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Address 81/TI.ICR CITIZBBf,
BCJTLER. PA.
Time of Holding Courts.
The several Courts of the county of Butler
commence on the fiist Monday of March, June,
September and December, and continue two
weeks, or so long aa neoeesary to dispose of the
business. No causes are put down for trial or
traverse Jurors summoned for the first week of
the several terms.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
BUTLER, PA.
A. M. CORNELIUS,
Office with W. D. Brandon, Berg Building. Main
Street, Butler, Pa.
~ J. F. BRITTAIN,
Office with L Z- Mitchell, Diamond.
A. M. CUNNINGHAM,
Office in Brady's Law Building. Butler, Pa.
STHT PIERSOL.
Office on N- E. corner Diamond, Riddle build
ing. JnovlS
JOHN M. GREER.
Office on N. E. comer Diamond. novl2
WJI. H. LUSK,
Office with W H. H Riddle, Esq.
WEWTON ULACK,
Offioe on Diamond, near Court House, south
side.
E J J3KUGH,
Office in Riddle's Law Building.
S. F. BOW SEU.
Office in Riddle's Law Building [marS T'j
J. B. McJUNKIN.
Special attention given to collections Otlic
opposite Willard House.
JOSEPH li. BREDIN,
Office north-east corner ol Diamond. Bullet
Pa.
H HTGOUCHER,
Office in Bchneideman's building, up ataus.
J T. DONLY
Office near Court House. 74
W. D. BRANDON,
ebl7-76 Office in Berg's building
CLARENCE WALKER,
Office in Bredin building- marl7—t
FERD REIBELL,
Office in Berg's new building, Maiu street.apv>i.
F. M. EAST AN,
Office in Bredin building.
LEV, McQULSTION,
Offioe Main street, 1 door south of Court House
JOS. C. VANDERLIN,
Office Main street, 1 door south of Court House
WRA A. FORQUER,
49* Office on Main street, opposite Vogeley
House.
GEO. 11. WHITE,
Office N. E. corner of Diamorn
FRANCIS S PURVIANCE,
Office with Gen. J. N. Purviance, Main stree>
south of Court House.
J. 1) MeJUNKIN,
Office In Schncideman's building, west side oi
Maiu street, 2nd square from Court Houce.
A. G. WILLIAMS,
Office on Diamond, two doors west of Craztn
offioe. ap'it>
T. C. CAMPBELL,
Office in Berg's new building, 2d door,
■ aide Main St., a few doors south of liowrj
House. mar3—t
CI A. & AI. SULLIVAN,
may 7 Office S. W. cor ol Diamond.
BLACK ATBRO.,
Office ou Maiu street one door soutii t» I
Brady Block, Butler. Pa. (Sep. 2, 1874.
JOHN AL MILLER & URO. ~
Offioe in Brady's Law Building, Main street,
south of Court House. EUOE>K O. MLLI.EK,
Notary Public. . jU n4 x y
THOMAS ROBINSON^
BDTLEIt, PA.
JOHN H. NEGLEY,
Waives particulai attention to transaction)
iH real estate throughout the county
Umci ON DIAMOND, .NKAB OOUUT
OmZIN BUILDING
B. R. ECKLIT, KENNEDY MAKSUALL
(Late of Ohio.)
ECKLKY <fc MARSHALL.
Office in Brady's Law Building. 3cpt.V,<
c G CHRISTIE^
Attorney at Law. Legul business carefullj
transacted Collections made and promptly
remitted. Business correspondence promptlv
attended to and answered.
Office opposite Lowry Bouse, Butler, Pa.
PHYSICIANS.
JOHN E BYERS,
PHYSICIAN AND SURG fcON,
myai-ly] BUTLER. PA.
JD EIsTTISTir^Y.
OU WALDRON. Or duate of the Pbil-
R adelpbla Dental Collegia prepared
■ lis to do anything in the line of his
profession In a satisfactory manner.
Office on Main street, Butler. Union Block,
op stairs, apll
DIRECTIONS.
ai a rial ilv '" r Catarrh, hay fever
VntAM DAVJ" w co,d ln lll « Head, &c.,
Ur i £? S/r 'y insert with little linger
■bATARRH.COLO*'£ ipj a particle of the B(Ura
H rtAV-f-/-. c ATA»i,ii into the nostrils ; draw
strongbreaths through
tl,e » ose - it will be
»*UL* absorbed, cleansing.
, /jfi£baM and healing the dis
1F* 1 eased membrane.
For Deafness,
;Y'l ,lv a Particle Into
ELY'S CREAM"BALM
HAVING gained an enviable reputation, displac
ing all other preparations in the vicinity of discov
ery. Is, on its merits alone, recognized as a won
derful remedy wherever known. A fair trial will
convince the most skeptical of its curative pow
ers. It effectually demises the nasal passage* of
Catarrhal virus, causing healthy .secretions, al
lays inflammation and irritation, protects the
meinbranal linings of the head from additional
cold*, completely heals the sores and restores the
sense of taste and smell. Beneficial reault* are
realized by a few applications. A thorough treat
ment as directed will cure Catarrh. As a house
hold remedy for cold in the head is unequaled.
The Balm is easv to use and agreeable. Sold by
druggists at 80 cents On receipt of 60 cents will
mall a package. Send for circular with full infor
mation,
. ELY'S CREAM BAI.M CO., Owego. N. Y.
For sale hy »hc Butler Druggist. ,uid 0V W h<JI«-
sale Dnwnn ganevnlly.
Admintofrators' Notice.
Letters o' administration having been granted
to the undersigned on the estate of Rouert
Thompson, dec'l, late of Clearfield township.
