Surgeon General of the Unit
ed States Navy
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Copyright by Clineainst.
SWISS MILITARY SYSTEM.
.Teats All Youths Must Pass Before
They Become Soldiers.
The Swiss system is ultra militaristic
and probably would never be accept
able to the United States. But it is
Interesting, nevertheless, as indicating
bow the problem of defense has been
met and apparently solved by the earn
est and patriotic people of a republic
like our own.
The Swiss system Is compulsory and
begins with the early schooling of each
boy. He does not drill or handle fire
arms, however, until he is twenty years
old, when he reports to federal au
thorities for physical and literary ex
amination. lie must be able to read
and write and figure, and answer ques
tions in elemental Swiss history and
geography.
The physical tests require that the
applicant shall cover at least eight feet
In a running jump, lift a weight of
thirty-seven pounds in both bands at
least four times, and run eighty yards
in fourteen seconds.
Those who fail in these tests are
given an extension of time for further
training, not to exceed four years, and
if physically disqualified at the end
of that period they are obliged to pay
a tax, or to take some assigned posi
tion which they can fill.—Kansas City
Journal.
The Sixteenth Century Carver.
At the formal banquet of the six
teenth century the man who carved
the meat was bound with the red tape
of precedent. When carving for distin
guished guests he had to remember
that certain parts of the birds or meat
must be set aside. In carving for his
lord and lady he was expected to exer
cise great discretion in the size of the
pieces he sent round, "for ladies will
be soon angry and their thoughts
soon changed, and some lords are soon
pleased and some not, as they be of
complexion." He was expected to have
the rules both of the kitchen and the
peerage at his knife's end. A pike, for
Instance, must be dished up whole for
a lord and in slices for commoner folk.
The rank of his diners, too, determined
whether a pig was to be served up
whole, sliced, plain or with gold leaf
Or whether new bread or bread three
Clays old should be srten.
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOfif
© JUST A FEW THINGS THAT O
O ONE SMALL GIRL CAN DO. §
o o
° Accomplishments of twelve- £
o year-old Winifred Sackville Sto- o
c ner of Pittsburgh, who has in- °
c terested scientists in several o
q countries: o
© Reads, writes and speaks eight o
§ languages. g
o Has written French verse, a o
q suffrage book entitled "A Plea to £
o Gallant Knights" and magazine °
o and newspaper short stories, hav- o
o ing began this work in her fifth °
© o
o year. o
o Taught a class in Esperanto at
o the Carnegie institute in Pitts- q
o burgh. o
o Made the first translation of o
g "Mother Goose" rimes into Es- o
o peranto. o
® Has memorized several of Cic- o
o ero's orations and parts of Hor- %
£ ace, Livy, Sallust and Caesar. o
o Plays the piano, violin, guitar o
g and mandolin. g
© Illustrates her own writings. o
£ Can swim, cook, row, drive an g
o auto, box, ride a horse and play o
9 baseball. o
w o
oooooooooooooooooooooooodO
Prohibitive.
"What's tbe matter, daugherF*
"Father, I want a duke."
"That can b$ arranged, my dear. 1
was afraid you might want a baseball
pitcher."—Baltimore Son.
There Is no fatigue so wearisome as
4hat which cornea from want of work.
•-Spurgeon, '
..The Indiana Macaroni Company..
OUR MACARONI
Can be Bought at the Following Stores:
The Cunningham Department Store, Steveson
Myers, Plotzer Meat Market.
They are FRESH. Made in Indiana
Fresh fruits
of all kinds,
at a reasona
ble price.
V eg-etable
and grocery.
FELIX & GUIDO
6th and Water St.
Questions Nil O M Cite 11 KM.
D. Have you read the Consti
tution of the United States?
R. Yes.
D. What form of Government
is this?
R. Republic.
D. What is the Constitution of
the United States?
R. It is the fundamental law of
this country.
D. Who makes the laws of the
United States?
R. The Congress.
D. What does Congress consist
of?
R. Senate and House of Rep
resentatives.
D. Who is the chief executive
J of the United States?
| R. President.
i D. How long is the President
of the United States elected?
R. 4 years.
D. Who takes the place of the
President in case he dies?
R. The Vice President.
D. What is his name?
R. Thomas R. Marshall.
D. By whom is the President of
the United States elected?
R. By the electors.
D. By whom are the electors
elcted? e
R. By the people.
D. Who makes the laws for the
state of Pennsylvania.
R. The Legislature.
D. What does the Legislature
consist of?
R. Senate and Assembly.
D. How many State in the un
ion?
R. 48.
D. When was the Declaration
of Independence signed?
R. July 4, 1776.
D. By whom was it written?
R. Thomas Jefferson.
D. Which is the capital of the
United States?
R. Washington.
D. Which is the capital of the
state of Pennsylvania.
R. Harrisburg.
D. How many Senators has
each state in the United States
i
Senate f
B. Two. 1 • *
*■;...¥ -• - •
D. By whom are they elected ?
R. By the people.
D. For how long?
R. 6 years.
D. How many representatives
are there ? ..
R. 435. According to the pop
ulation one to every 211,000, (the
ratio fixed by Congress after each
decennial census.)
D. For how long are they elect
ed?
R. 2 years.
D. How many electoral votes
has the state of Pennsylvania?
R. 38.
D. Who is the chief executive
of the state of Pennsylvania?
R. The Governor.
D. For how long is he elected?
R. 4 years.
D. Who is the Governor?
R. Brumbaugh.
D. Do you believe in organized
government ?
R. Yes.
D. Are you opposed to organiz
ed government?
R. No.
D. Are you an anarchist ?
R. No.
D. What is an anarchist?
R. A person who does not be
ieve in organized government.
D. Are you a bigamist or poli
gamist ?
R. No.
D. What is a bigamist or poly
gam ist?
R. One who believes in having
mora than one wife.
D. Do you belong to any secret
Society who teaches to disbelieve
in organized government?
R. No.
D. Have you ever violated any
lews of the United States?
R. No.
D. Who makes the ordinances
for the City ?
R. The board of Aldermen.
D. Do you intend to remain
permanently in the U. S.?
R. Yes.
~ " *
* e "
Best stores advertise in The
Patriot. . , J _
THE PATRIOT
I
ITALY HAS 2,065.000 MEN
READY FOR FIELD.
According to the latest reports
Italy's strength on land is as
follows:
Infantry. Ninety-four regi
ments of the line, two of grena
diers. twelve of bersaglieri and
eight of Alpine chasseurs, sixty
one of militia (landwehr) and
about 400.000 men in territorials
(laudsturm). Total, about 1,320.-
000 men.
Cavalry. Twenty-nine regi
ments. thirty-one squadrons of
militia and about 30.000 ter
ritorials. Total about 150.000.
Artillery. Twenty-four regi
ments of field artillery, one of
horse artillery, two of mountain
guns, three of coast and three of
garrison, with seventy-eight bat
teries of militia and 100 of ter
ritorials. Total about 450,000
men.
Signal corps, engineers, med
ical corps, commissary, etc..
about 143.000 men.
Aeroplanes, fourteen squadrons
of seven machines, ten dirigibles.
Grand total ready for field,
2.0G5.000 men.
|
SEES WORLD COURT
WITH "PUNCH" COMING.
John Hays Hammond Predicts Estab
lishment of Compulsory Arbitration.
At the conclusion of the world court
congress at Cleveland, John Hays
Hammond, the chairman, predicted
with confidence that the plan for a
world court with a "punch" behind it
to make arbitration obligatory instead
of optional was certain of adoption at
the end of the European war.
"There are many who are Inclined to
believe tiie movement visionary," said
Mr. Hammond. "These do not com
prelieud the information at the dispo
sal of the men fostering the idea.
"Assurances have come from all
sides, including representative men of
the nations now at war, that support
of the plan for a world court is sure to
come once the carnage in Europe has
ended. These assurances are authori
tative.
"While the congress has been in ses
sion we have received pledges of in
tended support to our plau from indi
viduals and organizations all over the
country. It is certain that public opin
ion in the United States w r ill crystallize
speedily into a determination that will
make this country a leading signatory
to a league of nations."
NEW TYPES OF WARSHIPS.
Britain Calls For Men to Build Several
Battleships on Clyde.
That the shipyards on the Clyde in
Scotland are turning out fighting ships
of entirely new types for the problems
of tbe North sea and the Dardanelles
was revealed in an address to business
men by Captain J. J. Barttelot of the
British admiralty. In urging the ne
cessity of recruiting several thousand
skilled workmen for the shipbuilding
works he said:
"Our main concern on the Clyde is
the fleet. These yards are building
ships of new types, and great issues
depend on their arriving at their sta
tions.
"To get these ships ready there are
wanted many more men, especially
iron workers. In order to beat the en
emy we shall have to pool the whole of
our resources of skilled labor and put
them on government work."
ESPERANTO HELPS SOLDIER.
Austrian Captive In Russia Tells of
Use of Neutral Tongue.
The Prager Tagblatt prints a letter
from an Austrian soldier made pris
oner by the Russians, who tells of the
great use a knowledge of Esperanto
has been to him in making known his
wishes when his own language failed.
