(The farmer's department. From tbe Pennsylvania Fencer and Gardner. The Physiology of Soil. We hear a great deal about Agri cultural Chemistry and Agricultural Practice; hut have we ever jet had any tiling written upon Agricultural Physiology ? If not,"then a few notes upon the subject may riot be uninteresting. A studeut of medicine enters upon ; the study of human physiology at the | very outset of Itis course, and would j consider that he was laboring in the I dark were he not to do so; for with- : out such knowledge he would not un derstand the structure of the simplest parts of the human system. Now, how many agriculturists ever think of making the physiology of the soil, the preliminary study to their prac tice, or even their theory of farming; yet, the one is just as necessary for successful working as the other. Nearly every one understands what is meant by human physiology, and we will now endeavor to explain what is agricultural physiology. On first looking at a piece of land of any di mensions, we at once discover that it is formed of different materials in j different parts. If we examine closer! we will see that they all act differ ently when cropped, and even the j plow-boy can tell what kinds of crop j should be planted in each for success- j ful growth. To answer satisfactorily j the question, Why is this difference? is Agricultural Physiology. Again, the medical student makes Physiolo gy, his study, that he may know how to administer his medicine in case of disease or injury, and to a well-read j Physician so complete is this knowl edge, that he can tell every symtom the patient may have, as soon as his diagnosis decides the disease. To enable the Agricultural student (or the Farmer, if you will) to understand = equally as well every movement arid - symptom which the soil may exhibit; j to know exactly the proper remedies j to apply in ease of disease, (and tin- j dcr this head may be classed, sterili- | tv, non-productiveness, stiffness, san- j (iiness, and sourness, and many •other j complaints,„which are daily made by i Farmers,) to understand the proper , food necessary to kefp the soil inn Wealthy condition, is the province of Agricultural Physiology, ll may be asked, what is the use of all thi - We reply, just the same is the one case as the other; without the Phy sician understand* his 'branch, th< lives of his patients would depend ! more upon circumstances than skill: < and if the Farmer i.« ignorant of his. U depends more upon favorable sea- i sons and circumstances whether he j has good crops, than upon anything ; he has done toward it. On the other I hand, they both have their patient I under their control, and if they do j not succeed, it is because it is out of j the line of human power to do so. A few- illustrations may ecluoidate our subject more clearly. First,- we take a piece of healthy land, a soil in which is contained every principle of healthy action in itself as well as of vegetable growth and perfection. Here we have a basis for future inves tigations, and as soon as it is discov ered that the soil is devoid of this ac tion, we have a patient whose disease is to be discovered and the proper remedies applied to restore it to health. But wc are dealing now with perfect ly healthy land, and the surest way to know this factisbythe same meth od that we know we are perfectly healthy in body, that is, by the parts giving us no concern. It is a trite maxim in human Physiology, that a man never realizes he has a stomach, if it be perfectly healthy. It is only by disease, which gives pain and un casiness,that he is brought to a knowl edge of the fact. So with land: if it produces full and abundant crops, the owner has no complaint to make;but should his crops fail, then his dis appointment against the land. Secondly. We will now in vestigate a piece of diseased land. It will produce scarcely anything; but what is the matter? We begin diag nosis. It is very sandy ; it seeuis in active ; the moisture is retained until it sours, and in eousequence of a re pelling or radiating power, the sun burns every thing up that is planted in it. We pronounce it sterile, or as a physician would say, marasmus. This is a very bad case ;but bad cases have been cured, and we prescribe for this as follows: l.iiue, 70 bushels jier acre, Wood ashes, 30 bushel per acre. Stable manure 70 loads per acre, •iyrfaee soil and leaves, 10 loads per aere, Composted in fall and applied in strly spring—Habits; must be well under drained, and plowed spring and fall, but not cropped until the second year. Diet; well decayed manure of any kiud will be allowed in moderate quantity, and in fall a good mulching of salt hay would bob neficial. It is true, we have combined the physician with the physiologist in our last example, but this is to show its uses rather than in practice; yet it will be necessary for the farmer to understand both the disease and rem edy, and the proper mode of apply irigit. There are many other examp'es, but it is not our purpose to write a lecture on the subject. We only call attention to it as one worthy of the attention of those more able to do it justice, and hope that we shall have the thoughts of many of our readers to help lis advance the cause. (I- ducatiowU Jqmrtmcnt. The Proper School Age. The reader will find two very interest ing and suggestive communications in this number, on the proper period for school training,—that is, the time for admission to and dismissal from the Common School. We have little now to add to the re marks of our correspondents; though 1 the question is a very important one, and j should receive careful consideration. While preparing,these communications ! for the press, our thoughts were drawn back, just twenty-eight years, to the time when we were compelled by almost fortu itous circumstances, to discuss this very question in the first deliberate and official act we ever performed in reference to the Common School System. In the report, Superintendent of Common Schools, read in the Legislature on the 30tli of Feb ruary, 1836.thc following passages amongst others on the point occur: " To meet this defect, it is suggested, that the Legislature provide, that no child shall bo admissible into a public school until the age, say, of five years, nor shall t continue longer than the age, say of fif | leen. Cases may arise in which the re j strict-ion might produce hardship; toob : viate this, power should be given to the | Directors to suspend the restriction when | ihey deem it necessary. In ordinary ea ! scs, howcver.Jtha restriction could produce no evil. There is sufficient time between the ages of five and fifteen, for the acqui sition of the rudiments of a common busi ness education. At the latter age young ! persons intended for the pursuit of labori ous occupations, are generally taken from school, while those destined for profes sions or commerce, should then be trans ferred to schools of a more advanced grade. " Education docs not consist in book j learning merely;—habits of industry and i of early methodical bodily exertion are I not less important, in a public point of j j view, than those of mental exercise and j ! cultivation. It is true, that unless thehti- | ! man mind be applied to the formation o£ j 1 habits of study and acquisition of knowl edge when young and pliant, little pro-' gross will in most cases be made. But it j ! is also true, that the foundation of iudus trious habits and bodily labor must belaid i ; before manhood stamps upon the individu- j al that distinctive character which is to , i accompany him through life, llenee the necessity as well as the policy of compel- . I ling the completion of book education at i such period, as shall not be too late to ' commence, with hope of success, the ac i quisition of the business or calling which j | is to employ and support its possessor { through life. It is not enough that our I youth should be book-learned,—they should also be industrious, economical and moral." We arc not now willing to indorse these sentiments to their fullest- extent; yet we ' arc surprised to find so little in them, and , in fact in the whole report, which the ex perience of life-time coudeinns. It is to j be remembered, that this report was writ ten when " Reading, Writing and Arith metic" were supjysedto lie the propcrand only work of Common School, and when graded schools were almost unthought of. Sijjce that time, the agd of admissibili ty has been raised from four to five years; and a better informed public sentiment seems now to indicate, that even six is young enough for the confinement and continuous application of the school room. We still continue of opinion, that the upward limit, —say sixteen —would lie pro motive of good to the youth of the Stater, with the discretionary power in Directors to dispense with the restriction in merito rious cases. — Pcnmylvania School Jour nal. From the Vermont School Journal. A LATIN PUZZLE. —1 send you this Latin Puzzle. You can do as you like about inserting it in your Journal. Ido not think that it is very well known ; and it may afford some pleasure to those who are Latin. M. >V W. ra ra ra es et in ram ram ram i.i- When solved this puzzle becomes a fa miliar passage of scripture. ED. THE SCHOOX. IN THE HOUSE. —Every family is a school. All its members are teachers, all are scholars. Without text books all study, and by instruct all learn, i Looks, smiles, frowns, caresses, reproach- I es, shrugs, words, deeds, make up daily household lessons, from which each learn er derives ; first, impressions; next, con victions ; and then character. WOMAN THE TRUE TEACHERS. —She has a larger heart,a ■finer brain, and a more ' delicate muscle and nerve than man, and hence she is most emiuently qualified to , shape the intellectual, moral and spiritual world. A highly cultivated woman is i God's antidote for sin and suffering. JBW A director can resign whenever he chooses to do so; but his resignation will not exculpate him from the consequences , i of illegal acts done when he was dircct [ | or. ' &if A Celebrated Philosopher used to si)*: " The favors of fortune are like steep i rjeks—only eagles and creeping things I mount to the summit. • For the Citizen. "LEX TALIONIS." BY LEA VMS WISE. Hark what faint low manning sound Upon the car doth steal; It in the wall of captive* bound Beneath a tyrants heel. Bound like menial*-, fed like dogs— . • (Jreut Heaven and can it be. That such foul deed# are done beneath The tree of liberty ? Ye« ITeaven hears its BO That Union captives lay At Richmond and Belle rslandtoo; Fast mouldering down to clay. Without a mothers parting tear, Without a father-* «igb, Or maiden fair to cheer their hcarta. They there neglected die. No wife to clove thefr eyes in death. And hear their ln j t farewell. No children standing 'round the bier, Of th«*e they loved BO well. , Ah no! sorb things in christian lands Of nature forms a part, But there —hate, wrath and tryonny, Has seared the rulers heart. Has changed a heart of wood to stone, Has dried- the fount of tears, He weeps not, save it is for those He held in former years. Those** hom he held because'thelr skin* Were blarker than his own• He weeps because he finds at last Ilia sablt: bird ha* flown. Perhaps be weeps for quadroon girl*, Straight haired, and fiiir. and slim, <>r it may be. because old Abe Has quite outwitted him. We hold oar foe men here in bonds, Regaling them like Kings, \\ e feed them on the finest wheat, , That from our region springs. We also let Pad Copperhead Oo through the prison door, And carry files to "Johnny Rob," And saws and what not more. "To w.»rk his way through walls of stono 'Till daylight greets hie eyes. To take his leave without parol , Or even "compromise."' Our brave men raptured on the field In the early morning fight. Have fallen prey to rebel wrath Before the shades of night. In North Carolina it is said, A half a hundred braves, Of-Saxon blood, were doomed to death, To hang like captured slaves. Away with tender feelings then Towards those sons of blight, And let the great "Lex Tali on is" Be enforced with might. Nerve the pliant Northern heart Against those men of hate. And if they will devour our braves Let us retaliate. Retaliate! Retaliate!! No other power Is left To reach those rebel hearts of stono. Of mercy clefui bereft. Aye let us give them death for death,- Blood cancels blood alone. Retaliate, when from our braves Comes up the dying groan. AN hen borne upon the .Southern breeze We hear their dying wail. Hurl back the try, "wove cancelled It," Upon the northern gale. Wisconsin State Convention. The Union .State Convention of Wis- j cousin met at Madison on Wednesday last. Ex-Governor Salomon was Presi dent and made ai»eloquent speech, saying that before the President issued the Emancipation Proclamation he was not in ! favor of his re-election, but he now heart- ] ily coincided with the feeling of the mass- I es in all loyal States in favor of continu- ! ing him in office another term. A scries j of admirably drawn resolutions was adopt- | ed, of which "we have room for only the fallowing: Fifth. That Abraham Lincoln has so j conducted himself in the discharge of the j duties of- Chief .Magistrate during the pe- j riod of unexampled difficulties and peril j as to win our foremost esteem and confi- I dence as a statesman of rare ability, uni- • ting in his character those high qualities j of prudence, firmness, foresight, upright ness and pure and earnest patriotic wis dom, which pre-eminently fit him to pre side in this hour of trial; and in our opin ion, whether we regard unity of sentiment and aetiou among all loyal men at home as ! cssentiaf to a vigorous prosecution of the war, or the confidence of other nations and j governments in the steadfastness of pur- j pose of our people, his re-election is a , measure of pre-eminent wisdom and im portance, and of sound public policy, and at highest consequence in the country. Major Hood offered another resolution instructing delegates to the Baltimore Convention to vote for President Lincoln's re-nomination, which was adopted after some discussion, and the whole series of them agreed to unanimously. After some speeches by several gentlemen, the con vention _ adjourned with three rousing cheers for .Abraham Lincoln.— Pitt. Gaz. NEWS AND MISCK.I.I.ANV.—A hand some octoroon girl on a Mississippi plan tation was married eight years ago to a mu latto on the same plantation, and was after wards sold to another planter owing to her master's pecuniary difficulties. The couple were plainly told that she was in tended as the new owner's mistress. En treaties only resulted in her husband be ing savagely beaten, and her being taken away. The wretched girl attempted sui cide without success, and had no.chance of escape, being ultimately forced to sub mit to her fate. She had one child by her bru al owner. George, the husband, i afterwards cscajied, and succeeded in get- j ting to Europe on board an English ship, lie traveled much there as a servant to | families, and a short time siuce returned to Clcvela id. Meanwhile, on the capture | of New Orleans, the woman's owner had j fled, and she escaped to Philadelphia, where she lias since resided in a family as I a servant Having gone to Cleveland a short time since a visit, she met her long lost husband in the street, and both j manifested the most intense joy. Thus j after so long and cruel a separation they arc happily reunited. EXCUSES FOR NUT GOJNGTO CHURCH. —Over slept myself; could not dress in time; too cold; too hot; too windy; too dusty: too wet ; too damp; too sunny; too cloudy ; don't feel disposed; no other time to myself; look over my drawers; put my papers to rights; letters to write to friends; mean to take a walk ; going to take a ride; tied to business six days in a week; no fresh air but on Sundays; can't breathe in church, always so full; feel a little fever ish; feel a little chilly; feel very lazy; expect company to dinner; got a head ache; intend nursing myself to dayj new bonnet not come home; tore my muslin dress down stairs; pot a new novel, must be returned on Monday morning; wasn't shaved in time ; dop't like the liturgy, al ways praying for the same thing; don't \ like eotemporary prayer; don't like an or- j gau, 'tis toonoisy; don't like singingwith- ! out music, makes me nervous, —the spirit it willing, but the flesh weak ; dislike an j extemporary sermon, it is too frothy; can't ; bear a written sermon, too prosing; no-' body to-day but ourminister, can't always j listen to the same preacher; dou't like; strangers; can't keep awake when at the church; fell asleep last time when 1 was there; shan't risk it again; mean to in quire of sensible persons about the pro priety of going to such a place as church, fnH pnhlisti On> rn S i,]t. LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS. | Executor's Xofiee. Estate of Thomas Bi/jham. NOTICE is hereby given, that Letters Testamentary i with the Will annexed, on th« estate of Thomas Blgham. Inte of 81ippervrock township, Butler county, deceased, have been duly granted by the Register of said county to the undersigned, residents of said township; therefore all persons Indebted to said estate, are request ed to'make payment, and those having claims to present , them properly authenticated for settlement. WILLIAM WOTIAM, THOB. STEPHENSON. March 2,18f>4::6t.* Executors. EXECUTOR'S NOTICE. EttaU of John Hoyg, Det'd. T ETTERS Testamentarv on the estate of JOHX Hoco. J.J late of Cherry township. Butler county. Fa., dee'd.. having been granted to the undersigned: all nersons know inn themselves indebted to said estate, will make ! immediate paj'nient, and all having claims against the | , same will please present them properly authenticated for ' settlement. JANE 11. HIMjG, Feb. 17, TfMV4:.Ot. Executrix. J Administrator's Notice. \\THEREAS Letters of Administration on the Estate <»f Sarah Philips, late of Centre township, Butler County. Pennsylvania, deceased, have this day b**en (rrant ed to tne undersigned, all persons indebted to said estate I are hereby notified to make immediate payment, and | those having claims against the same, will present them to the undersigned duly authenticated for settlement February, 10, IBG4:Ct WILLIAM F«MI.LE, HANNAH FOGLE, ! Administrtors. • (""•■riti- 1 I ■■wn-hip. llutl-'r .-..untv. j PROFESSIIOMLCARDB. R. M. M'LURE/ Attorney at Law, ■ AND PENSION AND CLAIM AGENT. Oni«,N. E. corner of Diamond, Butler, Pa. Feb. 3,1864::tf. J. D. M'JUNKIN," Attorney at Law. Also Licensed Claim Agent. Office with E. M'Junkin. Esq.. opposite the Pennsyl vania Hotel, Butler. Pa. CHARLES MCCANDL.ZBB Huon Q. GRAHAM.. | McCANDLESS & GRAHAM, Attorney** at Liuv. Offlee on the South-west corner of the Diamond, Butler, Pa ! Also, CLAIM AGENTS for securing TV* stons, Arrt+rs of l\iy and Bounty Money, for SoildietK, or if they are • dead, for their legal representatives. In prosecuting Sol dier's Claims, or those uf their Representatives, no charge ; until collected. Dec. 9,1863::tf. ISAAC A*H EDWIS LTO.V AHIi «fc LYON, * Attorney's J \\ 'ILL attend to (lie prosecution of all claims Rr VY BOUNTY, HACK PAY, PENSIONS. Tufumation by letter or otherwise, will L»e cheerful |y | given, gratis. No charge in any case until the tumi.ty IS | made. TJiov have already received and # paid over to ap- | plicant*. thousands of. dollars; having drawn up their | applications with such owe and precision that they are J uniformly successful. Pension** should I>e applied for within one year from ( death OR discharge. FJIx'MS BOrtiUT AXD SOLD OX mMUJfifrOX. | Office on Main Street, opposite the Pout Office, Butler. Dec. 9. lftfia.:::.lM _| A. M. NEYMAN,. M. D I'HYHLOIAN and HIIRTFC'ON. Office immediately opposite Walker's buildings, llutlcr PU. Dec. 0. I BI SIM.SS ADVEBTTSEM'ts. , HEW nAKKLi; KiHOI 1 . RPIIE undersigned would RESPECT fully inform the put- j I lie, that they have opened a new Nnrblc SHOP , and are now prepared to furnish in superior style, Monuments and Grave Stones, of all descriptions. We * ill always have on hand a large j American and Italian Marble, Nos. 1 & 2,! All work made on the shortest notice, and in the latest ■tyle. * Call and examine our stock. Shop on Washington street, near the ENGLISH Lutheran Church, Butler, Pa. • JOHN KOPP, CHRISTIAN EYTII. I Butler, March K 1861::3 in*. _ M'ADOY CO. DEALERS IN 'FOREIGN AND DOJIFiSTIC DRY (JOOIM. ! TVo. 1 10, Fedrral Hired, (SKCOND I»00R BKI.OTT KBW UUKKI UOI SK.) Allegheny ( ilj , I'«. Th-r.O. ISlV,.::tr. * MARTIN ITKLRKR «80. WIIITBKCKKR \ STOVES AND PLOUGHS. • ■ mi \T TEOK DECKER A RETBEII.—Fonn 1 J'lii \\ dors—Foundry North of the bor- I of Butler, whore Stoves. Ploughs J tirst D.H.R North of Jack's Hotel, where you will find Stoves of all sizes and patrons. They also keep on hand* large stock of Ploughs, W hich they sell as cheap as they can be bought at any other establishment in tho county. Dec. ft, 18fl8::tf M:>V IIAHNEWH HIIOP. §£§ JISTO. SEDWICK, H AVING opened a n«*w llarn<»«« Shop, opposite j Boyd's Buildings, Butler, Pa., will keep con>tantly j on hand* a large assortment of Saddles, Harness, and I every thing iu his line of bnsineas, which he offers at prices to suit the times. Work of all kin ls manufactured , to order, and repairing done on short notice, Dec.», 1803:::tf JOHN A. BEDWICK. ' i DENTIST'S. DRS.S.R.&C.L. DIEFFENBACHER. A RE prepared to Insert d? B -j- J&JSZ?IUVL Hlv"r I'kit£n. r ,_ Those desirous to avail r\ - thenirelves of the latest |: V. jfxTIJ--- improvements in deutis r*> -? try, should not fail to j? wxaniin" tt.eir new Btylcn % of Vulcaniteanii Corallte i work. Killtnyr, cleaning, i extracting and adjusting the teeth done with the best j j materials and in the best manner. Particular attention , ! paid to children's teeth. As mechanics, they defy com- j I petition; as operators they rank among the beat. Char- , ges moderate. Advice free of charge. Office—ln Bo.vds Building Jefferson Street, Butler Pa. | Dec. 1», 1863,"tf. V HOVJSKt WILLIAN VOGELEY. Proprietor. I milE undersigned would respectfully inform the public i X generally, that he has erected, a large aud comniodi | ous brick building, on the site of the old and well known . ' boune, formerly occupied by him as a Tavern Stand, lie j . has been at great expense in erecting and furnishing his 1 I new house, aud flatters himself that he is now prepared to { accommodate all who may desire to give him a call.— I Having ample house room for one hundred persons, uud J i stabling for at fifty horse*. I Thankful for jutat patronage, he would a continu- ; anceof the same. WM. VOUKLEY. j Dec. 9.1808::tf. HAVE YOU SEEN THIS? ... —ri"! ii r subscriber, grate /- ■ **%.-, O■ 1 fnl to his old friends " • ■ / y~~"" *? to tho public thathe has C;W i O large st.s kof SADDLES, f i - HARNESS ,, y WHIPS Ac. /,r At his old stand, where 112 * ** wi » »"• rea.lf at all -y_-_lfcj# times to serve those who may favor him with a call. He isconstantlv manufacturing,andkeepsoahaud thevory best assortment of T It I' If K N. All work warranted. Repairing done on the shortcut j notice aud most favorable teams. Dee. 9,1863. J. J. SEDWICK. Watches, Clocks & Jewelry . IF you want a good Watch, Clock, or set of good Jewel ! ry, goto flriel»«, where you can get the very best the ' market affords. He k«>op*on hand, a large assort m«nt of I Jewelry of all stylus, and in fact everything usually kept ! in a Jewelrv Store. Repairing dime on short notice D"*. LW!;:TF. V B A^F!T? Y. <JFJTF,n MISCELLANEOUS XOTICES. I RURAL HILL NURSERY, NEAR HITLER. PA. 1111 F. undersigned would respectftilly infbnn the public generallv, that he'is now fully prepared to furnish them with the choicest variety and very best quality of UlI kinds of fruit trees. During the last summer he has made large additions to his stock of Fruit and Ornamen tal trees, and has on hand a larger and better quality and variety than has ever been offered in this county. Con sisting of SUMMER, WINTER & FALL APPLES. PEACHES PEARS AND CHERRIES, also, STRAW BERRIES of thp very finest quality—different kinds oi Rheuharb. A Splendid lot of Evergreens and a great variety of Promiscuous trees for ornament and fthades.— All of which, we propose to pell on as feisonah]e teims. as the same quality and varieties can be had for, from any agehev or establishment in thp conntrv. Jan. 0, 1864. -SILAS PEAKCE ,t SONS. R.C. SHARP, FRUIT & ORNAMENTAL TREES. IS now prepared to fill orders for the Spring FRESHNESS," ■ - SIZE AND SYMMETRY His trees will stand the test with tho#e of the Best J\'ur srrift in the Union. * He engages to deliver them in proper season, and in C» OO I> o R I> E H. All that isnec»*ssary to ensure them to grow thriftily, anil hear abundantly in a few seasons is PROPER PLAXTIXIJ. Within the past two years, he has sold in this county THOUSANDS OF TREKS of every description; nearly | all of which are now in a thriving condition. | Some of his Dwarf Apples aiyl Fears were this year LOADED WITIILUCIOCSFRUIT. i It co«ts but little to start n new orchard, while in a few | yenrrfit is the most profitable spot on the farm. It will i pay to cut off the old orchards of common fruit, find re i place them with choice selections fVoin the Nuraery.— | In a few years after, a* the farmer look* upon his thrifty i trees,burdened down with blushing fruit, applesaslarge as • Tin Gups. he will say to himself with a self satisfied expression of j countenance, "I've,made one good investiueut in my life, I FiSr particulars, address, R. t. SHARP, Butler, Pa. TJie following well known gentlemen, have kindly per : milted him to refer to them, as to his reliability us well ; as the quality of the trees : Judge Stephen)*.n. Centreville; John T. Bard, Centre ' villoj John Pisor. Worth tp.:JolmWngluun, SHppervrock; ! Wm. M'Caffertv, Fairview tp.: Win. Megarv, Fairview tp; Ab'm. Zeiglor, Henry F. Mnnts Harmony;' Col. A. Lowry, E. M'Junkin,Cnp. Jacob Zeigler, I. J. Cumming*, Butler: John (Ireen, John M'Creay, Coylsville, Henry Buhl, For ward township,, Dec. 23, 3::m. .1803 NEW GOODS, IHOII. FROM NEW YORK ANI) PHILADELPHIA. AS CHEAP AS THE CHEAPEST. AND AS GOOD AS THE BEST. R. C. & J. L. M'ABOY. Ilavc just received at their establishment. ON MAIN STREET, BUTLER, PA.. A large and well selected stock of HI3AHOXA IJI H «;0() l)S, tchuh th'jj orr selling at vary low rate.*. RI.NITUI. rOLiowisa CATALOG ri: AS» RUOFIT TI[LKI.BV. FOII Tllli L.VI>IJ:M. A%Knyson hand a large stock of Ladies goods, sucha- COBERQ CLOTH, ALPACAS, DE LANES, OINOHAMS. ; PRINTS, KERCUIEFS, NUBIES, GLOVES, Ac. F(]R GENTLEMEN. • Always on band Black Cloths, Fancy and Black Cassi meres. Satinetts, Cassinets, Tweeds, Plain aud fancy Yes tings, Shirting, etc., etc., etc., READY MADE CLOTIUXU. | [ Such as COATS, PANTS, VESTS and other garments I Hoots and Slioes. HATS, CAPS & NECKTIES, and a variety of other articles HOIKEHOLI) GOODS. Such as Unbleached and Bleached Muslins, Linen and Cotton, Table Cloths. Oil Cloths, Linen and lletnp Towels, I Carpets, Curtains, Fringe, etc. HARDWARE, &C. If you want Nail* or Spikes. Manure or other forks, Saw-Mill or other saws. Smoothing Irons, Locks, Hinges, etc., goto M'Aboy's, where you can buy them cheap. IF YOU WANT Good Extra Family Flour, White or Broun Sugar. Rio or Java Coffee, luipocial, Young Ilyson or Black Tea, goto M'Aboy's. IF You WANTGHOCEIIIEH of a superior quality, at as low rates as they can be had elsewhere in the county, goto the store of B.C. A J. L MA BOY. Dec. 9, 1863. REDICK'S DRUG STORE, Opposite SUIIP'S ft tore* DRUGS, DRUGS, DRUGS, MKDICI N ES, M EDICIN ES, M KDICIN ES. MEI) I (JIN ES, M EDICIN ES, M EDICT N ES, DYES, DYES, DYES, TAINTS, PAINTS PAINTS, Pure Liquors for Medical use only. Soda, Cream Tarter etc. etc. French ami American Perfumery, and Toilet articles.— Brushes, Trusses and all articles in the Drug liue, of the Lost quality and at fairest rates. Doc. », itm. NOTICE. fIIHE firm of Brackenridg.' A Co., ha« been dissolved | this day, (February 1. IStV4.) by mutual consent, W. O. Briu'kenride. having withdrawn fn»m the linn. The ] Notes and BOOKS are in the hands of W. <>. Brackturidge. W. 0. BRACKEN RIDGE, E. KINGSBURY. In withdrawing from the above firm, I cheerfully re-» commend my late partner, to my friends and the public. W. 0. Bit AC KEN RIDG E. N. B.—All persons knowing themselves indebted rr. the above firm, are hereby respertfully notified to call and set tle their respoctivc account*, by paying or giving their obligations, on or before the first of April next. The ac counting porsons who fail to comply with this notice, -w 111 be left with the proper authorities fur collection. ¥> .% IM4 M " ry B*ACK ' A RlT*sf y* a IMPORTANT SOTK l-X j Till: THIHI >KIORINttI. PROSPTCTUS, THE NEW YORK TRIBUNE, first issued April 10, 1841. has to-day n larger inregate circulation than any other newspaper publishud in America, or lwo believe) in the world. Compelled a year sipce to increase the price of its several issues, or submit to the pecuniary rum of its proprietor* from the very magnitude of its circulation, it ban probably since parted with mime natrons to whom its remarkable cheapness WHS a controlling tion; bnt others have taken their place, and it has now more than Two Hundred Thousand subscribers and regu lar purchaser*—an excess of at least Fifty Thousand over tho*eof any rival. And this unprecedented currency it ha* achieved by very liberal expeudftures In procuring .early and authentic intelligence, bv the fearless expres sion of convictions, by the free employment of ability and industry wherever it might oontribut4*to excellence In any department of our enterprise, and by unshrinking fidelity to the dictates Humanity, and Free dom. By very large outlays for early and authentic advices by telegraph and otherwise from its own correspondents with the various armies of the Union, and by special ef forts to furnish such information respecting Markets, Crops, new discoveries or improvements in Agriculture, Ac,, as must specially Interest farmers,we have assidtonsly labored to make a journal calculated lo meet the wants and subserve the interests of the Producing Classes!— That end we have at least measurably attained: for no other newspaper exists in Americ»or Europe which is habitually read by nearly so many farmers and their fam ilies as is THE TRIBUNE 10-day. \V« shalllaborto increase both the number and the satisfaction of this by fair the most numerous class of its patrons. During the existence of the Whig party, this paper .supported that party, though always sympathizing with the more liberal, progressive, Anti-Slavery "wing there of. \\ hen new issues dissol«ed or transf rmed old organi zations through the spontaneous uprising of the people of the Free States against the repudiation of the Ml-sonii Restriction, The Tribune heartily participated in that •moment. Ml wa* known ar Republican Wbeh toe long smoldering conspiracy to divide and destroy our country or re>luce It entire to complete abasement to the i Slave Power culminated in overt treas n and rebellion, It naturally, necessafrily regarded resl>tance !•> this c n spiracy ap paramount to all other considerations, and de voted all Its energies and efforts t the maintenance four Cnion. In every great controversy which bus divided onrcountry, it lias been found on that side which natu rally commands the sympathy and support of the large | majority of school-houses uml the decided minority ol i grog-shops, and so doubtle-s will be to to the last. Ardently d. siing and striving lor the jearh' and endu- I ring adjust meut of our National distractions. The Tribune 1 leaves the time, the nature and the conditions ol that ad justment implicitly to those lawfully in authority, con fiding in their wisdom and patriotism, anxious to aid them to#ie utmost in their arduous responsibilities and not to embarrass them even by possibility. Firmly be lieving in the Apostdic rule—•"First pure then peacea ble"—holding that the total and final extirpation of Sla very is the true and only absolute cure for our National ills—that any expedient that stops short of this can liave but and illusory success—we yet pro piaind no theory of "reconstruction" and indorse none that has b.-en propouudad by another—neither Sum ner's, nor Whiting's, nor any of the various Copperhead devices for achieving '-Pence" by surrounding the Re public into the power of its traitorous fops—but, exhor ting. the American People to have faith in their Govern ment, to re-enforce their armies and replenish their treas ury. we believe that, If tliey but do their duty, a benign Providence will indue timehiing this fearful struggle to such a close as will best subserve the true greatness of our country and the permanent well-being of mankind. We respcctfhly solicit the subscriptions and active exertions of our friends, and of all whose views aud con victions substantially with ours. TKKMti OF DAILY TRIBUNE. Single Cepv 3 cuts, Mail Subscribers, one yeir ("ill tones) SI Ml-WI KKI.Y Till III'N K on< copy, one year (104 issues $-1 Two Copies, one yoar Five Copie*, one year $l i Ten Copies, one year ftt 50. An extra copy will bo sent to any person who sends us a club of twenty and over. The Semi Weekly Tribune Is sent to Clergy men fur $2 25 WKF.KJ.Y TRIBUNE. • One eepv, one year (62 Issues) Three Copies, one year ?r.. Five Copies, one year ~ *<<. Ten Copies, one year..' #lft Any larger numbos, addressed tonattifs of subscribers, I£l f»U each. An extra copy will be sent to every club or Twenty copies, to one address, one year, and any i larger number at same price. An extra copy will be sent to clubs of twenty. Anv jarson who sends us a club of thirty or i.vi i' shall receive TIIB SKMI-WKKKI.V TBI BUNK gratis. To anv person who sends us a club of flftv or over TIIK BAILY TRIBI'N K will he sent v. itliuuf charge. The Weekly IMbuoi Is - nt to Cl< rgymsn Iktr $1 85. The Post-ofiices where full Clubs cannot be formed ei ther f>r the Sembl> cekly or Weekly Tribune, subscri bers to the two editions can unite at Club prices, should the total number of subscribers come within our rule. Addn •. THE TRIBUNE. Tribune Buildings, New York. ~WAVERLY MAGAZINE, FOR FAMILY AMUSEMENT AXDJINSTRUCTION. I :«IL T 4'«L I»,\ >IOMS A . Dow* This paper Is the largest Weekly j-ver published in the country. Its contents are such as \\ ill be approved in the most fastidious circle*—nothing immoral being julinittud into its pages. It will afford a* much reading matter as almost any on" c«n find time to peruse, consist in-{ of Tales History, Biography, together with Music and Poetry.— The paper contains no ultra sentiments, and meddles nei ther with p ditit.s nor religion, but it is characterized by a high moral tone. It circulates .ill over the country, from Maine to California. TERMS,— The Waverlv Magazine is published weekly bv Moses A.Dow, No. 6, Lyidall Street. Boston, Mas*. Two editions are printed, one on thick paper, for Periodical Dealers, at £ cents a copy, and an edition for mail subscri bers (on a lfttle thiner paper, so as to cotnc within the low postage law.) One copy for 12 months SB,OO One copy for N months, 2,00 One copy f.»r 4 months, 1.00 (hie copy for 0 months «1.60 Two copies for 12 months, 6,i)0 Four copies fur 0 mouths, 6,00 All additions to the clubs at the same rates. All mon ies received will be credited according to the above terms. Paper stopped when the last number paid for Is sent. No subscription* taken for I«hib than four months. All clubs must be sent by mail. A name must be given for each paper in the club. A new voln{nc commences every July and January.— But if a person commences at anv number In the volume, and pays for six months, he will have a c unplptc book, with a title-page. When a subscriber order* a renewal of his subscription ho should tell us what was the Inst number be received, then we shall kuow what number to renew it without hun ting over our books. Otherwise we shall begin when the money Is received. Persons writing for the paper must write thelY name, post office, county and state very dis tinctly. Those who wish their paper changed sliouid tell whore it has previously been sent. Postage on this pa per is twenty cents a y oar, payable in advanco at the office vv here taken out. Clubs must always be sent at one time to get the benefit of the jow price. We cannot send them at the club price unless received all together, as it is too much trouble to look over our books or keep an account with each one get ting them up. Monthly Parts—ft a year, In all cas^s. Any one sending us Five Dollars can have the weekly "Waverlv Magazine." and either of the following works for one year by mail: "Peterson's Ladies' Magazine," "Harper's Magazine," Oodev « Lady's Book," "Ladies Oa zetttfof Fashion," "Atlantic Monthly." All letters and communications concerning the paper must he addressed to the publisher. THE WAY TO SUBSCRIBE.— Tne proper Inode to subscribe for a paper Is to enclose the money in a letter and address the publisher direct, giving individual name, with the ppst office, county «nd state very pluiuly written, OApost • marks are often illegible. Address MOSES A. DOW, Boston, Muss. Baltimore. Philadelphia, New York and Pittsburgh, Brought into the very midst of the j QUIET TOWX of inJTLEK. milKnn.leriiiffned.nt earnest aolid j friends and patrons, i A/f~ ngy> i'i chairman of tho coin- niittee furpnn uring^nr < omfort and cijjoymcnt ~~y] y. ."f his fellow citizena, <ijt "in and about" Butler /' county and elsewhere. In "pursuance of bin appointment." he left Riitler, and during the "rainy sea son," was busily engaged, toiling, taxing every point of the compass, ill order to accomplish the object of his mission. Il«-ha* the satisfaction of reporting himself once more at home, accompanied with some of the tallest specimen* of articles in bin line of business, that was ever concent nit ed at any point in Butler county, or any where else In Ibis decidedly great country. All ho asks in return, «>f his fellow citizen*, for bis arduous labors, is .-imply that they will give him a call, and examine for themselves, bis Hue stock of Tobacco, Snuff and Cigars. Though republics are generally ungrateful, and the peo ple. though ••sovereign*," are not alwaya exactly in the | right track, yet he feels a kind of confidence in litem that they will not hesitate to pronounce judgment in his favor, ' when they shall have ''investigated" his stuck, in order I to make an Intelligent report,lt will bo necessary for all I interested in the "use and abuse" of Tobacco, in all its va i rietiee, to call and try for themselves. The committee i beg* leave to be discharged fnun further eonsii)eratlon of this subject. UKOIUiK VOUKLKY, Jr. Dec. 9,1803: :.'tmo. COUNTRY MERCHANTS, CALL AT If eliieikian'N ISook Store, And buy OSGOOD'S Berries of .Scbcol Books at Publisccrs pricer. Always on han<L a full supply of Stationery and Envelops, at wholesale and retail, cheap for ca»h. Call and examine before purchasing elsewhere. No trouble to show OCSMIS. Dec.9, lMtt::tf EUrOIUiM OF FAKlftlO^, ON MAIN STREET, Opposite Boyd's Buildings, Butler. i milK undersigned would respectfully inform hi* old I J friends and the public generally, that lie in conntant | ly in receipt of the very latest Fashions, and is fully pre | pared it all times to execute all kinds of work in hi* line ; of business in a neat and workmanlike maimer, and will j be happy to attend to all wh<9itvty give him a call. A.N. McCANW.Ktf?. Jan. • I PEBIOBH AL NOTICES. Terms rcdneed to Old l'rlces EODEY'S IfS BOOK For 1864. Great Pictorial Year < Th, puMirthfir of U.«I,V, tbntlkf.l to that public which lin» enabled hlin to imbir.h a mnnuln*- for th.- liiit thirty-four year, of u larger circulation than" any In America, has made an arrangement with the mos # popular authoress in this country — MARION II AH LAND, Author tit of M Alone," " Hutihn Path," "Moss Sftte*' " Xnnesis," ami " .V.TMIM,"' who will funiish stories f«»r the I July's Book for ISo4.—*- This alone will place the Lady's Book in a literary point of view far ahead of any other magazine. Marion liitrr land writes for no other magazine Onr other fhtorits" writers will all continue to furnish articles throughout the year. THE BEST Lady's Magazine, in the World, and th# Clieaoest. THE LITER A TVRE is of that kind that can be read aloud in the family circle, and the clergy in Immense numbers are Subscibers for the Book. 7777 MI'SIC Is all original, and would cost cents (the price of the Book) In the music stores; but most of it is copyrighted, and cannot be obtained except In "God«#." OCR STEEL EXGRA VLXGS. All efforts to rival us in this have sensed, and we now stand alone in this department, giving, as we do, many more and infintely better engravings than are published in any other work. OODEY'S I I.VHEXSE DOUBLE SHEET FASUIOX-VLA TES From fire, to seven full length Coitntu F\irhfons on each plute. Other mnyutintt girt only two. far Ahead of anv fashions in Europe or AMERICA. j THE PUBLICATION OF THESE PLATES COST Sio.ooo moni: tlmn Fnnliliiii-pl-ilefl of the old „t v |e, nnfl uothhii lilt our wuiiilolfiillv Inrgo rin iihuinii enables us ta give them Other tntuctir.ini'l eann't afTnttl It. Wo never snare in. n ev when Tin- public can be benefited, These ftuhlmiii IUAV Ije relied on. Dresses HP,, |, E after them, ntel the newer will not nubjeet hers'elf toriil- Icule, ns wimlil lie the aw If she vlslteil the tlreMeri Jfter the -t vie ..I the plntes given In (otneti of our so-culled fashion miiitntinM. OCR Woo It EXGRA VINOS. of which wo giro twice or three times ns manv nxnnv other magazine, lire often mistaken for stool. l'hev aro so far superior to anv others. JMJ TA TIONS. Beware of them. Remember that the Ladv's nook I* the original publication and the cheapest. If V ou take Godey, you want no other magazine. Ererythinf. thm Is uscrul or ornamental in a home can lie found in Godey.* i) if a nvi\Y; lessons. No other magaztnfe gives tliein, and we haven en&igb to fill several large volume*. OIR RECEIPTS are Bttih a« ran round nowhere else. Cooking in all Its VMi fet v—( I y—the Nnrsery—the Toilet—the Laundry—the Kitehen. Receipts upon all subjects are to l»e found in tbepages nf the lady's Book. We originally started till* department, nnd have peculiar facilities for making it 111 "Hi perfect. Thin department alone in worth the price of the Hook. LAOJES' work table. This <tepnrmcnt comprise* «'ngrnvings and descriptions of every article Unit a lady Wears. vo/>!•: /. (o rr.\ gES. No other magazine Ims this department. TRIMS. CIWJI FX ADVAM E. TO ANY POST-OFFICE IN TUB UNITFB STATES. One copy ono year, Two ropi»>» ou#vear, $6. Three copies ono year, Four copies one year. #7. Five copies one year, and an extia copy to the person sending the club, $lO. Kiglit copies # -ie year, and nn extra copy to the person sending the club. sls. Eleven copies one year, nnd un extra copy to the person pending the clan, s2o. And the niily magazine that inn be introduced intotbe >ftbov. , |uba in place of the Lady's Book is Arthur s Homo Magazine. Godey •« Lady's Book and Arthur's Homo Magazine both one year for *U«i. Godey s lj»dy'h Boo); and Harper's stngn/.ine boihon'ovenr f««r $ 1,.'H1. * fhsley, Harper, nnd Arthur will all three be sent one I year, on receipt nf#n,<Kl. J Treasury Notes and Notes on all solvent banks taken j at par. Be Careful and pay the postage on yodr letter. Address L. A. GODEY, l)2i\ Chtsnut Street, Philadelphia, Pii. GEHMANTOWN TELEGRAPH. A Family and Agricultural Journal^ PEVtrrED TO <IE<»E* s: aJ B BJMTI lii:, INCLUDING Poetry, Novelot I OH, Tales, IV/) MORAL ASP ENTERTAIXINO READING generally. In the hiterarv Department we slmlj present the choi <est vurieties within the rearh of our extended means. The Novelettes. Tales, Poetry, Ac., shall he supplied from host and highest sources, and be equal to any thing to bo found in any Journal or magazine. AGRICULTURE HORTICULTURE . . EMBRACING FARMING, GARDENING, Fill!IT-RAISING, Ac, In all their branches, as conducted on the latest and most approved systems. Our \abors in this department for over thirty years, I have met the cordial approbati >n of the public. Our rpui pose has been to furnish useful and reliable Infbrmo | tinti upon these very important branches of industry. • awl protect them so far as within our power against the false do. trlticn and selfish purposes of the many em pire Mind sensation adventures by which the Fanner is I inct 'MuJly a-ailed. This portion of the GCRMANTOW RF I TKLKGR' • H will alone BE worth the whole price of sub ' scrlptlon, as everv Farmer and tlardner, who has a prop [ per conception of his calling, will readily admit. IVEWH l>i:S*A HTM KXT. The same industry, care, and discrimination, In gath ering and preparing the Stirring Events of the Day, ex press!v for this paper, which hitherto has been one ot it-4 marked features and given so universal satisfaction, will be continued with ledoubled efforts to meet the In creasing demands of the public. The labor required in this department is never fully appreciated by the reader. It would be impossible to present, in the condensed and carefully made up form in which it appears, a corrected mass of all th«» most Interesting news of the week, with out involving much physical labor, tact and Judgment. Wo annex the cash terms, to which wo beg leave to cAll the attention of all who think of subscribing for a newspaper: ADVANCE CASH TERMS.. One Copy, One Year $2,00 One Copy. Three Years 6,00 Three Copies. One Year, ft,oo Fjve Copies, One Year, 8,00 Ten Copies, One Year lb,i»o -Suhiriptioiis not paid within the year. f2,f«o. ttu' A Club of five subscribers, at 18, will entitle the ' person getting it up ton copy for six months; a Club ol | ten or more, to a copy for one year. All Club subscrip | lions stopped at the end of the time paid for, unless ic ordered. 4U> No order will receive attention unless accompa nied with the easli. it., Specimen numbers sent to applicants. PHI LIP R. KREAB. Editor and Proprietor. Arlliur"f* Home .Mnga/Jnc J"or 1811 I. Kdltod by T. 3. ARTHUR AND VIRGINIA F. TOWNSEND. VoLIMKS XXIII. AND XXIV. The HOME MAGAZINE for 1804 .will be conducted in the same spirit that has diatiiiKuinhed it from the com mencement ; and continue to unite in one periodical the •ll tt Hi 1 ion Magazine* as they are called, and the graver literary monthlies. Our arranyeinenlt for 1804 include ' THREE ORIGINAL SERIAL STORIES, written ex l pi- sly for tue Home Magnziiie <jueof these will he by I Mi.s Virginia F. Townscnd, and commence in the Janu i .-try number. Another will by T. 8. ARTHUR. And j the third from the pan of MRS. M. A. DEN I HON, a wri ! ter who liaa long been n favorite with the public. llealil. 1 lb. - , OUR L.MUiK Ollltl'S OF TALENTEU I W ItITERS will continue to enrich the Homo Magazine with shorter stories, poems, essays, ami sketches of life and character, written with the aim of blending literary , excellence with the higher teachings of Aiorality and ro ligion. . ELEGANT ENGRAVINGSappear in every number, in cluding choice pictures, groups and characters, prevailing fashions, and a large variety of patterns for garment* embroidery, etc. etc PREMIUMS FORGETTING UP CLl'BS—Our Premi um Plates for 1864 are large and beautiful Photographs of EVANGELINE" and"THE MITttJBRLKHS BAIRN." j TERMS—S2 a year in advance Two copies for f.l. Three | for &L Four for'fft. Eight, nod one extra copy to getter | up of cluft, 112 10. Twelve and one extra, sls. Seventeen j and one extra, (20. PREMIUM —one u> every $2 sub | scribers; ami one to getter-up of s.l, $4, So or $lO < lub.— Both premium- sent to gettei-up oi Sls and S2O clubs. Uf)- lu <. deriug premiums send three red stamps, to pre-pay postage ou snme. Address, R. S. ARTHUR A 00., 323 Walnut Bt. Philadeiphi IftorNes and Jlares Wanted. undersigned will be In Iluller,on MONDAY ot each week, f< <v ibo purpose of buying HOUSES AND MARES. | Bring them In and *'*t yo«r money. CO,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers