state/nation/world Duarte argues for more U.S. aid By TERENCE HUNT Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON Salvadoran President Jose Napoleon Duarte, pressing a reluctant Congress for more U.S. aid, charged yesterday that Nicaragua is continuing to sup ply arms to leftist guerillas fighting his embattled government. Duarte, who met with President Reagan for 30 minutes before argu ing his case on Capitol Hill for more economic and military assistance, also denied charges by a human rights group that government forces were indiscriminately bomb ing civilian villages in El Salvador. "My duty is to try to obtain the support of the things we need for our country," said Duarte, who stopped in Washington en route home after a five-nation journey through Europe. The Reagan administration is seeking an additional $ll6 million in aid for El Salvador this year after winning congressional approval earlier of $62 million. Denying that Nicaragua has stopped shipping arms to El Salva dor, Duarte told reporters, "We are very much concerned about what is happening in Nicaragua ... At this very moment there is an action, an operation of Nicaragua, of sending arms to El Salvador through the sea. There is no question about that. We don't like that." Endorsing the adminstration's request for $2l million in undercov er aid to CIA-backed rebels in Nica ragua, Duarte said, "It is important as long as it stops the movement of arms to our country." "I have said to the Nicaraguans since we have respected them, we want us to be respected," he added. "We will not accept the principles of what they call solidarity in which they have the right to export revolu tions to other countries." Duarte declared, "I am ready to sit down with Nicaragua. I am ready to dialogue with Nicagaua. I am ready to sign la treaty with Nicaragua if they are ready stop sending arms to El Salvador." The Democratic-controlled House last month refused to approve the $2l million for Nicaraguan rebels, and the Senate agreed to shelve the request. Congress returned to work from a Gross National Product (Adjuste(l) Real GNP Increases to SlO 9 121,11icn . ... , After Rev , ,,on 7.5 /0 "From .....- 5.7 % n ... Source US. Commerce Department Runaway not a drifter from the Soviet Union By The Associated Press BRAINERD, Minn. A woman who told authorities she was from the Soviet Union and had been drifting throughout the United States without family or home in pursuit of her dream to become a star hockey player is not from the Soviet Union, officials said early yesterday. Roy Miller, editor of the Brai nerd Dispatch, which published a story about Valeiy Skvorsov on Sunday, told the Associated Press early yesterday that officials had learned she was a runaway from an East Coast city. The AP had picked up the Dispatch story and moved a version on its national wires earlier Sunday. • Miller said that as a result of inquiries from the AP and others about details of the woman's sto ry, he checked with Sheriff's In vestigator Sgt. Frank Ball. He said Ball told him late Sunday that further inquiries by him showed she was not from the Soviet Union. The Dispatch story had said the girl was 14, but the Boston Globe reported yesterday that she was 21 and had attended high school in Brookline. The young woman's story first came to light last week when the owner of the Minnesota Hockey School's Minnewawa Lodge north of Brainerd told authorities he had learned from the woman that she President Ronald Reagan gestures while talking with President Jose Napoleon Duarte of El Salvador during a meeting at the White House. three-week recess yesterday, and White House deputy press secre tary Larry Speakes said the admin stration would seek.funds for both Nicaragua and El Salvador. In a written statement, Speakes said the $ll6 million in military aid, as well as $134 million in economic aid "have not been acted upon and, at this point, are both urgently needed by the government of El Salvador, as are the $266 million in economic assistance and $142 mil Economy grows 7.5 percent; By MARTIN CRUTSINGER Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON The economy spurted at a surprisingly, .strong 7.5 percent annual clip in the second quarter, with inflation remain ing under control, the government reported yesterday. The White House called that "exceptionally good news," but private economists predicted the continued boom would lead to a bust, and stock prices dropped amid investor fears that interest rates will be driven higher. The Dow Industrials closed off 4.75 points after a dou- was in the United States illegally and had no home. The school's owner and head coach, Chuck Grillo, contacted the Crow Wing County sheriff's department. According to the Dispatch, Sk vorsov was placed in a temporary home by the Crow Wing Social Services after Ball contacted them recently. An official of the Social Services department, reached Sunday, would not comment on the case or the girl's whereabouts. Ball had been quoted in the Dispatch story as saying Friday that he had pieced together the girl's story after cutting through red tape with the U.S. Immigra tion and Naturalization Service, but got nowhere with the Soviet Embassy. He said then that the INS "said she does have a file and she's what they call a 'stayover.' She was due to be deported in July 1983, but nobody can find the file. They don't know what to do with her until they find the file..." Ball originally said she was from Kiev, in the Ukraine, and he said she had seven brothers in the U.S.S.R. that are hockey stars. "She's not able to play hockey over in Russia because she's a female, so she wants to develop her skills here and then go back and show her brothers how good a hockey player she is," the patch story quoted Ball as saying. lion in military assistance request ed in February for other countries in Central America." Duarte denied charges by a hu man rights group, Americas Watch, that indiscriminate attacks on civil ians by El Salvador's armed forces are continuing at a high level. In a report July 13, the group said 1,331 non-combatants had been killed in the first six months of 1984, mainly from air attacks. "There might be bombing in ares ble-digit dip through much of the day. The growth figure released by the Com merce Department for economic activity from April through June was sharply higher than the preliminary estimate last month of 5.7 percent. The first-quarter change in the gross nation al product was put at an even stronger 10.1 percent rate, the biggest spurt since an 11 percent pace in the second quarter of 1978. While the economy grew at twice the rate analysts had predicted for the first half of the year, inflation even declined somewhat in the spring, the government said. Oscar Pumpin sits atop his sculpture of an elephant, made of old automobile bumpers, in his home in Bethpage, N Y. The 12•foot•high elephant will travel to Dallas, Texas, to grace the GOP convention hall. where they find there is guerrilla actions but there is no aerial bomb ings in any towns, and if there is one it is against my specific orders and I'll take care of that," Duarte said. Asked if he was in control of the military, Duarte said, "Oh, defi nitely." Duarte requested additional eco nomic aid during an hour-long meeting with House Majority Lead er Jim Wright, D-Texas and other House leaders. As measured by an index tied to the GNP, prices rose at an annual rate of 3.2 percent from April through June, down from 4.4 percent in the first three months of the year. The decrease was attributed to a drop in food prices. Presidential spokesman Larry Speakes said the GNP report was "exceptionally good news again." "While growth continues on an excellent track, inflation remains nailed down and the economy is on track," he said. However, there was a different reaction on Wall Street, where stock prices fell as the Demonstrators riot as Marcos gives speech By DAVID BRISCOE Associated Press Writer MANILA, Philippines Sol diers used tear gas to rout an estimated 18,000 anti-government demonstrators yesterday as Presi dent Ferdinand E. Marcos asked his opponents in the new National Assembly to help him avoid a "gruesome future" for the Phil ippines. Several hundred riot police and soldiers guarded the assembly in suburban Quezon City was. Fire trucks stood by. Police also lined up for several miles along the main route leading to the assem bly. Marcos addressed his State of the Nation speech to the opening of the assembly in which his oppo nents hold their largest minority in 13 years. Marcos said the re-imposition of martial law was not "imminent," and he drew applause when he said he would not use his sweeping powers without the approval of a caucus of his governing party. Although Marcos lifted martial law in 1980 after eight years, he retained powers that permit him to legislate by decree. The attack by some 2,000 anti riot troops, at a downtown plaza several miles from the assembly building, left several opposition leaders reeling from the effects of tear gas. The fleeing marchers burned a military jeep. About 1,000 later rallied in a churchyard, de nouncing the assembly, Marcos' 19-year-old authoritarian regime, U.S. involvement in the Phil ippines and the nation's economic ills, including a $26 billion foreign debt on which no payments have been made for nine months. AP Laserphoto Four hospitals reported treating 13 of the protesters for minor fractures, bruises and inhalation of tear gas. Police said they broke up the march because intelligence re ports showed it was infiltrated by communists who planned to cause violence. Marcos' allegations that com munists are attempting to create inflation declines The Daily. Collegian Tuesday, July 24, 1984 `lf our republic falls, it will not fall into your hands. It will fall into the hands of those who seek political power through the barrel of a gun.' —Philippines President Ferdinand E. Marcos to new National Assembly political instability were the main point of his speech. "It is something else, however, to suggest that under these condi tions, the proclamation of martial law is imminent," said Marcos, adding that martial law is not needed because his emergency law-making powers enable him to deal with trouble. Marcos urged opponents to op pose subversion and terrorism. "The problems we face if not solved may well wipe out our future and our republic, and in their stead may rise an alien faith and a gruesome future in which neither you nor I will have a place," said Marcos, apparently referring to communism. "If our republic falls, it will not fall into your hands. It will fall into the hands of those who seek politi cal power through the barrel of a gun," he said. Marcos' opponents, who held a maximum of 13 seats in the pre vious assembly, won 71 of the .183 contested seats during the elec tions May 14. The outcome of some contests still is in dispute. Seven teen of the 200 assembly seats are filled by presidential appointment. Supporters'of Marcos remain in firm control of the assembly, and they elected longtime Marcos ally, Nicanor Yniguez, as speaker. :: Among those who did not .ap plaud Marcos during his assembly speech was opposition Assembly man Ramon Mitra. latest news spurred greater fears that rapid economic growth will drive up interest rates, revive inflation and eventually bring on a new recession. Treasury Secretary Donald T. Regan, meet ing with reporters, said he could not under stand the market's reaction to the GNP report. "The outlook is good over the next 12 months," Regan said. Regan predicted investors would rally once they realized that "inflation is staying down and look at it from that point of view rather than that growth is bad." Elephant goes GOP By HENRIETTA LEITH Associated Press Writer BETHPAGE, N.Y. Oscar Pumpin makes life-size sculp tures of animals out of old auto mobile bumpers, and tonight he will take his biggest work on the road to Dallas a 12-foot-high elephant that will grace the GOP convention hall. The sculptor even hopes that President Reagan will take time out to inspect the creation and perhaps pose for a picture with it. On Sunday the 48-year-old Pumpin, who has done nothing but make and sell bumper sculp tures for the past decade, was busy finishing up the elephant and still had the lower part of the mouth and one tusk to assemble with his acetylene torch. "The tusks are foreign auto bumpers because they're small er," he explained during a brief intermission in his work. "The sides are made out of 30 Mercury bumpers I get them from a place out here on Long Island that gets all the bent bumpers and fixes them to sell to' body shops." Pumpin planned to set off for Dallas at about 10 p.m., driving alone with the Republican Party symbol on shining display behind him. AP Laserphoto The elephant is the most mas sive work he has attempted. opinions editorial opinion Jesse's 'business transactions' Jesse Jackson may soon be packing his toothbrush and updating his passport for another trip overseas. It would be his third such' "buSiness trip" this year. In January he flew to Syria in the interest of private Americans, and in July he met with officials in Cuba to make another such transaction. In some ways, Jackson is the epitome of the perfect businessman. He does his home work and learns as much as he can before meeting with the other "company boss." He smiles a lot, shakes hands and can be very. persuasive. And in, the end, Jackson gets what he wants. He closes the deal and comes home with exactly what he promised to the American public, whether it's an American pilot. from Syria or several "criminals" from Cuba. The difference between Jackson's busi ness deals and the average citizen's foreign business negotiations is that Jackson is meeting not with average foreign business men but with the heads of these govern ments. And the deals are not simply business transactions for private enter prise, but they are deals which directly affect the welfare of American citizens, and therefore indirectly, affect the image of the United States in the world. During his next trip, Jackson intends to negotiate with Soviet officials and make a deal concerning the welfare of Andrei Sak harov, a Soviet political dissident. As in the past, Jackson will attempt to convince the foreign government to allow Sakharov to leave their country and come to the United States. But there is one glaring difference be tween this proposed trip and the previous ones. In Syria and in Cuba, Jackson was pleading for the freedom of American citi zens who were being held against their will in a foreign country by that government. His objective was to bring American - citi zens back to the United States. His negotia tions were based on the premise that he was acting as a private citizen attempting to guarantee the freedom of, fellow Ameri cans, not as a government official or in the Grace LoMonaco; News Editor: Heidi Beeler; Sports da th il e y Collegian Editors: John Severance and Rick Stouch; Photo Editor: Paul Chiland; Assistant Photo Editor: Bill Cramer; Arts Editor: Diane DiPiero; Graphics Editor: Tony Ciccarelli; Copy Editors: Rebecca Albert, John Holt and Stella Tsai; Weekly Collegian Editor: Michele Jo Pupach. Tuesday, July 24, 1984 ©1984 Collegian Inc. Brian.E. Bowers Editor The Daily Collegian's editorial opinion is determined by its Board of Opinion, with the editor holding final responsibility. Opinions expressed on the editorial pages are not necessarily those of The Daily Collegian, Collegian Inc. or The Pennsylvania State University. Collegian Inc., publishers of. The Daily Collegian and related publications, is a separate corporate institution from Penn State. Board of Editors Managing' Editor: Lori Musser; Editorial Editor: Ron Yeany; Assistant Managing Editor: Ease of domestic freedom of speech is absent in the United States b By JOHN MORRIS Recently my views in a letter to this paper were exposed to steam roller criticism which was, howev er, of such intellectual fluffiness that I can best like the experience to being savaged by a sheep. Since one of the two wooly brutes perpetrating the attack was Jeffrey Diecidue, a Collegian columnist, I have been kindly allowed this space to offset his former advantage over me as a mere letter writer. forum In Monty Python's film "The Holy Grail," you may remember, that King Arthur comes up against the reckless Black Knight, who is swift ly disarmed . — quite literally by the worthy monarch, but who even so presses his assault by bleeding on his opponent. This technique is rath er ineffective, but still, some of what is thrown invariably sticks to the victim; so my task and Arthur's seem similar: to sponge away some of the clinging muck, and with luck help our antagonists to a more com plete appreciation of the rules of the game and what would count as worthwhile participation in it. A main rule of the democ6tic game is freedom of speech, and the U.S., as a representative (though not "participatory") democracy in the West, enshrines this in its Con stitution. The presumed result of interest of President Reagan's administra tion. Andrei Sakharov is a Soviet citizen who is being held in his own country in accordance with Soviet law. Jackson may not agree with that law, nor may most Americans. But the fact remains that this deal is not one which will restore freedom to an American citizen. Introducing an American viewpoint into an issue which directly concerns a Soviet citizen and his government turns what was once a Soviet issue into one of international concern. Although private American citizens may support Sakharov's ideas and be concerned with his welfare, international negotiation is the responsibility of the government, not the private citizen. Legally, only the presi dent and his appointed representatives have the right to make dabble in foreign affairs. Jesse Jackson, private citizen, is. not a foreign ambassador, nor does he have the president's sanction to negotiate with for eign governments. Up to this point,, his missions have been, for the most part, ignored by the Reagan administration for any number of reasons, not the least of which might be that he has been successful and hasn't offended Syrian or Cuban offi cials. But should the Soviets take offense, for whatever reasons, at Jackson's interfer ence with their internal policies, the impli cations could be disastrous for the United States. Obviously, angering the Soviets will not improve our already strained relations with them, and will only embarrass our official ambassadors and perhaps make their jobs more difficult. Jackson's efforts to preserve freedom for all Americans is a fine example of Ameri can idepls, but he should be careful not to overstep his bounds by interfering with foreign policy. That is, in the least, solely the responsibility of the president, and at most, an unwelcome and potentially explo sive intrusion in Soviet internal affairs. Board of Managers Accounting Department Manager: Mary T. McCaffrey; Office Manager: Merle Freeman; Sales Manager: Michael Meyers; Layout Coordinator: Corinne Salameh; Marketing Manager: James F. Emmer ling; National Ad Manager: Laura Helbling. Kathy Connolly Business Manager Complaints: News and editorial complaints should be presented to the editor. Business and advertising com plaints should be presented to the business manager. If a complaint is not satisfactorily resolved, grievances may be filed with the Accuracy and Fair Play Committee of Collegian Inc. Information on filing grievances is available from Gerry Lynn Hamilton, executive secretary, Collegian Inc. this is a "free market" of ideas, butting up against one another until the most reasonable arguments knock the others off their feet. But the most reasonable arguments aren't always victorious, and a ma jor reason is that they are often discounted even before entering the ring because of the people who pro pose them. History is littered with arguments ignored because their proponents were black, or women, or commu nists, or capitalists, or Irish, or in some other way not quite the norm at the time. Some ideas are even now discounted because they come from College professors, or nuclear engineering students. And it was on this tone that Mr. Diecidue relied in his "refutation" of my views. Why else was it necessary to centre the whole column around an assumed "unfamiliarity with the idea of free speech in the U.S." on my part, all because I am English? This suggests that an understanding of such principles comes only with being born American, but this is as much piffle as the idea that French or Italians are born great lovers. It's more likely that these things are learned, in which case my 25 years of life and my major presu mably give me a fair insight into them, not to mention my upbringing in English culture, which is not called the cradle of modern democ racy for nothing. Those who feel we non-Americans do not understand U.S. ideas of freedom of speech might do well to glance at some of its origins, and note which continent they first made their appearance on no, it wasn't this one. Unfortunately, by being so keen to mention my nationality as grounds for dismissing my views, Mr. Dieci due entirely missed what I said. I was defending Kristine Sorchilla's column of July 3rd which (if you were to believe her detractors) was apparently designed to weigh the U.S. against East Berlin and have the latter come off best, thus prov ing Ms. Sorchilla to be not only remarkably naive but also pro-Sovi et; and it was suggested on this interpretation that she go to Moscow if she disliked the U.S. so much. A more credible interpretation of the article is that Ms. Sorchilla wanted to make readers in a July 4th mood think about the freedoms they have in the light of the penal ties they pay for them. We all know why there are fewer rapes in East Berlin than in New York; because there's not enough personal free dom even for crimes to occur. To tell us this when we already know it, as some writers did, was to suppose that Ms. Sorchilla was stupid, and to build up a "straw man" which could be knocked down easily by a clumsy recitation of such obvious facts, making the critic look clever in comparison. This entirely missed the point, which was not so facile as to prove the U,.S. inferior to East Berlin (something even East Ger mans wouldn't swallow ! ) but to prompt thought about the fact that freedom has two sides: the U.S. government will not tell you where reader opinion Who knows best? In response to your July 12 editorial "Define clear cut goals first," this will be done once again. 1. Wage disparity is certainly a volatile issue, but our main goal is to have a voice in the choices that are now being made "for us." There are many issues that concern us not only on the university level but a national level. 2. Through research, you would have learned that 9 to 5, The National Organization for Working Women, has been an association for over ten years, has 20 chapters nation wide, including Alaska and Hawaii, and has over 12,000 members. No one has to "insist" it's not a union. Hence, your "go on strike" statement is highly inappropirate. It is statements like this that make people believe the only thing unions do is go on strike. This does not educate people 3. I keep wondering what it was we (not all are members of Nattany 9 to 5) did on April 25th, National Secretary's Day, at our meeting with Ray Fortunato and Sue Flaig. Our concerns were well-discussed, and through our petition drive our goals very clearly defined. 4. We will, in no way, have an unfair advantage over our male co-workers simply because they also share these concerns. These are goals that both sexes have. It is not a female/male tug of war. 5. Why do we want a meeting with the "top brass?" Because it will enhance our relationship with the adminis tration and hopefully they will come to the realization that we are not the "troublemakers" some have made us out to be, but hard workers who know the issues and' want respect put back in our careers. Once again, we want to be listened to with "open" ears. Forming a committee to speak for us when one member is a clerical employee who knows the issues is ironic. Who knows best? Certainly , not someone who has never been there. In the future, please contact someone who can give you the factual information needed Susan DelPonte, secretary-College of Science July 17 PSU students Thanks, When I read The Daily Collegian editorial published on July 17, I realized we have' not let you, the Collegian readers, know how fully Penn State students do partici pate in the Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts. The printed program was prepared, in part, by stu- to live, but it also won't save you from the gutter. The knee-jerk reaction of the writ er who suggested that for pointing out such things Ms. Sorchilla should "trymoving to Moscow" was pre dictable, and sadly, very American. The insinuation that Ms. Sorchilla's critical comments made her some how not worthy to stay in the U.S. is typical of the "America, love it or leave it" school of thought (and by the way, the quotation marks here are to signify this as a cliche, not an actual quote), which had its heyday in the McCarthy era, but is still flushed with health. I have noticed that in England people can and do critique every thing, including the Prime Minister, and even the monarchy. This shows an ease with domestic freedom of speech which is absent here, where criticism of the president, etc., is muted for fear of being thought disloyal, or "un-American," or na ively pro-Soviet. This is the irony of U.S. democracy, that freedom of speech should be made less by the fear of saying the "wrong" thing in public and being branded as sus pect. Adding to this irony is that all such "branding" of the speaker in order to dismiss his views is (as already mentioned above) an illegit imate way of conducting the game of democracy to begin with. In this country you do not take criticism lightly, because you take your coun try so seriously you see it as a moral thing, not simply an accident tir lets 1 4 • : , /40), =ice dents. For example, its photographs had been taken the previous year by our "official" photographer, Joe Luppi no, when he was a student. The program itself was made camera-ready by graphic design students Greg Klee, Anne Murdoch, and Lynne Smyers; under the direction of Professor Lanny Sommese, head of Graphic Design. Lisa Rimskey and other Landscape Architecture stu dents revised maps and mounted signs for the benefit of all festival visitors. Many students have conducted research projects on the festival. Sandra Little and Joan Hayford collected data from over 3,000 festival visitors for their continuing project in the Department of Parks and Recreation. Sandra is using the Arts Festival as a topic for her doctoral dissertation. Three masters degree candidates in Business Administration studied the economic impact of the Arts Festival on the business community. Countless Speech 200 students have analyzed the festival, as have art education majors. Andrea Beaver worked for sixth months on a research paper collecting and analyzing information from the Sidewalk Sale and Exhibition artists last year. Another undergraduate student continued the project this summer. We provide brochures about the Annual Sidewalk Sale and Exhibition, the indoor shows, the poetry competition, and other events at the HUB desk and at Kern in the hope that students will participate in these aspects of the Arts Festival. Student performers share their talents in the regularly scheduled performances and in the open mike program. Four students helped to erect and dismantle the perform ing arts tents. Several fraternities helped to stuff enve lopes before the festival and to pick up trash during the events of last week. We rely on students to inform you about the festival through the Collegian and WDFM. Many a Collegian reporter received his first assignment to cover the festi val. No "party" would be complete without guests. We are pleased to have students who are attending the summer session come to the festival and to host other students who are not enrolled during the summer. Thank you, the students of The Pennsylvania State University, for your participation in the 1984 Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts. Lurene Frantz, PSU 1961, 1967 Managing Director, Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts July 23 of birth. This is, perhaps, because for n .any of your forebears it wasn't, and so nationality is for you much more of a personal thing, making criticism of country more apparently personal. Be this as it may, this peculiarly American attitude makes it much more important for you to cling to nationality, and much easier for you to get hot under the collar when your "Americanism" is called into doubt; moreover, the temptations for using such a tactic are much greater here than elsewhere. Unfor tunately, again, this only has the effect of stifling criticism, restrict ing the flow of varied ideas and the supply of eccentric citizens (no one here wants to be eccentric!) and so in the end making the "free market of ideas" less well-stocked that in some of the other western democra cies. Mr. Diecidue interpreted my de fense of Ms. Sorchilla's right to say what she did in her column without being branded as suitable export material to the USSR as being a repudiation of the right of others to disagree with her at all; this is a conclusion of such monumental con fusion that it is enough to make a strong man cry. However, it is quite • understand able that if one could not quite believe that when I wrote my letter I really meant to say "myopia" in such a public forum, as Mr. Dieci due apparently could not since he spent a good deal of his column trying to convince me that I had The Daily Collegian Tuesday, July 24, 1984 really meant to say "narrow minded" instead; and also "seem ing paradox" instead of "irony" —if one devoted too much attention to matters of such huge triviality, it's quite obvious where one could go wrong. The fact is, given all that is above, it would have been somewhat incon sistent for me to object to the views of others being aired either because I objected to the writer or to the views themselves. The opponents of Ms. Sorchilla had, in other words, the same right to speak up as she, however bumbling their analyses. A major drawback to free speech, after all, is the risk it gives bf exposing oneself to the world as a fool. The danger to free speech comes, though, when myopic com mentators start judging views on the basis of personal characteristics (eg. that I am English) and assum ing for themselves the power to decide who deserves to be banished to Moscow for their views ( eg. Ms. Sorchilla). That type of tactic has much more in common, it seems to me, with those used by totalitarian systems, which bully their citizens in such ways, than with the ideas of Western Democracy. With luck, the Western Democracies will survive such ten dencies, which if the reaction to Ms. Sorchilla's article is anything to go by, are certainly out there among us. John Morris is a graduate student of political science.
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