He says the face of a Russian officer
lighted up at sight of the green Es
peranto star, and he at once spoke in
that language. At Moscow three offi
cers called on him and were delighted
to use the neutral language.
On his arrival in Siberia he found a
group of Esperantists, some Russians
and some Hungarians, and they were
able to be of much use as interpreters
among those who otherwise eotild not
have understood one another. "This
enabled us to enjoy ourselves fairly
well," he adds.
SPEED UP ON SUBMARINES.
\merican Builders Turn Out Ten In
Less Than Five Months.
Ten submarines which are being con
structed at Quincy, Mass.. for the Brit
ish government will be launched early
next month, within five months of the
time the keels were laid. The trial
trips will follow soon after, and the
boats could be ready for commission
by July 1, although they are not to be
delivered until after the war.
The average time for constructing
submarines in this country previously
has been more than two years.
LORD DE FREYNE DIES IN WAR
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Romantic Figurs Ons Tim® Privats In
' United States Army.
' Lord De Freyne of England, once
Vxfled by parental displeasure and at
one time a private In the tfnfted'Sfiates
army, but who later was restored to
his ancestral estates In England after I
romantic experiences, has been killed i
1b the fighting ha France.
Bis brother has alao been kffleC
ORVILLE WRIGHT.
Premier Air Man Says War
Obliges Us to Build Aerial Fleet.
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STREAKED WALLS.
Cold Surfaces Always Catch Moro Dust
Than Hot Ones.
The reason that lath and plaster
walls become streaked is explained by
John Aitken. in Nature, as due to the
tendency of hot air to deposit Its dust
on cold surfaces, and the colder the
surface the weaker the power of re
sistance. So where the laths protect
the plaster from the cold outside the
plaster receives less deposit of dust
than where it is between the laths.
Wherever a hot steam or water pipe
comes through a wail a vertical streak
of dust may be seen above it, due to j
the hot air driving tbe dust against the
cold wall. Rooms that are_heated by
STOVE WRECKED BY BEANS
Forgotten In Oven, They Explode anc 1
Bombard Kitchen Wails.
An explosion shook the Sixth ward
In Auburn, N. Y., and brought score.-,
of persons to the home of William E
Bills, C 2 Lansing street. Members ol
the family were gathering up the scrap
iron that represented the family range
and the walls and furnishings of the
kitchen looked as if they had been the
target for hundreds of small bullets.
Mrs. Bills explained that she had
placed a quart can of beans in the oven
and had forgotten them. She was re
minded of it by the explosion and tbe
bean bombardment that came with it
Once Laborer, Now a President.
At a meeting of the directors of the
Yale & Towne company, a large hard
ware manufacturing company of Stan
ford, Conn., Walter C. Allen, who has
been employed by the company for
the past twenty-three years and who
; has advanced himself by stages, was
elected president In the place of Henry
R. Towne, who retires after forty-six
years in that position. Mr. Towne
was made chairman of tbe board of
directors.
The Popular Craze.
"Sir," said the young man, "I want
to marry your daughter."
i "You do, eh? What have you got to
offer?"
"Myself, which includes a fair edu- j
cation, a good state of health, area- j
sonable amount of ambition, a credita- j
ble appearance, a modest salary and a
strong desire to come into your office
and get useful."
The older man shook his head.
"Not enough. Times are too hard. 1
caii't afford a wedding."
The young man smiled.
"Now for my trump card," he said
"Everybody is eloping. We will elope
and save the expense."
The old man caught his hand.
"She's yours, son; she's yours!"—
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Vegetable Chat.
"I see that some college professor has ;
been saying that he believes that vege
tables can see and hear while growing
In the garden."
"Is that so?"
"Yes; not only that, but he believes
that ages hence they will be able to
converse with one another."
"Oh, that's old!"
"What's old?"
"Vegetables conversing. Pre often
beard 'Jack and the Beans-talk T "
Nearly All.
First Diner (trying to break the mo
notony of delay)—Do you believe that
all things come to him who waits?
Second Diner—l'm working on that the- !
ory anyhow. Some time ago I ordered
a plate of hash.—Richmond Tlmee-Die
patch.
-
Tight.
"Doppel hates to spend money."
"111 tell you how much. If it were
possible to take gas every time be
parts with a dollar he'd take It."—
Birmingham Age-HeraJd.
Analogy.
"Papa, what is a political boas?"
"Well, eon. all you have to fie ti to
tttak of bow your mother weald ran
tbe wboje
" hi i i
RURAL AMtKfCA.
Our Country as It Was In the Time of
George Washington.
The America of Washington's day
was primitively, racily rural. The
country outnumbered the city thirty to
one. it outvoted and out influenced the
city. The country was countrified
without urban qualities or depend
encies. Not even the cities themselves
were citified. Philadelphia, the great
st of them all. with the finest shops,
the best houses, the most extravagant
people, was but a poor, small triangle
of houses, with its base on the Dela
ware and its apex stretching timidly
toward the west. Its people, though
reputed gay and luxurious, went early
to bed. rose early and were without
the opportunities and distractions of
modern urban life. There were no
great factories, no armies of workmen,
no extended commerce, no horse cars,
no omnibuses, no sharp differentiation
of the city into business and residence
sections. Like envious New York and
aspiring Boston, Philadelphia was still
half rural.
A great city was not desired not
even contemplated. To "the fathers"
the very conception had in it some
thing unwholesome. A city was a
dwelling place of turbulent, impious,
ignorant mobs, of a congregation of
"unproductive" artisans, wastrels, crim
inals, Sabbath breakers. It was a
blister on the social body, a tumor
which absorbed the healthy juices.
The city was vaguely associated with
royalties, courts, armies, beggars and
tattered, insolent, rascally mobs: the
country was the cradle of republican
virtue and democratic simplicity. Jef
ferson, having in mind the squalid ag
glomerations of the old countries, con
gratulated America on being rural. Dc
Tocqueville in the thirties believed
that the absence of a great capital city
was "one of the first causes of the
maintenance of Republican institu
tions."—Walter Weyl in Harper's Mag
azine.
SHIP CANALS.
Each Has Troubles of Its Own That
Require Constant Care.
Lenve any ship canal alone for even
a year and it would no longer be fit for
navigation. Within five years a small
boat would be unable to go through it
The United States has anxieties over
the Culebra cut in the Panama, but not
more so than the Germans over their
waterwaj', the Kiel canal, for the
ground through which the latter Is cut
is in most places nothing but peat
rotten black stuff which keeps on
breaking \ip and falling back into the
canal.
Also the bottom continually "bumps
up," thus lowering the depth of the
passage. The craft that use the Kiel
canal have to crawl along. They say
that if a cruiser were to make a dash
through at top speed it would take n
year and several millions of money to
remedy the damage done by her stern
wave.
Each canal has Its own special trou
bles. That of the Panama is land
slides. Many have taken place during
its construction. Many more will have
to be dealt with in coming years. It is
estimated that if the dredging work oii
the Suez were abandoned within less
than ten years the Turks or any one
else could cross it dryshod. On both
sides of the canal stretch miles of dry
desert, from which every wind that
blows lifts the sand In edging spirals
and carries It in great clouds. A sin
gle storm may drop a thousand tons of
sand into one mile of the canal.
Of late years a great quantity of
trees have been planted along the
banks in order to prevent the sand
from drifting into the water, yet even
so great steam dredgers are always at
work scooping from the bottom tbe
blown in sand and dumping it along
the shore. Another trouble of those in
charge of the Suez canal is caused by
fresh water springs, which burst up In
its deep bed and pile the sand in ridge*.
—Exchange.
Master of Many Tongues.
Ellhu Burritt, the "learned black
smith," was born in Connecticut in
1810. Burritt taught himself French,
Latin, German, Italian, Greek and He
brew while an apprentice at the forge
and in early manhood mastered San
skrit, Syriac, Arabic, Norse, Spanish,
Dutch, Polish, Bohemian and Turkish.
Chinese and minor languages were ac
quired later until he was able to read,
write and speak In sixty different
tonguea.
Some Burned Lattere.
Sir Walter Scott once made an Itin
erary of the borders, in the coarse of
which he wrote a lawyer friend in Ed
inburgh a close and realistic account of
everything he heard and observed, ev
ery quaint location and droll custom.
But the stupid heirs of the recipient of
these priceless epistles consigned them
to the flames and thus rendered what
would have been a charming book im
possible.
Pleasant Employment.
Stubbs—Your old friend, Weary
ielgh, has got him a job at last that Is
exactly to his liking. Grubbs—Yon
don't say so? Stubbs—Yes. He is em
ployed by a big dairy company, and
his duty is to wait till the cows com®
home.—Richmond Times-Dispatch.
A Matter of Location.
"When I was a boy," said Mr. Wa
ter-stock, "I wanted to go to sea and be
a pirate."
"And yen changed your mind," re
plied Miss Cayenne, "to the extent of
deciding to remain on land."—Wash
ington Star.
Ton will never "get there" if you art
content Jo* la "get by."—Youth's CM*-
j Ofoioai. Anelli Moirimomoii Gio
isili issimi di side elleno.
Si fipDio orologi gioielli ed
ollroooreniendo il iovoio.
V
Wayne Rigg&Co.
Jewelers & Engravers
726 Philadelphia Street
INDIANA, PA.