l_ GREAT STRENGTH CF FHEIH ARM Three KiGijn Troops He'd RBSBf¥3, TOTAL FOfi.E !3 6,000,00b Only One-half of Army Has Been Un der Fire—Every Man In Reserves Un der Thirty, Fully Trained, Adequately Equipped, Rc:dy to March at Mo ment's Notice. The Wall Street Journal publishes an article t "in Paris, which was mail ed tu the United States in order to es cape' the censor, that declares tin French army consists not of iJ.OOO.OU men. but double that number. "Of these tUibtMRM)." says the arti cie. "one-half lias been under tire Tin remaining 3,0 bOO.i have not left out garrisons. Very few people in Franc realize that General Joseph J off re hold; this tremendous army in reserve. ID ery man of tins 3.<IG<U'MIO is under thir ty and is fully traim d and adequately equipped for battle, ready to march ai a moment's notice. "Opposed to the French 3,000.(100 that have been under lire are not 1,590.690 Germans, but 2,500.000 —not thirty army cor t s > hut fifty-six. Equal on Firing Line. "With half a million British troops and about 100.000 Belgians, the allies have on the western battle front 3,600,- 000 men against 2.500,000 Germans. But owing to General J off re's careful nursing of his troops, the forces actual ly on the bring line are roughly equal. "Of the French 3.000,000 one-half are doing fighting, while the other half relieve them in the trenches and till the gaps caused by casualties. "The forces are stretched over a bat tle front which reaches 375 miles About 1.000.000 French troops lie be tween the Argohne and Alsace. Of this number the army operating in the Verdun district totals 400,000. In Al sace there are 250,000 men. The re mainder are in the lower Vosges pass es and at various points on the Meusa The long lines from Rheims to Arras, byway of Solssons and Roye, absorb most of the balance of 2,000,000, and the full 3,000.000 are accounted for when it is stated that French troops are also co-operating with the British around La Bassee, Arrnentieres and Y pres. Makeup of Army. "The strength of the French army is 0,000,000, arrived at as follows: The active army includes three classes un der the flag, or 1,500,000. With these go the reserve of the active army— that is, men of the four preceding classes, or 2,000,000. This gives 3,500,- 000 men, all under twenty-eight years. In addition, there are the first class territorials (under thirty). 500,000 in number, and the remaining 2,000,000 are made up of the 1014 and 1915 class es, already under the colors (about 1,000.000), colonial troops, Algerians, Moroccans. Senegalese, foreign volun teer corps (over 400.000) and the for elgn legion. "These 0,000.000 could be expanded to 8,000,000 by a general call to arms. Such as was resorted to for the revo lutionnry wars In 1793. The additional 2.500,000 men would l>e made up of tor ritorialx between the ages of thirty and fort.v-tive." GERMAMS CHARGE WITH THEIR GUMS UNLOADED. Captain F.rrot Orders—Soldier, In Letter, Tela of Life In Tranches. An Incident of the war in northern France illustrating how implicitly the German soldier obeys the ciitnmand of his superior otiiccr is described in a letter from Michael Weily. a German soldier, to his brother. Max Weily. a professional wrestler, of New York city. The Germans, according to this let i ter, dated Oct. 12. were intrenched be tween two small towns in northern Fran o Or," day the captain of the company in which Welly - 1 the order to charge * ... my with j fixed ' v r m m i forget to add the order j t am Files." said the soldier in his let tu*. "a: 1. of course, no one load d his gun. We started on a charge but were unable to fire at the French men who t "thstood us Our loss wa< terrible, and we ha 1 to retire. "Conditions in the trenches," the let ! ter continued, "are terrible. I woulc ! rather be under continuous fire or | inarch thirty kilometers a day than lie { for twenty-fo-jr hours in a trench. If i we only h ' water it would not be so j bad, but eva that :s impossible to got i We have money in our pockets, fint j nothing t\ mains to be bought, 'l'i e French tow n enle are making moue< out of the v. rman soldiers, i paid a mark for a small p;>. -kage of matches j the other day which should have cost one-sixth as much. "While our losses have been very great, i car say that the losses of the French hive been greater. The French men have charged us many times, and i for L5O yards in front of our trenches J there are hundreds and hundreds o j bodies of t! ml Frenchmen. There is a i pile of 125 or more within twenty yard- ( of the piaee where 1 am writing." HOW GOOD HOPE LOST SEA FIGHT Admiral's AscGunt of Batiie Wiili German Squadron. ATTACK BEGUN BY GRAOOCK Man Who Commanded Glasgow Off Chilean Coast Declares Range Was Too Great For Their Guns—Wound ed Monmouth Soon Limped Away. Fire on Ships Lighted Sky. The English admiralty has issued the report of Captain John Luce of the British light cruiser Glasgow on the oattle with the German squadron off the Chilean coast. The Glasgow, which left Coronel on the morning of the day of the battle, wan advised by Rear Admiral Sir Christopher Cradock. commander of the British squadron, that the enemy's ships were to the northward. Toward evening the Glasgow sighted smoke and reported to Rear Admiral Cradock The British fleet formed in Liny* ahead, the Good Hope leading, with the Monmouth. Glasgow and Otranto following. The enemy had turned south and were also in single line ahead, the Seharuhorst and Gueisenau leading. Admiral Cradock signaled the Glasgow, "I am going to attack the enemy." "The enemy was at that time 15,000 yards away," says the report, "and maintaining this range, at the same time 'jambing' the wireless signals. The sun was setting immediately be hind the British ships, and while it re mained above the horizon the British had the advantage in light, but the range was too great. When the sun had set and the visibility conditions were altered t lie British ships were silhouetted against the after glow, and the failing light made the enemy diili cult to see. Germans OpsnEd Fire. "The Germans opened lire at 7 >vjt> -i at 12,000 yards, followed in quick si: cession by the British. The grow in.- darkness and heavy spray of the head sea made firing difficult, particularly for the main cieck guns of the Good Hope and Monmouth. "The enemy, firing salvos, got the range quickly, and their third salvo caused an outbreak of fire on the fore part of both ships, which were con stantly on fire until 7:45 in the even ing. At 7:50 an immense explosion occurred on the Good Hope amidships, the flames reaching 3CO feet high. To tal destruction must have followed. "It was now quite dark. Both sides continued firing at the flashes of the opposing guns. The Monmouth was badly down by the bow and turned away to get her stern to the sea, sig naling the Glasgow to that effect Lose Sight of Enemy. "At 8:30 the Glasgow signaled to the Monmouth, 'The enemy is following us,' but received no reply. Under the rising moon the enemy's ships could be seen approaching, and as the Glas gow could render the Monmouth uo assistance she proceeded at full speed to avoid destruction. At 8:50 we lost sight of the enemy. At 9:30 we ob- , served flashes of fire, which were doubtless the final attack on the Mon- I mouth. "Nothing could have been more ad mirable than the conduct of the officers and men throughout, although it was most trying to receive a great volume of fire without a chance of adequately i returning it. All kept perfectly cool There was no wild firing, and disci ptine was the same as at battle prac tice. When the target ceased to be vis ible the gun layers spontaneously ; ceased fire. "The serious reverse sustained has entirely failed to impair the spirit of the officers and the ship's company, and it is our unanimous wish to tueel the enemy again as soon as possible." ___ • DYING GIRL SINGS HYMN. Youth Who Shot Her Hears Her Sonc W kJ C%4i. • 1 • The last moments of Jennie E. .Mc- Laughlin. a sixteen-year-old girl who was shot by her former sweetheart, furnished one of the most dramatic scenes that the nurses and physicians ; at a Philadelphia hospital ever wit nessed. A doctor told the patient that she could not live. Her mother, who had been at the bedside almost constantly, since the shooting, began to weep, but the young girl smiled and told her I mother not to be unhappy. "I am going to a better world," she said, smiling, "and 1 wish you were i ♦ oming with rae. I am not unhappy nd I have nothing to tell. The only thing i want to do before 1 go is to j sing tny favorite hymn." She then lay ha k on her pillow and started to *iug "Nearer. My God. t Thee." Doctors, nurses and patients in the ward were silent as the giri I sang the first two stanzas. In the mid dle of the third her voice became weak and then failed her. A few minutes later she was dead. One of those who heard the death song was James Fraley. the youth who fired the fatal shor and then sent : bullet into his own stomach. He wa lying in a critical condition in anotln • ward. FRENCH ZOUAVEb t>ArTLi. ! ~ Photo by American Press Association. Farmhouses in Flanders, usually of stone or brick, are used by combatants on both sides as forts. Curious Lows In India. Some of the okl laws of Nepal, India, were curious. Killing cows ranked with ' murder as a capital offense, for in | stance. Every girl at birth was mar ried with great ceremony to a betel fruit, which was then cast into a sa cred stream. As the fate of the fruit was uncertain, the girl was supposed never to become a widow. To obtain I i divorce from a husband a wife had ! ! only to place a betel nut under his pil- ! low and depart. ! In Nepal the day is considered to be- ! gin when it is light enough to count j the tiles on the roof or distinguish the j hairs on a man's hand against the sky. j —Exchange. Fort Sumter. For four years Fort Sumter, in Charleston harbor, resisted every at tempt at its capture. For 280 days the fort was actually under fire. "The du ration of the three principal and eight : . minor bombardments was altogether 157 days and 11G nights. The total weight of metal thrown against the fort from land and sea aggregated 3,500 tons, and of this great mass the fort was actually struck by 2,400 tons. The number of projectiles fired against the 5 fort was 46,058.—Philadelphia Ledger, j Good Advice. Lord Kitchener's answer to the 1 young reporter who asked him for his j autograph is wholesome advice for all j autograph hunters. "Young man, go and make your own autograph worth having."—Y r outh's Companion. China and Japan. Japan was originally civilized byway of China. Today Japan sends men of science to instruct the Chinese. GOING TO THE FRONT. T j 'r' ' ' ' . "T ' v X> ~ ; " - f. v . • ■ ■■■ j Phcto b7 American Press Association. This shows a regiment leaving Munich for the seat of war. KING GEORGE REVIEV/S CANADIAN TROOPS ~ ' ' j 11 : ~... : mpr & i W , IM A p .AJkSJri ' Jiff - •• " " : r J' : U- - - " jv i: .... p •• V , - ■ : '.v ■ - . -... -k.. > c Vv-rJr ! -- * ; - ~ , I. _ . i Photo hv American Press Association. , Accompanied by Queen Mary and Lord Kitchener, the English ruler re- < viewed soldiers from Canada on their arrival in England. Descriptive. "Is she homely?" "Well, I wouldn't say that exactly. But after taking one look at her no one would ever think of asking why she had never married." Detroit Free Press. More Than One Trafalgar Square. The Scotland Yard examination | which would be taxicab drivers have to undergo in the knowledge of London is no mere matter cf form. "If." nsked j the inquisitor recently of a candidate. : "a fare hails you in Trafalgar square ! and asks to be driven to Trafalgar j square, what would you do?" "I should : drive him around a bit and drop him on the other side of tho square." re i plied the candidate. And he was turn ed down, for he did not know that i London has three Trafalgar squares ; besides the finest site in Europe—one in ! Camberwell, another in Chelsea and still another one in Stepney.—London j Chronicle. A Phil May Anecdote. One winter night an old hawker en tered the bar of the Old Bell tavern. Fleet street, and offered the customers j sets of three studs for a penny. Phil May said to him: "You are just the man I want!" He took only one stud and gave the hawker a five shilling piece. The bar maid said to Phil May: "I believe. Phil, yon would give your coat to the first beggar who asked for it!" "Well, miss." replied the artist, "there would be no harm In that. St. Martin gave his coat to a beggar, and he was a better man than Phil May. I am only a wicked sinner!"— London Tatler. , 'IIMERCJITAL ,: <?-?'••• tfliiQ wi Ll ..i fi iitLLO C32ini]j by Austrb A.'.ny Alter Siege * w DEFENDERS GET AWAY SAFELY City Believed to Be Mass of Ruins After Terrific Bombardment Through Which It Has Passed —3ulgaria May See Opportunity Now to Maul Servia For Humiliation Suffered In Recent Balkan War. London. Dec. 3.—Belgrade has fallen. Austrian troops marched into the city n Wednesday after a siege that be- gan cn July 2D, four days after King Peter and his court fied to Nish and established there the temporary capi tal of Servia. The occupation of the city was an nounced in Vienna. The news was given in a telegram to Emperor Fran cis Joseph from General Frank, com mander of the Fifth army corps. The message said: "On the occasion of the sixty-sixth annivey*4v,y of your reign permit me to Iv? your feet the information that Frigrade was occupied by the Fifth army corps." The city of Belgrade, which was the capital of Servia until the seat of gov ernment was removed shortly after the outbreak or the war, has been under attack by the Austrians much of the time for the last four months. Early in August Austrian troops reached the city, but were unable to hold it. The advance of a new Aus trian army through northern Servia during the last fortnight made the position of the Servian troops in Bel grade a hazardous one. During the four months the siege which was lifted only on two :;a casions when the Servians were in temporary possession of Samlin, the Hungarian city across tho river Save, Belgrade has been bombarded aimer continuously and now is reported by persons who have bc°n there to be nothing more than a mass of ruins. Warning that the fail of the Servian capital was imminent was given in telegram r received from Sofia, Bul garia, which said the Servian army had been obliged to withdraw from Belgrade and that telegraphic com munication with Nish had been inter rupted. It is believed that the Servian forces got out intact and that they will short ly join the army which has been fight ing about fifty miles to the south. There is no disguising the fact that the situation of the Servians is ex tremely dangerous and hopes are en tertained in high circles here and in France that Russia will soon he able to send an army to aid King Peter and to save his country from complete subjection at the hands of the Aus trians. Servia has already appealed to Rus sia and has pointed out that she may not be able much longer to oppose seriously the superior Austrian armies, which have lately Iwn strengthened by the arrival of about 30,000 Bavarian troops and a number of German officers. With the diminution of Servia's strength the situation in the Balkans becomes more perilous, for it has long been recognized that Bulgaria would not need much provocation to attack Servia and get revenge for the humili ation she suffered after the second Balkan war. Recognizing thi3 fact, the Russian government has sent Prince Troubetslroy as an envoy to try and arrange an entente between the Bulgers ami the Serbs. Pie Is now on his wry r , Russians are optimis tic as to the access of his mission. ADMIRAL MFELD RELEASED United Sta + s Induces Germany to Liberate War Prisoner. Washington, Dec. 3.—As a result of the personal recommendation of Presi dent Wilson converge through Ambas sador Gerard at B riin the Gm-mso government has released A■" ai Neeld of th° ,vho has 1 ncn . : 1 as an alien enemy in the German detention camps. It was reported that the admiral was an old man in very bad health and quite feeble; that ho had gone to Ger many for treatment for his ailment and "vras uzm -cstlonably in no position to render any military service to his country. As a result representation were made through Ambassador G - rard and orders were given for Ad miral Neeld's release. Yeggmen Blow Safe; Get Littls Lent. Massillon, 0., Dec. 3.l r e" : .r blew the sr" - in the office of the So halter Sand a d Stone company escaped w*':h :' r t*e money. The was wr h The police thir.k amateurs 6 1 e work. Mahr i Harvard Captain. Cambria- rises., Dec. 3.—Tdwar Mahan, IT : rtl's wonderful halfback, will le: d < rim so n olevn in 1913. He was I captain at a mee:in of all the . layers. G!lck tn Lr~d Princeton. Princet J., Dec. 3. —Fran Glick of P t-burgh y> sterday wa unanimously 'ecmd to captain Princi ton universit 's football team nc •eason. | HOW LONG WILL i| THE WAR LAST? 1 i Protracted Struggle Fredicted by Noted Fsrsons. ; MANY EXPRESS OPINIONS s 1 View of International Banker That Struggle Will Be Ovci In Six Mont) . 1 Not Shared by Soio'icrs, Statesm t and Other Bankers Generally— Lo War, Says Lord Kitchener. The question "How long will the wp r last?" propounded to eminent soldier statesmen and bankers in l<onUoi.. - Paris, Washington and .New York, 1 brought the following replies* By Lord Kitchener: i "It will be a long war." By the czar of Russia through the 5 London Daily Telegraph correspondent at Petrograd: "There can be no peace negotia ; tious before the enemy is completely crushed." By Lord NorthcllfTe. publisher of the ' London Daily Mail and other leading publications: "Expert opinion considers that the war will tie over by next August, but 1 think it will drag on much longer. Modern warfare is siege warfare. And /leges in trenches apparently last much longer than sieges in fortresses, so that the driving back of the Germans into i the trenches they have prepared on their own side of the Rhine must in evitably last an almost indefinite pe riod." By Lieutenant Colonel Rousset, prom inent French military critic: "It is utterly impossible to predict the limit of the war. Both sides are fighting a battle of trenches similar to that at Sebastoiiol, which it took two years to capture." Germany Must Accept Terms. By T. I*. O'Connor, member of parlia ment and editor: "My impression is that the war will last a good wtdle yet. The only terms which the allies can accept will be terms which Germany is likely tb re fuse unless she is thoroughly beaten and that will take suiue time." By Josephu* Daniels, secretary of tli# United States navy: "I would not dare even to guess at it No man in this country can know enough about the forces, their position and their capacity in Europe to make a prediction." The consensus of opinion of military j men both in the navy and in the army who have made a study of the war is that it will last through next year. Some high authorities among the twen ty-five to whom the question was put say that it may go on for two years. One of the highest authorities In the navy department said: "The answer to the question Is made by Great Britain herself, who is calling for another 1.000.000 men for service. That means that Great Britain and the other allies know that if even they push Germany into her own territory Germany wiil then only have begun the long struggle against those who mean to conquer her. Just now there is j scarcely any use to talk about the end of the war, when Germany is fighting beyond her own territories, with a navy yet untouched and a people at home ready to supply the sinews of j war." An international banker in New York said: "The war will be oveij within six months." Long, Bitter Contest. Frank A. Vanderlip. head of the Na tional City bank of New York, which has just loaned $10,000,000 to France, said: "The stubborn resistance and the rela tively small gains that have been made on either side sin e the retreat from before Paris indicate a long, hard fought contest. Indeed, it seems to come down to a question of resources in men and supplies." By E. II Gary, head of the United • States Ff.'--: i-urpuiatioti: "My guess at the beginning of the war was a continuance for eighteen months. I have seen no reason to change my opinion." By George Sutherland. United States senator from Utah: "I do not think the war will be end ed In less than a year. If the allies succeed in throwing the Germans back within their own borders the Germans will be stronger there than on the of fensive " LASSOS BEAR IN YARD. Remarkable Exploit of Michigan Citi zen Who Rose With the Lark. Henry Wilson of Iron Mountain, Mich., rising with the lark, was ena bled litemiiy to snare a big black brain in his front yard. Wilson did not ex pect a bear hunt when be arose and was astounded when lie stepped out of his front door to find bruin perched in a tree a few feet away. A menacing growl caused him to beat a retreat for purposes of reflection. He returned with a noosed clothes line, which he threw at the animal in regular wild west fashion. After sev eral attempts the noose settled over the bear's neck, and it was but a short time before Wilson had the animal neatly trussed up and inter presented it to the citr for the beginning of a zoo.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers