111 * U ENE IV 0 1,t1:1FIE 17,.-;;Arol 14. • __• , --"' CARLISLE HERALD-Alen t:/cPCIRIT • *ill . ll issued at: TWO DOLL Alts per annurri; tit he nail hair yearly in advance. . . ••••• 41)PERT/SEMElNTSnotexceedinfra9o a rc •or'thrce: insertions, tfNi. DO,LI,Nit, and '6very • Obsegnent insertion, twentrfive Cents, limp , ones in proportion: „ .---Letters„addressed to the puldilthers "on 'htisi; oe'si„NtusT - tit-PO . 3'r PAW, TitliCirvii - fe' they rill not be attended to.. • . r . •-. • . . AGENTS. - • , . . , • 4'..The'folloglng• persons have been aopolizted Agents, I • ie-eqnSle Herald and Expositor to-who COs torsubscription a lii.l itt.l Y Ort i4C ., .. . fritES CO be made... - - - D...Stir:6hr; Esq. Sfilrenianstown, Comb. Co. SCOTT COYLE, Esq. Niwrille,, .., . ilo. P. KOONTZ, Esq: Newburg, •• •-• • do.- Tubs. W. IhinEg t Esq. Shippensburg, ilo. Joux Woko•lrten, Esq• - do. - do, • J. Nl' ATEER,• '*1.,..H0FT,1100 . 01V0, . - • do: " , . R. Wit.soN,_Esq: Aleclriniesburg, . . - do. IVILLT`A.M. itu.rsis,..t, Es( - Hopewell, . do. -. i - R. STURGEON, 145 q. urchtown, - do: - , - 7 -- Dr.' frisA. Wtit - Tc., Ne v Cumberland:.- do, 'riling: , B . I.:APE, Esq: lloOnitieldi:Perry .co unty A'..lk:Acii,dik , 1,. disburg, ~, , ilo. __., Z it c . 047t17 1..4:ti.0 . .... ,..t . A , map & . AcePITIM I' . ~ , ---. . , —. 7 . N . ,,_,- t V.-: .- - - -, 7 . -..' , ._ . :. . . l.y .. ,V,•.- .r.-. _ '''4: ;: _n • . #2. i . .. ir ms d b---.. 4 „ , --. 4 5 ' -.%-; i qv . • - • enrieled, Froiii various gardens eulrt r i %%WI cat 2 For the Herald Ee Expositor , • Thc_Paist-Tht raitifre. • A.' EItAGMEN . T. ' 'When we look backson hours long passed away, And every circumstance. of joy; or woe, That goes - to make this strange beguiling Short Called life; as though it 'were of yesterday; e itart=tvr letun'ourquieltness of decay.- , S tin Pies unwearied 'Time:—on still we go, • And wivithei?—unto endless%v.eal 'or woe,: As-we have wrought our; p:irts •in this b :jet' play. • Yet•rnitny have I seen, whose thin blanched locks I3ti -who hetving_rums!El the SWIM with all its shocks, :Had-nothing learn'd from Whatthey saw or felt: 'Emig spirits! that can look with - heelless eSre, On doom unchangeable, and fix'cl eternity. s twx.. 4 c or Cl/aI:2;EN .111 - 01. I•y • - AMA, On the'l9:ll imp ~ vi.o additional dq - - ' lid as - deposit gries, iiz cerium ca .se4.,. on• public 'ollieers delivered t in the I lonse. ol lerpresentatives of The. Uni/ed ,Vtedes Oct.' 1314 18 3 7. ' T7nhe hill,impnsing additional 'duties . n p lidie olheers Isohig - tinder consider , , ation in the Committee of the whole on the slate ortlie Union. . Mr. •NAYLn Tarr., of Pennsylvania, said, i Cv.--aS---wit-lt-ltrea ti---1-nc-fan ce-t-ha t_he_ for the ti,St: 'tinle,in' this 'hall:— rose ' •He j e lt-__liiiitriii,i_iigrd to rise ' es, jun. ) . ...`(-s • airl Mr. N..,; 1 am ,iqzpalled to speali., • I cannot. remit Silent. I-V led for 11 . 1 introduction . of this • o our de - 'liberations. some. days since-, •on pur pose • to• afford the honorable gitntle : m an — from — S ontli — earo 1 ill 2, 01r;-4,:j.cjj ens,) an .opptirtOity . to express his:views in relation to - it.. '" ... perceived his anx - iety•to speak and Ertl .a friendly clispo, .. • sition to gratify him. If' I were surpri, tied when I ft and him draw into the vor tex of diSeu; ;ion, The. expitivn topics of • abolition; I exas, slavery Sz.locof,, topics that hate 10: hing to do. vir'W - this subjeCt; what roost have been my• feel _ ings when ilinard - hirii:denntince the . : -- hrstitutiona of the North as mercenary and.slaVish, and exalt those - of - the - Sailor rarancient - , - .otratielial;Tan - ii almost per ,.. feeti .. hohlly .avow that the labourers of . : the tiorth more the .'subjects of the North • ern capitalists;..put the Northeiln work- . -men/ on a -footing with the ;Southern . ‘., slaves, and threaten to preach insurree .'tion.td- the - lahourers - of the NCirth': - Yes; - - : preach insnereetion:to the Northern la -borersi. .i.- . 1 I am a Northern.labO Aye, sir, it bas been my lot to -- 1. nited as my .only ,patrinfony, at y age of nine years ? ' nothing bui ,orphan . . 8c age titter.destittitioni .botiaelesa, home- less, fatherless . • ad pennykss,. 1 , .' was .....nbliiiii•Triont : thatillax foiwaid, to earn. •my daily bread - by my A"aily:Tahour.r--- And now:siri now sir, - when, I takeimy . seat in this hall as the freeicipietehta . •the.lota_ fre_et peOple, : _am-I, to - be sneer- , . .d at is, a Nortlibralabop r er,:.:and ,oe graded Intiaa. co,mpariaort With_the - ppar, - oppressed and, sUfferit*.negrci• - Aave?— , . -7-. • IS such the genius and—spirita—cinr ~ iii sti Int iori s? If. it bei then , :did•Curfath; ers' fight,: iind - hleetb , •tin - d :struggle - _aria . - - die - in,Vain!" * .. - ' • ' • • ' .-- -- But, Bu sithe gentleman' has rniacOn ,,r 11 • .... ceived the spirit and tendency of North -• ern institutions: - -,• He ' is ignorant_ of • Nor t hern_Cilaracter. . Ho. has forgotten ' , the history 'othis - country. Preach. in-, --• surrection, : to met Who.-are- the-North ern labourers? ''; The history of your _ . country ,is their bistory: ''' n The renown . 6fyotit . - ccuntry is . thei r renown. The' • :brightness of,their:doings la-Kcahlazon - ed on-its, every - page. Blot IFO'M your . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' , 4 ' • • • . .* ‘ • - . .. . . . ;,.. . - ..... . . • -, . . . . . • . .--.. .........r..r....r. ........................- ........- ...... . . . . . . . . .. . t • . . - .. . , . . . . .r• . .. '1 . r . . . ... r „,. ,- ..,, .. ;. ~., • ;.... ... .. ( ... : ,... 14. . . . . . ..,,,„...,:. _... a .... . .. : .. .... 1 , , . I ( 11 . . L . • . . t' . .. . . . . , . . . 14 . . ' •'. - U . X . . . ... • .... .•.•• . ... .. ...,...._ . . . „..., BE t. Z'Jl~lllii` MUM PrSl o .ll o .lglf.- 7 11)1BINITIOP, 7io Ai7W 111fi,S,Iso-ipnriftes; nals the-de-oda inet . doings,of Norihern -Labourers, and the history .of yobr country..preserits:hut.uni__vereal.b.lank. Sir;':whO was he that- itieri. the Thunderer, wrested from his grasp the bolts of Jove, calmed the troubled ocean; became the central sun of. the' philoso sytem of . s age, shedding, his bright,ncis and effulgence on the whole civilized world—whom the great •and . miglity'a the earth-delighted to honor;. wlto participated in" the achievement of !.yourindepenclence;prominently assisted h moulding yoUr free institutions, and the beneficial effects al.:Whose wisdom ivili be felt to 'the last moment of Who,_sir - ,2.1 ask,. Was he?. A Niirthern - labourer,a Yankee tallow chandler'''s son,"—a printero.run c • Away boy ! • -:--SA-nd who, Ilet 'me ask-the-honorable .gentleman, ,wiio was he that in the clays of our - revolution led -forth - . a Northern • army,yes,An army bf Northern. laboor ers, and ::aidcd the chivalry - -of & - mtb Carolina in tli ir . defence against ish aggression,-drove - the _s_poilers.from Their .friOSides,r.and redeein eerher fair field's from foreign inv.aders;—wim was Ire? ,No - rth - ern—la trchrrr -- ; •Islatul blacksmith--the :galhcni Gen. Grecue r who left his hammer and his frit'ge and' went forth,conquerirg and to ean'quer,. in the batileS for our inclepen. -.deuce! And will you-preach insmec tion to men like these? - • glorious -achievements --of-.Northern - -' - labourers!' Where is Con oord; tki4 Lexington;;p9d P r i•in'eplon, andTE6nton, a - nd Saratoga, and thinker 11111; hut in,• the North? And what,, 4r.; has shed an imperishable reaown en, the : nov,er'qlying names- 6f , thosi; hallowed spots liiit'ilietlOod and the:strliggleS,- the" high- daring- and :pa trim ism; and, sublime courage of North= wimle North-is an: virtue, intelligehre and indomitabie,in, - dependent.c. of Northern . labourers!-- Go, air, go preach- insurrection to men like these! The fortitude of the men of the .North under___intense_ suffering for liberty's sake, has been almost God-like!.., His- , - tori has so-recorded it. • Wbo-cornpris- Kartiriffitairfood , without . pay, . -shOterless, shoeless,' pennyless,.and almost • naked, in' that dreadful winter,—the midnight of our revorution, whose wanderibgs could be .traced by their blood tracks in'the snow! —whom 'no arts could seduce, no - peal leil no suffering. disaffect,. hitt who, true to t noir country and its holy eau SC, continued-to fight the good fight of liberty, until it finally triuntlift ed. .Who, sir, were these men?, L Why, Sf9rthern labourers; yds sir, Northern !hirers! Who, sir, were:Roger :and =hilt it is' idle to enumerate. To, name the Northern kbourers who have dis , tiriguished. themselves • and illustrated the history of their counts, would re, _rtire days of_the_time_of_tliis.bais.e,' Nor is it ,neccessary. Posterity'W ill do theM justice. Their deeds, have been recorded in_ CharaeterS Of tire! _ • And such are the ‘vorking - men of the North at this' time. They have not degenerated ;. they • ire iu ali- respects worthy' of 'their intelligent and sturdy sires. :' WhoSe..biood. was so , profusely shed-during the last,war on the Canada liges,-,but that of Northern labour: - ers? Who 11.elleiVed - the •gloriqui vietcr -ries-of-Verry--and -IW-Donough T on-itho - 'La'kes-z- the Northern labourers Yes, 'they' 'met the enemy atol„. made them-4/1617'v? 