II
4 V
B. F. BCHWEIER,
TEE OOXST1TUT10I THE TTJI05 JJTD THE EfTOBOEJfUT OP THE LAT3.
Editor anil Proprietor.
VOL. XXXVI.
MIFFIJNTOWN. JUNIATA COUNTY. PENNA.. WEDNESDAY. MAKCII 29. 1SS2.
N ). 2.
to
THE MIDNIGHT TRAIN.
cn Uie luU and brooding- night
A flint Die, with Anion light.
And breaU ef wraataing- (mute ;
Around him whirls the reoling plain.
And with a 'ah of grim dllain.
Ha claavas tli aundorrd roS.
In loot! j swamp th low wind stirs
Tba belt of black Itinera fin.
That murmnr to th sky.
Till startled by his mad career,
Thej saeaiad lo keep a hash uf far,
As If a god swept by.
Through many a dark, wild aeart-of liaatn,
O'tr bouming bridges, where beneaia
A mighty river brawls;
By rains, remnants af the past,
Their ivies trembling In the blast ;
By singing waiorialls.
The siumbYer an his stent bed
Turns to the light km lonely head.
Divested of lis dream.
Long leagues ot gloom are horned o'er.
Through tnanel Shaaths, with Iron roar.
And shrill, night-rending screain.
Past hnddl a; hnu, past living farms.
High farnaoa nam, whoa crimson arms
Art grappling with the night.
He tears along receding lamia,
To where the kingly rity stands,
Wrapt In a robe of light.
Here, round eark wide and gushing gate,
A crown ot eager faces wait,
And every smile Is known.
We thank thee, O, thou Titan train.
That In the city once again.
We clap onr loved, our own.
A SPANISH STORY.
The ancieut citv of Aalborg, in Jut
land (one of the Danish isles), boasts of
"fattigbnus ( almshouse) built upon
a commodious plan, and supplied with
everything to make its inmates as com
fortable as though dwelling in homes of
their own. It is supported by an endow
ment fuud which covers all expenses.
It was erected by a wealthy young mer
chant, in 1623; and although the storms
of more than two centuries have beat
upon its walls, it is still standing,and in
good condition.
It is one of the show places of Aalborg
and a story is connected with it which
never fails to interest visitors.
Thinking it may prove equally enter
taining to those of my readers who may
never vihit the quaint old city where
the incidents oecured, I will relate it.
Imagine a city with three sparkling
streams of water running though it, and
with houses whose balconies aud win
dows seem to be bursting into blossom,
so many of them are filled with plant
and Aaiborg is at once before yon.
The horn? of pretty Mette Jenson was
a quaint, picturesque old building, which
would catch the eye of a tourist, from
its oddity, even in that time of incon
gruous architecture. It was surmount
ed by a high, peaked roof, and embraced
by a" wide, open gallery, which of late,
at a certain hour. Lad grown to be much
freqnentea by the young mistress of the
household. I or Alette was inotherloss.and
now that she had grown into a fine girl
of sixteen, had been accounted of suffi
cient good judgment to be entrusted
with the keys of the store-room, from
which she dispensed each morning the
amount of provisions needed for daily
ns a.
She was a viry discreet maiden, and
her head had not been turned by the
admiring looks which were sure to be
leveled at her whenever she apeared in
the bunv thoroughfare of the old city.
But when the time drew near for the
handsome young merchant to pass on
his way to business, Mette was sun to
be where she could exchange a smile
and nod with him. And Jens, upon his
part, was quite engrossed with the
charming picture Mette presented as
she stood with one dainty mittened
hand resting upon the balustrade, dress
ed in her trim bourgeoiae costume of
braided velvet jacket, scarlet petticoat
aud high heeled shoes with her hair
gathered into two heavy braids, and
hanging down her back almost to the
hem of her skirts.
Jens was not of the bourycoisc c'ass;
but it is no n ungual thing for caste-prejudices
to be bridged over by the power
of maidenly charms and as he had fal
len an unresisting captive in the train of
the capricious boy-god who likes nothing
better than to send his shafts into the
most unexpected places, he reasoned
vi ry sensibly that what had been done
once might be again.
Upon the morning in which onr story
opens, Jens had paused for a moment
as he said his gay "good morning" to
Mette.and had toss d a bnnch of flowers
to her. They missed the grasp of her
eager, outstretched hands, and fell upon
the floor ol the balcony and as she
stooped to pick up the fragrant trea
sures another personage appeared upon
the scene, looking from one to the other
of the preoccupied young people with
ill-pleased eyes. It was Kuud Jensen,
the crabbed, miserly old man upon
whose hearthstone had, strange to say,
blossomed so fair a human flc wer as the
girl who stood confussed and blushing
before him. .
"Knowest thou not," he said harshly,
that it ill beseems a modest maid to
bandy words with every gay gallant that
passes her father's house? Off with thee
to thy room, where I soon will follow
and give thee a lesson thou wilt long
remember."
Alette" cheeks rivaled the red carna
tions in her lover's bouqnet as her father
8oke,and she fled from the spot in dire
distress and shame at being thus ad
dressed before the young merchant
Jen stood for a moment looking in
dignautly in the direction in whioh she
had dispieared. Then with a sudden
impulse he turned toward the old man,
w ho, leaning upon his sticK, regarded
him with a saidonic smile upon his thin
lii. Jens was too shrewd a tactician
to injure ihe cause he had to plead, by
letting his hot anger bubble up to the
surface and overflow in cutting words.
So he dofled his velvet cap with re
spectful gesture, and bowed his head in
low obeisance.
May I crave speech with you for
few moments? I will not detain you
long," he asked.
Kuud looked at him in silent surprise.
What could the young merchant want
of him? he who dealt in the ctlcJ
fabrics of the loom, surely did not need
T.n !.;. rk'nnil'i.1 last C0XZ3 of salted
fish. It did once enter his mind that
Jens coveted a far richer treasure, 101
the old man looked upon Mette as a
mere child; and when he found that
Jens had come to him with a proposal
of mariage for hi daughter, he was not
c srtain that he was in his right senses.
At last he said gruffly:
-A fine husband you'd make for my
girl! Why, man, are you crasy? .
Tar from it." answered Jens, subdu
ing a strong inclination to laugh at
Kind's surprise. "I never clearer
headed, neyer more .in earnest, in my
life. If you will give tout erettv Mette.
to me, I promise I'll take the best care
oi her.
Now, J sns was the richest young man
in Aalborg, and Kuud knew it But he
was also very free with his monisy, and
that was not in accordance with the old
man's views. Still, he hardly tound it
in uu neart to turn his back upon such
a wealthy son-in-law, so he said:
- aou u a say -ies, what provision
will you make for my dangher? For
one who is such a spendthrift as thon
art, will surely end his diys in the alms
house." 'So answered Jens, with unruffled
good humor, "you wish to secure my
wife from going there with me? Well.
that is as it should le,and I will settle the
A pot Ink belonging to me upon her. and
also a snug sum of money in addition to
it the very day we are married!"
The A pot Ink cf which he spoke was
a very large and handsome structure,
finished in the style of the Renaissance,
aud had cost an enormous uumber of
rix dollars. It was the wonder as well
as the admiration of Jens' towns people,
and was the show building of the piace.
Kuud had it in his mind when he made
his ungracious answer: for to him it
seemed the height of folly and extrava
gance to waste so mnch money upon the
carrying out of an idea. hat matttered
it, he thought, if the foundations were
firm, and the walls sightly, whether or
not one part was in the style of one cen
tury, and the rest of another. It was
mere nonense, this talk about harmony
of detail and of design.
Thus had he talked about the Apothck
all through the time of its erection, and
also had animadverted with equal frank
ness about the owner. It almost took
hi breath away from sheer surprise to
now hear this generous oflVr of Jens' to
settle it upon his Mette his little girl,
whom he had hardly thought capable
(until very lately) of managing his own
frugal household, and that too under
his sharp and constant scrutiny.
At last he said:
"If Mette proves to be oi the une
mind with regard to you as you declare
yourself to be about her, I will not say
'nay' to the marriage. But yon will do
well to take heed to my advice and hold
the purse strings a trifle tighter.
"So as not to reach the goal you so
kindly predicted," interpolated Jens.
"Thank, you. I'll fcy hard to disap
paint you in that particular. When may
I see Mette?"
Call to-morrow, say abont this time,
and I'll arrange the interviews unless
the child says nay to your proposal."
'Jen's face lengthened visibly. He
had hoped tc have one more glimpse of
the sweet, shy face which had so en
chanted him on this very morning; but,
thankful at having gained Knnd's con
ditional promise, he wisely forbore to
tarry and press for a sight of his lady
love sooner than the specifitd time so
he went his way.
That night his dreams proved to be a
strange cmponnd of pleasure and of
pain. Mette's blooming face smiled at
him for a moment, then was lost amid a
crowd of older, pallid, sorrow marked
visages clad in the high-crowned caps,
and sad-hued garments which composed
the costume ot those unfortunates who
had been forced by poverty to accept the
tardy and cold chanty meted out to
their class by the city government. So
when he sought the preseuce of her he
loved upon the following day, it was
ith a strange undercurrent of sympa
thy for Lis suffering fellowbeings, which
was a new elemeut in his prosperous,
easy-goir.g life.
Old Knud's words had opened up a
train of thoucht in his mind which was
destined to bear fruit at no distant day.
But he was too wise to broach it nntil
he had gained the treasure he coveted.
Then, when Mette was his wife "to
have and to hold for richer or poorer''
all the days of his mortal life he said
to her.
"Hast ever thought, my Mette, what
a sad thing it would be to have neither
home nor friends, and to be poor and
dependent upon charity for the very
bread which is to sustain life.
Mette's round eyes grew wide with
surprise at hearing such words from the
hps of her husband he who was the
soul of gayety an i fun whose laugh
ever lang out the merriest among his
companions, and whose talk usually
abounded in jests and witticisms.
Jens drew her pretty face towards him
and kissed btr rosy lips. "Do not look
so startled, my own," he continued,
smilingly. "1 am not about to say any
thing to sadden you. But the truth is,
when I asked your father for a gift of
this little hand, he said something which
nnt new ideas in my head. What do
you think it was? Why, that I was a fit
subject for an almshouse because of my
extravagance, uan it ie mat an uioe
unfortunates who are now reduced to
such penury as to depend npon ethers
fnr a hvin? have been reared in afflu
ence, and have been brought to their
present state by being free-handed and
liberal with their means?"
Mette looked troubled, but said noth-
innr
"If so," he went on, "how sad a life
it must be from luxury to stint! Mette,
darling, how would it please you to have
me erect a nice home for the poor, and
see that it is furnished comfortably and
stocked with good wholesome provi
sions, we ire o nappy oan,
us try to make others share ju
Mette. though a wife, was in years
but a child; and she had not pnt aside
small things. So she clapped her hand
Tuat will be just lovelyl" she ex
claimed, '-and I will visit the old people
(for such sort are alTays old), ana pour
ont their tea and coffee with my own
hands."
"yes," said Jens, delighted at her in
nocent enthusiasm, "and twice in the
vear we will make preparations for a
grand feast, and will have the best mu
sicians in tne city w v - -ir,mal.
of the homes we are to build
shall be our guests. "
So Miser Knud's bitter words had an
influence of which he littlj dreamed
when he uttend them, lor dens c..
.. i l...f A fcannv davit
out nis piau 10 iuc i," r ,
must have been to the world-buffeted
aouls who found a home within the
hospitable walls of tne comfortable alms
1 i i t . n.nT and matro-
house erecteo. vj r" ; , .
. . i . How their
n zed "J ni B" - , ,
wrinkled faces must have beamed at
sight of her fresh young loveliness, and
at the sound of her tender voiee address
ing them in words of sympathy!
would be a subject worthy the pencil of
an artist.
Virginia's state debt is 821.493,-
782.
Illinois possessess 8,241 mi'es of
railroad.
A Soen la Inland.
At tbe usual tortnubtly petty sejtions
held recently at Dublin the presiding
magistrates oeing uol. Stuart and T. D.
W ilson three y.ning men named Cornell
aod a man named Sena were charged with
havir-g murderously assaulted a process
server named Sheedy.
Patrick aheedy deposed that he resided
at Idrrick on-auir, and was process-server.
On Thursday, the 29th of December hut.
he got a number ot writs to servo on the
tenants of Mr. bcally. The writs were for
rent due. In the discharge of that duty he
proceeuej to uauyneal, and served some of
the tenants with writs.
while you were serving these writs
did anything hippen to youl"
'Yes."
"What was it?"
"I had them all served but two one fur
Bin. Shea and another. I got as far as
feud s nrute, aud as 1 entered tbe farm
buiae, Shea, the prisoner, met me. He
said:
"Sheedy, I never thought I would see
you at this dirty work.' "
"Did anythiog hapien to you then?"
"Yes; 1 heard voices in tbe kitchen,
and 1 became frightened, and, turning,
ran; but before 1 got iO yards 1 was seized
by three or four persona and dragged back
into the kitchen."
"Were tbe writs taken from youf"
"Yes."
"After you were taken to the kitchen
did anything happen to you?"
"Yes I was knocked down on tbe broad
of my back, and several parties shouted,
snove tne writs down bis throat.' "
"Can you say if the prisoners were the
parties who shouted, Shove them down
bis throat?'
"1 was loo terrified to know who did
it."
"Were the prisoners there at all?"
"Yes; they were all in the kitchen.''
"You say that you were knocked down
in tbe kitchen. When you were down did
anything happen to you?"
"Yea."
"What!"
"As soon as they shouted, Shove the
writs down his throat.' I pleaded for mercy
but It was no use, and one of the party
stuck a writ into my mouth, and I was
beid down until I swallowed it."
They made you s willow the wnlt "
"Yes; Shea's writ."
Did any of the prisoners take part in
Ik'-sP
'It was not they that that shoved tbe
writ down my throat, but they assisted in
hoMiog me while it was being pushed
down mv throat. H
Did you swallow more than one writ! "
"1 was kept down until I swallowed the
other."
"Did you get any water to wash them
downr"
Laughter.
"Yes: after I swallowed the first writ
somebody said to give me a drink of boil
ing water, ana alter th.il 1 got some duly
water to drink. "
"And alter you g A the water they made
you swallow the seood writt "
"les, sir."
"Did anything else happen to youf
"Yes; 1 was cuffed and beaUn, and
threatened that if I was ever caujbt at such
dirty work again I would not get off so
easily, and just as 1 was going out ot tbe
kitchen running, a kettle of boiling water
wae thrown after me, but it did not do me
any harm."
"Had you to prjTiise that you would
never again go writ serving!"
Ihad."
Mac Irirht.
A ISew York correspondent the other
evening caught Robert J. Burdette, of tbe
Burlington Jlaxvkey, in the ante-room at
Chickering Hall, just before going upon
the stage with his funny lecture. "A b!"
be exclaimed, with a tremendous inspira
lion. Well, hut I am glad you have
come. Now talk to me! Talk to me"
and he continued waUing up and down
tbe fi x after shaking bands.
"What's the matter What ails you?
What do you mean?" 1 said: "Are yon
rehearsing? Have I interrupted you? Do
you want to be alone.
"N. 1 i o!" he exelaimed eagerly, walk
ing up to Die; "don't leave me. Dont go
away "
"What on earth is the matter?" I asked,
"Scared!" he laid with a qnerrelous
laugh. Then I laughed. "You don't be
lieve me. It's Hue, though. I m afraid to
go on the stage,"
Pshaw, man:" I said. Why you are
joking. You have lectured for years."
"Yes teventy-flve times this winter
but it don't make any difference. I have
to go through this absurd experience every
time. There's no getting used to it."
How does it make you feel?,'
"Feel? Light as a cork. If I were
outside 1 could fly right over this building.
Honestly and seriously, if I knew I had to
die to-nigh: I should pray that the Lord
would take me just before 1 went on the
stage."
Many have the same experience.
Thai's some satisfaction," I suggested, "if
misery loves company." ,
"Yes," he said, "I told Beecher about
my troubles, and he said, "I can teil you
one thing for your consolation; you'll never
get over it. I suffer every time I go before
an audience, and am afraid of my own
congregation,' But his experience doesn't
give much comfort."
"Does your fear vanish when you get
on the stage?"
"So; it lasts some time, usually. 1
poke around among tbe audience for a
familiar face, and when I find a friend 1
lecture riuht at him ajd don't notice any
body else! Gough tells me that he die
the same thing. He says he often finds
himself talking to some sympathetic and
responsive little group in one corner, tell
ing bis stories to them aloue, as if they
were in a little room together."
He looked at his watch. "It's most
time to go on the itage. If it wss respect
able I would run away. Tbe notion of
feigning sickness often comes over me s
it does over school-boys who want to play
hookey. Are you my jailor?" looking up
t a gentleman in a swallow tail who
seemed waiting for him.
"Yes; you have four minutes yet."
Can't 1 get a reprieve?" asked the cul
prit forcing a gnm smile.
'Xot this evening. Any ether evening,
lou remind me of Theodore Tilton. Wben
he appeared here, though he had lectured
ive hundred times, be was so frightened
that we couldn't get bun on the stage for a
long while. The hall filled up, the audi
ence clamored, and be hesitating to face
them, walked up and down his room, deaf
to our entreaties, washing his hands with
invisible soap in imperceptible water, fi
nally we got him through the door at half
past eight."
I told Burdette that Wendell Phillips
assured me once that he had bad similar
experience; then I slipped aroond inte the
orchestra. Tbe lunny man came on the
stage, began m a tremulous voice, and his
troubled eve wandered over the great au
dience till he found friends, with whom he
quietly settled down and mass oimscii at
home.
Company Manners.
ill you please ait Uownaud wait a
few momenta till mother cornet' said
a bttle girl to two ladiss who cainto
see her mother. "And will you give me
a glass of water, Martha?" asked one of
the ladies; "I am very thirsty."
"With pleasure," answered jiartha,
and she presently came back with two
goblets of water on a small waiter, which
she passed to both ladies.
"Oh, thank you." said the other lady
"yon are very thoughtful."
"You are quite welcome," said Martha
very sweetly.
When Martha went ont of the room,
one of the ladies said "This little girl is
one of the loveliest children I ever met
How sweet and obliging her manners
are!"
Let us go into the next room and see.
Martha took the water back into the
dinring room.
"Me drink! me driuk!" cried little
Bobby, catching hold of his sister's dress
and screwing up his rosy lips. "Got out
Bob!" cried Martha; "go to Bridget,"
"Dont speak so to your little brother."
said Bridget. "It is none of your busi
ness what I say," cried Martha, tossing
oack her head.
"Martha!" That is grandmother sai
ling from the top of the stairs. "What!
screamed Martha, back. "Please come
here, dear," said grandma. "I don't want
to," mutteied Martha. She, ho ever,
dragged herself up stairs, Unwilling
feet yon know, find it hard to climb.
"Martha," said grandma, "will you
find my specks? I am pretty sure I left
them in the dinning room." "Xo, you
didn't," cried Martha, in a cross, con
tradictory tone; "you always lose them
up here," and she rummaged round the
chamber, tumbling things over like the
north wind.
"No matter," said the dear old lady
seeing she would have much to do to
put tilings to rights, "no mattcr,Martha;
they will come to hand," and she quiet-
ty pnt down the newspaper for by-and
by. Martha left her and went down
stairs with a pout.
Oh, tLiar! where are Martha's civil,
obliging manners? Why, those are her
company manners. - She puts them on
in the parlor,and pots them off when she
leaves the parlor. She wears them e
fore visitors, and hangs them np when
they are gone. You see she has no
manners at home. She is cross and
disobliging and rude and selfish. - She
forgets that home is the first place to
be polite in.
A True IncldeaU
A few hours after it was known that
Virginia bad seceded from the Union a
citizen ot Norfolk had collected a few val
uables and sailed for the .North. He went
to Hastings, on the Hudson, and establish
ed bis family in a cottage which he rented
for a hundred dollars a year. Either from
choice or necessity, their style of liviug
was modest and tbey did not seek society,
the latter, perhaps, because tbey were not
welcomed by their neighbors. We all
know what was the stale of the public
mind in tbe Spnng and auinmerof 1861
and with what suspicion Southern refugees
were regarded. Tbey niig.it have lost
everything by devotion to the Union, or
they might be spies aul incendiaries. Who
could tell? That a man was from tbe
.South insured him the strictest scrutiny
and deepest distrust. Little was known of
this particular family; but this may have
served to sharpen the eyes of tbe watcher.
Two facts were speedily ascertained; cne,
that tbe head ot the household was fre
quency autent from Hastings; the other,
lb at, wben at borne, his favorite pastime
was walking upon the Croton Aqueduct.
Both were seized upon as of evil omen.
To be sure, it may be difficult for us to
see why, as nothing was known of his ab
sence and the Aqueduct was a favorite
promenade for old and young, as who that
Has livid upon the eastern bank of the
Lower Hudson does not know? Still,the
fact that tbe gray haired stranger followed
the custom of the oldest resident wae the
cause of a general alarm. A rumor had
started, and was whispered by old ladies
over ther lea, ad by young as tbey knit
ted on tbe unfailing soldier a scks, which
were to the girls then what high art em
broidery and feather edge braid are now.
The rumor was this: The stranger was
an emissary of the Southern Government.
His business was the blowing up of the
Croton Aqueduct, and tne producing of a
water famine in Ac w York His frequent
absences were to consult with his collea
gues. His walks, to make needful obser
vations aud arrange his plans.
Tbe suggestion was lrightful, and im
mediately the innocent old man assumed,
in the eyes of tbe villagers, tbe character
of a monster, lbe popular excitement
had reached a high point, when one morn
ing a fresh discovery was made, in the
highest tree in a neighboring grove was a
glittering something. W but could it be?
So one knew; but it glittered, and that
was a sure sign that it was eviL Again
rumor took shape. It was a signal con
nected with that diabolical plot. The tuns
bad come for tbe destruction of the Aqua
duct and the thirty thousands ot Sew York
were to be ieft without drink. This talr
reached the ear of the pastor of one of tbi
village churches. With sle.'n resolution,
he took bis gun and sallied forth. '1 hh
thing should not goon. That signal should
be destroyed. Let us hope that his preach
ing was as good as bis marksmanship, for
the glittering offender was soon laid low
and Ihe valiant defender of his country re
turned lo his study, doubtless with a joy
ous heart and approving conscience.
So mueb history relates; but it neglects
to chrjnicle his leelings when, a day or
two after, Dr. Draper was heard inquiring
who had been so unkind as to destroy the
lest he had, with much trouble, arranged
for lbe glasses of a new teleto jpe.
Sor does history record tbe thoughts of
lbe sorely alarmed villagers when, a few
months later, they learned that their much
suspected visitor was a naval ofiisv-r of hfe
long standing; that even as a boy he had
distinguished hiuuel in his country's ser
vice; that his absence had been caused by
visits to vrashinirton; and that he had re
ceived his commission as commander of
the' flaet in the Gulf of Mexico; that in
short, he was Admiral Farragu:.
Kew York claims a population of
1,500,000.
Forty-one counties of Iowa do not
owe a cent.
In ew York city last year 38,621
persona died.
There are now pending before Con
gress 2,183 bills.
The Caxsou mint coined last month
$198,000.
LlUhar'a Marrlag.
A friend in sending ns a German
"scrap," says: "It is sent Ly a person
al friend (from Frankford on the Main),
attached to a fair wood cut of octavo
page, from some serial, ss T snppose,
but the picture shows good composition
on the part ol the artist, the group
hai Luther and Catherine knetliny, as
its central effect. As I never studied the
German language (to my great regret)
I have only arrived at the general sense
of the article. But this occurred to me
The description if even not new as to
facts, may still be a new recast of an
old subject, and so the scrap will pos
sess interest for all Lutherans."
The German scrap which onr accotn
plished correspondent sent us, contains
an account of Luther's marriage, taken
front Dr. Koestlin's celebrated Life of
Luther. Although that book is in the
hands of many of onr readers, and others
may soon procure it in English transla
tions, and the facts given may be found
in other biographies of Luther, it may
interest some of onr readers if we here
with furnish a free translation:
When Catherine von Bora escaped
from the convent she found a home in
the house of Jieichenbach, city clerk ot
Wittenberg, who treated her like a fa
ther. Luther invited the painter Lucas
Kranach and his wife, Dr. A pel, pro
fessor of jurisprudence, Bugenhaaen,
and Justus Jonas, to meet him at Beich
enbach's house, on the evening of Jnne
(3, 1525. Before these witnesses he was
married to Catherine. They were spe
cially selected for this purpose from the
number of his friends. Bugeuhageu and
Jonas were the foremost clergymen of
Wirttenberg; Kranach was one of its
most distinguished citizens, and promi
nent office-bearers; Dr. Apel, a profesor
of law, and especially canon law, who
had accepted the Gospel, and who had
also married a nnn. It may be that
Kranach and his wife sustained special
relations to Catherine, and mar have
had something to do with the betrothal.
"Doubtless Dr. Bugenhagen called
npon Lnfcher and Catherine to say 'yes'
in the customary way, and then pro
nounced them man and wife. The ques
tion was put in that ancient form which
occures in Luther's marriaga service:
Hans will you have Greta for your wed
ded wife?' In regard to the rings which
were exchanged on this occasion we have
no certain data.
"Upon the union thus formed a solemn
blessing was pronounced in the church
at a regular public service. This was J
the way in which the church at that
time took full part when a man and a
woman entered into a state of matri
mony. Luther's marriage therefore was
consummated in strict conformity to the
usage of the church. A formal, public
marriage festival was held on the 27th
of June, so as to give au opportunity to
invited friends who lived at a distance."
Here then we have first, the marriage
in the house, by Dr. Bugenhagen; se
condly, the pnblio recognition of it in,
and by the church, by a solemn invoca
tion aud benediction, at a pnblic service;
and thirdly, a marriage festival, dinner.
supper, or reception, to which many
friends were invited.
Surely no one could say that Dr. Mar
tin Luther and Catherine von Bora were
not properly and fullv married!
Buaataa Mbtiu.
Exiles began to be sent to Siberia
soon after ita discovery, about the mid
dle of the seventeenth century. The
first Czar who sent exiles there was
Alexander Michaelovich in 1658. It was
not at that time regarded as a punish
ment in itself, bnt as a means of getting
criminals, who had already been pun
ished, ont of the way. The Ruosian
criminal code was then incredibly cruel
and barbarous. Men were hanged and
beheaded for crimes which would not
now be regarded as capital in any coun
try; they were flogged, branded and
mutilated and suspended in the air by
hooks passed nnder two of their ribs
until they died a lingering and miser
able death. After undergoing all these
pinialimenta but death itself. Siberian
exile was resorted to as a quick and
easy method of disposing of criminals.
The criminal code has since been ame
liorated, and the progressive develop
ment of Siberia itself gradually brought
about a change in the view taken of
exile to that country, and the Russian
government now looks npon it as a
means of populating and developiug a
new and prosperous part of its territory.
At the close of the seventeenth century
several ukases' were issued abolishing
personal mutilation and substituting
banishment to Siberia. In the eigh
teenth century the great mineral and
agricultural resources of Siberia iteelf
began to attract the serious and earnest
attention of the Russian government.
Exile as a punishment began to extend
to a large number of crimes which had
previously been punished in other ways
desertion from the army, assault with
intent to kill, and vagrancy, wnen the
vagrant was unfit for military duty.
In 1762 permission was given to all
individuals and corporations owning
serfs to hand them over to the local au
thorities for banishment o Siberia when
ever they chose. Capital punishment
was abolished in Ttnssia in 1753, and all
criminals who would formerly have been
condemned to death were condemned to
perpetual exile with hard labor in Silw
ria. In the reign of Catherine IL, the
demand for laborers in Siberia b
more and more imperative by reason of
the discovery of the important mines of
Ekaterineburz. and again the list of
rime was lengthened which sent offen
ders to Siberia. - Jews were exiled for
refusing to pay taxes, peasants for cut
ting timber without permission, and
army officers for minor offences. Exiles
were then furnished with good seed, ag
ricultural implements and horses to en
able them to begin life anew as farmers.
And in the present century the exile sys
tem has undergone a gradual and steady
amelioration. The I1 features which
coi'tained cruelty have been done away
with; the arrangements for the transpor
tation of exiles have been RgulaWd and
improved; houses have been built for
their accommodation aloug the road
compulsory labor in the mines has
been restricted for the most part to
criiniuals whom we would imprison for
life or hang; flogging with the knout
has long been abolished; fetters and
chaios je scarcely ever seen, and npon
the occasion of every new Emperor
thousands of exiles have been wholly
pardoned.
At present men and women are sent
in exile for all kinds of crime, from mur
der to larcency, and from twenty years
with hard labor, which is the maximum
sentence, down to simple banishment
for four years. The severer sentences
involve the deprivation of all civil right.
forfeiture of all property, which descends
to the criiniunl's heirs as though he was
dead; and the severance of all family
relations, unless his family voluntarily
accompanies him to his place of abode.
If a criminal's wife and children choose
to go with him tbey are allowed to do
so, and the Uovernmcut furnishes them
with transportation, if nat, the autho
rity of the criminal over his family cea
ses with the exile. Exiles can only be
sent to Siberia now by courts, after due
trial in accordance with law. From
1827 to 1357 the number of exiles sent
across the Ra sian border was 250,755,
of whom 25,410 were women; 33 per
cent, were exiled for vagrancy, one
fourth of them for burglary and 14,000
for murder, and homicide. One would
think to read the articles written to day
on the subject that nearly all the exiles
were sent there for political reasons,
and that they weie ''high born men and
women." Such is not the case. Of the
160.000 sent iu the twenty rears men
tioned, only 413 were exiled for politi
cal offenses, and of the small number
nearly two thirds were nobles, whieh
would seem to show that tbe common
people are little disturbed by the poli
tical offenses. About 1,000 exile
escape every year aud return to Russia,
early 12,000 persons are exiled an
nually; less than one per cent, are po
litical exiles, the remainder being com
mon felons; on'y eight per cent, are
condemned to hard labor, the rest bting
simply banished as free colonists. Every
1,000 men are accompanied by over 900
women and children, who go voluntarily
at the government's expense.
All the
exiles ar ce.it to the fertile zone of
South Siberia, in plaocs which lie one
or two degrees south of their native
towns. A criminal, therefore, has rather
a better home than before he was exiled.
The celebrated convict settlement of
Nerchinsk, lies eight degrees south of
St Petersburg, aud fourteen degrees
south of Moscow, and corresponds in
latitude almost to that of Berlin. It is
not true that the exiles are sent to a
bleak, desolate, uninhabited Arctic
waste. Take for instance the Siberian
province of the Trans-Balkan which con
tains two of the largast of the exile mi
ning settlements the mines of Ner
chinsk and the mines of Kara. It has
an area of 10,000 square miles and a
population of 130,000 of which, 10C,
00U are Russians. It has 677 towns, vil
lages and settlements.and 334 churches
and places of worship. The inha
bitants own 130,000 horses, 24O,t)O0
cattle, 450,000 sheep and 3,500 camels.
In one year there were grown 300,000
bushels of grain and 7,000 pounds of
tobacco.
Conditional Claaaea.
It was a Third-avtnue street car, and
he was a new driver.
Wbat did you ;op for I" inquired the
conductor.
"Begorra, sir, and doesn't the notice up
there in the car say lbe driver shall sthop
whin be sees a gintlemen raising his band
above his bead f '
Wbv. you blockhead, he never raiied
bis hand tc stop the car; he is only holding
on to the awning rope.
"Sure, an the none doesn t ray what
he should be holding n; his hai for."
"Oh, drive on, rat,"
"Divd a bit will I dnve oa; the notice
doesn't say I shall drive."
'But I say you muu
"Out wid ve, ye spalpeen I The notice
says 1 shall sthop if 1 see a gintlemen raise
his band ubive bis head, but niver once
did it y 1 should start on sain. Go radc
tbe notice yerself."
"But don I you see you are blocking the
line up!"
"Aisv, now I Aisy, now: Its not nie-
aiif that will be disobeyin the rules on me
first trip."
Acd so conscien'ious was Pat in the
discharge of his duty that a policeman had
to drag him off to the station, while tbe
conductor drove tbe car to the stables.
There must be so ne conditioaal clauses to
that notice.
KalM Your Own Flub.
By attaching a pump, piopeHed by the
wind to a well, you can supply a basin
from fifty to sevtnty-Cve feet in diameter
acd six to eight feet deei, with water suf
ficient to raise several tboutand carp or
other fish. The cost of this pond and ap-
purlenancej ntei not exceeu fifty dollars.
the bot'om and sides need to be cemented
thoroughly. When the basin is complete
place in it a small quantity of brush or
floating weeds. If you intend to raise
carp, do not place other nsn ot a preda
tory character in the pond. The spawning
wul occur dining tbe apring months.
the remote lajin; from 60,000 to 600,000
eggs. The eggs will adhere to whatever
they touch, and will scou hatch. The green
scum ef a p rtially stagnant pond is fine
food food for the young fia'i. Mud in the
bottom of the pond isbtn ficial. Tbe fish
will feed readily ou kitcben-gsrden refuse,
such as babbige, leeks, lettuce, hominy or
other substances. Vt alar seldom becoimw
too warm for these fish. During freezing
weather tbey bury themselves in the mud
at tbe bottom oi the pond. While is ibis
condition tbey shon d not be disturbed. In
a pond of of the given dimensions several
thousand fish have annually been taken
if weeds acd grass grow profusely abcut
tbe borders of tbe poud. so much better
tor the fish. In two years time you can
have an abundant and constant supply of
sport and !ood, snd the advantage of a
ond to assist in beautifying your home.
1 mtLTlmm taa
Putemkin assembled all the troops uf
the empire along the route her majesty
was to travel He ordered great public
works to be commenced, at which the
workers toiled day and night; he repair
ed the dilapidated mansions o'. the
nobility at the places she was to sleep,
garnishing them at his own eapense with
the richest furniture, and even present
ing their owners with plate Mid linen,
that Catherine might be impressed with
the wealth and prosperitv of the domin
ions under his care. Crowds of people
were deported from the outlying pro
vinces and brought to iine tbe route and
hurrah as Catherine drove past; there
after they were hurried forward to greet
her with a similar welcome at a later
stage of the journay. "I thought," said
ahe, "that I was coming to a desert,but
here I find the true springs of my em
pire in all their vigor and activity." By
fetes, pyrotechnic displays, each one of
hieh cost 40,000 roubles, splewdid
hospitalities such as only the imagina
tion of Potemkiu eould conjure, he turn
ed tbe royal progress which was to work
his discomfiture into a series ef tri
umphs. At Kief her majesty embarked
to sail down the Dnieper as far as Kay
dak, where the thirteen cataracts begin,
rendering navigation impossible for a
space of sixty vtrsts. The distance her
majesty had to sail was 430 versts; and
the bed of this part of the river Fotem-
kin had levelled at an enormous ontlav
of mousy. A magnificent fleet of fifty
galleys, the rooms of which were hung
with silk, each ship having on board an
orchestra of twelve musicians, carried
Catherine and her suite dowu the river.
Thq banks of the Dnieper were dotted
with cities, towns, villages and hamleto,
which had grown np as Jonah's gourd
to disappear as quickly. In many cases
the distant buddings were simply sham
fronts facing the river. Th wharves of
the towns were littered with hnge bales
labelled "Silk." etc. but which, when
pierced, were found to contain straw;
shopkeepers iu bona fide townshios
were ordered to pack np their stock-in-
trade and bmlu it round the doors. At
Kay dak, where she disembarked, Potem
sin conducted the caorina to a large
mansion which had just been built; be
hind it lay an English carden. iuto
which, says S?gnr, "the magic Prince
Potemkin hfd caused trees of extraor
dinary size to be planted a- cheering
prespeet, varied by wood, waters and
dowers." Here her majesty reviewed
the troops forty -five squadrons of
cavalry and a numerous body of infantry
all newly armed and equipped. From
the town, also, the deluded lady wrote
to her ministers in St Petersburg, ex
pressing her satisfaction with the condi
tion and prosperity of Potemkiu 's Gov
ernment, adding, "I beg you will tell
this to the unbelievers, and make use of
my letter to put an end to the cavils f
ill disposed. It is high time that
entire justice should be done to those
who devote themselves to my service
and that of the State with so much zeal
and success." After visiting the Crimea,
whre the theatrical genius of Potemkin
devised new surprises at every halting
place, her majesty began her homeward
journey. Tbe curtain fell at Pultawa,
where a mimic repetition of the great
battle fought there in 1709 by Charles
XIL and Peter the Great was produced
for Catherine's delectation. The coup
dc theatre was over; Potemkin returned
to his Government loaded witn presents;
the caorina, welcomed, feted, hymned,
made her way via Moscow the capitol.
after the most wonderful royal progress
the world has ever seen. She left St.
Petersburg on the 14th of January, 1787;
she entered it again on the 2 2d of July.
Recalling the marvels and romance of
the journey, the French ambassador
speaks of "fleets suddenly created;
squadrons of Cossacks and Tartars
coming from th remots parts of Asia;
illuminated roads; mountains on fire;
enchanted palaces; gardens raised in a
night; temple) of Diana; duhgbt'ul
harems; wandering tribes; dromedaries
and camels; dethroned princes of the
Caucasus and Georgia paying their
homage and addressing their prayers''
to the Light of the North, as her flatter
ers elled her. Remembering that one
mind planned it all and attended to
every dutail of th comedy, we are
forced to confess that whatever we may
hud I'otenikiu s qualities as a statesman
or soldic r to be, he was at least born to
be a courtier or a showman.
CUpplua Hurwi.
There has been mnch talk pro and
con, upon the subject of clipping horses;
that is, the shearing of the hair close to
the skin by neana of an implement
made for the purpose. The farmer has
no business with horses that have been
clipped. They must be blanketed in the
stable, and doubly blanketed out of
doors when standing. No man owning
horses should ever allow them to be
clipped, except tnat class who use tht-m
for light work, and who can of course
afford to take the best of care of them
in and ont of the stable. Coach horses
or any other horses left standing in the
cold should never le clipped. In this
connection a word npon stable maLage-
ment may be in place.
lbere is economy in a blanket for
every horse doing work in the stable.
and out when standing at rest. The
cost is but little, aud this cost will be
saved in one winter in the saving of
feed, to say nothing of the comfort to
the poor dumb brutes, the moat faithful
as they are the most useful of our four-
footed servants. Do not, therefore, lis
ten to interested parties. Those of onr
patrons who keep horses in villages and
and other suburban localities, should
have blaukets, one set for the stable and
ot se ' for the street and use them
These will soon show in the slek glossy
coats, if faithful work is laid out in
grooming, (remembering a stabled horse
cannot dean himsel:) and in any event
in a general improvement in condition.
t '. -- :v ..;;iZi
Th orrd J KiUtixu XeTSvl i
te&a thu 4 .
At West
our ile of sjtg
sold f $:7.50O.
Wiscon-uu n'j-'ice ia 3.433 mile ot
complete railways.
New Tear's day Georgi i had $971,
4S3.24 in tb treasury.
Chicago obtains a revenue of SS1,
423 yearly from saloons.
-There ar eighty cotton aud woollen
mills in North Carolina.
The latest novelties in canned goods
are frogs and sweet potatoes.
A firm iu Fleming county. Ky., has
killed 60,000 turkeys this season.
The Mikado has ordered twenty -fiv
splendid carriages in London.
It takes 800 full blown roses to
make a teaspoouful of perfume.
Abont 1,200 Indians are being; fed
at Fort Walsh, Montana territory.
-One huudred aud fifty-four failure
are reported for the past week.
Boston has 12,896 gas lamps, and
7587 of them were broken last year.
The State tobacco monoplv of
France yielded laat year S';0,000,0H).
It is said that ten year- hence there
will be 25,000 carp pound in Illinois.
Iowa spent $1,813,093 for common
schccls aud about 20,000. 000 for li.juor.
-Black walnut is so plentiful in Ken
tucky that thd peoplo use it for fence
roils.
The standing armv of little Belgium
is twice as largo as that of the Uuited
States.
Liquor licen-w to the nnmler of
10,551 were issued in New York last
year.
Eihtv nine couretrational churches
were established last vear in the United
States.
The speaking trumpet is said to
hav been invented by Alexander th
Great.
The timbei of Prince Wittgenstein'
estates in Russia is estimated at $5,000,
000. The first Admiral of E.ijrland was
R-'ch.ird de Lncv, appointed by Henry
HI. in 1223. "
The Christians of Evpt burnt but-
kr instead of cil in their lamjis, iu the
third eenturv.
The total niimV-r of periodicals and
newspapers published throughout the
world is 37,274.
One thousand o le hundred aud fifty
eases ornament tho L uittd States su
preme com t docket.
Algernon Charles Swinburne is in
a state of such good health as promise
much good work.
589,514 gallons of corn whiskey
were made (according to law) in North
Carolina ia 1881.
irrrdn''ham. Ain.. has ei"ht thou
sand inhabitants. Twelve years aero it
was a cotton field.
A boy iu Portsmouth, Ohio, has
been badly 1 united and scalded by the
bursting of a toy engine.
Five thousand Cliicajroans under
took to send valentines through the
post-office without stamps.
Augustus solemnlv degraded and
overthrew the statue of Neptune because
bis Beet had Uen wrecked.
Oyer 23,000 steerage tickets have
already been sold to emigrants in Ger
many coming to thi nonntry.
Five thou.saud five hundred ud
eighty-two failures was the result of last
year's trade in the Uuited States.
The total stealings by public offi
cials in Newarc, New Jersey, for six
months aggregate S5.182.345.
The assessed wealth of Massachu
setts is 81.684,112:3,481, orou an average
of $1,142 50 to each inhabitant.
Jacob Thomson, former! v Secretary
of th Interior in President Buchanan's
Cabinet, is now liviug in Rome.
The City Council of Chattanooga,
enn., has issued an order for the des
truction of the English sparrows.
A Fall River turkey in being pre
pared for the spit was found to have a
handsome gold thimlde in its gizzard.
Lampreys at one time was a favorite
ish in England, and, cooked in many
lifferent ways, aud eaten in large quan
tities.
The report of Madame Taglioni's
death in Berliu is contradicted. Th
great dancer is alive aud well in Lon-
on.
Gnstave Dare is at work upon th
statue of Alexandre Dumns, which is
intei.d d for the I'la-e Malesberbes in
Paris.
Th late Gov. Blue Jeans Williams.
f Indiana, is to have a granite monu
ment 23 feet 9 iuch?s high, and to cost
;2000.
Sir Edward Thornton's first recep
tion at St. Petersburg was attended by
,800 people and pronounced a great
success.
Harvard College uo longer deminds
tht one of the two names on everv stu-
leiit's bond shall be that of a Massachu
setts citizen.
Senator Voorhees declares that he
as cured himself of rheumatic gout by
taking lemon juice in warm water twice
r thrice a da v.
Nineteen thousand dollars was the
sum brought by Moutpelier, the home
and burial-place of President Madison,
at its recent sale.
The number of hogs packed in Cin
cinnali during the season which closed
recently was 331.878. This is 137,347
p than during the winter season of
1880-81.
It is calculated the doily papers of
the United States isaui 1,051,2:10,000
copies yearly, and the othtr peridicals
bring the total up to 2,0J0,000,000
wpies per snnnm.
A Baltimorean wishes to sell to th
Fedend Goverment, for $1500, General
Washington a sword-knot. It is well
preserved, is of silk and silver bullion,
with a tinsel rosette, and its genuineness
is said to be well attested.
The Protestant Christian Chinamen
have been relieved from taxation for re
ligious festivals in China. Thev number
about 15.000. The Romans Catholics
secured sueti exemption many years
7,600,000 persona in the United
State are engaged in agricultural pur
suits. Tne total value of forms and
farm implements is 313,461.200,434, or
two-thirds il the protective wealth of
the nation. The value of farm products
and live stock foi 1373 was S3. 000,000,
000, against 11,800,000,000 of mining
iuiu ixuauuiacf onng proaucta.
J