l_
GREAT STRENGTH
CF FHEIH ARM
Three KiGijn Troops He'd
RBSBf¥3,
TOTAL FOfi.E !3 6,000,00b
Only One-half of Army Has Been Un
der Fire—Every Man In Reserves Un
der Thirty, Fully Trained, Adequately
Equipped, Rc:dy to March at Mo
ment's Notice.
The Wall Street Journal publishes
an article t "in Paris, which was mail
ed tu the United States in order to es
cape' the censor, that declares tin
French army consists not of iJ.OOO.OU
men. but double that number.
"Of these tUibtMRM)." says the arti
cie. "one-half lias been under tire Tin
remaining 3,0 bOO.i have not left out
garrisons. Very few people in Franc
realize that General Joseph J off re hold;
this tremendous army in reserve. ID
ery man of tins 3.<IG<U'MIO is under thir
ty and is fully traim d and adequately
equipped for battle, ready to march ai
a moment's notice.
"Opposed to the French 3,000.(100
that have been under lire are not
1,590.690 Germans, but 2,500.000 —not
thirty army cor t s > hut fifty-six.
Equal on Firing Line.
"With half a million British troops
and about 100.000 Belgians, the allies
have on the western battle front 3,600,-
000 men against 2.500,000 Germans.
But owing to General J off re's careful
nursing of his troops, the forces actual
ly on the bring line are roughly equal.
"Of the French 3.000,000 one-half
are doing fighting, while the other half
relieve them in the trenches and till
the gaps caused by casualties.
"The forces are stretched over a bat
tle front which reaches 375 miles
About 1.000.000 French troops lie be
tween the Argohne and Alsace. Of
this number the army operating in the
Verdun district totals 400,000. In Al
sace there are 250,000 men. The re
mainder are in the lower Vosges pass
es and at various points on the Meusa
The long lines from Rheims to Arras,
byway of Solssons and Roye, absorb
most of the balance of 2,000,000, and
the full 3,000.000 are accounted for
when it is stated that French troops
are also co-operating with the British
around La Bassee, Arrnentieres and
Y pres.
Makeup of Army.
"The strength of the French army is
0,000,000, arrived at as follows: The
active army includes three classes un
der the flag, or 1,500,000. With these
go the reserve of the active army—
that is, men of the four preceding
classes, or 2,000,000. This gives 3,500,-
000 men, all under twenty-eight years.
In addition, there are the first class
territorials (under thirty). 500,000 in
number, and the remaining 2,000,000
are made up of the 1014 and 1915 class
es, already under the colors (about
1,000.000), colonial troops, Algerians,
Moroccans. Senegalese, foreign volun
teer corps (over 400.000) and the for
elgn legion.
"These 0,000.000 could be expanded
to 8,000,000 by a general call to arms.
Such as was resorted to for the revo
lutionnry wars In 1793. The additional
2.500,000 men would l>e made up of tor
ritorialx between the ages of thirty
and fort.v-tive."
GERMAMS CHARGE WITH
THEIR GUMS UNLOADED.
Captain F.rrot Orders—Soldier, In
Letter, Tela of Life In Tranches.
An Incident of the war in northern
France illustrating how implicitly the
German soldier obeys the ciitnmand of
his superior otiiccr is described in a
letter from Michael Weily. a German
soldier, to his brother. Max Weily. a
professional wrestler, of New York
city.
The Germans, according to this let i
ter, dated Oct. 12. were intrenched be
tween two small towns in northern
Fran o Or," day the captain of the
company in which Welly - 1
the order to charge * ... my with j
fixed ' v r m
m i forget to add the order j
t am Files." said the soldier in
his let tu*. "a: 1. of course, no one load
d his gun. We started on a charge
but were unable to fire at the French
men who t "thstood us Our loss wa<
terrible, and we ha 1 to retire.
"Conditions in the trenches," the let !
ter continued, "are terrible. I woulc !
rather be under continuous fire or |
inarch thirty kilometers a day than lie {
for twenty-fo-jr hours in a trench. If i
we only h ' water it would not be so j
bad, but eva that :s impossible to got i
We have money in our pockets, fint j
nothing t\ mains to be bought, 'l'i e
French tow n enle are making moue<
out of the v. rman soldiers, i paid a
mark for a small p;>. -kage of matches j
the other day which should have cost
one-sixth as much.
"While our losses have been very
great, i car say that the losses of the
French hive been greater. The French
men have charged us many times, and i
for L5O yards in front of our trenches J
there are hundreds and hundreds o j
bodies of t! ml Frenchmen. There is a i
pile of 125 or more within twenty yard- (
of the piaee where 1 am writing."
HOW GOOD HOPE
LOST SEA FIGHT
Admiral's AscGunt of Batiie
Wiili German Squadron.
ATTACK BEGUN BY GRAOOCK
Man Who Commanded Glasgow Off
Chilean Coast Declares Range Was
Too Great For Their Guns—Wound
ed Monmouth Soon Limped Away.
Fire on Ships Lighted Sky.
The English admiralty has issued
the report of Captain John Luce of the
British light cruiser Glasgow on the
oattle with the German squadron off
the Chilean coast.
The Glasgow, which left Coronel on
the morning of the day of the battle,
wan advised by Rear Admiral Sir
Christopher Cradock. commander of
the British squadron, that the enemy's
ships were to the northward. Toward
evening the Glasgow sighted smoke
and reported to Rear Admiral Cradock
The British fleet formed in Liny*
ahead, the Good Hope leading, with
the Monmouth. Glasgow and Otranto
following. The enemy had turned
south and were also in single line
ahead, the Seharuhorst and Gueisenau
leading. Admiral Cradock signaled the
Glasgow, "I am going to attack the
enemy."
"The enemy was at that time 15,000
yards away," says the report, "and
maintaining this range, at the same
time 'jambing' the wireless signals.
The sun was setting immediately be
hind the British ships, and while it re
mained above the horizon the British
had the advantage in light, but the
range was too great. When the sun
had set and the visibility conditions
were altered t lie British ships were
silhouetted against the after glow, and
the failing light made the enemy diili
cult to see.
Germans OpsnEd Fire.
"The Germans opened lire at 7 >vjt> -i
at 12,000 yards, followed in quick si:
cession by the British. The grow in.-
darkness and heavy spray of the head
sea made firing difficult, particularly
for the main cieck guns of the Good
Hope and Monmouth.
"The enemy, firing salvos, got the
range quickly, and their third salvo
caused an outbreak of fire on the fore
part of both ships, which were con
stantly on fire until 7:45 in the even
ing. At 7:50 an immense explosion
occurred on the Good Hope amidships,
the flames reaching 3CO feet high. To
tal destruction must have followed.
"It was now quite dark. Both sides
continued firing at the flashes of the
opposing guns. The Monmouth was
badly down by the bow and turned
away to get her stern to the sea, sig
naling the Glasgow to that effect
Lose Sight of Enemy.
"At 8:30 the Glasgow signaled to the
Monmouth, 'The enemy is following
us,' but received no reply. Under the
rising moon the enemy's ships could
be seen approaching, and as the Glas
gow could render the Monmouth uo
assistance she proceeded at full speed
to avoid destruction. At 8:50 we lost
sight of the enemy. At 9:30 we ob- ,
served flashes of fire, which were
doubtless the final attack on the Mon- I
mouth.
"Nothing could have been more ad
mirable than the conduct of the officers
and men throughout, although it was
most trying to receive a great volume
of fire without a chance of adequately i
returning it. All kept perfectly cool
There was no wild firing, and disci
ptine was the same as at battle prac
tice. When the target ceased to be vis
ible the gun layers spontaneously ;
ceased fire.
"The serious reverse sustained has
entirely failed to impair the spirit of
the officers and the ship's company,
and it is our unanimous wish to tueel
the enemy again as soon as possible."
___ •
DYING GIRL SINGS HYMN.
Youth Who Shot Her Hears Her Sonc
W kJ C%4i. • 1 •
The last moments of Jennie E. .Mc-
Laughlin. a sixteen-year-old girl who
was shot by her former sweetheart,
furnished one of the most dramatic
scenes that the nurses and physicians ;
at a Philadelphia hospital ever wit
nessed.
A doctor told the patient that she
could not live. Her mother, who had
been at the bedside almost constantly,
since the shooting, began to weep, but
the young girl smiled and told her I
mother not to be unhappy.
"I am going to a better world," she
said, smiling, "and 1 wish you were i
♦ oming with rae. I am not unhappy
nd I have nothing to tell. The only
thing i want to do before 1 go is to j
sing tny favorite hymn."
She then lay ha k on her pillow and
started to *iug "Nearer. My God. t
Thee." Doctors, nurses and patients
in the ward were silent as the giri I
sang the first two stanzas. In the mid
dle of the third her voice became weak
and then failed her. A few minutes
later she was dead.
One of those who heard the death
song was James Fraley. the youth who
fired the fatal shor and then sent :
bullet into his own stomach. He wa
lying in a critical condition in anotln •
ward.
FRENCH ZOUAVEb t>ArTLi.
! ~
Photo by American Press Association.
Farmhouses in Flanders, usually of stone or brick, are used by combatants
on both sides as forts.
Curious Lows In India.
Some of the okl laws of Nepal, India,
were curious. Killing cows ranked with
' murder as a capital offense, for in
| stance. Every girl at birth was mar
ried with great ceremony to a betel
fruit, which was then cast into a sa
cred stream. As the fate of the fruit
was uncertain, the girl was supposed
never to become a widow. To obtain
I
i divorce from a husband a wife had !
! only to place a betel nut under his pil- !
low and depart.
! In Nepal the day is considered to be- !
gin when it is light enough to count j
the tiles on the roof or distinguish the j
hairs on a man's hand against the sky. j
—Exchange.
Fort Sumter.
For four years Fort Sumter, in
Charleston harbor, resisted every at
tempt at its capture. For 280 days the
fort was actually under fire. "The du
ration of the three principal and eight :
. minor bombardments was altogether
157 days and 11G nights. The total
weight of metal thrown against the
fort from land and sea aggregated 3,500
tons, and of this great mass the fort
was actually struck by 2,400 tons. The
number of projectiles fired against the 5
fort was 46,058.—Philadelphia Ledger, j
Good Advice.
Lord Kitchener's answer to the
1 young reporter who asked him for his j
autograph is wholesome advice for all j
autograph hunters. "Young man, go
and make your own autograph worth
having."—Y r outh's Companion.
China and Japan.
Japan was originally civilized byway
of China. Today Japan sends men of
science to instruct the Chinese.
GOING TO THE FRONT.
T j
'r' ' ' ' .
"T ' v X> ~ ; " - f. v . •
■ ■■■ j
Phcto b7 American Press Association.
This shows a regiment leaving Munich for the seat of war.
KING GEORGE REVIEV/S CANADIAN TROOPS
~ ' ' j
11 : ~... : mpr
& i W , IM
A p .AJkSJri '
Jiff - •• " " :
r J' : U- - - "
jv i: ....
p •• V , -
■ : '.v ■ - .
-...
-k.. > c Vv-rJr ! -- * ; -
~ ,
I. _ . i
Photo hv American Press Association. ,
Accompanied by Queen Mary and Lord Kitchener, the English ruler re- <
viewed soldiers from Canada on their arrival in England.
Descriptive.
"Is she homely?"
"Well, I wouldn't say that exactly.
But after taking one look at her no one
would ever think of asking why she
had never married." Detroit Free
Press.
More Than One Trafalgar Square.
The Scotland Yard examination
| which would be taxicab drivers have to
undergo in the knowledge of London
is no mere matter cf form. "If." nsked
j the inquisitor recently of a candidate.
: "a fare hails you in Trafalgar square
! and asks to be driven to Trafalgar
j square, what would you do?" "I should
: drive him around a bit and drop him
on the other side of tho square." re
i plied the candidate. And he was turn
ed down, for he did not know that
i London has three Trafalgar squares
; besides the finest site in Europe—one in
! Camberwell, another in Chelsea and
still another one in Stepney.—London
j Chronicle.
A Phil May Anecdote.
One winter night an old hawker en
tered the bar of the Old Bell tavern.
Fleet street, and offered the customers
j sets of three studs for a penny. Phil
May said to him:
"You are just the man I want!"
He took only one stud and gave the
hawker a five shilling piece. The bar
maid said to Phil May:
"I believe. Phil, yon would give your
coat to the first beggar who asked for
it!"
"Well, miss." replied the artist,
"there would be no harm In that. St.
Martin gave his coat to a beggar, and
he was a better man than Phil May.
I am only a wicked sinner!"— London
Tatler. ,
'IIMERCJITAL
,: <?-?'••• tfliiQ
wi Ll ..i fi iitLLO
C32ini]j by Austrb
A.'.ny Alter Siege
* w
DEFENDERS GET AWAY SAFELY
City Believed to Be Mass of Ruins
After Terrific Bombardment Through
Which It Has Passed —3ulgaria May
See Opportunity Now to Maul Servia
For Humiliation Suffered In Recent
Balkan War.
London. Dec. 3.—Belgrade has fallen.
Austrian troops marched into the city
n Wednesday after a siege that be-
gan cn July 2D, four days after King
Peter and his court fied to Nish and
established there the temporary capi
tal of Servia.
The occupation of the city was an
nounced in Vienna. The news was
given in a telegram to Emperor Fran
cis Joseph from General Frank, com
mander of the Fifth army corps. The
message said:
"On the occasion of the sixty-sixth
annivey*4v,y of your reign permit me
to Iv? your feet the information that
Frigrade was occupied by the Fifth
army corps."
The city of Belgrade, which was the
capital of Servia until the seat of gov
ernment was removed shortly after the
outbreak or the war, has been under
attack by the Austrians much of the
time for the last four months.
Early in August Austrian troops
reached the city, but were unable to
hold it. The advance of a new Aus
trian army through northern Servia
during the last fortnight made the
position of the Servian troops in Bel
grade a hazardous one.
During the four months the siege
which was lifted only on two :;a
casions when the Servians were in
temporary possession of Samlin, the
Hungarian city across tho river Save,
Belgrade has been bombarded aimer
continuously and now is reported by
persons who have bc°n there to be
nothing more than a mass of ruins.
Warning that the fail of the Servian
capital was imminent was given in
telegram r received from Sofia, Bul
garia, which said the Servian army
had been obliged to withdraw from
Belgrade and that telegraphic com
munication with Nish had been inter
rupted.
It is believed that the Servian forces
got out intact and that they will short
ly join the army which has been fight
ing about fifty miles to the south.
There is no disguising the fact that
the situation of the Servians is ex
tremely dangerous and hopes are en
tertained in high circles here and in
France that Russia will soon he able
to send an army to aid King Peter
and to save his country from complete
subjection at the hands of the Aus
trians.
Servia has already appealed to Rus
sia and has pointed out that she may
not be able much longer to oppose
seriously the superior Austrian
armies, which have lately Iwn
strengthened by the arrival of about
30,000 Bavarian troops and a number
of German officers.
With the diminution of Servia's
strength the situation in the Balkans
becomes more perilous, for it has long
been recognized that Bulgaria would
not need much provocation to attack
Servia and get revenge for the humili
ation she suffered after the second
Balkan war. Recognizing thi3 fact,
the Russian government has sent
Prince Troubetslroy as an envoy to
try and arrange an entente between
the Bulgers ami the Serbs. Pie Is now
on his wry r , Russians are optimis
tic as to the access of his mission.
ADMIRAL MFELD RELEASED
United Sta + s Induces Germany to
Liberate War Prisoner.
Washington, Dec. 3.—As a result of
the personal recommendation of Presi
dent Wilson converge through Ambas
sador Gerard at B riin the Gm-mso
government has released A■" ai
Neeld of th° ,vho
has 1 ncn . : 1 as an alien enemy in
the German detention camps.
It was reported that the admiral was
an old man in very bad health and
quite feeble; that ho had gone to Ger
many for treatment for his ailment
and "vras uzm -cstlonably in no position
to render any military service to his
country. As a result representation
were made through Ambassador G -
rard and orders were given for Ad
miral Neeld's release.
Yeggmen Blow Safe; Get Littls Lent.
Massillon, 0., Dec. 3.l r e" : .r
blew the sr" - in the office of the So
halter Sand a d Stone company
escaped w*':h :' r t*e money. The
was wr h The police thir.k
amateurs 6 1 e work.
Mahr i Harvard Captain.
Cambria- rises., Dec. 3.—Tdwar
Mahan, IT : rtl's wonderful halfback,
will le: d < rim so n olevn in 1913.
He was I captain at a mee:in
of all the . layers.
G!lck tn Lr~d Princeton.
Princet J., Dec. 3. —Fran
Glick of P t-burgh y> sterday wa
unanimously 'ecmd to captain Princi
ton universit 's football team nc
•eason.
| HOW LONG WILL
i| THE WAR LAST?
1 i Protracted Struggle Fredicted
by Noted Fsrsons.
; MANY EXPRESS OPINIONS
s
1 View of International Banker That
Struggle Will Be Ovci In Six Mont) .
1 Not Shared by Soio'icrs, Statesm
t and Other Bankers Generally— Lo
War, Says Lord Kitchener.
The question "How long will the wp
r last?" propounded to eminent soldier
statesmen and bankers in l<onUoi..
- Paris, Washington and .New York,
1 brought the following replies*
By Lord Kitchener:
i "It will be a long war."
By the czar of Russia through the
5 London Daily Telegraph correspondent
at Petrograd:
"There can be no peace negotia
; tious before the enemy is completely
crushed."
By Lord NorthcllfTe. publisher of the
' London Daily Mail and other leading
publications:
"Expert opinion considers that the
war will tie over by next August, but 1
think it will drag on much longer.
Modern warfare is siege warfare. And
/leges in trenches apparently last much
longer than sieges in fortresses, so that
the driving back of the Germans into
i the trenches they have prepared on
their own side of the Rhine must in
evitably last an almost indefinite pe
riod."
By Lieutenant Colonel Rousset, prom
inent French military critic:
"It is utterly impossible to predict
the limit of the war. Both sides are
fighting a battle of trenches similar to
that at Sebastoiiol, which it took two
years to capture."
Germany Must Accept Terms.
By T. I*. O'Connor, member of parlia
ment and editor:
"My impression is that the war will
last a good wtdle yet. The only terms
which the allies can accept will be
terms which Germany is likely tb re
fuse unless she is thoroughly beaten
and that will take suiue time."
By Josephu* Daniels, secretary of tli#
United States navy:
"I would not dare even to guess at
it No man in this country can know
enough about the forces, their position
and their capacity in Europe to make
a prediction."
The consensus of opinion of military
j men both in the navy and in the army
who have made a study of the war is
that it will last through next year.
Some high authorities among the twen
ty-five to whom the question was put
say that it may go on for two years.
One of the highest authorities In the
navy department said:
"The answer to the question Is made
by Great Britain herself, who is calling
for another 1.000.000 men for service.
That means that Great Britain and
the other allies know that if even they
push Germany into her own territory
Germany wiil then only have begun the
long struggle against those who mean
to conquer her. Just now there is
j scarcely any use to talk about the end
of the war, when Germany is fighting
beyond her own territories, with a
navy yet untouched and a people at
home ready to supply the sinews of
j war."
An international banker in New York
said:
"The war will be oveij within six
months."
Long, Bitter Contest.
Frank A. Vanderlip. head of the Na
tional City bank of New York, which
has just loaned $10,000,000 to France,
said:
"The stubborn resistance and the rela
tively small gains that have been made
on either side sin e the retreat from
before Paris indicate a long, hard
fought contest. Indeed, it seems to
come down to a question of resources
in men and supplies."
By E. II Gary, head of the United
• States Ff.'--: i-urpuiatioti:
"My guess at the beginning of the
war was a continuance for eighteen
months. I have seen no reason to
change my opinion."
By George Sutherland. United States
senator from Utah:
"I do not think the war will be end
ed In less than a year. If the allies
succeed in throwing the Germans back
within their own borders the Germans
will be stronger there than on the of
fensive "
LASSOS BEAR IN YARD.
Remarkable Exploit of Michigan Citi
zen Who Rose With the Lark.
Henry Wilson of Iron Mountain,
Mich., rising with the lark, was ena
bled litemiiy to snare a big black brain
in his front yard. Wilson did not ex
pect a bear hunt when be arose and
was astounded when lie stepped out of
his front door to find bruin perched in
a tree a few feet away. A menacing
growl caused him to beat a retreat for
purposes of reflection.
He returned with a noosed clothes
line, which he threw at the animal in
regular wild west fashion. After sev
eral attempts the noose settled over the
bear's neck, and it was but a short
time before Wilson had the animal
neatly trussed up and inter presented
it to the citr for the beginning of a zoo.