c it ciT00nt cut 9 ft- '' Thk whole art ok Government consists in the art of being honest. Jefferson. VOL 5. STROTJDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, JULY 18, 1844. No. 12 TPDfQ Tien ilfillnre nfr nnntim in aitrrmi,,. Ttin Hnllnrs and a quarter, half yearly and if not p-iid before the end of the rear, Two dollars and a half. Those who receive their paper! by a carrier or stage drivers employed by the proprie tors, will be charged 3 1-2 cts. per year, extra. No papers discontinued until all airearages are paid, except in? Advertisements not exceeding one square (sixteen lines) will be inserted three weeks for one dollar : twenty-five cents uc til uiawuutib n iu uc i iauc iu i-' 1 1 ' Ur.it icurs auuresscu 10 we duuuia mi us jrvr.. iiu. JOB PRINTING. . i i .11 ... J . . I mill. H nncf n11rt Having a general assortment of large elegant plain and orna mental Type, we are prepared to execute etery description of Cards, Circulars, Bill Heads, Rote, Blank Keccjpi-S JUSTICES, LEGAL AN J) OTHER 1SLANKS, PAMPHLETS, &c. Printed with neatness and despatch, on reasonable te.nns AT THE OFFICE OF THE Jcffcrsonian Republican. The Farmer. Of all the pursuits by man invented, The Farmer's make the best contented; His calling good, his profits high, And on his labor all rely. Mechanics all by him are fed, Of him the Merchant seeks his bread: His hand gives meat to every thing, Up from the Beggar to the King; The milk and honey, corn and wheat, Arc by his labors made complete. Our clothes from him must first arise To deck the fop and dress the wise; We then by vote may justly state The Farmer's rank among the great; More independent than they all, That dwell upon this earthly ball. Hail, all you Farmers, young and old, Push on your plough with courage bold, Your wealth arises from' your clod, Tour independence from your God. Since then the plough supports the nation, And men of rank of every station, Let Kings to Farmers make a bew, And every man procure a plough. American Character. "The American people," says Mr. Godley, in his letters on America, "are superior to our selves in energy, enterprise, perseverance, sa gacity, activity. Mid varied resources, in all the faculties, in short, which contribute to produce what is how technically called material civili zation, and whit have always, in a peculiar man nor, distinguished the B:iith from the conti nental Europeans. "Wherever," he says, "ihey have a fair field for the exercise of them, they hf?at us. Their ships sail better, and are worked by fewer men, their settlers pay more for their land than our colonists, and yet undersell them in their own markets; wherever administrative talent is called into play, whether in the man agement of a hotel, or a ship, or a prison, or a factory, there is no competing with them; and after a little intercourse with them, 1 was not surprised that it should be so; for the more I travelled through the country, the more was I struck with the remarkable average intelligence which prevails. I never met a stupid Amen can. I never met one from whose conversa Hon much information might not be gained, or who did not appear familiar with life and busi tiM, and qualified to make his way in them. There is one singular proof of the general en ergy and capaciiy for buiness which early habits of self-dependence have produced ; al most every American understands, takes a live ly interest in them (though many abstain under dir.coiiragemeiit or disgust from taking a prac tical par'.) and is familiar not only with the af fairs of hi own township, or county, but with those of the State and of the Union; almost ev.-ry man reads about a dozen newspapers every day, and will talk to you for hours if you will listen to him about the tariff, and the bank; and the Ashbttr'on treaty. Now, anywhere eUe the result of all ibis would be the neglect of private buine;s not so here; an American eems to have time, not only for his own affairs, but for those of the commonwealth, and to find it easy to reconcile the apparently inconsistent pursuits of an ever bustling politician, and a viady man of business. Such a union is rare ly to- lc met with m England, and never on the Continent." BEES. T o stop br-es from fighting and rob. "-bing one another, break the comb of the robbers o ilia the honey will run down among them, and they will go to work at home. I had two "hives of bees destroyed this month by being -robbed, and should have had another robbed, if 1 had not received the above information. Cultivator. We are sometimes apl to wonder to see those people proud who have done the meanest things, and a shame of hearing of ihem, often make the composition we call pride. Schools of Pennsylvania; During the past year, nine hundred and forty-five districts levied the necessary amount of school tax, and drew their portion of the Slate appropriation. Eiyhi hundred and sixty-five of these have forwarded their annual reports. The number of male scholars was one hundred andsixiy-one thousand, one hundred and sixty four, and of female scholars one hundred and twenty-seven thousand, five hundred and ninety-eight. The average number of scholars in each school was forty-five, and the cost of teaching each scholar per month forty cents and a half, or one dollar and twenty-one cents per quarter. The amount of State appropria tion paid to the accepting districts was two hundred and seventy-two thousand, seven hun dred and twenty-dollars, and the school tax lev ied in the same districts, amounted to four hun dred and nineteen thousand and twenty dollars. The whole cost of instruction in the reporting districts, was four hundred and forty-six thous and three hundred and seven dollars and sixty- one cents. Fuel and contingencies, thirty-eight thousand one hundred and forty-six dollars and fifty-one cents, and the whole amount paid for schcoJ houses ninety-two thousand seven hun dred and furty-uino dollars. Hen's Eggs. We have; received from a subscriber a couple of hen's cgs.. f immense size being a speci men of the productions of a breed of hens bro't into this country, from Guilderland a few years since, by Capt. John Deveraux, of Marhlehead. They weigh 3 oz. and 3-4 a piece, and meas ure 7 3-4 inches in xnr.cumfcrence one way and 6 1-2 the other. If any one has any lar ger hen's eggs, bring lhe,m along ! We learn that these Dutch Jowls are ol a large size, some weighing se vert pounds a piece, of a coal black color may be easily fattened, are delicate food, and first rale Jayers. Their eggs are usually one-third larger than those of our ordinary fowls. One of the hens which Capt. Deveraux brought home, laid 160 eggs, daily, in succession ! Mercantile Journal. Pennsylvania Tolls. The amount of Tolls received on the Slate improvements, since the opening of the naviga tion the present season, up to July 1, 1S44, is $597,706 69. Of this sum, $509,210 have been received on the main line. The total in crease of ihe present over the last year, is $131,347 31 the increase on iho main line alone being $92,681 45. " Go it while you're young " The Augusta (Maine) Farmer, has a leader of a column long, headed "Go it while you're young" and in the course of the article the editor exhorts his read ers to be careful how they "go it;" he tells them to " go it" for early rising ; " go it" for virtue ; "go it" for education, intelligence, wisdom, &c; "go it" for temperance for strict honesty; "go it" for matrimony ; and in all your "goings" don't forget to "go it for a newspaper." Important Galvanic Experiment. Mr. Ross presented a potatoe seven inches in circumference, and others no larger than peas, ail planted in the same soil, at the same time-the 25th of May. The large one was from a small plot under the influence of a galvanic battery. Plates of copper and zinc were placed at distances of about 200 feel apart, the potatoe planted between. They were connected by a copper wire following on ,the fence. litis formed a battery, the mo;sture and acids of the earth exciting jhe galvanic influence which ivas thus constantly through the soil in which the potatoes were planted. This is the most im portant result ever yet obtained by this exper iment in the cultivation of plants. It has pre viously been tried with success in the conserv atories of England. Exchange paper. Editorial EITarcisfaips. The editor of the Temperance Advocate, published at Columbia, S. C. apologizes for the dullness of his sheet by urging that he has to tally exhausted every topic connected with the good cause he advocates. In his grief ho de dares himself almost ready to cry out, with the North Carolina boy who was moving to Texas. "The mare'n loose! Tig's dead! the skil let's broke! Sal's so drunk she don't know herself from seven dollars and a halfand I don't care a d n if 1 ever see Texas." A View Trickster. A legerdemaiuist who calls himself Herr Dabbler, was astonishing the good people e! London at the last accounts. In one of his tricks he places a glass of muddy water on the table, and oer it a small wooden cover, when, instanter, the water is changed from its state ol impurity to clearness and brilliancy In another, he puts into a large kettle, with no communication with any surrounding object, except by a rope by which it is hung, three dead pigeons with about a gallon of water, and. after applying a spirit lamp, he takes off the lid when the water has found some vent, the pot i empty, and three live pigeons flutter around the theatre. He is a German. Henry Clay. Tune "It's my delight of a shiny night" rWritten by a Gentleman of Chester county, Pa. O! come let's sing of the Farmer, The bright star of the West, Of all the Statesmen in the land, "The wisest and the best." We'll shout his great and glorious name, In thrilling tones to-day O! he hails from 'Old Kentuck,' my boys, Thcyvcall him Harry Clay. His name is borne on every gale, 'Tis heard on every side ; His country's brighiest ornament, Her glory, boast and pride ; 'Tis brcathed in every sunny land. Fair Greece lakes up the lav, And Columbia's grateful sons yet love Their Champion Harry Clay. Though now the foremost of the first; Among the wise and great, He owes his brightest glory to No accidental fate; The ' Mill-Boy of iho Slashes' first, He soared his upward wa 'Till a nation's tongue now calls upon It's fav'rite Henry Clay. No narrow views or selfish ends; Contract his manly soul ; He scorns to favor any clique, He labors for the whole ; Brave, honest, gen'rous, firm and true; And never known to stray; No 'traitor' vile need we to fear, In noble Henry Clay. When British foes assailed our rights Our seamen dared t' enslave His voice rang through our council halls, Those sacred rights to save. It nerved each daring soldier's arm To drive the foe away, And our glorious Union now we owe To fearless Ilary Clay. When strife aroe among the Stales, To mar their sisterhood, And frenzied Treason threatened hard To deluge all in blood ; His spirit bold rode o'er the storm And changed dark night to day, And the Union stands a monument To fearless Harry Clay. The Statesman wise and eloquent, Friend of the workman's cause, The champion of his country's rights, Defender of her laws ; To right the erring ship of State, And to direct her away ; The people now call to the' helm, Their pilot, Harry Clay. From ev'ry corner of our land, Where Maine's dark forest's frowfy Where Allegheny's lofty heights On ferule fields look down, Where Mississippi's waters roll, And Georgia's plains look gay; he gallant Whigs together shobt A 'Bugle Blast' for Clay. The latest Yankee notion, says the St. Loui is Reville, thai we have heard of, is the progress thiough Iowa of a chap who bores ears and puts in little rings, of fourteen carats quality, at i wo bits a pair. The advertisement we met with show 8 that thismew Yankee speculator is named "Hiram Fife," and future commentators upon Shakspeare will, no doubt, notice him as the "ear-piercing Fife!" The editor of the Buffalonian says he would as soon try to go to sea on a shingle, make a ladder of fog, chase a streak of lightning thro' a crab-apple orchard, swim the rapids of Niag ara, or set Lake Erie on fire with Lucifer matches, as to think of stopping two young people from gelling married, when they take it into their heads to do so. The wife of a studious man went into his li brary when he was reading and wihhed that hhe was a book, for then he would be more at tentive toher. 'I wish you were an alirwnac,' said het because then I should have a new one every year. Rapid Progress iu iTCusic. It is said thai-there is a young man in N, York scarcely 18 years of age, who commenced bui six months ago practising on the whistle, and he is now capable of blowing the tin horn to cull his father to dinner. From the N. Y. Tribune The Game of Deception. We have before us a Loco-Foco pamphlet of 40 pages, published by N. Hickman, Baltimore, and obviously got up under the auspices of the late Baltimore Convention, entitled " The Life and Public Services of the Bon. James Knox Polk, with a Compendium of his Speeches on Various Public Occasions. Also, A Sketch of the Life of the Hon. George Mifflin Dallas. We give the title of this pamphlet in full in or der to show Us promises; we will now proceed to set forth its performance. The Life of Mr. Polk commences with the statement that his great-uncle, Thomas Polk, of N. C. was an early and ardent Whig of ihe Re volution. So far true; but the writer conceals the equally well known fact that James K. Polk's grandfather, Ezekiel Polk, was a famous Tory throughout the Revolution, and barely es caped execution as such for his outrages when taken at last prisoner by the exasperated Whigs. Now this is no fault of Mr. J. K. Polk's, but it is shabby to attempt making capital out of the Whigism of a greai-uncle, concealing the fact that his grandfather was so bitter and active a Tory in the hert of as strong a Whig commu nity as that of Mecklenberg, N. C. Coining down to Mr. Polk's own time, we are told that he entered Congress young, and followed implicitly the lead of Gen. Jackson in the Bank war, and hostility to Internal Improve ments, and pieces of his Speeches on the Re moval of the Deposiles and sustaining the Mays ville Veto, are given ; but not one word, either in his life or speeches, of his being the author or champion in Congress of ihe Pet Bank scheme a medley of gross corruption and hum bug which the Whigs told him would fail must fail, because it had within it the elements of dissolution. Neither is there a whisper of his early, deadly, persevering hostility to any sort of a Protective Tariff", which led him even to rote to crush the Compromise Act in the first year after its passage, and put down the duties at once to a Revenue standard. His bitter, life-long hostility to Protection, commenced in 1828 and was prosecuted to the utmost even in ihe campaign of 1843, with false assertions that the effects of Duties are always to raise prices correspondingly and absurd predictions that the present farm would prove utterly in adequate to the production of sufficient Reve nue. Of Mr. Polk's uniform opposition to ihe acis passed from lime to lime providing some relief for the aged Veterans of our Revolution, robbed of iheir pay by the worthless Continen tal currency, and his vole in a minoriiy of 32 against a proposition (moved by a Virginian) to take more effectual measures for the suppres sion of the African Slave-Trade; we have not a word. In fact, you would hardly guess from ibis most luminous ' life' that Mr. Polk ever did any thing iu Congress but help Gen. Jackson breakdown the Bank and Internal Improve ments. But on the last page of the cover, there is a single passage quoted from his speech at Jackonn, Term, on the 3d of April, 1843, in which he says, " He (Col. P.) was opposed to Direct Taxes, and to prohibitory and protective duties, and in favor of such moderate duties as would not cut off importations. In other words, he was in fa. vor of reducing the duties to the rates of the Com promise Act, where the Whig CoAgress found thetn on the 30th of June, 1 842." This passage, the ' Life' says, "runs concur rently with the views of Mr. Clay himself," in a speech made by him on the 21t of January, 1842, of which they quote from the condensed, hasty, daily report of ihe National Intelligencer the following: u Carrv out then the spirit of the Compromise Act. Look to REVENUE ALONE for the support of Government. Do not raise the ques tion of Protection, which I had hoped had been put to rest. THERE IS NO NECESSITY OF PROTECTION FOR PROTECTION." Here, then, are two passages picked out from two of the many speeches of Mr. Clay and Col. Polk respectively, to prove that their views with respect to the Tariff are essentially concurrent.1 But who believes a word of this? Do the au thors and distributors of this pamphlet 1 Not a man of them! Does any man who knows any thing of the history of these two men 1 Impos sible. Look at the eagerness with which South Carolina rushes to the Polk standard, express ly on the ground that Polk is her man on the Tariff and Clay is not. The truth is, these men mean to deceive. It is just the same as though they weie uttering counterfeit money. Thoy know that Messrs. Clay and Polk's views .on the Tariff are discordant, antagonist, yet they labor and hope to make their readers be lieve the contrary. Honest politicians ! But let us look at ihe language they have pressed inio iheir service. Mr. Polk says plumply ho is in favor of cutting down ihe pres ent Tariff to ihe rates of the Compromise Act that is, to twenty per cent, at the highest. This is what he is arguing for, as the rest of his Speech shows to keep the Proceeds of the Public Lunds in the Treasury, and reduce the duties levied by the present Tariff to twen ty per cent. This, he says, is required by the Compromise Act, being in deadly hostility to the principle and provisions uf th.i preSetti Tariff Does Mr. Clay soy anything like this? Far from it ! He says, indeed, that we should' ent ry out the spirit of the Compromise Act,' aiid that if w; do this, we need not raise ihn qiiM. tion of Protection, because there is no notes- sity or Protection for Protection.' When h says " Look in Revenue alone for ilia .ttpptri uf Government," he expressly means. ' L""k Customs alone for the support of Government and distribute the Land Proceeds to the States, as was understood when the Compromise bill was passed. Then levy your duties fairly, witlL a proper discrimination in favor of our ILml'i Industry raise enough Revenue from Cutoni4 for the wants of the Government, and Mher n no need of raising ihe question of Protection. for Protection' that is, of Protection wh.iliy- dissevered from the idea of Revenue. This i Mr. Clay's understanding of the spirit of iW Compromise Act,' and this he 1ms er !hii willing to observe. But cutting dow u all d title to twenty per cent, or lower, and keeping iho Land Fund from the States to make, up ihe de ficiency, he has always protested again.l M has repeatedly expressed his approval of thi present Tariff as "in the main, wie and prop er," and publicly rejoiced over the defeat of ihj furious attempt to destroy it made by Mr. Poik'n friends, in accordance with Mr. Polk's own. speeches. He declares deadly hostility to thu. Tariff" as it i?, while Mr. Clay is us advoensa -and champion. How base and insnl.tin; :o thru popular intelligence, then, is the studied effort of this pamphlet, and of such journals as the Albany Ai'gits and Newark Morning Post, to make their readers believe that Messrs. Clay'' and Polk hold the same views on iho Tariif question ! The Cloven Foot Revealed. We ask the candid attention of readers., og" every name to the subjoined extract from Mr. McDuffie's speech at the Democratic As secia tion in Richmond, Va. Read it thooo'iifally. and then say Whether Mr. Polk and his South ern allies and supporters can be in faror of thiv Tariff as their Northern managers here false- ly pretend ? Read it, and say whether Norih ern farmers and mechanics can trust these vsett. with the power of the General Government Fellow Citizens : Whenever I address vnt upon the wrongs and outrages that unjust "and unconstitutional Tariff laws impose upon yu I always resolve before-hand to be calm and collected, and in no way lo indulge, in my feel ings but it is impossible to restrain thm. ai. they throng before the remembrance of these wrongs. I solemnly declare, on my responsi bility, (a laugh from a few Whigs, probably, present,) and before God, and l iake my repu tation upon it, that man never before has invent ed such a system of grinding oppression as :hi Tariff taxation on our incomes. They hide it from common gaze, and to save t'nemselves from torriblo popular indignation, but they cannot hide it froiri the South, for it is impressed upon her by poverty and a declining trade. All our agricultural productions oo abroad, but lhat sys tem of taxation cuts us off from all thai market God has given us. We have as much right to exchange bur products with foreigner, as one man has a right to trade wiih another as much right as there is io exchange a horse, or any other article, without the intervention of a po lice exacting a severs taxation. But forty or fifty men from the North, principally from New England, liave devised a system that shuts us out from, our foreign markets, and aided by Southern Whigs, (God save the mark) have carried it into execution. And, great God, what a system! When, in 1842, it was pro nosed, the patriots of the South rose up as one man against it. The South was a phalanx un divided and indivisible. North Carolina, if I remember, led off in the opposition. From 181G till 1842, the South voted unanimously ( against all these schemes to impoverish the South and to aggrandize the North. But where is North Carolina now t Where is Georgia? Not on solitary Whig rote from the Southern States, save one from Georgia, (Mr. Chappel,) voted for the' repeal of the terrible Tariff of 1842. This section of the Union, which from the time of the serious protective Tariff agita tion, in IS24, has stood in a phalanx for years and years, independent of parties, is now bro ken in upon. The Whigs have gone over to the enemy the enemy of the South, under some extraordinary, unaccountable revolution That Black Wilis Tariff of 1S12. Last Friday a Whig merchant in this place, bought the sheering of a flock of sheep from a locofoco, for which he paid $175. Last year the same merchant paid the same man for ihe sheering of the same sheep only $125. What a. wicked Black Tarithat is, ruining ihe far mers, laborers and mechanics. One fact like this outweighs all the judicious Tariff arguments lhat can be produced. Ogdensburg N. Y. Sent. How can any farmer who is acquainted with these facts sustain James K. Polk, who think that wool should be duty free."
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers