BUIMt'BIPTIOS BATES : Per year, in advance tl 60 Otherwise- 2 00 No subscription will be discontinued until all arrearages are paid. Postmasters neglecting to notity us when subscribers do not take out their papers trill be held liable for the subscription. Subscribe™ removing from one postoffico to another should give us the name of the former as well as the present office. All communications intended for publication in this paper must be accompanied by the real name of the writer, not for publication, but as a L-naiantee of good faith. Marriage and death notices must be accompa nied by a responsible name. Address THE BUTI-ER CITIZEN. BUTLER. PA. TBAVEIJEBS' GUIDE. BUTLER, KARNB CITT AND PARKBR RAILROAD (Butler Titue.) Trains leave Butler for St. Joe, Milleratown, Earns City, Petrolin, Parker, etc., at 7.25 a. m., anil 2.05 and 7.20 p. no. [See below for con nections with A. V R. R.) Trains arrive at Butler from the above named points at 7.15 a. m., ana 1.55, and 6.55 p. ra. The 1.65 train connects with train on the West Peun road through to Pittsburgh. Sunday trains arrive at 10 55 a. m. and 3.55 p. m., and leave at 11.10 a. m and 4.10 p. m. SHKNANGO AND ALLEGHENY RAILROAD. Trains leave Milliard's Mill, Butler county, for Harrisville, Greenville, etc., at 7.40 a. m. and 12.20 and 2.20 p. ID. Stages lea' e Petrolia at 5.30 a. ra. for 7.40 train, and at 10.00 a. ru. tor 12.20 traiu. Return stages leave Ililliard on arrival of trains at 10.27 a. in. and 1.50 p. m. Stage leaves Martinsburg at 9.30 for 12.30 train. p. c.. * L. E. R. n. . The morning train leaves Zelicnople at 6.11, Harmony 6.10 and Evanaburg at 6.32, arriving at Etna Station at 8.?'), and Allegheny at 9.01. The afternoon train leaves Zelienop'e at 1.26, Harmonv 1.31, Evansburg 1.53, arriving at Etna Station at 411 and Allegheny at 4.46. Trains connecting at Etna Station with this road leave Allegheny at 7.11 a. m. and 3.51 p. m. i By getting oil at Sharpsburp 6tation and crossing the bridge to the A. V. R. R., passen gers on the morning train can reach the Union depot at 9 o'clock. PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD. Trains leave Butler (Bailer or Pittsburgh Time.) Market at 5.11 a. in., goes through to Alle gheny, arriving at 9.01 a. m. This train con nects at Free port with Frecport Accommoda tion, which arrives at Allegheny at 8.20 a. m., railroad time. Express at 7.21 a. m , connecting at Butler Junction, without change of cars, at 8.26 wilh Express west, arriving In Allegheny at 9.5S a. m., and Express east arriving at Blairsville at 11.00 a. m. railroad time. Mail at 2.30 p. m., connecting at Butler Junc tionwithont change of cars, with Express wesl, arriving in Allegheny at 526 p. in., nnd Ex press east arriving at Blairsville Intersection at 6.10 p. m. railroad time, which connects with Philadelphia Kxpreig cast, when on time. Sunday Express at 4.00 p. ra., goes through to Allegheny, arriving at 0.06 p. m. The 7.2 L a. ra. train connects at Blairsville at 11.05 a. m. with the Mail east, and the 2.36 p.m. traiu at 6.59 with the Philadelphia Ex press east. Trains arrive at Butler on V\'e6t Penn R. R. at 9.51 a. m., 5.0*5 and 7.11 p. iu., Butler time. The 9,51 aud 5.06 trains connect with trains on the Butler & Parker R. R. Sun ay train arrives nt Butler at 11.11 a. m., connecting with train for Parker. Main Line. Through trains leave Pittsburgh lor the Eaf«. at 2.56 and 8.26 a. m. and 12 51, 4.21 and 8.06 p. m., arriving at Philadelphia at 8.40 and 7.20 p. ra. and 3.00, 7.0" and 7.40 a. ra.; at Baltimore about the same time, at New York three hours later, and at Washington abont one and a half hours later. FINANCIAL. ~ A. I. PROFITS —How to operate successfully in Stocks on $ 10, si-5, ?50, SIOO and upwards, by our new mar ginal system. Explanatory Book mailed gratis, upon application. CBARLES FOXWKLL, A CO., Bankets and Brokers, octls-lm 115 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. Ain I Ainnn {lnvested iu Wall Bt. stocks ibIII tQ u UUU! makeß fortuneß every ▼ ,w lv {month. Book sent free ex plaining everything. Address BAXTER <fc CO., Bankers, oct9 7 Wall street, N. Y. EDUCATION AL. Exclusively devoted to the practical educa tion of young and middle-aged men, for active business life. School always in session. Stu dents can enter at any time. for circular. J. C. SMITH, A. M., Principal, sept24-3m Pittsburgh, Pa. DENTISTS. DENTISTRY. 0 1 1 WALDRON. Graduate of the Phil- IE adelphia Dental College,is prepared • S% ■to do auything in the line of his profession in a satisfactory manner. Office on Main street, Butler, Union Block, nt> stairs, apll ■l » BANKS. THE BUTLER SAVINGS BANK BUTL.EK. PA. NEARLY OPPOSITE LOWRY HOUSE. # CAPITAL STOCK" 60,000. WM. CAMPBELL. JAS. D. ANDERSON. President. Vice President. Wat. CAHPBFXL, Jr., Cashier. DIRECTORS William Campbell, J. W. Irwin, Jas. D. Anderson, George Weber, Joseph L. Purvis. Does a General Banking & Exchange business. Interest paid on time deposits. Collections made and prompt returns at low rates of Exchange. Gold Exchange and Government Bonds bought and sold. Commercial paper, bonds, judgment and other securities bought at fair rates. 1a20:ly INSURANCE. BUTLER COUJSTY Mutual Fire Insurance Co. Office Cor. Main and Cunningham Sts. G. C. ROESSING, PRESIDENT. WM. CAMPBELL, TREASURER 11. C. IIEINEMAN, SECRETARY. DIRECTORS: J. L. Purvis, E. A. Ilehnboldt, William Campbell, J. W, Burkhart, A. Troutman, Jacob Schoene, G.C. Roessing, John Caldwell, Dr. W. lrviu, Barauel Marshall, J. W. Christy H. C. Helneman. JAS. T. M'JUNKIN, Gen. As't- BUTLER PA. ALL PARTIES GOING WEST TO lowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado or California, SHOULD GO VIA THE Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. ®3"Tickets can be had at all offices where Western tickets are sold. apl6-tf Union Woolen Mill, BUTLER, PA. II- FUI.LEKTO.V, Prop'r. Manufacturer of BLANKETS, FI.ASNELS, YARNS, Ac. Also custom work done to order, such as curding Rolls, inaklnir Flannels, Knit ting and Weaving Yarns, &c., at very low prices. Wool worked on the sLares, If de- I sired. my7-ly I ' ' 1 * 1 1' *~ VOL. XVI. NEW BOOTS SHOE STORE, TJIVK » BLOCK, Main Street, - - - - Butler, Pa- I]3o received Ills entire Block ol . FALL AND WINTER BOOTS & SHOES. As I have an unusually large and attractive stock of BOOTS «fc SHOES just opening, embracing 1 all the newest styles, I invite the attention and close scrutiny of buyers. Men's Kip and Calf Boots very cheap. Ladies', Misses' and Children's Button, Polish and Side Lace Boots in endless variety, and at bottom prices. 3,1 Reynolds Brothers' celebrated fine Shoes always in stock. Parties wanting BOOTS & SHOES made to order can do no better than by ma, as I keep none but the best of workmen in my employ. I also keep a large stock of LEATHER and FINDINGS. goods warranted as represented. Ali. RUFF. DON'T YOU BUY YOUR BOOTS & SHOES Until You Have First Examined the Styles, Stock and Prices A. T B. C. HUSELTON'S. His entire Fall and Winter stock is just opening at very low figures. This stock is unusually large in Men's, Boys' and Youth's Kip and Calf Boots, Grain Napoleon Boots, Rubber Boots, Brogans and Plow Shoes, Women's' Misses' and Children's Calf and Kip (unlined) Shoes. His Stock In Finer Lines is always large, embracing all the Latest Novelties in Boots and Shoes- old\adies' Warm Shoes a Specialty. A FULL ASSORTMENT OF LEATHER and TTITVI |2gr*These goods are all made by the very best manufacturers, and I will .guarantee them to give the best of satisfaction. Call and examine my stock and prices. 13. C. HUSELTON. "West Point Soiled "USTorks EGta.Tolisli.ecL 1535. No. 13 Water Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. FIRST PREMIUM STEAM STILLS, TANKS and SHEET I3OT WORE Of all descriptions to order on Shoit notice. Have on hand a large stock of Hew and Good Second Hand Boilers I REPAIRING DONE PROMPTLY.. :E=L. MTJ3NT3Fa.O3I3. SueCMier to WATSON & MUNROE. DAVIES & EVANS, MERCHANT TAILORS, SE&xnr BXKKKX. J HAVE JUST RECEIVED A CHOICE SELECTION OF Domestic & .Imported Goods. All our Goods are new and of the latest designs. We are both PRAC TICAL TAILORS, keep thoroughly posted in all that pertains to the art, and are thus enabled to guarantee to our patrons perfect satisfaction in neat ness of fit, elegance of style and excellence of woVkmanship. SCHOENECK & GLOSE, Cor. 10th St. & Penn Ave., PITTSBURGH, PA., Manufacturers and Dealers in all kinds of furniture:! Are offering this Fall Extraordinary Inducements to Purchasers. As they manufacture every article in their line, they arc enabled to sell at much lower prices than ai y other bouse west of New York, Do not fail to cu r l iu before purclia.-ing elsewhere, and examine tlieir large ai.d well displayed assortment ot Parlor, Chamber, Office and Dining Furniture. Kitchen Furniture of every description always on hand. Also, Mattresses of all kinds. Fur- Eiture U'adu to order aud satisfaction guaranteed iu every particular. scplO-Sm OVJSTEIt!^ E. REINEMAN & SON, Oyster Packers and Game Dealers, Sole Agents for the following -celebrated and reliable brands of Raw Oysters : CANS—JAMES E. STANSBURT'S SEA SIDK PIONEER BRAND ; VV. L. Ex, LIS & Co.V STAR BRAND; MOORE & BRADY'S DEEI' SEA BRAND SHELL—J. &J. W. EH.SWOIITU'3 NKW YORK SOUNDS ; SCHLEOIT & JAMIESON'S CAI-E MAT SALTS ; CAPT. GEORGE A. RADNOR'S HUNGAR'S CREEKS AND CHERRY STONES. The season for Oysters is now r pen, and from present indications the quality and supply will be good. We will at all times be prepared to siiip them in Onus, Tubs, or in the Shell, 'o any poiut where there are facilities lor delivery. The greatest care will be taken in preparing Oysters lor shipment, to Insure, as far aa practicable, their delivery in good condition. Our la cilities for handling FRESH OYSTJCRS are the best in our city, having large coolinir room aud refrigerator, built after the latest aud most approved pattern, thereoy fully completing our al ready ample arrangements lor filling orders, large or small. Parties ordering lrom us can de pend on getting strictly fresh stock at all times, as we receive by Express daily. PI.EJ.I-E SEND FOR PRICE LIST of our well-known above brands, which we will at all times supply to the trade at BALTIMORE PRICES, freights -ridded. We are determined that our brands shall not BE excelled, either in quality or fill of cai s, by nny other, during the season. Elaborate ond at tractive posters furnished gratis on up plication. We take the liberty of soliciting your patronage, promising ihat no exertion shall be spared to maintain the reputation won in parse vears. Yours respectfully, IE. IRvEXINriEIM!: A-IST &c SOHST, oclß-lmeow 170 LIBERTY STREET, PITTSBURGH, PA. FOB SALE. $5 will buy a one-hall interest in u bus iness in Pittsburgh. One who knows some thing about farmin<; preferred. AH honest man with the above amount will do well to address by letter, BMITII JOHNS, eare 8. M. James, 93 Liberty street; Pittsburgh, Pa. iau37-ly NICK CRILEY. PHOTOGRAPHER, (Iq old Sam Sykes Gallery,) deoll-Jy BUTLEIt, PA. BUTLER, PA., WEDNESDAY, .NOVEMBER 5, 1879. PHYSICIANS. JOHN E. BYERS," PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, mySl-ly] BUTLER, PA. LAND FOR SALE. Executors' Sale. The urdeisigned offer at private sale the farm of A. Troutman. Sr., situate in Penn town ship, Butler county, Pa., four miles south of the borough of Butler. This farm contains Acres, and is in a high state of cultivation. buildings thereon ; orchaid of 150 bearing lruit trees of the best quality: wejl watered ; well timbered ; all under good fence ; in fact olio of the best farms in Penn township. Also con venient to churches, and schoolhouse within 20 rods. All tillable land. Terms verv reasonable. Inquire of GEORGE TROUTMAN. or GEORGE WALTER, oct22-4t Executors. Rutler, Pa. T /•> TT Want a FARM or HOME, with j j YOU. independence and plenty in your old age, THE BEST THING IK THE WEST IS THE Atoliison, Topekn k Santa Fe R. R. LANDS IN KANSAS_. Circulars with map. giving full information, FREE. Address A. S. Johnson, Land Com r, Topeka, Kansas. octls-lm For h-ale. The well-improved farm of Rev. W. R. Hutch ison, in the northeast corner of Middlesex towu ship, Butler county, Pa . is now offered for sale low. Inquire of W. K. FRISBEE, on the prem ises. apl6tf 125 Acres of Land for Sale. A good Farm in Clinton township, Butler Co., Pa., containing about 125 acres, about 100 acres of which are cleared and the balance in good timber; good water and very good orchard ; can be had on very reasonable terms. Any person desiring such a farm can call upon or address for terms, the undersigned, living about miles south of Saxoubnrg and about six miles east of Bakerstown. JOHN B. MONTGOMERY. Riddles X Roads P. 0., Butler Co., Pa. septlltf For Sale! The undersigned, Assignee of A. K. Stough ton, offers for sale 15 Acres or f>an«l, situated about three-fourths of a mile southwest of Butler, on the plank road. The improve ments are a good frame dwelling house, l'ramo stable, 300 apple trees, peach, pear and plum trees and other email fruits. There is a good spring and a well on the premises. The land is cleared and under cultivation, and will be SOLD AT A SACRIFICE. For further information, inquire of Thomas Robinson, Butler, or the undersigned, at Slip peryrock. H. E. WICK, seplltf Assignee of A. K. Stonghton. 2.500,000CUKS I.AMI Situated in and near the UPPER ARKANSAS VALLEY, IN SOUTH WESTERN KANSAS, —ON THE-- Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R, R. 11 Years' Credit. 7 per cent- Interest. Tfe first payment at d ite or purchase Is one tenth of the priueipul and seven percent, inter est on the remainder. At the end of the tirst aud second year, only the interest at seven per cent, is paid ; and the third year, and each year thereafter, one-tenth ot the principal, with seven per etut. Interest on the balacee, is paid annually uutil tbe whole is paid. Six years' credit, ~!0 per cent, discount. Two years' credit, 30 per cent, discount. Cash purchase, S3 1-3 per cent, discount. The valley of the Upper Arkansas is justly celebrated for • its adaptability to WHEAT RAISING and the superior ouaiitv of its irrain. As a STOCK-RAISING and WOOL-GROWING country, it ofleis advantages that cannot be ex celled. Good soil, abundance of pure water, a mild and remarkably healthy climate, with low prices and easy terms, make up a total of in ducements greater than is offered anywhere else on the continent of America. For lull particulars, inquire of or addres3 C. A. SEYMOUR, General Eastern Passenger Agent, my2l-ly] 419 Broadway. N. Y. 199 Main St, liutlalo, N. Y. LI VERY. LIVEKY STABLE! jtr-. Having leased the Livery Stable si-- —— kT~~ formerly occupied by George A-. VI Walter, in the rear of the Yo- M gfcley House, Butter, Pa., and removed ALL MY STOCK to it. including Horses. Carriages. Buggies, <tc., the public are solicited to give me a call. All my stock is in first-class order, and per sons wishing to hire will bo accommodated oil the most reasonable terms, and at the shortobt notice. [oc22-3m] GEORGE BAUER. filE «I.I» STAMM LIVERY STABLE. The public are respectfully informed that I have now taken tlio entire possession of the Old Stand LIVERY STABLE, formerly known an Uickcl & Co., ou West Cun ningham street, Butler, Fa. Horses and Vchicles are all first-class and in good order. Punctual attendance given to customers and others at all hours. The books of the firm of Bickel & Bauer are with me for settlement. oct22-2m HENRY BIOKKL. Livery, Feed snd Sale STABLE, Cunningham St., near Heiueman's Bookstore, BUTLER, PA. A 'urge number of first-class rigs and safe lioifes always or; hand. Horses fed at reasona ble rates. Horses bought and sold. DAVID CUPPS, PIIOPRIET OR. july3otf Ij. 31. COCHRAN, Livery, Sale, Feed and Exchange STABLE, Rear of Lowry House, - - BUTLER, PA. june4-ly gPA T OHM For mending Tin. Brass, Copper, I.ead oor Iron without acid or soldering iron. Any lady or child can mend with it. ■■ Will send one sample Plate by mail \ (with directions) that will cut *■ inch square patches on leeeipt of 25 ■■ cents, S for £l. 100 for sll'. (Postage ' ' utauips received as cash.) AGKNTs A WANTED. Can carry one day's stock r in yonr pocket. Sales will yield S3 to ™ sls per day. Our C 4 page Illustrated J 0 Catalogue of Chromos. Jewelry, Nov elties. Stationary. A*c., FREE. Ad- -A dreuH CITY NOVET.TY CO., [ j 119 South Bth St., Philadelphia, Pa. Sr Mention this paper. oetls-lm L J Good Houics in Central Missouri Can be obtained ou the best terms, through the Callaway County Immigration Society. For full particulars address the President, WM. H. octls-3m Fultoli, nlo. THE QUINCY EXPERIMENT. The experiment in common school education made at the Massachusetts town of Quincy, is worth the atten tion of all teachers. Quincy is the home of the Adams family, and that is a family fond of looking after public affairs and reforming things about them. Therefore Mr. Charles Fran cis Adams, Jr., has taken interest in the improvement of the Quincy schools, and according to his report they are unquestionably better for what has been done to them within four or five years past. When the School Committee put the pupils to the test to see just how much they were getting from their instruction, which was furnished them at a cost of more than §l9 a head an nually, they found that the knowledge acquired was only superficial, that the scholars were set to learn certain cut aud-dried tasks, and the measure of their proficiency was their ability to give parrot-like answers to ques tions on them. They got training of the memory, but so far as concerned any real understanding of their studies and the capacity to use what they had been taught, they were shamefully de ficient. The teachers performed their work in a perfunctory way, following the precedents of many years, and the youngsters committed facts, rules, and exceptions to memory without any great interest in what they were doing, and without any proper idea of what it all meant. Their time was spent in cramming their heads with undi gested and indigestible facts gathered from an armful of school books cover ing a wide range of subjects of study. Poor boys and girls! No wonder they sometimes played truant and went to sleep on warm days over their monotonous tasks. The School Committee's reform be gan in the primary schools; but first they succeeded in engaging as Super intendent of Schools a young man of enthusiasm in teaching, who carefully studied the German methods, for in Germany pedagogy has been elevated to the rank of a special science. In stead of being drilled in the alphabet after the old fashion, the children were taught to read before the blackboard almost without knowing it, getting their knowledge by practice. When their interest flagged they were turned out to play games and to stretch their legs. School going under such cir cumstances became a delight instead of an odious task. In the higher schools the number of studies was reduced from seven to three—reading, writing, and arithme tic, the two former including, natu rally, not only grammar and. spelling, but also geography aud history. They were taught by incessant practice, not by the old way of imposing on the pupils lessons to be learned by rote. Instead of the Reader of ancient mem ory, the teachers used as practice books geographies, histories, and arti cles in the current periodicals. The pupils were so iu the habit of writing that they grew to write as readily as they spoke, and, incidentally and in the way of practice, the art of spelling correctly was taught, and taught in the only way in which it can be ac quired. A boy may stand at the head of an oral spelling class, and yet when he comes to write words he may fail in his orthography, as he does in his command of language when he is set to the new task of setting down in black and white what he can talk about glibly enough. The results of the experiment, as Mr. Adams details them, have been most gratifying. The scholars during three years under the new system have made steady progress; they ap proach their studies more willingly, and show that they really know what they have been taught. The new plan, Mr. Adams says, is "a complete nega tive of the whole present common school system, founded on a faith in the infinite capacity of children to know at an early age a little of every thing." That this method of teaching is the sensible one we can understand, not only from the results attained at Quincy, but also from a knowledge of the manner of the working of the childish mind, its quickness in learn ing by practice, and inability to grasp abstract ideas or general principles. While grammar, the old bugbear of all youngsters, may seem to them dry and incomprehensible babble when taught out of the text books, they impercep tibly to themselves acquire the habit of writing their language grammati cally, as they learn the habit of speak ing it with propriety, when they are taught by practice to express them selves logically and with clearness and are corrected in their errors. All this improvement has been ef fected at Quincy, and yet the cost of public education has been reduced from §19.25 annually per child to §15.68. FUOFITS OF STRONG MEN. —llanlan could not be induced to row a few miles with Courtney for anything less than a §(>,000 purse, declining an offer of $5,000. Howell, for his former walk in New York City, put §20,000 in his pocket, and got §30,000 as the winner of the last race at Gilmore's Garden. Now comes a story across the water that Archer, the successful English jockey, has accepted a re tainer of §5,000 to ride as first jockey for the I>uke of Westminster next year, while others who have claims on him will make up the sum to §lO,- 000. Even if this story be incorrect, and Archer renews his engagements with Lord Falmouth, his retaining fee alone will be a salary that a Su preme Court Judge might envy, be sides all the regular fees for ridings and winnings that lie will earn through the year. Athletic accomplishments pay well. —A minister once told Wendell Phillips that if his business in life was to save the negroes, he ought to go to the South where they were, and do it. "That is worth thinking of,'' replied Phillips, "and what is your business in life ?" "To save men from going to hell," replied the minister. "Then go there and attend to your business!" said Mr. Philips. FLANNEL A .VOUAL AGENT. The cool wave sweeps down upon us and warns us that Indian summer is drawing to a close. Happy Indians were they who first invented their own peculiar style of summer. Living in the open air and strangers to what we call modern improvements, they rev eled in a degree of robust health which we victims of civilization know noth ing about. There was no furnace heat in their dwellings, nor sewer gas, nor air-tight sleeping apartment, nor leaky bath-tub, nor loose-jointed plumber work, nor mouldy cellar, nor kitchen range which obstinately refused to draw. The squaws were not pinched by tight bootees, nor squeezed by corsets, nor weighted with hair bought at the barber shops. The pappooses were free from the loads of clumsy clothing which impede the progress of our youngsters \vhojattempt their first efforts in crawling. The warriors were not cumbered with haberdashery which we consider needful to masculine exist ence. The Indian brave who would have made his appearance in aboriginal society with a gold-headed cane, high heeled boots and a polished silk hat would have been sent with great dis patch to the happy hunting grounds. An Indian family with children, even to the number of nine little Indian boys, was at no very great expense for clothing, except in the most inclement season of the year. The Indian mother let her boys run as wilyj as colts or bisons. Her policy was to harden them. At the idea of flannel under-garments she, indeed, would have laughed ith scorn. She would have considered these things emblems of debilitated effeminacy. She despised and rejected everything which tended to make her boys delicate and fragile. In like manner many an American mother has set out to harden her chil dren and make them robust. Taking as a model the Indian or, perhaps, even the Spartan of old, she has begun by sousing her babies in cold water to make them hardy and prevent them from catching cold. It was enough for her to know that the Indians, who had no hot-water pipes in the house, must have immersed their pappooses iu running streams. When children treated in this manner lived long enough to wear such clothes as chil dren ought to wear, this foolish mother, still bent on having her offspring hardy, would put half enough clothing on them, and teach them that if they would be healthy they must endure the sudden changes of summer, the chills of autumn and the severities of winter. From this cause many and many a child has grown up only par tially nourished, chattering its teeth all through life, even into old age aud down to the grave, and all for the want of a few yards of flannel. In stead of enjoying an equalized tem perature of the whole body, such vic tims of the hardening process have never known what it was to be really comfortable. Depriving the skin of what was uccessary to the successful operation of each of its myriad little pores, they became, as it were, tanned. They were, perhaps, hardened ; and so is sole leather. They grew to maturity; and so did the barren fig tree. The skin was as powerless to execute all of its proper functions without the strength and nourishment given by equalized warmth, as the stomach would be if deprived of reasonable food and drink. It is recorded of the hardening processes practiced on the Spartan children that the result was to kill all but the very strong ones. We are without accurate statistics in re gard to the family affairs of the red men and their wives, the red women. But we may safely assume that if there were any weak little Indians, the hardening and toughening processes to which they were subjected gave them rapid transit to early graves. There are weak children among us who are worth saving and who may be made strong. Try to toughen them and they die. Nurture them carefully and they may be ornaments to society. There was a miserable old woman who piled her grate more than half full of bricks, wrapped her shivering frame in a shawl and boasted how little money she spent for coal. It was poor econ omy, foj she chilled and shriveled both her body and her soul. There are people who think they do a shrewd thing in depriving themselves aud their families of the necessary heat which comes from a generous provision of underclothing. Better stint the outer wardrobe a little than impoverish the whole system by this poor sem blance of economy. The heathen on distant and torrid shores may get along without missionary contributions of yellow and red flannel trousers, but as for us and our families, let flannel work out its mission in keeping us j from the frosts of autumn and the ] rigors of cruel winter. NEVADA JUSTICE. —A man was ar raigned before Justice Moses charged with an assault. When asked where he worked, he said he was a miner in the North Bonanza. Here the Court, according to the officers, leaned over his desk and called the defendant up to whisper in his ear. "How wide is the ledge they struck last week ?" "Thirty-six feet, your Honor, and assays §70," was the reply. "1 think the evidence is insufficient to warrant a conviction," continued the Court aloud and straightening. "The case is dismissed, and the costs taxed to the complaining witness. Justice Moses was seen down town a few minutes later giving an order for 200 shares of North Bonanza with out limit. —A very ugly gentleman was re quested by a beautiful woman to ac company her to a painter's studio, where, having whispered a few words to the artist, she left him, with a prom ise of returning presently. The gen tleman asked the artist what he was wanted for. "I thought you knew, sir," replied the painter, "that I ant taking that lady's portrait in the char acter of a saint being tempted by the devil, and that she wishes you to lie good enough to sit for the tempter." A DARING EAGLE. The Duluth (Minn.) Tribune of the 10th says: We are in receipt of a letter from C. Wieland, Esq., Auditor of Lake county, dated the 3rd inst., of which the following is the substance: Yesterday afternoon, while August Burr, aged seven years, was playing with his sisters—one five years old and the other three and a half—near by his father's house, an enormous eagle pounced down upon them, throw ing the two girls to the ground. It immediately attacked the younger one, grasping one of the child's arms with the claws of one foot, while the claws of the other foot were deeply buried in the child's face; and it attempted to carry the child off, but was prevented by its struggles. Little August, see ing that he could do nothing with his own hands to help his sister, ran quickly into the house, got the butcher knife and came out and whacked away at the eagle's legs, cutting one of them severely near the foot, whereupon the savage bird let go of the little girl and attacked the boy, knocking him over, tearing his pants and giving him some severe scratches. In the meantime, the screams of the children brought out their mother, whereupon the eagle flew off to the barn, on which he sat and looked as though he would like to renew the contest, should a favorable opportunity offer itself, but he stayed there a little too long for his own good, as Joe Beltzer, a neighbor, was called, who took down his gun and shot this great "emblem of American liberty," and his eagleship, when killed, was found to measure seven feet from wing tip to wing-tip. The little girl who had this remarkable encounter is very badly scratched, but not seriously hurt. COUNTY Judge Pearson, of Harrisburg, filed three opinions last Wednesday week, which decide the question in favor of the Commonwealth raised by the appeals taken by the counties of Erie, Clinton, Crawford, Jefferson, Luzerne, Brad ford, Snyder, Tioga, Columbia, North umberland, Indiana, Butler and Mercer from the amounts settled against them by the State Treasurer and Auditor General, under the act of 1811 for taxes due the State on personal prop erty. The Judge decides that the ac tion of the Board of Revenue Com missioners could bo corrected only by an appeal taken under the act of 1878; that is the specific statutory remedy and offers the only redress which coun ties can obtain, and that the counties interested having failed to avail them selves of it they cannot legally claim a credit settlement from the State. The Judge also decides that where counties have made payment of the amount assessed against them by the Revenue Commissioners they are vol untary payments, and the counties are estopped from them back from the State. The importance of these cases will probably require them to be taken to the Supreme Court, be cause the Revenue Board may not sit again until 1882. In case Judge Pear son's decision should be sustained the counties affected would receive no abatement of their personal tax in the intervening years. The amount in volved in the present cases is about §50,000. The counsel for the counties will take out writs of error in all the cases, which will probably be heard by the Supreme Court at the January term. STORIES OF PRINCE BISMARCK.— Two good stories are told of Prince Bismarck in connection with his recent visit to Vienna. During a lively luucheon party at the Palace on the Ball Platz, the name of Gambetta cropped up in the course of the con versation, and one of Count Andrassy's guests expressed his surprise that the ex-Dictator of France should have accepted the diploma of L. L. D. from the University of Athens, seeing that he had previously been created a doctor of laws by the Paris University. "Yes, that is indeed odd of him," re marked tho Prince; "it is just as if he hail got down from horseback in order to mount the back of a jackass." Upon another occasion Prince Bis marck was introduced to a lady cele brated in Viennes society for her keen wit and quickness of repartee, who, to his conventional question of "How do you do, madam ?" smilingly replied, "Very badly, Prince; you cannot, I feel sure, imagine what a curious woman must suffer when she has the houor of being in Prince Bismarck's society without daring to ask him what he has really come to do in Vienna." "Indeed, I would not for the world see you in pain," rejoined the Chancellor, with a laugh, "so I will tell you all about it. I came to 1 Vienna to search with my friend An drassy for the magnetic needle which shall be gifted with power to attract to us all the pacific elements in Europe— a needle magnetized by peace." "Re ally!" answered Countess lv , "but the needle, you know, always points to the north!" "Just so," said the Prince, "mais, Madame, s'est juste le fiu mot do l'histoire !" A WARNING TO JURIES—Among the reasons assigned in the case of Uhl vs. Sanner for use—before the Su preme Court—for taking this case up from the Court of Common Pleas of Somerset county, is the following: In the lower court the jury got tired of deliberating, and one juror (for de fendant) suggested a plan which was adopted. Twenty-four tickets were made, twelve bearing the words "for plaintiff," and twelve "for defendant." These were placed in a hat, shaken up, and then each of the twelve men drew a ticket. Five of the drawn tickets were for plaintiff and seven for defend ant, and the jury found for the latter. Plaintiff claims that this a verdict found through deliberation, but by a sort of lottery, and that, as such, was a good reason for appealing to a higher tribunal. —Hens will set on a nest of eggs for days and not murmur, but let a man sit on a dozen eggs for a minute, and he will use fowl language enough to fill a barnvard. AOVEUTIBINU BAT£M, One square, one insertion, $1; each subse quent insertion, 60 cents. Yearly advertisements exceodmg one-fourth of a column, 95 per inch, i Figure wore doable these rates; additional charges where weekly or monthly change* are made. Local advertisements 10 centH per line for rir»t insertion, ai d 5 cents per line for each additional insertion. Marriages aad deaths pub lished free of charge. Obituary notices charged as advertisements, and payable when handed in Auditors' Notices, $4; Executors' and Admiuis (raters' Notices, $3 each; Estray, Caution and Dissolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines, i 2 each. From the fact that tho CITIZEN is the oldest established and most extensively circulated He publican newspaper in Cutler county, (a Repub iican county) it mnet be apparent" to business men that it is the medium they should use in advertising their business. NO. 49. WHO IS EMPEROR OF CHINA. The proverbial uneasiness with which the head lies that is invested with a crown is strikingly exemplified in the case of the monarch of the Ce lestial land. But a short tirie ago it was darkly rumored that he had two pupils to each of his eyes, and now alas for Jhe mutability of earthly things!—it was discovered that he is not himself. Who is he, or whence he came, or how he chances to be some thing different from what he supposes, and what everybody else believed him, is not explained. All that can bo gleaned is that a Chinese paper boldly details how in his early youth he was changed for the rightful heir by the old ladies of the Court, and made Emperor by them because he was likely to be come "a mere instrument in their de signing hands. The Empire which announces this, believes he will ra main a potentate for various reasons, unless the people who intrigued at first think fit to do so again, in which case his Majesty may become a non entity with considerable swiftness. Meanwhile, it is melancholy to reflect how deep must be the bewilderment of the monarch's mind some day, when he finds he is not the personage he thought he was, but somebody else. Little wonder is there for the fact that the gentleman who first started the discussion in the Chinese newspapers has since committed suicide. Either his bewilderment or his fears proved too much for him. CURIOUS PROSECUTIONS. Some curious prosecutions are re ported from the Courts in various parts of Germany. A wealthy and respected shoemaker of Lautenburg, in West Prussia, suspecting a servant girl of stealing twenty-five dollars, and find ing that she would not admit it, hit upon the curious device of putting a steaming hot egg under each of* her armpits and tying her arms over them until the torture made her confess the theft. Then he had her arrested. In the prison the girl begged for some thing to relieve the pain of the burns, and in that way the method by which her confession had been extorted was revealed. The shoemaker was prose cuted and sentenced to two years' im prisonment. He appealed, and the appellate Court made his sentence three years. In Sinzig there was a ease analagous to that of Caleb Cush ing, who, in Washington, applied to the Courts for relief against the bark ing of a dog that in the night dis turbed his studies. In this case it was a young heifer that bellowed at night when hungry, and it seems to have been hungry very often. A gen tleman iu the neighborhood made com plaint, and the Court adjudged the owner of the animal to be in fault, aad sentenced him to pay a fine and stop the bellowing. POLITICAL MACHINE AXIOMS.—A political party needs a machine in the sense that it needs a working organiza tion. The machine in this case exists for the good of the party. The machine in this sense is an in strument of the party—an essential instrument, perhaps, but still an instru ment. There "is no vitality in a political machine. The strength of a political machine is the strength of the party behind it. The object of a political machine is to do the work required of it by the party. When a political machine tries to control a party the order of nature is reversed—the tail tries to wag the dog. This makes the dog laugh. When the engineer of a political machine—whether the engineer is a United States Senator or a Presiden tial candidate—runs this instrument of a party counter to the judgment of the party, he lies awake nights thinking what the party will do about it It is supposeable that in certain cir cumstances a political machine may be more intelligent than public opinion, but in the United States public opinion is the court of last resort, and possesses the power to enforce its decrees. A party which is worse than its machine is an untrustworthy party. A party which is better than its machine cannot be controlled by its machine. When a political machine ceases to be responsible to public opinion it is time to change the engineers, for if it is better than public opinion it will be inefficient, while if it is worse public opinion will not tolerate it. THE idea prevails with the average teacher that if he is able to answer a fair ratio of the questions proposed by the County Superintendent, he is able to discharge all the duties of the teacher. This is a great mistake—such teachers arc only school keepers. The ability to teacii does not depend on actual knowledge, or even communicating that knowledge to others ; but iu devel oping all the pupil's faculties—mental, moral and physical—training him to think for himself, and cultivating in him a love for study, so that he will go on to educate himself long after he has left school and the living teacher. No one can do this without a love for the work, and an earnest desire and determination to be found worthy of the high vocation of teacher. —"lt is more disgraceful; my son," said a fond parent, "to wear a black eye than it is to wear shabby clothes." "Ya-as," replied the boy, "but tho clothes are the hardest to get rid of." And the old man sat silent for a long time, thinking what to say, and by the time he thought of it his boy had been over in the neighbor's yard fif teen minutes, and had "licked" the neighbor's son and won a white alley, two crystals and a boly. —A young lady advertised for a maid. l)ne applied, and, in response to the inquiry whether she was quick, she replied: "Oh, so quick that I will engage to dress you in half an hour." "In half an hour," reiterated the young lady; "and what shall Ido the rest of the day ?" •
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