,
,
ME
makinata--wroc, 4414
„.
~• .
.-
R
..
- - e -
i,
, ster .f 4
N • o ti . c e
, •
A fegister , d Office,
'L,nrlisle, July 31, Mi.'NOTTCS'is
- ? S..
hereby given to all . Legatees, Creditors
.and other persons concerned, that the following ac
counts have,heen filed in this Office, for examination,
. by'the Accountants therein named, and will be Pre
sented to the Orphans' Court of' Cumberland county,
for 'confirmation,and allowance, on Tuesday the 31st
day of August,A. D...1841.--tviz: •
The account of Henry Rupley,AdminiStrator of
HaVid Creeps, deceased. .
• TlMacCoUnt of John F. 'Hummer, Administrator
of Jadob Crotzer, deceaged. : • ..- •..
.• The accoun i t-of-E4 hraim Common, Administrator`
of Eliza . Spis6r, timer ed. -- . • • , 1
•-, 'The' accoMme of J eel) . Kosir, Administrator of '
\
Benjamin Swartz, deco. ded.
• The supplemental and filial account of Curtis
Thompson, Administrator of Jane McFall, deceased.
' The account of John 'COover, Executor of .Mary 1
Rupp, deceased:
...,The,SUpplettrentaLand , ,finaLAccounLof-William
Hinney and John Coover,F.xecutora of AndreW'Vet 7
row, deceased. - ' - •
7 The account ofJacob-Eogle, Administrator of Dr:
Thomas,Greer, deceased. .
. Thcaccount of Samuel Bricker; Administrator of
Peter First, deceased.. • -
• The .account of ,James H. Eaiin, Ekecutor of
Mhrti a' zerman, deceased..
' The ".count of George ratte"rson and Francis S.
Hubley ; . Executors ofJoseph Third, deceased.
The vcoount of Abraham Bretz, one of the Execu
tors cif .10‘.,0b Miller, deceased.
. ° , The account of Philip Koentz,Administrator 'of
• John Moody' Moor, deceased. . •
. The''aCCOnnt ofNlary Cdebran rind Robert Coch
ran, Executors of Patrick Cochran' decenSed, ” .
'The account of
.David Moser, Executor Ot. Henry
Moser, deceased. . ''
:', l •, nr li e ; :t cc o 'ln t of-William Bloser and David Blmer,
Exe'cutora of Peter ltiri , :.c,:ideceased..__.: . •"„ _ 1
..': The account of INterßarnhart, ArheiMstrattoof
...L.Wilheyoinith'rOtgor;;OrWeaSed; - -•.-71'' - ;' , C ':;;,"•-•-•
: : • :,-.... l.l i't l ' ; if.t3ii'd ,-. Witlili 6 illY . O.likW i riP* o
'-bil - i:it7Tril;el't eakley. - :- . ' - ''. '. : -- ,' : ' '..‘: ..
. . ,
l'lmP aeraiant of John Gillen, Guardian Of •
Owen.
''' MCG amen. - —' ' . '- ' '`''''”- '
' The account Of 'George .Christlieb;.Guardian of
-• Margaretliemvno%vMargaret Killion , - - ---.--
The necount' of jacob • Shrom, Guardian of Wm
• .McKim' - .0
The account of Christopher.Switer, Administrator
ofJoim Swiler, dectmsed. • • •
R egi St
••
-., Orphans' Court Sale. ,
county, the 'following real estate late the property of
Michael Saxton; late M . Silver Spring township, in
said county, will be sold by public' outcry, on the
premises, on SatMday the _2Btb of August next; at
11 o'clock A. M., the-fidlowing property,. viz:
All that certain_ Ambition sitnate_m_SikerSpang_l
--, township, bouneled by lands of, .George l't!yers,
• Gco. H; ljahcr and others, cord:l4l
- about one hundred - and six acres, of gravel -and
Limestone Patented Land, having thereon erected
. .
11, A Double Two Story
- ' LOG ,
HOUSE
-6 2.,...,.,!. .
=.. ~ ....-, 72... 4 DOUBLE FR4IIE B4.i?Jl';
and sundry outbildings. The •land is in hood milli
ration and under fence,,abowei7lity . acrea of which
are cleared, and the - redub si
lino thrtvingli intik land.
mng strea . likikalidt4i,rilliaiakAppip.
,• Orchard and other limit trees.
At the smile time and place Will be sold a lot •of
ground situate in the same' township, bounded by
lands olGeorge, AlYers, John Eshel Man, Jaenb Eck
art and others, containing five acres move or less,
having thereon erected a •
Two Story. Log House and a good
, • Log Stable,
. There is an excellent well of water at the door, and
--, the premises arc in excellent cultivation and under
1 . good fence. . ,
---- TERMS OF 5ALE...4309M be paid on the large
tract and . sBo on the small tract on the confirmation
of the sale. One half of the residue of the purchase
money of the large tract on the first of April next,
. when possession will be given,and the balance in two
equal annual instalments without interest, The
residue of the.pm•chase money of the small tract on
the first of April next, when possession will-be giv
en of it. Payments to be secured by judgment
bonds. ' .
• Any information can be received by making rip.
- - plicatioitto the-subscriber residing in said townshil
JOHN SAXTON, Adm'r ,
. ' July 28,1841.
Orphans Cotirt Sale.
The following real estate, the property of Jacob
Rife, lute of East L'ennsborough township, Climber
land county, deed., MI ill he sold on the premises, by
virtue of au.order' of - sale of the Orphans'. Court bf
said County, an Saturday the 2fith day of August next,
at 10 o'clock, A. At., to wit:
All that certain Plantation 'or
. -TRACT OF LAND, • •
situate in said township of East.Pennsborough, nit'
bounded by lands of Thomas Wharton, John Booser,
Andrew Beck, Jacob Shroll, John Martin and oth
era and coition"' lift'
• • 2 acres ,.
More Or lessone half of, whielt is cleared land, in
good cultivation and well fenced, and the other half
excellent timber land. The improvements are a
I
Two Story Stour •
u ,
0' . I[J S E A; a it
LOG STABLE
and other never failing spring of running
water is near the house. This property. is pear the
State road from Sterrett'S.Gap to I larrisburg, and is'
litUate about -six miles foom,Alie latter place. The
title to the land ;a good, dmsame having be'en paten
ted. Conditions of sate---one fourth of the purchase
money.to be paid on the confirmation of sale, and the
residue on the Ist of April nexi, when possession will
be given to the payments to be secur
ed by recognizance in the Orph an JOHN's Court.
' HOLTZ •
,
Adrik.,9lJacob Rift), dcc'd.
•
July 2,1,1841
•
WILLIAM. 157113'
:
Qtfice and .dwelling in High street, next difor to
Rev. J: V. E.Tliorn.,
Carlido; August 24 1.841.—tr.
CAIIINIET MAKING.' .'
'I
WPM. C..GIBSON: '
. Still 'continues the Cabinet Making in all its va
rious branehes, at hireld stand in North HanoVer i
street, two doomiaboxthe store of W. Leonard ;
where be is now itianilfacturing, and intends keeping
on hand, a great variety of ,- , • ~. • •
--7- --CABINET - FURNITURE
1
sue, as Sideboards, Bureaus, See yet ari e s,,Card, Pier,
Dining End :Breakfast Tables; Bedsteads, RM., of the
• , most fashionable kind, all,of, which lie will Aisposti
pf - OM the mostrensonaide ,terms.. • Ile , is also prepar
.Ao4o'fill all'orders for 9 IMMO" SEATED SOFAS
,'';iiiiiii,POCY. awns, warranted to be .of superior
. •
, •'.: . !) - 14ifllt" ; ,. , !" : • •
" ft"2.feApw,ill ale() furnish COFFINS at the elicit:test n0...':
...': `JBeePitid , hiving recently proeured a NEW HEARSE,
~'lntispreparcd to .attend ,tnerals in the country.,
':',•'•'..:Ottrliele", August 4;1 , 0 ~.1y .'' ' • '
its; .I[IIANITIEI
- 5
, l i - il 4 0 .II; '.
;:. .:::: ' ' :
li f'
, 1 0=0,4 :
~. , . . ,
‘,3l*Qirliele Penlea
'NATHAN
,
-Noith,llanove
. .
. . . . . . .
. .
. - •
. . ,
. • ' , . , , , . .
. .
, .
. . .
. .. . . . , , . •
_ .
. . . . . -
. ' ' . .. ' •- - . ' ' .. .. ..
, .
__ . _ ~ . . •0.• '
. ,
' . . .
. . . • .
, . .... ,
• .
... - .
. . , • . . . • . , . , , ' . .. ,
. . • • . .
, ..... , , ~ , . , ..• .., ..
~, , , , .
.. , , .....--_, • . .
• . .
... . . .
' .
. . ' • . -.---......- ..-.....___
.
t ....,-.....,...,.... ~..„...:.
~ . . • .
. . . . .
ih.....e .1.
..
LW" „.,.. it .
.. ." .
.„.
:,.
~. All . ,
' ,
..7'.' .
..
•-.0.1, ~.,
i
.0 es,
, .
. .
. . .
.. . . .
. . . . .
.• . .
. . •
. .
..0 ..0.1.. . . ~...- ._. , .... - . ,-, '., . .
.. . • , . ,
. • . . •
' .
.. . . , .
. . . .
. .• , . . ...
.. .
„ . .
• • • • • . ,
A FAMILY::-NEWSPAPERr - - - -DEVOTEI4O- ‘ TO ARTS AII I 7'iSOIF.iiCES I .44O..4ICULTAIR,.A.IIUS.OiENT,.
•
. „:, .„ • . •,
FO lAIT IC A. 14
From the Mobile .lourall of Commerce.
ReciproCitir of Trhde,
No. I. • . •
The time is at hand when it will become
necessary to remodel, our system of duties,
so• as to increase our reVenues'io an amount'
adequate to the Wails and w necessities of
igoveraraent;'or to • ado . pt some other sys
tem of taxation for- its support, if deemed
by the majority more consistent with. good
'policy, of congenial to the purity , and per
manence of our political institutions. That
ia great difference of opinion, should 'exist
on .the .subjed, -in a country like ours;
.r-witereilie-m - as-s--areAnteliient - and-ca . pahl •
1 •
id thinking for themselves, and discussing
1 the:most - grave and -intricate - qUestions . of
national policy, is not surprising or to ..be
Iregretted.. '
i It is' 'hoped, when the congress of the
iriation shall be called upon'to act upon this,
important qneStion, 'they will'
de' so in a
spirit of kindness
. and forbearance,
land that harmony and• good feeling, divest
ed,of local' or sectional
. prejudices, may.
- charactrize, their 'proceedings ;. that they
may legielgite as Americans. should . donpon
question of Smoican
our. present system of duties will doubt- .
less•oceupf . mtielt of tlietime, and -attention
Poi grass 11(-; AI . ; tr • 45.:$ o 940 lie .
jaily..introilliced ink) the delijues 0,141)0-last.
'session,' induce" :belitifA,' that be
approached ..With gredt caution, boa no. tic
tion-takett• Without-matore,:deliberatieq."—._
The discussion of the saipct-ivill embrace
:Such 'others - as will have ,'any 'connexion
with, or even. distant bearing . upon, the
ifinestioreof riv_enueainance;:nurrency4Tree •
trade, protection, reciprocity .and -retalia
' tiorksommeree; . - &c. Although, ho_mintd.
there-is but one. object. to accomplish
'(that of bringing theleceipts of the govern
ment to an amount equivalent to its expenr
.tlitures;) yet there may lie-said to exist four
-sets-olopinions-as-to-the : best-m - otle-ofdo- ,-
ng•sa. • - .
• It is my purpose, briefly to notice what
appear to one. the most - flagrant errors of
opinion on the subject of duties, which.
seems to preVail to some extent ; though
notrith the expectioioo , of doing jus
tieg.lo a subjeet,or,su - ch magnitude andim
portatice ; jyt requires an: abler pen than
mine. no views, which offer are Those. 1
— ll•ltife•
prevail in Congress as to the most expe-•
dient modes of enacting a revenue sufficient .
to meet ,the expenses of government.--
They may be classed as follows
• ,lst. The advocates of unrestricted free
trade and direct taxation.
end, The friends of free trade, except so
f.ir as a duty is necessary for the support
of the government, giving a preference to
articles of luxdry., • . . • •
.3d. The' biligiorterrof—a-proveetivewd=
tern.
4th.• The advocates of reciprocative and
retaliative duties.
Though_ the- advocates of " unrestricted
free*trade" are, few in number,Aheii .
pos
don and standing in the councils of the
cduntry entitle. their views, however ab-
Surd; to a passing notice. .They , Would
see our ports thrown open to every species
of-production and manufacture from other_
nations; while our products are either- ex-L'
chided limn - their ports, or made to Tay .a
heavy tribute for the support of their Gov
ernments. , They would make us. the ab
ject dependants upon' foreigners for many
articles of consumption, and•giVe Them the
pstwer to compel the poor man to pay niore
)n msaartion to his means, for the support
ef . his government, than the rich matt with'
his hoarded millions, Who indulges in - The
luxuries of -every clime... There -need .be
no -apprehension, however, that such. no
tions of national policy will ever - obtain
currency in any civilized country, until all
commercial nations shall agree to yecipro.
cate. . " •
The second, and probably the most nt
merous, class. in Congress, are those who
'believe in the policy of free trade, except
so far as a duty is (necessary for the - pur
poses o revenue, and would select for their
object, articles of luxury, the product of
countries that tax our products heavily ;
and such, also, as ive have the•',ability, to
produce ourselves; such as Silks, ines,-
Linens, ,&c., without -wishing to interfere
,with the principle. upon which the "com
promise" was founded, or - disturb its 'pro
visions any further than is necessary for
revenue purposes. •
.-- They are opposed to free _trade in it
extreme literal sense, but are ,tm far its adsextreme
vocates, as to,oppose any rate of duties be
yOnd the wants of governnient,:or equiva;
'lent to those paid iypon our exports to for
eign nations, at their parts. There-ere
many, 'among the advocates of this emuse .
of policy; who believe in the expediency
of the protective. System, - LIM feel :them ,
selVeS - pledged 'to' consider that' questiVti.
Settled by-the tompremise ' ,
AtiMng - the many who Ofew:Years - sineo
were'strenuous in their support •of - the
" proteetiveiritem,"- but few remain who
so pertinaciously adhere to their 'Opinions
as to openly-avow, and•advocate them, and
-refuse
. to- .consider tiro-settlement:of the'?
question beyond- .-the.'two :tintagenistieal
partics at that time as--binding..;, -Whether
the So 'called :"Anieriesti:Systent”; was , one
OrsoUrid Calculatetl,-toproinote
the' best interests . of OttitonittrY . ,;.-ictuaints
for future generatiOns to judge; the'pretient
'6,11e has beettioo Much pgiteted; prejudices
Ern e_d_and .P-abli I , d- NALI
for arid against, excited too deep and-yio
lentoo:.DeriniVan unbiasSA "decisicin,
the discussion of the principles involved in
.its policy, !las been almost entirely aban
doned by common Consent, under ; the in- -
fluence of a'pptriolic love .of country, and
attachment 'to , lbe Union, alike creditable to
its friends and, opponents,
'The extraordinary discrepency between
the duties levied •by many foreign nations
upon our products, and the rates of duties
required in.. our ports, upon producis anal
Manufactured. articles'. from these nations . ,
has led some of our , mostenlightened states
men to advocate a system of " reciproew.
live 'and retaliative duties." •
Jim 'term "retaliative
" may grate some
what harshl
u.th% cars
whose"
'sensitive o7
wealth and political economy are founded
Upon fine spun ilie'ories ; which ; though
they strike the mind as conclusive, will not
stand the test.of practical experience. But
let us enquire if the exigencieso fthe
case
do not call•for the adoption ofh
suc a course
Of policy in . our .commercial relations with
foreign powers, as shall e them to ex
tend
•
-
tend to us the saine•liberalitywe h
ave ever
manifested toward's there..
It is •an- axiomin political 6"
on my. that
the wealth of a•aation. I -
epem s upon its ex
cess of 'exports above its imparts;' in other
words, that it sells more . than :it buys. - If
: the reVerseis. the-mei-it einksiiitoprivertf
lerc oreyffeeir
••
:enlightenedidieigiieyn of everygovern
ment so .to legislate as toyincrease
and ~limiiiish the :other. - `:Otis means, by'
whieli• lias ibeen - aecomplisiied to a
great:- &tent,: particularly .by....Englandianti_
France, bas been by effecting such treaties
tvitli otlrr priwers as tn..sectire the aim's:
sion• into their several kingdoms, Of their
proiltiets-7and`-manda goo
ctured -
( siotr - the
most: favorable terms 4, o and, at the same
time;--levy-ing.---enormons-dutie a-upon-the•
-
products of other countries, .particultirl
upon 'materiallyarticlee.ofio.xiiry,' - which
lessemconstuription. • • •
Both England and France; which Make
great_ pretension - to "reciprocity- of trails,"
receive annually at their Custom-houses,
more than double the arhount of duties
upon their imports from abroad, than is
paid on a much larger
,amonnt ofexports
at the ,custom-houses of the several nations
to which they send their productioni. • •
Let us- contrast the positionof
Great
Britain with her restrietivepnd prohibitory
r
policy, with the United - States and IL free
30,006;1:103 - TdeOrechrinirrYwo - tr o,,,
which possess no variety of clitinate, and a
soil not capable• of producing even its own
bread stuffS, exports annually to the amount
of Five Hundred Millions of dollars, ex
ceeding its , imports over $200;000,000,
which excess goes to increase . her national
wealth: She is • the wealthiest and most
powerfuFnation upon the globe. Almost
every nation is her debtor, and she has be
-eorrie 111;0Ventre or thelinancialind monied
world. • • • -
The United States, with a population of
14,000,000, occupying an almost boundless
extent Of territory, which embraCes nearly
every grade ofclimate between-the two
extremes, a fertile and productive soil,•ca
-noble of producing every.necessary of life,
and-nearly all of itsluxuries, exports an
nually one.humited million of dollarif, - a - - :
gaiest pn. import exceeding• that amount,
taking . the' average for 10 years -past, of
nearly 25 per cent. per aniinin: - - She Mires
a foreign debt of nearly . $250,000,000,
her citizens individually and, collectively
embarrassed, her currency unsound, miff;
dence and - abroad . impaired, and
nothing but her vast . natural resources of
soil and climate, and the physical and in-,
tellectual energies of her people, could save
her from bankruptcy and universal poverty.
The difference in the condition and pros
perity of the two most enlightened notions
in the world,. inevitably leads me' to--thez.
,conclusion that there is something wrong
in our commercial policy ; that. the evil
grows,out of onr,excessive imports and li
mited exports, and that legislation may and
should be so applied as to remedy it by
diminishing the one and. increasing the
Other.' This may be done.by The adoption
of a system•of duties which.' shall permit
the free introduction of foreign ; products
into our ports, upon precisely the sain'e
terms that 'our products are received into
theire. If Eand will admit our cotton.,
tobacco and tour' ot° her ports free of
duty; let us admit her silks and manufac
tured .goods on the same, condition; if she
Place's a duty 0150 per 00.; lot L yo do the
same. In this way, we can 'bring .other
nations to reciprocate anlact upon our.frec
trade prhiciples; but. Without the adoption
Of sonic such .coUrseiVe•maY continue to I
toil on for the benefit of -other nations;• en
'riching them, and, finding. ourselves - more
deeply in.debt.eiery year. ••• . •
'Were it possible by traty.or otherwise;
for us at once to secure the
,: adinisaioil•of
Our prodnete into all foreign countries upon
as favorable a, footing ad We,reeriVe theirs,
venture to assert' that in• less than 10
years, our exports,Nould be 'double • what
they
. now are; while our iinporte•Would not
increase. 50 ''per ,In support' of:_this
: opinion,'l ;wilt name -two articles of OM-.
Auction WOO . we It i
#o'ol - ability Id,' pro
duce to an ektenV•a,,n
Oat eufficient to, sup
ply _the entire dematid of Europe, if their
rettrictivti,thitleitt :Upon wero ieduced
to'4llo4faxintiunn'ot ours, painely,.Tnbacco
and Flonr. •; Upoiv tobaceo; which eosts.at
New Orleans but to. 10 seento pper pound,
the' dutY..in England -.is 3 sliillings; ster
ling., or abootls cents, (equivalent tol.looo
oprie or
wmttxmakomav%imulivazaaa,4'<eliiis o aaaa4
. .
. ) andabout tit
. amine
per cent. on its cost;-
Throughout the continent of Europe, which
tO.a great extent interdicts its,tintroduction
and.use,.asit ill too txpensiv.efe luxury fOr
the poorer 'Classes to indulpe,,in-;.but re
move the restriction so.aa tee:plice.it;with
in the reach oftlielaboring'Oasses, which
embrace 9-10ths of the whqe population,
an the consumption would.increase -100
per c . e annum for the next to years,
cause a demand that would'fthxtentl iti.cul
tivation inthja.eountry, enhnce prices by
which -the 'Planter: woUld . 'Mize a good
profit, and, in a few years h, owe as large
and important an item in oqrlist'of exports
as cotton. ii
Were the heavy.duties oiAtturzemoved: .
1 we could . exort .494).yjninglansUlift:
V - est n ies• and elsewhere'; . s2o.ooo,ooo
I ar niore. .. •,
When England ,charges,..a duty of 72
cents per 100 Ibs.•on cotton;.s2 to s4,i per
bbl. on our floni, and 3s. on.to.bacco,•we'
are taking , from 7 lier, , ,sillts, linens - , worsted
staffs . , &c. free'of duty, amounting to more
than $20,000,000 a year.
Iu our trade with. France, Of our imports,
which are more. than double'oni exports,
f
jp r rool e it:ri e ct , t.:(:)e a fe n e
t ; xllp l i nominal
more than two-thirds are ..itlinitted duty
n
:::: .e t: ip et : t P s e b a : t 2 e i c 7;c: a na p irt e n l el :r e . ni t : eP • r a i a o :it se i , ' l na n i t ir ay tt l i e v i e
ritio hile n e ' l
lo o t I t :i it e ao an
ra
•
AtsdiefihrfETO - of de;
tieelo those ,nbove •pciinted,ont,..character,.,
ize pur whole•eornmercialintereOursewith' .
foreign „nations,. ; • . • • -
• _friends:of a "reel p. 4
rocative and: retaliative" syStem of duties;
will ho met by_ its opponents ,with the ar
ument trlPt. duties tai_uPon... the,
coat - ruiner to the amount l levied. This,'
with n certain class of
. statesmen. who can
c te st r
t
theorise---etommatly - upcin — tire. science` ot
come
e cis o
e°;i f lis t e r u ad ss e finance fe e v
and e k
currency, a b a
-
without--knowing,''practicallY the origin,.
charticter,,or use of a bill of exchange,
'deemed' a conclasive and . unanswerable ar
gument
. against the expediency of increas
ing the present rates of, duty upon artieles
of luxury. To adopt it as settled'prinei- '
pie that the consumer pays the duty, is '63 --
erroneous as' it would be to assume that it
was paid by the prancer. No general
rule can be made to apply; as the fact is
contingent upon cirehmstances. If the duty
he a mere nominal
t on n e, it is . rAid •by the
proportionate'''''' Lm.- 1 -1 1 11 Fteg hi Pba r t fl P% sup--
) •
producer must sell at a less price that the
falling oil in consumption may be checked -
and market kept up for his , prodtict. For
example, we cat sell no flour in Cuba un
less We produce: it at'.a price and of a qua
lity that will enable it to pay a dray there
of 10 10 and compete witk-Spanish flour,
which pays but $2l-. kfe,w.years since
coffee was subject to a duty of 21 cents
per lb; the duty was removed, bniihepriee
did not decline, and has ruled at a higher
price since than before, the producer put
ting the. 24. cents in ; ;his pocket, and the
consumer -receiving rarbenefit from it.:
Let any. one examine the list of our im
ports, and he will find that such articles as
are the most heavily taxed, halie steadily
-declined-inprice, particularly those that we
have it in our power to -.produce or manu
facture; While such as - are admited duty
free have remained stationary,, or have 'ad
vanced. 'The article of silk, on .Which
there is .no duty, and of which , tve importml-:
last ;year over $20,000,000 _worth,. has
steadily advanced for' the last ten.years,.
An increased duty on pork imported into
Canada, which. was lev,ted a few years
since by. Great . Britain, Orripelled the far-.
mers on. the frontier, whosenest.accessa
ble markets were Montreal and Quebec, to
produce or sell it at a less price than before
10 compete with Canada and the mother
country. • ,
Many facts may he presented' which
prove conclusively that the producer,ln all
cases where the duty is an 'exorbitant One,
pays a largo "proportion, if not the whole
of ft. The consequence that under Our
system .of nominal duties and free trade,
the producer offlour is made to pay an en
ormous tax for 'the. support of the govern
ment of Cuba, the grower of tobacco is a
tax payer to France, England, 4c., - while
the duty here on cigars from theme, and
the wines of the other, being m nor,ai
nal and insufficient to check consumption - '
is paid by the consumer.
'The tobacco planter, if he is a
. cOnsumer.
of wine, is taxed for the support not only
for his own goverement,liut also for ,that,
Of France, terrtimeS as heavily as for , his
own. -Why thissliOuld be-the case, I can
.
re
see no good reason, and it is time a remedy
we
i lam• Ji
. .
.• - RECIPROCITY- OF 'TRADE.
`,••
This . subjeetliss• not been:, talteri, up and
ditictissed by the Priss'so generally as its
irrillorticnce seems:to, demand. • l'he.time i
I is sliortiere_ Arriftfess-lifeetsyrifti.dit-is-desi
table that public , opinion • should • be fully l
,expressed. .> A duty upon Silks -and - Wines
was objected to l a stsessionby'eertaimmetn•
hers. Of Congrees,.because, said•they; :", if
we refuse to take. these articles•froaa France,
She'.w.illpot buy our Cotton'arid Tobaccot"
iirotherwordscif-Lwe-do. not-buy-two 41-.1
:lara: worth of_ her lifin9(•'' France :will , Pot!
buy one : dollars worth. of• cotton from 'us.'
This is :a singular, kind of reasoning. ‘: ..Sup.,
pose a: planter were, to cometo Mobile,willt
.his •crap of,,eotton,. worth „SUMO, .4nil 'pp
Po'rter eduabirlandCounty, Pa.
.
offering'. it for sale, he: ehould..beitold that
no'.purehaser could. be -found, unless •he
mould agree to purchase $BOOO
. worjh of
merchandise, would he nek.laugh.,lo: the
fabe , of'his informant?' As before stated,
we take more than twice as muckfroM
France as she takes from us, and.pay her
three tithes as much duty On'otir.preducti,
as!hers paY,at'our ports, and jtis .perfectly
ridiculous, , :c4/disit, to.suppose.that a duty
of 20 per cent., or.,even.oo,. on her pro
ducts, would a iuduce , her_lb do without our
cotton, an article she mitst liave - and can-.
not prodbce herself, - If 'ett adtrtionalduty ,
on these artieles. should ,bave t e effect to
lessen consumption , so much he better;
we should. be so mucli the richer for it,..in
hatitiMuLithintetxlesv4.4tud4ertainly , lnme.
temperate. - ,
.a humiliating- acknowledgment of
vassalage to aforeign power, to manifest an
apprehension, that On increase of duty by
our government on its products_. would in
duce.,ber to do without miffs. • Fortunately
we are not dependant
.entirely on France
fora market,. siutuld she be 'disposed to
punish us for daring to, regulate our own
commercial affairs. _
In my last - I stated that could the exor
bitant doles levied by. he several:potters'
qi n t, f . 4.
‘Evigouliair.:oc.:pex'se-9a,to:l•4ppiotii:l::Ciliti:r,:tioi:bies,a
important
z b .r..
t4 e auni r ,ti e ea m ent ; i v : e i d ma , l,
bp n o t r : iu . i 7 e.. : : : 6 l
anti ni,..valnelfliere
at $9O per Itlnt.,leinotintin to $6,6q0,000;
: i ( :- 6 , f 9 91 0 11.1. 0 e -e i x i ; s r r .1 : p s1 S: r n a r s-c t °1 i t i td s. n ;t . i . e .T ie ll ;: a .n eli,'
the duty which•itp - ays iit.foryizii-Oorts a 7
'
Z . .) - I i i: 1 1 , 1:: - . s .
: . 1 ":11e• United
meld to
taitieTt :. ) 7 1 ( s t i v l
r e l ' e9 r- ,
1 1 bacco- as - 0 reut .B B Fi t tain, : with - less then - half
same eXtert al
tEhrraoliliCgehoninitil' E - u l r ' o ni p q e ---f o nlii-ogethe i t e r. -- Its uan
the.,pepulationAmil - more than England,
lin,the Voited States, with the improvement
"hriiriee - Whier_WrnilireV - fr iiiiily - fillow an
increased demand, -would soon swell the
value of . our export 'of , this 'article to 50, 7 -
pound.,
o f
u d n i s i i t , y ; I t:
e p o c n o - n c s o u n t 'i n i p u
consumption
England
1 1 o:i 7 , — 67 :
000,060, and in less than 10 yearsto-$lOO,-
duty on tobacco to
,England was Is"
1100,_Irt_proof of_the_itilleence of the rate
0 11 00 17 1 9 b:; t1 i l l e i
a3r t i l ,so i ee e adjr ( B l
t i .o :
, t t y sar:l t el v d.: a c s cahon r end e i d co u i
oli. c f.ni e laps d ritlliyn t o o lnpl 6 tloi d lon : o l froe n e,i d ,....l
per.'
increased, until in
iix e t i vol l G :d ac e 9 6sr lTt 3 e,ci i no t c 4 e e or ri ,e l o : o " .
p s o u u d i d i
d e s t i lY
000 pounds. - .In 1795 in at 1 1 9 1 8 7 - 9 4 6 w t a h s e .a d g t a it i ir n
re
duced ,to 4,800,000 pounds From 1800
lorenifin i iirron-wzr-s-vurax..„--_-_..........__ _
heads. In 1785, under a moderate rate of
duty, France took from us 35,000 hogs
heads.--' Under her existing system of mo
nopoly and high duty;-she takes-but 000.0.
hogsheads. While France . has been heap
ing onerous restrictions- upon . our com
merce, we, in our excessive libed4lity, Un
der the influence of free trade-notiOns, have.
been i remotring. - ;the non inal -duty that -for-_
hierly 'existed on her Silks, "Wines, Bran
dies, •&c., which .enables her to sell us 48
millions of dollars per annum of these lux
uries, for which she condescends to buy
$1i.2..000,000-per annum of Our cotton, &c.
if we will consent to poy 5 per cent. more
duty than other nations pay : • ;
' - The grolVer'of cotton- mity - say;he - has
no interest in forcing a market for the pro
ducts'of the farmer of the West, or tobacco
planter of Virginia, so long ashe- finds one
for his owii. ample. Such a conclusion
'would only result from a very superficial
attireante:lrked view of the subject.. ' .
In additioci 0. - the interest which every
dnierican citizen should feel in the general
prosperity and increased ;wealth of - his
country., which is proinoted by large ex
ports of its products,--the Cotton Planter
has a - direct individual interest not only in i
facilitating and end. uraging, a large produc- i
tion and exportatiot of Tobacco,, Rice, Su
gar, and Molasse . but
,also in firmly es 7
tablishing as aicrinciple of our government;
in its commercial regulations, • a system a i l
countervaling duties. The very moment 1
England .finds - she . can - obtain a- supply of
Cotton from her East India possessions, that
moment she Will place a duty upon ours
stifficient to exclude it, from her ports, or
compel the planter to produce it.at di price.
as much below its present value, as will
meet the duty levied, making- time producer
the payer of the tax; and if the experiment
she is now making in theoulture of, cotton
in India shottld succeed, of which, there is
every prospect, that ,day is not finis
!ant. .If, however, our government should
adopt a course•of
,policy. by which foreign'
nations may be' made to feel, that to retain
- us as:',,a market, they molt open their ports
-to-our prodUcts en' terms,of fair and hono
rableireeiprocity; they .wid. do soar us they
kitcdul , we Are their'best customer.' It, ia...0
fitir and legitimate' preposition - for a grocer
to say to" - . a dry goods' merchant, '.. r
boy
your sugar from me or I. cannot buy your
sillcs,'-' - and 'it is equally -Ear-between-pa
fiedrs, and ono to which they can take no
exceptionti.- :Another , benefit which , the.
-cotton--,--priadueer,_in._.:cordimpri_wi t h..eyery .
Oherinterest,, is to derive from increased
exports is, it leads to a more. equal and bet
ter division/of the„ physical force of , 'the
in. itsiipplioatiOn. ~ Open ,a Market
a co o r ti ni qu ry r.
labor of Tennessee, North 'Carolina, the
tobaccoi-and - o portion, of. the. slave
northern:T.9olo, o,9(o_esirgiaE.AilkaetlN MO^ ,
,siseippi.attil..Arkansae,::,now employed' in
the culture of cotton, ,would bo applied, to
iie productionaledi.prefitable employment
given•to the„slrivee,of•..Virginia,,lgarylentl.
and'itentuOky enlioncingthe value of slave
wim
2=iii
• ,:y• „
labor throughouttlie - south...Operst mar
ket:for Our sugar and inol 'asses, or loc • .
rease
its consumption-at home by excluding for
eign sugars, - , • andAhat pertion of otl r cotton
lands .soutti-or ?22 - 41egreea of latitude may.
be usedlit their oillture' Place a-sluty on
Foreign Silks and Wines, half emial.to the
duty paid on our products at.`theports of
France and England, and in lesiii than 20
years there is scarcely ri - - plantation in the
cotton 'growing states, of - any., magnitude,'
that will.nOt
.have a Silk nursery or Vine..-
yard attached to if, as. One of its • chief . .
RECIPROCITY
OP TRADE,'
sources of
. profit.„: Every Planter knoivii .
No. lII.' • - '' ' •
that the lees eotton , he makes the more "no- - • •
hey, he gets for it—reduce .the supply and In mylormer number:3'J have endeavor:- '
!r.iceoadvancitat ig onee ti , as a rivr ge t - neral p rule._L'ed to point, out tiid heavy barthenn nniLrei•-. •'
It s
te...tie :4 Ihisri
Moe to Vie 13THFIOn8liaiiiiied on - olr - eoTriinerce, in the ' ,
.cotton plantei that profitable channels. of, shape-ti pf..du4o l, :!vieki by i'
(in many instanCes.
eniployment, - , - other - than the.. One single'
ani p .i on tier productions, oti.er'_natirinii;-
~ „
oun teg. to - a prohibition)`
our-prosperity
the e at , 8 1,.;,
staple presents, should lie opened to him,
. of ali o d u n r a p i r io es t
..
that when prices , go to , a point- below theconsequences to ourpros
cost of production,:he - may turn his atten-lal wealth, from a continuance
tion to something else; and • that he be not t 'ent;sysietn of nominal duties, so long as no • '
necessitated to-rely upon a • single 'prod . nc.,.l reciprocity is. observed by. such nations as n),
inln t l i i ) ti p es with. ' . • '
.•••
tion as his otily sinurce of income. ° ° •
a r d o o v p e ti t o h n at o , r ye a l , l s a y v s e:: .
... .
There -is „no one class -in the' country ~ " I
• I exchangeire
whoie interests Would_he more directly Iho 'resource left bet the;
'promoted ,bythe -- :adoption, of a reciprocal em I t '
1 of countervailing duties, equivalent
' and retaliative system or.duties 'than the • -;,,, thosel, d- upon ,our productions- by
, . ••
~p tee -
, ments ; that .so • Inn,e. as • .
otton- planter of the'South. n . ' I other Go'vern
'fn show that the measures herOsuggest- refuse to retnt , liaie"; 'the , b-aia ..ll o - of t r - a 4 e -i v lv irt '
6 4 as.e!ncare' ,of relieving -oo.i..,:sainniereql.aant- lire - - .
from the eirotrririffs'biffitiefiF-iliVOied:-Viinic 'p.i.-d-11-an.,
(.1 1 4 . IV'. Pe, pml: on's , alreatlyheay4 ;,- L *
it by foreign powers; - are not toiwZor-novel; ' , , e, i! r i 1 ,' . 11„; n1 _ e . i.. 1 ,,. ; i 1 . 1 . 41-- i. ;7 3 ` i ,.. -cl a r E 6c :Fi c .c- i "l 'e litil li ai '. e ii ,.o",*" : • ;: : ' -. ;•77.
Pgiee the views of; Seyeral of our most dio. :
.... lie question then _presents itself= - if:tvei . '
le c r an l Ot a . , ine!et 'the ballunce. againSt us by in-'
-tinguislied-state .•- --, - .
10 . -1703, Mr.. Jefferson, whreWas Sec-re=
tary of State under-. General Washineton; I' ; cre ased exports,
ut one means left; we must pay
e . x b ports, how is it to be liquidatedt • •
it - Mile-a repart,to• Congress_ on the subject:. In ' i g„.p.C__elltl4l. l .r_er• - • 's -. •
of the then -exisfing-restriction'On - otir eorit=l t l i El t iis bridge ire to • the 'consideration or -
'tierce by foreigo . nations. in which he saya:;*
:.pose
_ra Deli_ of;:rnysubject, on-Which - I-pro. , "
to treat iti this - 'corn-.
..° "-Such .being.-the the corn - - l i fi nu s i n more. particularly
inerce and navigation:of lite Uniteil States; - tiy_e tteation, d viz: the effect of a "reeiprocan , . '
zni),rep it t,itie4....,Sy-SiOni-occlirties-upinr-1------
the questimi .ig. in what Way thekniiiy best ' 1
. be removed;iiiodified,'-or counteracted ? - -t le currency. -
I - "As to commerce, two Methods Occur . : • It is pot- necessary' to
-my pres - ent• put ,
•
(first, by friendly arrangernent- Wide'
Abe se-. pose, to give detailed •
vent nations .with - whom these restrictions I character''de explanation of they
existi-Or,-secrind, by dia.:separate act-of-our .. to..sa -an . uses of currency; 'suffice it
that - every civilized rip
,LegislaturS for countervailing their effects.: somethingYtint-I-requires' . ''
'!'here can-be.no doubt of these - twe friend- ' of. ,as. a circulating representative . -
Iyarrangements as the Most eligible," &c. • ard p o r r operty . , which posSeses a fixed stand- . •
value, and in this country as in every' ' •
, And after arguing the benefits. of naviga- ' 'miter, Gold ancl_Silver constitute the cur- •
tion and commerce reciprocally' free with l•
, reney itself, or, is the basis of all
all 'lancets, he says : - a currency,
. j Whatevec
, passesfrom one to another as the
' ." But should any nation, contrary to our representative ii of property, whether it be
Wishes, suppose it may better find its ad-.
vaptage by continuing its system of pro- 'yallNl) Notes, Bills of Exchange, or Treats
otesi may be said to constitute curreno
hibitions duties and regulations; it behoves ' 1.-
cy, as they. are based Open goldandsilvery -
us jo.pyritect our citizens, their commerce
and asseine to-represent tt.: - - - -- .
are illeT•lirelll6 pradiree-acieratesroir-ye- ~,,,,,,,,, •
• i l .r.!" ...._ ___—___....._
, .• . . -.....
them." "- • , 1 its so - extended, a very great ratio is requir-
In - another part of the eamo.report, he ed; and it .is important to the stability of
' r sa_ys :—. •,.
_. • , • . I prices, that-die amount be-kept steady,--
' The Collo - wing principles - 'being found= increasing in„ proportion to our increase ot ---
ed in recierecity, appear perfectly just,•and . ' trail ' i s Otninere. ' •
to no cause of complaint to any nation.
I tg°, what the fact that the pre . -
_”-First, wlien a nation imposes high du- cio ~als are the basis of all currency
__
ties on ouy ,productions, or proldbits dieni :in tin -country, Mir policy should by such ,
altogether, it will be • proper for
: us to dol- - li„ceunferact a sudden drain, for ths - a - VP - = ,- ....
the same - by theirs," &c: - ' ', ,
•-• ' of balances at-cumulating against uir _ •
Prior to this, in 1785, Mr. Jefferson -,. ; ~as a panic Will surely follow a dim- - .,
rented a remonstrance to the French : t. '. ~ nof the. quantity actually required •
vernment - on this subject, in•Wltich he sailt= .•-; •, •
.-eusiheis purposes; and. great ttepres- •
that the Government of the United States sion -in the prices -of property, and general
would be compelled to resort to counter- . distress throughout the land result: Sup
-yailing--dutiesif- the-French--Government---pose.-the-foreign_debt_which we now etvie
did not modify the burden, It is proper 0fT240,000,000 were, to mature within the .
here to modify
this threat had the de- next three years, and paytitent7lderapuded, .
sired effect; the burden was in part remov- - What would be our situation? . If ; as an •
ed for-a time, but stlbsequently imposed , honest debtor, we should. pay:so far as we
again, in a' more onerous and objectionable have the wherewith, by the - time -- I=3r - of --
shape, and now exists. - i the debt -tens liquidated, every dollar of - aur - t
Our present able and distinguished, e- Gold and Silver (which, is -estimated at
presentative to the goverinnent of France, 80,000,000),would.be ° taken_ from. us, we i
General Cass,-,made persevering of to" shoidd bit , bankrupt, and wholly destituti .
induce that government. io retnove the re=. opt rurreney.. Fertimatelyfor us we have
striae by it Ilium our coitimerce, from five, to forty-rears to pay' this debt in;
but withoet sitecess,,r,Some 18, !unrolls the interest, however, which amounts to
since, lic i aildre,esed a communication to the.. about' $12,000,000 must be' paid annually ; • '
Secretary ef Slate on the subject, in Which . and a pay dayfor the. principal Will UN-
be seems to despair of success by negocia• I , nudely arrive, and it :behooves. our states-"
,tion, and recommends as a necessary Inca- men to keep it in view, and so legislate is
'sure, retalalive duties, as will - be seen b,y '
tion to pl to mee e t it. ace th countNory w
is this cours to ee o
bl pr ace ep om-
are- -
the annexed extract :I.
"; I have nothing now toadd, but that die . pushed? - Let its ex:it:line the causes which .
matter is beyond the_reach - of ordinary dip- , have led to the creation of this large debt,
lomatic discossion,•`and that its' solution 'and hY:removing Mein, and the pursuance . A most depend rie-the measures which the lof a reeerse policy hereafter, We may
Executive and which. Congress may sae' : prof and honorably pay it, and place
proper to adopt. : As - long as France, iii - ourselves beyond , the reach and indepen
carrying out the restrictive systenishe;has
.; dent of 'tile aristocratic, avaricious capital- •
a dopted, can export to the U,Stales, twice i late of Europe, and assume that vornmer
aS much as she imports front there, with-lei:II ascendency, which by our-present poli- :
out any fear of change of measures on .our • cy,ii:we accord end yield to other nations.
part, so long as the present state cif things,' Our excessive imports above exports for
will -continue, exhibiting into of the niest. I -years past, creating a yearly balance_ of •
striking examples - of inequality in the trade( trade against es,; which iustead of being
between two nations, yvhich is to be found paid by shipments of specie, have been
in the history of modern commerce." met by the .sales; of 'State and other stocks.
Mr. Tyler, no w . President Of the 'United and other, securities; thus instead of liqui-
States, in his reply to interragatoriee pro-, dating it we have merely extended it tO afu - fu=
pounded to bitirtly.wcommittee of El entice: titre day, substituting credit for specie; henee .
. .. . . • . ..
cariity,. Virgipia, on the - putiyeet of duties, we have - been•enabled to retain in the - mail, -
says , • , a fair supply of specie, particularly ;up to
The power to lay du ties
. is 'given by i the year 1837. liad:specie been - demaw
-
the
: nenstitntiOn iet express terms, ' The ed for dies balances, our supply would , .
right to select. •theartielere'of imPert on have been e hausted, and.thetpanic of.-1837 ,
I \
which ;to, levy the cluffEr,isunqiiestionatile. and its con equencci would have_ occurred,.
Every dutylimpOsed oppr,t4klvpie Canto as. at an :earlierldity, though the shock would
a bounty .pn die pritllnetiiiif'd.rth-6 tra-ke-.:m,F. -firitTilitY:olieen-7so•-7vhdenc-ald--•7diWitihtir;---
'.- ,--
.
ticle-at home, and; it has. beep tonsidered_o To placeOtirselves in a situation tapayour •
wiso pelicy . on the part Of all lithninietra- detits;;,to ;enable .us • to , :retain a supply Ur
dons so tottnpose the duties as to.advenee •specie atfetinatettr.'orir wants ler- curreney
the Production et.stich articles as were 01. -purpeses,to.,,ayoid rev,pleps..itt. trade, to
national importance. ',. 1 certainly rlo,.net prevent fluettatipos.in titc-ft wea l rif.prap-,
doubt the policy. er ,exriedienci.of such a „erty, to give prosperity rted..Wealth: to .our
Coiiiiii:7Tlisi-Artitiei;;llo/00.031i601 :be 7wholecountry;:iriTfaceto-realte'.Uiljl,OPY
laid with refereuca to . rev.enue,. e - Xcept.tv hen a "free sod Intlepentlentniideni,;We mtt#
they: .art: laa tO-•c•ounieract=the policy, of a resort; fefsuch measaitysas,Willitioreaite iilll - '
foreigrt.gOvOqmOii,.,itio' with ,u view, ,To exporte.and 'diminish - our portS • lo• snob '
the, reghlatiOn'ot triele.".. - : : ,
~.,, . on s.g.tpnt note bring. tlnilltalitilOst ,of *di
lIM
MEM
laDaNY7' Can't 114,185 29 43(i-ignisa '6th
TbaSe4Tto knoii Mr.'Tylei will not fr q r .
. a moment donbt, tliat at an early day' as
Kesident of the. United States, he will call
the attention of Congress to this bubject,
and recommend a conrse•of Tolley in nog
cordance with his opinions as above ex- :
ressed. •
In my next I propose to consider the ef
,
feet of a " reciprocative and retaliative"
System. of dillies upon ..the currency' and
financial affairs of our,country.
`_.`~-
~.
ESEM
MI