VOLUME 3. The Surgeon's Story. A TRUE INCIDENT OF THE WAR. "Th« only time," said the surgeon, ••'that I ever saw prisoners roughly han dled was at Winchester." The ladiee united in asking him to re late the incident. "We made regular trips," he continu ed, "once or twice a week from Harper's Ferry to Winchester. We did not mean to garrison it but to prevent the rebels .from holding it. At the time I was speak ing of we had orders to enter Wiuches vter, and push as far as we could safely go "beyond it, to find out whether the enemy had any forces in the neighborhood. "We reached the rebel town in the evening. "The General ordered us to rest for the night—until he could get the reports of spies, and of one or two scouting par tics that he had sent into the country. "»\ c dismounted. The officers told us to make ourselves at homo. The boys searched all the stables and barns in the town for forage, a.id others weut out iu squads to the neighboring farms. "As soon as they got their horses fed they entered aaylionse they pleased and took up free quarters in it. "As a squad of three of our men were about to enter a barn in the "outskirts of the town, three rebel soldiers suddenly jumped up from among the bay and let blaze at them. One of our men was badly wounded, but not fatally. Ili* two comrades ran for help. They soon ro turned, I tell you, with as uia I a set of fellows as you could have mustered in Virginia They hunted the barn high and low, every nook and corner, up loft •fid down cellar, but not a trace of the rebels could they find. "We knew 'bey hadn't got out of our lines ; for our pickets uere too (strong for that. "There were some houses near by and we searched them. Hut we had the same luck—not a trace of tho rebels ! " 'Well, boys, we must give it up,' said Torn llynder; 'but I'll be hanged if I see how the Johnnies got off.— They hero—somewhere nigh by, too —but they've given us the slip as slick ns grease.' " -Net much they haven't,' shouted Bill Green, a Maryland soldier; 'y u don't find this child leave this till he col jars them doggoued rebs. 1 tell you they're msWc ten rods ol here, tuuie'crcs, and I tell you I'm agwine to get 'em dead or alive. 1 know their tricks, by jolly, aud 1 tell you they're in that house thar some 'cres or other. llillo! Look at that hole ! llow are you, Johnnie ? Fm alter you !' "And with that characteristic speech oft lie ran to the nearest house, which we Lad searched already from top to bottom. The houses there havo no cellars. They are generally raised about three or four j'cct from the ground, and sometimes rest ou a stone foundation which is built nil found; and sometimes again they rest 011 a little piece of masonry at the corners only, while the spaces between them arc banked up with earth. In the baukiug of this house there was an opening that uHee of us had noticed. The Marylan der made for it and squatted on hiskuecs and peeped in. " 'Are they there ?' *re sJj««ted. "He looked up and said nothiug. He was evidently disappointed. •' 'No,' he said at last, after musiug a while, 'oui they're here some'ere, aud Fm agwine to find thetu. Llillo! bub, couic here! Come along with me!' "A little fellow had just come out from the house. lie hung back, but Bill coaxed him into the barn. I went with Jhiui. Bill told the other incu to keep tike women of the house inside, talking to them, so that they might not see him with the boy. " 'Now, bub,' said Bill to the boy, 'do you know that Pm agwine to burn down your honse V "The boy looked scared. ",'Oh, please not, Sir,' he cried ; 'them ifellars ain't thar ; true's death, Sir, they'a not thar' " 'And I'm agwine to bang your dad, bub,' added Bill, without taking any no tice of what the boy bad said; 'Mid, like wise, I'll be obleeged to give yon tbe go!* darnest whaliug you ever beard tell on in all your barn days!' " 'Ob, please don't, Sir !' cried tbe lit tle fellow again—be was thi./mighly frightened now—'the solgers ain't thar.' ' " 'How do you kuow V asked Bill. "'I knows they ain't,' replied the boy. "Bill seised hiui by tbe collar and spoke fiercely. . " 'Now, boy, I'll bang you and your 4lad, and burn down your jtopee in ten AMERICAN CITIZEN. minutes, if you don't tell me whar thein fellers is hid I' " 'Oh, please, Sir, I'm afraid,' said the boy. " 'Don't be afeetd,' Mill told him— 'thry sha'n't harm you; nobody sha'n't harm you but me; and, by hockey, I'll pull your gizzard out and hang you doub le quick if you don't out and tell right off whar they're hid !' "The boy was now completely cowed. "'Well, Sir,' he said, 'they'* bid un der our house. They's dug a hole in the ground right below the middle of the par lor. You can't see it when you look in that hole in tLe bankin', bekase they tot ted all the dirt away, and you see it'etoo dark to notice the other hole thataway.' " 'All right, bub,' said Hill, 'you'll be a man before your mother if you keep your cye. peeled ! Wc won't hurt you.' " 'Oh, please, Sir,' cried the boy, 'dou't burn down our house; we'a Union folks' " 'ln what direction ?' asked Bill, with a grin. "'I don't know nothin* about ary di dircction,' said the boy, with a puzzled look. " 'Oh you don't ?' continued Bill, 'well ye oughter. You oughter say you're Union— ' Over rti« /«/(, you knm ot tr thtle/L? lie sang. "Bill rushed out, and told one of the soldiers to stand with his revolver cock ed at the hole in the banking, and to shoot down the first man that tried to es cape through it. '•Then lie went into the house and ask ed for.au axe. •' 'Wlmt in tbewsrld do you want with an axa ?' the old woman inquired, with ou ayxious glanc.e at his face. "/I art uie uo questions and I'll tell ye no lies,' said Bill; 'but, unless ye want this house burned over yer head, bring me one in lcG than two-forty.' "The woman saw that Bill was in tio mood to bo trifli'J with aud went and got tliu axe without any more ado. "Hill then turned to the three soldiers who had followed him into the house and told them to draw their aevolvers and be ready to shoot. They did so. "U ithout a word Bill seized the carpet at the edges and tore it up. "The women screamed. "'Lord a messy !' shouted tho old wo man, 'what on airth are je spiling uiy Carpet for? The ole man and all on us is Uuion, and has alters bin 1' " 'Pou my word and honor,' added one of the daughters, 'there ain't nary rcb hid in our house.' "'We don't know nary thing about ary rcb,' said another young woman. "They all made a fuss and hollered, but Bill took no more notice of them than if they had been a parcel of hogs, lie tore every bit of the carpet from the floor. "As soon as he had doue it he took the axe, and with one blow bloke through the thin floor. " "Bo ready, boys !' he said. "The women were crying aud screaming and talking Union all the time. "One or two blows made quite a large opeuing, aud with a single jerk Bill tore up the flooring. "What do you suppose we saw? "There lay the three rebs, dressed in ditty homo-spun, huddled together at tho bottom of a wide hole that they had dug beneath the house. Bill was a powerful fellow. He seiz ed one of the rebels by the nap of the neck, and not only pulled him out, but pitched him to the further corner of the room. Ono of our boys instantly cover ed him with his pistol. '■Without waiting to rest. Bill served the two others in the tame way. "You ought to have seeu him as he turned to the wouefl : " Well, old .Sixpence, you're Union, you ai ? an' the ole UIUD ? and alien hex bin? And yt* never seeu u>j reb, you never did, Mi*s Brass? Nor you Luther, on your word and bouor, Miss Secesh V "Tncy hung down their heads, blushad up to the eyes,.aud left the room without a word. "We disarmed the rebels and led them to the Geacral. Bat it was hard work. I never saw men so exasperated. They wanted to lynch these assassins. If our wounded man had died I don't believe the General could hav» held them back. * "Next day we had orders to return to Harper's Ferry. The iferee rebs were lariated to the bows of saddles, and forced to keep up with us all day long on foot. Their shoes were taken from them, and they had 'a hard road to travel, I believe/ that day. That was ail the punishment ever inflicted on thew for attempted assassination of our men. "This," added the Surgeon,, "waa in the days when we wadp jrar on peace j principles, and it not ferry done Let us have Faith that Right makes Might j and in that Faith let us, to the end, dare to do ou. duty as we understand it"—A- Ltwootw. BUTLER. BUTLER COUNTY. PA., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4, 18GG. then to have hanged these wretches. It might have exasperated the Sooth, you know. So, as I said, all we did to them was to force them for one day to keep step to the music of the Union cavalry's hoofe." WIT AHP WIBPOM. —A tender-hearted railway engineer on a certain railroad says he never runs tver a man when li 3 cau help it, because "it musses up the track so." —lt is calculated that the clergy cost the United States twelve millions of dol lars annually ; the oriminalf, forty mil lions; the lawyers, seveuty millions; rum, two hundred million! I —l)r. Gross, the justly celebrated sur geon of Philadelphia, was once danger ously ill. Shortly after his recovery, he met one of his lady patients—they are not always patient ladies—who remarked to him : "Oh Doctor I I rejoice to see that you are out again; had wc lost you, our good people would have died by the dozet I" •'Thank you, madam." replied the affa ble Doctor; "but now, I fear, they will die by the Gruts t" —Our Charlie, being the youngest, considers it his especial privilege togo wherever his mother does and feels that he has been deeply injured if she makes a visit without him Fergctting this, however, I one day called him to me while I was reading the Hible, and said : "Sec here. Charlie, what Solomon says about punishing little boys : 'The rod and reproof bringeth wisdom, but a child left to himself bringeth his mother to shame.' " Overlooking the former part of the verse, and recurring to his own particular grievance immediately, he turned thi ta bles on me by exclaiming : "Well, what does she ever leave him by himself for then ?" A SOLOMON. —It so happened that the good citizens of a Louisiana town elected to the important position of Justice a full set, lager-bcer-shaped Dutchman— just as stupid as he looked. lie spoke French as well as German. On a certaiu occasion two Frenchmen got into a quar rel, and after belaboring each ether pret ty soundly, resolved to settle the matter by a Buit before our friend. "Well, now," said tho Alderman, with all the gravity of a "how will you be tried ? by French Lw or United Stitea law 1" Both being French, agreed to be tried by the laws of Frauce. "Well, now, Henri," said his Honor, "you struck Jonas." "Yes." "Well, now, Jonas, you struck Hen ri." "Yes." "Well, then, you are both guilty, and by French law I lino you both five dol lar? I" The parties paid the fine, and left poor er if not wiser men. —hittle Charlie Warning is a thought ful, soulful boy, who iooks into your fate, out of his great blue and pays such wonderful unaccountable things. Though he is such a little fellow, only eight years old, still he goes to a military shool. One day last summer he stood on his father's balcony at Amsterdam, looking at the rainbow, and wondering what it was.— l'resently he weut into tho library and said to his father : "Papa, what is the rainbow ?" "I can not tell you now, Char! e," said the father. "I am reading " But Charlie still stood,looking ery dis appointed, and presently his fatbrr said : "At some future time, when ou -will understand it, I will tell you all about it!" So he walked away, looking iroabled and thoughtful, and took his stand again where he could see the beautiful bow, now fading away in the evening sky.— Suddenly a gleam of light came across his face, as if some angel were whisper ing to fain, and he ran into the parlor and said : "Papa ! I've found out about the rain bow ; 'tis the angels out on dress parade"' The angels on dreas parade 1 Who but a little innocent child would ever have dreamed of any th.ng so sweet and beau tiful 112 Why will we over forget the pres ence of the angels ? WTiy ever forget the presence of the great God, Father of angels and of men ? —An editor and his wife were walking out in the bright moonlight one evening. Like all editors' wives, she was of an exceedingly poetic nature, au<| s*id to her mate, "Notice that iuoqu ; how bright, and calm, and beautiful 1" "Couldn't think of notioing it for any leu than the usual rates— a dollar f9d fifty, ceuta for twelve line* J" The Status of the Southern St&tes. There are no questions of political law more important than this at thepresent timr, and none upon which there is more con fusion of ideas, than those which pertain to the civic rights of the States lately in rebellion. What is their political s(alus 112 Are they States at all, or only territories ? If they are not States, when did they cease to exist as such ? If they are States, what are their rights 1 Are they eutitled to elect members ot Congress?— Do they stand upon an equal footing with New York, Ponnsylvadia, and Ohio? If so, why does Congress exclude their rep resentatives eveu for a day ? These are questions which are constant ly and naturally asked. ''Oovernor" Per ry, Mr. Vallandighain, the New York World, and the New York Times find no difficulty in answering them. According to these authorities, the answer to all such questions depends upon the answer to one, namely, Are these States in or out of the Union ? If they are in the Unioni it is confidently asserted that they must needs be entitled to all their ancient rights. If they are out of the Union, then it is said the war 112 r tho Union has failed of its purpose. This fallacious reasoning, transparent as it seems to us, misleads a largo portion of the loyal people, and confusos yet more. Let us cn'ry it to its full extent, and it will be easily i.'cn through. A large part of Louisiana is kept from total submersion by water, only by a long line of dykes. Let us suppose that the whole State was in the like condition.— Let us further suppose that, in order to carry out military operations, it became necessary to break down all these dykes, and to submerge the whole State, BO that it sheuld become permanently uninhabit able. Would the war have bceu necessa rily a failure because Louisiana was des troyed ? True, the war was not underta ken for the purpose of destroying a State, but neither was it undertaken for the preservation of a State. It was not com menced for the purpose of spending three thousand millions of dollars or of sacri ficing five hundred thousand lives.' It Was waged to preserve tho nation, and thi was meant to bo done whether th c lives of individuals or of States should perish or not. So much for tho argu ment from the supposed "failure of tho war." But, in truth, all that is said about States being -'in or out" of the Union is utterly irrelevant to tho argument. * The Territcry of Colorado is i-urely in the Union, notwithstanding it has not bean admitted as a Slato. Does citizen of n territory find any difficulty in obtaining a passport as a citizen of tho United States ? Were not the residents of Lou isiana admitted to all the rights of citi zenship, by treaty, long before they or ganized a State government ? These con siderations dispose also of the argument that the election of Mr. Johnson proves that Tennessee was a State then in exist ence. There is nothing in tho Constitu tion which prevents the election of u cit izen of Nebraska or tho District of Col umbia to tlm Presidency. Nor is therd anything in the faat that Mr. Johnson continued to act as a Senator of the Uni ted States, after his State had become disorganized, which binds Congress now to recognizo the continued existence of that Stato. It was a favorite doctrine of Henry Clay that every member of Cong ress represented the whole nation, and not merely his own particular Stato or dis trict. This doctrine is unquestionably the true one, and has been gradually ac quiesced in by all parlies, though vehem ently denied at first. It follows that no member can bo deprived of his seat (ex cept by regular process of expulsion), even if the entire Stato or district from which he co>ncs should be swallowed up by earthquake or inundation. Much more is he entitled to remain, if ho choos es, after his State has lost its corporate ex. jstence. Coming then to tho conclusion that the controversy is not to be disposed of by one or two phrases, let us consider what are the facts upon which it turns. For the purpose of our present argu ment, we lay aside all considerations founded upon, the belligerent attitude of the South, aud dismiss entirely all ques tion as to the effect of tho Sute rebellion upon State rights. Waiving these, the following facts remain: 1. That Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia. Florida, Alabama. Mis sissippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas elected regular State conventions, wbich, according to the universal law of this country,h d 4 right to make any changes in their framo of government not prohib ited by the Constitution of the United States. 2. That thee* coaveatioos adopted or- dinances declaring that their respective States were 110 longer within the Uuion striking out the words " United States" wherever ihey occurred in their constitu tions and laws, and substituting tho"Cou» federate States" therefor, absolving all State officials from their oaths to support tho Constitution of the United States, and requiring Ihein to take oaths of allegiance to the new State constitutions and to the " Confederate States." 3. That Teunc-ssee jossed similar ordi nances, only by her legislature instead of by a convention.. 4. That all these States repealed the laws pioviding for the electiou os Repre sentatives to thu Congress of the United States. 5. That all tho officials of those States took an oath of allegiance to the "Con federate States," and reuouncrad their al legiance to the United States. 0. That long before thc rebellion ceased, tho official term of every State officer within these States,who had over taken an oath of allegiance to the United States,had expired ; and no one held office ia any ouo of these States, by virtuo of an elec- 1 tion prior to tho ordinances ot secession, except, possibly, a few judicial officers. Now, in the language of Chief Justice Uronson (Indiana v. Worain, G Hill, 33), " that a State is a corporation cannot be doubted." Viewed as a corporation, can there be much question as to the legal effect of such a course of action as we have set forth above ? Setting Tennesseo aside for 'he present, tho other States took every possible means to destroy their corporato existence. What more could they do than they have done ? Acting through the most authorative exponents which they could summon into existeuoe, they declared their fixed determination not te exist any longer as States of this Uuion. They abolished every law of their own which gave them a place in tho Uuion. They vacated every office held as an office of a State in the Union. They destroyed every right which they had to elect representatives to a Congress of tho Union. They left not ono Bhrod of legal and constitutional government in existence. True, they bolieved that they could exist as govcrnmcuts outside of the Union; but they broke down all the bridges behind them, and pciilled all up on tho hazard of their opinion. Tho war has settled that (hey were mistaken upon this point, but it faas not provided any remedy for their voluntary destruction of v thoir own institutions. That act of folly must be repaired by regular constitutional prjces^es. It is null that the Statci did not lose their identity, although they rebelled.— But a" Stato, like any other corporation, may cease to exist, although all its pow ers are assumed, all its property taken, and all its officers continued, by another corporation bearing precisely the same uame. Thus, a number of banks in New York, which wore organized many ycais ago under special charters, reorganized uudcr the general act of 1838, without the slightest change in name, stockhold ers, officers, property, or business. A few years ago the question arose, in an action brought by one of these banks, whether it was one and the same corpo ration throughout. The courts held, without a shadow of doubt, that it was not, and that tho new corporation was as distinct from the old as a son frou> bis father. Just so Virginia, as a State of the Union, is totally' distinct from the Virginia which professed to oxist as an independent or Coufederato State. Nur does the fact that Virginia, as a Confed erate State, never had a legal existence, have the least tendency to prove that the former Virginia did not destroy itself. The case of Tennessee, a3 we have said, differs from that of the other revol ted States iu the fact tw.»t no convention was held therein, liut all legal govern ment was destroyed thero for four years as effectually as in any other State, and, practically, it stand* upon the same foot ing as the rea, cxeept that its constitu tion cau survive tho destruction of ali government under it. In all theso States, then, thero was DO civil government, no cirilJaw, no civil ad. ministration of affairs, for year*. Never theless, it is claimed that, by virtue of gome undefined principle of immortality, the States outlived all the forms of gov ernment and law which are usually sup posed to constitute a State. Can a State continue to exist without a government or any lawful nean* of electing one ? Can it exist after its peo ple hare, in a regular and proper method, declared their will that it shall not exist ? Is there any self-acting power in a State government that keeps it alivo after it has taken every conceivable means to put an end to itself? Were our fore fatherswrong when they dsolved tho right of the peo plo to change, alter, or abolish tho form of government at trill, and enn wa ouly change, and not simply abolish ? Thess are questions which tho suppor ters of the President's policy never dis cuss. But they are practical questions, and the President has himself oonceded a great part of our position upon them. Lie has uniformly assumed that tbera were no legal governments in the rebel States after the passage of their ordinan ces of secession, and that not a single of fice, from governor dowti to pound-keep* er, was legally filled in any of those States when the rebellion ceased, except where Mr. Lfbcolu had re-organized their gov ernments. Tho only difference between our conclusions aud his theory is, that he believes in tho coutinued existence of a State after its entire government has per isheJ, while we hold, with Mr. Henry J. Raymond, that a State ceases to exist when its constitution and j-ovemuient are destroyed. The real points in controversy are, whether the duty of restoring the States is a duty devolving on tho President 1 alone, or upon Congress, voting subject to his veto power (which w.< shall discuss hereafter), and, above all, what, ;s wa pointed out two weeks ago, will be the ef fect upon tho national safety of admit ting the rebel States to their old plaeos now ?— The Nat inn. A Connecticut Story, The following is related as a fast, hav ing actually happened sjnio years sinca in tha State of Connecticut: A man iu rather iodifferout cireumst: n* ces, surrounded by a larg3 family, being entirely out of meat, had recourse to the sbeepfuld of a ueighbor. a wealthy farm er, for relief. The neighbor having a largo lot of sheep, did not perceive that ha had lost any, until one of the finostof tho flock, very largo and fat. was missing —and counting his sheep he found ho had lost several. Uuablo to account for this extraordinary loss, ho resolved a few nights after to watch. About midnight heobservodan uncom mon disturbance ninong tho sheep caused by tho appoaranco of a man in disguise. Curiosity, as well us to obsoira tho cou duot of tho person, so as to find him out, induced him to lay still. In tho flo :k there was a ram, with whom itsoonn, tha man was in tho habit of conversing, as if he had been the owner of tho sheep. " Well, Mr. liain," says tho nocturnal sheep stealer, "1 havo eome to buy anoth er sheep : have you any inoro to sell Upou which ho replied, as in tho penon of tho ram. " ¥es I haro a sheep to soli." Hy this time the uurnor had discovcied him to bo one of his neighbor?. " What will you tako for that largo fat weather?" says the purchaser. "Four Jollsr«," replied Mr. limi. "That is a *ery high prieo," says the man, "but as you are so good as to wait for the pay I think I will take him." " Well Mr. Ham," contiuued the hon est sheep buyer, ''let r&e see how many sheep I have bought of you t" '■ If I am not mistaken," says the ram, "this is the fifth," and then went onto cast up :hc whole, giviog Mr. Ham a po lito invitation to call ou him for pay, and bidding him g.wd night, ho led the sheep homo, while the owner lay laughing at the novelty of the scene, highly gratified and amply paid for the whole. A few nights afterwards, when ho supposed his neighbor was out of inuttoo, ho caught the old ram and tied a littla bag under his neck, and placed a piece of paper between hie horns, on which he wrote: " I havo come f'«r uiy pay." Under this line ho footed np the whole sum of fivo sheep, exactly as his neigh bor had dono, as before related, he then took the ram to hit neighbor's houeo where he tied him near the door and theu went homo. When the ueighbor arose in tbe morn ing, bo was surprised to find a sheep tied to bin ovru door, but it is beyond word* to express bis astonishment when he found out that is was the 013 ram with whom he had been dealing so much in mutton, witb his brand on bis forehead, and the amount of five sheep actually mado oat, as he bad a few days previous in tlio person of a ram. Suffice it to say be obtained the money, and after tying it in- tbe bag, and tearing the paper from bis horn* tot tbe rain at liberty, who immediately ran home, jingling the money, as if priud of haring accomplished the object of £is errand— is the no small gratification of hi* owner. —"Ah, Sam, you're been ia trouble, have you t" "Yes, Jim, yes." Well, cheer up, man ! adversity tries tries us, and shows us our best qualities." "Ab, but adreroity didn't try mo; it waj an old vagabond of a Judge, and bo showed op my worst qualities." NO'AIDKR 17 KICKING AGAINST TIIK S ')U Saturday Ust, a curious exbibitiou of • it constructed" temper waj witnessed oo Pennsylvania Avenue, near the Metropol itan Hotel. A tall and well formed young man, dressed ia "Confodorato gray," was walking along carelessly, evidently a lit tie under the influence of a geufirjus flag, on, or so, when hit eye fell upon a oast. ■to n figure of a negro boy, whioh sin ilea upon the wayfarers on tha Avenuo, and holds up invitingly a ring in whioh to fasten the reins of horses. The recon structed gentleman paused in his prome nadeauJ walked around .be statue, stir veying it for some time with an air of •mused curiosity, which so.-n changed to a look of ineffable sooru. The Southron evidently c <usidered tho statue as typifying nil tffa troubles and woes of tho lite so-ftllcJ Southern COD-* foderaey, his lip curled with suparcilioua hato, and, drawing back his right foot, ho kicked the wolteu image with a concen tration ot spiteful rage that was laugha ble to behold. Ho kicked as though he would have the kick felt by tho entire At rican race, but lie only kicked onee ! The little "nigger" stood unmoved, and held up his ring as grinningly as before, wliili tho "reconstructed" recoiled and limped away with a very wiy face. This hint to his understanding changed his aspeot visibly, and ho wont off a uudder ani a wi'er man. ]Vttshmr/ton paper. South Amerioa. Another ot the South American repnl-, lies, that of Bolivia, has joined tho South American alliance against Spain" Imme diately after crushing the armed opposi* tion to his administration President Mel garcjo (Jun. 80), informol tho Bolivian Minister at Lima of his determination to dofeud, in union with Ohili and Peru, tho common American interests, and on Feb. 24 tho Mioister communicated tho inteu tions of his Government to that of Peru. The ali os which are now joined together _in an offonsivo and defensive alliance rep resent the following territory and popula tion : * > *7>"« k,lm. I. Bolivia 87i,Wd 1,957,0«J0 ( ' hlli 159,000 1,559,000 Evador 2 I'J.OOO 1,040,000 l'«ru 250,000 2,500,000 Total 1,023,000 6,583,000 A* the area of Bpain is ostimatcd at 170,000 wjuaro miles, and tho population at 10 S'JO,OGO, tho united Republics eon taiu about two-fifths of tho population of >paiu but oxceed that poworij territory more than five times, Bolivia, like Kq uador, cannot furnish for tho present my considerable addition to tho allied fleet; but tho formal alliance greatly adds to tho power of resistance thus far displayed Vy Chili, and is a new guarantee for the final success of the republican institutions of South America in their struggle with Kurope. Tho United State.3 of Colombia, which hive a population exceeding that of any of tho Republics above uamod (two mil lion seven hundred and ninety fuur thousand), have preferred not to con clude for tho present a formal al liance, but to content themselves with a strong declaration of s mpathy. Pres ident Murillo, in opening tho Columbian Congress, emphatically expressed this sympathy, but was silent on the subjoot of tho alliance. Iu the Congress, A motion to join tho alliance was made, bat it was voted down. It b thought, how ever, that this resolution may not bo ir revocable, and that tho President elect, who will enter apon his offi<:a in April, may successfully employ his infiuenco for bringing about tbo alliance— N. Y. Tribune. EDCCATIXO GIRLS. —With f«w and in significant exception', girls have been ed_ ucated either to be drudges or toys t&- naath men, or a sort ol angels above him; the highest ideal atmed at osoillating be twsen Clarchen antj Beatrice. The pos sibility that the ideal of womanhood lies neither in thu fair saint or in the fair sin' ner ; that the female type of character is neither better nor worse than the male, but only weaker j that women are meaat neither to be men's guides nor plaything*, but their comrades, their frllows, and their equals, go far as nature puts no bar to that equality, does not teem to havo en tered into the minds of those who liave had the conduct of the education of them. •-"Sow and you shall reap." That' so. We sewed our old tout tho other day and reaped a lot of tares. goeth before o fall." It fro quently gaeth before a waterfall. | —-What part ui a building wonld a proud mau be likely to avoid ? A hw neat
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