(Mil 110 MAI H KiOW.
D. Have you read the Consti
tution of the United States?
R. Yes.
D. What form of Government
is this?
R. Republic.
D. What is the Constitution of
the United States?
R. It is the fundamental law of:
this country.
D. Who makes the laws of the
United States?
R. The Congress.
D. What does Congress consist
of?
R. Senate and House of Rep
resentatives.
D. Who is the chief executive
of the United States?
R. President.
|
D. How long is the President
of the United States elected?
f
R. 4 years.
D. Who takes the place of the
President in case he dies?
R. The Vice President.
D. What is his name?
R. Thomas R. Marshall.
D. By whom is the President of
the United States elected?
R. By the electors.
i
D. By whom are the electors
elcted ? e
R. By the people.
1). Who makes the laws for the
state of Pennsylvania.
R. The Legislature.
D. What does the Legislature
consist of?
R. Senate and Assembly.
D. How many State in the un- j
ion?
R. 48.
D. When was the Declaration
of Independence signed?
R, July 4, 1776.
D. By whom was it written?
R. Thomas Jefferson.
D. Which is the capital of the
United States?
R. Washington.
I). Which is the capital of the
state of Pennsylvania.
R. Harrisburg.
D. How many Senators has
each state in the United States
Senate?
R. Two.
D. By whom are they elected?
R. By the people.
D. For how long?
R. 6 years.
D. How many representatives
are there ? ..
R. 435. According to the pop
ulation one to every 211.000, (the!
ratio fixed by Congress after each
decennial census.)
D. For how long are they elect
ed?
R. 2 years.
D. How many electoral votes
has the state of Pennsylvania?
R. 38.
D. Who is the chief executive
of the state of Pennsylvania ?
R. The Governor.
D. For how long is he elected?;
rfc. 4 years.
D. Who is the Governor?
R. Brumbaugh.
D. Do you believe in organized
government ?
! R. Yes.
i
[ D. Are you opposed to organiz- j
|-.d government?
R. No.
D. Are you an anarchist?
R. No.
D. What is an anarchist?
R. A person who does not be
ieve in organized government.
D. Are you a bigamist or poll- j
gamist ?
R. No.
D. What is a bigamist or poly-!
gam ist ?
R One who believes in having
mor. than one wife.
D. Do you belong to any secret;
Society who teaches to disbelieve j
in organized government?
R. No.
| D. Have you ever violated any I
h vvp of the United States?
R. No.
D. Who makes the ordinances]
for the City ?
R. The board of Aldermen.
D. Do you intend to remain;
permanently in the U. S. ?
R. Yes.
The Day Not Set.
Ethel—Oh, I am so happy! George
and I have made up.
Lena—And what day have you fixed
upon for your marriage?
i Ethel—Oh, we haven't quarreled over
j that yet!— Judge.
I
Clever Scheme.
"Blink's wife seems to be quite a mu
sician."
"Yes, she is a line pianist"
"How does she keep in practice when
she is away from home?"
"She carries a large muff."
"What for?"
"Just to keep her baud in!"— Pear
son's Weekly.
Ypres In England.
We have the name of Ypres in Eng
land—in that of the Ypres tower at
Rye, in Sussex, though local talk
knows nothing of its proper pronunci
ation and broadly calls it the "Wipers
tower." It is a twelfth century build
ing, the oldest secular building of all
the Cinque ports, and was at one time
the only stronghold of the town, though
later walls and gates were built. The
reason for its name is to be found in
the commonly accepted statement that
it was built by William des Ypres.
earl of Kent. Ixmdou Globe.
"Is It Possible?"
Prince George of Denmark was nick
named Est-il-possible by James 11. It
is said that when the startling events
of the revolution of 1688 succeeded one
another with breathless rapidity the
emotions of Prince George found vent
in the repeated exclamation. "Est-il
possible?" King James, enumerating
| those who had forsaken him. said,
1 "And Est-il-possible has gone tool"
I
I
A Lamblike Lion.
"Well, did you have that social Hon
at your reception that you were tell
ing me about?"
"Oh. yes. He was there."
"And did he roar?"
"No. His wife was also present, and
he could only bleat*'—Birmingham
Age-Herald.
Meek Reproach.
Lady (who has given tramp a plate
of scraps)— You mu3t feel the humilia
tion of begging for food. Tramp—lt's
not tlwit so much. mem. What hurts
me is that I'm depriving the pore ln
nercent fowls of a feed.—London Tele
graph.
How to Throw the Spitball.
1 A spitball is thrown just opposite to
an ordinary curve. Instead of giving
the rotary motion with the fingers, it
is given with the thumb. The thumb
is placed firmly against a seam, and
the saliva is applied to the ball be
neath the fingers. The ball is thrown
overhanded, and slipping easily from
beneath the moistened fingers, but
gripped firmly by the thumb against
! the seam, a sharp rotary motion is giv
en to the ball. When properly thrown
a sharp break is secured, the direction
of the break depending upon the angle
!at which the ball is released. The ball
; is controlled by the thumb.—American
| Boy.
Reading History.
He who reads history learns to dis
tinguish what is local from what is
1 universal, what is transitory from
I what is eternal; to discriminate be
tween exceptions and rules, to trace
i the operation of disturbing causes, to
separate the general principles which
are always true and everywhere ap
plicable from the accidental circum
stances with which in every commu
nity they are blended and with which,
i in an isolated community, they are
confounded by the most philosophical
mind. Hence it is that in generalization
the writers of modern times have far
surpassed those of antiquity.—Macau
lay.
Aluminium.
Since the Centennial exposition an
entirely new industry in mining and
I metallurgy has been developed through
the production of aluminium. No alu
minium was produced on a commercial
scale in 1876.
His Occupation.
"What does your father do?"
"Whatever mother tells him."
"I mean what's h;n occupation?"
,4 Oh. his occupation! Pa's a confla
gration ejector; puts out fires, you
know." —Boston Transcript.
DARING COSSACKS
Russian Rough Riders an Old and
Famous Body.
ONCE KNIGHTS OF FREEDOM.
i
In Former Times They Were Known
Entirely as Defenders of the Poor and
the Oppressed—Deadly as Marksmen
and Experts With the Sword.
The popular conception of the Rus
sian Cossack is a whiskered atrocity
who rides with the speed of the wind,
comes to do acts of pillage and of ra
pine and then goes back again into the
bosom of the tall grass from which be
came. By many he is supposed to be
long to a legendary tribe whose history
6tretches back into the blackness of
the dark ages from which he has not
yet emerged.
No; the Cossack is in many respects
like the simple Russian peasant. In
others he is like the cowboy of the
western plains, whose home is as much
In the saddle as in his own village.
Far from being oppressors, the Cos
sacks were once known entirely as the
defenders of the poor and the wrong
ed. They belonged to an order of rus
tic chivalry, the Kazachestvo, the
Knights of Freedom.
The name Kazak is of Tartar origin
and means "Freeman." It was applied
to men driven from the more settled
countries and who under the blue sky
rode without the trammel of tradition,
without the interference of kings, po
tentates and powers. There was a time
when nobles laid heavy hand upon the
subject and human life was held iu
small account.
The thirteenth and the fourteenth
centuries saw the Cossacks developed
into communities living in the neigh
borhood of the river Dnieper and rid
ing hither and thither to keep watch
and ward over the domain of the em
peror.
The cowboy guards of the great
southwest in this country, who are
> now disappearing from our American
life, are Cossacks in spirit. When they
become cavalrymen, Texas Rangers or
rough riders they are American Cos
sacks.
There were some criminals among
the Cossacks, but once they had en
rolled in the Cossack legions they left
1 behind them all their past. Some were
exiles for political reasons, others had
been hunted for taking into their own
hands the avenging of wrongs. And
what avails a name after all? When
the officers of the state came inquiring
into the Cossack encampments for De
metri this and Ivan that nothing was
known of them at all, for the Cossacks
permitted men to divest themselves of
former titles and to begin the free life
with a new nomenclature. To them
the newcomer were "Big Nose," "Yel
low Buttons" or some other nicknamed
comrade.
While other persons paid taxes the
Cossack was subject to no such incon
venient levy. His share was paid by
the power of his sword and his pistols.
; He insisted always that he was not to
be assessed, but that he should give
j his military service when Russia re
quired it of him.
When the Cossack communities were
first formed they were inhabited only
by men. The Kazachestvo took vows
!of celibacy. It was an order that lived
i like anchorites and fought like demons.
> As the ages have passed there have
been many changes. The Cossacks
have families and their own home life.
At first, however, young and daring
youths were sent out to ride with the
Cossacks, and there was no system of
chivalry more punctilious than was thi>
' government of the men of the steppes.
1 Offenses that involved violation of
their vows or the ill treatment of the
i weak and the oppressed were punLshed
with death. The sentences were quick
ly imposed and executed.
Cowboy justice and Cossack rule an*
the same in principle.
The dress of the Cossack has become
more or less conventional as the years
have gone. We see him in the long
coat of brown or of green, with the
great lambskin cap on Lis head, with
strong beits containing cartridges about
his waist. He shows the influence of
military training. The Cossack of to
day is a model of elegance compared
with what he used to be. He seized
garments covered with gold lace, coats
of silks and sable and smeared them
with mire and tallow to show bis su
preme disregard for fine trappings. lie
wore coarse garb, but in the care of
his weapons the Cossack has always
been punctilious.
His markmanship was deadly and
accurate, even when riding at full
speed, as that of the cowboys of the
western United States. The Cossack 3
have been expert swordsmen for cen
turies. Their proficiency in arms came
from their environment. The steppes
in which they sought their livelihood
were covered with grass often so high
only the head and shoulders of the rid
ers appeared above the top of it. Game
was abundant in those thick tangles:
fruit could be obtained easily; the riv
ers teemed with fish. The wnnts of
the Cossacks were few and simple
They could do with much or little. A
slice of horseflesh carried under the
saddle to keep it warm was a ration
fit to be called a luxury.—New York
Herald.
Shows It.
Knicker—Does your wife understand
the use of leftovers? Bocker—Yes: she
is constantly pointing out to me how
she might have married them.—Judge
Idleness is the beginning of all vice®.
—German Proverb.
"""
I Upon Him Rests Burden ot
; Drafting Reply to Note
V * jjy:
Photo by American Press Association.
ROBERT LANSING,
Secretary of State.
j— ,
TROUSER MAKERS STRIKE
Ten Thousand Men Walk Out In New
York City.
New York, July 13. —Ten thousand
men who make trousers are on strike 1
aere. According to an official of the
Amalgamated Garment Workers of
America this means a reduction in the
output of t'oo,ooo pairs of trousers a
day.
The troubles of the pantmakers are
entirely separate from those of the In
ternational Garment Workers' union.
If the threatened strike of operatives
in the latter organization develops x
dearth of women's clothes w ! ii result, '
but both employers and employees arc
hopeful that this will be averted.
Much confidence is placed in the
mayor's conciliation board, which is in
session today.
There is less optimism among the
manufacturers of men's garments and
the operatives. There seemed pros
pects that within a few days the strike
may spread to all workers of men's
clothes and even invade, though not
to a great extent, the realm of work
ers of women's clothing. In that case
approximately 75,000 persons would
. be affected.
GERARD SIGNED WILSON NOTE
Berlin Papers Disclose Fact, Which
Causes Comment. , i
New York, July 13. —Copies of Ger
• man newspapers which have reached
New York disclose the interesting fact
that the second Lusitania note sent
by President Wilson to the Berlin gov
ernment was signed by the American
ambassador in Berlin, James W. Ge
rard. This shows that the American
notes thus are handed to the Berlin
foreign office by the American repre
sentative in the German capital.
It is recalled in contrast with this
that the German reply to President
Wilson's note was signed, as all
j previous ones, by Herr von Jagow, the
German minister of foreign affairs,
; and that they were not sent through
the German embassy at Washington.
This gives rise to speculation as to
whether the German ambassador,
• Count von Bernstorff, is being inten
tionally ignored, either ty request
from Washington, or upon the de
cision of Wilhelmstrasse itself.
WILL BUILD SUBMARINES
Two Large Concerns Will Begin
Building Undersea Craft.
Washington, July 13. Formal
notice has been received by the secre
i tary of the navy that the New York
■ Shipbuilding company and the New
port Shipbuilding company, two of the
largest concerns of the kind in the
United States, are about to go into th
business of constructing submarines.
The news aroused great inteies
among naval officials because it prob
ably means broader developments in
this type of war vessels. At present
there are only two submarine build
ing companies in this country. That
there is room for more is indicated
by an apparent determination on the
part of the present administration for
the department to ask congress to
greatly enlarge the submarine flotillas
of the a™griran mv.
T ruth.
Truth does not change. What cbanjvr:
Is merely our understanding of the
eternal fact—Youth's Companion.
Animal Etiquette.
No one who is at all observant of
the ways of animals can have failed
to notice how gentle large dogs, like
the St Bernard and the Great Dane,
are to their smaller canine fellows. It
is rare that a big dog turns upon one
of the little fellows, no matter how
aggravating and snappy the latter may
be. Instead, he invariably treats the
small dog's antics with unruffled and
dignified tolerance. For there is a
recognized code of etiquette among
animals, if you please, quite as much
as there is among human beings. In
truth, there are not a few respects in
which the animals can give points on
politeness and good behavior to man
himself.
f 1 V
In Wartime
Now strikes the honr upon the clock.
The black sheep may rebuild the years®
May lift the father's pride he broke.
And wipe away his mother's tears.
To him the mark for thrifty scorn.
God hath another chance to giv;
Sets In his heart a flame newborn
By which his muddled soul may live.
This is the day of the prodigal.
The decent people's shame and grief;
When bo shall make amends for all.
The war to glory's bloody and brief.
Clean from his baptism of blood.
New from the lire he springs again.
In shining armor, bright and good.
Beyond the wise h#iue keeping men.
Somewhere tonight—no tears be shed!
With shaking hands they turn the sheet
To And his name among the dead-
Flower of the army and the fleet.
They tell with proud and stricken face
Of his white boyhood far away—
Who talked of trouble or disgrace?
"Our splendid son is dead!" they say.
—Katharine Tynan In British Review.
SAYS BALLAST SHIFTING
CAUSED WRECK OF F-4.
Holland Pointed Out Danger, but
Wasn't Heeded, Son Says.
John P. Holland, Jr., whose father
| built, at the old Crescent shipyards lu
Elizabeth. N. J., the first Holland sub
marine, says that if the government
had heeded his father ten years ago the
1 F-4 disaster in Honolulu harbor proba
bly would have been avoided. Mr. Hoi-
I
land assumes that shifting caused the
wreck of the F-4. Flans of construc
tion which would avoid this evil were
submitted by Mr. Holland to the gov
ernment.
"In 1907 my father submitted to the
government a plan for a submarine
which embodied all his previous experi
ence with the underwater vessel. It
was ideal in every way," declared Mr.
Holland. "At that time he took occa
sion to point out some of the defects
in the construction of submarines and
to warn the government against a seri
ous catastrophe, such as occurred in
the case of the F-4.
"One of the chief defects pointed out
by my father at that time was the ar
rangement of the ballast tanks. Be.
cause of the faulty position of the tanks
the boats would dive unexpectedly
when the center of gravity was sud
denly shifted. Should the boot be run
ning partly submerged with the tank
partially full, any movement in the
boat, such as the raising of the bow
or stern on a wave, would cause sh
water iu the ballast tanks, in obedi
ence to the laws of gravity, to shift for
ward or backward, upsetting the grav*_
ty of the boat. As a consequence tlie
boat would be rendered beyond the con
trol of the crew. Should the boat be
running submerged, with her ballast
tanks full, the same dive would be
caused by shifting of the oil in the par
tially filled fuel tanks. This, beyond
doubt, accounted for the sudden dive
of the F-4.
"In order to overcome a situation of
this kind, my fattier had on his boat
an apparatus designed to expel the wa
ter from the ballast tanks in a few
| moments. Even if the boat were at a
very great depth it would rise imme
diately to the surface. This idea was,
however, vetoed by submarine experts
of the government."
METEOR SEEN BY DAYLIGHT.
Bhot Across Sky From West to East
Near Sundown.
The first meteor New York ever saw
by daylight visited the city at exactly
5:30 o'clock on March 30. Though not
as brilliant as nocturnal fliers, it was
beautiful and startling because of its
size, and as the twil'ght was descend
ing the train of the meteor shone, spur
; kled, scintillated and glowed In the
full pride of its mightiness. Its head
was easily remindful of what a 42 cen
timeter shell should look like as it goes
flying through the air.
The meteor shot across the sky from
west to east as one saw it from the
financial district It was visible for
about twenty degrees, and its train re
mained in sight for a couple of seconds.
The head seemed about twenty times
the size of Venus. It was chiefly a
glowing white with a bluish gray bor
der. The train did not spread out like
that of a comet, but graduated to nar
rower proportions and evanesced into
atmospheric nothingness.
It looked to observers as if it were
too big to burn out before reaching the
earth. It shot through the sky at a a
angle of about twelve degrees and was
about fifteen degrees above the earth
when its fascinating brilliancy disap
peared.
SHE'S WORLD'S BEST COW.
Freison Fayne Gives Eleven Tons of
Milk In Year.
The revised figures of an official test
of 365 days at the Finderne farm of the
Somerset Holstein Breeders' company
of Somerville, X. J., show that Freison
Fayne is the world's greatest cow. In
the year she gave 24.600 pounds of
milk, containing 1.116 pounds of but
ter.
The previous world's record for a
Holstein cow was 81.600 pounds of
milk and that of a Guernsey 24,004
pounds of rnilk. But the value of the
milk is based on its butter, and Frei
son Fayne has produced 105 pound*
more butter than either of the prevfcw
world's record cows. parie del . tutte le citta'del moli-'.'
wK mondo con la massima i : : j (^<s, migliore^
IFARMERS BANKI
! OF INDIANA, PA. f
% Fondata nei ÌS7£> '*■
V Capitale versato e Surplus $440.000 *- ;
|p IMERESSi 4 o>o
l'Sotto la protezione dello Stato della Pennsylvania