Butler Co., Pa , all persons haviug claims against
■aid estate will present tliem duly authenticated
for settlement and iny knowing themselves in
debted to said estate will make immediate pay
ment.
G. W BAITTLEY. 1 . . .
A * \ A ' LMR "•
Canwn Cfenfre Botler On. p*.
Advertise ta the OTTIZEN.
§ttlri €iffep»
VOL. XVIII.
CARPETS! OIL CLOTHS! MATS! RUGS' STAIR RODS
£ HEW STOCKt NEW STOCK! >
E-»
| HECK & PATTERSON'S |
; NEW CAHPET ROOM |
w ISTOW OPEN! '
H
g o«i@ Po©*. South off Qtatttictg g
Dafly's Klork, .eptao-tf Butler, P«, S
HIVXS iRLVW iSHJ.OIOUO iSXSJHVO
HOLIDAY PRESENTS !
GRAND DISPLAY THIS WEEK AT
Rosenbaum & Co.'s,
112, HJfy 116, Market Street, Cor. Liberty Street,
PITTSBURGH, PA.
-EXDIR, BUY
KID GLOVES,
p o SILK UMBRELLAS,
1 10. ALPACA UMBRELLAS,
LEATHER SATCHELS,
PORTM ON NIES,
PRESENTS GENT S CARD CASES,
SILK MUEFLERS,
SILK HANDKERCHIEFS.
LINEN HANDKERCHIEFS,
PRESENTS HEMSTITCHED HANDKERCHIEFS,
EMBROIDERED IIANDKEKCHIEFS,
MOTTO HANDKERCHIEFS,
p-p JEWELRY BOXES,
I i\JiO H.IS I O. BREAST PINS,
CUFF BUTTONS,
PRTTQI?VTS SCARF PINS,
r KJlibiilN 1 S. UNDERWEAR,
SILK SUSPENDERS,
CARDIGAN JACKETS,
PRESENTS. SgSS,
SCISSORS, KNIVES,
imrcmTrro ' LADIES'FANCY SETS,
PRESENTS. • FUR SETS, FUR CAPS,
TRIMMED HATS AND BONNETS.
ISIF" And 1,000 other useful Presents at Immense LOW PRICES-
HOTELS
GR ANDBO CLE VARD HOTEL
Corner 59 th St. & Broadway,
NEW YORK.
On Both American and European Plans.
Fronting on Central I'ark, the Grand Boulevard,
Broadway ai.d Fifty-Ninth St., this Hotel occu
pies the entire square, autl was built ami fur
nished at an expense of over *400,000. It is one of
the most elegant as well as being the finest lo
cated lu the city ; has a passenger Elevator and
all modern improvements, and is within one
square of the depots of the Sixth and Eighth
Avenue Elevated K. R. r.irs and still nearer to the
Broadway cars—convenient and accessible from
all parts of the citv. Rooms with board, 12 per
day. Special rates for families and permanent
guests. E. HASKELL, Proprietor.
-J- HE BBHREIBER HOUSE.
L NICKLAS. Prop'.,
MAIN STREET, BUTLER, PA.
Having taken poseesion of the above well
town Hotel, and it being furnished in the
best of style for the accomodation of guests, the
public ire respectfully invited to give me a call.
I have also possession of the barn in rear of
hotel, which furnishes excellent stabling, ac
comodations for my patrons.
L NICKLAB.
LIBERAL OFFERS
FOR 1881.
Two Yeais for llie Price of One!
THE REFRINTS OF
THE BRITISH QUARTERLY
(Evangelical),
LONDON QUARTERLY
( Conservative),
EDINBURGH ( Whig),
AND
WETMINSTER {Liberal),
BKVXKWt,
AND
Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine,
Presont the best foieign periodicals in a conven
ient form and without abridgement or alteration.
Terms of Subscr'ption, Including Postaoe.
Blackwood or any one ona Review $ 400 per
Blackwood and any one Review 7 00 annum
Blac wood and two Reviews 10 00
Blackwood and three Reviews .3 00
Any two lieviewu 7 00
Any three Reviews 10 00
The four Reviews 12 00
Blackwood and the four Reviews 15 00
These are about half the prices charged by the
English Publishers.
Circulars giving the Contents of the Periodi
cals for the year 1881. and many other particu
lars, maybe had on application.'
PREMIUMS :
New subscribers may have the numbers for
1880 and 1881 at the price of one year's subscrip
tion only.
To any subscriber, new or old, we will furnish
the periodicals for 1873 at half price.
All orders to be sent to the publication office.
To secure premiuns applv promptly.
The Leonard Scott Publishing Co.,
41 Barclay SI., New York.
ORPHANS' COURT SALE!!!
Pursuant to an order of the Orphans Court of
Butler County, ther>- will be exposed to public
sale on the premises, in Worth township, But
ler County, Pa., on
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17th,
1881, at one o'eloek, p. M , the following de
scribed real estate, late ot George Vegan, dee'd,
to wit: All that eertsin piece or tract ot land
situate in Worth township, Butler County, Pa.,
bounded on the north by land 6 ot Edwnrd Sut
lift and Henry Sutlitl. On the east by lands of
heir.- of John Vogan Ou the south br lands of
John Link and public road, and on the west by
lands oi F. Albiu et a)., containing
TWENTY-ONE ACRES AND EIGHTY
PERCHES,
more or less. About ten acres cleared, log
house thereon erec i>d. good orchard ot bearing
fruit trees. This piece of land is ibout two
n iles from West Liberty, and is convenient to
churches, sohools and stores.
TERMS—One-thltd on confirmation ol sale,
the remainder in two equal installments, with
interest from date of sale--said installments to
be tccured by bond aud mortgage.
A DAM PrsOß, Adm'r
Postofflce—Jacksville, Bullar Co., Pa.
WANTED!
5,000 ft. Cherry aud Maple Boards in thiok
5,000 ft- Poplar aud Oak Boards, In. thick.
5,000 ft Maple and Cherry Plank 2 in. thick.
5,000 lei t of Chestnut hoards, 1 l-Bth in. thi< k.
2.000 ft. Ash Plank, 1 5-8 inches thick.
2.0C0 ft Ash and Cherry Bcantilng 3*3 in thick
at the Furniture Factory
WM. F: MILLER.
Union Woolen Mill,
BUTLER, PA.
II FdI.LEHTOX. Prop'r.
Manufacturer ol BLANKETS, FLANNELS, YAKNB,
&c. Also custom work done to order, such as
carding Rolls, making Blankets, Flannels Knit
ting and Weaving Yarns, &c., at very low
prices. Wool worked on the shares, it de
, sired. my7-ly
A. Haffner,
BUCCEBSOR TO
H BAUER IBROS.
BVTI.Ett, PA.,
PLANING MILL
AND
Lumber Yard,
MANUFACTURER AND DIALER IN
Hough and Planed Lumber
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION,
DOORS,
SASH,
FRAMES,
MOULDINGS,
SIDING,
FLOORING,
BATTENS,
Brackets, Gauged Cornice Boards,
PORCH POSTS,
STAIR RAILS,
NEWELL POSTS & BALUSTERS,
FENCE PALINGS, Ac., Ac.
MICHIGAN SHINGLES
Barn Boards, Plasteriog Lath, Hem
lock Bill Stuff, of all kinds,
constantly on hand,
All of which I will sell on reasonable
terms and guarantee satisfaction.
Planing Mill and Lumber Yard on
Jefferson street, Butler, Pa.
ldecly A. HAFFNER.
Jury List for .11 nrcli Term 1881
GRAND JURORS I'OR WEKK COMMENCING
MONDAY, MARCH 7TH.
Adams—John Johnston, George Kauffman.
Allegheny—J.l. Wilson.
Butler—George llelle.
Buffalo—John M. Crumpe.
Brady—John Stem.
Butler borough—Lewis Keck.
Concord—Robert Kinser.
Connoquenessing S. P. Dodds.
Cherry—F. B. Young.
Cramberry—Cyrus Harper, William John
son, Sr.
Centre—Uriah Albert.
Clearfield—Hugh D. McCrea.
Fairview borough—ll. C. Black.
Jackson—Adam Louutz.
Jefferson —James Arthurs.
Karns City—W. S. Williams.
Mercer—James Buchannan.
Oakland—Egid N« ff, James Thornberry.
Washington—G. W. Meals.
TRAVERSE JURORS FOR WEEK COMMENCING
MONDAY, MARCH 14, 1881.
Allegheny—A. f. Williams.
Adams—Samuel Bel four.
Brady—Jasper Convert.
Butler —Adam Sehenck, J. S. White.
Clearfield—W. Pipe. Esq.,
Cherry—George llookenberry, J. 11. Varner,
Isaac Hall, Thomas Christy.
Clinton—E. E. Maurhoff, George M. Gibson,
Thomas Hay.
Connoquenessing—W. 11. Blakely.
Clay —Thomas McDivite.
Donegal—James Benson, William Eminger,
Isaiah Reep.
Franklin—W. J. Barkley, James Y. Eng
lish.
Forward- —Martin Behm.
Fairview—Daniel Eyman.
Fairview borough—Wm. Patton.
Jackson—Wm. I 'unean, Jr., Win. Cooper.
Jefferson—Patrick Sheilds Charles Lensner.
Lancaster —Georgo Dindinger.
Millerstown—Win. Barnhart.
Mercer—Abrnm Low.
Middlesex—Wm. Syder, John R. Logan.
Marion—Jacob Killerman, Michael Mc-
Laughlin.
Muddvcreek—Samuel Burnsides, Dinwiddie
McCullough.
Oakland—John Whitmire, Sr., F. 11. Mon
nia, W. J. Robb.
Parker—J. W. Smith.
Penn—Joseph 1). Brown.
Saxonburg—Herman Murie:".
Summit—Robert <rilleland, Esq.,
Venango—Find ley Kohlmeyer, John Mc-
Collough.
Worth—J. W. Taggart.
Zelienople—James Wallace.
L. M. ( OCIIRAU,
Livery, Sale, Feed and Exchange
STABLE,
Rear of Lowry House, • • BUTLER, PA,
hinf4-ly
FOR SALE.
A Fine Single Sleigh, made in the
latest style, swell bed. Also a fine two
horse sleigh can be bongtit cheap.
Terms caßy. Inquire at Citizen office.
BUTLER, PA., WEDNESDAY. FEBRrARY 9. 1881
MRS. LYDIA E. PINKHAM.
OF LYNN, MASS.
DISCOVERER OP
LYDIA E. PINKHAM'B
VEGETABLE COMPOUND.
The Positive Core
For all Female Complaints.
Thii preparation u Its IULH« irignjflM, consists of
Vetf•tAblo Propvi-tiss that are LarmK *a to the moot del
icate Invalid. Upon one trial the meriu of thia Com
pound will be recogrnized, as relief is immediate ; and
when Its use is continued, in ninety-nine cases in a hun.
dred, a permanent euro Is •ffectod.os thousands will to*
tify. On account of its proven merits, it is to-day re>
•ommemled and prescribed by the best physicians In
th« country.
It will eure entirely the worst form of falling
of the uterus, Leucorrhcea, irrcjjuLir and painful
Menstruation, all Ovarian Troubles, Inflammation and
Ulceration, Flooding*, all Displacements and the con
sequent spinal weakness, and is especially adapted to
the of life. It will dissolve and expel tumort
from the uterus in an early stage of development. The
tendency to cancerous.' umors there is checked very
speedily by its use.
In fact it has proved to be the great
est and best remedy that lias ever been discover
ed. It permeates every portion of the system, and skives
new life and vigor. It removes faintness,flatulency, de
stroys all craving for stimulants, an 1 relieves weakness
of the stomach
It cures Bloating, Headaches, Nervous Prostration,
General Debility, Sleeplessness, Depression and Indi
gestion. That feeling of bearing down, causing pain,
weight and backache, is always permanently cured by
its use. It will at all times, and under rll circumstan
cen, act In harmony with the law that governs the
female system.
Tor Kidney Complaints of either sex this compound
Is unsurpassed.
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
Is prepared at 253 and 255 Western Avenue, Lynn, Man.
Prioe SI.OO. Six bottles for $5.00. Bent by mail ia tiie
form of pills, also In the form of Lozenges, on receipt
of price, SI.OO, per box, for either. Mrs. FDfICHAIi
freely answers all letters of Inquiry. Send for pam
phlet. Address as above Mention this paper.
Ko family should be without LYDIA E. PINKHAM*
LIVER PILLS. They cure Constipation, Biliousness,
and Torpidity of the Liver. 25 c«nts per box
GEO. A. KELLY & CO.. General
AgeDts, Pittsburgh. Pa.
Sold by D. H. Waller, - Butler Pa.
™OP BITTERS?
(A Medicine, not a Drink.)
CO NT AI SB 1
HOPS, BUCHU, MANDRAKE, j
DANDELION,
ANDTHK PVRKST ASI> HKSTMEMOALQUALI
TIKS or ALL OTIIKX UlTTCktf.
TIIEY CURE
All Dtieaseiof the Stomach, Bowels. Blood,
Liver, Kidneys, and UrinaryOrftan«, Kcr- B
voluntas,Rlconle»«nes»aii(! especially b»
Female Complaint*.
SIOOO IN COLD. 3
■Will be for a case they will not cure
help, or (or un> thine Impure or Injurious
found in tli> m.
Aslc y.*>«r drupplut for Hop Bitters and try
them before you sleep. Take uo other.
D I. C. Is an absolute and Irreslstlhleour* for
ijrunkeunesa, use of opium, tobacco and
narcotics.
■MM SEXD FOB CIBCTLAB. BMM
All »bo*e 10M i'T dMir-:'tti.
Hop Bittm Uig. Ca., IV)cfa«tcr, N. V., Jc Toronto, Ont. '
TT3IE (3-T^/E-A-T
KIDNEY REGULATOR
AND DIURETIC.
KIDNEGEN is highly recommended and nn
curpjissed for WEAK of FOUL KIDNEYS, DROL'-
SY, BKIGHT'S DISEASE. LOSS of ENERGY.
NERVOUS DEBILITY, or anv OBSTRUCTIONS
arising FROM GRAVEL or BLADDER DISEASES.
Also for YELLOW FEVER, BLOOD and KIDNEY
POISONING, in infected 111 alanal sections.
T3E~BV llie ilist illation of a FOREST LEAF with
JUNII'FIR BERRIES and BARLEY MALT we
have discovered KIDNEGEN. which acts speci
fically on the Kidneys and Urinary Organs, re
moving deposits in the Bladdej and any straining,
smarting, heat or irritation in the water passage*
giving them strength, vigor anil causing a healthy
color and easy flow of urine. IT can be taken at
all times, in all climates, without injury to the
system. Unlike any other preparation for Kidney
difficulties, it has a very pleasant and agreeable
taste and flavor. It contains positive diuretic pro
perties and will not nauseate. Ladies especially
will like it, and Gentlemen will find KIDNEGEN
the besttKidney Tonic ever used !
NOTICE—Each bottle bears the signature of
LAWRENCE & MARTIN, also a Proprietary
Government Stamp, which permits KIDNEGEN
to be sold (without license) l>y druggists, groeera
and other persons every where.
Put up in Quart-size Bottles for General and
Family Use.
LAWRENCE & MARTIN, Prop'rs Chicago II
{39~SoUI by Druggists. Grocers and Dealers
everywhere, and by LAWRENCE & MARTIN, No.
6 Barclay St„ New Y'ork. octl3-ly
WILL IT CURE ME?
Said a man, whose woebegone counten
ance and broken-down constitution plain
ly showed traces ot disease*- A sufferer with
Nervous Dyspepslr, in whone stomach the
most delicate morsel lay like lead. Re
freshing sleep and quiet nerves were stran
ger! to turn, and he despaired of ever being
welt. We advised him to take
SIMMONS LIVER REGULATOR,
which he did, and in a short time was not
only relieved bnt cured.
Reader, if you are suffering with Dyspep
sia or Liver Disease in any form, do not
wait until the disease has taken a fast hold
upon you. but use the Regulator when the
symptoms first show themselves. SIM
MOSS LIVER REGULATOR is not an al
coholic stimulant, but a PURELY VEGE
TABLE REMEDY hat will cure when
every thing else fail-. It is a faultless fam
ily medieiue. Does not disarrange the
system. Is no violent drastic purge, but
nature's own remedy. The friend of eve
ryone. and will not dlsap|>oiiit you. A
single trial will convince YOU that it is the
cheapest, purest and best Family Medicine
in the world.
ASK the recovered dyspeptics, billious
sufferers, victims of fever anil ague, the
mercurial diseased patient how theey re
covered their Jiealtn, cheerful spirits' and
good appeiite— they will tell you by taking
Simmons Liver Regulator.
ASK YOUR DRUGGIST FOR
Simmons
Liver Regulator!
Original and genuine prepared only liy
J. 11. ZEILIX A CO., I'll 11 a.
Apr 2K-IY
JAMES J. CAMPBELL,
County Cuvonev.
Office In Fair-view borough, in Telegraph
Office.
TNILL BIIINWW P. 0.. Butlor Co., Pa.
O: F FT per day at home Samples worth
CV.) IU yZ\> JSS free. Addreta STOISOS A Co.,
Portland, Maine- deoK-lj
COUNTY AND TOWNSHIP
GOVERNMENT.
As there are a great many people
who do not fully understand the du
ties of the several county auu town
ship officers, elected in every county.
Professor George L. Marris has com
piled the following synopsis of their
several duties, which we think off suf
ficient interest to lay before our read
ers :
COUNTY GOVERNMENT—A county
is a corporate body, having power to
hold real estate and personal property.
It may make contracts within the lim
its of its corporate powers, and it may
sue and be suc J .. The corporate
powers are exercised by the County
Commissioners.
THE OFFICERS of a coanty are the
Judges of the Courts, County Com
missioners, District Attorney, Clerk of
the Courts, Prothonotary, Sheriff,
County Treasurer, Recorder of Deeds,
Register of Wills, County Superin
tendent of Schools. Coroner, Auditors,
County Surveyor, Overseers of the
Poor, Jury Commissioners
Cns JUDGES OF THE COURTS are
elected for ten years. They preside
over the several courts of the county,
viz: Ist. The Court of Common
Pleas; 2d. The Court of Quarter Ses
sions of Peace; 3d. The Court of
Oyer and Terminer and General Jail
Delivery; 4th. The Orphans' Court.
THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, or,
"Common Pleas," as it is generally
called, has jurisdiction in all civil cases
within the county, that is, in ali cases
of dispute between man and man not
not of a criminal character.
THE COURT OF QUARTER SESSION
OF THE PEACE, or "Quarter Sessions,"
as the name is usually given, tries all
crimes, misdemeanors and offences
against the laws of the Commonwealth
except those ever which the Oyer and
Terminer has exclusive jurisdiction ;
all high crimes, such as murd«r, trea
son against the Commonwealth, rob
bery, mayhem, arson and burglary,
are tried in the Oyer and Terminer,
which differs from the Quarter Ses
sions only in the form of trial, the
former adhering to the old forms of
trial inherited from old English laws.
THE ORPHANS' COURT has jurisdic
tion oyer the settling up of the estates
of decedents, over the appointment etc.,
of guardians of minors and the settle
ment of their accounts.
JURORS. —A grand jury is usually
composed of twenty-three (23; men,
but may be composed of any number be
tween twelve (12) and twenty-three
(23) inclusive. It does not try cases
but only determines whether there is
sufficient evidence to warrant putting
the defendent on trial, in criminal
cases.
PETTIT JURIES are composed of
twelve (12) men each. They try all
matters of fact in criminal prosecution.
TRAVERSE JURIES try civil cases.
Trial by jury is inviolate, when the de
mand of the plaintiff is S2O or more.
This is secured by the Constitution of
the United States, uot by State en
actment, trial by jury may be demand
ed in Pennsylvania when the amount
of claim exceeds $5.33.
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. —There are
three County Commissioners in each
county, and they are elected for a term
of three years.
It is their duty to levy the county
taxes and determine the tax rate.
They must keep in repair the Court
House, jail and work-houses, and
build new ones when properly author
ized to do so. They must also build
county bridges and keep them in re
pair. Road damages, assessed to pro
perty owners for lands taken for new
roads or streets within the country, on
warrant of the Commissioners.
All bills against the county must be
approved by them before they are paid
by the county treasurer.
The law also requires the County
Commissioners to publish a statement
of all receipts and expenditures at the
close of each fiscal year.
DISTRICT ATTORNEY. —The District
Attorney shall sign all bills of indict
ment and conduct in Court all crim
inal prosecutions in the name of the
Commonwealth.
lie is paid by fees, partly out of the
county funds and partly by individu
als.
CLERK OF THE COURTS. —The Clerk
of the Courts is clerk of the Criminal
Courts. He must keep judgment dock
ets for the entry of all judgments of
these respective Courts in the order of
time.
This officer also keeps a record of
the jurymen drawn, and certifies the
time of the attendance of each to the
County Commissioners. All papers
appertaining to the opening, widening
and vacating of roads must be kept by
him in road dockets.
The Orphans Court Docket contain
a record of the accounts of guardians
of orphans, executors, administrators,
etc., after they are confirmed by the
Court.
PROTHONOTARY.,— The name Pro
thonotary means "first clerk;" this
officer is clerk of the Court of Common
Pleas. All civil actions for more than
SIOO usually originate from thisjoffice.
Until recently all claims *br more than
SIOO had to originate in the office of
he Prothonotary, but by a recent act of
the State Legislature, an action for an
amount less than S3OO may originate
in this office or by suit before a Jus-'
tice of the Peace. The whole record
of each civil suit arising in the office of
the Prothonotary is kept in the office.
All judgments are entered in the order
of time.
The Prothonotary may enter judg
ment at the instance of the plaintiff
upon confession of the defendant.
THE SHERIFF is the executive officer
of the Court. All writs issued to him
by the Court must be executed by him,
and return made to the Court. He
and the Jury Commissioners draw the
names of jurors and the Sheriff give 3
them notice to attend Court. He gives
notice of general elections. lie is also
an officer of the peace and may make
arrests for breach of the peace coming
with his knowledge.
THE COUNTY TREASURER receives
all moneys due the county and pays
the same on warrants drawn by tho {
County Commissioners. He alsore
ceive6 taxes due the Commonwealth,
such as hotel and mercantile licenses,
1 and pays the same to the State Treas
urer.
THE RECORDER OF DEEDS shall re
cord all deeds, mortgages and convey
ances appertaining to his office, which
shall be brought to him for that pur
pose. He must enter every deed or
writing in the order of the time in
which it is brought to him. Every
deed should be on record within six
months of the time at which it was
made. It is very important that mort
gages should be on record as soon as
delivered, as they take precedence ov» i
each other in the order of the time in
which they are placed upon record.
Purchase-money mortgages when en
tered within sixty days, take prece
dence of others previously entered sub
sequently to said purchase and sale
REGISTERS OF WILLS grant letters
testamentary and letters of Adminis
tration. He examines and files the ac
counts of executors, guardians and
trustees of life estates. Wills are ad
mitted to probate, recorded aud filed
bp him. Letters of administration are
due first to the widow, next to the son
in the order of their age, then to the
daughters in like order. In case the
defendant leaves neither widow nor
children, parents, brothers and sisters
are next entitled.
A COLLATERAL inheritance tax of 5
per cent, is due the State upon estates
not descending to lineal heirs. The
widows' portion is, however, excepted.
THE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT OF
SCHOOLS must visit the public schools
of the county as often as practicable,
note the course and methods of instruc
tion, and give directions in methods of
teaching. He must see that in every
school district, the common branches
shall be taught. He must examine
teachers and make an annual report to
the Superintendent of Public Instruc
tion. He must also hold the County
Institute each year.
COUNTY AUDITOR.—There are three
auditors in each county ; they must as
semble on the first Monday of January
in each year, and audit, settle and ad
just the accounts of the County Com
missioners, County Treasurer, Direc
tors of the Poor and Prison Inspectors.
THE CORONER must inquire, when
any person is slain, dies suddenly or
in prison, concerning the manner of
the death; this he does by a jury of
six men whom he is empowered to
summon.
THE COUNTY SURVEYOR surveys un
patented lands.
JURY COMMISSIONERS.—There are
two Jury Commissioners, who, in con
junction with the Judge of the Courts,
fill the jury wheel with names; these
names are drawn from time to time by
the Sheriff, in the presence of the jury
commissioners, as there is need ofjury
men for the sessions of the courts.
OVERSEERS OF THE POOR.—There
are three Overseers of the Poor They
have general supervision of the poor
of their respective boroughs and town
ships. The expense is paid by the
borough or township.
A TOWNSHIP IS A QUASI-CORPORA
TJON It may hold property within
the scope of its corporate powers. A
township may be sued as an individu
al. The corporate powers are vested
ia the supervisors.
OFFICERS OF A TOWNSHIP. —Justice
of the Peace, Constable, Supervisors,
Assessors, Judge and Inspectors of
Elections, Tax Collector.
There are two Justices of the Peace
in each township, or borough, elected
for five years. The Justice has juris
diction in civil cases, when the amount
in question does not exceed SIOO, by
recent act of assembly this jurisdiction
may be extended to sums not exceed
ing S3OO by consent of the interested
parties. His decision is final when
the demand of the plaintiff does not ex
ceed $5.33. He must keep dockets, in
which he enters the facts concerning
all cases tried by him The Justice is.
as the name implies, a peace officer,
and he may issue warrants for the ar
rest of all law-breakers upon written
complaint on oath or affirmation. He
may require the party charged with
any crime to give bail for his appear
ance at Court. It is also a part of his
duty to marry persons.
THE CONSTABLE is elected annually.
He is the executive officer of the Jus
tice of the Peace, as the Sheriff is the
executive officer of the Court.
He makes arrests on warrants from
the justice and for breach of the peace
or crime coming under his own observ
ation. He must give notice of towu
ship elections at least ten days in ad
vance thereof.
He must also give notice to the
Court of the place in which intoxicat
ing liquors are sold contrary to law ;
also of gambling houses within his
township.
He may expose to sale the goods of
the defendant, to raise money to satis
fy a debt, etc.
SUUPERVISORS. —There are usually
two supervisors in each township,
elected annually. Their duties are to
open roads and keep them in repair, to
make "bridges over small creeks, rivu
lets and deep gullies."
They must erect index boards at
cross roads, with names of places to
which said roads lead. A penalty of
$lO may be imposed for neglect or re
fusal to do so.
THE ASSESSORS make out a list of
the names of all taxable inhabitants of
the township, also on account of the
real estate, personal property, offices of
profit, professions, trades and occupa
tions of the citizens. This list is made
the basis for the assessment of taxes.
THE TOWN CLERK enters a descrip
tion of stray cattle, etc. When such
cattle come to the residence of a citi
zen he should call upon the town clerk
and give him a full description of them
and advertise for the owner. If he
cannot be found they may be sold to
pay expenses.
SCHOOL DIRECTORS. —There are six
school directors in each township or
borough, unless otherwise provided by
special enactment. They have entire
charge of the school property of dis
trict, employ all teachers and collect
the school tax.
They must establish a sufficient nuw-
ber of schools for the education of eve
ry individual of school age.
They must provide out of the school
funds a suitable bookcase, for library
obtained for the school and for school
books in the schools. They must pub
lish annually a statement of the receipts
and expenditures of the year.
The Judge and inspectors of elec
tions hold the elections and couut the
votes.
Correspondence of BI'TI.ER CITIZEN.
THE ALMS HOUSE QUESTION.
MESSRS. EDITORS: —As for further
reasons why I am in favor of a county
alms house, I would say:
4. The maintenance of the poor
should have respect to the proprieties
and decencies of civilized society.
That a person has become indigent
is no reason why he or she should be
subject to contemptuous or indecent
treatment. The tendency of society—
though it is not creditable—is to look
down upon the poor at any rate, and
when oue has become dependency poor
that tendency is increased. There is
not a pauper in any district in this
county, nor is this county an exception
—that is treated with the same cour
tesy and consideration that he received
before he became a pauper, no matter
"What the cause that made him poor
Or why he help demands."
The very fact that he is "on the town
ship," or borough stamps him, in the
estimation of many with a kind of in
famy ; nor is the case modified if the
pauper is a female. Does any one
know the tauuts and insults they re
ceive if they go abroad alone eyen on
the public highway ?
Some of them have places where
they are respected and protected;
many others live where they receive
no regard and where they are often sub
ject to insult and even violence ; and if
they are reckoned as we»k minded,
which is often the fact, their case is
more pitiable and intolerable.
A properly conducted alms house is
a refuge for them aud its precincts give
them latitude enough for exercise and
recreation with all the security and pro
tection theyj need.
5. The maintenance of the indigent
poor should not be without some pru
dent regard to their spiritual welfare.
I will venture the assertion, that in
securing places for the poor, as it now
is, no respect at all is had to their
spiritual interests. The matter is to
find them places as cheaply as possible
and that is about the only matter. I
will not say that an absolutely bad
family would be preferred simply be
cause it made the lowest bid ; but I do
say and insist that the price of the
keeping is the principal thing, and if
the family making the lowest bid is not
notoriously irreligious the lowest price
settles the place.
Evt_n if the family is religious there
are, in many instances, many reasons
in their estimation, why it is not suita
ble for their charge to attend church,
or if it is some distance to church it is
easy to frame a reason why it is not
convenient to convey theircharge thith
er ; aud then in mauy cases such poor,
knowing that they are paupers, become
so diffident that they will not attend a
place of public worship atall. I would
not force religion upon them and yet
they must be cared for spiritually and
should have such opportunities as arc
suited to their circumstances and con
dition.
In an alms house properly regulated
there is not only suitable provision
made for the bodies but also for the
souls of the inmates. That religion
at whose instance they are cared for
is commended as worthy of their at
tention, and that Christ who came to
preach the gospel to the poor, is com
mended as their best friend, which is
certainly not only appropriate, but also
right.
6. The maintenance of the indigent
poor should have respect to their hu
mane treatment in case of sickness, and
to their decent interment in the event
of death.
I will not allege anything against
the present system on this count; not,
however, because I cannot; but 1
will say that only in a well regulated
alms house can the poverty-stricken,
suffering, dying and dead ones have
that attention, treatment and care that
they should have under the peculiar
circumstances that surround them.
I speak of a well regulated, well
conducted alms house, of course. We
do not advocate any other; and this
reminds me, Mr. Editor, that in an
editorial note in your paper of the 10th
ult, you say: "Whether or not a
county poor house or farm would be a
benefit to the poor and a saving to the
county, would depend entirely upou
how it is established and how it is
managed."
The two principal things involved
in this question you state correctly to
be : 1. The benefit to the poor, and 2,
the saving to the county. The former,
I think I have established. It certain
ly would be a benefit to the poor, and
such a benefit too as in all charity,
humanity and justice the poor should
have. The matter of the saving to
the county, I have not especially
argued and until I can procure suffi
cient data I cannot argue it as I wish ;
but that the benefit to the poor and
the saving to the county depend upon
how it is established and managed, is
a matter that is self evident; though
I cannot see why Butler county can
not find Commissioners who can es
tablish and manage an alms house in
such a way as to make it, in both
these respects, a complete success.
The saving to the county, with your
leave, I may consider at another time.
HUMANITAS.
THE SENSE OF SPACE. —At a recent
meeting of the French Society of Bio
logy M. Mathias Duval reported what
he believed to be an important discov
ery in relation to the origin of the audi
tory nerve. He finds, in the course of
his researches upon the origin of the
cranial nerves, that the auditory nerve
has two quite distinct roots, the poster
ior one proceeding from a nucleus, de
scribed by all authors, the other' ante
rior, proceeding from a nucleus for mo
tor fibers. Some fibers of the anterior
I root turu back iuto the cerebellum.
ADV£IiTISL\U KATKh,
Or.e sqnaro, one n.oert.xn. fl : etch ml r-e
quent inset tioo. CO cents. Veil ly vh tititcnulit
exoeeding cne-fourth of a column, (l> j crn ch
Figure wort double there rales; Bdditioua
charges where weekly or monthly cl angos »ra
made Local advertisements 10 cents per lin*
for firet mt-ertion, ard 5 cents per line for each
additional insertion. Marriages and deaths pub
lished free of charge. Obituary i.oticee charged
as advcrUtcmcnts. and payable" when handed in
Auditor*' Notice*. f4 ; Executors' end Adminis
trator»' Noticw. #S each ; Kstray. Caution
Di.-v>«ulutioti Notices, not exceeding ten line*,
each.
From the fact that the CITIZK.N ie the oldis'
established and most extensively circulated R«
fmblican newspaper county, (a Repnb
ican county) it must be apparent' to buhine*»
men that it is the medium they should use ii>
advertising their business.
. NO. 12
NE M r S TOR Y AliOU T LINCOLN
The editor of the St. Louis Repub
lican, Democratic, tells a new story of
President Lincoln to the effect that
during the early part of the war when
Mr. Lincoln was not moving fast enough
to suit the more advanced leaders, and
when he was still regarded by some a*
merely a good-natured, well meaning
Illinois lawyer, needing the constant
supervision and advice of experienced
statesmen, Senator Sumner called ono
day to furnish his share of the advice,
lie,talked long, learnedly, and, as usua' f
rather dictatorial!}'. Lincoln heard him
through, smiliug occasionally, but mak
ing no remark. But when the stream
of Senatorial eloquence finally stopped,
he said to the utter amazement of his
distinguished guest: "Stand up, Sum
ner, and let's measure backs." Sum
ner stood up, with all th'i reluctance of
offended dignity, and the two backs
were brought in contact. "Ah," said
Lincoln when the measuring was end
ed' "my back is a good deal longer than
yours, Sumner; yes a good deal long
er." The interview was speedily term
inated,and as the door closed on the
tall form, Lincoln remarked, as if
soliloquizing, to a friend present: "Sum
ner's a smart man, a mighty smart
man. What an educatiou he's got. I
wish I had such a one. Sumner ought
to be King of Prussia; the place would
just suit him."
"XfH FaiiKled Xotious"
may not work injury to people when
they relate to matters of little conse
quence, but when entertained as to
what we shall take when afflicted with
serious disease they may lead to dear
experience. Don't therefore trifle with
diseases of the blood manifested by
eruptions, blotches, scrofulous and oth
er swellings and grave symptoms, but
take that well tested :ind efficacious
remedy, Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical
Discovery—the greatest blood-purifier
of the age. It the bowels are very cos
tive use also Dr. Pierce's Pellets (lit
tle sugar-coated pills).
CURES FEVER AND AGUE.
PLEASANT VALLEY, JO Davies C 0.,)
111., March 31st, 1879. )
Dr. li. V. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y.:
DEAR SIR:—I write this to inform
you that my child, one year old has
been permanently cured of the fever
and ague in a weeks time, and the use
of but half a bottle of your Golden
Medical Discovery. My wife a long
sufferer from liver complaint and billi
ousness, by the use of the Discovery
and Pellets has been entirely relieved-
The Discovery has never disppointed
us for coughs aud colds. Yours truly,
JAMES STRICKELL.
It is truly said that there is only one
way not to get cheated in a horse trade,
and that is not to buy the horse.
It is positively guaranteed cure, for
Diabetes, Gravel, Dropsy and every
form of Bladder and Kidney trouble,
DAYS KIDNEY PAD.
It is more comfortable to keep house
on the point of a cambric needle than
to live in a fashionable set and not be
jn the fashion.
It is all very well to talk poetically
about the slender thread of fate, but the
ugly truth is that a man's fate general
ly depends on the number of hours of
honest work he puts into every day.
Over 500,000 bottles of Dr. Bull's
Cough Syrup are sold every season,
and thousands of persons saved from
an untimely grave. The price is 25
cents.
It is said that when Edmond About
wrote his book, "The Story of an Hon
est Man," he searched in vain for a mod
el, and was at last compelled to draw
the character from his imagination.
Persons prematurely gray can have
their hair restored to its youthful beau
ty, by using Hall's Vegetable Sicilian
Hair Kenewer, the best article in the
market.
If profession instead of practice would
carry a man to heaven then both heav
en and the other place would be filled
with a very mixed company. They
would have to be sorted all over again.
The more costly the shoes which
parents buy for their children, the more
important is it that they should be pro
tected at the toe by the beautiful A. S.
T. Co. Black Tip, as they double the
wearing value of the shoe, while giv
ing it a neat appearance.
Some people have, perhaps uncon
sciously, a way of habitually rubbing
the fur the right way and making
everything smooth, while others, equal
ly unconscious, always rub it the wrong
way and live in the midst of a perpetual
snarl and growl.
The gift to give to your enemy is for
giveness; to your opponent, tolerance;
to a friend, your heart; to your child,
a good example ; to a father, deference;
to your mother, conduct that will make
her proud of you ; to yourself, respect;
to all men, charity, and to the sick,
Simmons' Liver Regulator. T found it
excellent for sour stomach, indigeston,
dizziness aud headache. A. J. AD
KINS.
The poor Irishman may have noth
ing to eat, but he can't help showing
his humor. As a funeral passed the
corner one said to his fellow:—"Wei',
Pat, there's another man taking his af
ternoon ride." Pat pulled his slouched
hat over his eyes, and replied :—"True
for you, but nobody begrudges him his
good luck."
USEFUL LAW HINTS.—A note dated
on Sunday is void. If a note be lost
or stolen it does not release the maker ;
he must pay it. An indorsrr. of a note
is exempt .from liability if not served
with notice of its dishonor within
twenty-four hours of its nonpayrtient.
Each individual in partnership is re
sponsible for the whole amount of tbo
debts of the firm, except in cases of
special partnership Ignorance of law
excuses no one. An agreement with
out consideration is void. Signatures
in lead pencil are good in law A re
ceipt-for monoy is not legally conclu
sive. Contracts made on Sunday can
not l>e enforced. A contract made with
a minor is voidable. A contract made
' with a lunatic is void. Checks or.
drafts must be presented for payment
without unreasonable delay.