Fi FFE RS Q NI A N REPIXBLICAN 71'erins,$20.inadcince: $2,iihiiJft;tirlv; uiul .Ji.SO iFnot ,. . paid before the eji'ai the year. democratic Whig no'iiiuious. "FOR GOVKHXOU., JAMES IRVIN, OF CENTRE iCOvUNTV.. FOR CANAL 'COJI.MISStOtf IvR., J-QSEPH W. PATTON, .'OF CUMiHiR.L-X'D iCOVKTY. In conversation with an active politician of the Lo co fo co-party, the other day, a remark was '.made in 'reference to the comb:'; 'election. "" All," -said ho, grant you,! believe Shunk will'be 'beat this1 .lime."1 Wc agreed with him in this -sentiment. It'has'becn willed that an honesty-intelligent cit izenrone who has earned 'his bread by the sweat of his brow, shall be the next Governor of Penn sylvania that man is JAMES JRVIN,of''Gcntre I county. A JYJurderer Arrested. Francis Basler, who 'escaped from the Wyoming county jail 02d January I84.", after having been convicted and sentenced to be 'hanged -for the rcrur 'fiernfXtebert Atkinson, was appiche-ndcd at Bue- nm Rista, 7.1exice, .put in irons, and sent to New Orleans, whither Sheriff Oslerhout has gone for tliim. iile was 'recognised by Luther Adkins, for merly of Turikhannock, ow & volunteer in the )hio company of United "States 'troops in Mexico. A member of the Indiana sregiment -writing to a friend in Wyoming county, says': ""He was immediately handcuffed,. ttnd every thing done lo secure him; but, notwithstanding, he came -very near making his escape. Heuoceed ed an getting out of -the -guard-house after night, -and with the assistance of another man he bribed, the .got his irons efi, but he was caught again early the 'next morning Within about four 4xvilesof -camp: he is .now secured 'in'snch -a manner that it will be impossible to get away. Basler was acting here in the capacity of a teamster, having ot with -the lllinoisians somewhere in Texas."" UTiio American Mali. We "have Teceived the 'first number of this Tiew -weekly journal, published in ihe ciiy of New York, by Ross "Wilkinson, 1 16 Nassau St., and edited by Park Benjamin. It contains ight large pages, primed handsomely. ItS'Cri filial -and selected artices arc all of the highest literacy excellence, and ihe well-known ability rif tlie editor, must ensure for it a large circula lion. It is published on Saturdays, at $3 per annum, in advance. Two copies will be for warded for $5. MEXICAN NEWS. The intelligence from Mexico during the past week is not of much interest, and conse quently the excitement m relation to the pro gress of or urmy has considerably abated. The -only information from that quarter is by ihe steam ship Palmetto, which arrived at New Orleans on the 27th ultimo. The advance uf General Scott's army entered the city of Pue bla on the 37th without an' loss. The Mexi cans lost four in killed, and a number were wounded. Santa Anna was in the city at the time of its capture, but withdrew with Tin amry said to be 10,000 strong. Another Mexican General is between Pucbla-and the capital with 4,000 men. The prospects of another hard battle is con sidered by many to be certain. Rio Frio, a naturally strong point, about thirty miles from Puebla, is being fortified by the enemy, and wili no doubt be the scene of another conflict. General Ilerrera has been elected President of Mexico. The second Pennsylvanlatroops were garri-' soning Jalapa. The troops were in good health Forty Mexican Guerrillas "had been captured on the Rio Grande, others were prowling about, and it was thought wnuld bo taken; Spot on Hie Suh A correspondent of the Newark Daily Adverti ser asserts that the sun's disc, for more than a year, has seldom been seen without spots: Dur ing the two months past (April and May) spots have been more numerous and of greater magnitude It is reasonable to suppose these spots have some influence in affecting and varying the temperature of lhe;W,eather. A comparison of the sun's image "and spbtsj as they appear on a screen, magnified, have at various times shown dark patches enough, il placed together, to cover a circular area of S0 000 miles in diameter; and it is worthy of remark that some of these spots, or rather cluster of spots, burst forth suddenly and appear for a day or two, and tlten as quickly disappear, indicating changes in the luminous envelope upon a most magnificent scale. There -were, on the ,29th of May, six spots on the djof the sun, varying from ,000 to 15,- 000 inilcs,ih diameter. it! Ocweral. JFrviK. We nre amusetKvith a Bisplay of figures -in -one ofithe Locofoco papers in the -interior, brought out to prove Gon.-lrvin's unpopularity at "home. The calculator 'has 'taken the number of -votes received by the -candidate for 'Governor, and nhe Whig Electoral ticket, when the -excitement 'was -very great, and determined therefrom the -vote of Gen. .Irvin in oiier years, -when there -was less excite ment ; and because 'he 'had fewer votes, 'it 'is in ferred that he ys 'Unpopular. The author of these deceptive 'calculations knows full well 'tha't Mr. Irvin (received majorities in his district, that !no other WhigCongressional candidate ever received; indeed, until'he consented to serve, the district was utterly-, darkly, blindly liocofoco. "But the -same paper makes out Mr. Trvin's un uoimlaritv bv another similar statement. " The county in which he resides "is opposed to him in pontics."" That .is true. But Gov. Shunk -lives in Allegheny. Now -if Gen. Irvin does not re duce the Locofoco majority in Centre, his own county, twice as much as Gov. Shunk reduces the Whig majority in Allegheny, then we will confess to the unpopularity of Mr- Jrvin. A-gahi, the same paper? ' In 1814, he was a candidate for nomination for Governor, by his own party, and it was deci ded against him'!" Well, that was something. General levin, in 184-1, was one among- four -or 'five persons sug gested -to the Democratic Whig Convention as candidates for nomination. He ran next to the highest, and was defeated. If our Locofoco con temporary will tell us just the -amount !of unpopu larity which .such a fact implies, he will !ena"ble us to say how much of the same quality is referable to Mr. Slumk, who on the very same Jay, of the same year, and in the same town, met with the same defeat hy his own party, and -only subse quently became a candidate on the -occasion of his rival's death. The same paper says . " In 1817, we find him General Irvin,) running the Iron Master's Monopoly candidate for Govern or of Pennsylvania, with all the Toryism of the Federal Mexican party pinned on to his coat tail!" The Iron Master! How il doss offend the gorge of the pap-sucking Locos, to have any man pre sented for office who has ever earned his bread by the sweat -of hishrow. An Iron Master ! A mere director of furnaces. Why should he be mentioned in -comparison with a man who all his life long .has derived from the .public crib, and never soiled Itis hands with rusty Iron ore, or 'hardened them with the use -of the plough and Shoe? Mexican Parly)'! lrjl Is not Mr. Shunk the partisan, the apologist, the defender, the -candidate of the Santa Anna party 1 Is he not hound up with the man who gave permission to that one-legged scamp to pass through the American blockade, take command of the Mexican troops, lead them -against ihe army of the United States, and deal death at Baena Vista and Cerro Gordo, to nearly one thousand citizens of the United States! Mr. Shunk is the friend of the man who has permitted this most foul act. Mr. Shank is the candidate of the party that, while it has to bow its head in shame at the infamous deed, is compelled to keep silent at the terrible charge; and the advocates of Mr. Shunk are so indiscreet, or fool hardy as to mention the Mexican party. Let them, since they choose to call names, digest the term "Santa Anna and Polk party and while they -do it, let lhem pause, and remember the horrible act by which that epithet is earned. U. S. Gazette. Oil of Stones. Under this title we find in a recent Paris jour nal an account of a singular substance manufac tured in France of peculiar properties. It was discovered se-Teral yearesinces and an interesting paper upon it wasreatl-beforc the Institute. Since then its manufacture, far from being abandoned, a3 many supposed, has been silently undergoing improvements, and recently a company has been formed for its manufacture. It is now termed mineral oil. By means of new and very ingen ious instruments and machinery, they obtain an oil as transparent as the purest water. This re markable liquid is said to have this great advan tage; of not staining by contact, and of giving an admirable light by the fixedness and clearness of the flame The company possess in Autunnois inexhaustible beds of the mineral from which this oil is extracted, ;as well as several olher produc tions, as paraffine, mineral tar, a new kind of ma nure invaluable for exhausted land, and many oth ers. However much we may be surprised, adds the journal from which we derive this information, at seeing a vile and despised rock thus yielding a variety of precious matters, -there is no room for us to doubt the fact. It only proves that the science j of chemistry is in its infancy, and that no one can ' n5rii .anv limits tfi its nrnnroec WIion t)io five attempts were made to burn bitumious:oal, who ! then woukl have believed in such results as gas-i light, its application to the generataon of steam, or the bright future in reserve for so humble a min eral 1 And vet are not the mines uf Auv.in-mnm ---- valuable lo their proprietors than tlie silver mines -of both the Indies 1 The editor of the N. O. MeTcury says he should like to know 1 how much gall a chemist would be able to extract from two such Whig papers as the Louisville Journal and the Phila delphia North American.' Prentice savs ho should like to know how many wooden nut megs a Yankee pedlar would be able to make out of Mr. PolkVheud and Santa Anna's leg. - The AtluiiisistrKtion are! Treason. These -are not words to be lightly coupled. -It-is true that M-exico believes, and acts rewards Santa Anna, as if "he -had been guilty of a 'con spiracy ruinous to botVeountries, base in its in- ception and progress, antl which has, in Mexi - co, been deemed worthy the death of the trai tor. It is not, 'however.'df that we now speak, The Richmond Tilnquireris an organ of 'this Administration. ?It is'immBHiately 'United with the rgovernment paper at -Washington audits views are -therefore cautiously and 'officially ,pronnlgateu fGov. Brown, of Nlissidsippihaa addressed a letter to rhe 'Governor of V-irginia which, as a 'State paper, as a'negotiafion between one State sovereignty and another, 'proimilgeftest reason that soft of treason which, in its resultsaripeals to the strong-arm and challenges that of thefree Stales. The first point to be ascertained is she purpose of Mr. Polk upon this subject. The Richmond Enquirer, Mr. flitchie's paper, gives us tliat xv'irh a temerity of candor. 41 suys " Gov. Brown's letter breathes the true South ern spirit and will meet with a hearty response. On this subject the whole South will be united." Let tis here say that -our remarks upon this subject do not relied upon The noble South. No journal can be more .prompt to do justice to the South than ourselves ; but none will be readier to meet an issue so extraordinary as thai rhus made by the Administration. NVhat is that issue ? The "i'eiTerof Gov. Brown avow s a determination to make waT against the North ern States, if the Wtimoi Proviso be adhered to. Nine of ihe Northern States instructed their representatives to vote, in favor -of that proviso-; but the Administration drove its lac queys into a defiance of the peopled wishes and the Proviso was lost. We the nine Slates which thus instructed nay all the States that do not love slavery for itself-are row told, in terms of strange insolence, that we must sub mit to be made responsible for an extension of slavery, or that we will be forced into it ; that the South will conquer us into slavery, or will dissever the Union. They shall do neither.--The Union is our homestead5 our inheritance bought with the blood of our fathers, blood that now ihrobs in all parts of the nation with loyally to distant graves and firesides, bui that knows no country but one. Il shall not be 'di vided. This is an issue worth the shedding of v blood"; and if it be necessary, those who con jure up the storm, will find elements mingling wim u wnicn, caim ana religious, inaisposea to violence but irresistible in their energies, will . I - 1-1 1-1 1.1 vindicate the Union. These expressions will not be deemed too decisive when we quote the doctrines recognized by ihe Administration : Things are changed-the moements in New York and Pennsylvania rn and out of Con-1 gieaa uie -ct mem panuurnig ui ri caiueimai aspirants to the favor of ubolition, has dissipa ted the first feeling of confident expectation that this, like other heresies, would expire of its own excesses, and the feeling of irritation has subsided into one-of calm and dispassionate de termination first, to exhaust all the resources of reason and argument in exhorting our North ern brethren to let us alone on this subject ; and if these fail if the spirit of abolition invade the councils of the naiion--prompting the strong party to wrest from the weak ihe fruits of its toil its propertythe peaceable possession of which was guaranteed by I he Constitution, then, deplorable as may be the consequences, we will feel prepared, having exhausted every fra ternal remedy, to become enemies, and defend our rights with those means which God and Nature have placed in our hands. What being "let alone" is, is thus explained: i am opposed, therefore, and in this I think I but echo the common sentiment of Mississip pi, --to going into convention with our northern brethren without a prior distinct understanding that the candidate selected must ndt only be sound on this subject, bul beyond the taint of suspicion. If an abolitionist, even in the modified form of a " Wilmoi Proviso" man is elevated to tho Presidency, (which may God in his mercy pre vent,) the South owes it to her domestic quiet, tj ihe conduct which such an e'ct may force he'rto adopt, to have no part nor Idi in the electing of such a President. Now these are the principles of iho present National Administration. Tho State adminis tration agrees with it in every thing. Its friends occupy the same position and, avow the slime doctrines. Where does all this place us? Acs- C0Tdin ,b lhx3 orSaT1 of Mr- olk ,1,KS0 trlMes are tn0se ,no Par!y. They establish facts. 1. That no man, unprepared to avow a desire to extend slavery (not to support ii as it is--but to extend it, turn free lands into slave lands, and breed slaves, as they breed cattle, for prof ii,) shall be a President of iho United Slates. 2. That, if the Slates of the North are not prepared to submit to these conditions-imposed by the South and to abandon all right or'privi lege of self government, then the South will not meet them in Convention, on the choice of a President, but will regard iheni as enemies and appeal to the means which GoJ and nature hai-e placed in iheir hands. 3. That if we are not prepared to submit to the 'extension df slavery, though a majority of the .'people north and south b'e-oppOaed to it, we are noirhe'rely to be discarded, 'riot only is the Union to be dissolved, Hot only 'is rur 'govern- jmeirt to be overthrown, but we are to be warred against as 'enemies. Ve will feel," lays Go vernor Brown, "prepared, having exhausted every fraternal remedy, TO B'CCOM'E ENE MIES, and to defend otfr 'rights with those mesns which God and nature Iia've plac'cd in our hands." Thus we have not a mere t'hreat, but a distinct 'declaration of war in advatrce, and, by a '-Governor-of a State, communica'ted in a Srarepaper, and recognized by an organ j of the Nationa'i Administration in the emphatic declaration that uCGo'j. Broior. 'letter breathes -the trite 'spirit." "We venture, anil 'Upon Wlfiiierit grmnils, to say that it does not. We allege that north and south -are srHI ihe same pouiirfg 'fraternal blood into the -veins of the Union, tind 'tlfrob'brng with a common 'rtft'piil-e 'at fisliuir'rt. Shotild "-enemies," such as t'he administration treason pro poses, appear at the south, southern 'fidelity will take-care of them. lout not the less s'hoifh'i the facrs 'litre Stated be carefully considered. They prove a delib erate design, approved hy the administration, tc !issolr-o the Union. -.-AWA American. FOREIGN NEWS. The ship Rainbow arrived at New YoVk, on ihe 1st in st. with 'Liverpool dates to the 8ih tilt. Money was scarce, and the rales of discount ! were from 5 to 12 per cent. Tire pressure af - focted the cotton market. Grain of all kinds had advanced Indian Corn two shillings per 480 pounds-, and Wheal four pence per'buahcl ; and Flour was worth from 42s. Gd. ro 44 shil lings per barrel-, in Liverpool. In London, Wheal had advanced 5s. per quarter-, lirdian Corn, and Flour 2s. per barrel. In Ireland, the famine was on the increase 25G funerals had laken place in Father Mathew's cemetery in one week. SLEVEN DAYS LATER. Tire stcaner Ribernia arrived at Boston, on Thursday, with Liverpool dares to the 19ihult. The Cotton trade had suffered "severely tinder tliR pressure in the mOney market, bul a better feeling was manifesting hself. The price of Canadian red wheat was -13s. to 14s.-; white do. 14s. to Ms. 3d.; U. S. red, l-3s. 9d. to 14s. ; white do. 14s. ijd. to Us. 8d. Indian corn was worth 58s. to 5 Is. 6d. on the 4th inst. Yesterday it brought f63s. to 1563. per Quarter of 430 lbs On the 4h intt weouoted j Canadian superfine flour at 40s. to 41s. per bar ! rel ; U. S. sweet, 39s. to 40.s.'6d. Qur quota- tions lo-day show a rise of 7s. 6d. to per quarter on the former, and 8s. 6d. to 9s. Gd. on the latter. The pressure upon the money market Has been more severe than has been experienced , for years past. Matters, however appear to be improving.. France It was stated in the Chamber oT Peers, on the 10th inst., by the Minister of Commerce and Agriculture, that ihe prospects of the next harvest were extremely promising, Notwithstanding this prospect, the markets coii- untie lo rise in various parts of France. The weather in England has been farorahle to a crop, and the accounts from iheCo'ntinent postmasters to demand postage on all papers are encouraging -; and yet the price of grain not sent to sKctecribcrs from the office of publi rises. Iiui as ihe harvest approaches-, a fat! is !fcaiion-. confidently aniicipated. A correspondent of one of the London papers writes in the follow ing unqualified strain ; " I have just traversed the whole of the ceti- tral and tipper districts of the Peninsula l cart affirm that for the last I en v vears never Was the aspect of the country, or the operations of arid the instructions, and he will justify our. the farmer, in a state so promising. From Egypt conclusions. wo learn that the corn harvest in boih Upper And now lire public will ask for a remodv r and Middle Egypt had heen got in, and was j and if ihey will act, they will have it speedlfv. most abundant, the Viceroy estimates that there; Let every postmaster who withholds a papr will be 4,300,000 hectolitres of corn for expor- not sent from the office of publication, be re lation in July, ai ihe rise of the waters uf the quired ro deliver the paper free, and in case of Nile. Wilmer & Smith says :: "iaurope at large is suffering under the dire calamity of scarcity of food. From Ireland, tho accounts aTb unfortunately no belter. The mortality from sickness pro duced by famine is awful. Still relief had af forded a partial alleviation. , Kc its otks oa not Fighting a ti M. de Langerio and M. do Montandc, both remarkably ugly men, quarrelled-, andchalenged one another. Arrived at iho place -of meeting, M. do Langerie stares his adversary in ihe face, and says-- "l have just reflected I can't fight you." With this he returned the sword into the scabbard. "How, siry-whai does ibis mean?" -It means ihat I shall noi fiolu." "What! you insult me, and refuse to yivc me ! satisfaction 1 itTr t l ii i nave insuueu you, 1 ask a thousand par donsj but I have an insurmountable reason for not fighting with you." .. "But, sir, may one know ii?" , "Ii will offend you." "No, sir." "You assure me!" " i es, I assure you." . "Well, sir, this is it if we fight, according to all appearances, L shall kill you, and then I shall remain the ugliest fellow in the kingdom". lfis;adversary could not lmlp laughing, and '!y returned o ihe ciiy good friends. IMPORTANT VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS, BV Tlr POSTMASTER 'GENERAL. Being stire that the 'Postmaster General wall violating the 'Post Office !haw 'in the instruc tions he had given 'to 'his subordinates, w have a wailed with some anxiety rhe official pnblica of the Laws of iheUnited States. The pamph let came fo hand "yesterday ; and wetakethi t'he first opportunity, therefore, 'to how whr. th'e latv is in the matter of newspaper pOstagn antl to advise fife ptiblic no longer fo submit t a'n imposition, fy'hat part of t he new Post Of fice 'Laiv which folates to newspapers is offf. cially :publUhed", !iViblluws,.Ktclua7( CL liter d(im:: "Section 1 S. A' rib be .ii further enacted, thiiV it shall -noi 'be lawful ;to deriffsire in any post of fice, to be conveyed 'in the 7natK :wo or mor.'s letters directed to dfrlcYemi .plix'sUite 'e'n closed h the same envelope or packet :; a'fsfl any person so offending shall forfeit the sum cf fen dollars-, to be recovered by action qui Lain, 6n'6 'half fir the use of the informer, and the other half fur the use of the Post Office Department : Pro vided, that this prohibition shall not apply ti any letter or packet -directed to any foreign coun'ry-; and all newspapers cOnvyed- in th triajlhall be suWjec't to postage, except those sent 'by way 'of exchange between the publish ers of newspapers, aud'exx-rpl franked by per sons eiijoyitrg the franking privilege, and news papers not sent 'from rhu office of publication; and all handbills 'Or "circulars printed or litho graphed, ; exceeding OWe srht'fc', "shall be subject to three cents postage, each, "except those frank ed by .persons ervjoyfrfg lire franking -pfrtvili-ge, a'rrd "newspapers nofsent from the office o'f publication-; and ali handbills 'or circulars printed or lithographed, net exceeding one sheet, shall be Mibject To three cents postage, each, re bo ! paid when deposited in any post office to bo 1 conveyed in the -ma-i'l Phi's is the official Ian, published by authority, with the punciuacort preserved m every respect. It will he seen, u enacts that all newspapers are fr'ee'e'xrepi i'uom! sent from th'e 'tfmce of -publication ; that in u. casxjtan prepayment Le demanded except for tircnlara and handbills of one sheet each. No provision of the 'del law is changed except for stich circulars and "hir.dbills as are coniposet of one she'e'l 'ea'ch. This law, as we have mentioned, ha juVi been published. To show ro what extent the Post Master General haa carried his on'rageou violations of this law-j before its publication, we copy the following frotn hi3 circular 'of instruc tions issued on the 12'hYV March, four days af ter the adjournment of Congress. It will be remembered that he had the law before hnn officially at that time 8. Transient newspapers (he say) or tho.s not sent from ihe office of pttbiica ion to su -scrilyers, handbills or circular tellers, printed of lithographed, noi exceeding one cheet in size will pay -3 teiltsj upon dltw.ry Vi the ofiice and all such w1l! "be charged by ihe deputy postmasters as prepaid mailers in the way bills and upon their accounts of mails sent, and stamped Or marked " paid-," with the name of the office froiri which jfeVii. The Postmaster "General here directs the following gross violations :: 1st-. Thai transient newspapers, or shose not sent front the office of publication lu subscribers shall be subject to three cents postage. Tho law says, that newspapers not ent from tho office of publfc-aiion are exenipi from payment i xjf postage ; and in rvo -case demands pre-pay i j nient t.-T postage -upttn Vke'Ri-, whether sent by publishers or others 2nd. The Postmasecr General directs 4lie - This is an'dther Tis'nrp'aiion. The law does not require; as will be seen above, that news papers shall he sent to subscribers. Neither tlie word'hor the subsiance of tho law authori- ' zes any such exaction. It is a gratuitous usur- Oafron. then. T.p.i iha m.-wW rnmnnrn th law' refusal, lei him be prosecuted before a Justice of the reace, and we shall soon see whether Mr. Cave Johnson is to make laws, or whether' they 'are lo bo passed by Congress. N. Y, Express A 'citizen of Baltimore has made three sever al attempts at self-destruction during the pas week, by hanging himself. He suspended" himself by the neck- on the first night, with a strong determination to die, bul his wife discov ered him and cut-him down. The next night he attempted ihe same foolish act, and again hi3 wife interposed and cut him down. The third night he again suspended himself with a most determined eflbrt at strangling. His wife see tng his resolution and fixed determination to die, thought it nonsense to bo cnttino him down, and very complcenily told him lu hang as lot. as ho pleased. He hung a considerable Wine, uutil he began lo feel shori winded, and seemi; his wife did not interpose, with a desperate ef fort he seized a knife, and cut himself down ! He had not, at the latest account, made a fourth attempt. -1 A Miss Pumpkin, of Vermont, has lately been married to a Mr. Pie This eonres very near making pumpkin pie. It is estimated that the surfac-e planted witlt corn this year in the State of New Jersey, ex ceeds that of last year by 100,000 acres,, which ought to yield three or four million bushels. r
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers