Pentagon reveals secret nuclear sites The names of nine Cold War missle sites were revealed for the first time but the names of 18 others were blacked out by the government. By ROBERT BURNS Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON, D.C. The Pen tagon for the first time is acknowl edging Cold War locations of nuclear weapons outside the Unit ed States, including naval depth bombs, ready for arming, in Cuba during the 1962 missile crisis with the Soviet Union. The names of nine places where bombs or bomb components minus their nuclear charges were located between 1951 and 1977 are revealed in a 332-page official Pen tagon history. The names of 18 other locations were blacked out by government censors before the document was released to Robert S. Norris, a private specialist on nuclear weapons and author of numerous books on the topic. Using other documents, Norris and his co-authors said they could identify 17 of those other locations, ringing the globe from Canada to Iceland to South Korea and Japan. The nine nuclear weapon loca tions named in the Pentagon docu ment are Cuba, Puerto Rico, Britain, West Germany, the U.S. territories of Guam, Johnston Island and Midway, and Alaska and Hawaii, which were U.S. territories in the early years of the Cold War. Even with material blacked out, the "History of the Custody and Deployment of Nuclear Weapons," published in February 1978 as a top secret document, reveals new information about the location, tim ing and types of U.S. nuclear weapon deployments. "It shows a huge expanse of nuclear weapons around the globe," Norris said in an interview yesterday. The narrative portion of the Pen tagon history makes no reference to U.S. nuclear weapons in Cuba, but an appendix listing locations outside the continental United States says an unspecified number of "non-nuclear depth bombs" were stored in Cuba between December 1961 and July-September 1963. The crisis over Moscow's stationing of surface-to-air nuclear missiles COLOR SELLS Leases Landlords and What.to do After . ..-L- : - evetywednesday evening starting at 7:3opm. 102 health and human development east • http: / /www. clubs .p.su. edu aclu for more information in Cuba was in October 1962. The term "non-nuclear" referred to components, such as bomb cas ings or assemblies, for nuclear weapons, the report said. At that time, bomb design technology required that the actual nuclear charge, or capsule, be kept sepa rate from the non-nuclear assem bly. In the event of war, capsules could be flown to bases where they would be inserted into the assem blies to make complete bombs. Depth bombs were weapons dropped from airplanes or heli copters to dive into the sea to kill submarines. The last of this kind of nuclear weapon was retired from the U.S. arsenal early in this decade. Graham Allison, a former Penta gon official who is an expert on the Cuban missile crisis, said in a tele phone interview he was not aware that nuclear weapon components had been stored in Cuba. He said they probably were at Guantanamo Bay, a U.S. Navy base on the east ern tip of the island. During the Cuban missile crisis the Navy searched intensively for Soviet submarines in the Atlantic, he said. Details about locations of Ameri can nuclear weapons abroad are among the most closely protected Pentagon secrets. Today the only remaining full-time U.S. nuclear deployments outside the United States are in Europe, where bombs are stored for potential use by U.S. Air Force planes based there. The Pentagon also has U.S.-based sub marines, aircraft and missiles armed with nuclear warheads. Norris, who wrote an article about the nuclear weapons history to be published this week in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists with co-authors William Arkin and William Burr, said the three used publicly available documentation to determine the names of 17 of the 18 censored locations. The 17 were Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Japan, Kwajalein Island, Morocco, Okinawa, the Philippines, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, Bel gium, France, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands and Turkey. With the onset in 1950 of the Korean War, which many in Wash ington believed was a Soviet-driven move to divert U.S. attention from its defense of Europe, the Truman administration approved the move ment of non-nuclear bomb compo nents to Britain, and later that year to Guam, according to the Penta gon history. xacri Tomorrow? i 41 111 tany :motes °day!' -Daily Notes -Exam Packs -Full Semester Packs WW2 •ffliff• Exam Packs- ava ila ble for: AN SC 001.1-4 GEOSC 010.1,2; ANTH 002.1-12 GEOSC 021.1 ART H 100.1 HDFS 129.2 ASTRO 010.1 HDFS 229.1 B A 304.1,2 HDFS 239.1,3 B LAW 344.1 HDFS 315.1 BB H 415.1 HDFS 418.1 BB H 451.1 HIST 001.2-9 BI SC 004.1,2 HIST 021.2,4 BIOL 110.1-52 HIST 100.1 BIOL 141.1 HORT 101.1 BIOL 222.1,2 HRIM 365.1 BIOL 230W.1-20 INART 110.1 BIOL 427.1 KINES 202.1-4 BIOL 472.1 KINES 345.1 BMB 401.2 MATSC 081.1-3 CHEM 012.1-69 MATSC 101.1 CMDIS 300.1,2 MGMT 331.1 CMDIS 331.1 MICRB 106.1 CMDIS 444.1 MUSIC 005. 1 PHIL 012.1-7 CMLIT 108.1-7 PL SC 025.1 CMPSC 203.1-22 PSY 002.5 CN ED 409.1,2 PSY 217 1 ECON 002.3,5 PSY 412.1-4 ECON 302.2 PSY 426.1 ECON 315.1 RL ST 001.7-9 ECON 351.1 RPM 120.1 ED PSY 014.1,2 SOILS 101.3-13 ERM 412.1-3 STAT 200.1-6 FR 139.1-7 WFS 309.1 Vie - perin state , . : 4 C • . . • • , . .. 1 4 .., i presents sties Lecture Series I . aiire g thi following topics Wit - irexne Court and Civil Rights I Low the Supreme Court used the 14th •-, Clause to apply the Bill of Rights to the of civil rights we have today. .ffirmative Action ensoring Pennsylvania's Universities" Clinton, GOP at spending By ALAN FRAM Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON, D.C. Top Republicans pledged yesterday they would reject any budget deal that used Social Security surplus es as they headed for White House talks on their spending impasse with President Clinton. "There will be no winks and nods" about using Social Security funds for extra spending, House Majority Whip Tom DeLay, R- Texas, told reporters. "There will be no backroom deals." Eager to cast the administra tion in a cooperative light, White House spokesman Joe Lockhart said, "It's our hope the Republi cans will put the attack ads aside, the talking points aside, and come down and work with us in good faith." The comments came before Clinton and congressional leaders held a late afternoon White House meeting on their budget dispute, House defeats Clinton's $19.2 million tax increase By CURT ANDERSON Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON, D.C. Mak ing an anti-tax political state ment, House Republicans engi neered the resounding defeat yes terday of $19.2 billion in tax and fee increases proposed by Presi dent Clinton, including sharply higher cigarette taxes. "The idea is to get this question settled once and for all, so there is no one who believes we will raise taxes," said House Majority Leader Dick Armey, R-Texas. Although they derided the mea sure as a stunt and a bald-faced attempt to embarrass the presi dent, Democrats joined Republi cans in the 419-0 tally against the fiscal year 2000 taxes-and-fees package, which would raise about $lOO billion over five years. Clinton's overall budget pro posal mustered only two House votes in favor earlier this year, and in September the president vetoed the GOP's signature 10- year, $792 billion tax cut. Democrats refused to support Clinton's revenue raisers present ed as they were in a vacuum, say ing they must be linked to spend ing goals such as improving edu cation, putting more police on the beat or adding a prescription- . - .: 4 ' -,, 7.` ,r 'r, ~' ,' -' - ' :' '''':'{' S .::' g., ' . 4" 1. r - -,,1' `r 4 " 1 - - :-.'! - '-'.' ‘, ' -1 ' t.';' ,. .!-'4 .. ~ , tr 7-4e , -- ~' .'` ' --;" ' }' '' '', ,'',-.. i .- ' ' ' rAlitS,' , ..... ' '' ' ' ' ''' : .r. , " i r ';'.l ..,;-..-Y . ': ,,Ny .. . 7 456-;q'-: r ' ~ :;.:. ..1" . ;.;,.;" .1' .... r..... , `: ~ ' id , •>. .- . 4.(" -• 443-- - . . ~,.._.,.....,.... .. ... .. Y , l it obeio ;. tztiVitY 106 which has so far prevented enact ment of eight of the 13 annual spending bills for the 19-day-old fiscal year. Five of the bills have either been vetoed or face veto threats. Despite their differences over spending for hiring teachers, pur chasing park lands and other issues, neither side was ready to let the dispute escalate into an attention-grabbing government shutdown. With a stopgap bill keeping agencies open set to expire tomorrow night, Congress sent Clinton a measure extending that deadline through Oct. 29 while lawmakers work through budget differences. The president was considered certain to sign it. The House approved the mea sure by 421-2, with only Reps. Ron Paul, R-Texas, and Peter DeFazio, D-Ore., voting no. The Senate approved it by voice vote. Following that show of biparti san cooperation, however, the drug benefit to Medicare "This is not a serious attempt to resolve the budget," said House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt, D-Mo. "It's another gimmick." The defeated tax package, brought to the floor by GOP freshmen Reps. Lee Terry of Nebraska and Jim DeMint of South Carolina, included a 55- cents-a-pack increase in cigarette taxes, a $1.5 billion reinstatement of a corporate Superfund tax and user fees on meat, poultry and egg inspections. The vote came a few hours before Republican congressional leaders were to meet with Clinton to begin talks toward solving sharp differences on how to pay for the 13 spending bills neces House quickly reverted to parti san positioning. Republicans forced the House to vote on $19.2 billion in tax and fee increases for this year, including a cigarette tax boost that Clinton sought to pay for his proposed extra spending. The GOP hoped to use its 419-0 rejec tion to demonstrate that the pres ident's plan for paying for higher spending was politically unrealis tic. The budget talks took place even as Republicans crafted spending bills that were moving closer and closer to Clinton's pro posals. Of the five most controversial bills, Clinton was demanding less than $lO billion more than what Republicans were proposing out of a total of about $145 billion in annual spending that lawmak ers control. Those bills cover the departments of Health and Human Services, Labor, Educa tion, Interior, State, Justice, Com- "This is not a serious attempt to resolve the budget. It's another gim mick. Dick Gephardt, D-Mo sary to run the government. Republicans said the vote against Clinton's taxes-and-fees increases sends a message that the White House must hear if it wants more money. "They have nothing to offer but more taxes and higher spending," said Rep. Tom DeLay, R-Texas, the House GOP whip. "Tough decisions have to be made to con trol spending, not increase it." But Democrats said the vote would do nothing to solve the larger budget problems. "They think if they can embar rass the president, because they've slapped him in the face, he'll be a lot more amenable to a discussion," said Rep. Jim McDermott, D-Wash. "There's an \.O Q. Worsted Wools & Blends CI) Reg. to 5395 $179-$259 The Daily Collegian Wednesday, Oct. 20, 1999 House Minority Leader Interview Suits —.always discounted! St . State College, P' wAminterviewsuit 130 S. All, impasse merce and other agencies, plus foreign aid and the District of Columbia budget. In many instances, the GOP was matching or coming near some of his specific dollar demands. House-Senate Republi cans said their emerging compro mise on health, labor and educa tion programs would provide $3OO million more than Clinton himself proposed. They had already provided more than Clin ton requested for veterans health-care, NASA and other pro grams. Nonetheless, policy disputes remained. Rather than providing the $1.4 billion Clinton wants to continue helping communities hire elementary school teachers, Republicans would provide $1.2 billion but let states decide how to use it. It was the question of paying for spending that has become the key political dispute between the two sides. old saying where I come from: `You get a lot more with honey than with vinegar.' " Meanwhile, Senate Finance Com mittee members meeting behind closed doors yesterday tentatively reached a bipartisan agreement on an $8.5 billion measure to extend several expiring business tax breaks until Dec. 31, 2000, includ ing a research and development credit sought by high-tech industry and manufacturers. The bill, scheduled for a com mittee vote today, also would ensure that middle-class taxpay ers could claim personal credits on their income tax forms for the next two years without fear that those credits would trigger the alternative minimum tax. Without the exemption, 1 million taxpay ers could face higher income taxes next year. "We've got a bill we think has bipartisan support," said Sen. William Roth, R-Del., chairman of the Finance Committee. Unlike a five-year, $23.3 billion House version, the Senate bill would be fully paid for with a variety of revenue offsets mainly affecting business. Democrats in the Senate had insisted the mea sure not spend projected budget surpluses, also a priority of the White House. Women's Skirt & Pants Suits Reg. to 5235 $129-$lB9 ' f .1 ~,..' , ii ,„, • (814) 237.5462
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