Eil
J. iL WEAKLY.Y.
J. AL.:WALLACH. J
FIRST ANNUAL MESSAGE OF U.
- S. GRANT," ,
PRESIDENT QF TILE lINITCD STATES, DP
ItIVRRED DECEMBER 0, 1860.
WASHINGTON, Docombor . 6, 1869.
At one o'clock and six. minutes a joint
committee, consisting Of Messrs. Wilson
and;Thurinan, on the part of the Senate,'
and Messrs. Schenck, Dawes, and Wood
ward, on the iart of the Honig), waited
upon the President to know . if he had
anything to communicate to the Houses
of Congress.
In response the President sent the fol-_
lowing message:
. .
To the Senate and Howe of Representa
qN-
I itiGontlemen - : In coming before you
for the first time as Chief Magistrate of
this groat nation; it is with . gratitude to
the Giver of all good for the many bene
fits we enjoy. We are hli3ssed withpeace
at home and aro . without entangling
alliances abroad 'to forbodo trouble.
With a territory unsurpassed in fertility,
of an area equal to the abimdant,support
of five hundred millions of , people, - and
abounding in Nwoiy variety of useful
minerals, in quantity itufficient to supply
the world for generations_; with exuber
ant crops k with a "Variety of climate
adapted to the production of every
species of earth's riches and suited to
the habits, tastes, and requirements of
every living thing ; with a population of
40,000,000 of free people, all speaking
one language, with facilities for every
mortal to - acquire an education ; with
institutions, closirig to none the avenues
to fame or any blessing of fortune that
may be coveted ; with freedom of the
pulpit, and press, and schools ; With a
reienue flowing into the national treasury
beyond the requirements of government,
happily Order is being
. rapidly restored
Within our own borders. Manufactures
hilherto ithicnown . within our country
are springing up in all directions, pro-
ducting, a.degree of national' independence
unequalled.by that of any other power.
These blessings, and countless 'others,
are submitted to your care and mine,
,}Wore for safe keeping for the brief ,
iieciod
of onr tenure of office. In a short time
we must each of us return to the ranks
-of-the.people who have conferred upon
us our honors, and account to them for
our stewardship. I earnestly desire that
neither you nor I may be condemned by
a free and enlightened constituency, nor
by our consciences. .
Emerging. from a rebellion of gigantic
magnitude, aided as it was by the sym
pathy and assistance of nations With_
which wo were at peace, eleven States of
-the Union were, four-years ago, left with
out legal,i3tate governments. A. national
debt had been contracted—American
•commerce was almost driven fro in tho
seas; the industry of the country had
been taken'from the control of the capi
talists and placed where all labor right:
fully belongs, "in the keeping of ;iheo
laborer, The work of restoring State
governmentaloyal to the Union, of pro
tooting- and 'fostering_freolabor and pro.
vidingrneans for paying the interest on
the public debt, has received ample at
tention from Congress, although your
efforts have not mot with the success, in
all particulars that inightliiiveilsoon - de--
sired,Teralfr - fiiiliae, -- tlreirliiWirbiSiiii •
more successful' than could have been
reasonably anticipated.
Seven States which passed ordinances
of secession have boon fully: restored to
their places in the Union. The eighth,
Georgia; hold an election at ' which she
ratified her Constitution, republican in
form, elected Governor, Members •f
Congress, a State 'Legislature, and, all
other alms required. The Governor
was duly installed find tho Legislature
mekand performed all the acts thcri•re.
(piked of them by the reconstruction
acts of Congress. Subsequently, how
ever, . in violation of the Constitution
which they had just ratifle/—as since de
cided by the Supremo Court of the State
—they unseated the colored, members of
the Legislature and admitted to seats
some members , who aro dis'qualifled by
the third clause of the fourteenth amend
ment to the Constitution, an . article
which,they themselves had contributed
to ratify. Under these direurnstances I
_would - submit .to you whether it would
not be well, without delay, to 'enact a
law.authorizing the Governer of Georgia
to convene the members originally CAected
. to the -Legislature, -- requiring each 'to
s take the oath presented by the recon
'struction acts, and none to be admitted
••whaaie ineligible under the third clause
of the fourteenth Amendment.
The freedmen, - under the protection
which they laVe reCOived, are .rtiaking
rapid progress in learning, and no com-
Jplaints are hoard of lack of industry on
their part, where Ahoy rcceive:fair•re
.
.muneration for their labor.
,„
The means Provided for paying the
:interest on the public debt, with all other
.expensea of Government, aro more than
*table: -
The Toss of our 'commerce is the only
result of the late rebellion which has not
receird sufficient attention from you.
To this' übject I call your earnost:atten-
tion..:ll not now suggest, plans by
whioli this object may be effected, but
if necessary,' make it thi3 subject of
a iipecial message during the session.
At the. March term, Congress, by joint
resolution, aUthcirized tho Executive to
order elections in the States of Virginia,
and. Texas, to submit. to
theni the constitutions , which each had
4roiriousli in couyention formed, and
'.submit the constitOtions, either entire or
. 'in separate • parts, to bo iotetthipon at
- the diseption of the Executive. Under
1111's authority elections were called in
Virginia. The election took on
faith of July,_lB69. The rtiolierpor
'Lieutenant tiovernor elected have
been infilalled, the Legislature met and
Aid all required by;thisresolution andby
• 411 the reconstruction . acts of Congress,
and ohstained frau, alLilouhtful author
- - ity:7 roceeninanill,thai her Senators end
r Itepresentativoi,:bil promptly admitteil
to their seats—that' the State be fully
t yestored to. its place in tim family of
Statei. ' Eleetions Were called in 3fissiti
sippi_Ond Texas, to commence on the
thirtieth of Novembei, 1909, 'land to last
two days in Mississippi and four days in
,iToicas.. The elections have taken pine.;
but the result is not known. It is to be
hoped that the acts of tho• Legislatures,
-of these States, when they meet, will bo
• such as to meet your approval, and thus
raloselthe Work of recoristmetion.
Among the evils growing out of the
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rebellion, and not yet referred to, is that
of an irredeethable currency. 'lt is.ian
evil which I hope will receive O'er must
careful attention. I£ is a ditty, and One
of the highest duties of governmeht, t t , .,'
secure to. the. citizen - a-prili,um' of 433.,:-
change of fixed, unvarying value:.' `Phi's
implies ayeturn to,a specie basis, and no
substitute for it can 'be devised: ' It
should be commenced now, and readied'
at the earliest practicable
. moment coe- -
' slate* with a fair, regard tO the Interests:
of the debtor class. Immediate resum.P.'
tion; if practicable,- would not be deslia- ,
blth It would compel the debtor clasa 'to
Pay beyond their contracts the premium
on gold at , the' date of their pprelthae,
and would bring bankruptcy and ruin
to thousands. Fluctuations, howeiiK
in the paper value of - the measure:of - an
values, gold, is detrimental to the inter
estaof trade. - It makes the 'man of busi
ness an involuntary gambler, for in all
sales where future payMent ,is to be
made, parties speculate 'es to what will,
be the \nide of the,,eurreneY to be paid
and received. I earnestly recommend to
you, then, such legislation as will insure,
a gradual return - to specie payments,
and put an immediate stop to fluctuation'
in the value of currency. The methods;
'to secure the former of these results are
as numerous as are the speculgorron
'Political economy. To secure the latter
I see but one way, and that is to-author
• ize the Treasury to redeemits own paper
at a fixed price whenever presented, and
to withhold from circulation all chimney
- so 'redeemed until sold again for gold..
The vast resourceri'of the nation, birth.
developed and undeveloped, 'ought to:
make our credit the best on earth. With:
a less burden Of taxation than the citi-'
zen has endured for six years thrt, the
entire public debt could lie paid.in less
than ten years ; but it, is not desirable
that the people Should be taxed te:l‘air it
in that time. Year by year2the,ability
to pay increased in a rapid ratio, but file
burden of interest ought to be reduced
as rapidly as can be done without the
violatioii of contract. The public. debt'
is represented iu a. great part by bonds;
, i ,
having from do 16 twenty and from fen
to forty years t run; bearing interest at
the rate of six per cent, respectively. It
is optional with the Government to pay
these bonds at any period after the expi
ration of the least time mentioned itpOn
their face. The tithe has already expired
when a great part of them may be ta
ken,_ and is rapidly approaching wlien
all may be. ...
It is believed that all which are now
due may be replaced by thoS'e bearing a
rate interest not exceeding four and
one half per cent, and as rapidly as the
ranifider become duo that they may be
replaced in the same way. To' accom
plish this, it may be necessary to autlici-r
-ize the interest _to be paid - at — either of
three or four s of the
,money_centres_a
Europe,' or, by any Assistant Treas
urer of the United States, at the option
of the . holder of tho bond. I suggest
this subject for_the consideration aeon ;
gross, and also simultaneously with-this
the propriety of redeeming our currency,
as before suggested, at its marketNalue,
at the time the law goes into effect, in
creasing _at the_mte at' which currency
will-be-bought-and-sold-from-day-toay;
or week to week, at the same rate of in
terest as Government pays upon its
bonds.
The subject of tariff and.internal tax
ation, will necessarily receive your zit-'
tention. The revenues of the country
aro .I,,rreater than the requirements, and
may with safety be reduced.; but as the
funding'of the debt - in a four or four and
a half per cent loan -would reduce' the,
annual current expenses largely, thus af
ter funding justifying a greater reduction
of taxation than would be now expedii,
ent, it may be advisable to modify taxa
tion and the tariff in instances where 'un
just or burdensome discriminations aro
made by the present lawiF regulating this
subject. I recommend the postponement
of it for the present: ,
I also suggest the reneital of the tax
on incomes, but a reduced rate, say three
'percent, and this tax to expire in three
years. The' funding of the national debt,.
as hero suggested, I feel safe , in saying,
that taxes and the revenue from inverts
may be reduced safely from sixty to
eighty millions per annum at once, and
may be still further reduced, from year
to year, as the resources of the country
are developed.
The report .of the Secretary of the
Treasury , slioNis: the receipts of the Gov- .
ermnent - for the fiscal year ending- Juno
80,= 1809, to be $370,949,747, and' the ex
expenditures, including, interest, bean
ties, &c„ to be $391,490,597. The esti
mates for the ensuing year are inure fa
vorable to the Government; and -will no
doubt alien , : aTinnolilargerTdperease of
-
the public debt, The receipts in the
Treasury, beyond, expectalions, have ex- .
ceeded" the amounts necessary to place
the sinking fund as provided by law. TO
look up the surplus in the eTreinairY and
withhold it froni circulation would lead
'to such a contraction of the currency as
to_cripplutrade and seriously itffect .the
piospOriti - Jrnder these
circumstances, the Beeretaryof the Treas
ury andmyself heartily concurred in the .
purchase of Government bonds; thus rO
(hiding the . interest bearink.debt of the
country, and of submitting. to,Congress
- the - question Of the dispositiOn to "lie
made •of the bonds so pnnshatielt The
bonds tor held, by the TreaSury.ainiount
to abbot,seventy-five million dollars, in- ,
eluding those tolonging to tile 4anking
fund, . and I reconimend, thitt the whole
be : placed to. the' credit of the' sinking
fund.
Your attention invited
to the reCOmmendations of the'Becretary
of the Treasury for the ckeetron. pf the
office of Commissioner of CustornerAcvl
exiue, for the increase' Of salary to, cor--.
tarn class of officials,
.and the subseftu!
tion of increased National Dank circular
stion, to. replhee_thes.oiitstandiffilliree
,per,
cent, certificates, ecttacates , innt Poet CeP OOIOI Y to;
recommendation for the. repeal ',Of,
shaies; of 'fines, ~penalties
and forfeitures to oilkor's of, the;
ment, or to informers.
The office of COmrnissoner of. Inter.
nalAevenuo is one of the most arduous
and redpiknsitie: the !f i iiiVetainent,
itAhils but* little, , it
net:position !nits
-I'sibititios would ashi,
,therefore;', fey
Mich :higi4ritl'en. as in'.yrirtF jadkeeOfit will
pJ'pep; pragp on a fdothit dignity )
commensurate with its importance and.,
T .s;
Min=l=
CM
' It'll 11 1 17 ( 1 ,4 , 1 ,11,}i 1 14.1,71" 1 :7 1 1 1 1:5
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- 41111i 1 701,1•44.1
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qualfleatins °flit° class , rm
of on required
.r ws.ilitiJUniteit Sttiteet is theT'freest of
ll .'.rcitiOniii.: l 4,toii,' the iieople syi'ili.ti,-,
Abize'with : all pimple strugkling- forlih..
erty andlselfr-govurinnent. A But While
sympathizing, it 4s due to,
,euy honor that
we, should - abstain.:froin enforcing , our
r . : 44:i uPeti.tinWillingiintions;a4ul - from.
lir t\i
tifiltli au intereited.Part without aiitn- .
vitatio .. In the-quarrels between -dif
ferent nal ‘ ns, or between governments
' amd their ..pi jeets,. our course should al
ways be in c ormity with strict justice
and law, into iational and local. Such
has been the i Olicy 'of the ..adminiSira:,
tien in dealiat with these - qUestions. ' -
. For mote than a . year , a valuable prov- ,
1100 --- of Spain, and a neat neighbor of
-ours,- - in - whom all our people - cannotlnit
feel a deeP interest,. stiutgling
for indOPOndon.ce and. -freedom. 'The:
people and Grover/mica 7of the. Unite l d
States entertain' 9167e:rn) warm footing
gild sympathies for the People ,of Cuba .
'Millen: pending strugglif that they 'iWart
ifeSted thionghent the:previous struggle
between quill and her former'colonies in
behalf 'of the hitter. But the contest
ifts:at nu tune assumed - the' conditions .
which ainount pri,p., war in the sense of
international law, or which would show
lho 'ex:lstate° of a 'defcicto. political or
gaiiization'of the insurgents 'sufficien to'
justify a recognition, of belligerency.
The, ptificiple is maintained; hOweyer,
that this natOn is its own judgewhin to
accord the rights Of belligerency, either
to a people struggling to free themselver
~from e.,.governuiput :they helieve to'.be
oppi:essix , e, or twoliuldpendent '•
nations
at War with. cash other.. •
.. The ;United EtitteS Late ito diS • position
to'interfere with the existinpelations of
Spain to her colonial possesSiovis on this
continent.. They believe that in duo
time Spain and other Europ r ean powers
will find their interests in terminating
these relations, and establishing their
Present powers, members of the family
of nations. The dependencies zje no
longer regarded al subject to traesfer
from one European power to another.
When the present relation of colonien
ceases, they 'ate to become independent
Powers, demising the right of choic'e
and of p3lf,con_troll.,in. the determination
of their future condition and relations
with otherpowers.
The United State's, in order to put a
stop to bloodshed in Cuba, and in the in
terest of,,a noigliboring people, proffered
tlibir good offices to bring the existing
widest to a termination. - The offer not
boingaccepted by Spain, on a basis which
we br ed 'could
be received by Cuba;
was withdrawn. It is hoped that the
good offices of the. "United States may
yet prove advantages to the settlement of
this unhappy strife. Meanwhile a num
ber -of-illegal expeditions againt Cuba
have been brolten up. It has been en
de-we;or
the neutrality laws in good faith, no mat:
ter how unpleasant the teslt—made from
tlipaiiffering we have endured from lack
of likeTkbod ,faith towards us bs other
nations.
On -the 26th of March •last, the United
States schooner Lizzie Major was arrest
ad on the higli seas by a Spanish frigate,
aiiii - wo-9)assengera---wero-taken.-from,it,
and casried as prisoners to Cuba. Rep
resentathies of these facts wore •made
to' the Spasis „government as 'soon as
sufficient information of them- reaelieir
Washington, The . two passengers were
set at liberty, and the Spanish govern
ment assured the United States tgi4 the.
captain in making the capture had acted
without orders, that he had been repri
manded for the irregularity of his con
duct, and that the Spanish authorities hi
Cuba would sanction any act that could
violate Lie rights, or treat with disrespect
the sovereignty of this nation.- TIN
question , Of , tho seiime-of the-brig-Mary
Lowell, at one of the .Bahama islandS,
by Spanish authorities, is now the subject
of 'correspondence between this Govern
ment and those of Spain and Great Brit
tali'. The Captain General of Cuba,
about May last, issued a proclamation
authorizing search to be made of vessels --
on the high seas. 'lmmediate remon
straneo„was made against this, 'where
upon the Captain General issued a new
proclamation, limiting the right of search
to vessels of the United States so far as
authorized under the treaty 175. This
proclamation, however, was imniediately
withdrawn. ' , • 4
I always felt that the Mostinti
mate relations shonld be .cultivated be
tweeh the Republic of the United States
and all independent nations on this con-
Uncut. It may be well worth consider
ind whether now treaties between the
United States and thorn may not be profit
ably entered itM to tecuromorointimatee
relationspfrientily r eommereial aiid_ other,.
wise. • .
The anbjeilt of anocennie canal to coll
ect• the Atlantic, and Pacific oceans
through the Isthmus of Darien is ono in.
which comnierce,. is grikttly "interested.
Instructions' have been given to our min-.
istor to the republic of the United States
of Columbia to endeavor to obtain au
lliority- for a survey b'y
. the , ...Glovernmont,
in order to determine 'the practibility of
sueli an undertaking and a charter for
the right of way to : private enterprise for.
such is work, if the skyey proles *to be
practicable.
. . . ,
In order to comply NvithiliOitgreenient
of the Unite4 . States eom-
. ,
mission at Lima for the adjustment. of
*kinds, it beblune necessary to appoint a
commiSidoner and a, secretary, tO' Liana in
Ani'bet, last. • No. appropriathin linving
been 'made br Oongiess fortliis ptirPose,•
it in now asked that one be ',made covoi
,ing the past and future oxpotiaee oi the
committee. ,
!rbezood Offices of Stio Viiited States
01 3 0,1* about a peace, betweett Spain
tituttlie South :American llopuldic with
vihtidi, alio is now at 'witt, 'ha:ol>i been',
r.t,e°PW , J>Sr. . Peru, and. Chili, a
. „I:loagrois lino been •inyited-to be held in'
Washiiigton„during preiMilli*lpter..
il' graiit : liax;Leen given Ici: , Ettropians
of an Ox,clasivo, right of transit oyor4lie .
territory of Rlearaugas
Rica has giveli its assent, iv)19.11, 'k is al
leged;' conflicts with yested.tights ofeit,-
.igensOf.tlmVaitediititteSili,,The pop'art,
ynoiit'qt Stitt!) knit! poW•Riiii etthjeotAiOder
• '..; .
• .114 4 . *i»lo4•4oo . o..biiillikwitilo
yeAnctirpp'o W:oWit"
Wit
York,. thirty gall boats, wllich migb be
ME
c" . _L _
' CARLISLE - ,:TENWA ' 'THURSDAY DECEMBEtt:I6;, - ;.1569; -
MENEM
used by; Spain in such a waylaaO'relieve,
the 'flairallorcOut as to operate
ag,ainst Peru,. orders were given 19.pre-
Yrimt. their:departure, :No further,
haling been taken by. the representatite
of the GoiTernMent - to"Prsvent,
the departiire of these ViSliels,;aud,'lrticiC
feeling anthorized.tp detain the propOrty,
of a nation with which we are,at peace,.
on a mere !sa+ecuti , ve Order, the Matter.
has'been' referred' to' the , courts to'do
,
Tho 'conduct of the war between the
Allice and the Ileinh of•Paragna*las:A
niride the intercotiiSelth ;that 'country
.so difficult that, it has. been .deetnedad-:
visahle-to,-witlidiniv' , our-represontative:
*oaf there. ' • -
lower& the .close of the as ,a tot
1 A
..„
tration a convention. yes signed at .Lert-.,
dam for the settleritent of outstanding,
claims between .Great Britain: and the °
-United Statek. which failed to receive ad
vice and consent of the Senate to its ref.. ,
ificatien. Thethneendeircumstancesitt-,
I P ll7 .4iilittie u4otiationot the treaty Were:
favernhlOo its aeceptance by the people
of" the United States, but its provisions.
were Wholly inadequate for the' settlement
of tie grave wrongn that had heen see
tained by this Government, as well es by
its citizens; . -The - injuries; insulting to
the United States,
• hy" reason of the
course adopted by Great Britain during
our late eivil war, in the
° increased rates
of insurance, in the diminution of exports
and imports, and other.'obstructienet•
domestic 'industry and prodnation, in, its
effects upon the foreign commerce of the
'country, in the &Crease and 'trarusfer to
Great Britain of bur commercial Mariner,.
in the prolongatiOn of the'war, aii4 the
increase cost both in treasure and in the
lives of its suppressers, could nOt.be ad
justed and satisfied as ordinary commer
cial claims which continually- arise-be
tween Commercial nations; and yet the
convention treated them simply as suill
ordinary elaiinS, from *high they differ"
more widely the gfnvity of their char
acter than in. the magnitude 'of their.
amount. Great as ie the difference, - mit
a word wan found in the treaty, and net
an inference could bo drawn from it to
reprove the sense of the unfriendliness of
the course 'of Great Britain in our atrug
.gle for existence, width had .no deeply
and universally impressed itself upon the
people of this country. Believing that a 1
convention thus - misconceived in Its
scope, and inadequate in its provisions,
would not. have prodneed the hearth.'
cordial settlement of the pending quet4 '
tiOns whichalonels:cmunstent with the
which I dealt* to have' eatah
lished between the United Stated, and
Groat Britnin, I recognizedthe action Of
the Senate in rejecting thetreaty to belie,
been wisely taken in the intereetOf peace
-7 nrica a neces.,-;,,, •• - -
an - eTiiecessary step in the directicin
of wperfeet and. cordial _friendship_be
tWeen the two' countries. A Wensitive.
.people, cOarseibus of:their powei,Jire
more. at ease under a great wrong, wholly
unatoned, than under the restraint of a
settlement r whielf eatielles neither their
ideas of justiee nor theingrave acne of
the - grieVance - thejhave snsfained.. The
rejection of the treaty wes followed by' a :
state of public ._opiniOn both eideg
which I thought not favorable to an im
-mediate-attempt-at-rtmewed-negothitionr
I accordingly se ineirdekil the deter
of the United States to Great Britain,
and found that my views in this regard
wme'aliarulti~ Her 3fajet34 7 l9._l%fipistcra:
I hope that tire' time Unit - sent' . aj'rive
when the two ittn,Oplyneilts:Cririatirironeh
the solution.of. thii .momentonaquestion
with an appreciation of to the
right, dignity anc,l l ,horto . rof L ottch, and
with the determination not — only to re-
move the causes of complaint intluipast,
but to lay the foundation of a broad
principle ot publie-law which : will pre
,vent future differences, and tend to flrin
La:nd :--continued-Lpeaoe-and—friendahip.
This is -now the only , grave question
which the United States has with . any
foreign nation. .
The, question of renewing a treaty for
reciprocal trade between - the United
States and the British Provinces on this
continent has not been favorably consid
ered by the administration. The advan
tages of such a . 40E4 Would be wholly
in favor of the British Provinces, ex
cept possibly a few engaged in the trade
between the two sections. No Citizen of
the United States weldd.he benefited by
° reciprocity. Our intornaltaxation would
prove a protection to. the British produ
cer almost equal to the protection which
our manufacturers now receive feint' the
tAitt.':- Some arrangements,- however, for
the regulation of commercia) intercourse
.between 'the United'States and the Do
minion of Canada may bo desirable. ,
• „-
The commission for adjusting the
claims of . the Hudson Bay and Puget's
Bound Agricultural , Company upon the
United Stateilas terminated its labors.
TlMayard of six:hundred' and Ilfty thou
sand dollars hasbeen made; and all rights
. and titles of the ( cOmPany ontho territory
of the United ,BtatefiThave been . . extin
rand . de eild &air 'OE
the company have Veen delivered. An
appropriation by Congress to meet this
sum is asked..'
The conirnissionore for deterinining
the northwestern land boundary between
the United States and the British poises
sions, 'under the treaty of 1850, have own,
pleted their labors, and tlu:1 eoninihtsiint
has liven dissolved.
In conformity with the roconnuenda- -
tion of Congress, a proposition was early
made to the British clovernm ent. to, nhol,
ish the mixed cottrts created Mid4thO
trenty of April 7, 1802, for thp,
-, Tho. sul : ljelat is
atilt mid& Mogotieticii, *,
It „havinic, eemii to knowledge:that,
a corporate ~ , tloinpans:,, orgonized,npiler,
British laws; propeso land upon the,
shores of the Thiitid . fitstes and olier4tii •
there ft suit) marine ?able under n cOneest;
sion from, his the,i Enipsior ,of
the Trench of ono" exclusive tight fmi 20.
yearinf -tolevaphie.communication bo
tWepii , the abores or ,FititOtt 'and the
United States, with the 7 irery obitiOtionk,
hie feauie ;Of eubjeetleg, : 4l, ,lheasagee
conveyed thereby to the ,tiqht).3iy end ,
pontsol oft the l i renc4flct4YOßfl),*,..4
aug 3 ( l :: l bia VPiziOV ana
at Watbiegto* t 4 be 1 / 2 #lll4o,,flitklNgoitell.
with the probablapolieyteizrelso,on
'the aubjeet';ltii'lhieshadoWed I.b
'which pamettthe 7 genato• in March belt,
Thlo ilieWffeth' V4fir.64)jthitiref 4 " of
Phmpltlig, o : !rivroproplft . 4fi t , OP9t,
5h0,P0p19:90491r
viefoneof that bill, or sylph ottorimt,ot,,,
mentsAn the subject its might be passe'd
,flnrieg,,the npproaehipg :session of. Con
g.r,gss to i nse, i their influence • se-
VP) SlovorMnellt
z 11 30it!c.a.491.44 thOr concessipp , idan,to
,perinitAhe .landing of anyicable belong.;
ipg any, crimps:my:lncorporated lty-the
mit494t Y:pf tho,Pnited States or of, aty
§tnte of the.lJniop, and on their 'girt, not
to, pppose,the establislimeneof any STIOI '
cable. In consideration of this agree
ment I directed the withdrawal of afl
opposition - by the United States to the
landing of the ( cable, and to the working,
of it, until the meeting of Qongress....
.kOgrei,tO:sei that' iherelias been no'Cnod
ifletition reade.in the company's conees
'Sinn,'nor isii,kor I can learn have they
ntt O repted secure one: Their collect',
the 'cipitai and the citizens`
Untied States from competition on
the'silCifljs of France . riecOnimend
t'S 't 1 1 • •
islatev . te pro t r g Ite of citizens of
the baited States, we ll thedignity
find'as: es
seVeMigti Of the nation against such
nn assumption: L shall also endearor to
secure by negotiation as abandonment
of the principloof monopolies in ocean tele-.
graph cables. Copies of "correspondence
is herewith furnished. - - •
The, Unsettled political condition of
other countries less fortunate' than our
own; sometimes , induceatheir citizens
come tellie s United States, for the pur-•
pose of being naturalized. Having se
cured this, they return to their native
country, - and reside thre without disclos
ing this. change of allegiance. They ea
eopt official positiohs of trust or honor , •
wldch eau only be held by citizens of
their native land. , TheY journey under
paaeports desc,ribing.thent as such - citi
zens, and-,itts . only when.. civil dhicord,
after years, Perhaps, of 'iptlet,J.lncatena,
their persons, or their property, or when
their native State_ drafts. theat into roili
tat•Y Service, that the - fact of their change
of allegiance' ie made known. Thekre
side permanently-from.the-United-6 •
they contribute nothing tea resources ;
they avoid the duties of its citizenship,
and they Only , niake Abemselves known
by a claile . *. of protection. I have di
rected the Diplomatic and Consular offi
"eenciof-the-Paited - States - to-scrutinize,-
carefully, all stielr of protection.
the citizen of the United States, whether
native or adopted, is. entitled - twits - corn,
Protectien: ' While I have , a voice
in the direction of affairs,l shall not con-
Sent to.inriperil the sacred right by con
ferring it upon . fictitious or fraudulent
claimants.
- On - the - accessiOn of the present admin . : -
istration; it was found. that' the minister
for-North Germany had made proposi:
flout; kir the negotiation of a convention
for the protection of emigrant passengers,
to which •no response bad been given.
It - Was cone to e ;a o eel ee un , a
therearitiine_powers engaged in the trade
Should join, in such Mii:‘: -- ure. Invita
tions have been extended to the cabinets
of London, Paris, Florence; 13erlin,. Erns
sela, the Hague, Copenhagen, and Stack
lohn, to empower three representatives
'at :IValdtington
_to simultaneously erittir
into negotiations, - and - to — conclude with
the United Staten conventions identical
in form, malting, uniform regulations `es.
to the construction of the parts of ves
sels to b 4 deioteito-the.use..of,emigrant.
juiSiettirrs aa.to_ther_quality_and_quatk
tity of food ; akto the medical treatment
of the sick, and as to the rules to be-oh
'served during the voyage,_in. order to-se--
cure'viiillntlon, to promote lThil,
Prevent intrusion, and to proteet the
fe
utalos, and Providing 'for tho establish
mont of - tribunals in the several vein
irreS, for 'enforcing such regulations by
_sum . mningroces. , •
Tont. attention is respectfully called to
the laW.regulating thotariff on Russian .
, hemp, ked to the question whether, to
fix the charges on Russian hemp higher
than they are_llxed upon - Manilla is not a
violation of your treaty with Rus:sia, pine.
big her pi(iiincfs upon the
_sante footing
withlhodo of the most favored nations.
)ur manufactures are increasing • with
wonderful rapidity under the encourage
ment 'Which they now receive, with the.
improvements in machinery . already ef
fected, and 'still increasing, causing ma
chinery to take the place of skilled labor.
To alarge extent our imports of many
artieles must fall off larg6ly within a few
years.. v ForttMately, too, manufactures
are not cOnfined to, a few localities, an
formerly, and, it is to be hoped, will be
Como more and more diffused, smoking
the interest in them equal•in all sections.
They give employment, and support to
hundreds of-thousands of people„at honte, -
and retain - with us the - Moans • which
otherwise would be shipped abroad.
.The extension of railroads in Europe,
and the East,.is bringing, into competi
tion with our agricultural products; like
products of other countries; Belfinter
'est; ,if riot; self preservation,. therefore,'
'dictates' cantle!' against disturbing any.
industrial Interest of. the 'country. It
butelies us also the necessity of looking
to othermarketi. for thii sale of our sur-
Pins. Our neighbors south of us, Mul
Clibia and Japan, should . -repeive our
speohil attention. It will be •the en
deavor of thciadministration to cultivate
stieh r relations.with.fthose nations as ... to .
entitle'as to their contldeike, and makii
it their interest, as well as Ours, to extol).
lish better cow merolal relations.
Through the agency of more'eulight
ened:poliepthan that heretofore pursned
toward China-Llargely due to the Saglic- .
Ity and '.efforts of our own distinguished
world is about tO 'cconmence •
largely increased relations with that pepii-
.048 And hitherto exclusive nation. - 'Au
tiltP.TJtilto
toip in the newpoyey;; so they should tie
the most cartestla ehowirig their' &T iled
faith it a 81.1000118.
thiff :connectlon,'lf4vitm.suelt,fegic
iutien es. will , forever preclude thesiln
slavetrient'of the Chinese uponAnirijdf,
usurer the noun, of tifo
sent A;rlocli#n'n,pppselß, fiem engaging
the-transpertittion , of Coolies-to anyetimi.:'
try tolerating the syStern.:. •fiolssireqdrii-!
Usundi l itt misSion - tUbilnis
'to One Ofilrat olass. ..
Unori Tay
0r,94 0 ( ittligtotrOW Ortho Vilited*Mei;
,ithilke With .the enoviation tligt thrOP
tiiiugsWere essential tp its peace, - prosper,.
ity and fullest , develonnient. Tint atfipne
integrity all
oar ohligetione kielOtel, to secure pro
nr,
te'ettesto the Person and , propetir of Op
014001109iiiinjteol,BtAtpe ilj emt. !pit
•Pverf , thrtlfih Af Ant L
othiticin cgiihkrx'
vriereyer 116 may ellnitae ti) !pave' - With-
out reference' to origifial nationalitY,'
ligion, 'color, or politics, demanding. 'd
him only..obediencelo the 'awe and
per respect for the rightfr of others ;
thirdrnnien - of all-the States-with egn l
rights indestructble by any constitution ,
al means. _To-secure the first of those
Congress has taken two eiseritier etepal
'First. In declaring by ioint resolution
that' the publiis debt should be paid, min
cipal and interest in coin ; and second ;:
•
by providing the means for paying. -
viding the means, howeVer; could not'
. cure the object desired without ti.prper
administration of the lads ilia col
lection of the revermes,and an economi
cal disbursement of them: _Tolthiatubr.
pet the administration has most
ly addresSed itselOvith the' results . I be-,
ontififactOri the Country::
. .
.
There has been rio hesitate'', hi eimuji
ing_ officials in order to secure an eflipiefit
execution of the laws. Sometimes too,
(where in a mere party
.view undesirable,
political results were, likely to follow
froni: any hesitation in maintaining ,offi
cient officials,) against
. remonstrances
wholly political. . .
It maybe: well to,nteutiou here theein.
barrasements possible to arise frontlea!wl ,
ing ou the Statute. 'Oho the..eo , ca 1141,1
tenure °Calico act, and to earnestly roe
ommend its total'repeal. • It: could not
have•been the intention . of the framers
.of the constitution when providing-that
appointments by tho President should
receive the consent of the Benate,thattlie
latter should have the powerto retain in
office persona placed there - By Federal aP-.
pointment against the will of the Presl
'dent. The law is inconsistent with, a
faiiltful and efficient administration :of
the, government. What faith can.an ex
ecutive havojin officida forced ;upon him,
and hr those whom ho has. suspended for .
reiteen ? such offieials be like:,
ly to serve an adiniiiistration:Which they,
know door not trtist them/ For. the.sec
-•.h and inpspui- I puldi
ILEI:MiI
=I
ty, Ulna and firm,. but: hatnan etheinis 7
tratiou of existing laws, amended
_from
time ko time as they may prove ineffeet
tive, or prove harsh and unnecessary, are
_probably all
_the more required.: ; ,Tho
third cannot be obtained by-ant/medal
legislation; but must be regarded as fixed,
b • the constitution itself, and giadually
1 1 acquiesced - in by force of public-opinion,
. .
From the foundation of. the Govern
ment'to the present the management of
the original inhabit:int:l - of this contimpt
—the Indiatis—ltyp. been a subjecrof,
embarrassment -and—expense,- and has
beefiattended with continuous rOblieries,
murder, andwars.- From my own_.4pof.
rience upon the frontiers, and in Indian
countries; Ido not hold either theleg,is
lation or the conduct of the 'whites )vhd
coinemost-in-contact—with-the-Indiaes;
blameless for these !ioStilities. The past,
however, cannot be undonc,, and the .
question must he met as._we new, find it.
I have attemptoa now- policy towards
these warcTilirthe
be regarded in ally other light thansas
wards—with fair results, so far as tried,'
'and whicla hope _will_ be attended-ulti—
mately with grektsuccosses. The societY
of Friends, aro well known as having. suc
'oeadcd in. living iri rieri6s * with the Indians
in the earl settlement of Penns 1 ania
while their white neighbors ef othersects
lir - other -- options -- were - jeopstantly7 ern.
inoilcd. They : are : also known for. their .
oppositAon to'all strife, vielerice, and war,
and--aro--generaly-liqf.pd—for-theirlstriet.
integrity and fair dealing,_,. Those con.'
sideratlons induced me to give. the roian
agement of a. few reservations of Indians ,
to them, and throw the,luirden of select
ing of agents upon the society itself.
The result his proved rdest, 'satisfactory t .'
It will be found more fully sot forth in
the report of the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs. For suiferintandents and Indian
agents not on the reservations, officers of
the army were selected. The reasons for
this were numerous. When Indian
agents are sent there - or - wcre - therei
troops must besent also. The agent and.
the - Commander of the , troops aro inde
pendent of each other, and are subject to
orders from different departments of the
Government.
• The army officer holds a position for
life,,the agent one at the will 'of the"-
President. The formers' is personally in 7.
terosted in living in
.hannOny- with the
Indiana, and in. the establishment of a
permanent peace; to the end' that spina'
pOrtion of this life may ,be spent within
the limits of civilized society. The hit
*has no SUCh personal interest, Another
reason -is • an-.economia—on6 7 and--still
another hold which the Gart - jrnmont-haS
upon a life °Aker t?'secure faithful dis-.
charge olduties is carrying out a giVen
policy. The building of railroads and
the Impose. thereby given . to all the ROI- .
cultural and mineral regions of the comi
ment into contact With 'all tribes 'of
Indians. -
No matter what ought to be the•rela
tion between such. settlements" and the
'aborigines, the fact is 'they do•not
moolza troll, and' ono or the Other haste
'give way in . the end. A., system which
looks to the extinction: of 'a race is too
horrible for a. niftiest to adopt; withUut
entailing upon, itself.: the - wrath , Of -all
Christendom,. and engendering in the'.
oitizon a disregard .for • honor, life, And
*alights of others, dangerous to Societyi
I see no substitUto for such a system ox=
copt placing all the Indians on large
reservations las rapielly,.as can•be dons;
and, giving them absolute: 'protootion
there .as soon as they are: itted:for i it. ,
They 'shoUld b 8 indiiCed to take their
lands.* haVeralty, and setup territorial
. government 'for their :own'Airoteetien.
,For full *ltalia on thia subjectl call yOur
specialtitteitikin to theropbrt etthe tyee..
rotary- ofi , the "rlnterlorl anil-the -Commis
sioner et Indian Affairs., • ,
The PIPPxt of the Secretary of War
pganilit,9res coy, the year eitd-
Vtt h P4 l #Or mil i,9/
pu n r.or o r . payraeoi of. debts coin
•t ra9 .t e 4; • .11: ii lt:41!9 Pot,
di'areablp to current. army ,P,V9lpea•
"VWl a t: ° - ; i f ,ogi; ( i'li:tor tIIP
in il3°l •!° l* ;.P' 4 ,l 'Ofir`. l 4 4 'oo • Poicc„11 4 01
PTitit Iv! I 14 w: 41 ," i' I ,I'.44O:AEW
taitk:O. -1 1 NieWilititoli IMP4 1 a10 1 1 1 ; :
re 41. 14.4 who aovor K!Yf•non 4 1 ? q 0 1 '
JiOwinier; the OOralithiki'
of the country should be'auch .. by,•thO [ VIA
frinitligt cit,tlloo4.ll.'ololv - s4oopiq
"of *pv4o 011( 1 1 0 1i1liOctpciflOcivii; 11*
) fliiitutprititi9u.ftekOk ffir : 4 #ol'
cisitaatoli
MEM
1 1. , I.
r;n.tl.4)
MEM
deeirf•
purposes will bo cuFpbnded: :
• -
recommendation iecomendation of tlie .t Oenoralqf
the athl tliat-'iliipropriatfoiS be made
t
tOt tile forth , tit .Boil ,' Portland gir;
_York, Philrideliillia r ', NY Orleans; •an l tl;
'Sail Filinel4O"alla for n - 7btliOr; la 'ean.2
entre& in. -', . .. i's , .. ... ::','=--
- 'I also ask your gPeelal attontkin to the
ieconimeriilation'"of • 'the General coin-,
niancling: ilivision,:of the,
i 1 acifile . for the - sale ettile seal Islands , of,
i3t: Pahl anilSt." beor,te; Alaska: 'retri
torYy anit- suggest. that it either lia.honi-,
plied with , or ',that ,legislaticinlielbad for.
the proteetkiii'of the teal - fisheries; from
Which-ayoyenneShould-he-derived; -
. The repbrtfot.the 'Secretary of War,
contains a aynopsiti• of
,the reports of the
~.heads ofbareaus, fir the commamlers of
military divisions,, and of the.districts of
yir g in* bliesiß s jppi, and Texas, and the
• report,of the : general of the army irk,fuli.'
The reqeminemjations, therein contained,
;have •,lieen, copsidercd
Mitt„ed for yoniactiou. . •
however, call special attention. to'tlN
intitendathill efiliqehict of 4difitnisp,
for the sale• of arsenals ,and lands .. 16
longer of mse to the - Government ; also to
the reConimentlition of `the Secretary off
War,-that the act of--the third-of Mareh,
'lB694firetibitirig lifeinetientiJ and ap
pointtripmt °nth° tdaff eorps of•the army,.
tie, repealed:, The extegt eCtlie country
to he, garrisoned toul the numlier of mil
itary posts, , to be 4.ipcilpied is. the.sitine
; with a reduced army
,as with,
,a4mzer
one, and 'number of staff officers-re-'
. .
quired is more
~dependent on tholattOr
than the former conditions,
The report of Alm Secretary, - of this
,Nityy,..,apcpmpanYind„thiS,_, shows r tlie
cundition . of the navy when thiw mlniMiS-'
tration carne iptAMfoee, and the changes
to --.,.StrepuomFeffortsliaveheen-
Imule.toplace as,:many vessels in com
mission (or render Omni tit.for service if
required), .as messible,: and to - etilistitute .
.the sail for steam ;whilst .bruising, thns,
materially reducing-,the expenses of. the
i navyi, and addinggreatly,to its, efficiency..
Looking to our future I recommend :it;
liberal, though not extrayegentTpoileY
-towards_thisjuanoll of the public service.
The report : of the, Postmaster, General
furnishes-a dear-and-comprehensive ex- .
J.iibitfof the operations of 41mpostal sel•
vice and of the ,fluancial condition Of the
Pestoffico • department, ending. the t.liir
tieth. of Juno, The ordinary Postal
-revenues tor the year ending the thirtieth
et June, 1869 amounted to $l.B 344 610'
and the expenditures to $23,698,131,
shoWing an excess'. of 'explinditurea over
receipts' of '0,363,620, . The excess. of
expeinlitures over: receipts for the pre
vious year amounted f0'•56,437,9921; the,
inorease Otrevenues for' 1869 ever those
0f.1.868 was $2,031,909, and thein - e - aa.S"6 -
lariallieifdittlffif 7 iftia $937,638 ; the in- -
creased revenue - hi 1869 exceeded 'the in
creased revenue iriLl.B6B - by $1806,336; and
:thelnereaSed expenditures in . 1860 Was
42;527070 than: - :the increased
penditures in 1868, showing, by compar
: Non; this - gratifying feature orimp - rove=
went .. that the: -increase of
"
civoi:iliTinrcrese.ofieceipts
iii-4808-ria.54132,499,5115,: 41m - increase Of
receipts over the increase of expenditures
41869 Wa5.42,429,63.177th0 increase Of
receipts ever theiriereaseof oxpentlitnres.
in 1869 wa5:51,084,1374c
Your attention is respectfully called to
to-the •=reecenineinlation.- made -bf-tlie
Postmaster General for authority' to
change the rate of cogipentiationle
_the_
main trunk railroad linos for their Scryi- .
vices in e t arrying the mail'; 'fir . having
post route - .maps. executed ;, for . reorgan
luing and. increasing the offieimiCy of ilia
special'agency service ;: for ' , the increase,
of the mail service MiThe Pacific ; and for
establishing mail •gervice under. the 'flag
of the-Union on the Atlantie ;
-especially do I 4111 your attention 'to his
reconntendatiOn Tor the tot:if aliblition of
the franking privilege, This is an abuiie,
front Which no I ; ede i VON COM Mail 1111 : :tid
-advantage redifees- , the receipts-for']
the "postal service froin 'tventt• five" to.'
thirty per.cent,' 'largely increase the
service to beiperformed, . The method by
which pOstage'slibultliM:paid upon pub ,
licAniitteryisalortli fully in . the report
Of the-Postmaster!General
The rePort, of the Secretary' of the' In
show that, the quantity pf public
lands disposed of during the year ending
the 30th-'of-Dupe, -1860, 7 WR . a-7,655;152
'acres; - ;exe'edding''tlitit :Of the PrOcced
ing year by 1,010,407 acres; of this :Lama
2,899,644 atres were Sold for cash ;
.12,-
787,305 acres .entered under the
homestead laivs; and the remainder was
- granted to aid' in the' construction of
works. of internal improVement approved
to the, States as swamp lands and located
witli warrants and scrip. The caskite
reipta sburces'were $4,472,800, .
exceeding those of the proceeding year
4284,140.
. .
During the last flecal year 24;190'n:1meg
WOll3, added to the pension . rolls, furl 4,-
870 dropped therefrom; leaying at - its
close, 187,904. The amount paid to pen-.
sionprs,.:.,inelutling-.the-conapausation__!oL
.disbursing-_ agente,wne .-.1,8;422,-684,:
an
increase of $4,411,903. on that of the pre
year..Tho munificence of Congi+S
has been conspicuously manifested in. its
legislationjor yoltliers and sailors , Who
suffdred hi,the recent struggle , to main
tain . that. , unity, of goverunient which'
'makes us one people. The additions'to
the pension rolls of each , successive year,
sine° the conolusion4of hostilities,.
in, a . graat degree from the defettied
areentirnonts of•,the act of July 14, 1802,,
which extended ,its provisions to case's
not-falling vi thhtits original ecepo. - ,
large .ontlay, which .thus occasioned, is
further , ine,reaseit . by jinore,liberal al
lowance beetoyihil- 'that'hlate' upon.
'these:who' ,
'oiity whel
ly pertiaiiiitinti l yiligribred,
ion sanction
`lid' r cillfieOdiiCAAp.tio .I pint
burden is`' t'p ekeeialli'„hinlie 'than
004'WhiCit ilfilia / pOSeti,bil,liia . iiill.lloi of
the'eeiyiW 'li .( lll3'e6,eiilititieli, - AR,
just,
ly gen , .11ze"iiava on on filed,
.
.`le49i'the:li4t9o ogioe .
ro g diphi :
tfoi Atifeil4llo .
calqqii?AtfauttairttrOitt-'o,4:l4ixii!t
-onl.oe tit@ Becrotniti;(l443liaiio
MIM
MEI
.~ ~. ~ ~ ~ <iv .:i
I ,P.'.:7,,0Ff:fy:•`i1 . ; 73 ., ..1A1l 6iii. - .7llcr:‘ , J ~1.1. 1 ; -;1;r
io ed
cation Of frc'eilinen with i tfie. cither : finties•
if' it ,Cslll,o".llC'Siieof Coiigrcas
to-niale.the:certims - Wldel Must,lim_trWeU
ilqinitheyear 1810, morepomplOto . thah .
lieretOf4e,..l y . action,
earlctipti,
upon any 'plan. that mpy ho agreed. upon._
'A's'eangiii# at; Stq last sesSio - n,:appoint-,
eda,,,comufittepto „talco,,into, conslidera
thin such ineaSues "miglkl,bor deem4l.
pro Or. in rilference to. tiu? ! eonpus,,,aud.i i o
re'pert, a,plan,~l deSist,from sayiumutwe.;.
• ' • • • • l
eiitioii tho eta ins: recomininn your . ayora consul
Pc• giq.:AgYjc 4l tltraf
tureen fOr.'liiicAl aPpo - priations...
country - so diversified ilk climate . and sod
as ours, anil with a population sq largely.
dependent upon agriculture, the benefits,
that can be-conferred by properly-foster=
ing the Bureau are incalcuable..
" I desire respectfully„to call the Ittletk
tion of. Congress tb the invidequate,
ries of a number* of the most iniPortai t.
'officers of the 'Gevernment in this Ines-,
sage.• I will. not !enumerate Odin, - bdt .
willsheeify-'dnly the -JUsticefi o ftlie s
cis been Wede
ln their. salaried" for 'fifteen '
'within that limo the Idiot's' oy thq
avo. targefy:iiibreaseit:qaid* ..T .1 411': 5 45,.
'of .living Nava at lea'st doiddelt
. saina t,iino. fltinkresaliaS tivicS found - )) fi t
•neeeSsary io increaseltrgely i.ho romper-,
salon of-Its OWn Members,'Mal the dUt:y_
which it owe to another' 'departnfinit of
government fieseryes,..and
'edly receivelts'dim consider:it ten:
There are inany sidkjOtA not 'OO4
!to in this niesSage-• irith
prtipriety be introduced, 'but T abatithi,*t
believing that your - patrictisni.iiiid states
'inaniihip will suggest the idpies of the
:legiSlittioil - itio'st"Coilitheivo to the inter
est H . Qf the - Whole pOopkt.: On iny, part,
promise 'a - rigid- a illieronee to 1116'
their-stria ent'o'rcitinent:—
:17fL h'li-II,71~'C~It:
Pr-TVILL ' . I.:PJAD TO
• The irilporttint 110103 friiui ii ~ hiud of
the ntilurC of grain 'tirmq, many of thcin•
With ek:tenhire Aocrit4u
to still , furikr - depress the breadsOf
trade in 'this- country. Thesot failmOs
are;'nO re - sult of unsuccessful'
&h&j "niasic - cei both sides of the Atlantic
to - Checictliozdeeline grain; lel 'has
beenhteadilf failing fm; some time. , As
E l ligland is the largest importer of O tir
sipping 'crops, - the'qUotationg there rule.
'the whole market, • 'runt every: rWeStern
lamer-must.-461 the consequences 'in' '4l.
'probablo . .einitinuance of 'the present low:
'rates in Liverpool and. London. The re
cent failures must diS'ciittrhge any opera : i
tions for a risifforhomclitner,q,come, as
thOfe in'e no presentAilications.of an im
mediate - dossation of - the cause's that
produced the decline; .
. _
." - TIIiSCRIT6'SOI' the low pricasof grain]
:are- tO -44---pomarily-latrilmted----to-thc
-largely-increaserhield7of-thW-prescat‘
year.' -Our total cereal prOduct inlB4B-is
estimated at 1,405,449,00b - buifbels. •Of
2 . 1 . 7j08;0 . 00 Guslaiiii . 'n'ere Wheat. -
- .Probably - a - total'of - tiA 000,000' bushels,:
would be -an entirely safe' es - LlM:de
-1809. - This increase, snr
pittS of IRA-Year's crcip, - iroultl go far to
liTdonnt for the decline 'in prices. But
besides the increase -of Wheitt - We li the
-
had licaiiy crops of all kinds of fßofl. -
Even corn, in spite of reports fothe'eou
trary, will equal; if it does notexeel, last
• it
yoftra crops.: The large sup ts. other
ofproatice •rmist, course exercise
a depressing influence on cereals.
Another eause of the decline in price is
to be-found in the blunder•Of thlkfarinerti
back their crops 'last, year.
This policy resulted in the loss of the etc
port trade last semen, thus accumulating
a surplui•whielt prodticed Afall iuprices..
The farmers this Pan visited bite the op
:posite extreme, MilliiiirriedTerWard their
- crops on a falling Market.. The artificial
scarcity — Of curreacy'produced by
,thet
-Septa - lber gold petits dill the rest.„-- 1 4 he
result is, ,that prices, in' currency, ars
now belowthe average rates in gold be
fore the war, and breadstuffs are chpaper,
so far at
-least as, the produCers_ftre
sorned, than at any period for ten years,
except in 1903." Wheat is now so 1*
that in many district sin the West'farm
crslind it litore profitable t.o feed it to
hogs than to send it :to market." This.
coitrso will result in an increase' of pro
duction that will sooli: bring meatitilown
to iates etwrespimdiug to the price ofee..-
teals.
, The following table,nbovis tbe'receipts
at, and exports - fronf.Ne`vi_Torlc;liina
September. 1 to November 20, 1860; as
compared %Mh the'corresponding period
last year:; ' ' ;• :
1809._ 11168 1869.
.Flour ,8 ;,61X1 ' 422,100 1i7,1100
Whoint, Lux 8,0;9,000 0,108,300 1.,776 11111 1,00.1,0400
Cort.T - 7 , ' 3,m18,001 - 4,1/01,30i1 70;2100 _871,60, " 11,.2,14 . ,00 4,718,200 ,
Itye," 01,700 - 157,3101
ltorloy ", 1,:199,300 .1,N52,01N1
The receipts 'of cereals at thiti awl the
Lake POrts are.bonsideritfily ,in excOsS bf
the , qttatit ' last year.D
. Doting the .veclr.•
ending' NO Outlier '18;180, tlto :receipts
of Wheat,. t ‘ t , l
_flour at the Lake ports
Were equal to alabxeess of 1,053,000 'bush
els of wheat over the same
,period last
The stcieks-K-ae4An—st-ore-at—the
elok3' of last week, Chicago' and Mb:
wankee, 'were as
: fellow; :
•
1863. • 1867.
Cliinivnf b1ibi1ia1...1,515,000 - • 1,272,1001 '602,7tR1
. 111‘iikultee. 1,020,000
Total ... . 4 1,390,100 : 960,100
The stock of grain of all.kilidsin store
Mthis city, November Is, -amounted .to
:including . 2;44.0,998
.b4shefrof ''..Wliortt;-akaliiit.: a :total of
drath;he the . cMtes-
Pendinippbrled'inil.B6t3and.'o,l:l7B;o32 !in
1 1809. The increitiseAtstoelts-aithe talce•
ports' mid tlie , todnetion of tho`f<illolint ;
hold af this iloltii its'ciiiimaiiul 'With: fOr-'
met years;• sholythe 'A'cti'vity of- [116 1 M:-
lu:tit 'trade this Tho glinintity t"n.
;transieu on the:canals for . tide ..witter.
November 9.0, 187,0, r as' soil i' the
the i3iinfeperitalliskycar were : •
Flour
Wheat, hunh,
Onrn bulh.:6. 4 E.
Onto, lamb . ....
Ityn, ,
Barley, Mph.,
q`lioso various V° urns tow, the g s tont.
notiviLij or tifolciretilinuffg tr(00 'sea:
4 511
, ikOtiiipq the'
sit Isl.46'idltf;'l)li,fif,4lB4il l 42.ols"
tide titfig . fA`st"'y~'
reductions, tnis7lMl,o4ol,
• • .
•
=I
EOM
11 ,:','` ,
U. S. GRANT
=SI
L . pal id
. 5,700
.T1117;8041 8;401x1
orApoo
414,8 N) ii ~'ilNl
33300 w 77.1.0
,;11.J040
7 ;11 , 1'2 , UP:ill 'Zt.) o-...,art.
=
ll=
il;fl '
- :# 11 '.:1: kV: • ;
TITi,T7r ,T):TT't: 7
'•
MEE
EOM
lx:AyvAxer,
;S2IIIOIL •
•
MN
'The average; cit - 90: - eel ts Jn en , cm*,
''efital[to'l3'oiitS iMAtifflibi, of ; •
`l , ra 'l' :Wheat 'at"aliteagB leaves very
nerves mardiffrer aftor deflnct
iun- the 'cost of trausportatiVn'fi'oni e- the
interinrporfi. theYriees
‘ranaf.4.B4`ties,•,eifire:ney;ni Dubuque, to
80 CentS'i;), Gold 'al 180
.„.. •
MalteS'.Bo 'cents - n eiiireney worth .88
.conic in specie, eo. that:the #nritge: gold
price , of Wheat,..Ti* . fi is edient - o,'eetits.:
On soiling Priee„ it .•
; ; nieintiered, ; at the railroad stations, and
e4enses (3f'tinte'hiAr earfage ; •
in tra'nsPortifir ,- it''fronr the farni td -a • ,
market. '
.The majority of fanners_ live ;froinfive
:Many 'of` them twenty
. arailreati.depot, and must spend aCQU
pIe of days and eriipliiiaztiiiihorscrt.eam
in - conveying a load Of3olkrnshels'to itiar . _
leer.: In pet, df the fanner could obtain
the grain by merely shovelling it Of the .
ground, it. would .seareely him to
carry .conditionii .. .A. •
lowa applies equaly oMnnesota,. Mich-
other States._ ~' M i en comp
to compare the tiriio nd n: R on§ 9 ..of - •
tiyation, and .transinniatien ;with. the. ac.
tual price of, , gra:in:yeeeivel'hy - farmers, •
tlin di fticulties 4teniling Western collec
tions will be, accounted ,For,
AVe do not anticipai.ethat this extreme
depression of WeStern. interests, can tie
_nioA 'than: temporary„ And it will ; not
he unuttentledAy,faveralde:results., Thu
low price'of grain will go far towards re ,
covering ,tho export Jrade ; to England,
,„'•
. which luta ; lately:dmen falling; into the
hands:or: Russia. . : But to ; insure, this.re
cult em tariff must be revised ;mit& .=
permit the - odvantageons interchange - of
emmuudities. England,,wlll not, in fact
cannot, buy our grain unless we take a
fah , proportion Of Iter. manufactures , in
exchange. ; ;. •
fallacy; can he greater than the idea
that an expansion of the currency,eiur
ameliorate the condition of affairs-in the
e:* - ct7 - 71,34 in is , cow at Lehl7Prices.
What. the. W,estcrit - i, fanners want and
must obtain, is, the pri vilege.og buying
on the same terms, that ; they are com , -
relied to, sell. • They ; cannot pay inflated
.currency prices for clothes,. fanning, nte
ills and the-. nmuerous commodities of
every day dills They .; must produce
cheaply
; asntlipreoinpeting nations or be
_driven: utterly
„front the. market. The
fall ingrain then means a reform in our
cuneney, tax, and tariff lawk- the over
.
tltrow of monopolies and, a ; stringent
-economy chi liationa.i expenditures. It
brings '644 to. first -principles in fi
nancea.nd government; secures a speedy '
retnyn n twspeeie payinents,.and tkeatens
the .immediato and utter extinction eff—
any politic:4 partylli . atun4 standlat the
Of those pressing reterius.—- Y.
8C071.0»74 . 4. . . . i:"
- We copy, the foregoing, on accpujit of
the information contained. M .it,.and
übjeet-offgreatr-iniportanoe,-to 7 all-enr--*--- .
readern, - .lmt - bylo — montrs — oirdeyseTthi
Views contained iu.. ; it relative to 'the tat:-
UT. These afo merely the absurdities of
free tracler• .S4PPC I S O fc'T i istauco a ro- •
duetion made owour:tariff in aceord„ance
with the ef .! the writer, its effect
would be to, close most (4-.l46.groat—
..truinufactnrin. • !ezta).ilish.ments,;.,• , This
would drive. thprTnuds,ofmor!. into ag
ricultural pursuita,..thereby,,inereasing
the production'othilo , deereasing tho n do-
niand. : ÷ lloNtqld.s.wduWdleuefitfarmers,
we do n't believe f3yer . l a - I*44er : oould
. Tim best intOroaqtiCoii.rjaiintrr&z . L.,
communiticci.dernorul that manufacturers
of . all finds-be: micourageil and ,pro-
A rebel CiptaiU arid' Adjittaut Quar
termaster was Qlio Ilay - talkifig to a mixed
crowd.of bilkers and privates. TO-illus
trate the depieciation of currency he
took out his TrodSluini watch, said :
'.That cost me twentYtive hinldred:dol- •
lars l'? A soldier "Master, you tuff; •
didn't pay twenty live hundred dollars •
for that, eh. Watch, did •. you?". ,"I did
,that,". was the reply. contloued:
Would.you tins let us -qao it 2" It was „,„
lituidectover., After a close examifiatkolt
Ate solilieriaile.asketl:_tLilltster4ott is_
jokite, is n't you?" "Not: n bit qjt,"
said tho 'Qudrtermaster.• Witb.autOx
pfavion Of resignation and .donpair Thu
soldier handed it back, saying.: 'f Well,
OUR must: .fool-,Or a Qum.-
tormastor!" •
Some time'since a gentleman died in
the town of Y, , who during life re r
fused to lielieve in another-worlds--Two -
or_three-weelcs.aftearlis dennae„his_ivife_
received, through aniedium, a communk
eatiom'whieb read as follows,: ; ‘ 4 .pear
wife', I now believe. Pleage cunt me my
atilt clot4q.!' „.
I=2lll
• 11. bashful yoUng Man escorted an
equally - bashful young lady. As' they—
approached the a the &annul," - cf,P
lam entitiatingly said. , 4 ` Tokio]; dOnzttell
anybodyyou beau'd mo home." " Sary,?! •
'said he, 'emphatically,:"do n't you Mind,
I'm as much ashamed-as youpre,''•
A lawyer once asked a Dutchman con
cerning,a pig, in court 4 •
"jylinti oar.anurlcq lead he?"
"yell,. veil I firo bee;ame -acquaipletl
mit"dci'Tie-Cli;,lie]{no :eiir:"liiarlq,'"e3E- .
cePt a very ahorttail.". ,
_~_ :.~,. ~T,____ . ,
Two riyal bellcs . met. at a.hall. "Row
'well you- look under 'candle light !"
claininod ono, with a stress on the 'candle.-
how charmingly you look' in'tlio
dark.l" answered the other.
:"Sir,'!, said a -young
hand, a few days after Marriago; "you .
Were, honest enough to toll me that your
chimney sMoked,'but.why.didetyon-tell ,
mO. .you smoked_ y.oursolf • , , •
, •
t • .
.:,kphotOgrepiner,in 111!ISSO.C11.11RettS.W„41.Er
recently yieltedbyialpung, Nyoman, .who
writ sweet sitnrlieltyaslocl t ,"hew Ling.
Apes `it; take,, to get a Ototomiliph after
.you ' heave yonr inedspro?"•• '.
~Nye.ll. is it ilangerou-tcigo to,cLnr r
-When the organist is drowning the •
and a'great:
away the .`3
l rti
ten .?.9( res t fq..ee!
WitlfYOncio i)voYo.lA.:Oti,tilel.:l4lAlO"
Snbltjlo
~Woda '
nutiyit..lo,4:tli 3 O 18,
"
MI
EMI
• s.ir`.-t ci
ME
liall