111
*
U
ENE
IV 0 1,t1:1FIE 17,.-;;Arol 14.
•
__• , --"' CARLISLE HERALD-Alen t:/cPCIRIT
• *ill . ll issued at: TWO DOLL Alts per annurri;
tit he nail hair yearly in advance. . . •••••
41)PERT/SEMElNTSnotexceedinfra9o a rc
•or'thrce: insertions, tfNi. DO,LI,Nit, and '6very
• Obsegnent insertion, twentrfive Cents, limp ,
ones in proportion: „
.---Letters„addressed to the puldilthers "on 'htisi;
oe'si„NtusT - tit-PO . 3'r PAW, TitliCirvii - fe' they
rill not be attended to.. • . r
. •-. • . .
AGENTS.
- • , .
. ,
• 4'..The'folloglng• persons have been aopolizted
Agents, I • ie-eqnSle Herald and Expositor
to-who
COs
torsubscription a lii.l itt.l Y Ort i4C
., .. .
fritES CO be made... - - -
D...Stir:6hr; Esq. Sfilrenianstown, Comb. Co.
SCOTT COYLE, Esq. Niwrille,, .., . ilo.
P. KOONTZ, Esq: Newburg, •• •-• • do.-
Tubs. W. IhinEg t Esq. Shippensburg, ilo.
Joux Woko•lrten, Esq• - do. - do, •
J. Nl' ATEER,• '*1.,..H0FT,1100 . 01V0, . - • do: " , .
R. Wit.soN,_Esq: Aleclriniesburg, . . - do.
IVILLT`A.M. itu.rsis,..t, Es( - Hopewell, . do. -. i
-
R. STURGEON, 145 q. urchtown, - do: - , - 7 --
Dr.' frisA. Wtit - Tc., Ne v Cumberland:.- do,
'riling: , B . I.:APE, Esq: lloOnitieldi:Perry .co unty
A'..lk:Acii,dik , 1,. disburg, ~, , ilo.
__.,
Z it c .
047t17 1..4:ti.0 .
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A , map &
. AcePITIM I' . ~ , ---. . , —. 7
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.. ir ms d b---.. 4 „ , --. 4 5 ' -.%-; i qv . •
- •
enrieled,
Froiii various gardens eulrt r i %%WI cat
2 For the Herald Ee Expositor , •
Thc_Paist-Tht raitifre.
• A.' EItAGMEN . T. '
'When we look backson hours long passed away,
And every circumstance. of joy; or woe,
That goes - to make this strange beguiling Short
Called life; as though it 'were of yesterday;
e itart=tvr letun'ourquieltness of decay.-
, S tin Pies unwearied 'Time:—on still we go, •
And wivithei?—unto endless%v.eal 'or woe,:
As-we have wrought our; p:irts •in this b :jet' play.
• Yet•rnitny have I seen, whose thin blanched locks
I3ti
-who hetving_rums!El the SWIM with all its shocks,
:Had-nothing learn'd from Whatthey saw or felt:
'Emig spirits! that can look with - heelless eSre,
On doom unchangeable, and fix'cl eternity.
s twx.. 4 c or
Cl/aI:2;EN .111 -
01. I•y •
- AMA,
On the'l9:ll imp ~ vi.o additional dq
- - ' lid as - deposit gries, iiz cerium ca
.se4.,. on• public 'ollieers delivered
t in the I lonse. ol lerpresentatives of
The. Uni/ed ,Vtedes Oct.' 1314 18 3 7. '
T7nhe hill,impnsing additional 'duties
. n p lidie olheers Isohig - tinder consider , ,
ation in the Committee of the whole on
the slate ortlie Union. .
Mr. •NAYLn
Tarr., of Pennsylvania, said,
i Cv.--aS---wit-lt-ltrea ti---1-nc-fan ce-t-ha t_he_
for the ti,St: 'tinle,in' this 'hall:—
rose
' •He j e lt-__liiiitriii,i_iigrd to rise ' es,
jun. )
. ...`(-s • airl Mr. N..,; 1 am ,iqzpalled to speali.,
• I cannot. remit Silent. I-V led for
11 . 1 introduction . of this • o our de
- 'liberations. some. days since-, •on pur
pose • to• afford the honorable gitntle :
m an — from — S ontli — earo 1 ill 2, 01r;-4,:j.cjj
ens,) an .opptirtOity . to express his:views
in relation to - it.. '" ... perceived his anx
- iety•to speak and Ertl
.a friendly clispo,
.. • sition to gratify him. If' I were surpri,
tied when I ft and him draw into the vor
tex of diSeu; ;ion, The. expitivn topics of
• abolition; I exas, slavery Sz.locof,,
topics that hate 10: hing to do. vir'W - this
subjeCt; what roost have been my• feel
_
ings when ilinard - hirii:denntince the
. :
-- hrstitutiona of the North as mercenary
and.slaVish, and exalt those - of - the - Sailor
rarancient - , - .otratielial;Tan - ii almost per
,.. feeti .. hohlly
.avow that the labourers of
. : the tiorth more the .'subjects of the North
• ern capitalists;..put the Northeiln work- .
