession. His mind is most happily adapted to the bar; rapidi ty of thought, decision, and energy of ac tion, being his most prominent legal char acteristics, while his feelings are strong and warm, leading him to make his client's cause thoroughly his own. The address of Mr. Cobb (before a jury) is marked with never-failing earnestness, often amounting to vehemence, which happily enforces attention, giving his eloquence admirable effect. As a professional man, his character has been moulded by the combined influ ence of his own temperament, and the customs of the country in which he for the most part practised. The Western Judicial Circuit of Georgia has never been distinguished for devoted application to books. Situated in a broken, and, in part, mountainous countjy, with a sterile sou and wretched roads, the people are simple and primitive in their ideas and habits, and to this day remain untouched by the progress of luxury or refinement. The character of its bench and bar has as usu al assimilated itself to that of the country and the proceedings of the court have been characterized by the same features. The "viginti annoram lucubrationes" have never been much valued there. Courts and juries in that region, therefore, are more influenced by the arguments of a strong though rough common sense, than by the refinements and subtleness of legal learning. The bar, consequently, have been distinguished by a quick and clear apprehension of the prominent controlling points of a case, and by force and elo quence in presenting them to courts and juries, rather than by the display of pro fessional research and nice discrimination of shades of principle. Of this general character of the circuit, Mr. Cobb is one of the finest examples. Though, when forced by circumstances to resort to books, he readily shows that he can follow the law applicable to his case through the most intricate refinements, which, howev er, is not the usual method of his practice. In common with his professional associ ates, he usually relies on a readiness and self-possession of which no surprise can deprive him, on a perfect understanding of the facts, and a forcible application of the broad and fundamental principles bearing on his case. Knowing human nature well, and skilled in touching its various cords at will, and also carrying marked sincerity of purpose in his whole bearing as an attorney and advocate, his influence with juries has al ways been very great, and- his success commensurate with it. Mr. Cobb's position in the profession in upper Georgia is very high. Thus, should his attention be exclusively devoted to the law, in time to come, it is clear that there is no professional point, however lofty, not within his reach. The people of his congressional district appear deter mined that he shall serve them in a differ ent position for they call for the exertion of his talents in a wider sphere than . that of the legal forum. Having early in life obtained political fame as a Jackson or "Union' Democrat, in 1842, Mr. Cobb was elected, on a general ticket, to the Congress of the United States, it being his first service in any lecislative body. Since that time he has been successively re-elected in 1844, 1846, and 148. It is with heart-felt pleasure that we come now to write of his Congressional career, replete with features worthily win ning him the unanimous confidence and respect of the Democracy of the House and Senate, without regard to section or country, or shade of difference as to pnn ciples and measures, such as are met with among the members of every great party in all legislative bodies. From the Fio mier, Iowa, Guardian, Christmas among the .Mormons- The season of our holy days will begin on the 20th of Dec. next, according to the decision of the High Council on Saturday last, and continue till that body says they should end. The following are the regulations en tered into by the Council, which they wish to have strenuously and faithfully observed: First No person that has been disfel lowshiped or excommunicated from the church, will be allowed to go forth in the dance that is conducted by the sanction and authority of the church. Secondly No member of the church wiu oe anoweu 10 join ine uance, inai ii Ml l -11 I - - .1 J I ! uiun.C.. u.ci U.C wuuci uwu .Cgui.iuu8r the same by dancing out of order, unless proper satisfaction is first made. Or, if he or she hath violated the counsel rules of the church in any o'her way, satisfac tion must be given, before permission can be granted to join the dance. A portion of the Branch at Alfred's camp was spoken of as having knowingly and in the face of the most pointed sayings and resolutions of the Council, danced contrary to order. They must, sooner or, later, experience the consequence of this jders, continued by default on the pillory, violation, and the presiding onicers for the, was rejected by a large majority of the holydays will remember that a portion on that branch has knowingly broken the or der of the church in that district. Thirdly Every person that knows him or herself to be in good standing and fel lowship in the church that has faithfully and truly kept the statutes and counsels of the same, may freely participate in the civilities and recreatious ot tne season and also our friends who are moral and upright, and are friends and well wishers to humanity and equal rights who can remember the poor and needy, and help them these are respectfully invited to participate with us, though never members of our church. The council would say to the church, and to all interested, that the season of the free will offerings will continue until the holydays commence, that all may have the opportunity of manifesting their liberality in behalf of the poor and needy. . Those members of the church who have kept and sold liquors for gain, and do thereby corrupt the morals of society, should be borne in mind by the presiding officers of the holyday recreations. Nat chez under the hill, at Council Point, should be remembered, and should also remember that their prototype on theMis sississippi was ill fated. Wo uutfl to them that dance with guile or malice in their hearts towards their neighbor! Wo unto them that have se cretly injured their neighbor or his or her property. v o unto tnem mat are minis ters of disorder and evil. If these shall go forth in the dance without confessing and forsaking their guilt, the fiat, of the council is, that they seal their doom by it. The following named persons were ap pointed by the Council to preside during holydays over the dances: Joseph Young, D. D. Hu.itJerome M. Benson, Lyman Stoddard, Harlowltedfield Aaron Johnston, L. T. Coons, Jonathan Browning. Whenever a dance is desired at any place, it can be had by getting the permis sion of any one of the above named per sons, it he will preside over it, after giving permission. Bring all your tithes and your offering to the proper place for the poor, that there be none hungry among cs, and let the poor rejoice, and then you may rejoice in the dance to your heart's content. From the Mormons. The Western (Mo.,) Reporter, gives news from the Mormon settlement and rort Hall. The Mormons, it seems, are seizing upon citi zens of Missouri, and lawlessly trying them for aiding in their expulsion from Missouri. Mr. Pomerov, and Mr. Wil son, the Indian Agent, have both been thus seized, and only escaped by proving their entire innocence. They have also impo sed a tariffof fifty per cent, upon all goods carried into their valley from the States. It is to be hoped that Congress will put a stop to these follies by an act of decisive legislation. Louisville Courier , 12th. Many, check themselves because they would be good but more because they would not be infamous. The Cholera expenses of New last summer, were 655,872. York, tJT. happy new year to all. FOItEIGiV NEWS." ARRIVAL OF THE TWO WEEKS LATER FRDU-&uRrp Halifax. Dec23. The steamship,-Cambria, Capt. Shan, non, arrived here at six o'clock this mora ing, bringing advices from Paris to the 13th, and Liverpool to the' ' 15th,;:foclu. sive. . - t - The Cambria has 82 through pasiea gers. Theie is no general political ne of striking importance. Commercial affairs in England epetia. ue in a quiet and steady position. England. " . In political circles there; is. but little news. Numerous cabinet councils have been held; and it is thought Parliament will meet about the middle of January, for the despatch of business. . The question of the reduction of nation al expenditures, has. formed a new ai. pect. Another expedition is about being fined out to go to Behring's Straits and further to the eastward, in search of Sir Joha Franklin. Capt. Sir Edward Belch'er, it is thought, will have the command. The death of Ebenezer xCliott. tH Corn Law rhymer, is announced. India and China. The Express, in advance of the Over land Mail, arrived at Liverpool, on the 7th inst., with advices from Bombay of the 3d Nov. and Calcutta of the 24th Oct. The whole of India, with the exception of the small province of Goomsoor, waj quite peaceable. All the Sikhs chiefs who were iraplica- ted in the ,ate insurreciioa of Chur Sing, l fa cSDtUred. The Government of Bengal has'ofTered - r the price of 100 Ro. for a good economi cal machine for separating the cotton wood of India from its seed. For thii sum a thousand native machines might be purchased. Prance. On the night of the 3d of December, M. Dupm s propositions for the abolition of exposing the names of political offen Assembly. On the evening of the"sarae davkthe President attended the Theatre Det )a- rieties, and was loudly applauded by the audience, and some sang in his favor. The anniversary of the Batde of Aui terlitz, was celebrated by a high mass of the Chapel of the Invalides. Four hundred of the insurgents of June, arrived in Paris from Havre, and were liberated by the Attorney General, on the 4 th. The elections have been postponed to the 25th January, 1850. It now appears that no difference what ever had arisen between the President and his ministry. M. Bouret's amendment for resuming the coutmgent force has been rejected by the Assembly. : The contingent demanded by the Min ister of War was, after a lengthy discus sion, agreed. Subsequently a violent dis cussion between the President and ths Mountain arose. Russia and Austria. Our advicices from Constantinople come down to the 25th November. As yet the extradition question has not yet been set tled, nor, according to the bestauthonuei, was it likely to be setded. The Emperor had up to that time per sisted in his demand for having the ene mies of Russia, as he calls the Hungari ans and Poles, banished from the Ottoman Empire. These demands the Po rte resists, and so the matter stands. During the early part of the week, it was thought here that the whole affair had been arranged, but the whole affair turns out to be untrue. In the opinion of the Times correspon dent, the Emperor is only desirous of postponing a rupture till spring, when his operations would be more favored by the season. Meantime, Turkey is making every preparation to meet him, should he ad vance. The English fleet has left the Dardanelles.- Russia is increasing her fleet. Liberty has beenViven to export bullion from the Russian Empire. St. Petersburg, Dec. 2. The Minis ter of Finance has been empowered to-is sue exchequer bills to the amount of 6, 000,000 silver roubles. Austria and Hungary. The state of siege will be removed from Vienna on 1st January. I he Emperor has returned to crou- beck from Prague. Orders have been sent to me army oi observation to approach as near the Sax on frontier as possible. Affairs in Hungary continue unsettled. A Pesth paper states that- Prince Met- ternich has written a letter to an Austrian Minister, in which he declares the Austri an monarchy cannot enjoy lasting peace unless Hungary is I maintained m its pre ceding relations, as a separate State vU Austria. Thirteen recent condemnations have been commuted to imprisonment haad labor for 20, 18 and lOyears. Vienna is completely embedded in snow. and railroads are thus rendered neaj useless.
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