n JEFJFERSONlAN REPUBLICAN .-" i JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLICAN StroucUburg, September 28, l4&. TTerms, $2,00 n advance: 5.2.25, naif yearly; and $2,50 if not paid befoic the end of the vcar. ' " MCf v- Palmer, Esq., at his Real Estate and Coal Office, 2o. 59 Pine street, below .Third, "two squares S. the Merchants' Exchange, Phila-J "delphia, is authorised to receive suosenpnons and ''advertisements for the Jeffersonian Republican, and give receipts for the same. Merchants, Me chanics, and tradesmen generally., may extend "stheir business by availing themselves of the op wfportunities for advertising in country papers which l .'Ails agency affords. DEMOCRATIC VlIIG NOMINATION FOR -CANAL COMMISSIONERS. 1 . WILLIAM TWEED, of Northumberland, BENJAMIN WEAVER, of Allegheny, ' V SIMEON GUILFORD, of Lebanon. Catuai Commissioners. Not tho least imporiant duty which the vo ter of iPennsylvatiia will have to perform at -the coming election, will be the choice ofthree Canal Commissioners. The corruptions which ' had crept into the Canal Board, and the evils which consequently afflicted the Stale, called ".so loud for reform, that at the last Session of the Legislature a Law was passed, which pro-.-viides for the election of three Commissioners otitis fall, and of one at every ensuing general 1 'election , so that hereafter these officers will 'be elected by th people, instead, of being ap "r "pointed by the Governor. It becomes the du ty of the people then .to see that capable and . honest men are chosen, who will root out these corruptions, and reform all the consequent evils. There arc now two tickets before 4ho peo ple, from which they may make a choice. The - loco foco, or democratic ticket, as it is called, has on it the names of James Clarke, Jesse ' Miller, and William B. Foster. As we pub lished an article from the Philadelphia Nation al Forum, in our paper of last week, which ..went into a full investigation of their merits and fitness for the office, wo will say nothing further at present, than that we consider all three of them men, who from their tortuous public career, as well as their personal incom petency, a'ra totally unfit for the res'ponsible station. The other, or Whig ticket, which we have placed at the head of this column, is composed , tf men against whose moral or public charac f V-rs, not even a shadow of suspicion rests. One of them is a practical Engineer, and all 4 arc distinguished for their general intelligence and well known business habit. They were selected with great unanimity by the nomina . .Ming Convention, from among a number of other excellent names, and afterwards unanimotniy ' recommended by them to the people for elec tion. We feel confident that if chosen, they will not hetray the trust reposed in them; but by a faithful discharge of their duties, render general satisfaction. . -? ILoco Foco Ticket. Tho following is the Regular Loco Foco - 'Ticket, for this County, as far as it has been completed. -TOR COXCREES, Richard Brodhead, jr. of Northampton. FOR SENATOR, n " Moses W. Coolbaugh, of Monroe. TOR. ASSEMBLY. rpHugh B. Hineline, of Northampton, . George Bachman, do Rudolphus Smith, of Monroe. In addiiion lo the above, F. W. Hughes, of Schuylkill, is also a Candidate for Senator. Revival of Business. , We can scarcely take up a paper, now a : days, without having our eyes greeted with the - cheering announcement that business is every ;Vwhere reviving and wears a most animated ap H,pe"arance. In tho cities, the merchants are aU " , .busy, and their sales, which are mostly for cash, ifkre larger than they hare ever been before. The mechanics, too.hare plemy of employment, fttid'recejre fair wages. Our manufactories are -alsoonce more resounding with the humof active life, affording labor to ihousands of our people, ...vand enriching the country by domestic indus xk. This favorable change in the business '-Concerns of the country, has all been produced ' hy "the operations of the new Whig Tariff, "which is just beginning to diffuse its blessings throughout the land. If any of our readers ever serious doubted the good effects of a Pro ifcttvb Tariff, let them look abroad over the . jjand and see our reviving trade, our successful .lsuimmeroe,.aHdiouriresu8citated manufactories, I -.F-f.W-. Hughes, EsqV The last number of the Pottsville Miners' Journal contains a long Communication from Mr. Hughes, one of our candidates for State Senator) in reply to a letter addresed to him by a number of Citizens of Schuylkill county, in which tbey asked him to declare his senti ments in regard to the " Existing Tariff," the " Distribution of the Proceeds of the Public Lands among the States," an "Out-let Lock at Blacks' Eddy' &c. We are pleased to sea that Mr. Hughes meets the inquiries of his fellow-citizens in a candid and fearless manner. He avows himself op posed to an "Out-lei Lock" upon the grounds of its being highly detrimental to the interests of the coal region, and unwise and impolitic as a Siale measure. The subject of the "Public Lands," he says, involves considerations of much importance, and which Tequire great con sideration to determine. But in order to se cure tho permanency of the Tariff, he would support that, or any other wise and politic measure. As to the "Tariff," itself, he is per fectly orthodox, and regards its continuance as of the greatest moment. We copy the follow ing remarks of his on that stiject. . "I have always been the friend and advocate of a Tariff, both for revenue and protection. The present Tariff Act, alihough perhaps not perfect in its details, .is upon the whole calcu lated to afford protection and will probably an swer the purpose for revenue. This will be ascertained by the next Report of the Secreta ry of the Treasury. The votes of our imme diate Representatives in Congress, both Whigs and Democrats, in favor of the present Tariff act, met my decided approbation. 1 he princi ple of protection has always received the sup port of boih political parties in Pennsylvania, and I know of no reason why it should be aban doned or compromised, believing it to be vital ly imporiant to the interests of Pennsylvania, and in fact to the whole Union, I shall advocate it in whatever position, public or private, I may be placed." What are the sentiments of his opponent, Mr. Coolbaugh, on this important subject? As Pennsylvania is so deeply interested in the preservation of the Tariff, it is no more than right that the people should be made acquaint ed with them, so that they may cast their voles knowingly when they go to the Polls. Unless Mr. Coolbaugh's opinions are equally sound, Mr. Hughes' letter will gain him hundreds of votes which he would not otherwise hare got. A Frog tery. A late Liverpool paper says that a few weeks since thousands of small frogs fell from the clouds during a heavy rain, at Stouebridge, England. Tyler Tactics. It is publicly announced that three of the Lo co Foco Delegates from Indiana, to the Na tional Convention, have received appointments in their own State, from John Tyler, to offices of importance. If a nomination can be pur chased by the wholesale and indiscriminate be stowal of Executive patronage, we have no doubt that Mr. Tyler will be the nominee of the Loco Foco National Convention. Foreign News. The Steam Ship Caledonia, arrived at Bos ton on Wednesday last, in 15 days from Liv erpooj, with 70 passengers, and much news of interest and importance. There has been a decided improvement in the Coiton market; Georgia cotton is selling at an advance of half a cent per pound. The trade and business of France and England, generally, has also materially improved. The British Parliament was prorogued on tho 24jh of August, by the Queen in person, upon which occasion she read a Speech which bore very severely upon the Irish Repealers. Espartcro, Duke of Victory, and late Regent of Spain, has arrived in London, and created a great sensation. Apartments have been provi ded him by the Government, which he will oc cupy during his stay. He has also been re ceived by the Queen, Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, and other dignitaries, in the most kind and flattering manner. The all absorbing tropic of interest, however, is the visit of the Queen of England to France) with accounts of which the English papers are filled. She sailed in a government vessel, from Southampton, on lhe 28th of Aug., and reached Treport on lhe 2d of September, where she was received by lhe King of France, and his family, and escorted in state 10 his Chateau of Eu, in Normandy. She has since been feast ed there in the mosi magnificent manner. In Ireland, O'Conneil Mill continues to agi tate his favorite, subject of Repeal, and at a meeting of ihe Dublin Repeal Association, on the 22d tilt, presented his long talked of plan 11 for a ntm Irish Parliament." It begins with protestations of attachment to the Queen of England, then urges the Repeal of the Legis- lativc Union, and concludes.' wiih the plan fyr ibe'festortfiitfh of ih'o Iriih" Parliament. ' ' ' Correspondence of the Jeflersoman Republican, Commencement of -Lafayetle Col lege, Political iVoiniuatioiis, Pros pects, &c. ' Easion, September 26th, 1843. Messrs. Editors: , The annual commencement of Lafayette College took place here on Wednesday last, and drew together quite a concourse of stran gers, and many friends of the Institution. The exercises were held in the Presbyterian church, and went off in the most happy manner. The degree of Bachelor of Arts was conferred upon fire young gentlemen who graduated this fall. The degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon eleven young gentlemen who graduated three years ago; and tho honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon the Rer. Joseph M. Jones, of Philadelphia, and the Rev. James Alexander, of Princeton. William A. Porter, of Philadelphia, delivered iho address before the Lilerary Societies, and the Rev. James W. Wood, of Deckertown, N. J. that before the Alumni of the College, Tho Loco Foco Delegate Meeting came off at Lebighton on Saturday last, and resulted in the nomination of Richard Brodhead, jr. of Easion, for Congress. Jefferson K. Heckman, of Easton, for Senate, Hugh B. Hineline, of Williams, and George Bachman, of Saucon, for Legislature, Charles H. Williams, of Easion, for Treasurer, Jacob Young, of Moore, for Commissioner, James Hirst, of Allen, for Di rector of the Poor, and C. C. Tombler, of Beth lehem, for Auditor. Captains Wagner and Reeder were there, and exerted themselves to the utmost to prevent the nomination of Brod head, and secure that of Dr. James. They in trigued, bargained, and tried to sell, but all to no avail. They and their man were defeated by a majority of five Delegates. The vote stood for Brodhead 32, for James, 27. This secured him tho Conferees from Notthampton, and consequently the nomination. Esq. Heckman for Senator, was opposed by James Kennedy, of Allen, and was nominated by a vote of nearly two to t)ne. Great dissat isfaction however prevails with regard to him, and by a little exenion on the part of his oppo nents he may be defeated. The nominees for Assembly are men totally unfit for the station to which they aspire. They possess no qualifications whatever to make them fit for the office, and if sent to Harrisburg will be without the loast influence. It is real ly to bo regretted that from among so many good and capable men as we have in the Coun ty, persons like them should have been cho sen. Major John H. Keller, of Plainfield, a thor ough going Whig, and a good and capable man, has come out as a Volunteer, for Senator with an excellent prospect of defeating Heckman. If the Whigs of Northampton and Lehigh, are but true to themselves and to him, he will be elected by a fair majoriiy, Yours, J. J. Agricultural Fair. A great Agricultural Fair was held at Ro chester, New York, on Friday last, at which, among other distinguished. visitors, the Hon. Daniel Webster was present, and made an ex cellent speech. Facts for the People. Tbe expenditures below arc exclusive of the public debt : James Monroe's $13,057,925 John Q. Adams' 12,625,447 Andrew Jackson' 18,224,345 Mariitt Van Buren's 35,396,330 Whig Congress 16,332,836 COMPARATIVE VIEW. Gen. Jackson's average ex penditure, Mr. Adams' do. do. $18,224,345 12,625,477 v Excess of J' overA's Mr. Van Burcn's average expenditures, Mr. Adams' do. do. Excess of V. B's over A's Mr. Van Buren's average expenditures, Whig Congress do. do. ,$5,593,868 $35,396,330 12,625,477 $22,769,853 $35,396,330 16.332,836 Excess of V. B's over the Whig Congress of 1841-2, $19,063,494 American Whig. Great Tax Sale in Michigan. Tho Michigan papers arc filled with tax ad vertisements of iho sale, on the first Monday of j nexl n,on,i,. Sales take place at each county seat on lhe same day. The cost of advertising the sales amount to 32,000 dollars. There arc several hundred thousand acres of ihn lands of that Slate owned in New York Wheat Crop. The Ohio " Statesman," estimates the pro duct of wheat of that Slate, the present year, at 20,000,000 bushels. It is stated in 0110 of the Michigan papers thai the wheat crop of this year will be (bur times that of the year prece ding. This would make 20,000,000 bushels leaving 16,000,000 for export The ants in the eastern part of the State of Maine, are to very largo and fe'rocioii, thai ijiey are frequeutfy observed lo;climb iho lar gesi. ireesahdt'bark. ' ' ' ' FOR THE JEFFKRSONIAN REPUBLICAN. ' , " Chapter ou Aslroiaoiny. See round the sun the rapid planets fly, Far as in. space can reach the keenest eye Still on they fly, their silver light behind, Swifter than ocean or the unsteady mind. It is well known that there are at present, eleven primary planets, with their satellites, together with Comets thai constitute the Solar System. These primary planets, taken in the order of their nearness to the sun, are Mercu ry, Venus, Earth, Mars, Vesta, Juno, Ceres, Pallas, Jupiter, Saturn, and Herschel. Each of these planets has iwo motions, one round the sun, called-its annual motion, and the other round its own axis, called its diurnal motion. These motions are each performed in the same direction ; which is from west to east, in the order of the signs of the ecliptic. The time in which a planet moves once round the sun, is called its year : and the time in which it moves once round its own axis, is called its day : Mercury, thiny-six millions six hundred and sixty eight thousand milea from the sun, and revolves round him in eighty seven days, twen ty three hours and fourteen minutes Venus, sixty eight millions five hundred and forty-four thousand miles; from tho sun, and revolves around him in two hundred and twenty-four davs, sixteen hours and forty one and a half minutes The Earth, ninety -five millions of miles from the Min, and revolving round him, with her moon, in three hundred and sixty-five days, five hours, forty eight minutes, and forty nine seconds Mars, one hundred and fony four millions of miles, and revolving round him in six hundred and eighty six days, twenty throe hours, thirty and a half minutes. Vesta, Juno, Ceres. and'Pallas, are called new plan ets, lately discovered botween the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, all at nearly the same dis tance from the sun. Some of the most emi nent astronomers consider these planets the fragments of a large body which has been burs: asunder by some internal convulsion, and that more of theso fragments may yet be dis covered between the orbits of Mars and Jupi ter. Vesta, the next planet in order in the so lar system, was discovered by Doctor Olbers, of Bromen, in Lower Saxony, m the 29th of March, 1807. The timo of its revolution round the sun is thirteen hundred and twenty five days, four hours and forty two minutes. Juno, two hundred and fifty-two millions of miles from the sun, and revolving round him in fifteen hundred and eighty days, twenty three hours and fifty seven minutes Ceres, two hundred and sixty three millions of miles from the sun, and revolving round him in sixteen hundred and eighty one days, and thirteen hours Pallas, two hundred and sixty fire millions miles from the sun, and revolving round him in sixteen hundred and eighty six days, j seventeen hours. This planet was discovered j by Dr. Olbers, on the 1st of January, lcU I- Juno was discovered by the astronomer Hard ing, of Lilienthral, near Bremen, on the 1st of September, 1804. Ceres was discovered on the 1st of January, 1S01 by Mr. Piazzi, astro nomer royal at Palermo, in Sicily. The next planet in order is Jupiter, and is the largest of all the planets, having four moons, it is four hundred and ninety millions miles from the sun, and revolving round him in four thousand three .hundred and thirty days, fourteen hours and thirty nine minutes. Saturn, encompassed by two large rings, detached from each other, and from the body of the planet besides be- mg attendee, oy seven moons is nnm nuuuicu millions of miles from the sun, and revolving round him in ten thousand seven hundred andj ... - i i .;,., i forty six. days, nineteen hours, and sixteen minutes. Herschel, or Uranus, is tho most distant planei yet discovered in the Solar sys tem. It was observed by Mayer, Tycho Brahe, Flamsiead, and other astronomers, and by them thought to be a fixed star; and in fact such it was considered until Dr. Herschel discovered it to be a planet on tho 13th of March, 1781. Dr. Herschel says it was attended by six moons, revolving round it, and that the motion of each mooir round Uranus is retrograde, that is, from east to West. Herschel is eighteen hundred millions of miles from the sun, and revolving in thirty thousand six hundred and thirty seven days, seven hours and twenty one minutes. Having now givrn a cursory view of lhe dis tances, form, and the times of the revolutions of air the known planets round the sun, that constitute the solar system, I shall devote tho remainder of this chapter 10 a few brief consid erations of the third planet in the solar sysiom, or the eanh on which we dwell, and of the sun and moon. Tho first object to be consid ered in astronomy is the eanh, which is reck oned one of the primary planets, a sphere, globe, or ball, a round body, about 8000 miles in diameter, and 25000 in circumference. That it is a globe, or ball, there can be no doubt in any rational mind, because it has been proved by inconiestible evidence. 1 his facl will ap peur plain to any one who obtains but a slight knowledge of astronomy. 1 he fact that the earth has heon circumnavigated that the hull of a ship at a distance at sea, is hid by the spherical form of iho waters, while the masta are visible ; and during a partial eclipse of the moon, it will bo perceived thai 11 is really cu cular. which is the shadow f the eatth. An eclipse of tho 5un cannot possibly happen, un M less tho sun be within sixteen degrees of either of the moon s nodes, because at the now moon, the sun and moon have ulways the same longitude, and are always at lhe same dtat&nce from the moon's node, as seen from tho aarth. Again, if ihe sun is more than ten degrees from the noarnsi noile at full moon, the meon of course is the same from tho other node, and consequently the moon is too hioh or too low low in Her brbir 10 go through antjioftlie rihtUved m Orange, New Jersey. shadow,and of course there will be no eclipse The greatest number of eclipses that cm lu pen in one year is seven; this, however. ' very rare, six being the greatest number. Tii least number of eclipses that can happen in I'twi course of one year is two, consequently ho'ttil of the sun when six, four of the sun and tu of tho moon, and sometimes ihree of the sin and three of the moon. When seven, five wi be of the sun and two of the moon yet i(,J most common number of eclipses in a year u four, two of the sun and two of the muon. The year 1844 will have two visible echpe. one of the sun, and the other ol the moon, fiu of tho sun will happen about sunset, Deccni!t 9th, and the other will take place the 24th dy; of November, at eleven and a half minutes pj, seven o'clock in the evening. This eclipse . of the moon, and this being tho time of i, greatest obscuration at Boston, for which nif ridian it was calculated. Four equations necessary to be made use of in calculatm. eclipses, either of the sun or moon, in order t reduc.e iho mean to true syzygy. The dilffrJ ence of lime, in this case, between the niiM and true syzygy, is four hours and thirtpc minutes the time of true syzygy being hefop me ume oi mean syzvgy. 1 ne mean svzvu-J never agrees with the true, except when th anomalies of the sun and moon are either no thing or six signs, and the sun is then in cor junction with one of the moon's node ; but t!. , does not lake place twice in a thousand yeais Equations must necessarily be used in find,;.; the true syzygy, because the orbits of the u and moon, and in fact those of the other phr ets, are not circles, but eclipses ; and bene the sun and moon are continually changing thc distances from the earth. Consequently th unequal motion of the sun and moon, is reason their mean and true places difir ; f the same reason, the time of irue syzygy differ, from the times of mean syzygy ; the sun U con sidered a moving body in calculating eclipse' The first equation then between mean and trim svzygy, is caused by the sun's unequal motion Tho second is caused by tho unequal motion of the moon in her eccentric orbit the third m caused or depends on the difference between the sun and moon's anomaly, at greatest it n 4 minutes, 58 seconds. The fourth and w equation from mean lotrue syzygy, depend na the sun's distance from the moon's ascenlrr node at the time, at greatest it is 1 minute, 31 seconds. It is necessary in calculating eclipse of the moon, to find the following t.s. ments for any place i 1. The tune of or!; full moon at the place 2. The semidiamfr of the earth's shadow at the moon ; 3 moon s latitude ; 4. The moon's semidiameter, 5. The moon's hourly motion from the sun. The elements of the eclipse which istou'.s place on the evening of the 21th day of Xi vember, 1S4L aru as follows: The lima rT orbit svzv'V is the 24th dav. at 7 o'clock, II minutes and 23 seconds the semidiameter c lhe earth' shadow at iho moon i 38' 23 moon's latitude 15 57" south descending moon's semidiameter 14' 06", and the moon'i hourly motion from the sun 27' 42". Tn eclipse begins thirty-eight and a half miiiu'H before six o'clock, and ends one minute afer nine, and duration of the eclipse three Jiu and fortv-one mtnutes. This snme eclipse will return in the year 1862, and again in JSSl, and it will appear aaain in 1898, and so on. moving a little further j to the north or south as lhe case may be, nil in process of time 11 will leave, the earth atono of the poles. When that event takes place, there will be no return of it in less than twetrs thousand five hundred years. Every ecl pss ' iraiei in expansum, quite clear of the carta durin" this ume, and ai the close of this penal of time, it returns again upon lhe earth nt v:t of the poles, and at each return, from year year moves a little to the north or south, as u case may be, for about fourteen hundred years when it leaves the earth at the opposite pc:a from where it entered. The moon, during this total eclipse of 1S41. will pass through the earth's shadow, a liJ over ono quarter of a degree souihofits cent:!, and consequently will be a total eclipse. -Whn the (moon passes through ihe centre 01 im earth's shadow, she is directly opposite to tyl cnn ' that is. the earth is directly between t&l I - - j sun and moon. Thus we see that in the heavens it is all reg ularity and harmony. In the heavens it is, thu God has chiefly manifested his greatness an. power. Here it is, that all the innumerable hosts of celestial orbs roll their mighty round. and in this all is magnificence, proportion, aiu regularity. The want of space prevents me from pursuing the subject lurtner. Westfall, Sept: 17, 1843. H. C. M. False dies or mbulds intended for casting Snanish dollars, were lately found in St. Lo- is. Mo., unon the premises of a person namw Wilkins. alias Seivert, charged with stealing riflM. snoons. &c from tho St. Louis Park,-. Th enmnnsitinn thev wero made of apwared' to bo copper, and the impression on trjffiacecf I tno coin was very accuraie. i uc uu ,u- die was 1810. O'Conneil says that th history of Ireland Mn Ym ttnrtoil trivnticrh thft fitatule hoof; liKei.io Wail U I QWUU IHI" - track of a wounded man through, a prowd by the blood The Missouri Reporter says, civ authority, that Col, R. M. Johnson will not run as a candidate for Vice President. It is v;itn him the Presi dency or nothing. uuieuiuuves uCt now man 1 :r-..:i ...TT...t-YlblM?MMllal
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