-men/ on a -footing with the ;Southern .
‘., slaves, and threaten to preach insurree
.'tion.td- the - lahourers - of the NCirth': - Yes; -
- : preach insnereetion:to the Northern la
-borersi.
.i.- . 1
I am a Northern.labO Aye, sir,
it bas been my lot to -- 1. nited as
my .only
,patrinfony, at y age of
nine years ? ' nothing bui
,orphan
. .
8c
age titter.destittitioni .botiaelesa, home-
less, fatherless
. • ad pennykss,. 1 , .' was
.....nbliiiii•Triont : thatillax foiwaid, to earn.
•my daily bread - by my A"aily:Tahour.r---
And now:siri now sir, - when, I takeimy
. seat in this hall as the freeicipietehta
. •the.lota_ fre_et peOple, : _am-I, to - be sneer-
, .
.d at is, a Nortlibralabop r er,:.:and ,oe
graded Intiaa. co,mpariaort With_the - ppar,
- oppressed and, sUfferit*.negrci• - Aave?— , .
-7-. • IS such the genius and—spirita—cinr ~ iii
sti Int iori s? If. it bei then , :did•Curfath;
ers' fight,: iind - hleetb , •tin - d :struggle - _aria .
- - die - in,Vain!" * .. - ' • ' • • ' .-- --
But,
Bu sithe gentleman' has rniacOn
,,r 11 •
.... ceived the spirit and tendency of North
-• ern institutions: - -,• He ' is ignorant_ of
• Nor t hern_Cilaracter. . Ho. has forgotten
' , the history 'othis - country. Preach. in-,
--• surrection, : to met Who.-are- the-North
ern labourers? ''; The history of your
_ . country
,is their bistory: ''' n The renown
. 6fyotit . - ccuntry is . thei r renown. The'
• :brightness of,their:doings la-Kcahlazon
- ed on-its, every - page. Blot IFO'M your
. . . . .
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BE
t. Z'Jl~lllii`
MUM
PrSl o .ll o .lglf.- 7 11)1BINITIOP, 7io Ai7W 111fi,S,Iso-ipnriftes;
nals the-de-oda inet . doings,of Norihern
-Labourers, and the history .of yobr
country..preserits:hut.uni__vereal.b.lank.
Sir;':whO was he that- itieri. the
Thunderer, wrested from his grasp the
bolts of Jove, calmed the troubled ocean;
became the central sun of. the' philoso
sytem of . s age, shedding, his
bright,ncis and effulgence on the whole
civilized world—whom the great •and .
miglity'a the earth-delighted to honor;.
wlto participated in" the achievement of
!.yourindepenclence;prominently assisted
h moulding yoUr free institutions, and
the beneficial effects al.:Whose wisdom
ivili be felt to 'the last moment of
Who,_sir - ,2.1 ask,. Was
he?. A Niirthern - labourer,a Yankee
tallow chandler'''s son,"—a printero.run c •
Away boy ! •
-:--SA-nd who, Ilet 'me ask-the-honorable
.gentleman,
,wiio was he that in the clays
of our - revolution led -forth - . a Northern
• army,yes,An army bf Northern. laboor
ers, and ::aidcd the chivalry - -of & - mtb
Carolina in tli ir . defence against
ish aggression,-drove - the
_s_poilers.from
Their .friOSides,r.and redeein eerher fair
field's from foreign inv.aders;—wim was
Ire? ,No - rth - ern—la trchrrr -- ;
•Islatul blacksmith--the :galhcni Gen.
Grecue r who left his hammer and his
frit'ge and' went forth,conquerirg and to
ean'quer,. in the batileS for our inclepen.
-.deuce! And will you-preach insmec
tion to men like these? - •
glorious
-achievements --of-.Northern - -' - labourers!'
Where is Con oord; tki4 Lexington;;p9d
P r i•in'eplon, andTE6nton, a - nd Saratoga,
and thinker 11111; hut in,• the North?
And what,, 4r.; has shed an imperishable
reaown en, the : nov,er'qlying names- 6f ,
thosi; hallowed spots liiit'ilietlOod and
the:strliggleS,- the" high- daring- and :pa
trim ism; and, sublime courage of North=
wimle North-is an:
virtue, intelligehre and indomitabie,in, -
dependent.c. of Northern . labourers!--
Go, air, go preach- insurrection to men
like these!
The fortitude of the men of the .North
under___intense_ suffering for liberty's
sake, has been almost God-like!.., His- , -
tori has so-recorded it. • Wbo-cornpris-
Kartiriffitairfood ,
without . pay, . -shOterless, shoeless,'
pennyless,.and almost • naked, in' that
dreadful winter,—the midnight of our
revorution, whose wanderibgs could be
.traced by their blood tracks in'the snow!
—whom 'no arts could seduce, no -
peal leil no suffering. disaffect,.
hitt who, true to t noir country and its
holy eau SC, continued-to fight the good
fight of liberty, until it finally triuntlift
ed. .Who, sir, were these men?, L Why,
Sf9rthern labourers; yds sir, Northern
!hirers!
Who, sir, were:Roger :and
=hilt it is' idle to enumerate. To, name
the Northern kbourers who have dis ,
tiriguished. themselves • and illustrated
the history of their counts, would re,
_rtire days of_the_time_of_tliis.bais.e,'
Nor is it
,neccessary. Posterity'W ill do
theM justice. Their deeds, have been
recorded in_ CharaeterS Of tire! _ •
And such are the ‘vorking - men of the
North at this' time. They have not
degenerated ;. they • ire iu ali- respects
worthy' of 'their intelligent and sturdy
sires. :' WhoSe..biood. was so , profusely
shed-during the last,war on the Canada
liges,-,but that of Northern labour: -
ers? Who 11.elleiVed - the •gloriqui vietcr
-ries-of-Verry--and -IW-Donough T on-itho
- 'La'kes-z- the Northern labourers
Yes, 'they' 'met the enemy atol„. made
them-4/1617'v? 'Who, sir, have made
our -ships the models for alt•Etihre, - and
sent forth in .the late war those gallant
vesSels that gaveour• little 'navy the
first-place in-the-tOrine annals cif tile
world, and coveretr our arms on the
•oceati --- itt a Uls+ee=of l k+t ;
.—but hhc slaiF
and pat6otiSril,okthe Northern labollr- 1 1
ers?- - -,Andwholgii;;:-was that noble
,wounded and bleeding. and
mangled, and to all appearance. lifeless
•on the deck of one Of our ships, en,hetir- -
ing : tbat the 'flalitif the enemy 'had struck
that- victory,, had. perched---our-the
preud• banner of his eburitty, —raised up
his feeble,. mangled form, opened. his
languid "97.6 once•inore" to the.light - of
heaven, raisedhis•palsicd 'hand around
his token:el:joy
,and 'Tell hack
-and died: - .Who,' sir„ was be'? •- •: ,..Why,_
a - Northern- labourer,a Northern labour,-
- er! - And" yet these
_men aiii7-016-.-sora
..
of.tboNorth, - to able
gentleman is about to :preach insurrec
tion!. . : - -
(Mr. Pickens „explained and said,_in
substance,. that he Wad spoken only .of
1 the iendency of Northern Institutions
to make the workingmen, of the North
tributary to . the capitalist, and to pro
vent them from rising from their 61)0- . 1
rious situation ..--That he had - not degaa.
ded them into a comparison with the
slaves but had said, that" if the
people of the Nortb
_would continue to
interfere with the slaves of the South,
Pkintegronit VVeekly,.by Geo. . 7 FI. s, in Carlisle, Cumberland, toinity, Pa.
. .
preach - ,i - nsurrsCtiort to the-Northern la:
'bereft.) • ••.• •
IYlr.:Naylcir resumed and Said, I have_
not nib:Understood the honorable gen,
demon. That the' honorable gentle-
Man does treat the Northern workmen
as Southern 'slaves is evideriefrom 'Mint
'he had just he - hairhot s in ten
.ded to place them th•the same degraded
situation of slaVes, hoW could . he flu-ea
ten to preach insurrection amring them?
Sir; the honorable-gentleman has .mis
talfen the tendency of Northern institu,
Lions, as much:aote has misconceived
the worth arid Spirit of. Northern 'char
acter. Our. institutions have do 'such
tendency,—no, sir, but exactly the re
yerse,- They raise up the laborer. =
They, place every man up_en an eqiiolity.
They.give-to.all equal-rights, and equal
chances,and hold Out to all equal induce
merits to action. Northern-institutions
tend to ke;ep:dhivn the Northern labour
ers! The -whole- history of the North
from the landing Of the first.,Pilgrim on
the . rock . of Plymbuth to this hotir; con
tradicts this - position.' \/ •
a . t tpeal to the Representatives froth
PennAy, , ,lvarid. you, sirs, who is - 1
JOSEPH RITNER, that`distinguished
mon, who, at this very-moment fills the'
executive chii - r- of your great Stale; a.
man, who, in all that:constitutes
. high
rribral and" intellectual worth hai, few
superiors this conntry,eine who
has all the valities Of-•head anti; heart
,tecessaryto_accomplish the great States•
man; and who possesses, the inost•
enlarged degree, all:the elements of Hu
man
-
man graatness,—Who, tirs, iszhe?,. A
Northern labourer,—a - Pennsylv:inia:
wagoirer: ,- who; _fur years; drove his. t VIM)
from RifistOirg to'.philailelplua,.: "ovei .
the: mountain, and over the moor," not
"Whistling he we-nt;"—no sir, but
preparing , :hiniself then.; by deep cogita
tionondeoynesrap4pationfor.the -high
for him. - .And Who let me ask the same
*gentlemen-, who- iS.,laines 'Todd, 'the
present Attornef. General of Penoty
vania,—,distingu)shcd for- the extent of
his legal. acquirements, for the compre
hensive energy .Of. hre mind, far his
strength of argument, and vigorous de
cution;. who, sir, is he? He too, is a
I vania
wood-chopper,—in
_early childhood a
destitute, desiolate orphan, bound out .by
the.OVersters,of ttie Poor as anappren
tice to a labobreri.These, sir, are some
of the fruits of Northern institutions,
some of the slaves to whom the honora
ble gentleman .will- : have to -preach-in,
surrection! _ •
• But . if . the Northern i nsti to I ions •be
hostile to equality, - and -have the (*.fleet
th_o_t_the_henorable_gentlentan .
contendS
for, to keep down the -workinen,_:and
make. them: tributary to the capitalists;
how conies it, how comet. it, thatl ani
now; at an early age, a represcotitive
in this hall? .Sir,,the gentleman is tit,
terly,- utterly deceived as to the - effect of
our institutions;. and the character of
public-sentiment in the North. -- -
FellowTrcemeo of my oVvrr, - my
tive district; bankers,
.capitalists, and
merchants - ,• (s 6 much denounced,,) man
ufOetbrers, mechanics, and'ilaborersi'
appeal to you all:=-Did it' ever oectir - tb
any one of you to object to me'becausc
poverty, orphanage, and destitutions
had ohee roade•me a ldborer for my daily
bread? . No sirs, no! I will do . you the
justice to answer for - You, ifo'!"*" - YOut..
enquiry•yiraS not "is he rich or poor, a
.
chant.?"—ut ‘qs he a man,—has he
ability' enough moderately to sustain
otir : interests in the great. councils of the
and nerve - and . moral courage
enough fearlessly to defy the assaults of
poWer, and to vindicate the outraged
p6nciples4 our constitutions?" Ail&
,here, sir, I now am-rand what is there
to-prevent-me-from - taking mrstand--by
the,•kide Of the proudest, man in• this
hall?
Mr Chairman-,:it is - not the first time
that lihave heard a parallel run between
the slavell of the south; and the work=
ing-men of. , the North. , For a . while,'
sii,--that-parallel.waa made .as - to. the re- , :
lative Ontlithin'"of the .frep negroes
The Niarth,'.atidlhe,slaVesofjthe south.
Recently, however, .seme4;those who
ae tlid.::En excellence. of
advoqa
,he'slave institutions of the South, have
taken a bolder and, snore daring -stand.
Racking their brains for arguments and
illustrations to justify slavery as it pre
vails among them, they have :hazarded
r•.the bold ,proposition that Slavery exists
in.every country; and that - its - the North, -
the operatives,--though nominally free,
ere; in faet, - the slaves Of the Capitalists.
SuCheprofsesition_is monstrous. tell
you, ii<gentlemen'tleeeive themselves.
They - slander. the. Tree" - institulions of
theif cotintry..c . They 'wrong the most
intelligent, and enterprising Class `of
men 'on earth - -- Flinow them, well; I
have been long associated, with them.
I-have seen ahem form themselves into
libraries and.other association/for intel.:
T,y ir cal my 9 s 3 S .
.is
ME
Ire"
leetual :improvement. - I haVe - seen-them
avaiitheniselves oftVary i leisure moment
_for mental - cOltuie, :Thave. seen. them.
learned. in'the languages; Skilled in the
•seiencE.s,ancl informed in all that is nes
cessary to give elevation 'to the charac . -
- Jer of man, and'. t l y fit, him for the . high.
destinies for which he was, designed,
Let thetionorable. gentleman•go - among„
them .an,'d he- will,,find,them in,,all re
spects equal to those who aitake it their.
boast' that they. own all the.labourers-in
the Spoilt. 'Yes, sir, as_wellAualified,
to, become honorable rulers of a free
people,---haVing. _headsfitted r for. the :
higliest Conneils, and fearleSs hearty
and sinc‘ij otitis for,,theenemies of - this
great nation,
.• , •.•
Mr: Chairman, - I call 'upon gchtlem.en .
of the - North to bear witness to the tpith
of what I have --said; I call-upon
to' look backAo the days of their child
ilood; and'say.„whore they have seen at
tain honor; distinction, wealth and MHO
'enee? Are tle - not' the working, the
inthistritius parts'or scieiety?. And do
not the institutions of the.Nortk. neces-•
sarily 'Oat() such restatsE_Sir,__when. :
- 1-ptitse, for a moment, and behOld4hat
are nOlw the little deslitule playmates
of ,my childhood, I amt overwhelmed
with aStonishmen2t. -; Some . of • them
lave gone forth' , from their homes, - be:,
come d rafters & signera'of declarations of
riidependenee,founders.ofnew Empires
breakers of the -Chains of 'despotism,
-and- - the earth even in their yotith-litiS
drunk-up'their blood. shed willingly-iii
the cause of the rights of man: :„Some
hare •Minitered at tlie ail& of_ their di
vine Master, : - Some haVe . led-the 'Gar,
adorned-the Senate', illustrated the
_judi
ciary; and others have wandered in the
flowery fields : of literature, Irod . in the
cool - tranquilizing paths.ef philosophy,-
delved, in the, depths pr-science, and'
compassed.the world,..with their enter
priZe,j_namottl,-,c
suit'that they have not already honor
ed an •ned. And yet these meware.
.fruitsof those odious institu 7
ions, against which the eloquent gen
leman has undertaken ! his crusade.'
MEG
Sir,"ii is the glory of the. - Northern
-institutions that 'they give to every.
man, podr
.and rich, high and low, the
..s.anli. fair -play. T 11(7 4 cP theJactruars.,.
emoluments and distinctions of the
country,,,before him, and, 'say, "go r,un
your . race for the prize, 'the reward
shall encircle the brow of the most
worthy:" Thus .is it that every. one
.feels and knows that he has a clear. field
before and that with industry,
prudittree and perseverance, - he can com
mand Nweess in any honorable underta
`kitig. He; kiii)Ws - that his ..industry is
his own;. his. - efforts his own; and .that
- eve rv:t.tinWitittlices, whilst if redou'6ls
to•his own immediate advantage, con
tributes also to the good of the commu
nity, and - the glory and renc4n of his
country, .'Ail honorable_employmats
are open to him. The hall -of legislation
are Opp) to him; the bar is open to him;
the "fields ; of science-are' :before : him;
there'is no - ..harrier betweefihim and the
object of his ambition; but such as in
dustry and perseverance may over=
come.
• . Look at ,the workings of their instituL
lions upon the.appearane.e of the North
Look •at,lter. mighty pitieli her forests of
hiasts, her.smiling villages; her fertile
fields, her productive - tan - 6 - i, her'numer
-ous charities,*. ten thOugand . improve ,
•mehts. 13ehoid my Own, my native
State. Pennsylvania is intellectualized
undei 'their - ati - ijilies: ---- 1-ler and
hills and valleys and rocks and veriest
ing mountains live breath under
the : .animating,..influence of her
gent and hard • working population;
every . stream feeds its canal, every
.sec
t ion of country has its railroad, diStance.
anniliitsteil;the flinty ribs of her reeky ,
:u_ii4ailains are-driven asunder, the.bow,
els of the
.earth .yield forth their tree,
sores,.. and the face of the earth blooms
and blOssoms.• and (ratifies like a para
Arul,all.this, all, this is the result
.ofothe intelligence, industry enter=
prise of Northern laborers, fostered by.
the genialinflnence oftheir institutiens,
Nor aro their efforts confined to their
own country alone. Their industry-and '
enterprise' compass -The whole earth.—
There is not a'. wave under--heaven that 1
kee s have 'net.partet ;not a reeze
.ever stirred .to which .they have.not
unfurled the starry banner. of-their coed : -
try. • Go the 'frozen - ocean of. the,
North and you will find them .t,,here; to
the ocean in the extreme Sotitli"aiid.you
will find them.there. Nature h'as no
difficulty Opt : Alley - hare not:overcome
'--=the-world no . limit that they have,pot
attained.
ELM
In every 41.epakment of, mind do the.
institutions of the North exert a who)e-
Atte, • tr - developing; influence..... Sir,
was but-a—few days siece that yoicsaw
the members -of ,this -I- hose gathered.
round' the electro-magnetic machine of
Mr.. -Davenport.
; There they:l4oml,
mute and itieti motionless; beholding, for the
REgthitTS
EU
MI
first-time;4ll4-secret,sublinne, and inyii. -
-terious TrinciplesW . nature applied. to
.mechanics; and there was the machine;
visible to all eyes, Mtivineiviththe
piditY of-lightnihg,without any apparent
cause. But the. genius .that made the
application. of this sublime and mystert
ous influence, who is he but, a laboring,
hardworking blacksmith-of the-North!'
,where ,do learning, literature and
geience flourish—but in the North?—
Where does the press teem_ with the
products _of _rnind—buLin North.?_
Where are the scientific institutions, the
libraries, ,rivalling almost 4
at; this early day, Europe's• vast accu
mulations, but in the North? - And
who, sir, gifts form and grace and life
and prOpartionuto the shapeless - marble,
but the sculptor of the North, Yes,
Sir, anti — there too does flise — genius of the
pencil contribute her glowing creations
to the stock-of Northern renbWri. - To
Northern handywork are you indebted
for the magnificence of this' mighty
Capitol. And those noble -historical'
pieces.now filling the pannels of the Ro-
tuntla r bicb—d-isplay—the—,beginning.,_
progress; and Consummation of - your
yeviiltition, and give to alj:,posteirlffitlfe
living forms and breathingeountenanceu
of the. father. 4 of your repnblio;•tbey,
too, are Abe — works of a Northern.artist!
But beTdred conclude - this braneb of
my subject, let me-make one oliservation
that • I had almost forgotten.. The gen
t eman to think:thatoitriNcirk - meii
Must of necessity be the passive initru=
ments-of our capitalkSts . : :His idea of the'
power and influericeWfAirealth, Controlling
the very !lestintes of the man Who latiorS,.
Must-be . derived from the institutions of
his own. generous . Sout h, where he frankly
avovis.that the capitalist does-absolutely
own theltiborer,s...2_liis:views:areOthw-
ever, utterly inapplicable to - the North.
`Who are.the Northern capitalists of to
llay4-.-L-±but—;4lte--_-L-pennyfeisayprerttitecif
yesterday? Sir, in the North,rthere: is
s..crcely a class of men "existing exclu
siv.e'llr'as capitalists. The character Q
Capitalist and laborer is there united in
the same person. In ninety-nine cases
outoltt hundred, he—who-is a -capitalist
has become so by his own industry and
perseverance,' He begins as an humble
"laborern---hisLi-mtu-stry,vi r-t ue—an
tegrity his only He gradually
accumulates. Every day of toil 'increases
his means. His means ate then united
to his labor, and he receives the just and
honest profits :of • them both.,..,Thus he
goes on joining. his accumulations with
his labor,_ receiving, the profits,of his,cdp,
ital , and . his toil, , scattering . the fruits of
his efforts. abroad for the benefit•of sock-
living in. manly
. indepen&nte e ' and
laying up ti Mock of comfort and enioy
llTT.iiiiiirifiT3—d-etiitsitvg—reArs:—STFClD was
le rich GIRARD, thi.: ".merchdiit and mg-
, .
riner,'.. as he styles Limself . in - his • laSt
wilt.- He-began' his career
. a destitute
cabin-boy. And such are the capitalists.
all over the_North. - They were all la
k,i,:wers4 some few years Since; and the
humble operative of to-day must .it)d,,,
will be the wealthy capitalist in same few
years-to come; and so far dit . theinstitu,
tiOns-of the North from retarding his ad
vance, that they encourage - him; aid him,
ii
•cle . r, cherish and sustain him in his on-.
ward caheer:_- , - • -:. —_,. - 7 - .
. •-Blit,. sir, I ere is no limit tO•this sub
jec:t. .1 wi ..-poraue: it : no r furthei% 1
might easily . exhaust mvself,.but thesub 7
ect is inexhaustible. , Whati liatie'i,iiii
has been said . to vindicate the character
of My_constitu en ts,. . from, Unjust attackti,,
and 'to relieve the institutions of the
North -from the bUrdpr of. denunciation
which has.been so profusely_ heaped upon
them. I jiave'uttered,nothing in a spirit
of disparagement to the South. .No, Hea- .
yen forbid!" I am incapable•Orit: • The'
'Whole .country _ is my country: TO me
--- - -.-
there. ltl neither North nor' Siuth,nor
East:not_West.'—iLttnuttf humble repre z
sentative of it all.. Our fathers - fought
and bled and dared for it all. . And hew
can we, their, sons,_ if . . we re' pect their
prindipfe4 and cherish and vind cate_thelr
metnories, how can we iitilifeelltsiut,.l9,-.
cal difficulties and. foster seCtional.jea,
lousier?.. I stand here the representative
tiLtlie.. whole country% Not an inclt.of
any part of,_ that Country),phall.le. ttrifa — rai :
ed witlitny con s ent. -Whatever concerns .
its honor and renown deeply entEdeirly_
concerns ine: I.Will scrupullikily - i - reifiet
the rights and feelittv of every section of
the country, and do all in iny' power 'to
advance, nothing .te . retard . ' VS . peculiar,
interests, where,they may come in
to eeeflict with .stnne.great,ftindamental
principle . vvhipli• Must not be sacrificed.
. will exert my nal ienceto heal - sectional'
differences, extirpate,-
. petty - jealousies,
foster a becoming spirit of ciniciliation,.
promote . universal harmony among the..
different.portiOns:tif the Union, and make
ithe_linion ilsolf a,a-everlasting as the soil
which itesubraces.' Witlijhese feelings
and this det6mination I have cone into
this. House., . But; 'sir, I
. never: can and
never willyeniain Silent, when the rights
Or interests of tnY . u*n immediate eenati-.
....
S, sIGRICUILtrriIIE, diellUSElitE.7o T 3, 4•c. .18•c
SCIE.I O CIB
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-tuents are-attacked.—No,-sir, let that at
tack come from. ; what quartr it may,
will be ever prompt to offer my feebly re=
siitance and iiitekpusit my:Vbiee - ib their,
just,vindication! • •
L . nott• . beg leaVe, Chairmao , to
make a few remarks, more
. inititediately
connected with the bill untidy consider.a.;,
,:Hy. the madneed' and folly
_of her
rulers, our country has been .precipitatcd
to a crisis. We have
. .
beeti con . vetied
here . to meet, that
. crisis: 'That . is, the
people and this House have been so IR"-
- forthed, Rut - have - we -niet - it? -- Are . we
ineetitigit? No,-sir, we havebeen &ailed
here to-do what this House. has been- do
ing for the last six, years, to eeho the ivitl
and' further'the wishes of the 'Executive
to carry out the recommendations or the
President's 'Message; to cease to be the
iree_represeqatives of the peoplse, and to
become the pliant Instruments of povrer.
.Nothingis to- be introduced;to our , 4/1. 7
"lidt - atiOns but:what tWPrislerit has ye;
commended.' Petitions hie presented,
and thiy are tratnpled tinder Blot; plans
'of relief are suggesteit, and they are laid
in_the_table. The en deinantl'from
you - , - ,' - through - their-representat-i-yes r -i-faied
and jai pa rti a I h earhsg, and Y,Oninieft
With -that - gag - of - despotism—the previuu-s
question,-And- when .‘ve 'as,k why b4 . sill
this—we are -impudently told that we
must attend to thu relief of the Govern
ment; that. we have_ nothing 'to'do wilh.
the people; that the_ Pre;iderit . has sal):
mitted his plans, and that right or wrong
we must sustain them; that - lie Ii is chalked
out to as the firma Our LemislatiVedu
and that - we must, follow
,trlatline,_ toe, the
mark,.e toe the ma?* kthei4lirase
arid then g 6 home add tell our ciorstitu
eats, that,wt have slavishly done rim
master'
~1
nduct like - this 'dat . r
4recipit.ated - li:oft - the
into-the very depths
EA.1.0-uie is regponsible
EU
- Sir,
iountr has beel'
height if „„. $2 1.,,, 3
or distreStiiiH
ft);l:iiic,
r r - - - 61=t
peo'ple I/re now - groanin --- Th
sentatives in Congress have bee
tckthem. • They have sprreNtler
independence and becoMe the mere
of the President' will. In . stpad of free !
ly- deliberating - and choosing -what was
best for the peOple arid the country, they
have been watching the ever changing
counteiPince-of-the—gaecutive r -fuplaseer----
taining what were his wishes; and deter:
nliniitions ! --and thus have tley -been sla
vishly echoing and—re-ethoing That will
.until the great fundamental 'interests of
the_cpuntry have-been entirely sacrificed.
The people have been lost sight id . ; those
:who were their servants have become_ their
masters_. I ask every cantlid man wheth
erJhe legislation of Congress has not, for
many years, confOrmed in every important
particular to the- conimand; . Uf the Execn-
tive? - Whethex the reclamatiais u lie
Administration lia,ye not been the law of
land? Let us revert to the history of the
past,and , see :what;ure the lessons that it
teablies.
. Large majorities of both houses oI Con=
fire " assed an act fur the re - Charter of
_.t."1 1- 13!nk of the United'. States. The
democratic my .o own State;
Pearrsylvania;unanimotisly recommended
it! •• It, was veined . .by the I?res Went.—
MTh what did Congress .do? --- Why - ,. sir.
changed their opitiion,--echoed that-veto!
-Yes, we saw the very man drafted
-and advocated the. bill for. re-chartering
the Bank, : (itir. Dallas,) -presiding at-a
Town Meeting a- few . weeks afterwards - , -
and there Op'povitig thcverytiVeasure - -,:of
which he was the author anillather;
turning at tholieeli — ofilieliresident; like
Saturn of old, to destroy- his ow njarnying.
This, --perhaps, may have been all
vel I—but is -it not a remarkable proof
that members of Cong,ress found It incon
venient to have opinions which did" uot:
exactly - conforin to "those of'.: the liqsecul--
'
live?
But again: Congress invelitigatetl the
situation of the Bunk.of thOUnited.:qtatcs,
Ur tto purpose o aseitF atairov et terif
still eontintieirto be a• safe depgsitory df
the, public Money.: They found. its sitaa
tlon t_o_be-sound and wit ul eti 'Re 01)1 t I de
e.lared; by a large majority,
.that : the de
pusjts should be„continued In it, accord
ing td Preslilent, , however, a
short, time aPerwartis- detertnined other
.wise, ordeted the. Secretary of the Treat.
.sury , to jay violent hands upon - the tree ,
'sures of the 'nation, to.take thew-from th
place' whereCongres's and thThw - deelar l
ed • they should be, and scatter them
abroad over the land - , by,depikiting them
with the pet Ranks; there to..be'usrd for
the,purpose . of swelling the deluge of pa
per itoineY;attit of feeding and.pampe'ring.
and bloating" the- demora'izing spirit of
speculation,. - •.
• , In sixty days afierwardi COngeess met.'
W ell, and what did .membera of Congress
.Did they . adhere to their former
Tesolution?• 1 : "Isi, sir; they again surren-''
ilereduptheir'indepindener; again chan
ged ,thelr..opinion,-.and again echoed the
will ut the •
• • Then it Wii,that the Presideni.fornied,
his liniitie" of Pet 'Banks, LI
and Planned, lin& put in opr
xJ
1115 4- SERLES, 2.=-.70.);
•
Ject which, sccording to his:premise, *as
to lianisb. Bank rags from the coniniunity.s.
give usthe,best of currencies, and 014
t 1 a that he! g• of eirCu Wien
This was the stile Work of the'Exeduti*e
and his agents. ;Congress had nothing
to do with it. He sikl2imitted his plan.'
however, to 'Congress, to the form of a
law, for their approval.. They, hesitated
fora while, asid . gruinbled a little, but not - 7
daring to disobey, they at length - . again _ .
complied 'with his - requisition,!, went thro.'
all the unmeaning.forms.and ceremo.:
nies necessary .toigive — itaTlegal •
- forgot-the people and 'the country, and
again echoed the will of the Executive!