'Who, sir, have made our -ships the models for alt•Etihre, - and sent forth in .the late war those gallant vesSels that gaveour• little 'navy the first-place in-the-tOrine annals cif tile world, and coveretr our arms on the •oceati --- itt a Uls+ee=of l k+t ; .—but hhc slaiF and pat6otiSril,okthe Northern labollr- 1 1 ers?- - -,Andwholgii;;:-was that noble ,wounded and bleeding. and mangled, and to all appearance. lifeless •on the deck of one Of our ships, en,hetir- - ing : tbat the 'flalitif the enemy 'had struck that- victory,, had. perched---our-the preud• banner of his eburitty, —raised up his feeble,. mangled form, opened. his languid "97.6 once•inore" to the.light - of heaven, raisedhis•palsicd 'hand around his token:el:joy ,and 'Tell hack -and died: - .Who,' sir„ was be'? •- •: ,..Why,_ a - Northern- labourer,a Northern labour,- - er! - And" yet these _men aiii7-016-.-sora .. of.tboNorth, - to able gentleman is about to :preach insurrec tion!. . : - - (Mr. Pickens „explained and said,_in substance,. that he Wad spoken only .of 1 the iendency of Northern Institutions to make the workingmen, of the North tributary to . the capitalist, and to pro vent them from rising from their 61)0- . 1 rious situation ..--That he had - not degaa. ded them into a comparison with the slaves but had said, that" if the people of the Nortb _would continue to interfere with the slaves of the South, Pkintegronit VVeekly,.by Geo. . 7 FI. s, in Carlisle, Cumberland, toinity, Pa. . . preach - ,i - nsurrsCtiort to the-Northern la: 'bereft.) • ••.• • IYlr.:Naylcir resumed and Said, I have_ not nib:Understood the honorable gen, demon. That the' honorable gentle- Man does treat the Northern workmen as Southern 'slaves is evideriefrom 'Mint 'he had just he - hairhot s in ten .ded to place them th•the same degraded situation of slaVes, hoW could . he flu-ea ten to preach insurrection amring them? Sir; the honorable-gentleman has .mis talfen the tendency of Northern institu, Lions, as much:aote has misconceived the worth arid Spirit of. Northern 'char acter. Our. institutions have do 'such tendency,—no, sir, but exactly the re yerse,- They raise up the laborer. = They, place every man up_en an eqiiolity. They.give-to.all equal-rights, and equal chances,and hold Out to all equal induce merits to action. Northern-institutions tend to ke;ep:dhivn the Northern labour ers! The -whole- history of the North from the landing Of the first.,Pilgrim on the . rock . of Plymbuth to this hotir; con tradicts this - position.' \/ • a . t tpeal to the Representatives froth PennAy, , ,lvarid. you, sirs, who is - 1 JOSEPH RITNER, that`distinguished mon, who, at this very-moment fills the' executive chii - r- of your great Stale; a. man, who, in all that:constitutes . high rribral and" intellectual worth hai, few superiors this conntry,eine who has all the valities Of-•head anti; heart ,tecessaryto_accomplish the great States• man; and who possesses, the inost• enlarged degree, all:the elements of Hu man - man graatness,—Who, tirs, iszhe?,. A Northern labourer,—a - Pennsylv:inia: wagoirer: ,- who; _fur years; drove his. t VIM) from RifistOirg to'.philailelplua,.: "ovei . the: mountain, and over the moor," not "Whistling he we-nt;"—no sir, but preparing , :hiniself then.; by deep cogita tionondeoynesrap4pationfor.the -high for him. - .And Who let me ask the same *gentlemen-, who- iS.,laines 'Todd, 'the present Attornef. General of Penoty vania,—,distingu)shcd for- the extent of his legal. acquirements, for the compre hensive energy .Of. hre mind, far his strength of argument, and vigorous de cution;. who, sir, is he? He too, is a I vania wood-chopper,—in _early childhood a destitute, desiolate orphan, bound out .by the.OVersters,of ttie Poor as anappren tice to a labobreri.These, sir, are some of the fruits of Northern institutions, some of the slaves to whom the honora ble gentleman .will- : have to -preach-in, surrection! _ • • But . if . the Northern i nsti to I ions •be hostile to equality, - and -have the (*.fleet th_o_t_the_henorable_gentlentan . contendS for, to keep down the -workinen,_:and make. them: tributary to the capitalists; how conies it, how comet. it, thatl ani now; at an early age, a represcotitive in this hall? .Sir,,the gentleman is tit, terly,- utterly deceived as to the - effect of our institutions;. and the character of public-sentiment in the North. -- - FellowTrcemeo of my oVvrr, - my tive district; bankers, .capitalists, and merchants - ,• (s 6 much denounced,,) man ufOetbrers, mechanics, and'ilaborersi' appeal to you all:=-Did it' ever oectir - tb any one of you to object to me'becausc poverty, orphanage, and destitutions had ohee roade•me a ldborer for my daily bread? . No sirs, no! I will do . you the justice to answer for - You, ifo'!"*" - YOut.. enquiry•yiraS not "is he rich or poor, a . chant.?"—ut ‘qs he a man,—has he ability' enough moderately to sustain otir : interests in the great. councils of the and nerve - and . moral courage enough fearlessly to defy the assaults of poWer, and to vindicate the outraged p6nciples4 our constitutions?" Ail& ,here, sir, I now am-rand what is there to-prevent-me-from - taking mrstand--by the,•kide Of the proudest, man in• this hall? Mr Chairman-,:it is - not the first time that lihave heard a parallel run between the slavell of the south; and the work= ing-men of. , the North. , For a . while,' sii,--that-parallel.waa made .as - to. the re- , : lative Ontlithin'"of the .frep negroes The Niarth,'.atidlhe,slaVesofjthe south. Recently, however, .seme4;those who ae tlid.::En excellence. of advoqa ,he'slave institutions of the South, have taken a bolder and, snore daring -stand. Racking their brains for arguments and illustrations to justify slavery as it pre vails among them, they have :hazarded r•.the bold ,proposition that Slavery exists in.every country; and that - its - the North, - the operatives,--though nominally free, ere; in faet, - the slaves Of the Capitalists. SuCheprofsesition_is monstrous. tell you, ii<gentlemen'tleeeive themselves. They - slander. the. Tree" - institulions of theif cotintry..c . They 'wrong the most intelligent, and enterprising Class `of men 'on earth - -- Flinow them, well; I have been long associated, with them. I-have seen ahem form themselves into libraries and.other association/for intel.: T,y ir cal my 9 s 3 S . .is ME Ire" leetual :improvement. - I haVe - seen-them avaiitheniselves oftVary i leisure moment _for mental - cOltuie, :Thave. seen. them. learned. in'the languages; Skilled in the •seiencE.s,ancl informed in all that is nes cessary to give elevation 'to the charac . - - Jer of man, and'. t l y fit, him for the . high. destinies for which he was, designed, Let thetionorable. gentleman•go - among„ them .an,'d he- will,,find,them in,,all re spects equal to those who aitake it their. boast' that they. own all the.labourers-in the Spoilt. 'Yes, sir, as_wellAualified, to, become honorable rulers of a free people,---haVing. _headsfitted r for. the : higliest Conneils, and fearleSs hearty and sinc‘ij otitis for,,theenemies of - this great nation, .• , •.• Mr: Chairman, - I call 'upon gchtlem.en . of the - North to bear witness to the tpith of what I have --said; I call-upon to' look backAo the days of their child ilood; and'say.„whore they have seen at tain honor; distinction, wealth and MHO 'enee? Are tle - not' the working, the inthistritius parts'or scieiety?. And do not the institutions of the.Nortk. neces-• sarily 'Oat() such restatsE_Sir,__when. : - 1-ptitse, for a moment, and behOld4hat are nOlw the little deslitule playmates of ,my childhood, I amt overwhelmed with aStonishmen2t. -; Some . of • them lave gone forth' , from their homes, - be:, come d rafters & signera'of declarations of riidependenee,founders.ofnew Empires breakers of the -Chains of 'despotism, -and- - the earth even in their yotith-litiS drunk-up'their blood. shed willingly-iii the cause of the rights of man: :„Some hare •Minitered at tlie ail& of_ their di vine Master, : - Some haVe . led-the 'Gar, adorned-the Senate', illustrated the _judi ciary; and others have wandered in the flowery fields : of literature, Irod . in the cool - tranquilizing paths.ef philosophy,- delved, in the, depths pr-science, and' compassed.the world,..with their enter priZe,j_namottl,-,c suit'that they have not already honor ed an •ned. And yet these meware. .fruitsof those odious institu 7 ions, against which the eloquent gen leman has undertaken ! his crusade.' MEG Sir,"ii is the glory of the. - Northern -institutions that 'they give to every. man, podr .and rich, high and low, the ..s.anli. fair -play. T 11(7 4 cP theJactruars.,. emoluments and distinctions of the country,,,before him, and, 'say, "go r,un your . race for the prize, 'the reward shall encircle the brow of the most worthy:" Thus .is it that every. one .feels and knows that he has a clear. field before and that with industry, prudittree and perseverance, - he can com mand Nweess in any honorable underta `kitig. He; kiii)Ws - that his ..industry is his own;. his. - efforts his own; and .that - eve rv:t.tinWitittlices, whilst if redou'6ls to•his own immediate advantage, con tributes also to the good of the commu nity, and - the glory and renc4n of his country, .'Ail honorable_employmats are open to him. The hall -of legislation are Opp) to him; the bar is open to him; the "fields ; of science-are' :before : him; there'is no - ..harrier betweefihim and the object of his ambition; but such as in dustry and perseverance may over= come. • . Look at ,the workings of their instituL lions upon the.appearane.e of the North Look •at,lter. mighty pitieli her forests of hiasts, her.smiling villages; her fertile fields, her productive - tan - 6 - i, her'numer -ous charities,*. ten thOugand . improve , •mehts. 13ehoid my Own, my native State. Pennsylvania is intellectualized undei 'their - ati - ijilies: ---- 1-ler and hills and valleys and rocks and veriest ing mountains live breath under the : .animating,..influence of her gent and hard • working population; every . stream feeds its canal, every .sec t ion of country has its railroad, diStance. anniliitsteil;the flinty ribs of her reeky , :u_ii4ailains are-driven asunder, the.bow, els of the .earth .yield forth their tree, sores,.. and the face of the earth blooms and blOssoms.• and (ratifies like a para Arul,all.this, all, this is the result .ofothe intelligence, industry enter= prise of Northern laborers, fostered by. the genialinflnence oftheir institutiens, Nor aro their efforts confined to their own country alone. Their industry-and ' enterprise' compass -The whole earth.— There is not a'. wave under--heaven that 1 kee s have 'net.partet ;not a reeze .ever stirred .to which .they have.not unfurled the starry banner. of-their coed : - try. • Go the 'frozen - ocean of. the, North and you will find them .t,,here; to the ocean in the extreme Sotitli"aiid.you will find them.there. Nature h'as no difficulty Opt : Alley - hare not:overcome '--=the-world no . limit that they have,pot attained. ELM In every 41.epakment of, mind do the. institutions of the North exert a who)e- Atte, • tr - developing; influence..... Sir, was but-a—few days siece that yoicsaw the members -of ,this -I- hose gathered. round' the electro-magnetic machine of Mr.. -Davenport. ; There they:l4oml, mute and itieti motionless; beholding, for the REgthitTS EU MI first-time;4ll4-secret,sublinne, and inyii. - -terious TrinciplesW . nature applied. to .mechanics; and there was the machine; visible to all eyes, Mtivineiviththe piditY of-lightnihg,without any apparent cause. But the. genius .that made the application. of this sublime and mystert ous influence, who is he but, a laboring, hardworking blacksmith-of the-North!' ,where ,do learning, literature and geience flourish—but in the North?— Where does the press teem_ with the products _of _rnind—buLin North.?_ Where are the scientific institutions, the libraries, ,rivalling almost 4 at; this early day, Europe's• vast accu mulations, but in the North? - And who, sir, gifts form and grace and life and prOpartionuto the shapeless - marble, but the sculptor of the North, Yes, Sir, anti — there too does flise — genius of the pencil contribute her glowing creations to the stock-of Northern renbWri. - To Northern handywork are you indebted for the magnificence of this' mighty Capitol. And those noble -historical' pieces.now filling the pannels of the Ro- tuntla r bicb—d-isplay—the—,beginning.,_ progress; and Consummation of - your yeviiltition, and give to alj:,posteirlffitlfe living forms and breathingeountenanceu of the. father. 4 of your repnblio;•tbey, too, are Abe — works of a Northern.artist! But beTdred conclude - this braneb of my subject, let me-make one oliservation that • I had almost forgotten.. The gen t eman to think:thatoitriNcirk - meii Must of necessity be the passive initru= ments-of our capitalkSts . : :His idea of the' power and influericeWfAirealth, Controlling the very !lestintes of the man Who latiorS,. Must-be . derived from the institutions of his own. generous . Sout h, where he frankly avovis.that the capitalist does-absolutely own theltiborer,s...2_liis:views:areOthw- ever, utterly inapplicable to - the North. `Who are.the Northern capitalists of to llay4-.-L-±but—;4lte--_-L-pennyfeisayprerttitecif yesterday? Sir, in the North,rthere: is s..crcely a class of men "existing exclu siv.e'llr'as capitalists. The character Q Capitalist and laborer is there united in the same person. In ninety-nine cases outoltt hundred, he—who-is a -capitalist has become so by his own industry and perseverance,' He begins as an humble "laborern---hisLi-mtu-stry,vi r-t ue—an tegrity his only He gradually accumulates. Every day of toil 'increases his means. His means ate then united to his labor, and he receives the just and honest profits :of • them both.,..,Thus he goes on joining. his accumulations with his labor,_ receiving, the profits,of his,cdp, ital , and . his toil, , scattering . the fruits of his efforts. abroad for the benefit•of sock- living in. manly . indepen&nte e ' and laying up ti Mock of comfort and enioy llTT.iiiiiirifiT3—d-etiitsitvg—reArs:—STFClD was le rich GIRARD, thi.: ".merchdiit and mg- , . riner,'.. as he styles Limself . in - his • laSt wilt.- He-began' his career . a destitute cabin-boy. And such are the capitalists. all over the_North. - They were all la k,i,:wers4 some few years Since; and the humble operative of to-day must .it)d,,, will be the wealthy capitalist in same few years-to come; and so far dit . theinstitu, tiOns-of the North from retarding his ad vance, that they encourage - him; aid him, ii •cle . r, cherish and sustain him in his on-. ward caheer:_- , - • -:. —_,. - 7 - . . •-Blit,. sir, I ere is no limit tO•this sub jec:t. .1 wi ..-poraue: it : no r furthei% 1 might easily . exhaust mvself,.but thesub 7 ect is inexhaustible. , Whati liatie'i,iiii has been said . to vindicate the character of My_constitu en ts,. . from, Unjust attackti,, and 'to relieve the institutions of the North -from the bUrdpr of. denunciation which has.been so profusely_ heaped upon them. I jiave'uttered,nothing in a spirit of disparagement to the South. .No, Hea- . yen forbid!" I am incapable•Orit: • The' 'Whole .country _ is my country: TO me --- - -.- there. ltl neither North nor' Siuth,nor East:not_West.'—iLttnuttf humble repre z sentative of it all.. Our fathers - fought and bled and dared for it all. . And hew can we, their, sons,_ if . . we re' pect their prindipfe4 and cherish and vind cate_thelr metnories, how can we iitilifeelltsiut,.l9,-. cal difficulties and. foster seCtional.jea, lousier?.. I stand here the representative tiLtlie.. whole country% Not an inclt.of any part of,_ that Country),phall.le. ttrifa — rai : ed witlitny con s ent. -Whatever concerns . its honor and renown deeply entEdeirly_ concerns ine: I.Will scrupullikily - i - reifiet the rights and feelittv of every section of the country, and do all in iny' power 'to advance, nothing .te . retard . ' VS . peculiar, interests, where,they may come in to eeeflict with .stnne.great,ftindamental principle . vvhipli• Must not be sacrificed. . will exert my nal ienceto heal - sectional' differences, extirpate,- . petty - jealousies, foster a becoming spirit of ciniciliation,. promote . universal harmony among the.. different.portiOns:tif the Union, and make ithe_linion ilsolf a,a-everlasting as the soil which itesubraces.' Witlijhese feelings and this det6mination I have cone into this. House., . But; 'sir, I . never: can and never willyeniain Silent, when the rights Or interests of tnY . u*n immediate eenati-. .... S, sIGRICUILtrriIIE, diellUSElitE.7o T 3, 4•c. .18•c SCIE.I O CIB '11: , ~~ -tuents are-attacked.—No,-sir, let that at tack come from. ; what quartr it may, will be ever prompt to offer my feebly re= siitance and iiitekpusit my:Vbiee - ib their, just,vindication! • • L . nott• . beg leaVe, Chairmao , to make a few remarks, more . inititediately connected with the bill untidy consider.a.;, ,:Hy. the madneed' and folly _of her rulers, our country has been .precipitatcd to a crisis. We have . . beeti con . vetied here . to meet, that . crisis: 'That . is, the people and this House have been so IR"- - forthed, Rut - have - we -niet - it? -- Are . we ineetitigit? No,-sir, we havebeen &ailed here to-do what this House. has been- do ing for the last six, years, to eeho the ivitl and' further'the wishes of the 'Executive to carry out the recommendations or the President's 'Message; to cease to be the iree_represeqatives of the peoplse, and to become the pliant Instruments of povrer. .Nothingis to- be introduced;to our , 4/1. 7 "lidt - atiOns but:what tWPrislerit has ye; commended.' Petitions hie presented, and thiy are tratnpled tinder Blot; plans 'of relief are suggesteit, and they are laid in_the_table. The en deinantl'from you - , - ,' - through - their-representat-i-yes r -i-faied and jai pa rti a I h earhsg, and Y,Oninieft With -that - gag - of - despotism—the previuu-s question,-And- when .‘ve 'as,k why b4 . sill this—we are -impudently told that we must attend to thu relief of the Govern ment; that. we have_ nothing 'to'do wilh. the people; that the_ Pre;iderit . has sal): mitted his plans, and that right or wrong we must sustain them; that - lie Ii is chalked out to as the firma Our LemislatiVedu and that - we must, follow ,trlatline,_ toe, the mark,.e toe the ma?* kthei4lirase arid then g 6 home add tell our ciorstitu eats, that,wt have slavishly done rim master' ~1 nduct like - this 'dat . r 4recipit.ated - li:oft - the into-the very depths EA.1.0-uie is regponsible EU - Sir, iountr has beel' height if „„. $2 1.,,, 3 or distreStiiiH ft);l:iiic, r r - - - 61=t peo'ple I/re now - groanin --- Th sentatives in Congress have bee tckthem. • They have sprreNtler independence and becoMe the mere of the President' will. In . stpad of free ! ly- deliberating - and choosing -what was best for the peOple arid the country, they have been watching the ever changing counteiPince-of-the—gaecutive r -fuplaseer---- taining what were his wishes; and deter: nliniitions ! --and thus have tley -been sla vishly echoing and—re-ethoing That will .until the great fundamental 'interests of the_cpuntry have-been entirely sacrificed. The people have been lost sight id . ; those :who were their servants have become_ their masters_. I ask every cantlid man wheth erJhe legislation of Congress has not, for many years, confOrmed in every important particular to the- conimand; . Uf the Execn- tive? - Whethex the reclamatiais u lie Administration lia,ye not been the law of land? Let us revert to the history of the past,and , see :what;ure the lessons that it teablies. . Large majorities of both houses oI Con= fire " assed an act fur the re - Charter of _.t."1 1- 13!nk of the United'. States. The democratic my .o own State; Pearrsylvania;unanimotisly recommended it! •• It, was veined . .by the I?res Went.— MTh what did Congress .do? --- Why - ,. sir. changed their opitiion,--echoed that-veto! -Yes, we saw the very man drafted -and advocated the. bill for. re-chartering the Bank, : (itir. Dallas,) -presiding at-a Town Meeting a- few . weeks afterwards - , - and there Op'povitig thcverytiVeasure - -,:of which he was the author anillather; turning at tholieeli — ofilieliresident; like Saturn of old, to destroy- his ow njarnying. This, --perhaps, may have been all vel I—but is -it not a remarkable proof that members of Cong,ress found It incon venient to have opinions which did" uot: exactly - conforin to "those of'.: the liqsecul-- ' live? But again: Congress invelitigatetl the situation of the Bunk.of thOUnited.:qtatcs, Ur tto purpose o aseitF atairov et terif still eontintieirto be a• safe depgsitory df the, public Money.: They found. its sitaa tlon t_o_be-sound and wit ul eti 'Re 01)1 t I de e.lared; by a large majority, .that : the de pusjts should be„continued In it, accord ing td Preslilent, , however, a short, time aPerwartis- detertnined other .wise, ordeted the. Secretary of the Treat. .sury , to jay violent hands upon - the tree , 'sures of the 'nation, to.take thew-from th place' whereCongres's and thThw - deelar l ed • they should be, and scatter them abroad over the land - , by,depikiting them with the pet Ranks; there to..be'usrd for the,purpose . of swelling the deluge of pa per itoineY;attit of feeding and.pampe'ring. and bloating" the- demora'izing spirit of speculation,. - •. • , In sixty days afierwardi COngeess met.' W ell, and what did .membera of Congress .Did they . adhere to their former Tesolution?• 1 : "Isi, sir; they again surren-'' ilereduptheir'indepindener; again chan ged ,thelr..opinion,-.and again echoed the will ut the • • • Then it Wii,that the Presideni.fornied, his liniitie" of Pet 'Banks, LI and Planned, lin& put in opr xJ 1115 4- SERLES, 2.=-.70.); • Ject which, sccording to his:premise, *as to lianisb. Bank rags from the coniniunity.s. give usthe,best of currencies, and 014 t 1 a that he! g• of eirCu Wien This was the stile Work of the'Exeduti*e and his agents. ;Congress had nothing to do with it. He sikl2imitted his plan.' however, to 'Congress, to the form of a law, for their approval.. They, hesitated fora while, asid . gruinbled a little, but not - 7 daring to disobey, they at length - . again _ . complied 'with his - requisition,!, went thro.' all the unmeaning.forms.and ceremo.: nies necessary .toigive — itaTlegal • - forgot-the people and 'the country, and again echoed the will of the Executive! But,, sir, it is in - vain to give ftirther - 'examples of - the entire dependance of this •Itnise on s the Executive. The Presidint has been passing 'our- laws! Congress,— in. truth antli'n fact, has had nothing to do with -them! His will has been supreme... This House, - instead of being thk_free represeptative holy -of - the people, has been the representative of.the President! • But 'ilie.bubble has atlength-bliest.--' The I tied - prOjec't of which it, Much:Was; promised and .so ' much' expected by att • A njured,_and_confidingLpeople,_is -at anL• end. While the people stoottanxionsly awaiting the' realisation of its protu'tsed advantages, it suddenly exploded and in volved them and their business, the Collil- I try, ifs exchanges, currency : and prosper ity, in a scene of confusion and distress - unparalleled in the . annals of our civil history.- • The government,from a.hollow and.bloated - appearance - of - sanity became - suddenly bankrupt. Thi. people were . overivheltned with distress, and from ev. ery_quarter of - the country asked. relief - t from the evils that had cottie_upon:them.: _)feting' then under these circumitan es, t ask, had 'we _not a right to expect that_Congress once more would, resume its independence, and attend faithfully and fearlessly to the business of their constituents; and that the administration - -worildrtmvrahandotrits , projectrandr - gilre ------ oier its titter its to swar_and subjugate'' - and:enslave the_ representatives of the country? - • But have our expectations realized? WArathave we been about?-:- What have we-done? tet us - see Whet her we have not again been subserviently' echoing the will o'f•the Executive, Our first act was o pass a bill for the postponement-of-the - pa fit - of - the - fourth' - ` - instalment to the States, to withholdfrom them the sum of upwards of nine millions of dollars, which, by the act of 23t1 June,. ' 1856, we had contracted to put in their posseasion. By that law. it is provided • "that all the money in• the Treasury of the United_States,_on the_firstolJanuary„ 1857, reserving the"sum of. five' millions of dollars, should , by deposited.with the.. States in proportion to their respective reffesentation in the Senate_and_House • Reffesenliitlif es .ofA - Nell - Oka"Statetu'?— Under . this law it became the duty (tithe . Secretary of the. Treasury . , on the first of January, 1837, to reserve five Millions out, 'of it for the use Of the Povernment, ned appropriate the balance, whatever it. might be, to the States as already mentioned:-- The Secretary of the.Treasitry,,performed, this du ty,,and found that:There miitul waids of forty-two millions of dollars-1m the Ti'easUry. Ile reserved the rive Mil lions and then announced to the different ,States of the Union, that there was in the:: • TreaSury specifically set apart for them- . the sum of thirty-seven millions of .d 01.,. lars, to be - paid..to them in four instal -meals. The States agreed to receive the • money-The instalments - of -the-mope} - they., did receive: . -- -The-Tourtlt: and — lastr instalment,. of between nine,and ten mil- . ; ; lions of dollars,' was to hive been: paidstou'l. -them-on_theltrit of this,trionth.' This• is a plain inivarniAeriftitinients'of7ther—A • case.' This we see that on the fiist.day of January last; there ivas in the Ti•easu- • ry thirty-seven millions of money. speci-: . fleetly set apart by the•law for the States. - There it was. - The Secretary.' of the - " Treasury_counted it _and declared . it to -be-there.--Now,:why.bas,net'this.money been)H paid to -the States? -Wan: it-be cause this House passed ,a Bill for the postponement of last . payment?' , .sir, but because tldiadniiiiiitratiou h ad . previously used this uOikeifOi diiir*ta purposes, his admibUtration:—betrayedlheisttsk:fe .posegl in them., _squiindered--thii-money.. and-when thelepresentatives.cif the pep... , le assemble herein s eaal. session: we ,1 - are - informed - by - the -President and-lids . Secretary of the Treasury that the money. ' that was in the Treasury for' the States - is gone, has evaporated, and that we wilt have .to postpoe the payment Of:.Ope fourth of it. Thuti we see that the;siu-:' ney. was ,used by the administraOnn,,—. The Piesident .and-his policy,haplaiSit-' 'Pen - til the paymeurof . the.fourtk/1441-: 'inent. • Congress has had nothidite do lith it.. Thejnoney .was.: there for the Slates_ontlte. first ofJanirary When • we met here in eight months afterwards, it wak not Suppose.the Bill for nostpcMing its p'ayment had not beau p f is.. estlj eiuld - the States have got:the me- • - nay? `NO, - )Why? .Ilecanse the . istratiou'hed previously used the moist .eived, a pre. N
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