LETTER OF J. WILKES BOOTH. from tiiePUlUdoUitUA luquLar. Tho following verbatim copy of a let ter in writing which is the hand-writing ot John Wilkes Booth, the murderer of Pres ident Lincoln, has been furnished us by tho llou- Wni, Millward, United States Marshal of tho Fastern District of I'enna. It wai handed over to that officer by Johu S. Clarke, who is a brother-iu law of Mr. Booth. -Tho history connected with it is somewhat peoujitr. Iu November 136-t. tho paper was deposited with Mr Clarke by Booth, in a sealed envcope, "for safe keeping." Mr. Clarke being ignorant of the contents. In January last Booth cull ed at Mr. Clarke's house. asked for the packago and it was given up to him. It is now supposed that at that time he took out the paper and added to it his sinuiv ture, which appears to lo in a different ink from that used in the body of (he let ter, and also from the language employed ould uot have liecn put to it originally. Afterward he returned thej.ackagc lo Mr. Claike ngain for tale keeping, scaled ivud bcuring the superscription, " J. Wilkes Booth." The inelosurewas preserved by the fam ily without suspicion o! its nature. Alter the afflicting information ol the anamina tion of the President. which came upon ! the family of Mr. Claike with crushing , tbrce, it was considered proper to open the j envelope, 'i here weie found in it the.l'ol- J lowing paper, with some Seveu-Thirty I,'. States onds, and certificates ol shares iu oil companies. Mr. Cl.irke promptly hand ed over the paper to Marshal Miliwavd. in whose custody it now remains. From a perusal of this paper it seems to have been prepared I y Booth as an indication of some desperate act ho had in contem plation ; and from the language used it is ! probable that it was a plot to abduct the President and carry him off to Virginia. If this win meditated, it failed, am! lrotn making a prisoner of the President to his j nssassiiiatiuu was an cats}' step for a man of perverted principles. It also appear.- ' that Booth was one of tho party that was | engaged in the capture and execution of j .John Brown of Ossawattomie, at which ; time he doubtless imbibed from Wise and ■ his associates those detestible sentiments of cruelty which have culuiiuated in an j infamous criuio. Tho letter is as follows: ! MY DEAR SIR : —You may use this a« you think best. But as tome may wish 1 to know tchcn, uho and uAy, and as 1 ! know not how to direct, I give i! (jn the j words of your master) "To WHOM JT .MAY CONCERN Bight or wrong, God judge mc. not man. | For Lo uiy motive good,or bud, ol one tiling I I am sure, the lafting condeii.nation ot the i .North. I love peace more than life. Have j loved the I nion beyond expression. For ! four years have 1 waited, hopod aud pray ed for the dark clouds to break, and tor a ' restoration of our former sunshine. To Wait longer would be a cirinc. All hope for peace is dead. My prayers haveprov- i cd as iiilo as uiy hopes. God's will le j done. Igo to tee aud fchare tho Litter i cud. L have ever lie J the South were lipbt. 'I lie very UulUiUiit:<.u (it Ahr:ih.i.i Lincoln lour years ag i, s]•• ko plainly, war war upon Southern lights ami institutions.— lii> ilection proved it. "AuaUnftj otert act. ies till you aic bound and plund ered. \\ hat lolly ! The S.ju.h was wise. Who thinks ot argument or p itieuee when the lingcrofli;- enemy pusses on the trig ger In a ftrnhjn icur, 1, ton. could s.ty ••country right or wrong." lint, in a rtruggle sui/t us ours (wh.'te the brother tries to pierce the brothers heart.) ibr God's sake, choose the light. When a country like this spurns jinti.ee from her side the forfeits the allegiance of eway honest freeman, and should , leave iiiiu, untrammelcd by any fealty soever, to Bet as his conscience may approve. I'eople 6f the North, to hate tyranny, to love liberty and justice, to strike at wrong and oppression, Was the teaching of our fathers. '1 ho study of our cully history will uot let /tic forget it, and may it never. '1 his country was formed for the white and uot foi the black mi,i. And looking upon Ajriean &lainy from the same stand-point held by the iiobie frauicrs of our Constitution, I, for one have even con sidered it one of the greatest blessings (both tor themselves and us) that (jod ever bestowed upon a favored nation.— \\ ituess heretofore our wealth and power, witness theirelevutiou and enlightcnuieut above their race elsewhere. 1 have lived among it most of my life, and have seen iess harsh treatment from master toman than 1 have behold in the North fnm fa ther to'son, Vet ; Heaven knows, no ait would be willing to do more for the negro lace than I, could I but tee a way to still better their condition. But Lincoln's policy is only preparing {he way for Iheir total annihilation.* The South are not, uor/utue they b'-m 'frjh*ir.'j for the coutiiiuauce of Slavery. The first battle ol Bull liun did away with that idea 'J'hcir cuuseswWc for i car have been us iw ik anil greater far than thou that xirjcd our fathers on. Evm should wo allow they were wronir at the beginning of this eontest, cruelly awl injustice have made the wrong become the right, and they stand note (before the wonder uud admi ration of the world) a uoble bund of pat riotic heroes. Hereafter reading of their deeits, Thermopylae will be fibrgotton. When I aided iu the capture and exe cution of John Brown, (_who viaa a luur dercr on oiir Western bui'der, and who was fairly tra! and convicted .before an impartial jnrv oftreason, and who, by the way, hassitkee been made a god ) 1 was proud of my little share iu the transaction, for I deemed it my duty nud that I was helping our common country to perform an act of instice. But what was a crime in poor John Brown is now considered (by theuiselvu) a* the grca.«st aud only virtue of the whole Republican party.— Strange transmutation! l*i>e :o becofflE. a ft) !ue. dimply bec.iase vierc in !i' ;e i'i *"* JKT' I thought thongs vow, that the Abolbtiunßts were t'w only traitore |in tlt<)«;fc*\nd, apd that the .entire ' party deserved the same fate of poor \ oW jirown, .not because they wish to ] tbolish Slavery, but on account of 1 the means they have endeavored to i Use to effect that abolition. If Brown | were living I doubt whether he him j self would set Slavery against the Liuon. Must or many ; n the North d", and 112 juyilv curse the Union, if the South are to return and retain a single right guaranteed to them by every tie which we once revered as Stcred. The South Can make no eheice. It is either extermination or Slavery for themselves (worse than ' death) to draw from. I know my choice, !I have also studied bard to discover upon what grounds the right of a State te se cede lias been 'on'ed, when our very name United States, and' the Declaration ot i lnde| endeueo, Loth provide for Slifcossion. ; But tbeie is uot time for words. I write in baste. 1 know hov foolish I shall be deemed for undertaking such a step as this, where, t>o the one side. 1 have many friend* and everything to make me happy, where luy profession alone has gained me jan income if more than 820.WU a year, i and where Uiy great personal auibit on ill Imy j roll .stou lias such a great lit;!J lur j labor. On tho other hand, the South j have never bestowed upon hie one kind word ; a place now where 1 have n<)friends except b ticath the sod; a place where I inu. t l ituerhea ji V .tesold c or a beggar. To give up the firmer for the latter, b - sidwuny mother and sisters whom I love so dearly (although they so widely differ with lue in Opinion,) seems insane; but Cod is my judge. L love^i/*/tee more than .1 do a country that disovvns it; more than fame and wealth ; more (Ileaven pardon me it wrong) than a happy home. I have never been on a battle-field ; but Oh, my countrymen, could you all but see tho n - oli'y or effects of this horrid war, as ] have . con them (in every State save Vir ginia,) 1 know you would think like me, i and would pray the Almighty to create j in the Northern mind a sense of right and jviflixc (even should it possess no soasou j ing ol uiereey.) letwoen us which is daily growing wider. Alts ! poor country, is -lie to meet her ever threatened dojni? ; Four years ago, I would have given a ; thousand lives to (tec her remain (a» I had J always knowu ber) powerful aud unbroken j And even now 1 would hold my life as j naught to sec her what she was. Oh uiy j friends if the toarful scenes of the past j four yeaas had never Leon enacted, or if what has been but a fiightftil dream, j from which we cou.d now awake, with what overflowing hearts ould wo bless I our 0m! and pray for his continued favor, I IloW I have loved the uhljlog can never I now Le ki.own. A lew years since and | the entire world could boast of none so | pure and spotlc.-s. But I have of late linen seeing an I hearing of the bloody i (Ac's of which .-lie lias been made the cm i W"«, and would shudder to think how j changed she had grown. Oh, h w I r bans longed to see her break from the mist ol blood and desth that circles round I Wer folds, spoiling b.-r beauty an 1 tarnish- \ in,' lifer h nor. Tut no, day by day she ( i hiss been dragged deeper aud deeper int.. : cruelty aulwii pics.-iou, till m.w (in tnv I 1 eyes-) Let iiiioc bright rod stirpes I mk likc : gohes on thrffaee ol ileaven. ]j 10. k now nj o.'i my early admiration .1 | i her glnties as a dream. Mj love (as tlmigsslnid to da v) is for the South aline. ' i Xot d' Ide mi it a dishon r in fit - ' tempt.ug to make for her a | risolier ot! this man to wlioui she owe s< much ot" j I her nii-eiy. ll success attends me. Igo 1 penniclcss to her side. They' s.\y she lias ! l inn I that "la*t ditch" which the North ! have so long derided, and Leen endeavor- ! ing to force her iu. forgetting they are our brothers, aud that it's impolitic to i goad ail enemy to madness. Miould I icseb her in safety, aud find it true, 1 i will proudly beg permission to triumph or ' i oie in that same "ditch," by her side. I Lt.'nJcJcr&te doing outy nj>ou his own ■ rexpousihiltty. J. WII.KIS BOOTH. Order ot'Slicrumn. 1 ORTRESS MONROE. April 22.—The ' ! f.'luwirtg important order of (Jen. Slier- j j uian was received here thus morning, j Ui.AP«rA!M:RS MILITARY DIVISION OF M LSYISSIITT. I N RRTK FN I.T),L{ALINIU. 1 ■ N. ( ~ April J!l. ]Sii:i.—J*|>eeial oriler 1 j No. 5i ; The General Commanding an i nounees to tho army the suspension of \ i hostilities, and 1111 agreement with Uen'l Johnson and bijrh officials, which, when i I formally ratified, will make peace from ! | the Potomac to the Bio Grande. L util al solute peace is afrrobged, a 1 in~ passing Tyrrcl's Blount, j i Chapel Hill University, Durham's Station j . and West Point on the Ncttsc liver, will ' ! scperate the two armies. Kitfh army cominander will group his 1 camps with u view to oomforj, Ilea It ii and . ; good police. All details of, militryy dis : cipline nidst still be maintained, aud the ' | General hspes and "believes tlrht 5h a very ' few days it will bohitigood fartime-to roti- ' duct you ail ao your homes. 3be fame of this army fur ovurage, industry and dip- j erpline is admitted all over the world.— | Then let ciieh officer and man that it I is uot stained t»y an 'act of vulgarity, row- J dyisui or petty crime. The cavalry will JfttnelAof-ONT of 1 tho line, GOB. \*ill take charge of TLTE district ffpm RHLCIGH ; up to tlic caviilrv, Gjn.! Siocuin to! the left'of Raleigh-, GJFC. Schofield in i 1 Raleigh, its right aud : C'uartvnr.aHters and commissaries j 1 will keep their supplies up to light J I load for wugous, and Railsoad Su perintendents will arrange depots "for ; the convenience of each separate ar ; uiy. By order of Maj. <ien. SHSRMAN. L. M. DAYTO.V, A. A, G. 5 . „ ,» 1 —Secretary Seward and Frederick Sew ard continue to imprors. <The tfitucn. The Largest Circulation oj any Paper in the County, THOMAS ROBINSON. - - Editor", W. W. SPIIAR. Pablbhcf. BUTLER TA. " WEDXESU4Y APR. 30. ISA!! and Union, Now and Forever, On# and 'nseparabl®."—D. Webater. BSTT" " Ail Observer," in tho llcruld of last week, suggests that it was us and others of similar sentiments to which he referred, as being so exceedingly jubilant over the success of our arms, on Monday evening tlie 7th inst. We take this to be a more effort to cover up his track, for unless lie entered our office, or way layed us on our way home, be did not see us that evening. We felt rejoiced, how over, at our success We had no prog nostication of the President' a s is.-'nation not having any connection with tin •' Knights of the Golden Circle," or any other of the numerous disloyal organiza tions that have cursed the country for the last four years, Perhaps " Observer" cannot say so much. Put believing that 110 is tnnv somewhat uneasy about his ill penned article, and not wishing to irritate or disturb the good feeling that now seems to prevail, we do not feel it necessary to follow the subject farther. Johnswirs Policy. For some weeks pa-t there seemed to b a growing conviction that the rebel leaders, even, would be permitted to re turn to their former jillegience without molestation. This seemed to us strange; and although we knew that our late I'res ident was humane and forgiving in his character—almost to a fauir; till wo did not believe it possible that be should c ntcinplate solibeial a policy. Pethis;:sit might. President Johnson has removed all doubts as to Ills views. He l olds that treason is a high Crime, ana as such should suffer the severest penalties id' tho law, in this lie will he sustained by loyal millions. Under his administration de funct rebel leaders will not gravitate to wards WiL-diinutttu ; but will be glad to Le allowed to escape with their lives for some foreign country. i r«ST We liavo always been g!ad to re j eeivo comuiuuicatioas from our friends in j tliu army Tin** me always read with iu j tcn'st by all. Wu have, therefore, hand • ed such publications over to the printer, ( sometime* without much examination We don • so with a communication writ ; icn by -W" of tho I.4th Cavalry, which i appeared in our paper of tho 22d ult.— ft seems to have been considered some what sevoroju its tiiiiei-ms, by some ot | oui Ii .on is in the tfili Heavy Artillery. Two communications since published from . that liegt. have replied to it, and we have one or two luoie on baud, winch retes to ; the same subject, vv''icb wo suppose the writers would not. vyi.-di published, had ; they known of those already forwarded. We will not the retire, publish tin. 111 at pre-cut. We have since examined the | communication ol'" W," there are some ex]iicssions in it which, had we noticed before priutiug, we would have erased, St.ll we dou't believe they were i.iteuded for any thing more than a criticism, with- I out iu ibe leant, rellectiug ou the Otb 11 A. For ourselt we have no favorite ltegi -111 jut D.s.l'j a u i.n'oor of pei-soual | friends scattered all through the anuy, j we uunibef of personal frienus and neighbors iu the 14tli cavalry. lU2d. : and lU3d, losth, and the sth and (ith 11. A., but more in the lattor than aDy other. So far ns we know, they have all done their whole duty. The 14th have ; bad some hard tiinos last fall and : winter. We should, therefore, fee! dis posed to iet them have a little glory over ■ their hard service. So long as it dont in -1 terfere with the true history of other*, i So far us PenuHylVaniatis are concerned, ' all liavo done their »r/(o/c duty, except 1 two regimeuts. The 4tli I'a. turned its back on the battle of Pull Hun. just as that Cicntfiii encounter wasopening. Tho | other, we believe the 4.> th. refused to move forward on tlic enemy while on the . Peninsula. The former was from Mont- J gomcry, and the latter from Perks coun | ties. Now that the hardest of the serv ; ice seems to bo over, let all rejoice and be thankful that soon they will all meet as brethren enee more, surrounded by scenes ol peace and love, to enjoy, through ! life, the fruits of lheir j»int efforts iu be : half of a bleeding eonutry. —Let liirn who tfiinleth ho sfcindeth take Wei lest he fail—iu .other words, it i i is better to h.ok closely after our own iouu- | dation lor faith than to be over-anxious > about other people's uprightness and rnor- : al statues. —There are uow Ul3 National banks in the country. Many Sta.c institutions urc constantly making applications to be included auiguu tk« uuiuber. (OMMIXKITIOVS. For the American Cllii'-li To Teachers. The form of certificate reccutly issued by the School Department, requires the Couuty Superintendent to certify to the pood moral character of those to whom certificates are issued. As the large uumber of those who apply for certificates nui»t tieec«si>rily ho unknown to the Su perintendent, it, wil bo necessary for e u.li applicant to bring a (cjtimouial of geeid moral character from some pernon or persons. Without this no certificate will be granted. It has been reported to me that there are teachers who have expressed them solves in a uiost disloyal manner in refer cticc to the brutal murder of the late | Chief Magistrate of this country. Upon! satisfactory evidence of such conduct, certificates will be witheld, and those un oxpiied will be cancelled. No one who has a heart.to exult over such a fiendish ; act is fit to instruct our youth. A. 11. WATERS. Appeal of Old Ai-iuleiny. I lam aware that however grandly m >r ! alists may write and speak the honors due |to age—if the glory of gray hairs and ripe old age—yet there is a natural incli j nation among all aniiinU—tw i (bote 1 bi ipeds especially—to forget—to shun —to slide away from the old to the young— the vigorous. Well, I nee I'nt—and I'm I not going to—arraign the culprits in this matter. It may. or may not, be all right. I Lint I'm thinking "my m*? calls for some j ri: dress. You know—every body in town knows—and almost every body in this couuty does, or o njhl to kuow, that there is sneh a thing as the "Butter Acad emy." I can't now cite the date of my birth— but suppose it to be nearly coeval with that of the county of Busier itself. That would b?, I guess, about sijfty years. Well, a» DIII is a conventional term—that is, comparative as this. Some things are called so at a certain term, others at a very different and greatly distant term. As, for j instance, butter may bo called old when it is strong, although it may be made but j i a few days. This may not be a very apt j | comparison—and 1 will take another. A 1 j dog may be considered old when from 7 ! to 10 years of age—and so a cat. or a hog, |or a horse. An eagle inly soar 10d years j—so Ornatholigists tell us—and yet be jiu his vigor and prime. You have heard ! of the Phoenix—but I need uot follow | this thought. Ladies, you know, are I generally called '• of a certain age," when ! (he}'are certainly aged. —Well, I want \ou to understand, my kind reader, that I am merely iu all this trying to defend ' myself from this plagues/) >t of old age, I by a process such a-s lawyers us.-, when they have a /turd ca.e to manage—that I is, throw plenty of dirt on the assailing party. Now, I may be old—that is, emnpuru ' t turfy— aud. I may as well admit—my tan- j crnaele looks dingy and wrinkled—tawdry j ! and dirty. Uut am Ito blame? Where 1 are my keepers ? For you must know, sir, tint I have keepers, or whit they call Trustees. Why this i" so, need not u w be dltctlssc 1. Su -U provision wo know is made ill ease* of non compos, or habit ual drunkards.—This, you know, i/ould not apply to my rune. —lint the law m iKcrs have so arranged.—To this I iin not dow I going to bbjeot.—This body gave uie at first a pretty fair dowry—enough to give me a Stone Temple, which then looked very grand, arid no doubt was the wonder and admiration of all beholders —liut that's a g i.nl while ago,—and I sup- J jr.>-« stones grow old as well as geese or men—an I this Stone Temple is uow look ed upon with— well perhaps nit exactly contempt, or even disgust—hut certainly ! with pity, by my people. They know j J —for many of them who are uow old, as we say, drank precious streams of knowl- j ; edge and science at uiy fountain. Many j I a shaft has been polished in the great on- | I gines of my intellectual work shop. They J | look at my battered doors and windows— j at the nice yard, with its old dilapidated J fence. What is now seen in that play j ground ? Are there beautiful shades, 1 aud graveled walks, and green sward to delight the student?—No, sir. Ibeieare I plenty of pigs rooting, and boys frolick- , ing—God Ideas them—(l mean the boys.) Now, dear reader, why is all this? lam going to tell you a secret —and I don't like much to write it. jealousy, you know, j is dire passion —l'm not jealous —not I.i liut just look down North west a little way from my temple'.— Do you see that sleek thing there, with its proud cupalo, like a cock strutting in a barn-yard? That they call Witherspoon." Well, ever) sinoe that tiling rose, I have been very much neglected.— I'ui not jealous—l say 80. Yet. I want to ask'if I have not some rights left—some claims still secuvod ? or j liave they alt''i ecu dished up by tU:s big spoon —ihis Wtlherspoon ? Look at my doffry.—You miy see it every year reported by the (Jaunty Audi- ( tors. You may see it published in the | liutler PtM'fivm, the first paper publish ed in this toWu. Then in the S-iitinel, — | liquid,-A nl'rica !•», Ct tizen—Ju m.—l have money at interest, sir.—l am worth i something and diay challenge favor. What lias ohl Spoony (hat can make him BO'hifughty and proud ? 1 won't saj. he is a beggar,— know he legs.— NJw » I don't de liut. 2 <•no tu*W a (vum. j I'm rich, sir,—and I demand a new dress, j A new, beautiful temple,—such as will j meet li e advanced ta.ste and means of tho people. The people of liutler. and abo of the county of Butler, have a big inter- I est in my welfare. I ask them to speak ' andact.—l don't want to hurtSp"fmjh— but 1 iniist that Spoony shall not out top me, —aud I'm determined he shant. So. yon see, I have some spunk yet, even if 1 am old. Have Ino friends ? Where are the long list of woMhirH that call me their Alma Mater? Shall I, with the worth iea of all ages, have to curse tho ingrati tude of mail ? Will none speak for me ? Well, you see lean speak for myself.—and be assured, if I hold my peace, "the eery lionet leoviit cry out' ,ci tne my " polished ; shafts'' speak out for your old mother, who wants, like ar y other lady, to cast off the old and put on spanker new garments.— The character of Butler is linked with my : I prosperity and regeneration.—You look j for crowds of strangers from the Hast to j explore your hills and valleys, for coal ! and oil.—And jou expect to hear the snort of the Iron Horse on the banks of ! the lovely Connoqtiencssing soon.—Stir ! you up. like men, to meet tho advance of improvement in civilization, science an I nrchitecture. Then thisobtrus vc With ei'spoon need not turn up his nose (spoon) upon Tim Old Acadkmv. Em Ton Oinzi'N— Sir : —At the re quest of a number of friends I am Induced to furnish you a ptir(ial narrative of tev en teen months imprisonment South, for their gratification, mid iu order that our copperhead friends may have a just con ception of the kind of Christianity, hu manity and chivalry that governs their coadjutors. The exchange of prisoners was inter cepted iu August, 1868, in consequence of tho bad faith practiced by the rebels, in relation to (he Yicksbnrg and Port Hudson prisoners, I here being a difference of 2(3,UUU paroles on the books of the j Commissioners. The I!. S. Government j was willing to exchange mail for man, re- j | taining the excess, but to ibis " .Juhiinv" ' | would not agree, as it would curtail bis I opportunities for the practice of rascality. The first development we bad of South | ciii character, was in the overweening desire t:;ey exhibited (o possess our bats, j boots, overcoats, blankets, mi I the fond- j ncss they showed for watches, greenbacks, i and jewelry. They strippc lus of every- ' thing. This, too, in ilie face of winicr. exposure to tho inclemency of tile weath er. and a great scarcity of what they call, cd rations. Ten thousand men weni confine 1 du ring the winter of 1808 on Belle Island. ' with no shelter, no blankets, and about ! one pound of corn bread per day. Those ' who were quartered at Libliy fared a lit tle better as to shelter, but one hundred ; and seventy-five men were confined in olio ! room, having a coiling but eight feet in j height. Wo were not long in learning (o ap- j predate thoso excellent gentlemen, (?) I Gen Winder, Major Turner mid Pick, it was their c iistunt aim to remind it that we, as prisoucrs <»f war. wore wholly | in their power; I hut tlie practice of every insult and indignity was chivalrous, and . that a " Yankee mudsill" deserved and , had no right to expect even as good , treatment as civilized people accord to i dumb bi u'es. Let mo particularize. It is admitted that a prisoner of war has a perfect right to effect his escape by all honorable means. ; but.these gentlemen deemed this one of ■ the foulest crimes. Col Straight was foiled in an attempt to make his escape iu January, lSC4,«nd as a rewaid for his show o( spirit, was I placed in a dungeon, in the truest and I fullest sense.) for twenty-one days, on I bread and water, without any fire, and 1 j think without his bedding ; but Straight j was a vandal and raider, so, of course, ! although a much respected officer iu the ! I '. S. army, it was all right. Lieut. Moran, capturod at Gettysburg, had in his possession a piece of shell, which killed his brother; th & lie wished ( to retain, but, during his search, thegal- I lant Dick (?) discovered it, and took it I from him. Upon his asking for it, Dick uttered an oath, aud struck him rudely iu the face. A Lieut, of an Indiana legimcut was re-captured and taken to Augmta, (iu. ' Here he was stripped of a good f>uit of clothing, and given an old suit of gray. Upon his making a report of it to the Provost Marshal, ho was threatened by | some soldiers front Atkansas, and alter i dark was taken down to tho Tivcr, made 1 walk out i u a spring plank, aud deliber ately shot. An officer of the 46th N. Y. ( Volunteers was shot iu cold blood, whilst standing by the spring, at Mact u, last June. The 2d Lieut, of ■ y cvmpai.j, 1 was shot, while he and I were engaged in couver»atiou, Oct. 2.i, 1604. After Straight's exit their extieuie ; kindness was signally displayed Nino- teen of us were eonfiued iu a loathsome, damp cell, for four days, without evticoals, t blankets or fire. They then instituted a summary way of ridding us of trouble. 1 The sentinel? were instructed to lire on any the windows, 'i'hiee ' » Wounded and one killed, i W*y kit Lit'l>v for Gavryia, 1i | who® the enlisted uieu li<ul preceded us. ! i>ur '"Southern bretbern" here gave in the finest exhibition of humanity we had yet witnessed. | Thirty threo thousand men were con fined on eighteen neres of ground, desti tute of shelter, illy provided with food, with no issue of soap, and no medical at tendance. Hundreds of the poor fellows were shot for the smallest, provocation. 12,000 died during July and August. From thence they were removed to Flor ence, S. G , where 4.000 died ; and some to Salshury, N. C-. where 5,050 died, out of 9,000, since last September. 1 have seen officers and men of our army shot down like dogs—toru to pieces by bloodhounds. Sixty of them crowded into a cattle car, f.ra long journey, du ring hot weather, and numbers with no clothing but at old blanket. 1 have seen them whipped, bucked and gagged, and I thousands ol them utterly deuicuted, who could not tell their own names. Others so weak troui stai ration and sickness that 1 hey were unable to travel. Hundreds of boys, from fifteen to twenty, walking with a cane, bowed down like old men. ! emaciated, filthy, polluted, aui utterly I wretched. j Twenty-two thousand cauic through the i lines, and I venlure to say tine half will j die inside of two months. Fifty fous were buried the day be.ure I '.ei'pAtmap ■olid. Another feature. Last August '•John ny" wanted men. lie was then i riUinj to exchange man for wan, for humanity's sake. Thirty-five thousand fresh men would have done Lee's work. Thh was j sharp practice, but the government could | not afford, at that time, to give well men j for sick. 1 remember this, because 1 un- j derstand disaffected men here claim that the I'. <S. Government in responsible for non-exchange. We havo made this the subject of study and inquiry, and 1 wish to positively contradict all such state ments. In conclusion, considering the genius nf their social system, what better Ireat- I merit could we expect It is all owing to : the abominable institution of slavery. A j planter is very kind to his e(|!i ds uud su ! peri' is, but he has no fooling of charity j or humanity for a poor man or a negro j Providence made him rich, and others poor, wliieh gives him tli3 pover an I I consefpiently the right, to utterly disie ' card their feelings, their rights and priv \ ileges. [t is hard to decide whether the j ; poor man or ncgio deserves in isl ol our I sympathy. j This same spirit carried them out of' J the I'uion, but, thank Uo l, it will bring j them a sound thrashing, knock Hie fetters from the slave, ami give every mm S >uth j equal rights, and opportunities for ae , ((iiiring education and wealth. 1 U.N TON WltlTß. The Hear Creek II:iilroiwl. The act chartering the Bear creek ll.ail \ read Conip iiiv passed at the last session !of ihe legislature. The corporators arc Messrs. Hawlo. Vincent and Douglas, of Frio Griffith, of Mercer, and liredin and : Kerr, of Butler. Hut where and what is Bear Creek ? : many a reader will ask. Bear Creek is a considerable stream, but of no great length, which lisin in the northeast eor ■ tier of Butler county, and discharges its , waters into the Allegheny river, in Arm strong .county, some eight or ten miles ! above the Brady's Bend Iron Works.— | For a mile or two above its month it flows I through a rough and rugged strip of coun j try. which, in by-gmio times, was very likely a favorite resort of bears; but ahov- that the country isrnot at all caleu bated tn excite brunish thoughts. \ foal and iron ore nb >mid on Bear ' creek ; and as early as LSIB a company j erected a large inn fu naee. adapted to j the u-e 112 coke, near the aiou'h of that | stream. Itsmanatrer wasnnKnglish een | tleman named Lewis, who was something \ of an enthusiast, and honed to revolu- ; tionizo the iron business of this country } by the introduction of the use of coke, a i tiling at that time hardly thought of.— j But for sonic reason the enterprise pmv. | ed a failure. The same furnace was af- i terwards contracted and successfully ope- j rated with charcoal, and it may be in op eration yet for aught, we know, l'erhaps Mr. Lewis's fond dream of making iron with coke lias at length been realized on i that spot, as it lias been on a very large ' scale at Brady's Bend. BenrCreek. how ever has very little to do with the rail- 1 road which bears its name, and of which we propose to sick, excent that its cas tc-n term'nns is on its bank, about two miles from the Allegheny river, and the same distance frnm the line of the Ma honing and Franklin Railroad, which is but a continuation of the Allegheny Val ley road. The Bear Creek Railroad is to com mence at a point between a little village on the Pittsburgh and Krie Railr. ad. call ed Sharpchurir, and Greenville, a flourish ing town in the westcn part of Mercer county, near the Ohio S'ate line, where the Atlantic and Great Western Hailroad erodes the Pittsburg and Brie road.— ]'r< ni this point the line runs eas'wardly, directly through ill; heart of Motcet' Co and by the town of Mercer —enters But.. | Icr cenn'y near the northwesst corner,and prv-pes ctil're'y across the northern en I of .tb it county, to the little village of Mar littsburtr on the bank of Bear Creek, as before nicuiioncid from which point some tw i < r ihree miles more of ruad will give it a connection with the Mahoning and Franklin road. Throughout its entire length tne line of this road (which has been carefully surveyed) runs through a valley, or series of valleys—an excellcntugricultuial coun try. and well timbered. But its prime , object is to open up one of the richest and j most •atonsiva #»>»lS«l(l»'ii Wwt»to P»nj»- ' sylvsnin, but which is now entirely ttiin vailuble, because inaccessible. Few peo ple are awaro of the extent and richness ot the coal veins iu that part of (he coun try. especially in the northern part of Butler county. Over an extensive tract of country through which this road pas ses, there are three veins of coal one above another, and all easily accessible—one of three feet, one of five feet, nnd one (112 six f.icl in thickness. It is of excellent (|u»li tv—the same as that found atthe Mrady's Pend Iron orks, which is but a continu ation of the same great field. In addi tion to these veins of bituminous coal, there is a good vein of canel coal. Iron ore and limestone are very abundant all along the line of this read. What gives this coal its great value is the ease and facility with which i» can be transported to Lake Krio, at the city of Erie, where it will meet with an almost boundless demand for shipment to all the Lake cities and to Canada, and to many points where it anil the rich iron ores of bake Superior nnd Chatnplaiii can be brought together. We are inlbrnicd that this company have leased the coal privilege of fifty thousand acres of land, principally in Butler county—a large body iu Mercer county, and a little in Armstrong. Tlio company will be organized immediately,, its management put into energetic hands, the wmk commenced next summer, and t'usbed forward vigorously. The pros -1 eel of rich remuneration is 'no promis ing to allow the enterprise to drag for. want of means. It is ju-«t such enterpr - ises us this that render a country rich and prosperous by developing its great natu ral resources, and drawing forth its hid den treasures. JIoHt important Speech IHntte. WAFIUNOTON, April 22.—Presi dent Johnson's speech to the Indiana | delegation on yesterday was more im | portant than uny lie lias yet deliver j ed. After thanking Gov. Morton j for liis remarks, the President said : —We are living at a time when the public mind has ahn< st become ob livious of what treason is. The time has arrived, 'Jiy countrymen, when the American people sh uld bo edu cated anil taught what is crime, and that treason is the highest crime known to the Constitution. Yes, treason against a State, treason against all lie States, V eason against the Govcrnmi tit of the United States is the highest crime that can be com mitted, and those engaged in it should siifl'r all its penalties. It is not promulgat ng what Iha e n't h re tofore said, t.i say that traitors T!:ust be made odious, tlia treason rr.u-t bo made odious, that traitors must be punished and impoverished. [Ap j p use ] Tliev must not only bo pun ished but their social power must be destroyed. If n>t they will still maintain <ui ascendency, nnd may again become mini' roil' and power ful ; 112 r in the vords of a former Sir tor of the United States, when traitors become numerous enough tivns it becomes respectable. And I say that after making treason odi ous, every Union man and the Gov ernment should be remunerated out of the pocket of those who lmvo in tlictcd this great Pilfering upon th» c untry. [Applause J But do not und r tand me as saying this in a spirit of anger for if I un erstand my own hear' the reverse is the case, anil while 1 say that the penalties of | the law in a stern and inflexible man | tier should be executed upon con i cious, intelligent and influential trai tors, the leaders who have deceived thousands upon thousan Is of lahor j ing in"n, who-have been drawn into this rebellion, and while I say as to i the leaders' punishment, I also say , lenie ev, conciliation and amnesty ; to thousands whom they have misled : and dec ived and in reference to ibis, as I have remarked, 1 mi lit ' hi*c adopted your speech as my own. In speaking of reconstruction, ho | made the fol owing remarks: Upon this idea of destroying States, rnv , position lias be n heretofore well known and there is no cause to | change it now, and I am glad to hear ' ts re-iteration on the present occa -1 sion. Some are satisfied with the idea that the States are to be lost in j territorial and other divisions, and are to lose their character as States, but their life-breath lias on y been suspended, and it is high constitu tional obligation we have to securo i each of these States in the possess , sion and enjoyment of a republican form of government. A State may be in th government with a peculiar i institution, and by the operation of r bellion, loose that featu e, out it was a State when it w nt into rebel lion, and when it come-, out without the institution it is still a State. [Grea: applause.] I hold it as a sol j cmn obligation in any one of these States where rebel armies have b en beaten back or cxpellid, 1 cure lot how binul! the number of Union men, if enough toman the ship of state* I lio'd it, I say, a high uty to pro tect and secure to them a republican form of government. This is no new opi ion. It i;s expressed in conform ity with iny understanding of the ge- J tiius and theory of our government. '1 hen, in adjusting and putting the government upon its legs again, I think the progress of this work must pass into tin* hands of its friends. [Applause J If a State is to be nurs ed until it, again gets strength, it uiuic bo nursed by its friends, not sinot ereilby jtsenemois. [Applause] , Now, Permit mo to remark, that while I have opposed dissolution and disintegration OJI tho one hand on the u'her I am cequally onposed to con solidation, [applause,] or the central • ication of power in tUe nan<J»of t-H* few
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