t JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLICAN Thursday, June 1, I8i. Terms, $2,00 in advance. $2,25 half yearly; and $2,50 if not paiuncioreinccnu 01 wiuyc.tr. L. 1URNES, at Milford, is duly author ized to act as Agent for this paperjto receive sub scriptions, advertisements, orders for job-work, and payments for the same. 1CPE. W. Carr, Esq., of the city of Philadel phia, is authorized to receive subscriptions and advertisements for the " Jcffcrsonian Republican." Office, Sun Huildings, corner Third and Dock streets, opposite the Merchant's Exchange; and i JO North Fourth street. FOR CANAL COMMISSIONER NEE. MIDDLESWARTH, OF UNION COUNTY. SENATORIAL ELECTORS. Thomas M T. M'Kenxan, of Washington, Joh.v 1 Sanderson, of Lebanon. DISTRICT 1 Joseph G. Glarkson, 2 John P. Wciherill, 3 James iM. Davis, 1 Tims. W. Duffield, 5 Daniel 0. Hinter, (5 Joshua Duncan, 7 John D. Steele, 8 John Landis, 9 Joseph K. Smucker 10 (Charles Snyder 1 1 William G. Hurley,' 12 Francis Tyler, ELECTORS. 13 Henry Johnson, 14 William Colder, Sr. 15 (not filled) IG Charles W. Fisher, 17 Andrew G. Curtin, 18 Thos. R. Davidson, 19 Joseph Markle, li) Daniel Agnew, 21 Andrew W Loomis, 22 Richard Irvin, 23 Thomas IL Sill, 24 Saml. A. Purviance From the New York Tribune. cm. Cass for President. The Baltimore Convention has done its offices. After having temporized with the dfticulties from this State, so as to aggravate it virtually expel ling the Barnburners and yet not cordially admit ting and recognizing as 'regular' the Hunkers the Convention at noon yesterday proceeded to ballot for President, and, with ominous silence whenever NewrYork was called, the following results were arrived at : 1st ballot. 2d do. 3d do. 4th do. LawisCasSfOfMir.Ii. 125 133 15G 179 James Huchanan, of Pa. 55 54 41 'S3 Levi Woodbury, of N.H. 53 56 51 3$ John C. Calhoun, of S. C. 9 0 0 W. J. Worth, ofN.Y. 6 5 5 1 Geo. M. Dallas of Pa. 4 3 0 0 William O. Butler ol Kyv 0 00 3 Whole No. of Votes 252 251 233 254 The Locofoco Rational Convention. After a desperate struggle of three days and kicking up a great dust, this body finally succeed ed in nominating Gen. Lewis Cass, of Michigan, for President, and Gen. Willam O. Butler, p( Ken tucky, and now Commander-in-Chief of the army in Mexico, for Vice President. Gen. Cass -is better known to the people of the United States, than Mr. Polk was at the time of his nomination. He is a radical locofoco in fa voi of the annexation of new territory, and espe cially slave territory the steadfast friend and ad vocate of free trade, and opposed to every princi ple of protection ; opposed to the improvement of rivers and harbors; to the Wilmot Proviso, and the modification of the veto power. The Barnburners of New York announced their intention of opposing at the ballot-box, the ticket thus formed. John Van Buren, son of the Ex President, declared that New York never could support Cass. Is Pennsylvasia prepared again to cast her suf frages for Free Trade? or will the locofocos come forward with a second Kane 'letter, to assure us that Gen. Cass is the friend of the Tariff" policy ? and have we yet men amongst us who will declare him to be "a better Tariff" man than Mr. Clay !'T "We shall see ! Fourth of July Pictorial Brother Jonathan. Wilson & Co. of New-York, have sent us a copy of their Jubilee Brother Jonathan, just issued in commemoration of the glorious fourth. It is a sheet of the largest dimensions and filled with magnificent engravings : some of the most prom inent of which are a Mexican Battle Scene, cover ing a surface of seven square feet, executed with taste and spirit from an original design. Four Portraits the size of life of distinguished American Statesmen. Eleven original designs by the great French Artist Gavarniv illustrating the Masque rade Ball in Paris, a fac simile of the original Rough Draft of the Declaration of Independence" witlv the alterations made in Committee, hi the hand writing of each. These together with forty or fifty other spirited engravings of the finest) description, Tales, Poems, Sketches, &c. ma-ke- one of the most valuable of the' Brother Jonathan yet issued. Every body should, have a copy. The-price is only 12 cents, or 10 copies are sent by mail for. one dollar. KF Judge Stroud, of this state, has decided trial a lawyer cannot be sworn as a- witness-in- a ease which he is to argue to the jury. New Jersey. The Whirrs of New Jersey held their State Con- ' Tirj 1 'P n vuiiuun uin euuesuay, u x luuiun, iu cuoose del egates to Philadelphia. ' There was quite a full attendance and an animated canvass. Hon. Wm. A. Duer, of Morris county, presided, and the-following Delegates were chosen to represent- the State in the Whig National Convention : Senatorial. William Wright and Jos. Porter: 1- Francis L. McGulloch. 4i Isaac R. Cornelh 2. John L. N. Stratton. 5. Dr. T. B. Gautier. 3. John H. Wakefield. Necessary to a choice (4th ballot) lfO, or two thirds of the whole number cast. Gen. Cass had it, and 9 over. So he was declared . the 'regular' candidate for 1848. We know no other candidate except Polk him self whom we could have welcomed to the arena more heartily. We mean not to underrate the strength of our opponents, but we are confident that if they can elect Gen. Cass they could elect anybody, James K. Polk always excepted. He has not the good fortune enjoyed by his immediate predecessor of being very imperfectly known. His administration of our Indian Affairs in the North-west for many years is remembered, and will be shown to have been far more profitable to himself than advantageous or honorable to the country. His negligence or incapacity while Sec retary of War was one of the potential though secondary causes of the disgraceful, unjust and most prodigal war which was prosecuted for years against the Seminoles of Florida. His sycophan cy to Louis Philippe, while Mimister to France, will not soon be forgotten, and happily the evidence of that sycophancy, in the shape of his published "France, its King, Court and Government," has taken an enduring shape, and can neither be de nied nor perverted. His atrocious calumnies on the crushed but still struggling advocates ot Eu ropean Liberation will rise in judgment against him now that the cause of Democracy has there triumphed over the calumnies he aidedto propa gate, wherein the excesses and diabolism of a few among the French Republicans were artfully put forward as exhibiting truly the character of them all. This is Despotism's oldest trick, but he is one of its most recent instruments. The work and the workman were nicely fitted to each other. Returning to this country in 1841, Gen. Cass soon after acquired the seat he has since filled in the United States Senate, and no man has since done more evil in our National Councils, or done it with more glaringly selfish intent, than he has. Of the Texas Iniquity, and the consequent War, there -has been no more headlong and unscrupu lous champion ; though we believe it can be proved that just before he wrote his published letter in favor of Annexation, which rendered him Van Buren's most formidable antagonist at Baltimore, four years ago, he wrote one as decidedly against Annexation, and on the broadest grounds of gen eral hostility. But this, of course, has never trou bled him since he swallowed it. So soon as his party had completely regained power by the election of Polk, he proclaimed a War with England for Oregon 'inevitable, and did his best to render it so. He fought to the last the Treaty whereby the Oregon Boundary was settled, still clamoring for 54 40' even at the1 cost of a War. This was by no means his first effort to embroil the country in that quarter. And the whole is impelled by the most sordid, selfish calcu lation1. He knows what are the worst passions of the worst class, and he is the very raanto' clamber eagerly and smilingly into a window of the White House over a hundred thousand bleeding corpses of men slain- that his ambition might be satisfied. On the great question of Free Sail against Slavery Extension, hrs course has been base be yond example. He was originally (and the proof exists) an avowed champion of Free Soil. Even when he voted against the proposition in the last Congress, he declared himself devoted to the prin ciple, but tjiis was not the proper time to affirm it, it was improper to legislate on an abstraction, &c. 4"C Thus he stood for- a few months, when lo ! out corner his letter to Tennessee', eating all his former words, and avowing himself a- convert to'the Soutiiern doctrine, that Slavery may be legally established' in any territorial acquisition of this country by the mere fact of a slayeholder's choos ing to migrate thither - So flagrant an instance of apostacy and treachery has- rarely or never been known,.and we hold-that-every advocate of Free Soil and Free Labor should vote even for John C. Calhoun, if the election of Cass could' not other wise be prevented. Defeated he can-and must' be. OCT' Gen. Cass, the Locofoco candidate for the Presidency, advocated and voted for the British Tariff" of 1846 ! Bear this in mind. Artificial Ice. Mix four ounces of nitrate of ammonia, and four ounces of subcarbonate of so- da, with four ounces of water, in a tin vessel, and "in three hours the mixture will produce ten ouu- ces'ofice. Hail Storms. Our-exchanges- bring accounts- of Hail storms, which-seemingly occurred at the same time in dif ferent? pans of the country. In Amherst and Ghampbell counties, Va., the" hail Was very des tructive in- its- effects-. Young cattle, hogs, poul try, &c.,.vere- killed 'the wheat- on some farms were destroyed', and' the fruit stripped with the leaves from the trees; In' Pennsylvania the dam age was considerable, and at Rensellaerville, N. Y., there was a tremendous hail storrrr, which re sulted in considerable damage to garden vegeta bles and window glass, but particularly to the huge tent of Raymoud cj-Go's. Menagerje. Dur ing the, afternoon, it was filled with spectators. Some 1,500 wore present when the hurricane struck the oanvass and blew it dow,.covering,the great imass- ofi humanity, bnfdoing. no further harms Eternal Resources and Trade. It is necessary, ifwe keep up the records of the growing commerce, wealth, and population of our vast interior region, to make frequent reference to the statistics of the Great West. A report recent ly presented to Congress by Colonel Abert, Chief of the Corps of TopographicaKEngineers, on 'The Commerce of the Lakes and the Western Rivers,' contains the latest exposition of the state and pro gress of our internal trade. The facts set fourth in this document, drawn from authentic sources, are as interesting as they are iruly astonishing. It appears that the Lake tonnage in 1841 was 5Gj252, in which were employed 3750 mariners. The imports for the same period were valued at $33,483,441, and the exports at $32,342,541, ma king the total amount of commerce $65,826,022. In the year 1846 the tonnage was 106,836. which is estimated to have cost $6,000,000, and the num ber of marriners employed was 6972. The im ports and exports amounted to $128,829,000, and the number of passengers was not less than 250, 000. Thus the tonnage, mariners, imports and ex ports of the Lakes were nearly all doubled in five years making the annual increase over 17 per cent.- The eight State's of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, IllPis, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York j Vermont, and the territory of Minesota, are dependant upon the navigation of Lakes Champlain, Ontarioj Erie, Huron, Michigan and Superior, for a large portion of their exports and imports. Those States, in '46 had a population of 8,887,450; but in consequence of the facilities of intercourse between the Lakes and the Mississippi River, which the Illinois and Michigan Canal, and the projecting Railroads from Chicago and other points on Lakes Michigan and Erie will afford, the States of Iowa and Missouri will be included with those which have been named ; and as Maine, N. Hampshire, Massachu setts, Rhode Island and Connecticut will partici pate in that immense Commerce, the whole num ber of States interested therein will be fifteen, or half those in the Union, with a population of near ly 12,000,000. The first vessel' that navigated the western streams was the frail bark canoe ; next came the Mackinaw boat, carrying from fifteen hundred pounds to three tons ; and then came the keel-boat or baige, of from thirty to forty tons. With a boat of this description from three to four months were consumed in making a trip from New Orleans to St. Louis. In 1819, soon after the introduction of steam the voyage occupied a steamboat 27 days. Now it is accomplished in about four days. In 1817, about the time when steam "was first introduced upon the Mississippi, the whole com merce from New Orleans to the upper country gave employment to some 20 barges, of art average of 100 tons each, and making one trip irf a year. The number of keel boats on the Ohio was' abotit 16, carrying 30 tons each. The whole tonnage was estimated at 6 or 7,000 tons. Such was the condition of the trade on the West ern waters 30 years ago. Let us come to more recent times. The steamboat tonnage on the Western f i'vers in 1842 was l26,278,and there were employed 4, 000 other kinds of boats, making the whole ton nage 426,28. The produce transported is estimated at 1,862, 780' tons. " The exports to New Orleans were val ued at $50,566,803, and the whole" commerce a mounted to $70,000,000. In 1846' the steamboat tonnage' was249,055. and: the merchandise of all kinds transported was 3, 410,336 tons, and was then valued at $l85-,406',-719. The cost of the sf earn, and other tonnage, was $12,942',355, and there were employed 23,114 manners. The whole length of the steamboat navigation' of the' Mississippi', and its tributaries has-been' as certained to be ltj,67-f miles. The' increase of population throughout die' whole region, whose' prolific rescources give rise to this vast growing trade, has been; fully commensurate with the increase of the trade itself. The next census will givers the statistics on this point. A bill, if we mistake not,-has been offered in Con gress to make arrangements, at the present session, for the taking of the census of 1850 so that the' report may be had by the close of the year. If We Were to take, in infancy, a look to the fu ture', 30 years hence, as we have looked at the re ality of 30 years ago, and contemplate thd' proba' ble' development' of the commerce arid productive capabilities of the West for the year 1878, the pic ture drawn by the standard of the past, and upon the basis of existing facts, would1 be too startling for the imagination to become familiarized1 with. The ratio of increase, however, must go beyond' that of former years, because it must include many new inventions,-new facilities of intercourse, neu appliances to increase production; and' these ad ditional agencies will be brought to' operate on a' scale'far larger thari- any that the last 30 years have1 -witnessed. Besides, the progress dnvard1 must acquire increased' momentum as it accumu lates a larger and still larger aggregate of ele mentslike a' mighty body put in motion and con stantly enlarging, whose rapidity is still more and more accelerated in- proportions as the impulse which moves it acts upon a weightier mass. An Offer. An Eastern manufacturer, of whom a demand hat been recently made by his hands for" higher wages, offers them the use of his mills; machinery, and his own services, for three months, without charge, anU let them-at the end of the timedivide the prblits among, themselves in lieu of their wages. LATER FROM MEXICO. Renewal of Mexican Hostilities. The schooner May arrived at New-Orleans on the 18th, from Vera Cruz. At last a quorum of the Members of Congress weie said to have assem bled at Queretaro, and to be waiting the arrival of the American Commissioners to commence their delibeiations on the Peace question. The specu lations as to the final result are of the most oppo site and conflicting character. The followiug pro nunciamiento from Queretaro was dated April 27, 11 o'clock at night. The people have became weary with auffeiing the oppression and sport of petty tyrants. This at least is the case with the Mexican nation which, by the omnipotent exercise of its will, has discar ded what is called the General Government of the nation established at Queretaro, and prostrated to the earth its treacherous oppressors at o'clock on the night of this day. It did this without dny resistance, and proclaimed the only plan which, under present circumstances, can save the coun try. This is war war without trace or quarter, until an honorable peace is conquered. Such is the programme of this revolution at the heat! of which are the distinguished Generals Almonte, Bustamente and -Paredes, to whose appeals all who are Mexicans rather than partisans will res pond. The tocsin of Liberty has sounded at last. Sons of Hidalgo and. Iturbide awake. The invin cible hand of Providence points out to you the' road by which every nation on the globe will oc cupy its true place. Mexicans, fulfil your des- j tiny." American deserters are said to be continually arriving at Queretaro, and during the 25th, 26th, and 27th ult. no less than 20 presented themselves to the Mexican Government, and were incorpoa ted into Sari Patricio's company. The garrison at Quet'etdro is now composed of. 820 men. A wager of $10,000 has been made at Vera Cruz for and against the Peace, and several of the Dep uties are said to be concerned in the bet. A correspondent says Herrera has been nomi nated as President, and that a majority of the Dep uties will vote for him. Poor prospects for Farmers. The Caledonia brings bad news for our farmers. Flour is down in England to six or seven dollars a barrel so there will be no more, sale in Europe for American flour. With the now immense pro. duction of breadstuff's in this country, what prices are grain and flour to bring next Fall Last year we had a surplus production of breadstuff's suffi cient to freight all our sea-going vessels fqr a long time. This immense surplus will this year re. main on our hands. It appears, therefore, to us that flour is likely to fall. A Nice Calculation. It is estimated that 000,000 men will take part in the Presidential election of 1848, who in 1814, were between the ages of 17 and 21. Indian War in Oregon--Fotfr battles between the Whites and Indians Horrid Massacre of Twenty Mis sionaries The Pittsburg Chronicle publishes the fol lowing Telegraphic dispatch. Louisville, May 2-r'. Dy the arrival of Major Meek, late and ex citing news has been received from Oregon. Four powerful tribes of Indians have corrr menced a bloody war against the settlers. Four battles had already been fought in Jan uary, in all of which (except one,) the whites' mainlined their ground. Five hundred whites kept up a continued fight with two thousand Indians for an entire day, at the close of which the Indians retired. None of the whites were killed,- but great numbers were wounded. On the 29th of November, a horrible mas sacre was perpetrated by the Cyuse Indians at the Presbyterian Mission in the Walla Walla Valley. Dr. White and his wife and eighteen others were killed, and sixty or serenty persons were taken pnssoners. The houses belonging to the station were all burned. The prisoners were ransomed, and restored through the agency of Peter Skeen Ogden, Chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Company. Major Meek pUshed up the river yesterday on-his way to Washington City. He has dis patches to the Government asking immediate aid-. Important Inventions. Mf. David Isham, a machaineat of Hartford, Conn., has recently invented a process by which cast iron' can be converted, almost instantly, and with but slig'ht expense' and labor, into' steel. Twenty minutes only are necessary to convert a ton of iron info steel of the best quality, a pro cess ordinarily requiring from six to ten days. The inventor' has been offered $12,000 for the patent right for the State of Pennsylvania alone. Articles manufactured from steel thus prepared have been proved and found equal ta those manufactered from the best English steel. If this invention is really what it purports to be, it will destroy one great branch of English labor, and add much to the wealth of this country. The Rev. Mr. Popper, a Presbyterian cler gyman of Albany, N. Y., has invented a com pound of clay,- called Argillo; which resembles in structure' and appearance the richest, varie gated agates. It is to be used for door knobs, pavements, table tops',-and-other ornamental ar ticles. It surpasses in brilliancy any known variety of rharble, artd' is equally cheap. The Hartford Whig wpeaks of it in the fallowing terms : No one; wKo'has not seen it, can form an idea of its-beauty and illimitable variety of color. It. is so hard as to resist any scratch except' that of a crystal or diamond. Already, My. Calhoun has introduced into the Senate a resolution, which passed instantly, to the effect that all the floors of the public offices in the Capitol should be made of this beautiful mate pal." Springfield Repub. The Special Election in Passaic County, N. J. for Sheriff in place of Wm. Masters, ab sconded, on Tuesday, resulted in the election of Nathaniel Lane, (Independent Whig) of Paterson', by about 500 majority over Nath'l Townend, (Loco) of the same place. Rynear S. Spear, ol" Acquackanonk, was first nomin ated by the Whig Convention, but declined ; so the independent Whig, candidate (being supported by the Temperance men) was elec id. . A Convention of pedlers from all parts of the United States is to be held at Aub6rn, on the 4tli ot July next. The arrangements will be on a grand scale, and the committee design making it one of the most attracting affairs- the season. Gen. Cass and the New York Democ racy. . The following extracts are from the New York Globe, the organ of a large portion of the Locofocos of that State. The language which the Globe holds in reference to the Presiden tial nominee of the Baltimore Convention, fore shadows the course which a large and influen tial portion of the Democracy of New Yurk mean to take. They utterly repudiated Gen eral Cass in advance of his nomination, and u is not all surprising that they sthould now re fuse to be bound by his nomination. They wore treated with marked indignity in the Convpn. tiun, and they cannot do less, con.tistemlv and with any degree of self-reaped, than oppose him at the polls. iK We do not regret that this gentleman was preferred for, in regard to him, the views uf the Democracy of our State have been frequent ly expressed. His course upon various ques tions but more particularly on the trj!ot nf maintaining freedom in th'e territories where it now exists, has earned fo'r him the hearty con tempt of the people of this State, and we .ire gratified that an opportunity is presented of de daring this sentiment at the polls. " Had the representa'ifves of New York been allowed to take part in' this nomination, ft will; be seen that a two-thircf vote would not have been obtained for Gen. Cass. We are gratified that such was not the fact, and that we are thus relieved from all responsibility for a nomination: Which reflects deep disgra'de on the parties by whom it was made. The Delegates from' New York were excluded because they were friend ly to'the preservation of freedom' in' free territories,- aYi'd Genera'! Cass was nominated be cause he believed such preservation unconsti tutional. .This is exactly the test presented by Georgia, Virginia, Alabama, and Florida, and to which fhe Uifca Convention solemnly re solved they never would submit. The Demo cratfc party ofthp Union has been dismembered on this s"6le question, and the Democrats of New York are thrown back to the alternative of State action and State nominations. It remains for them to act with calmness, firmness and deter mination which have always signalized their action. "We trust arrangments will be made to receive our delegation with the honor due to their dis tinguished fidelity and ability ; to hear their report, and to consult as to the individuals who should be selected, at this crisis, to hear aloft the glorious standard of free principles. New York has been outraged and insulted the ret ribution will be signal, and Will long riuu in the ears of those who have sought to prostrate Free dom at the shrine of slavery, by putting up a dough-face as the head of a nation of free men. Evil Companions. Lord Chief Justice Holt in his younger years was a wild one, and walked for some time, in a path that apparently led to the gallows, rather than to the Bench. Fortunately for himself,, and the world, however, he turned a short cor ner became a reformed man a great and good one. But although on relinquisning his dissi pated habits, he cut the acquaintance of his a bandoned associates, he had in after life repeat ed opportunities of meeting them again. One of them arraigned before htm for highway rob bery and being convicted, sentence of death was passed upon him. The Chief Justice, be fore his execution, look occasion to visit him. and inquire what had become of a certain set with which in early life, they had both been connected. " Alas,' said the prisoner, ma king a low bow, " they are all hanged, your lordship, but you and 1." Wild Pitfeons. The Louisville Journal says : We hear that the whole face of the country in Indianna, from Corydon to Evansville, a distance of near. ly two hundread miles, is covered with ptgeotv Every species of grain put in the ground by farmers is destroyed forthwith. The slaugbjetv is of course terrible. We have heard of wagpr loads of pigeons sent in all directions.- Lutherans. The General Synod on the Lutheran church has just finished a session of five days. It appears that their clergy now number about 620. They have- under, thei? charge 1650 congregations, to. . which ar& at tached 200,000 members. Their yearly in crease by immigration is 3Q0.0,. and by mem bership 3,000. They also, possess ihree in corporated colleges and Eve theological sem inaries, in which about 150 young men are n course of preparation for the ministry.
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