VOLUME 1.
THE AMERICAN CITIZEN,
IS pfttdlslred every Wedneaikjr hi theborowgh <»T Butler,
BY THO*M ROBISSONA C. K. AMDERBOX oil Main street,
•9pp<>rf/te to k's Hotel ■ -oflce up stairs in the brick
•ormerl.r occupied by Ri Yetter, a* n store
TKRMS:—SI 50 a year, if pai<L in advaiKe, or within the
flrnt six months; or $2 if not paid until after theeipira
tion of the first nix months.
KATES OF ADVERTISING: —One square non., (ten lirre* or
less,) three insertions $1 J**
Kvury subsequent insertion, per square, 25
Musine-w cards of 10 lines or MM for one year, Inclu
ding paper,...., ® W
fard of 10 lines or lew 1 year without paper 4 00
X< column for six months ••J
for one year
*-1 column for six months 00
column for one year j-6 W
I column for six months W
1 column for one year -0° w
REMARKABLE PROPHECY.
Dr. Iloberton published an edition of
Xenophon's Anabasis, in 1850. In the
preface he gives the .following account of
the youth who was a member of one of
his classes. It is a most interesting doc
ument. and shows how the character which
Col. Fremont has ever exhibited, was form
ed. and illustrates the early development
of the enertry and talent that have borne
him .HI through life :
• '• Fir your future encouragement 1 will
here reive - l very remarkable instance of
patient, diligence an I indomitable perse
verance.
" Jn the vear 18:'7, after I had return
ed to Charles!on from Scotland md my
nlhnnnn were goiw on, a very respectable
lawyer came to my school, I think some
Mine in the month of October, with a
youth apparently about sixteen, or per
hii'ts not so much, (fourteen.) of middle
r- izc, graceful in mauner, rather slender but
well formed, and, upon the whole, what I
should call handsome ; of a keen, pieree
ing eye, and a noble forehead, seemingly
the very seat of genius. The gentleman
stated that lie found him given to study,
and that lie had been about three weeks
learning the Latin rudiments, and (ho
ping, I suppose, to turn the youth s at
tention from the law to the ministery.) had
resolved to place him under my care for ,
the purpose of learning (.reek, Latin and I
mathematics, sufficient entering I
Charleston College. I very gladly re- j
eeived him, for 1 immediately perceived
he was no common youth, as intelligence
beamed in bis dark eye, and shone bright
ly on his countenance, indicating great |
ability, and an assurance of his future I
progress. lat once put him into the high
est class just beginning to read Caesar's j
Commentaries, and although at first infe
rior, his prodigious memory and enthusi
astic application soon enabled liiiu to sur
pass the best. He began Greek at the
same time and read with some who had
been long at it, in which he also soon ex
celled. In short, in the space of one year,
he had, with the class, and at odd hours,
with myself, read four books of Csesar.
Cornelius Nepos, Salust, six books of Vir
gil, nearly all of Horace, and two books
of Livy ; and in Greek all GrajcaMinora,
about half the first volume of Grteca Ma
jora, and four-books of Homer's Illiad.—
And whatever he read he retained. It
seemed to me, in fact, as if he learned by
more intuition. 1 Was myself utterly as
tonished. and at the same time delighted
with his progress. I have hinted that he
was designed for the church, buj when I
contemplated the bold, fearless disposition,
h s powerful inventive genius, his admi
ration of warlike exploits, his love of hc
• » : o and a IvcMir >u< lee N I did not think
likely he would l»< amo tor of the
•iospcl He had not li wever, the least
,ir, iiw ; ii, . r .vii ever. On the
contrary In ifu the very pattern of vir
•ue and...d -»v T •'••aid not help loving
mm. so much uid be captivate uie by his,
jentlenunly conduct, an 1 extraordinary
proyi-.-; It w;.s easy, to .ee that he
would some day raise, himself to eminence.
While under my instruction, 1 discovered
.is early L-'nius for poetic composition, in
the following manner. When the Greek
■class read the account that Heroditus
gives of the bravery of Miltiade- and his
ten thousand Greeks at the battle of Mar
athon, it raised his patriotic feelings to en
thusiasm, and drew from him expressions
that I thought were embodied, a few days
afterward, in some well written verses in
a Charleston paper, on that far-famed, un
equal, but successful conflict against tyr
anny and oppression; and suspecting my
talented scholar to be the author, I went to
his desk and asked him if he ci 1 not w i'e
them; and hesitatingly at first, rather
iblus&iiftigly confessed he did. I then said
•" I knew yo« eould do such things, and
.suppose you have some such pieces by you
which I would like to see. Do you bring
.them to me." He consented and in a day
.or two brought me a number which I read
with pleasure and admiration at the strong
.marks of genius stamped on all, but here
and there requiring, as I thought, a very
slight amendment.
" I hud a hired mathematician to teach
'both him and myself, (for I could not
ta>ach that science,) and in this he also
made such wonderful progress that at the
*.'U(l of a year he entered the Junior class
in Charleston College triumphantly, while
-others who bad been studying four yearn
•or more, were oMtgd to tak< tlvc P<*pfeo-
AMERICAN CITIZEN.
more clang. About the year 1828 I left
Charleston. After that he taught mathe
matics for some time. Ilia career afterward
has been one of heroic adventure, of hair
breadth escapes by flood and field, and of
scientific explorations, which have made
him world-wide renowed. In a letter I
received from him very jately, he express
ed his gratitude to me in the following
words: — 1 1 am very far from either for
getting you or neglecting you, or in any
way losing the regard I had for you.—
There is no time to which I look back with
more plea-ure than that spent with you.
for there was no time so thoroughly well
spent, and of anything I have learned I
remember nothing so well and so distinct
ly as what 1 acquired with you.' Here I
cannot help saying that the merit was al
most all his own. It is true that I en
couraged an<l cheered him on. but if the
soil into which I put the seens of learn
ing had not been of the richest quality,
they would never have sprung up to a
hundred fold in the full ear. Such, my
young friends, is but an imperfect sketch
of uiy much beloved and favorite pupil,
now a Senator, and who may yet rise to
he at th' h>- "112 Mix />•">' nmf grmriny
Rcpv.U" My prayer is that he way cvqv
be opposed to war, injni- «i and oppres
sion .1 every kind, a blessing to bis coun
try. and an example of every noble vir
tue to the whole world."
Advertising—Put Out the Bush.
It seems very singular that there are so
few business men who understand how to
advertise their business as they ought to,
and who content themselves with letting
people guess at what they have, while they
might so easily make it known all over,
and while they go often to great expense
for what does not make their business
known to any extent. • »
Merchants will often get up a sign at a
cost of one or two hundred dollars, that
will scarcely be looked at all, often one
that is hidden by an awning, or placed al
most out of sight, and that, at the best
does not attract the attention of half-a
dozen people daily, while the same sum
judiciously expended in advertising, would
attract more attention, draw more custom
ers, than fifty such signs.
There are many who rely upon the old
saying that "good wine needs no bush."
This is and ever was a mistake. A bush
before a door used to be a sign for the
sale of wine, and though it is true enough
that when a vinter had in olden times jjftt
up his reputation, he was otherwise known
than by the advertisement of the bush,
yet ho had need of the bush to gain his
reputation, and still needed it for all chance
custom.
In the present day, and in this country
all is changing, a new face shows itself in
every store a dozen times a day, and to the
new man you may sell just the thing he
conies for, but it is more than probable
you have a good many other things he
wants, though he does not know it, aud
you cannot tell every man who comes just
what you have, or guess just what he
wants.
You advertise, in the newspapers, it iH
tnie. but you advertise groceries, or dry
goods, or hardware of various kinds. If
a customer whose tastes you know, comes
in, you, will show him.a new or fresh ar
ticle. that you think he likes, and the
chauce.- art; he a purchaser.- He
knew that you had an assortment in your
line generally, that you had what is called
"all kinds," but he did not know that this
\VM .in HI- th i' all kinds, or if he did, he
did not tiiink of it -uitil you
it, and then he wanted it.
Well, would it not be better to tell it
all at once, as you can through a paper !
You pay a great rent, gladly too, for a
good stand, that is for one where people
can pass, and see what you have. A less
expense will send more to you *ho will
know what you have.
You do advertise?, perhaps. You ad
vertise in your own paper. All right, but
why not in others ? You want to sell to
your political opponents, don t you ? Of
course; th#n tell them, too, what you have.
Men sefdoni buy of you on account of
your politics, they buy because you have
what they want, and sell for what they
are willing to pay.
But when you advertiso, don't merely
advertiso things generally. That you
have them people generally know. Say
what the things are, that you recommend
them boeause good, or cheap, or rare, or
for some reason. A great many people
don't know what they want to buy, but
you know what you want to sell. Let
others know it too.— Milwaukee News.
®oT In one of our seminaries, the oth
er day, a little boy appeared before his
teacher with his lesson unlearned. On be
ing uxked the reason, the little fellow, with
great naivete, replied, " Mamma wasn't in
last night, and the cook's spectacles were
too small to take in the big word*.''
" Let us have Faith that Right makes Might; and in that Faith let us, to the end,dare tojo our duty as we understand it"-A LINCOLN.
BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1864.
Taking up a Collection.
Rarely have we beard a better story or
a better told story thau this, from a rever
end gentleman in Missouri:
The life of a preacher in a new coun
try. from a secular point of view,ishard
lv as smooth and free from difficulty as a
position in more cultivated and populous
communities appear to be. The people
are thinly scattered here and there, engag
ed in different pursuits, though chiefly
agricultural. Being collected from all
parts of the older States, and gathered
from every class of society, they meet up
on the same common ground, upon terms
of easy familiarity, and .restrained by no
irksome conventionalities. People in a
new country generally have a pretty hard
time of it. They live a sort of "rough
and tumble" life, wearing out their best
efforts in a struggle for existence. Under
these circumstances the material some
times absorbs completely the spiritual;
and the people not unfrequently ''get so
far behind" with the preacher, they" have
to Ve powerfully " stirred up," from the
pulpit.
On one occasion we had a visit from the
presiding elder of our district at one of
our quarterly meetings. We had not
paii! our j i eaehcr "nary dime" as the boys
say. and we expected a scorcher from the
elder.
Well, we were not disappointed. He
preached us a moving discourse from the
text "MJC owe no man anything. At the
close of the sermon, he came at once to
the subject in hand.
" Brethren,"• said he,"have you paid
Brother anything this year? Noth
ing at all, I understand. AVell, now your
preacher can't live on air, and you must
pay up —pay up, that's the idea. He
needs twenty-five dollars now, and must
have it! Steward, we'll take up a collec
tion now."
Here someof the audience nearthe door
began to slide out.
" Don't run ! don't run !" exclaimed
the elder "Steward, lock that door, and
fetch me the key 1" he continued, coming
down out of the pulpit and taking his seat
by the stand table in front.
The Steward locked the door, and then
deposited the key on the table by the side
of the elder.
" Now, Steward," said he 1 "go round
with the hat. I must have twenty-five
dollars before you leave the house."
Here was a "fix." The eongrcgation
were taken aU aback. The oik folks look
ed astonished ; the young folks tittered.—
The Steward gravely proceeded in the dis
charge of his official duties.
The hat was passed around, and at
length deposited 011 the elder's table.—
The elder poured "the funds" on the ta
ble, and counted the amount.
" Three dollars and a half!" A slow
start, brethren ! Go around again, Stew
ard. We must pull up a heap stronger
than that!"
Around went'the Steward with his hat
again, and finally pulled up at the elder's
stand.
" Nine dollars and three quarters. Not
enough yet. Go round again, Steward."
Around goes the Steward the third
" Twelve dollars and a half!— Mighty
slow, brethren ? "Fraid your dinners will
all get cold before you get home to eat
them ! Go round again, Steward !"
By this time the audience began to be
fidgety. They evidently thought the joke
was getting to be serious. But the elder
was relentless. Again and again circula
ted the indefatigable hat. and slowly but
•irely, the pile" mi the table swelled to
ward the requisite amount.
" Twenty-four dollars and a half. Only
lack half a dollar. Go round again. Stew
ard."
Just then there was a tap on the win
dow from the outside ; a hand was thrust
iIP holding a half dollar between a thumb
and finger, and a young fellow outside ex
claimed :
" Here, Parson, here's your money. —
Let my gal out o' there ! I'm tired of
waiting fos her."
It was '-the last hair that broke the
camels back," and-the preacher could ex
claim in the language of Ike Turile, '-This
'ere meetin is done."
STRAY SHOT. —There is no adhesivela
bcl like a nick-name!— Waiting for dead
men's shoes is, in most measures, a boot
less affair! Ladies generally shop in
couples. When a lady has any money to
spend, she dearly loves to take a friend
with her to see herspeud it! The num
ber of poor poets is, if anything, greater
than the number of poets who are poor!
Bad words, like bad shillings, are oft
en brought home to the person who has
uttered them ! Life, we are told, is a
journey; and, to see the way in wliich
some people, eat, you would iiaagiue they
were taking in provisions to last them the
whole of the journey!
For the Citizen.
| THE BURIAL OF ALARIC THE VISIGOTH.
The evening dew was gathering damp,
The flam** was flickering in the lamp,
When In the rude barbarian's camp.
Did Mors come unsolicited.
For at the middle watch of night,
When heaven, with stars was spangled bright,
And Cynthia cast her sombre light—
Alaric died convulsively.
They dressed him in silken eown;
They stretched him on a bed of down—
Upon his brow they placed a crown,
And sang for him a requiem.
The captive ranked In dread arrav,
Stood trembling at the break of day,
Beside the stream that rolled away
Forward to the sea triumphantly.
Th*n came the fiery Gothic braves,
And cried, wade in Roman slaves,
And backward turu the turbid waves
Of river Busentinus.
With sack* of sand and massive stone's,
Beneath which weight each captive groans,
In middle stroarn with sighs and moans,
They formed a great triangle,
That curbed the turbid waters might;
That tunied it to the left and right,
And sent it in its giddy flight,
In sister streams voluptuously.
Then in the ape* of the cone
Thus formed, they hewed in solid stone
A sepulchre, and one alone,
To hold the mighty conqueror.
Whose powerful arm! did once create,
A terror in the Roman State;
A breach that none could renovate,
Save Death's own idiosyncrasy.
Then to the tomb they slowly wound
Their way o'er that first trodden ground,
While Roman hills gave back the sound
Of their strange mohrnful melody.
They laid his body in it* grave,
And piled theirgold upon the bravo.
An offering to the wolcome wave,
And to the Gothic deity.
The train from out the channel drew.
And bade Hie trembling captive crew
Their work of toil and pain undo,
And give the wave its liberty.
Then worked they all with horror rife—
The breaking waves dashed o'er in strife,
And wended tnany*a precious life.
Adown to dark oblivion.
And those who reached the shore again,
By thirsty vis'goth blades were slain;
Tney spilt their bl«»od like April rain,
To keop that tomb a secrecy.
In secrecy OM dark ns night
It rests, far never yet to light,
Has beeu bro't the chosen eite
Of fierce Alaric's sepulchro.
Penn tp., Jan. 1,1864 L W.
WIT AID WISDOW.
PLAYED OUT. —Driving the Republican
party from power.
W HAT cravat would nicely fit on South
ern necks-or-nothings? Russia hemp.
A SICK cobbler must be regarded as be
ing well when ho begins to mend.
CROTCHETS are very well in a music
box, but bad" in people's heads.
OK all the dlist thrown in men's eyes,
gold dust is the most blinding.
WHAT do we often drop, yet never
stoop to pick up ? A hint. .
POETRY aud consumption are the most
flattering of diseases.
THE paper containing many fine points
—the paper of pins.
WHAT are excellent overcoats for stor
my weather? Cos-sacks.
" JUST let me. catch you at it," as the
man said to the mouse when ho had set
the trap.
THOSE who, before a glass, look most
at themselves, arc apt to know least of
themselves.
" I'D just like to see you," as the blind
man said to the policeman when he told
him he would take him to the station
house if he did not move on.
" MAN,"says Adam Smith, " is an ani
mal that makes bargains. No other ani
mal does this; no dog exchanges bones
with another."
AN old lady, being at a loss for a pin
cushion, made one of an onion. On the
following morning she found that all the
needles had tears in their eyes.
A CERTAIN sign board has the following
classical inscription : —" All persons found
fyghteing or trespussing on this ground
will be executed with the utmost wigger
of the law."
THERE are many people who cannot get
rid of the notion that they have a private
property in truth, with the right to fence
Tt in and put up a signboard- warning all
trespassers from the ground.
WHEN you see a gentleman at mid
night, sitting on the stoop in front of his
house, combing his hair with the door
scraper. then you may conclude that he
has been out to some evening party.
A BIBLE and a good newspaper in eve
ry house, a good school in every district,
and all appreciated as they should be, are
the support of virtue, morality, civil
crty and pure religion.
AT a lecture of Bayard Taylor's, a lady
wished for a seat, when a portly, luind
some gentleman brought one. and seated
her. " Oh", you're a jewel," said she.—
" Oh, no," he replied, " I'm a jeweler—l
have just tet the jewel!"
AN imaginative Irishman gave utter
ance to this lamantation : " I i«.4urned
to the halls of my fathers by night, and I
found them in ruins! I cried aloud," my
fathers,where are they ?"and echo respond
ed, " la that you, Pathrick McGlathery?"
A WINDY Orator once got up and said:
" Sir, after much reflection, consideration,
and examination, I have calmly, deliber
ately, and carefully come to the determin
ed conclusion, 'that in those cities where
the population is very large, there are a
greater number of men, women and chil
dren than in cities where the population
ii lw.
Army Correspondence.
For the Citizen.
A!*SAPOUS, MD. Jan. 26,1894.
MESSRS. EDITORS:—I received the
copies of the American Citizen which you
sent me, and am happy to congratulate you
in your noble work ; for in your hands, I
trust the American Citiien will ever be a
truly conservative member of society. By
the word conservative, I mean not cling
ing with the grasp of death to the ac
knowledged barbarism of departed ages,
but I mean by the word conservative, the
man who is for progress; and the history
of all past ages proves that the truly con
servative party were the party of prog
ress. And yet' in the free State of Penn
sylvania, we find those who have clung to
the sinking relics of barbarism, until they
have brought their country to the verge
of ruin, merely because they thought it
was conservative, to save that, which, but
for their superhuman effort, wou d have
sunk long ago beneath the waves of pro
gress, that grow the purer by their own
action.
It is enough to bleed a heart of stone
to see the thousands slain, to see this tem
ple of liberty almost wrecked, to see the
misery caused by blind mortals, calling
themselves conservative and democratic,
striving to keep afloat the pulrid carcass
which the irresistible tide of progress had
long ago marked for the grave of oblivion ;
but they clung to it until the feasted
worms of the' cadaver rebelled against
their unholy and unnatural ernbraee, and
then they clung with a still more Hl,natu
ral embrace to the worms of rebellion
themselves, until the putrid carcass falls
off by piecemeal, and their end is near at
baud.
Notwithstanding the assertion of Judge
Woodward, that the conservative party of
Pennsylvania must rise in their might and
assert the rights of the slaveholder. The
institution in Maryland is about to sink
forever; the only question with them now
is, how thoy shall let goof slavery, be
fore it lets goof them. Once again I
point the party who supported Judge
Woodward, to this fact, and ask them if
their hearts ever felt compunction! 1 If
they do not feel the blush of sliame upon
viewing the action of the Border States ?
But I weep when I think of the innocent
blood that has been shed to teach this par
ty that the conservative party, was the
party of progress. How may times more
in this world will this lesson of history
have to be repeated.
But I do not desiro to say much at pres
ent. There was a time when I could plead
with this people, and did with an earnests
ness, those blind to the issue, called fanat
ical. But now the world breathes freer,
for the contest has been fought, and the
results are before us. Slavery sinks, and
with her, goes down her faithful master,
Democracy; the ship of State floats grace
fully onward, and now woe unto the man
who, deaf to the voice of God, has placed
himself in the path of his country, and
tho progress of humanity ; the last death
knell of rebellion will soon be sounded;
and then " he that is filthy let him be fil
thy still." And sooner will the stars of
heaven fail to shine, than the soldiers of
Pennsylvania shall fail to do ample justice
to all her unfaithful.
A UNION SOLDIER.
How TO RUIN A SON.—I. Let him
have his own way. 2. Allow hitn free
use of money. 3. Suffer him to rove
where he pleases on Sabbath. 4. Give
him full success to his wicked compan
ions. 5. Call him to no account for his
evenings. .6 Furnish him with no stated
employment. Pursuceitherof these ways
and you will experience a most marvelous
deliverance, or will have to mourn over a
debased and ruined child. Thousands have
realized the sad result, and have gone
mourning to the grave.
A TOPER'S OBJECTION TO WATER.—
An old toper was urged to drink the bev
erage prepared by God himself to nourish
and invigorate his creatures, and beautify
his footstool.
" No," said the toper, ' Water is dan
gerous—very. It drowns people—it gets
into theirchest—into their heads, water on
the brain for instance. And then too, it
makes that infernal steam, what's allers
blowin' a feller up. Water! No, I will
drink none on't, let them drink it what
likes." _ _
fair A Turkish enthusiast at Constan
tinople lately cut off two yards of the tele
graphic wire, which he brought to his
house in the hope of being the first to
know the news. \Vhen taken up for the
offence, he admitted the fact, and said that
all he wanted to learn was the fall of Se
bastopool. Another Turk cut the wire in
two in order to see if the interior was hol
low. _
t&T Consider whence thou comest,
whither thou gocst, and before whom thou
art to »tand.
from the Uniou Herald.
Radical Union Leagues.
The Boston Traveller says that Union
Leagues, pledged to the total eradication
of negro slavery in the United States, are
multiplying throughoutMassachusetts,and
are receiving large accessions of members.
In the opinion of well informed persons,
(says tho Traveller,) similar Union Leagues
in the Northern States are already strong
enough to carry tho next Presidential
election.
A Springfield (111.) letter, published in
the St. Louis Rrpublitan of the 30th ult.
gives a full exposition of tho ceremonies,
passwords, etc., of the Union Leagues, as
derived " from a correct and literal copy
of tho Ritual adopted by the National
Convention of the Unio"n League of Amer
ica, at Cleveland, on the 21st day of May,
A. D. 18G3, duly certifiod to by the sig
nature of J. M. Edwards, G. P., and W.
It. Irwin, G. R. S." This work is de
scribed by a pamphlet of three by four
inches, containing twenty pages. - The
oath administered to initiates is as follows|:
" I, A B , do solemnly swear,
(or affirm,) in the presence of these wit
nesses, that I have never voluntarily borne
arms against the United States since I
have been a citizen thereof; that I will
support, protect, and defend the Constitu
tion and Government of the United States,
and the flag thereof, against all enemies,
foreign and domestic ; and that I will bear
true faith and allegiance to tho same; and
that I will also defend this State against
any invasion, insurrection, or rebellion, to
the extent of my ability. This I freely
pledge without mental reservasion or eva
sion. Furthermore, that I will do all in my
power to elect true and reliable Union men
and supporters of the Government, and
none others, to all offices of profit or trust
from the lowest to the highest, in ward,
town, county, State, and General Govern
ment. And should I ever be called to fill
any office, I will faithfnlly carry out the
objects and principles of this League.—
And, furthermore, that I will protect, aid,
and defend all worthy members of the
Union League. And, further, I will nev
er mako known in any way or manner, to
any person or pcro#fe, not members of the
Union League, any of tho signs, pass
words, proceedings, debates, or plans of
this or any other Council under this organ
ization except when engaged in admitting
new members into this League. And
with my hand upon tho Iloly Bible, Dec
laration of Independence, and tho Consti
tution of the United States of America,
under the seal of my sacred honor, I ac
kmiwledge'niysclf firmly bound and pledg
ed to the faithful performance of this my
solemn obligation. So help nje God."
This oath having been taken " with
clasped and uplifted hands," all repeat
the " freeman's pledge," as follows :
" To defend and perpetuate Freedom,
the Union, I pledge my life, my fortune,
and my sacred honor. So help me God."
A " patriotic ode" is then sung, a num
ber of which are given in tho ritual. The
following stanza from one of tho " patri
otic odes" will suffice to illustrate the an
imus of the whole:
" In the beauty of tbe '.lilies Christ was borne across the
With a glory io bis boeom tbat transfigure* you *nJ m-i.
As Lo diod to make mon holy, let us die to mako mec
While God is marching on.**
ONE OF THE GOLDEN YOUTH.—A Ger
man poet compared life to a vast forest full
of young and vigorous trees, in the midst
of which a wood-cutter is strolling. At
first the forest is still, dense and flourish
ing; but the wood-cutter's axe continues
to strike its incessant blows scattering
death all around it. The trees fall one by
one, this one first and then another; where
their trunks stood close together the light
begins to break through; here and there
broad vacant spaces grow larger and larg
er, soon the regretful eye counts tho vic
tims by hundreds. The axe pursues its
work of destruction ; it assaults the oaks
which still remain erect, hurls them down
and widens the vacant space. Its blows
redouble in speed, and you might almost
fancy that, like a good workman, it was
anxious to finish its task before the close
of day. In the morning the forest was as
dense and tufted as a meadow where the
grass grows luxuriantly; by evening it is
a bare expanse. AVith but another hour
and the last tree will have fallen.
That forest is youth with its many
friends; that wood-cutter is deuth. It
never wearies of its blows, and by the time
that age has come; when the first wrink
les furrow the pensive brow, what gaps
are already visible, and how many of those
we loved best are gone! First one died in
•he very flower of youth, her forehead
decked in its flaxen curls, and she smiling
still upon life, her heart still brimming
with joyous anticipations. Then another
followed ; and then another ; a fourth fell
suddenly, and in the very pride of his
strength. Death strikes on, and soon we
BO longer count those we havo lost; we
think of them sometimes, and those who
remain last have their memories hill of
phantoms which beckon them to hasten.
NUMBER 9.
The Position of Woman,
The Westminister Review contains an
article on the positions occupied by woman
in different nations, from which we derive
the following:
The Mahometans all believe that a wo
man has no soul. This is not taught in
the Koran, but is countenanced by the
fact that in tho Prophet's Paradise, hou
ries are given to the faithful instead of
their earthly wives. The Chinese make
slaves of their women in this world, and
deny them anyhopeof compensation here
after. M. Hue states that the Chinese wo
men, in the southern provinces, have form
ed a sect called " Abstincnts," who livo
wholly on vegetables. They think that
after death, if tjiey havo been faithful to
their vows of abstinence, they will roturn
to life as men. In Western Australia,
female children are always betrothed a few
day3 after their birth. Should the first
husband die before the girl attains to ma
turity, she belongs to his heir. Ip New
Zealand, if a girl's future husband should
die, no other man can make a proposal to
her. Among the Hindoos, widows may
not marry again. In China, parents bar
gain for tho marriage of their children
whilo they are yet unborn. The New
Hollanders steal their wives, and if a wo
man attempts to escape from her cap
tor, he at once thrusts a spear through the
fleshy part of her leg or thigh.
Of all the methods of obtaining a wife,
that of purchase is the most universal.—
It it practised by tho Africans; by the
black and brown races of tho Archipela
go, and by nearly all the nations of Asia.
The Circassian women prefer boing sent to
Constantinople and sold. Six girl's, in
tended to be sold as slaves, were taken
from a Turkish vessel recently by thoßus-'
sians. They were informed that they could
either marry Russiansor Cossacks,of their
own free choice, or bo taken to Germany
—or lastly be sold at Constantinople.—
Without a moment's consideration they
exclaimed; y To Constantinople to be
sold J"
In Siam and Cochin China, men invari
ably purchase their wires; but the women
have one privilege—the parents cannot
sell them against their will. In Japan,
presents are made to the brido. who trans
lers them to her relatives to defray the ex
pense and trouble tlioy incurred in bring
ing her up. In China, a woman is sold
without being consulted on the subject, and
has to obey every one in the family of her
purchaser without exception. Iler hus
band can strike her, sell her, and even let
her out for a longer or shorter period. A
large number of women are thus driven to
suicide; when the husband manifests a
great deal of emotion, being under the ne
cessity of having another wife.
Truly woman, even more than man,
should be the warm supporterof Christian
ity, and all institutions based upon Justice
and Freedom. For wherever there are
Heathenism and injustice, she is the great
est sufferer.
IMPORTANT EXPEDITION,
The Chicago Journal , of Tuesday, has
the following important intelligence :
For some time past we have been with
holding the information we were prompt
ly putin possession of, as to a grand move
ment of our forces southward from Cairo,
to be swelled by accessions at other points,
until it should leave Vicksburg in great
strength, for a blow at some point in reb
eldom. We are not permitted to re
lease the bond of secresy required on pru
dential grounds, but enough has been
leaking out through the dispatches,
to indicate very much as to the nature
of the movement, and guide conjecture as
to its destination. It left Cairo powerful
in numbers on a fleet of tansports. It was
strengthened at Columbus, and btill more
at Memphis, and the order of embarka
tion, for we "have it before us, shows that
the troops went down the river prepared
to remain. We are not forbidden to bor
row the hint from the rebel dispatches
elsewhere, received via Richmond, that
the expedition left the river at Vicksburg,
and struck off across the State of Missis
sippi. A movement on Jackson, the Black
river having been bridged by pontoons,
is stated as having already become ascer
tained. And what nqjt ? We doubt if
a glance at the map leaves much room for
hesitation in the matter. But the other
day we were told of a large Federal force
landed on the Gulf coast near Mobile.—
The fleet, too, has been made more formid
able off that point. Is it not likely that
the force under Gen. Sherman is now far
on its way to co-operate with Gen. Banks
and reduce that last rebel stronghold, the
only remaining rebel city on the Gulf t
The next news from that quarter will tell
us what we all wish to know
|£F*Thc day iis short; the labor
great; the workmen are lazy; the pay is
much; and the master of the house is ur-
K«nt.