B. F. SCHWEIER,
THE CONSTITUTION THE UNION AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW 3.
Editor and Proprietor
VOL. XXVIII.
MIFFLINTOWN, JUNIATA COUNTY, PENNA., OCTOBER 21, 1S74.
NO. 4-2.
Poetry,
An J this m the end of it all ! it rounds the
year's completeness;
Only a walk to the stile, through fields afoam
with sweetness;
Only the suuset-lnjht, pnrple and reI on the
river;
And a liugering71ow good-night, that means
good-bye forever.
So be it ! and God be with yon ! It bad been,
perhaps, more kind
Had you sooner (pardon the word) been sure of
knowing yonr mind.
We can boar so much in yonth who cares for
a swift, sharp pain ?
And the two-edged sword of truth cuts deep,
bat it leaves no stain !
I shall just go back to my work to my little
household cares.
That never make any show. By time perhaps,
in my prayers;
I may think of you ! For the rest, on this way
we've trodden together.
My foot shall fall as lightly as if my heart
were a feather,
Aud not a woman's heart, strong to have and
to keep,
Pationt when children cry, soft to loll them to
sleep.
Hiding its secrets close, glad when another's
hand
Finds for itself a gem where hers found only
sand.
Good-bye ! The year has been bright ! As oft
as the blossoms come.
The peach with its waxen pink, the waving
enow of the plnm.
I shall think how I used to watch, so happy to
see you pass
I could almost kiss the print of your foot on
the dewy grass.
I am not ashamed of my love ! Yet I would
not have yours now.
Though you laid it down at my feet. I could
not stoop so low.
A love is but half a love that contents itself
with less
Than love's utmost faith and truth and on
wavering tenderness.
Only this walk to the stile; this parting word
by the river.
That flows so quiet aud cold, ebbing and flow
ins forever.
'-Good-bye !" Let me wait to hear the last, last
sound of his feet !
Ah me ! but I think in this life of ours the
bitter outweighs the sweet.
The Argory.
ZIiKcelIan'.
How lo be Handsome.
If we are inflicted by nature with
crooked noses and irregular features,
it is because of irregularities in our an
cestors' features or habits, and we can
not nd ourselves of them ; but we can
so live that our children and grandchil
dren can be handsome. Kales of health
must be observed. Keep clean wash
freely and universally with cold water.
All the skin wants leave to act freely.
and it will take care of itself. Its thou
sands of air holes must not be plugged
en. Eat regularly and simply. The
stomach can no more work all the time,
night and day than a horse ; it must
have regular work and regular rest.
Good teeth are essential to good looks,
especially if people live so much on the
surface that they are continually talk
ing or laughing, Brush them with a
soft brush, especially at night. Go to
bed with the teeth clean, ut course,
to have white teeth it is needful to let
tobacco alone. Every woman knows
that. And any powder or wash for the
teeth should be very simple. Acids
may whiten the teeth, but they take off
the enamel or injure it. Jjook wen vo
the ventilation of your rooms, especially
your sleeping rooms. No one can have
a clear sum wno oreaiues uwi mr
Hat, more than all, in order to look
well, wake np the mind and the soul.
When the mind is awake, the dull,
sleepy look passes away from the eyes.
Keep thinking ideasant noble thoughts,
and read not trashy novels, but books
that have something in them. Talk
with people who know something ; hear
lectures and learn by them. This is
one good of preaching. A man thinks,
and works, and tells nt the result. But
if we listen, and heed, and understand,
the mind and soul are waked np. If
the spiritual nature is aroused, so much
the better. We have seen a plain face
really glorified with the love oi uod
and men which shone through it. Let
us grow handsome.
The Dome of tit. Paul.
The dome of St Paul's is the origi
nal of our dome at Washington ; but ex
ternally I think ours is the more grace
ful of the two, though the effect inside
is tame and flat in comparison. This
is owing partly to the lesser size and
height, and partly to our hard, trans
parent atmosphere, which lends no
charm or illusion, but mainly to the
stupid, unimaginative plan of it Our
dome shuts down like an inverted iron
pot ; there is no vista, no outlook, no
relation, and hence no proportion.
You open a door and are in circular
pen, and can look in only one direction
np. If the iron pot were slashed
through here and there, or if it rested
on a row of tall oolums, or piers, and
was shown to be a legitimate part of
the building, it would not appear the
exhausted receiver it does now.
The dome of St Panl's is the culmi
nation of the whole interior of the build
ing. Kising over the central area, it
seems to gather np the power and ma
jesty of the nave, the aisles, the tran
septs, the choir, and give them expres
sion and expansion in its lofty firma
ment A'crioncr.'. for September.
A needlewomen syndicate.
The needlewomen of Paris are about
forming themselves into a society or
syndicate, to protect their interests
and to struggle against those employ
ees who are constantly reducing prices.
There is a difference of 30 per cent in
the prices paid for the same work by
certain establishments, and there are
intermediary agents who often find
their remuneration at the expense oi
the ouvrieres.
The wages of a needlewoman vary
from one to three francs par day. The
payment for sewing a waterproof va
ries from 20 to 13 sous, and the finish
ing of it from 8 to 5 sons ; piqueuses,
if skillful, can gain 3 francs per day.
Added to all this there are two months
of a dead season throughout the year.
An ordinary dress with corsage, is
paid at the rata of 6 francs, and requires
the labor of two dars ; a costume with
a corsage Louis XV., with flounces,
etc., is paid at the rate of 28 franca,
but exacts ten or twelve days of close
work to finish it ; linen caps, whether
for children or women, are paid at the
rate of 5 francs the dozen.
THE PREStRIPTIOM.
"I wish yon could tell James when he
comes in to turn the cows into the lower
lot And if Turpin calls, tell him I
have concluded to take those sheep I
want the merinos. And while I am
getting ready, please take my memoran
dum book and note down four harness
straps, five pounds of nails, and a
gimlet, half a jockey strap, and and
yet I believe that is alL I forgot them
when I made out the items this morn
ing." Mrs. Streeter rose wearily, laid her
sleeping babe carefully in its crib, and
proceeded to record the articles named.
She was young not over twenty-five,
but the complexion was sadly faded,
and faint lines were already marking
the white forehead, while the tired eyes
told of care and hinted strongly of an
unsatisfied heart
And this thin cheeked, pink-eyed
woman had been called a beauty only
seven years before 1 And when she gave
her hand to Newton Streeter she could
say what few girls can ; "I married my
first love."
Judge Streeter, the father, was sup
posed to be wealthy. But soon after his
son's marriage a financial crisis came,
and the thousands dwindled into
hundreds.
It was false pride, perhaps, but the
young man shrank from a position
under those who had once looked np to
him and his thoughts turned wistfully
towards the western prairies.
He expected objections from his
young and accomplished wife. But she
saw with his eyes, and was not only
willing, but eager to go and help him
make a home that should be all their
own. The purchasing of a prairie team,
some larming implements, and the ex
pease of building a small house, ex-
hausted his capital and the young
couple commenced their married life as
many others had done, who had been
blessed with their advantages. The
small dwelling contained but three
sleeping apartments, and this fact
added to their uncertain income, in
duced Mrs. Streeter to take npon her
self the entire care of the household.
Two children had come in the seven
years to nestle in her bosom. But one,
a fairy child of three summers, had slid
away from them, and was now sleeping
beneath the flowers of the prairies ; and
the tired wife had sighed as she looked
on the cold, folded hands.
"She will never toil, as I have done ;
but oh. I wanted her so much," the
lonely mother sobbed forth.
Mr. Streeter was considered a wealthy
farmer. His acres had broadened and
his stock increased. Physically and
mentally strong, and with a gentle
loving wife ever studying his tastes and
wishes, why should he wear out fast ?
But of her. Naturally frail, she had
been like a willow bending beneath a
bnrden voluntarily taken up. With ex
ception of an efficient girl for a few
weeks when little Mary died she had
performed all the labor required in the
house since she became its mistress.
Newton Streeter took the memoran
dum, glanced hastily at the nearly
written items, and then he stepped into
the light buggy and drove away.
But no longer might she linger, for
the sponge was wanting in the kitchen
to be kneaded, aud the baby's naps
were like angel's visits. And before
the task was well over his bugle note
sounded to arms, and the fretful child
was taken up and caressed and soothed
to quietness.
She was conscious of a strange dizzi
ness. When she arose from a stooping
position her head was aching miserably
and her eyes seemed burning. What
was coming over her ? She must be ill.
Oh, no ; she had no time for that And
then her thoughts drifted away to the
dear old home of childhood, and she
asked herself, for the first time, if she
had done wisely to leave it for this life
of toil and care?
It was a dangerous question for a
wife mother.and she clasped her chdd
more closely to suppress in her heart
the disloyal answer.
When Mr. Streeter returned exultant
over the dollars he had deposited in the
bank, he found no supper prepared, and
his wife helpless upon the bed, with
checks flushed with fever, and the wail
ing child distracting her with demands
for care.
A physician and nurse were soon sum
moned from the city, and the weary wife
enjoyed the luxury of being ilL
Bat convalscence soon followed ; and
before leaving his patient the old
doctor,' close observer and deep
thinker, took the husband aside, and
asked :
"Did you know what brought this
fever on your wife, Mr. Streeter ? Ton
have worked her nearly to death."
"Ton are speaking of my wife, not
my horse."
"Granted ; and I say again yon are
working her to death,"
"Really, Doctor, snch language is
unpardonable,''
"And vet yon will pardon it And
furthermore by your great love for the
self-sacrificing woman we have just left,
I shall perform an operation on your
eyes that you may see as I see.'
And then ne piacea we com naru
facts before him, from the time she be
came a bride, Deautiiui ana accom
plished, to the village, np to the date
of present illness in which domestic
cares only had haunted here in feverish
dreams. In concluding he added :
"I truly believe, if she takes up her
old burdens at once, that before the
year has passed, the grave or insane
asvlum will receive her."
The strong man shuddered.
"As heaven is my witness, sir, I have
only permitted, not exacted, this sacri
fice. She voluntarily took her plaoe by
my side and has uncomplainingly kept
step with me,"
No, she has not kept step, to follow
your own figure. Unable to keep np
witn your long rapm i "
fallen, faint and footsore, by the way.
I tell you she must have rest for both
mind and body or I will not answer for
the result And it would be bettor
found away from home."
"Yes. I begin to corapreuana, uiu
can be found away." And oflenng his
hand, "I will take care, doctor, that yon
do not get a chance to administer an
other such dose to me,"
Mr. Streeter went oaca to me room
where his wife was sitting propped up
t. and a rush of unutterable
tenderness swelled in his heart as he
glanced at her pale face and almost
transparent hands. He sat down beside
her and said softly :
"Yon don't know how glad I am that
a .1 If
you are Better.
"Thank yon. Yes I am almost well
now-shall soon be able to be in the
kitchen. 1 am sure I must be sadly
needed there by this time.
"No you are not needed there, ay
the way would yon like to have me put
the farm to rent this summer, and you
take the boy, and go back to the old
granite hills " . .
Tjn oonia you i
the voice quivered with excitement;
then wistfully, "but the expense.
Newton. It would put ns back so
mncb."
"Yes, there it is ; the old doctor was
right" he thought And then aloud.
"Do yon know what I went to the city
for the day you were ill ?"
"To deposit some money for more
land 1 think yon said, she replied
wearily.
"Yes, but I do not need that land. I
have far more land than I can cultivate
now. And yon shall have that money
or, at least all yon want of it and
go home and stay all the summer, and
try to get some of your blood back. I
shall write to-day that yon are coming,
Mrs. Streeter could hardly believe it
was not one of her feverish dreams.
But it all came about in good time.
and she arrived safely at home, where
she was petted and caressed to her
heart s content
"You are all trying to spoil me," she
would expostulate ; I shall never be fit
for a farmer s wife any more.
And thus among loving friends,
riding, walking, and when at home read
ing music, and writing long letters to
her husband, the summer wore swiftly
away.
And now he had written that he was
coming, and'she was counting the days
that must elapse ere she could look
npon his face and be clasped to his
heart She was eager to go now. Her
holiday was ver. Health had returned
and not an instant did she shrink from
the old life.
And when the husband came and saw
the wonder one summer had wrought,
he again told himself that the good
doctor was right
A few days were given to the old
friends and then they turned their faces
toward their western home.
It was evening when they arrived, and
the wife looked with bewilderment on
the change. A handsome front had
been added to the old dwelling ; and
before she had time to question she was
ushered into a parlor newly furnished
and already lighted. An elegant piano
stood in a recess evidently constructed
for its reception.
She turned toward her husband to as
sure herself that he, too, had not
changed into something or somebody
else. Bat the merry twinkle in his eye
told her he was enjoying her surprise,
and slowly she began to realize the
whole situation. Yes now she under
stood his strange reluctance to mention
what he was doing, and his willingness
to have her remain, even after she had
expressed her anxiety to return.
"Come, I have more to show you,"
and he showed hor into a large com
modious room furnished for her own
sleeping apartment even to her baby's
crib.
"This is for yon. And now lay aside
your dusty garments and prepare for
tea. It must have been ready an hour
ago. I will go and see."
When he returned he found his little
wife sitting in her little-rocker and
weeping silently.
"Have I wounded where I wished to
heal f" he asked reproachfully.
"Forgive me," she said smiling ; "I
am a goose, but a tired-winged one, you
know. Aud I am so happy to be at
home in snch a home that I have no
words in which to tell my happiness."
He stooped to kiss the offered lips.
And what a different life it was busy,
not burdened. Time for the wants of
the mind as well as the body. Good
help in the kitchen all the time, and
choice reading for any leisure hour.
The farm was an unfailing source of
income, fully defraying all expense in
favor.
"Been improving I see," said Dr.
Meeker, as he reined his light carriage
to the neat fence.
"Yes, Doctor. Come in ; I want to
show you all the improvements. Here
Mary, the Doctor wants to see you."
And as she came to greet him, rosy
with health and happiness he nodded
his head at her husband.
"Yes, that will do," and then glancing
at the open piano, "I am going to stay
just long enough to hear one tune
played. Will you favor me ?" And with
the old gallantry, fitted so awkwardly
to his brusque manner, be led her to
the instrument, and stood bat in hand
while she played. There, thank yon, I
have cut off my own supplies. No
more fees for me here, I see. Just my
luck, I never did know enough to make
my bread and butter. Good-bye, Mrs.
St roe tea." And again nodding to the
husband, he trotted out to his vehicle
and went on his way, his cheery voice
humming, to his horse, perhaps the
tune he had just heard.
A Xerve Chronometer.
Some experiments have recently been
made by Exner to determine the reac
tion time of the sensorium, that is to
say, the time required to convey an
impression along the nerves to me
brain, and to convey an order from the
brain to any portion of the body, to
gether with the interval required oy tne
brain to deliberate and act Exner's
method of observation consisted in
stimulating some portion of the body,
and requiring the person immediately
to make a signal by pressing a tele
graphic key with the right hand.
Marks were produced on a blackened
cylinder both at stimulation and at sig
naling, and the interval was noted by
the ordinary methods of the chrono
graph. The reaction time ranged be
tween thirteen and thirty-six hun
dredths of a second, and seems inde
pendent of age, being shortest in those
who have the habit of concentration.
The tables also show it to have been
the shortest when the stimulation was
applied to the eye by means of an elec
tric shock, and then follow in order an
electric shock given to the finger of the
left hand, sudden sound, an electric
shock to the forehead, a shock to the
right-hand finger, the sight of an elec
tric spark, and lastly a shock commu
nicated to the toes of the left foot
Keep It To Yourself.
Tnn havA tmnhlA vonr feelings are
itiinnul vnnr hnshand ia nnkind. TOUT
wife frets, your home is not pleasant
yonr friends do not treat yon fairly,
and things in general move uspiem-
.l U'Jl what nf it? Keen it to
yourself. A smouldering fire can be
found and extinguisnea ; out, wnen
the coals are scattered, wno can pick
tkn, nnt Rnrv Tnnr Morrow. The
.UVU. U J J
place for sad and disgusting things is
, . .
under the ground, a. cu anger i uui
kinoiitiw1 hv nnllinir off the plaster, and
exposing it under somebody's eyes;
tie it np and let it aloae ; it will get
well of itself sooner man yon can cure
it Charity covereth a multitude of
ni Thin on tlms covered are often
cured without a scar ; but once pub
lished and confided to meddling friends,
uH . Anl tn the trouble they may
cause. Keep it to yourself. Troubles
miA imoi what m. Anmfort it U to
UCaUCU Savaava a-- -
aav. "No one ever knew it until it was
ail over I
A alitor of Dob Qaixote.
The river Henarea. leaving the nnr.
plo hills to arladden wilh ffnunnAu .
broad plain, winds like a hem of silver
around the ruinous walls, palaces, and
convents of the dreamy old town in
Spain called Alcala. On a narrow side
street, called the Calle de Cervantes,
there is placed in the srardenwall a
tablet bearing the modest inscription :
"Here was born Miguel de Cervantes
Saavedra, author of Don Quixote. By
his fame and genius he belongs to the
civilized world ; by his cradle to Alcala
de Henarea."
The. night of superstition had hung
long and heavily over Europe, but it
was into the dawn of the modern world
that Cervantes was nshered in 1547.
The silver throated chimes of Alcala
rang no louder on that memorable
autumn day ; only the sombre gloom
of the "season of falling leaves" fore
shadowed the sorrows of that life on
which no joy was waiting, save that
which comes from "noble, earnest
work."
Brohght np in the shabby privation
of a poor gentleman's family, the bright
eyed yonng Miguel was little thought
of then in Alcala. We may imagine
that he and his brother built many an
air-castle while strolling on the banks
of the musically-flowing Henarea, and
doubtless they often longed to see the
wide world lying beyond the distant
hills. Now and then, troops of soldiers,
in their crimson and blue uniforms,
glittering with shining arms, would
dash through the quiet town. This
was Cervantes' first glimpse of chiv
alry. While still yonng, the brilliant tal
ents of Miguel attracted the attention
of Lord Aquavia, the Papal Legate,
who took him to Borne. But the high
spirited yonth could not endure the
inglorious ease of the Cardinal's ser
vice ; so he left it to enlist in the sea
war against the Turks. Now the adven
tures of his romantic life commence in
earnest He fought bravely at Lepanto.
Three times he was wounded, and his
left hand was crippled.
Going home for promotion, our hero
was loaded with praise and kind letters
from the generous Don Juan, of Austria.
Those were happy days for Cervantes.
Youth, hope, and valor were his com
panions. The haven of honor glittered
before his raptured sight But, most
unfortunately, he and his brother were
captured by the Moors. Five wretched
years he spent in slavery, never for an
instant submitting to his fate. A dozen
desperate attempts he headed at flight
and insurrection ; and doubtless the
Moors would have killed him had they
not thought that a man who bore letters
from a prince would one day bring a
good ransom. Bat the cold-hearted
tyrant whon Cervantes had so gallantly
served paid no heed to the pleadings of
his comrades, and refused to do any
thing for his redemption. So his poor
father, Don Roderick, sold his estate,
and his sisters gave np their dowry, to
buy the freedom of their captive
brothers.
Still young enough to be light-hearted
and fond of glory, the brothers soon
joined the army agoiu, and served in
the war against Portugal. The elder
brother made his way up and got some
little promotion, hut Miguel, who was
gay and handsome, married, left the
army, and so gave up all hopes of
entering the haven of honor in that
direction.
By writing verses and plays he now
earned a meagre living, bnt kept his
accounts badly, was too honest to steal,
so fell into jail, and every year grew
"poorer, and wittier, and better.
In his old age, while his heart was
the "dreadful abode of care," this
remarkable man commenced "Don
Quixote," a book which has kept the
orld laughing even until now.
The first part of "Don Qaixote" was
published in 1005. In lfiOC, being then
nearly sixty years old, Cervantes went
to Madrid. Although now so old, and
although oppressed by neglect and
poverty, his cheerful spirit would not
be crushed down, bnt bore all misfor
tunes ".s bravely as in his youthful
campaigning days, feeling sure that
the light of true merit would glimmer
through even the rents and crannies of
poverty. In 1610 the Lord of Lenos
granted him a small pension, which he
received with a gratitude more generous
than the gift It is said that only kind
words to disgaised princes were ever so
magnificently rewarded as this yonng
noble's pension to the old genius.
From this time forth he dedicated all
his works to the Lord of Lenos, and
they form "a garland more brilliant and
enduring than the crown of Spain."
.Like many an artist, he nas leu us
his portrait painted by himself, and it
is a pleasant one to study. "He whom
yon see there with the aquilline face,
chestnut hair, a smooth and open brow,
merry eyes, a nose curved but well pro
portioned, a beard of silver which
twenty years ago was of gold ; this is
the face of the author of "Don Quixote
de la Mancha," and other works which
are straying about without the name of
the owner; he is commonly called
Cervantes had now reached an ad
vanced age. In some respects he was a
disappointed man, and having enjoyed
so little happiness in this life he began
to work earnestly to secure the perfect
peace and joy of a better world. In
the year 1613 he retired from society
for devotion. His only child, Isabel de
Saavedra, had entered the Convent of
the Trinitarian nuns, and it is related
as a touching fact that although in the
last four years of his life extreme poverty
compelled him to move through no less
than six streets, they were an wimin a
small half circle, whose centre was the
cell of his child. He fluttered about
the little Convent like a gaunt old eagle
about the cage which guards its callow
young.
Feeling the terrible hand of disease
upon b'", he grew no less merry or
cheerful, but wrote on faster than ever,
to make np for the lost years of his
yonth. While his heart was breaking
in death, he finished, with gay, spark
ling merriment the adventures of "Don
Qaixote," and gave the last touches to
his long cherished "Persiles."
"With one foot in the stirrup," this
brave, noble man wrote a farewell full
of touching gratitude to the Viceroy of
Naples, and on the 23d of April, 1616,
Cervantes and Shakespeare, the two
greatest spirits of the age, went over the
river of death together.
Although Cervantes in his yonth "had
poured out his blood and dragged the
chains of captivity for his country," and
in bis age had accomplished a work
which is now the glory of Castile, yet
in life, this greatest of Spaniards was
neglected and' despised, and in death
lain in the grave of a pauper. His only
mourner was a sobbing nun, who was
known to the world as Isabel de Saave
dra. When the whole civilized world rang
with the praises of "Don Quixote,"
Spain began to be proud of Cervantes'
genius, and erected a fine bronze statue
to his memory ia the Piazza of the
Cortes. He always loved to look back
upon the happy campaigning days of
his youth, and it would have gladdened
his cheerless age could he have dreamed
that he would one day stand in bronze,
as he may now stand for centuries, "in
the unchanging bloom of manhood,
with the cloak and sword of a soldier
and a gentleman," bathing his noble
brow forever in the rosy light of morn
ing, and in the rich splendor of evening;
a glory which Castilian skies might
well shed npon Miguel de Cervantes
Saavedra, who wrote, the Spaniards
often say, "the only book they have."
Show Yoa Have a Heart.
In this dull world we cheat ourselves
and one another of innocent pleasures
by the score, through very carelessness
and apathy ; courted day after day by
happy memories, we rudely brush them
off with this indiscriminating besom,
the stern material present ; invited to
help in rendering joyful many a patient
heart, we neglect the little word that
might have done it, and continnally
defraud creation of its share of kind
ness from us. The child is made mer
rier by yonr interest in its toy : tha old
domestic flattered by our seeing him
look so well ; the poor better helped by
your blessing than your penny (though
give the penny too) ; the laborer
cheered on his toil by a timely word of
E raise ; the humble friend encouraged
y your frankness ; equals made to love
you by the expression of yonr love; and
superiors gratified by attention and re
spect, and looking out to benefit the
kindly how many pleasures here for
one hand to gather ; how many bless
ings fur any heart to give I Instead of
these, what have we rife about the
world ? frigid compliment for warmth
is vulgar ; reserve of tongue for it's
folly to be talkative ; composure never
at fault for feelings are dangerous
things ; gravity for that looks wise ;
coolness for other men are cold ; sel
fishness for every one is struggling
for his own. This is ail false, all bad ;
the slavery chain of custom, riveted by
the foolishness of fashion ; because
there is ever a band of men and women
who have nothing to recommend them
but externals their looks are their
dresses, their ranks are their wealth
and in order to exalt the honor of these
they agree to set a compact seal of
silence in the heart and on the mind
lest the flood of humbler men's affec
tions, or of wise men's intelligence,
should pale their tinsel-praise ; and the
warm and the wise too softly acquiesce
ia this injury done to heartiness,
shamed by the effrontery of cold, calm
fools, and the shallow dignity of an
empty presence. Tarn tha table on
them, ye truer gentry, truer nobility,
truer royalty of the heart and of the
mind ; speak freely, love warmly, laugh
cheerfully, explain frankly, exhort
zealously, admire liberally, advise earn
estly be not ashamed to show you
have a heart ; and if some cold-blooded
simpleton greets your social efforts
with a sneer, repay him (for you can
well afford a richer gift than his whale
treasury possesses) with a kind, good
humored smile.
Child Life Among in Mliaker.
The I'ittslUld (Mass.) "Eugle' says
that children placed with the Shakers
at Lebanon arc indentured to Benjamin
(Jates, r miiiiij authority, until tlicy
"become of aV he atrreeing in the
paH-rs to provide tlicin food, clothing,
At. They are then placed in the
"children's order," under the churjre of
a sister designated to rare for them,
and she commences at once to instill
into their mimls titc jjlm icsof the creed.
In their management not a blow is
struck. Helractory ones are punished
by Ix'inir laid Hat upon the floor, fact
down. When they have Ix-en kept thus
prostrate for a length of time, they are
taken up and "talked to," the enormity
of their ottensca pointed out, anil are
exhorted to In-have better in the future.
Those from eiht to a dozen years of
a-e "jro to confession-' every Saturday,
and "own up"7 (or are supposed to) to
the little sins of the week that have
escaped the notice of their guardians.
And as they receive s-cial approval
after an apparently very full confession,
they early learn to roigure up quite
enormous stories, knowing that they
"gull" their confessors into a deeper
belief in their penitence. "Now dou't
yon feel ltctter after confessing all
that !"' aks the ancient virgin who ha
heard the story. "Yea, yea," savs the
little miss, and tipping a wink to her
companion she walks out as sedately
as a spinster of seventy. Another
method of punishment is to put the
youngster into a large sack, tying it
lijthtly ronnd the neck. Should the
child refuse to get into the bag it is
drawn over the refractory one, and
then, head, feet, and all enveloped, he
or she is left to repent of the offensive
disoledience. The children are sent
to school fonr months each year the
lKys in the Winter and the puis in the
Summer. Co-ed neat ion hasn't the
slightest support there. The girls and
boys must not converse together. If
tlu-r hnnnen to meet, and if a roguish
youngster is bold enough to break the
silence with some preuy niaioeu, me
maiden must lte deaf and dumb to him.
"Isn't there some 1mv here that you
are just a little fonder of than the
others V is a standing question in the
confessional. The reply always is
"nav," ami the blind old goodivs be
lieve it!"
Fa-Hhion In Nature and Art.
But what is fashion? It is simply
the common way of doing things.
Things must be done. We all agree to
that The human animal was not sent
furred or hairy into the world. It must
dress itself. In this climate it must
dress itself a good deal. The bear and
the beaver have no opportunity of set
ting or following the fashions. They
go in a foreordained groove. The
duck's neck and the peacock's tail are
wonderful specimens oi splendor in
attire, but neither duck nor peacock
has any hand in the matter. To man
alone is given the high art of using
taste, judgment and genius in his
clothes. And high art it is. in spite of
all our denunciations. Man and his
Maker are the formers of all the fashions
of the world. Man devises his own
dress. The Creator devises the dress
of all the beasts of the field, the birds
of the air, tho fish of the sea. If we
are to be taught by example, there
need be inherently no limit to variety
and pplendor of costume. So far as
usefulness is concerned, ail tne Diras
might just as well be gray. Does a fish
taste any better because his scales
shimmer like opal in the sunshine?
Man may waste himself on invention,
but he can never hope to surpass the
splendor of the beetle and the butter
fly. Why is the cut of a coat, the tint
of a gown, unworthy of the human
miud, when the Creator has so clothed
the grass of the field which to-day is
and to-morrow is east into the oven ? A
woman trims her hat, but God made
the feather.
Truth is impossible to be soiled by
any outward touch as the sunbeam.
Milton.
Parity of life.
I believe the world owes it to boys, as
well as to girls, that they shall be
Drought up to manhood with clean
minds ; this condition is much more ne
cessary than clean faces, hands, and
clothing, although the latter would nat
urally be associated with the former
condition.
Parity in the training of boys does
not make girls oi them. They do not
grow unmanly, as is too commonly be
lieved, by being taught modesty.
Lately it was my pleasure to remain a
short time in a family in which there
were four or five well brought np boys
and young men. They were a Btalwart,
handsome, manly set, with a self-respect
and modesty that gave them a
certain dignity, young as they were ;
but they had a live mother, though only
a plain, unlearned woman. They were
obedient, aflectionate, and respectful
to her. She had made every effort to
educate them ; to arouse their ambition
and industry, and had succeeded well,
but especially was she anxious about
their morals. I believe this article was
suggested by observing in her homely
but excellent face her motherly solici
tude when they were likely to be ex
posed to evil companions.
Among farmers, society does not re
solve itself into castes, but at their so
cial gatherings or ''dances," as they are
called, the lowest characters, even in
point of morals, may mingle with the
best I repeat, one could see the strug
gle in this mother's-fxee between marr
ing the pleasure of her brood and see
ing them among evil associates. Her
boys understood it, too, and sometimes
would say' "Mother, I don't care at all
about going, I am going to stay at
home," They were entirely trustwor
thy abroad, as the following incident
will prove : A neighlor's son came one
day to visit them. The mother's coun
tenance darkened as she saw him ap
proach. She said to me afterward. "I
imagine my boys will learn more vile
ness from that fellow in an hour than
they would in a year out of his com
pany ; he's had no training.' " At the
school which these yonng men atten
ded, I noticed them when together ;
though they were companionable, so
cial, and pleasant with this neighbor,
one could see the good mother's influ
ence reaching ont from home. There
seemed no cordial interchange of com
modities of a low nature, but they un
conscioubly refined their neighbor, and
imparted to him great self-respect
Phrenological Journal for Ot:tob;r.
QaiekHllver.
Mercury is the only metal known to
science which is fluid at ordinary tem
peratures. Mercury was well known to the an
cients, who, however, seem to have had
strange ideas regarding it They
thought it was silver in some peculiar
allotropic state. The name .4 rgentum
Vimm," by which they knew it, lead
to the modern name "Quicksilver."
The symbol used by the chemists of the
present day to represent mercury is
"Hg," from the Latin name "Hydrar
gyrum" literary, "Silver-water."
Pliny writes that the Greeks obtained
vermilion, which is the sulphuret of
mercury, from the Almaden mines in
Spain, "700 years before the birth of
Christ It was known as "Minium," a
name now applied to oxide of lead. It
was fonnd as a scarlet sand in the beds
of rivers. Ten thousand pounds were
sent to Borne annually, under seal,
where it was manufactured into ver
milion. Four centuries before Pliny's time
this metal is mentioned by Aristotle
and Theophrastes, under the name of
"fluid silver." Vitruvius describes a
method of fire gilding copper and silver
by its aid, much as the same process is
conducted at the present day.
The word vermilion is of quite a re
cent origin, being taken from the
French word "vermeil," from "vermi
culum," a name applied in the Middle
Ages to Kcrm, which is the Arabic
name for an insect from which a red
dye was obtained. The literal transla- j
tion oi AcrM is a "little worm, nence
the name "vermiculum" and "ver
milion." 0Maed lo Patents.
A strong opposition has gained head
of late in England against the patent
laws, and has been strengthened by the
support of Sir Boundell Palmer, who,
it may be said, had he consulted his
private interests, would certainly have
been among the first to uphold a sys
tem productive of such immense pecu
niary benefits to the law practitioners.
He seconded Mr. Macfie'smotion,made
in May, 1868, for the abolition of pat
ents, and in his speech propounded the
doctrine that invention and discovery
were essentially nnlike literary produc
tion. Copyright he held, applied to a
creation. A man wrote a book: he thns
brought into existence something which
had no existence in the nature of things
before. The rest of the world were not
in the race with him to write that par
ticular book. But in the case of inven
tions and discoveries, the facts with
which they were concerned lay in na
tnre itself. All bad a right of access to
the knowledge of natural laws, and all
engaged in snch pursuits were actually
upon the track which led te discovery
and invention. He cculd not allow
that the man who happened to be the
first in the race of discovery could
claim for fourteen, or any other term of
years, an exclusive property in a portion
of the common stock of knowledge
which was accessible to all who had the
means of discovering it What are
termed secondary patents Sir Bxfundell
condemned as unmitigated evils, and
said that they exceeded in number
E stents of importance, in the ratio of a
undred to one. Phrenological Jour
naL Take Time lo Ret.
Most men and women must keep in the
traces and keep pulling.the year round.
All the more, therefore, is it their duty
to take things easier as the hot weather
comes on. Take longer rests at noon.
Put on less steam when you art at
work. Snatch a Sunday now and then
from the middle of the week. Yon
can't ? Yon can. People find time to
be sick and die. They can just as easily
find time to rest and keep welL Every
thing does not depend on finishing that
dress or fencing that field : or "putting
up" so much fruit or catching so many
customers. Better that the children
should wear old clothes than that their
mother should be laid aside by a fever.
Better that the corn crop be a little
lighter than that there be no one to
harvest it Let as have shorter ser
mons and fewer of them on Sunday ;
longer recesses for the children at
school on week days. Put np the store
shutters earlier at night ; - prepare
plainer meals in the kitchen. Take a
noon-daynap yourself, and give yonr
employers a chance to go fishingof an
afternoon now and then. That only is
duty which the Lord lays npon ns and
he is not so hard a master as we some
times suppose.
"Voittlis Column.
Kiad lo Everylaiag.
8.fll. nr.rCy. Ilttl nltrr.
TU(ti Home ually )iuuh1 vtnn ;
BmtrrRif nl DKittiA, n-niemtivr.
An ucll very teaUer UuiiK.
Mnftir. ftry, mil tab-v.
Twirl your umber hal twur :
Little hatia tnay hanu a iw-lhiur
TboUi(tittaly, wt-u. a buc.
Oently stroke the pnrrinK piwey,
kiuitly at the frieudly (;
Lei yrmr umiik l.-Ii!ii( mercy.
veu tre the ud ur f rvK.
Wide i Ood' treat world around yotl ;
lrt the hamil' w creature live ;
Do uot mar their brief eujoynieut.
Take nut w!,at yu cannot give.
Let T""r heart be warm and t-nil- r
h'-r the tunte and helpte-a pleaj :
lmil!i( leatli U, prompt reilevli.K.
Kiuaty tuouxhl lo klutlly deed.
Tub Seven Wosdeks of thr World.
1. The Colossus at Rhodes, 121 feet
in height, built by Chares, a. d. ZjS,
occupying twenty years in making. It
stood across the harbor at Iihodes
sixty-six years, and was then thrown
down by an earthquake. It was then
bought by a Jew from the Saracens,
who loaded U00 camels with the brass.
2. The pyramids of Earypt The
largest one engaged .HW.OOO" workmen.
was fifty years in building, and has now
stood at least 3,000 years.
6. lue aqueducts of Koine, con
structed by Appius Claudius, the
Censor.
4. Labyrinths of Palaietichns, en the
banks of the Nile, containing within
one enclosure 1.I1K1 houses and twelve
royal palaces, all covered with marble
and having only one entrance. The
building was said to contain 3.0IN)
chambers and a hall bnilt of marble,
adorned with statnes of the gods.
5. Ihe 1 haros of Alexandria, a tower
of Ptolemy Philadelphus, in the year
liZ.m. a. it was built as a lighthouse.
and contained many maguificent galle
ries of marble a large lantern at the
top, the light of which was seen nearly
one hundred miles off. Mirrors of
enormous size were fixed around the
galleries, reflecting everything on the
sea. A common tower is now erected
in the same place.
6. The tower of Babylon, built by the
order of Semiramus or Nebuchadnezzar
and finished in one year by 200,U0
men. They were of immense thickness.
7. The temple of Diana at Ephesus,
completed in the reign of Servius, the
Bixth king of Kome. It was 4.j0 feet
long, 200 broad, and was supported by
121 marble pillars.
Leap Photographs. A pretty amuse
ment, especially for those who con
template the study of botany, is the
taking of leaf photographs. One very
simple process is, at any druggist's get
five cents worth of bichromate of pot
ash. Put this into a two ounce bottle
of soda water. When the solution has
become saturated that is, the water
has dissolved as mneh as it will pour
off some of the clear liquid into a shal
low dish ; on this float a piece of ordi
nary writing paper till it is thoroughly
and evenly moistened. Let it become
nearly dry in the dark. It should be a
bright yellow. On this put the leaf,
under it a piece of soft black cloth and
several pieces of newspaper. Put this
between two pieces of glass (all the
pieces should be ot the same size) and
with spring clothes pins fasten them
all together. Expose to a bright sun,
placing the leaf so that the rays will
fall on it as nearly as possible. In a
few minutes it will begin to turn brown
but it requires from a half an hour to
several hours to produce a good print
When it has become dark enongh to
take it from the frame and put it in
clear water, which must be changed
every few minutes till the yellow part
becomes perfectly white. 'Sometimes
the venation of the leaves will be quite
distinct By following these directions
it is scarcely possible to fail, and a
little practice will make perfect The
photographs, if well .taken, are very
pretty as well as interesting.
Vanilla. Little is generally known
alont this plant except that its long
slender pods are used to flavor cakes
and liquors. It is an orchid that
grows wild in tropical America, wlier
it will climb along for hnndreds of feet,
so long as it finds a snpport. The flow
ers are clustered together fifteen or
twenty at a time, and are greenish
white ; the pistil of each is protected
by a membrane, which prevents the
pollen from penetrating inside, unless
some insect or other accidental agent
happens to tear it open, a circumstance
which renders it somewhat difficult to
get pods without artificial means, con
sisting in tearing open the membrane
with a needle auJ bringing the authera
close to the stigma. By this patient
operation the plant soon becomes laden
with the covered pods ; these are green
at first, they theu become yellow, and
lastly chocolate-colored when ripe. The
seeds tuvy contain are innumerable,
but most frequently barren in cultivated
vanilla, which is therefore best propa
gated by cnttings, a method rendered
peculiarly easy by the circumstance
that the plant produces a vast number
of atrial radicles or shoots. Two species
of vanilla are grown on the Island of
La Ilennion, whither they were im
ported from America some twenty years
ago.
A osxtlexas was walking with his
little boy at the close of the day, and
in passing the cottage of a German
laborer the boy's attention was attracted
to a dog. It was not a King Charles,
nor a black and tan, bnt a common cur.
Still, the boy took a fancy to him, and
wanted 'pa' to buy him. Just then the
owner of the dog came home from his
labors and was met by the dog with
every demonstration of dog joy. The
gentleman said to tha owner : 'My
little boy has taken a fancy to your dog
and I will buy him. What do yon ask
for him ?' 'I can't sell dat dog I' said
the German. 'Look here, said the
gentleman, that is a poor dog any way,
but as my boy wants him I will give yoa
five dollars for him. 'Yaas, says the
German, 'I knows he is a werry poor
dog, and he ain't wort almost nottin,
bnt dere ish von Ieetle ding mit dat dog
vot I can't sell. I can't sell the vag of
his tail ven I comes home at night' -
A Morss that had lived all his life in
a chest says the fable, chanced one day
to creep np to the edge, and, peeping
out exclaimed with wonder "I did
not think the world was so large." The
first step to knowledge is, to know that
we are ignorant It is a great point to
know onr place ; for want of this, a man
in private life, instead of attending to
the affairs in his "chest" is ever peep
ing out and then he becomes a philoso
pher I he must then knew every thing,
and presumptuously pry into the deep
and secret councils of God not con
sidering that man is finite, and has no
faculties to comprehend and judge of
the great schemes of things. We can
form no ether idea of the dispensations
of God, nor can have any knowledge of
spiritual thing, except what God has
taught na in His word, and, where He
stops, we must atop. CiciU
y ariuttes.
In Paris they call gray hair "a little
dust from the road of life."
Unless a tree has borne blossoms in
spring, you will vainly look for fruit
on it, in autumn.
A farmer, while flagellating two of
his unruly boys, was asked what he was
doing. "Threehiug wild oats 1" was
the reply.
Boston Pott : Exclamation of a man
at a spiritual meeting: "O ! for the
touch of a vanished hand aud the sound"
of a voice that is still. "
"Yon are writing my bill on very
rough paper," said a client to his at
torney. "Never mind," said the lawyer,
"it has to be filed before it comes into
court"
To look at a lady through an opera
glass is an inexcusable all rout, unless
she is a professional celebrity and
places herself purposely on exhibition,
when the closest scrutiny is allowable.
The organization of a ladies' luncheon
club is on the tapis at Boston. It will
be a place where women can procure a
cup of coffee, oysters, sandwiches, and
the like at a reasonable rate, and where
they can meet for a pleasant chat for an
hour or two.
Ignorance is a grand, good thing, and
ought to be taught in the seminaries.
"I don't know" covers np more sins
than charity, and saves more trouble
every day of the week twenty times over
than all the learning of all the school
men of antiquity.
A wealthy Pittsbnrg merchant is re
ported as having said : "I always feel
happy when I am advertising, for then
I know, that waking or sleeping, I have
a strong, though silent orator working
for me ; one who never tires, never
sleeps, never makes mistakes and who
ia certain to enter the households from
which, if at all, my trade must come."
A standing antidote for poisou by
oak, ivy, etc., is to take a handful of
quick-lime, dissolve it in water, let it
stand half an hour, then paint the
poisoned parts with it. Three or four
applications will never fail to cure the
most aggravated case. Poison from
bees, hornets, spider bites, Ac, is in
stantly arrested by the application of
equal parts of common salt and bi
carbonate of soda, well rubbed in on
the plaoe bitten or stung.
Animals are not slaughtered scienti
fically in Paris and Vienna. The in
strument used is simply a very conve-"
nient form of ax, with a hollow cylin
der (like a gun-wad pnnch)abont six
inches long and one inch in diameter,
with its edge ground sharp on the end
opposite the blade. A single blow with
this end cuts a round hole in the fore
head, and produces instant death. Un
der the old method it required ten or
more blows to produce death.
There are 723,000,000 gallons of beer
consumed annually in England. In
Germany the number of gallons is 1 (,
000,000 of beer and 121.500.0(H) of wiue.
Frenchmen drink every year 51,800,000
gallons of beer and 600,000,000 of wine.
In the United States the annual eon
sumption of beer is 507,000,000 gallons,
22,000,000 of wine, and 7:1,000,000 of
distilled spirits. The value of all this
liquor represents 2,000, 000, and the
amount of capital invested in its pro
duction amounts to $2,000,000,000.
One of the French papers relates that
a traveller, who paid a visit of curiosity
to the chapel of Lonrdes, found among
the ex ro(t there displayed one com
posed of a pair of marshal's epaulettes,
and of a great number of stars, crosses,
broad ribbons ami other decorations.
It is M. Bazainn who made this offering
to the Virgin of Lonrdes ; bnt whether
the mark of gratitude was intended to
apply to the commutation of his sen
tence of death, or to his snoceeses in
the late war, or to his recent fortunate
escape, has not yet been ascertained.
In addition to the fact that ice ia
lighter than water, there is another cu
rious thing abont it which many per
sons do not perha. know namely, its
purity. A lnmp of ice melted will be
come distilled water. Witter in freez
ing turns out of it all that is not water
salt, air, coloring matter, and all im
purities. Frozen sea water makes
fresh water ice. If yon freeze a basin
of indigo water, it will make ice as
clear and as white as that niade of pure
rain water. When the cold is very sud
den, these foreign matters have no time
to escape, either by rising or sinking,
and are thus entangled with the ice,
but do not make any part of it
Two plants have recently been found
possessed of nsefnl medicinal quali
ties. One is a plant of Brazil, named
Jalorandi. It has a sudorific virtue
unequalled by any medicament hitherto
known. It is very suitable for those
maladies which are treated by cntane
ons exhalations, snch as rheumatism,
sciatica, chills, and virulent diseases
like smallpox and measles. The second
plant is tuberous Ailautus, which is
capable of checking stubborn iliarrha,
and especially dysentery. It is the
bark of the root which has this virtue
in highest degree. This is bruised in
a mortar, witli a little hot water, and,
after sifting, the extract is administered
in tecnpoonfnls.
St Petersburg, the capital of Russia,
is the haven of children who have a
Fro penalty for making mud sand pies,
n many of the small parks of that city
there are, here and there, large open
spaces covered with gravel. Every
morning in each of these spaces may be
seen a large pile of sand, cone shaped,
about four feet high and six feet in
diameter at the base. After breakfast
all the children, equipped with little
hatchets, spades, and wagons, repair to
these cones and employ themselves in
digging down and scattering the
material, according to their fancy, over
the gravel spaces. Next morning the
cones are ready for another assault
The city government provides the sand
and has it piled into cones each night
The manufacture of illuminating gas
from water has not been heard much of
lately, but now has come an English in
ventor who makes an illuminating gaa
from sewage water, forty-seven feet of
gas being obtained from one quart of
sewage water. One foot of sewage gaa
gives as much light as three feet of eal
gas, and the flame is clearer, purer, more
healthful, and cheaper. The process
consist in passing the liquid through
two heated retorts, then through an
iron cylinder called the hydraulic main,
which is above the furnace, then
through another heated retort, and next
through a coil of metal piping immersed
in cold water. Afterwards the process is
the same as in making coal gas. Recent
investigations have raised grave doubts
as to the propriety ef using sewage as
manure, the vegetables raised by its
means proving to be nnhealthfoL If we
can light onr streets and houses with
the contents of the sewers the great
problem of what to do with the sewage
of great cities is in a fair way to be
sowed. But it will not do to be too
sanguine.
1