But,, sir, it is in - vain to give ftirther -
'examples of - the entire dependance of this
•Itnise on s the Executive. The Presidint
has been passing 'our- laws! Congress,—
in. truth antli'n fact, has had nothing to do
with -them! His will has been supreme...
This House, - instead of being thk_free
represeptative holy -of - the people, has
been the representative of.the President! •
But 'ilie.bubble has atlength-bliest.--'
The I tied - prOjec't of which it, Much:Was;
promised and .so ' much' expected by att •
A njured,_and_confidingLpeople,_is -at anL•
end. While the people stoottanxionsly
awaiting the' realisation of its protu'tsed
advantages, it suddenly exploded and in
volved them and their business, the Collil-
I try, ifs exchanges, currency : and prosper
ity, in a scene of confusion and distress -
unparalleled in the . annals of our civil
history.- • The government,from a.hollow
and.bloated - appearance - of - sanity became -
suddenly bankrupt. Thi. people were
. overivheltned with distress, and from ev.
ery_quarter of - the country asked. relief - t
from the evils that had cottie_upon:them.:
_)feting' then under these circumitan
es, t ask, had 'we _not a right to expect
that_Congress once more would, resume
its independence, and attend faithfully
and fearlessly to the business of their
constituents; and that the administration
- -worildrtmvrahandotrits , projectrandr - gilre ------
oier its titter its to swar_and subjugate''
- and:enslave the_ representatives of the
country? - • But have our expectations
realized? WArathave we been about?-:-
What have we-done? tet us - see Whet
her we have not again been subserviently'
echoing the will o'f•the Executive,
Our first act was o pass a bill for the
postponement-of-the - pa fit - of - the - fourth' - ` -
instalment to the States, to withholdfrom
them the sum of upwards of nine millions
of dollars, which, by the act of 23t1 June,. '
1856, we had contracted to put in their
posseasion. By that law. it is provided •
"that all the money in• the Treasury of
the United_States,_on the_firstolJanuary„
1857, reserving the"sum of. five' millions
of dollars, should , by deposited.with the..
States in proportion to their respective
reffesentation in the Senate_and_House
•
Reffesenliitlif es .ofA - Nell - Oka"Statetu'?—
Under . this law it became the duty (tithe .
Secretary of the. Treasury . , on the first of
January, 1837, to reserve five Millions out,
'of it for the use Of the Povernment, ned
appropriate the balance, whatever it. might
be, to the States as already mentioned:--
The Secretary of the.Treasitry,,performed,
this du ty,,and found that:There miitul
waids of forty-two millions of dollars-1m
the Ti'easUry. Ile reserved the rive Mil
lions and then announced to the different
,States of the Union, that there was in the:: •
TreaSury specifically set apart for them- .
the sum of thirty-seven millions of .d 01.,.
lars, to be - paid..to them in four instal
-meals. The States agreed to receive the •
money-The instalments - of -the-mope} -
they., did receive: . -- -The-Tourtlt: and — lastr
instalment,. of between nine,and ten mil- . ; ;
lions of dollars,' was to hive been: paidstou'l.
-them-on_theltrit of this,trionth.' This• is
a plain inivarniAeriftitinients'of7ther—A
• case.' This we see that on the fiist.day
of January last; there ivas in the Ti•easu- •
ry thirty-seven millions of money. speci-:
. fleetly set apart by the•law for the States.
- There it was. - The Secretary.' of the - "
Treasury_counted it _and declared . it to
-be-there.--Now,:why.bas,net'this.money
been)H paid to -the States? -Wan: it-be
cause this House passed
,a Bill for the
postponement of last . payment?' ,
.sir, but because tldiadniiiiiitratiou h ad .
previously used this uOikeifOi diiir*ta
purposes,
his admibUtration:—betrayedlheisttsk:fe
.posegl in them., _squiindered--thii-money..
and-when thelepresentatives.cif the pep... ,
le assemble herein s eaal. session: we ,1
- are - informed - by - the -President and-lids .
Secretary of the Treasury that the money. '
that was in the Treasury for' the States -
is gone, has evaporated, and that we wilt
have .to postpoe the payment Of:.Ope
fourth of it. Thuti we see that the;siu-:'
ney. was
,used by the administraOnn,,—.
The Piesident .and-his policy,haplaiSit-'
'Pen - til the paymeurof . the.fourtk/1441-:
'inent. • Congress has had nothidite do
lith it.. Thejnoney .was.: there for the
Slates_ontlte. first ofJanirary When •
we met here in eight months afterwards,
it wak not Suppose.the Bill for
nostpcMing its p'ayment had not beau p f is..
estlj eiuld - the States have got:the me- •
- nay? `NO, - )Why? .Ilecanse the .
istratiou'hed previously used the moist
.eived,
a pre.
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