B. F. SCHWEIER, THE CONSTITUTION THE UNION AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW 3. Editor and Proprietor VOL. XXVIII. MIFFLINTOWN, JUNIATA COUNTY, PENNA., OCTOBER 21, 1S74. NO. 4-2. Poetry, An J this m the end of it all ! it rounds the year's completeness; Only a walk to the stile, through fields afoam with sweetness; Only the suuset-lnjht, pnrple and reI on the river; And a liugering71ow good-night, that means good-bye forever. So be it ! and God be with yon ! It bad been, perhaps, more kind Had you sooner (pardon the word) been sure of knowing yonr mind. We can boar so much in yonth who cares for a swift, sharp pain ? And the two-edged sword of truth cuts deep, bat it leaves no stain ! I shall just go back to my work to my little household cares. That never make any show. By time perhaps, in my prayers; I may think of you ! For the rest, on this way we've trodden together. My foot shall fall as lightly as if my heart were a feather, Aud not a woman's heart, strong to have and to keep, Pationt when children cry, soft to loll them to sleep. Hiding its secrets close, glad when another's hand Finds for itself a gem where hers found only sand. Good-bye ! The year has been bright ! As oft as the blossoms come. The peach with its waxen pink, the waving enow of the plnm. I shall think how I used to watch, so happy to see you pass I could almost kiss the print of your foot on the dewy grass. I am not ashamed of my love ! Yet I would not have yours now. Though you laid it down at my feet. I could not stoop so low. A love is but half a love that contents itself with less Than love's utmost faith and truth and on wavering tenderness. Only this walk to the stile; this parting word by the river. That flows so quiet aud cold, ebbing and flow ins forever. '-Good-bye !" Let me wait to hear the last, last sound of his feet ! Ah me ! but I think in this life of ours the bitter outweighs the sweet. The Argory. ZIiKcelIan'. How lo be Handsome. If we are inflicted by nature with crooked noses and irregular features, it is because of irregularities in our an cestors' features or habits, and we can not nd ourselves of them ; but we can so live that our children and grandchil dren can be handsome. Kales of health must be observed. Keep clean wash freely and universally with cold water. All the skin wants leave to act freely. and it will take care of itself. Its thou sands of air holes must not be plugged en. Eat regularly and simply. The stomach can no more work all the time, night and day than a horse ; it must have regular work and regular rest. Good teeth are essential to good looks, especially if people live so much on the surface that they are continually talk ing or laughing, Brush them with a soft brush, especially at night. Go to bed with the teeth clean, ut course, to have white teeth it is needful to let tobacco alone. Every woman knows that. And any powder or wash for the teeth should be very simple. Acids may whiten the teeth, but they take off the enamel or injure it. Jjook wen vo the ventilation of your rooms, especially your sleeping rooms. No one can have a clear sum wno oreaiues uwi mr Hat, more than all, in order to look well, wake np the mind and the soul. When the mind is awake, the dull, sleepy look passes away from the eyes. Keep thinking ideasant noble thoughts, and read not trashy novels, but books that have something in them. Talk with people who know something ; hear lectures and learn by them. This is one good of preaching. A man thinks, and works, and tells nt the result. But if we listen, and heed, and understand, the mind and soul are waked np. If the spiritual nature is aroused, so much the better. We have seen a plain face really glorified with the love oi uod and men which shone through it. Let us grow handsome. The Dome of tit. Paul. The dome of St Paul's is the origi nal of our dome at Washington ; but ex ternally I think ours is the more grace ful of the two, though the effect inside is tame and flat in comparison. This is owing partly to the lesser size and height, and partly to our hard, trans parent atmosphere, which lends no charm or illusion, but mainly to the stupid, unimaginative plan of it Our dome shuts down like an inverted iron pot ; there is no vista, no outlook, no relation, and hence no proportion. You open a door and are in circular pen, and can look in only one direction np. If the iron pot were slashed through here and there, or if it rested on a row of tall oolums, or piers, and was shown to be a legitimate part of the building, it would not appear the exhausted receiver it does now. The dome of St Panl's is the culmi nation of the whole interior of the build ing. Kising over the central area, it seems to gather np the power and ma jesty of the nave, the aisles, the tran septs, the choir, and give them expres sion and expansion in its lofty firma ment A'crioncr.'. for September. A needlewomen syndicate. The needlewomen of Paris are about forming themselves into a society or syndicate, to protect their interests and to struggle against those employ ees who are constantly reducing prices. There is a difference of 30 per cent in the prices paid for the same work by certain establishments, and there are intermediary agents who often find their remuneration at the expense oi the ouvrieres. The wages of a needlewoman vary from one to three francs par day. The payment for sewing a waterproof va ries from 20 to 13 sous, and the finish ing of it from 8 to 5 sons ; piqueuses, if skillful, can gain 3 francs per day. Added to all this there are two months of a dead season throughout the year. An ordinary dress with corsage, is paid at the rata of 6 francs, and requires the labor of two dars ; a costume with a corsage Louis XV., with flounces, etc., is paid at the rate of 28 franca, but exacts ten or twelve days of close work to finish it ; linen caps, whether for children or women, are paid at the rate of 5 francs the dozen. THE PREStRIPTIOM. "I wish yon could tell James when he comes in to turn the cows into the lower lot And if Turpin calls, tell him I have concluded to take those sheep I want the merinos. And while I am getting ready, please take my memoran dum book and note down four harness straps, five pounds of nails, and a gimlet, half a jockey strap, and and yet I believe that is alL I forgot them when I made out the items this morn ing." Mrs. Streeter rose wearily, laid her sleeping babe carefully in its crib, and proceeded to record the articles named. She was young not over twenty-five, but the complexion was sadly faded, and faint lines were already marking the white forehead, while the tired eyes told of care and hinted strongly of an unsatisfied heart And this thin cheeked, pink-eyed woman had been called a beauty only seven years before 1 And when she gave her hand to Newton Streeter she could say what few girls can ; "I married my first love." Judge Streeter, the father, was sup posed to be wealthy. But soon after his son's marriage a financial crisis came, and the thousands dwindled into hundreds. It was false pride, perhaps, but the young man shrank from a position under those who had once looked np to him and his thoughts turned wistfully towards the western prairies. He expected objections from his young and accomplished wife. But she saw with his eyes, and was not only willing, but eager to go and help him make a home that should be all their own. The purchasing of a prairie team, some larming implements, and the ex pease of building a small house, ex- hausted his capital and the young couple commenced their married life as many others had done, who had been blessed with their advantages. The small dwelling contained but three sleeping apartments, and this fact added to their uncertain income, in duced Mrs. Streeter to take npon her self the entire care of the household. Two children had come in the seven years to nestle in her bosom. But one, a fairy child of three summers, had slid away from them, and was now sleeping beneath the flowers of the prairies ; and the tired wife had sighed as she looked on the cold, folded hands. "She will never toil, as I have done ; but oh. I wanted her so much," the lonely mother sobbed forth. Mr. Streeter was considered a wealthy farmer. His acres had broadened and his stock increased. Physically and mentally strong, and with a gentle loving wife ever studying his tastes and wishes, why should he wear out fast ? But of her. Naturally frail, she had been like a willow bending beneath a bnrden voluntarily taken up. With ex ception of an efficient girl for a few weeks when little Mary died she had performed all the labor required in the house since she became its mistress. Newton Streeter took the memoran dum, glanced hastily at the nearly written items, and then he stepped into the light buggy and drove away. But no longer might she linger, for the sponge was wanting in the kitchen to be kneaded, aud the baby's naps were like angel's visits. And before the task was well over his bugle note sounded to arms, and the fretful child was taken up and caressed and soothed to quietness. She was conscious of a strange dizzi ness. When she arose from a stooping position her head was aching miserably and her eyes seemed burning. What was coming over her ? She must be ill. Oh, no ; she had no time for that And then her thoughts drifted away to the dear old home of childhood, and she asked herself, for the first time, if she had done wisely to leave it for this life of toil and care? It was a dangerous question for a wife mother.and she clasped her chdd more closely to suppress in her heart the disloyal answer. When Mr. Streeter returned exultant over the dollars he had deposited in the bank, he found no supper prepared, and his wife helpless upon the bed, with checks flushed with fever, and the wail ing child distracting her with demands for care. A physician and nurse were soon sum moned from the city, and the weary wife enjoyed the luxury of being ilL Bat convalscence soon followed ; and before leaving his patient the old doctor,' close observer and deep thinker, took the husband aside, and asked : "Did you know what brought this fever on your wife, Mr. Streeter ? Ton have worked her nearly to death." "Ton are speaking of my wife, not my horse." "Granted ; and I say again yon are working her to death," "Really, Doctor, snch language is unpardonable,'' "And vet yon will pardon it And furthermore by your great love for the self-sacrificing woman we have just left, I shall perform an operation on your eyes that you may see as I see.' And then ne piacea we com naru facts before him, from the time she be came a bride, Deautiiui ana accom plished, to the village, np to the date of present illness in which domestic cares only had haunted here in feverish dreams. In concluding he added : "I truly believe, if she takes up her old burdens at once, that before the year has passed, the grave or insane asvlum will receive her." The strong man shuddered. "As heaven is my witness, sir, I have only permitted, not exacted, this sacri fice. She voluntarily took her plaoe by my side and has uncomplainingly kept step with me," No, she has not kept step, to follow your own figure. Unable to keep np witn your long rapm i " fallen, faint and footsore, by the way. I tell you she must have rest for both mind and body or I will not answer for the result And it would be bettor found away from home." "Yes. I begin to corapreuana, uiu can be found away." And oflenng his hand, "I will take care, doctor, that yon do not get a chance to administer an other such dose to me," Mr. Streeter went oaca to me room where his wife was sitting propped up t. and a rush of unutterable tenderness swelled in his heart as he glanced at her pale face and almost transparent hands. He sat down beside her and said softly : "Yon don't know how glad I am that a .1 If you are Better. "Thank yon. Yes I am almost well now-shall soon be able to be in the kitchen. 1 am sure I must be sadly needed there by this time. "No you are not needed there, ay the way would yon like to have me put the farm to rent this summer, and you take the boy, and go back to the old granite hills " . . Tjn oonia you i the voice quivered with excitement; then wistfully, "but the expense. Newton. It would put ns back so mncb." "Yes, there it is ; the old doctor was right" he thought And then aloud. "Do yon know what I went to the city for the day you were ill ?" "To deposit some money for more land 1 think yon said, she replied wearily. "Yes, but I do not need that land. I have far more land than I can cultivate now. And yon shall have that money or, at least all yon want of it and go home and stay all the summer, and try to get some of your blood back. I shall write to-day that yon are coming, Mrs. Streeter could hardly believe it was not one of her feverish dreams. But it all came about in good time. and she arrived safely at home, where she was petted and caressed to her heart s content "You are all trying to spoil me," she would expostulate ; I shall never be fit for a farmer s wife any more. And thus among loving friends, riding, walking, and when at home read ing music, and writing long letters to her husband, the summer wore swiftly away. And now he had written that he was coming, and'she was counting the days that must elapse ere she could look npon his face and be clasped to his heart She was eager to go now. Her holiday was ver. Health had returned and not an instant did she shrink from the old life. And when the husband came and saw the wonder one summer had wrought, he again told himself that the good doctor was right A few days were given to the old friends and then they turned their faces toward their western home. It was evening when they arrived, and the wife looked with bewilderment on the change. A handsome front had been added to the old dwelling ; and before she had time to question she was ushered into a parlor newly furnished and already lighted. An elegant piano stood in a recess evidently constructed for its reception. She turned toward her husband to as sure herself that he, too, had not changed into something or somebody else. Bat the merry twinkle in his eye told her he was enjoying her surprise, and slowly she began to realize the whole situation. Yes now she under stood his strange reluctance to mention what he was doing, and his willingness to have her remain, even after she had expressed her anxiety to return. "Come, I have more to show you," and he showed hor into a large com modious room furnished for her own sleeping apartment even to her baby's crib. "This is for yon. And now lay aside your dusty garments and prepare for tea. It must have been ready an hour ago. I will go and see." When he returned he found his little wife sitting in her little-rocker and weeping silently. "Have I wounded where I wished to heal f" he asked reproachfully. "Forgive me," she said smiling ; "I am a goose, but a tired-winged one, you know. Aud I am so happy to be at home in snch a home that I have no words in which to tell my happiness." He stooped to kiss the offered lips. And what a different life it was busy, not burdened. Time for the wants of the mind as well as the body. Good help in the kitchen all the time, and choice reading for any leisure hour. The farm was an unfailing source of income, fully defraying all expense in favor. "Been improving I see," said Dr. Meeker, as he reined his light carriage to the neat fence. "Yes, Doctor. Come in ; I want to show you all the improvements. Here Mary, the Doctor wants to see you." And as she came to greet him, rosy with health and happiness he nodded his head at her husband. "Yes, that will do," and then glancing at the open piano, "I am going to stay just long enough to hear one tune played. Will you favor me ?" And with the old gallantry, fitted so awkwardly to his brusque manner, be led her to the instrument, and stood bat in hand while she played. There, thank yon, I have cut off my own supplies. No more fees for me here, I see. Just my luck, I never did know enough to make my bread and butter. Good-bye, Mrs. St roe tea." And again nodding to the husband, he trotted out to his vehicle and went on his way, his cheery voice humming, to his horse, perhaps the tune he had just heard. A Xerve Chronometer. Some experiments have recently been made by Exner to determine the reac tion time of the sensorium, that is to say, the time required to convey an impression along the nerves to me brain, and to convey an order from the brain to any portion of the body, to gether with the interval required oy tne brain to deliberate and act Exner's method of observation consisted in stimulating some portion of the body, and requiring the person immediately to make a signal by pressing a tele graphic key with the right hand. Marks were produced on a blackened cylinder both at stimulation and at sig naling, and the interval was noted by the ordinary methods of the chrono graph. The reaction time ranged be tween thirteen and thirty-six hun dredths of a second, and seems inde pendent of age, being shortest in those who have the habit of concentration. The tables also show it to have been the shortest when the stimulation was applied to the eye by means of an elec tric shock, and then follow in order an electric shock given to the finger of the left hand, sudden sound, an electric shock to the forehead, a shock to the right-hand finger, the sight of an elec tric spark, and lastly a shock commu nicated to the toes of the left foot Keep It To Yourself. Tnn havA tmnhlA vonr feelings are itiinnul vnnr hnshand ia nnkind. TOUT wife frets, your home is not pleasant yonr friends do not treat yon fairly, and things in general move uspiem- .l U'Jl what nf it? Keen it to yourself. A smouldering fire can be found and extinguisnea ; out, wnen the coals are scattered, wno can pick tkn, nnt Rnrv Tnnr Morrow. The .UVU. U J J place for sad and disgusting things is , . . under the ground, a. cu anger i uui kinoiitiw1 hv nnllinir off the plaster, and exposing it under somebody's eyes; tie it np and let it aloae ; it will get well of itself sooner man yon can cure it Charity covereth a multitude of ni Thin on tlms covered are often cured without a scar ; but once pub lished and confided to meddling friends, uH . Anl tn the trouble they may cause. Keep it to yourself. Troubles miA imoi what m. Anmfort it U to UCaUCU Savaava a-- - aav. "No one ever knew it until it was ail over I A alitor of Dob Qaixote. The river Henarea. leaving the nnr. plo hills to arladden wilh ffnunnAu . broad plain, winds like a hem of silver around the ruinous walls, palaces, and convents of the dreamy old town in Spain called Alcala. On a narrow side street, called the Calle de Cervantes, there is placed in the srardenwall a tablet bearing the modest inscription : "Here was born Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, author of Don Quixote. By his fame and genius he belongs to the civilized world ; by his cradle to Alcala de Henarea." The. night of superstition had hung long and heavily over Europe, but it was into the dawn of the modern world that Cervantes was nshered in 1547. The silver throated chimes of Alcala rang no louder on that memorable autumn day ; only the sombre gloom of the "season of falling leaves" fore shadowed the sorrows of that life on which no joy was waiting, save that which comes from "noble, earnest work." Brohght np in the shabby privation of a poor gentleman's family, the bright eyed yonng Miguel was little thought of then in Alcala. We may imagine that he and his brother built many an air-castle while strolling on the banks of the musically-flowing Henarea, and doubtless they often longed to see the wide world lying beyond the distant hills. Now and then, troops of soldiers, in their crimson and blue uniforms, glittering with shining arms, would dash through the quiet town. This was Cervantes' first glimpse of chiv alry. While still yonng, the brilliant tal ents of Miguel attracted the attention of Lord Aquavia, the Papal Legate, who took him to Borne. But the high spirited yonth could not endure the inglorious ease of the Cardinal's ser vice ; so he left it to enlist in the sea war against the Turks. Now the adven tures of his romantic life commence in earnest He fought bravely at Lepanto. Three times he was wounded, and his left hand was crippled. Going home for promotion, our hero was loaded with praise and kind letters from the generous Don Juan, of Austria. Those were happy days for Cervantes. Youth, hope, and valor were his com panions. The haven of honor glittered before his raptured sight But, most unfortunately, he and his brother were captured by the Moors. Five wretched years he spent in slavery, never for an instant submitting to his fate. A dozen desperate attempts he headed at flight and insurrection ; and doubtless the Moors would have killed him had they not thought that a man who bore letters from a prince would one day bring a good ransom. Bat the cold-hearted tyrant whon Cervantes had so gallantly served paid no heed to the pleadings of his comrades, and refused to do any thing for his redemption. So his poor father, Don Roderick, sold his estate, and his sisters gave np their dowry, to buy the freedom of their captive brothers. Still young enough to be light-hearted and fond of glory, the brothers soon joined the army agoiu, and served in the war against Portugal. The elder brother made his way up and got some little promotion, hut Miguel, who was gay and handsome, married, left the army, and so gave up all hopes of entering the haven of honor in that direction. By writing verses and plays he now earned a meagre living, bnt kept his accounts badly, was too honest to steal, so fell into jail, and every year grew "poorer, and wittier, and better. In his old age, while his heart was the "dreadful abode of care," this remarkable man commenced "Don Quixote," a book which has kept the orld laughing even until now. The first part of "Don Qaixote" was published in 1005. In lfiOC, being then nearly sixty years old, Cervantes went to Madrid. Although now so old, and although oppressed by neglect and poverty, his cheerful spirit would not be crushed down, bnt bore all misfor tunes ".s bravely as in his youthful campaigning days, feeling sure that the light of true merit would glimmer through even the rents and crannies of poverty. In 1610 the Lord of Lenos granted him a small pension, which he received with a gratitude more generous than the gift It is said that only kind words to disgaised princes were ever so magnificently rewarded as this yonng noble's pension to the old genius. From this time forth he dedicated all his works to the Lord of Lenos, and they form "a garland more brilliant and enduring than the crown of Spain." .Like many an artist, he nas leu us his portrait painted by himself, and it is a pleasant one to study. "He whom yon see there with the aquilline face, chestnut hair, a smooth and open brow, merry eyes, a nose curved but well pro portioned, a beard of silver which twenty years ago was of gold ; this is the face of the author of "Don Quixote de la Mancha," and other works which are straying about without the name of the owner; he is commonly called Cervantes had now reached an ad vanced age. In some respects he was a disappointed man, and having enjoyed so little happiness in this life he began to work earnestly to secure the perfect peace and joy of a better world. In the year 1613 he retired from society for devotion. His only child, Isabel de Saavedra, had entered the Convent of the Trinitarian nuns, and it is related as a touching fact that although in the last four years of his life extreme poverty compelled him to move through no less than six streets, they were an wimin a small half circle, whose centre was the cell of his child. He fluttered about the little Convent like a gaunt old eagle about the cage which guards its callow young. Feeling the terrible hand of disease upon b'", he grew no less merry or cheerful, but wrote on faster than ever, to make np for the lost years of his yonth. While his heart was breaking in death, he finished, with gay, spark ling merriment the adventures of "Don Qaixote," and gave the last touches to his long cherished "Persiles." "With one foot in the stirrup," this brave, noble man wrote a farewell full of touching gratitude to the Viceroy of Naples, and on the 23d of April, 1616, Cervantes and Shakespeare, the two greatest spirits of the age, went over the river of death together. Although Cervantes in his yonth "had poured out his blood and dragged the chains of captivity for his country," and in bis age had accomplished a work which is now the glory of Castile, yet in life, this greatest of Spaniards was neglected and' despised, and in death lain in the grave of a pauper. His only mourner was a sobbing nun, who was known to the world as Isabel de Saave dra. When the whole civilized world rang with the praises of "Don Quixote," Spain began to be proud of Cervantes' genius, and erected a fine bronze statue to his memory ia the Piazza of the Cortes. He always loved to look back upon the happy campaigning days of his youth, and it would have gladdened his cheerless age could he have dreamed that he would one day stand in bronze, as he may now stand for centuries, "in the unchanging bloom of manhood, with the cloak and sword of a soldier and a gentleman," bathing his noble brow forever in the rosy light of morn ing, and in the rich splendor of evening; a glory which Castilian skies might well shed npon Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, who wrote, the Spaniards often say, "the only book they have." Show Yoa Have a Heart. In this dull world we cheat ourselves and one another of innocent pleasures by the score, through very carelessness and apathy ; courted day after day by happy memories, we rudely brush them off with this indiscriminating besom, the stern material present ; invited to help in rendering joyful many a patient heart, we neglect the little word that might have done it, and continnally defraud creation of its share of kind ness from us. The child is made mer rier by yonr interest in its toy : tha old domestic flattered by our seeing him look so well ; the poor better helped by your blessing than your penny (though give the penny too) ; the laborer cheered on his toil by a timely word of E raise ; the humble friend encouraged y your frankness ; equals made to love you by the expression of yonr love; and superiors gratified by attention and re spect, and looking out to benefit the kindly how many pleasures here for one hand to gather ; how many bless ings fur any heart to give I Instead of these, what have we rife about the world ? frigid compliment for warmth is vulgar ; reserve of tongue for it's folly to be talkative ; composure never at fault for feelings are dangerous things ; gravity for that looks wise ; coolness for other men are cold ; sel fishness for every one is struggling for his own. This is ail false, all bad ; the slavery chain of custom, riveted by the foolishness of fashion ; because there is ever a band of men and women who have nothing to recommend them but externals their looks are their dresses, their ranks are their wealth and in order to exalt the honor of these they agree to set a compact seal of silence in the heart and on the mind lest the flood of humbler men's affec tions, or of wise men's intelligence, should pale their tinsel-praise ; and the warm and the wise too softly acquiesce ia this injury done to heartiness, shamed by the effrontery of cold, calm fools, and the shallow dignity of an empty presence. Tarn tha table on them, ye truer gentry, truer nobility, truer royalty of the heart and of the mind ; speak freely, love warmly, laugh cheerfully, explain frankly, exhort zealously, admire liberally, advise earn estly be not ashamed to show you have a heart ; and if some cold-blooded simpleton greets your social efforts with a sneer, repay him (for you can well afford a richer gift than his whale treasury possesses) with a kind, good humored smile. Child Life Among in Mliaker. The I'ittslUld (Mass.) "Eugle' says that children placed with the Shakers at Lebanon arc indentured to Benjamin (Jates, r miiiiij authority, until tlicy "become of aV he atrreeing in the paH-rs to provide tlicin food, clothing, At. They are then placed in the "children's order," under the churjre of a sister designated to rare for them, and she commences at once to instill into their mimls titc jjlm icsof the creed. In their management not a blow is struck. Helractory ones are punished by Ix'inir laid Hat upon the floor, fact down. When they have Ix-en kept thus prostrate for a length of time, they are taken up and "talked to," the enormity of their ottensca pointed out, anil are exhorted to In-have better in the future. Those from eiht to a dozen years of a-e "jro to confession-' every Saturday, and "own up"7 (or are supposed to) to the little sins of the week that have escaped the notice of their guardians. And as they receive s-cial approval after an apparently very full confession, they early learn to roigure up quite enormous stories, knowing that they "gull" their confessors into a deeper belief in their penitence. "Now dou't yon feel ltctter after confessing all that !"' aks the ancient virgin who ha heard the story. "Yea, yea," savs the little miss, and tipping a wink to her companion she walks out as sedately as a spinster of seventy. Another method of punishment is to put the youngster into a large sack, tying it lijthtly ronnd the neck. Should the child refuse to get into the bag it is drawn over the refractory one, and then, head, feet, and all enveloped, he or she is left to repent of the offensive disoledience. The children are sent to school fonr months each year the lKys in the Winter and the puis in the Summer. Co-ed neat ion hasn't the slightest support there. The girls and boys must not converse together. If tlu-r hnnnen to meet, and if a roguish youngster is bold enough to break the silence with some preuy niaioeu, me maiden must lte deaf and dumb to him. "Isn't there some 1mv here that you are just a little fonder of than the others V is a standing question in the confessional. The reply always is "nav," ami the blind old goodivs be lieve it!" Fa-Hhion In Nature and Art. But what is fashion? It is simply the common way of doing things. Things must be done. We all agree to that The human animal was not sent furred or hairy into the world. It must dress itself. In this climate it must dress itself a good deal. The bear and the beaver have no opportunity of set ting or following the fashions. They go in a foreordained groove. The duck's neck and the peacock's tail are wonderful specimens oi splendor in attire, but neither duck nor peacock has any hand in the matter. To man alone is given the high art of using taste, judgment and genius in his clothes. And high art it is. in spite of all our denunciations. Man and his Maker are the formers of all the fashions of the world. Man devises his own dress. The Creator devises the dress of all the beasts of the field, the birds of the air, tho fish of the sea. If we are to be taught by example, there need be inherently no limit to variety and pplendor of costume. So far as usefulness is concerned, ail tne Diras might just as well be gray. Does a fish taste any better because his scales shimmer like opal in the sunshine? Man may waste himself on invention, but he can never hope to surpass the splendor of the beetle and the butter fly. Why is the cut of a coat, the tint of a gown, unworthy of the human miud, when the Creator has so clothed the grass of the field which to-day is and to-morrow is east into the oven ? A woman trims her hat, but God made the feather. Truth is impossible to be soiled by any outward touch as the sunbeam. Milton. Parity of life. I believe the world owes it to boys, as well as to girls, that they shall be Drought up to manhood with clean minds ; this condition is much more ne cessary than clean faces, hands, and clothing, although the latter would nat urally be associated with the former condition. Parity in the training of boys does not make girls oi them. They do not grow unmanly, as is too commonly be lieved, by being taught modesty. Lately it was my pleasure to remain a short time in a family in which there were four or five well brought np boys and young men. They were a Btalwart, handsome, manly set, with a self-respect and modesty that gave them a certain dignity, young as they were ; but they had a live mother, though only a plain, unlearned woman. They were obedient, aflectionate, and respectful to her. She had made every effort to educate them ; to arouse their ambition and industry, and had succeeded well, but especially was she anxious about their morals. I believe this article was suggested by observing in her homely but excellent face her motherly solici tude when they were likely to be ex posed to evil companions. Among farmers, society does not re solve itself into castes, but at their so cial gatherings or ''dances," as they are called, the lowest characters, even in point of morals, may mingle with the best I repeat, one could see the strug gle in this mother's-fxee between marr ing the pleasure of her brood and see ing them among evil associates. Her boys understood it, too, and sometimes would say' "Mother, I don't care at all about going, I am going to stay at home," They were entirely trustwor thy abroad, as the following incident will prove : A neighlor's son came one day to visit them. The mother's coun tenance darkened as she saw him ap proach. She said to me afterward. "I imagine my boys will learn more vile ness from that fellow in an hour than they would in a year out of his com pany ; he's had no training.' " At the school which these yonng men atten ded, I noticed them when together ; though they were companionable, so cial, and pleasant with this neighbor, one could see the good mother's influ ence reaching ont from home. There seemed no cordial interchange of com modities of a low nature, but they un conscioubly refined their neighbor, and imparted to him great self-respect Phrenological Journal for Ot:tob;r. QaiekHllver. Mercury is the only metal known to science which is fluid at ordinary tem peratures. Mercury was well known to the an cients, who, however, seem to have had strange ideas regarding it They thought it was silver in some peculiar allotropic state. The name .4 rgentum Vimm," by which they knew it, lead to the modern name "Quicksilver." The symbol used by the chemists of the present day to represent mercury is "Hg," from the Latin name "Hydrar gyrum" literary, "Silver-water." Pliny writes that the Greeks obtained vermilion, which is the sulphuret of mercury, from the Almaden mines in Spain, "700 years before the birth of Christ It was known as "Minium," a name now applied to oxide of lead. It was fonnd as a scarlet sand in the beds of rivers. Ten thousand pounds were sent to Borne annually, under seal, where it was manufactured into ver milion. Four centuries before Pliny's time this metal is mentioned by Aristotle and Theophrastes, under the name of "fluid silver." Vitruvius describes a method of fire gilding copper and silver by its aid, much as the same process is conducted at the present day. The word vermilion is of quite a re cent origin, being taken from the French word "vermeil," from "vermi culum," a name applied in the Middle Ages to Kcrm, which is the Arabic name for an insect from which a red dye was obtained. The literal transla- j tion oi AcrM is a "little worm, nence the name "vermiculum" and "ver milion." 0Maed lo Patents. A strong opposition has gained head of late in England against the patent laws, and has been strengthened by the support of Sir Boundell Palmer, who, it may be said, had he consulted his private interests, would certainly have been among the first to uphold a sys tem productive of such immense pecu niary benefits to the law practitioners. He seconded Mr. Macfie'smotion,made in May, 1868, for the abolition of pat ents, and in his speech propounded the doctrine that invention and discovery were essentially nnlike literary produc tion. Copyright he held, applied to a creation. A man wrote a book: he thns brought into existence something which had no existence in the nature of things before. The rest of the world were not in the race with him to write that par ticular book. But in the case of inven tions and discoveries, the facts with which they were concerned lay in na tnre itself. All bad a right of access to the knowledge of natural laws, and all engaged in snch pursuits were actually upon the track which led te discovery and invention. He cculd not allow that the man who happened to be the first in the race of discovery could claim for fourteen, or any other term of years, an exclusive property in a portion of the common stock of knowledge which was accessible to all who had the means of discovering it What are termed secondary patents Sir Bxfundell condemned as unmitigated evils, and said that they exceeded in number E stents of importance, in the ratio of a undred to one. Phrenological Jour naL Take Time lo Ret. Most men and women must keep in the traces and keep pulling.the year round. All the more, therefore, is it their duty to take things easier as the hot weather comes on. Take longer rests at noon. Put on less steam when you art at work. Snatch a Sunday now and then from the middle of the week. Yon can't ? Yon can. People find time to be sick and die. They can just as easily find time to rest and keep welL Every thing does not depend on finishing that dress or fencing that field : or "putting up" so much fruit or catching so many customers. Better that the children should wear old clothes than that their mother should be laid aside by a fever. Better that the corn crop be a little lighter than that there be no one to harvest it Let as have shorter ser mons and fewer of them on Sunday ; longer recesses for the children at school on week days. Put np the store shutters earlier at night ; - prepare plainer meals in the kitchen. Take a noon-daynap yourself, and give yonr employers a chance to go fishingof an afternoon now and then. That only is duty which the Lord lays npon ns and he is not so hard a master as we some times suppose. "Voittlis Column. Kiad lo Everylaiag. 8.fll. nr.rCy. Ilttl nltrr. TU(ti Home ually )iuuh1 vtnn ; BmtrrRif nl DKittiA, n-niemtivr. An ucll very teaUer UuiiK. Mnftir. ftry, mil tab-v. Twirl your umber hal twur : Little hatia tnay hanu a iw-lhiur TboUi(tittaly, wt-u. a buc. Oently stroke the pnrrinK piwey, kiuitly at the frieudly (; Lei yrmr umiik l.-Ii!ii( mercy. veu tre the ud ur f rvK. Wide i Ood' treat world around yotl ; lrt the hamil' w creature live ; Do uot mar their brief eujoynieut. Take nut w!,at yu cannot give. Let T""r heart be warm and t-nil- r h'-r the tunte and helpte-a pleaj : lmil!i( leatli U, prompt reilevli.K. Kiuaty tuouxhl lo klutlly deed. Tub Seven Wosdeks of thr World. 1. The Colossus at Rhodes, 121 feet in height, built by Chares, a. d. ZjS, occupying twenty years in making. It stood across the harbor at Iihodes sixty-six years, and was then thrown down by an earthquake. It was then bought by a Jew from the Saracens, who loaded U00 camels with the brass. 2. The pyramids of Earypt The largest one engaged .HW.OOO" workmen. was fifty years in building, and has now stood at least 3,000 years. 6. lue aqueducts of Koine, con structed by Appius Claudius, the Censor. 4. Labyrinths of Palaietichns, en the banks of the Nile, containing within one enclosure 1.I1K1 houses and twelve royal palaces, all covered with marble and having only one entrance. The building was said to contain 3.0IN) chambers and a hall bnilt of marble, adorned with statnes of the gods. 5. Ihe 1 haros of Alexandria, a tower of Ptolemy Philadelphus, in the year liZ.m. a. it was built as a lighthouse. and contained many maguificent galle ries of marble a large lantern at the top, the light of which was seen nearly one hundred miles off. Mirrors of enormous size were fixed around the galleries, reflecting everything on the sea. A common tower is now erected in the same place. 6. The tower of Babylon, built by the order of Semiramus or Nebuchadnezzar and finished in one year by 200,U0 men. They were of immense thickness. 7. The temple of Diana at Ephesus, completed in the reign of Servius, the Bixth king of Kome. It was 4.j0 feet long, 200 broad, and was supported by 121 marble pillars. Leap Photographs. A pretty amuse ment, especially for those who con template the study of botany, is the taking of leaf photographs. One very simple process is, at any druggist's get five cents worth of bichromate of pot ash. Put this into a two ounce bottle of soda water. When the solution has become saturated that is, the water has dissolved as mneh as it will pour off some of the clear liquid into a shal low dish ; on this float a piece of ordi nary writing paper till it is thoroughly and evenly moistened. Let it become nearly dry in the dark. It should be a bright yellow. On this put the leaf, under it a piece of soft black cloth and several pieces of newspaper. Put this between two pieces of glass (all the pieces should be ot the same size) and with spring clothes pins fasten them all together. Expose to a bright sun, placing the leaf so that the rays will fall on it as nearly as possible. In a few minutes it will begin to turn brown but it requires from a half an hour to several hours to produce a good print When it has become dark enongh to take it from the frame and put it in clear water, which must be changed every few minutes till the yellow part becomes perfectly white. 'Sometimes the venation of the leaves will be quite distinct By following these directions it is scarcely possible to fail, and a little practice will make perfect The photographs, if well .taken, are very pretty as well as interesting. Vanilla. Little is generally known alont this plant except that its long slender pods are used to flavor cakes and liquors. It is an orchid that grows wild in tropical America, wlier it will climb along for hnndreds of feet, so long as it finds a snpport. The flow ers are clustered together fifteen or twenty at a time, and are greenish white ; the pistil of each is protected by a membrane, which prevents the pollen from penetrating inside, unless some insect or other accidental agent happens to tear it open, a circumstance which renders it somewhat difficult to get pods without artificial means, con sisting in tearing open the membrane with a needle auJ bringing the authera close to the stigma. By this patient operation the plant soon becomes laden with the covered pods ; these are green at first, they theu become yellow, and lastly chocolate-colored when ripe. The seeds tuvy contain are innumerable, but most frequently barren in cultivated vanilla, which is therefore best propa gated by cnttings, a method rendered peculiarly easy by the circumstance that the plant produces a vast number of atrial radicles or shoots. Two species of vanilla are grown on the Island of La Ilennion, whither they were im ported from America some twenty years ago. A osxtlexas was walking with his little boy at the close of the day, and in passing the cottage of a German laborer the boy's attention was attracted to a dog. It was not a King Charles, nor a black and tan, bnt a common cur. Still, the boy took a fancy to him, and wanted 'pa' to buy him. Just then the owner of the dog came home from his labors and was met by the dog with every demonstration of dog joy. The gentleman said to tha owner : 'My little boy has taken a fancy to your dog and I will buy him. What do yon ask for him ?' 'I can't sell dat dog I' said the German. 'Look here, said the gentleman, that is a poor dog any way, but as my boy wants him I will give yoa five dollars for him. 'Yaas, says the German, 'I knows he is a werry poor dog, and he ain't wort almost nottin, bnt dere ish von Ieetle ding mit dat dog vot I can't sell. I can't sell the vag of his tail ven I comes home at night' - A Morss that had lived all his life in a chest says the fable, chanced one day to creep np to the edge, and, peeping out exclaimed with wonder "I did not think the world was so large." The first step to knowledge is, to know that we are ignorant It is a great point to know onr place ; for want of this, a man in private life, instead of attending to the affairs in his "chest" is ever peep ing out and then he becomes a philoso pher I he must then knew every thing, and presumptuously pry into the deep and secret councils of God not con sidering that man is finite, and has no faculties to comprehend and judge of the great schemes of things. We can form no ether idea of the dispensations of God, nor can have any knowledge of spiritual thing, except what God has taught na in His word, and, where He stops, we must atop. CiciU y ariuttes. In Paris they call gray hair "a little dust from the road of life." Unless a tree has borne blossoms in spring, you will vainly look for fruit on it, in autumn. A farmer, while flagellating two of his unruly boys, was asked what he was doing. "Threehiug wild oats 1" was the reply. Boston Pott : Exclamation of a man at a spiritual meeting: "O ! for the touch of a vanished hand aud the sound" of a voice that is still. " "Yon are writing my bill on very rough paper," said a client to his at torney. "Never mind," said the lawyer, "it has to be filed before it comes into court" To look at a lady through an opera glass is an inexcusable all rout, unless she is a professional celebrity and places herself purposely on exhibition, when the closest scrutiny is allowable. The organization of a ladies' luncheon club is on the tapis at Boston. It will be a place where women can procure a cup of coffee, oysters, sandwiches, and the like at a reasonable rate, and where they can meet for a pleasant chat for an hour or two. Ignorance is a grand, good thing, and ought to be taught in the seminaries. "I don't know" covers np more sins than charity, and saves more trouble every day of the week twenty times over than all the learning of all the school men of antiquity. A wealthy Pittsbnrg merchant is re ported as having said : "I always feel happy when I am advertising, for then I know, that waking or sleeping, I have a strong, though silent orator working for me ; one who never tires, never sleeps, never makes mistakes and who ia certain to enter the households from which, if at all, my trade must come." A standing antidote for poisou by oak, ivy, etc., is to take a handful of quick-lime, dissolve it in water, let it stand half an hour, then paint the poisoned parts with it. Three or four applications will never fail to cure the most aggravated case. Poison from bees, hornets, spider bites, Ac, is in stantly arrested by the application of equal parts of common salt and bi carbonate of soda, well rubbed in on the plaoe bitten or stung. Animals are not slaughtered scienti fically in Paris and Vienna. The in strument used is simply a very conve-" nient form of ax, with a hollow cylin der (like a gun-wad pnnch)abont six inches long and one inch in diameter, with its edge ground sharp on the end opposite the blade. A single blow with this end cuts a round hole in the fore head, and produces instant death. Un der the old method it required ten or more blows to produce death. There are 723,000,000 gallons of beer consumed annually in England. In Germany the number of gallons is 1 (, 000,000 of beer and 121.500.0(H) of wiue. Frenchmen drink every year 51,800,000 gallons of beer and 600,000,000 of wine. In the United States the annual eon sumption of beer is 507,000,000 gallons, 22,000,000 of wine, and 7:1,000,000 of distilled spirits. The value of all this liquor represents 2,000, 000, and the amount of capital invested in its pro duction amounts to $2,000,000,000. One of the French papers relates that a traveller, who paid a visit of curiosity to the chapel of Lonrdes, found among the ex ro(t there displayed one com posed of a pair of marshal's epaulettes, and of a great number of stars, crosses, broad ribbons ami other decorations. It is M. Bazainn who made this offering to the Virgin of Lonrdes ; bnt whether the mark of gratitude was intended to apply to the commutation of his sen tence of death, or to his snoceeses in the late war, or to his recent fortunate escape, has not yet been ascertained. In addition to the fact that ice ia lighter than water, there is another cu rious thing abont it which many per sons do not perha. know namely, its purity. A lnmp of ice melted will be come distilled water. Witter in freez ing turns out of it all that is not water salt, air, coloring matter, and all im purities. Frozen sea water makes fresh water ice. If yon freeze a basin of indigo water, it will make ice as clear and as white as that niade of pure rain water. When the cold is very sud den, these foreign matters have no time to escape, either by rising or sinking, and are thus entangled with the ice, but do not make any part of it Two plants have recently been found possessed of nsefnl medicinal quali ties. One is a plant of Brazil, named Jalorandi. It has a sudorific virtue unequalled by any medicament hitherto known. It is very suitable for those maladies which are treated by cntane ons exhalations, snch as rheumatism, sciatica, chills, and virulent diseases like smallpox and measles. The second plant is tuberous Ailautus, which is capable of checking stubborn iliarrha, and especially dysentery. It is the bark of the root which has this virtue in highest degree. This is bruised in a mortar, witli a little hot water, and, after sifting, the extract is administered in tecnpoonfnls. St Petersburg, the capital of Russia, is the haven of children who have a Fro penalty for making mud sand pies, n many of the small parks of that city there are, here and there, large open spaces covered with gravel. Every morning in each of these spaces may be seen a large pile of sand, cone shaped, about four feet high and six feet in diameter at the base. After breakfast all the children, equipped with little hatchets, spades, and wagons, repair to these cones and employ themselves in digging down and scattering the material, according to their fancy, over the gravel spaces. Next morning the cones are ready for another assault The city government provides the sand and has it piled into cones each night The manufacture of illuminating gas from water has not been heard much of lately, but now has come an English in ventor who makes an illuminating gaa from sewage water, forty-seven feet of gas being obtained from one quart of sewage water. One foot of sewage gaa gives as much light as three feet of eal gas, and the flame is clearer, purer, more healthful, and cheaper. The process consist in passing the liquid through two heated retorts, then through an iron cylinder called the hydraulic main, which is above the furnace, then through another heated retort, and next through a coil of metal piping immersed in cold water. Afterwards the process is the same as in making coal gas. Recent investigations have raised grave doubts as to the propriety ef using sewage as manure, the vegetables raised by its means proving to be nnhealthfoL If we can light onr streets and houses with the contents of the sewers the great problem of what to do with the sewage of great cities is in a fair way to be sowed. But it will not do to be too sanguine. 1
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers