cncrsomnn woratmcatt. w "' - i : 1 The whole art of Government consists in the art of being honest: Jefferson. VOL. 10. Published by Theodore choch. TERMS "Two dollars per annum in advance Two dollars and a quarter, half yearly and if not paid before the end of the year, Two dollars and a half. Those who receive their papers by a carrier or stage drivers employcd by the propnc tor, will be charged 37 1-2 cents, per year, extra. No papers discontinued until all arrearages are paid, except at the option of the Editor. IO Advertisements not exceeding one square (sixteen lines) will bo inserted three weeks for ono dollar, and twenty-five cents for every subsequent insertion. The charge for one and three insertions the same. A liberal discount made to yearly advertisers. E7AU letters addressed to the Editor must be post-paid. JTOB PRINTING. llaring a general assortment of large, elegant, plain and ornn menlal Type, wc arc prepared to execute everv description of Cards, Circulars, Bill Ilcdas, ftote, Blank Receipts, ' JUSTICES, LEGAL AND OTHER BLANKS, PAMPHLETS, &c. Printed with neatness and despatch, on reasonable terms AT THE OFFICE OF THE JTcf fersonian Republican. Words, Words, Words. What are words but little sprites That flit the world about, Stealing every thinker's thought And fitful fancy out; Shaping every wild conceit, And prejudice and doubt Stately, sprightly, solemn, gay, Thousand shapes they wear ; Graceful, grim, uncouth, sedate, From lip to lip they fare ; Joy's, Hope's, Invention's harbingers, Or heralds of Despair. Law imprisons many a one In her parchments old ; Priestcraft tortures, until they A double sense unfold ; Tyrants and traitors mingle them And misers, too for gold. Rainbow-winged, in sunny light From maiden's lips they glide ; Laden from the lover's heart Like honey-bees they slide ; Strong and stern, they bear aloft, Philosophy in pride ! How Pennsylvania got its Same. We extract the following from one of a series of articles in the Boston Transcript, entitled "Deal ings with the dead :" Whoever coveted the honor of being the cred itor of royalty, found a willing customer in Charles the Second. In 16S1 that monarch, in considera tion of .16,000 due from him to the estate of Ad miral Penn, conveyed to William the district now called Pennsylvania. He himself would have given it the name of Sylvania, but the king insisted on prefixing the name of the grantee. Full powers of legislation and government were bestowed upon the proprietor. The only limitation was a power, reserved to the Privy Council, to rescind his laws within Isix. months after they were laid before that body;Cie charter bears date March 4, 1GSI. He first designed to call his domain New Wales, and nothing saved the Philadelphians from being Welchraen, but an objection from the under Sec retary of State, who was himself a Welchman, and was offended at the Quaker's presumption. An Ingenious Invention for Early Risers. A mechanic, residing at llulme, has construc ted a little machine for the purpose of awakening himself early in a morning. To a Dutch clock in the kitchen he has attached a lever, from which a wire communicates through the ceiling to the bed room above, in which he has affixed his novel in vention. Having set the lever to any hour at which he may wish to be awakened, when the time ar rives, it is released by the clock, and the machin ery up stairs rings a bell, and then strikes a match, which lights an oil lamp. This lamp runs upon four wheels, and is at the same instant propelled through a tin tube on a miniature railway, about five feet long, which is raised, by small iron sup ports, a few inches above the bedroom floor. Near the end of the "line" is fixed an elevated iron stand, upon which a small tea kettle is placed (holdiug about a pint,) and immediately under it, by the aid of a spring, the lamp is stopped, and its flame boils the water in the kettle in twenty min utes, thus enabling him to take a cup of tea or cof fee prior to going to work. The bell attached is so powerful that it awakes his neighbor, and the machine altogether is of a very neat appearance, the mechanism being of polished iron. The in ventor has made it during his leisure hours, and has been about eighteen months in bringing it to a state .of completion. He has also combined econ omy with utility, as the working of it dose not cost more than a halfpenny a week ! Straining a Point. 'Mary McG rough was tried, weok before last, at Binghamton, N. Y. for the murder of her daughter, named Ann. On the part of tho prosecution tho fact of the murder was ful ly proved. On the part of tho defence it was shown that tho child destroyed was illegitimate or Vbase born." and could have acquired a name on ly by common repute: it was maintained that there was no proof that common report had given the child tho name, Ann ; and that, the material de scription of the child in the indictment being thus unsustained by the evidence, the defect was fatal, ,and entitled the prisoner to a discharge. The (ppuri charged that the law was as contended on the part of the defence, and the jury, in accordance with the charge, rendered a verdict of "not guilty." STRQUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, JANUARY 17, L80O. laving and means. One of the most mischievous phrases in which a rouen Moraliiy, a radically false and vicious Public Sentiment, disguise themselves, is that which characierizes certain individuals as destitute of financial capacity. A "kind, amiable, generous, good sort of man," (so runs the varnish,) " but utterly unqualified for the management of his own finances" "a mere child in everything relating to money " &c. &c. meaning that with an income of $500 a year he persisted in spending 1,000; or with an income of $2,000, he has regularly spent five to eight thousand, according to his ability to run in debt or the credulity of others in trusting him. The victims of this immorality debtor as well as creditor arc entitled to more faithful dealing at the hands of those not directly affect ed by the misdemeanors of the former. It is the duly of the community to rebuke and re dress these pernicious glosses, making the truth heard and felt that inordinate expenditure i knavery and crime. No man has a moral right thus to lavish on his own appetites money which he has not earned and does not really need. If Public Opinion were sound on this subject if a man living beyond his means when his means were commensurate with his real needs, were subjected to the reprehension he deserves the evil wouid bo instantly checked, and ultimately eradicated. The world is full of people who can't imag ine why they don't prosper like their neighbors w hen the real obstacle is not in banks or tariffs, in bad public policy nor hard times, but in their own extravagance and heedless ostentation. The young mechanic or clerk marries and takes a house, which he proceeds to furnish twice as! expensively as he can afford, and then his wife, instead of taking hold to help him earn a live lihood by doing her own work, must have a hired servant to help her spend his limited earnings. Ten years afterward you will find him struggling on under a double load of debts and children, wondering why the luck was nl was against him, while his friends regret his unhappy destitution of financial ability. Had they from the fir&t been frank and honest, he need not have been so unlucky. Through every grade of society this vice of inordinate expenditure insinuates itself. The single man "hired out" in the country at ten to fifteen dollars per month, who contrives to dissolve his year s earnings in frolics and fine clothes ; ihe clerk who has three to five hun 9 W dred dollars a year and melts down twenty to fifty of it into liquor and cigars, are paralleled by the young merchant who fills a spacious house ih costly furniture, gives dinners and drives a fast horse on the strength of the profits he ex pects to realize when his goods are all sold and his notes all paid. Let a man have a ge nius for spending, and whether his income is a dollar a day or a dollar a minute it is equally ceriain to prove inadequate. If dining, wining and party-giving won't help him through with ii, building, gaming and speculating will be sure lo. The bottomless pocket will never fill, no matter how bounteous the stream pouring into it. The man who (being single does not save money on six dollars per week will not be apt to on sixty; and he who does not lay up! something in his first year of independent exer - lion will be pretty likely to wear a poor man's hair into his grave. No man who has ihe natural use of his fac- ulties and his muscles has any right to lax others with the cost of his support, as this class of non-financial gentlemen habitually do. It is their common mistake 10 fancy that if a debt is only paid at last, tho obligation of the j son had a decided majority in both brandies, debtor is fulfilled, but the fact is not so. A In the House, Mr. Stevenson received 152 man who sells his property for another's prom-! votes against 39. In the twenty-second Con ise tn nav next week or next month, and is eress. Mr. Stevenson, was re-elected by 98 compelled to wear out a pair of boots in running - ,-- , - 1 after his due, which he finally gets after a year or two, is never really paid. Very often, he! has lost half the face of his demand by not hav-' the administration was in a minority. So in ing the money when he needed it, beside the ' the twenty-fourth. cost and vexation of running after it. There is In the twenty-fifth Congress, (Mr. Van Bu just one way to pay an obligation in full, and ren,) the administration candidate for the Speak that is to pay it when due. He who keeps up(ership, Mr. Polk, received 116 votes, against a running fight with bills and loans through , 103 for Mr. Bell, and 5 scattering. In the life is continually living on other men's means, ' twenty-sixth Congress an opposition member ia a serious burden and a detriment to those J was elected Speaker on the 11th ballot Mr. who deal with him, although his estate should j Hunter of Virginia. finally pay every dollar of his legal obligations, i In the twenty-seventh Congress, a Whig Inordinate expenditure is the cause of a j Speaker, Mr. While, of 'Kentucky, received great share of the crime and consequent misery 121 votes against 84 for J. W. Jones, and 16 which devastate the world. The clerk w ho j scattering. In the twenty-eighth Congress, a spends more than he earns is fast qualifying Democratic Speaker was elected J.W.Jones himself for a gambler and a thief; the trader or by 129 votes against 59 for White. In the mechanic who overruns his income is very twenty-ninth (Polk) Congress, the administra certain to become in time a trickster and a lion Speaker. Mr. Davis, was elected, receiv cheat. Wherever you see a man spending trig 120 votes, against 72 for Mr. Vinton and faster than he earns, there look out for villains J 19 for other persons. In the thirtieth Con to be developed, though it be the farthest thing 'gress, the opposition Speaker, Mr. Wimhrop, possible from his present thought. was elected on the third ballot, receiving 110 When the world shall have become wiser; votes against 64 for Lynn Boyd, 41 for other and its standard of morality more lofty, it will Democratic candidates, and three scattering perceive and affirm that profuse expenditures, even by one who can pecuniarily afford it, is pernicious and unjustifiable that a man, how ever wealthy, has no right to lavish on his own appetites, his tastes or his ostentation that which might have raised hundreds from desti tution and despair to comfort and usefulness, j Miss Dix, who has made her name so illus Bul thai is an improvement in public sentiment : trious as a helper of the suffering poor, says, in which must be waited for, while the other i j a memorial which she has lately transmitted to more ready and obvious. Congress, thai in the New England States the The meanness, the dishonesty, the iniquity, . . . . I. of squandering thousands unearned, and keep ing others out of money that is justly theirs, have rarely been urged and enforced as they should be. They need but be considered and understood to be universally loathed and de tested -r-N. Y. Tribune. An a vender of a universal medicine declares that if his prescription be followed liter ally, a cure is certain. " This medicine is to be taken in-temally, ex-ternally, and e-ternally." From the Washington Republic. Relation of Parties for Sixty Years. In the first Congress, in 1789 and 1790, there was but a small majority in favor of the measures recommended by Washington. The anti-Federalists elected John Langdon, of New Hampshire, president pro tern, of tho Senate, Frederick A. Mulenberg Speaker of the House of Representatives. In the second Congress there was a majori ty in each branch friendly to the administra tion. In the third Congress the opposition elected the Speaker, and in the Senate Mr. Adams re peatedly settled important questions by his casting vote. In the fourth Congress there was an in creased majority of the Senate in favor of the administration. In the House there was evi dently a majority in opposition. This state of parties is indicated by the answers returned by the two Houses to the President's speech. That of the Senate expressed entire approbation of the conduct of the Executive. In the House the Committee reported expressions of undi minished confidence with which the House would not concur. The report 'was recommit ted and modified. But a friend of the admin istration, Mr. Dayton, of New Jersey, was elected Speaker. In tho fifth Congress, (Mr. Adams,) there was a decided majority in both branches favor able to the administration. In the sixth Congress there was an adminis- j tration majority in tho House, and its Speaker j elected. In the seventh Congress, (Mr. Jefferson,) parties were nearly equally divided. Abraham Baldwin, Dem., was elected President pro tern of the Senate. A friend of the administration was elected Speaker. In tho eighth Congress there was a large ad ministration majority in both branches. So in the ninth Congress, and tenih. In the eleventh Congress, (Mr. Madison.) there was an administration majority in the House. So in the twelfth Congress, when Mr. Clay was elected Speaker. In the thirteenth Congress the administration majority was large, and Mr. Clay was re-elected. So m the four teenth. In the fifteenth Congress the first of Mr. Monroe's Administration nartv lines were 'nearly obliterated, and Mr. Clay was re-elected y by an almost unanimous vote. So at the first session oi me sixteentn uongiess. At toe second session, Mr. Clay having resigned, the House proceeded to ballot for a new Speaker. I he candidates were Mr. Lowndes of South Carolina, Mr. Sergeant of Pennsylvania, Mr. Samuel Smith of Maryland, and John W. Tay lor of New York. Alter seven ballots, on. the first day, ihe House adjourned. On the second day, after nineteen ineffectual ballots, the House again adjourned. On the third day Mr Taylor was elected. He was of the De Witt Clinton section of the Republican party. The Speaker of the seventeenth Congtess was Mr Philip P. Barbour, of Virginia, who was elect ed by a few votes over Mr. Taylor. In the eighteenth Congress, Mr. Clay was again ; chosen Speaker by a large majority over Mr harbour. 1 In the nineteenth Congress, (J. Q. Adams,) I a friend of the administration, Mr. Taylor, was i chosen Speaker on the second ballot receiving 99 voles, to 94 for all others. In the twentieth Congress, the opposition Speaker, Mr. Steven son. received 104 votes. Mr. Taylor 94, and j there were 7 scattering ' In the twenty-first Congress, General Jack i a - votes, against 97 for all other persons. In the twenty-third, there was a very largo admihis tration majority in the House, but in ihe Senate Whig votes In the thirty first (Taylor) Congress, the Democratic parly proper have a majority in the Senate. In the House, both the Whig and Democratic party seem to be in a minority. proportion of the insane io the wnole population n n i -jn c.. is about one to 600 ; in the Middle States, one in 900 ; and in the Western States one in 1300. The worst state is Rhode Island, where ihere is one to every 503, and the best, South Car olina, where there is one lo every 1,158. In some of those states there is comparatively ex cellent provisions for the insane ; but, in others, or nothing ha. been doire. Pay the printer, keep your feet dry, wear your own clothes, and remember the poor. Iniportani Iuvcntioii. We learn from a letter in the Union, from Ru fus Porter, Esq., a gentleman well versed in the arts and inventions, and formerly editor of the Scicntfic American, that Henry M. Paine, Esq., has discovered and practically tested an almost ex penselessmodeof decomposing waterand reducing it to the gaseous stale. By the simple operation of a very small machine without galvanic batte ries, or tne consumption ot metals or acids, and on ly the application of less than l-300th part of one horse power, Mr. Paine produces 200 cubic feet of hydrogen gas, and 100 feet of oxygen gas per uuur. j ins quantity oi tnese gasses, tne actual cost of which is less than one cent, will furnish as much heat by combustion as 2,000 feet of the or dinary coal gas, and sufficient to supply light equal to tnree nunarea common lamps for ten hours ; or to warm an ordinary dwelling house twelve hours, including the requisite heat for the kitchen ; or to supply the requisite heat for une horse power of steam, ihe invention, it is stated, has been tes ted by six months' operation, applied to the light ting of houses, and recently tlie .applicability of these gases to the warming of houses has also been tested with perfectly satisfactory results. A steam engine furnace and a parlor stove, both adapted to the burning of these gases, have been invented and measures taken for securing patents therefor. The only actual expense of warming houses by this apparatus is that of winding up a weight (like tne winaing up oi a clock) once a day ; and the heat produced may be as easily graduated and regu lated as the name ot a common gas-burner. No smoke whatever is produced, but a very small quantity of steam, sufficient to supply the requisite moisture to tne atmosphere. This is a very important invention, and we shall doubtless shortly hear more of it. If the anticipa- uons wmcu are muuiged concerning itare realised, it must eventually, if not very soon, prove of tho highest advantage to all classes of tho community, if indeed it dees not produce a complete revolution in commerce. This discovery, it is contended bv Mr. Porter, removes completely the only obntacles which have hitherto existed to atrial navigation the difficulty of procuring hydrogen gas, and car rying a supply of fuel ; and he considers it a mat ter of tolerable certainty that men will be seen swiftly and safely soaring in various directions be- tnrn Ima lot rf .linn ln nla,an-k steam power, it will reduce the expense to the mere wear of machinery, greatly advance the es- tablishment of manufactures of every kind, reduce the expense ol travelling, &c, while its applica tion to the every day affairs of life and business, will produce the most remarkable results, creating a new era in the arts and in civilization. Such are the anticipations of the inventors. The " Vox Populi," or Legislative Telegraph. This machine for accelerating the taking of the yeas and nays, and other votes in Legislative as semblies, invented and patented by R. E. Mona ghan, Esq., a citizen of West Chester, Chester county, in this State, has been recently put up in tho hall of the House of Representatives, with many improvements and facilities, which have been added by the talanted inventor since the ad journment of the last Legislature. By the partic ular invitation of Mr. Mouaghan, a few days ago, we examined this machine, as it now stands in the hall of the House, and found it to work with ad mirable precision and accuracy, as well as with the greatest facility. By this process the yeas and nays may be accurately recorded in the space of a few seconds, whereas it would consume, in the ordinary mode of counting them by the Clerks, at least twenty minutes. The time that could thus be saved would be of immense importance, if it were not almost certain that it would be wasted in some other way. The Legislature would hard ly consume less than, a hundred days under any circumstances, and consequently the saving of time becomes a matter of but little interest to the peo ple, unless Mr. Monaghan would connect with his machine, an invention to keep the members profitably employed during the time thus saved. We think the invention is highly practicable, use ful and ornamental, and in itself of considerable value. Before it can be made really valuable for Legislative purposes, however, the whole spirit of Legislation must be revolutionized. There is but one serious impediment to the general adoption of this machine in Legislative bodies, and this exists in the fact that many mem bers rely more upon the judgment of others, than they do upon their own, and consequently like to see their file leader when they come to vote. This machine, unfortunately, does not give the cue. Were it not for this, we are satisfied that the "Vox Populi" would be universally adopted. liarrisburg Telegraph. Discoveries in Abyssinia. The Paris journals state that M. Rocher d'Hericourt, who has lately returned from a voyage in Abyssinia, has brought with him about a score of MSS. in the Ethiopian language, all of vast antiquity and great literary value. They are folio in form, bound in rod leath er, with the Greek cross and strange ornamonts on the covers. In some of them the writing runs right across the page ; in others it is in columns ; in nearly all it is firm and bold in character. Some of the MSS. are on history, religion, and science; one is a complete and very curious troaties on tho mysteries of eastern astrology ; and one. which appoars to have been written at the beginning of the 1 1th century, contains a copy ofthc Biblo,which differs in some respecia from the ordinary version. SrxauLArt. The N. Y. Globe says, that a young lady, residing in the upper part of that city, has been for twelve years in the receipt of $400 a year, yet has no knowledge of the source from which it is obtained. She has to procure vouchers for her expenditures, and it is legularly paid, quarterly, the amount stated ; yet is summarily turned out of the office where the donation is paid, if she makes any inquiries upon the subject, She has been threatened with bodily injury, if she dares to urge an investigation ; yet, believing that tho parties having directionof the money, retain alargeamount of property which should come to her, the young lady has employed counsel to examine the case. The English government is in want of a new convict land. Australia, so long a depot for out casts, has become so strong and aristocratic, that she refuses to receive more convicts. The same feeling exists at the Cape of Good Hope. The New York Sun 3peaks of persons in that city, moving in fashionable society, who are noth ing but spies supported by foreign governments, to watch the actions of private individuals and pub lie men, especially their own countrymen, to report to their governments. No. 22. The Ravages of the Cholera at Siam, in the" East Indies, according to the last European papers, are beyond measure dreadful. About 20,000 persons have fallen victims to it. So great was the number of deaths, that they found it impracticable to burn them all, and many were buried, and multitudes were thrown into the river just as they had died. They wero brought and laid in piles and fuel applied, when they were consumed like heaps of togs. In three days not less than from 2000 to 3000 died daily ; and at the end of twelve days it was known that more than 20.000 had fallen victms to its fearful ravages. Since that time it has very much abated, but has by no means ceased. It is thought that within a radius of 25 or 30 miles not loss 30,000 have been swept off by this fatal scourge within two or three weeks. The cholera and tho small pox al ways make dreadful ravages in Siani. A M ouster Ox. Thcro is said to be an ox in Cambridge, Mass., which now weighs 3,700 pounds, and it is thought by good judges that in three months' time ho will weigh nearly if not qutto 5,000 lbs. His owner states thai the animal has never been stall fed, and that he intended to fatten him during the winter. He was raised in Staustead, Canada, and measures elefen feet from the noe to the rump, six feet tn height, and nine feel six inches in girth, and is but seven years old. Cotton has been applied to a new use at the south. An experiment has satisfactorily tested the practicability of employing that staple in the manufacture of coffee sucks. The new ar ticle is said to be cheaper and more durable than the old fashioned tow sacks, besides af fording greater protection to the coffee Justice in Italy. A case is reported in the papers which il lustrates aptly the peculiar mode of adminis- ier,l,B JU3Utf I,uw ,H l,Suu " UIB Fdria ' llB,v un,Jer Austrian sway. A respectable gentle- man, named Ferrari, camo from a neighboring town in the Roman States, on a business visit to Parma, bringing with him a beautiful young wife. Tho lady wore a white straw bonnot with red trimmings, which seems to be the fashionable head gear in her own town. It at tracted the attention however, of the Austrian police, who arrested the lady in ihe open street, and conducted her before the tribunal. In ten minutes she was sentenced to receive forthwith, twenty-five lashes. Her husband was driven" almost to distraction, procured a respite of an hour or two, sought the governor, and after great difficulty and proof of his peaceable life and the fashion in bonnets on his side of the nile, procured a remission of the penalty on condition of his leaving the (own immediately. Sating at the Astor House. The New York Commercial says ibat for the eaters at the Astor House there are required only 170,000 pounds of beef per annum; of hams about 3000, weighing from 10 to 15 pounds each ; and in the matter of eggs, the establishments creates a constant drain upon the exertions of about 3000 hens, diligently devoting themselves by their appropriate func lions. Precious ITIciais in England. Gold is getting to bo so abundant in Eng land that much alarm exists as to tho consc quences of the existing law, which compels the Bank of England to buy all that is offered in the market at 3 17s. 10 1-2(1. tho pure ounce. In the coffers of the Bank of England there are nearly sixteen millions lying idle, amount ing to near eighty millons of dollars in bars of gold; and there appears to be no way of em ploying it. It is pouring in from Russia and California, but still the price must be 3 17s. 10 l-2d. per ounce, for that is the law of the land. And more than this the Directors of the Bank of England are obliged to buy it at this price whether they require it or not. This fact accounts for the large shipment of Califor nia gold to Liverpool by American merchants on the Pacific coast instead of sending ii to the United States mint. It is a little singular that while we are getting such an abundance of gold from California, the Russian mines in the Ural mountains are likewise increasing at a rapid rate, having nearly quadrupled iu value wnhin a few years past. Wlva Work Fire Proof Ceilingf. Fire proof ceilings of wire work have been successfully applied, in placn of lath, with plas ter and stucco, as usual, at the Cheater Lunatic Asylum. Tho wires arc about 1-4 in. apart, and the plastor forms an adhesive and service able mass, even on both sides. The wire is galvanised or japanned, to prevent corrosion. Not only ceilings, one would think, but thin partitions and walls in general, might be wired in place of lathed, and risk of fire thus greatly diminished by a process neither patented nor costly. Purgatory. An Italian noble being at church one day, and finding a priest who begged for the souls in purgatory, gave htm a piece of gold. " Ah ! my lord," said the good father, " you have now delivered a soul." The count threw upon th plain another pioce, ' Here is another soul delivered," said1 the priest. " Are you positive of it?" inquired the count. Yes, my lord," replied the priem ; J am certain they are now in heaven." Then," said thecuuiit, " I'll take back my money, ii signifies n&rhing to you now ; seeing that the sbula have already got io heaven, thHe can be no danger of their' returning to pufga tory." V
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers