6—The Daily Collegian Friday, Nov. 13, 1981 English professor takes U. S. trip to gather material By PATRICIA FITZGERALD Daily Collegian Staff Writer In June of 1978, John Balaban, Univer sity associate professor of English and comparative literature, began a cross country journey in a manner usually not associated with college professors. Equipped with a CB radio, slingshot, lobster pot and knapsack of clothes, Balaban began his trek on Route 80 in Philipsburg and proceeded westward through Pittsburgh, St. Louis, Cebolla Canyon and Red River, N.M. In addition to his CB and backpack, he also carried a letter from the associate dean of the College of The Liberal Arts a letter which explained the purpose of his mission. "To whom it may concern: This is to state that John Balaban is an associate professor of English at the Pennsylvania State University. During this summer, Professor Balaban will be hitchhiking across the United States in order to gather material for his current writing project. Any courtesies you might extend him in the furtherance of his academic project will be appreciated." Three years later, Balaban has re created these cross-country, hitchhiking adventures along with Vietnam War ex periences and Romanian travels into a book of poetry titled "Blue Mountain," to be published in January by Unicorn Press. In the preface of the book, Balaban _explains his motive for relying on his thumb to get from State College to San Francisco. `•`Flying out is no good," Balaban writes. "All you see are clouds, river loops, ,peaks and prairies. Buses are deadly because you can't see anything and, worse yet, you can't get off them when the ride goes sour." • "Hitchhiking is best because you meet nice people: stones truckers, aural mas seuses, dogpit trainers, rodeo riders, molybdenum miners, middle-aged, ex . 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Even though it only took him between five and six days to travel cross-country, there were times when the going got a little rough, he said. A Wyoming state trooper threatened to arrest him; a trucker once pulled a gun on him,. and there were times when he had to wait and wait for a ride. "Salt Lake City isn't actually the friendliest place in the world," the poet said. "They don't like hitch-hikers, and they are highly suspicious of anyone without a car. They think you're a mes senger of the devil if you don't have a car." Balaban's 1978 trip was his third cross country journey. By this time, he had more or less perfected the art of hitchhik ing by relying not so much on the 'ole thumb but rather on a CB radio to com municate with those rambling down the INTERNATIONAL Audiovideo Frank Ancharski Steven Shane Audio .. 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All of his hitchhiking experiences, both good and bad, in some way have worked —John Balaban their way into most of the pciems in the first section of the book. Balaban's reasons for embarking on cross-country journeys stem from a question that is indirectly raised in the second section of the book: How did the Vietnam War effect the United States? "When I came back from the war, I found it very hard to live here," he said. "I had been away a long time, and like 500,000 other Americans, I felt unwel comed. So I needed to take a good look at the country; I needed to find out about home again." Balaban participated in the . Vietnem War as a conscientious objector. From 1967-68, he taught linguistics at the Uni versity of Can Tho in the Mekong Delta. Then from 1968-69, after the university was bombed and destroyed, Balaban worked as a field representative for the Committee of Responsibility to Save War-Injured Children. His war-time experiences have dra matically influenced his writings. Bal aban's first book of poetry, "After Our War," devotes itself to the horrors of the war. It was named the Lamont Selection Good Luck to the Lady Lion Volleyball team at the NCAA playoffs. Let's Go Penn State! of the Academy of American Poets in 1974. His retrospective essay of the war, "Doing Good" was included in the Push cart Prize Annual for 1978. "Balaban's essay 'Doing Good' is, with these poems (`After Our War'), probably the best writing.by an American to have emerged from direct encounter with the horror of that war," wrote contemporary poet, Denise Levertov. "The war has been over a long time," the poet said staring out his office win dow, "but I still think about it all the time. It was very hard coming back, especially when a lot of my friends didn't come back." Balaban came to the University in 1970. Then in 1971 and 1972, through a grant from the National Endowments for the Humanities, he returned to Vietnam to collect ca dao, which are traditional, Vietnamese lyric poems. Balaban was the first person to ever record these ca dao, which he estimates to be nearly 2,000-years-old. The poems are sung without musical accompani ment and deal with such experiences as love, marriage, birth and death. Balaban collected 500 of the existing 5,- 000 ca dao. These were translated and compiled into "Ca Dao Vietnam: A Bil ingual Anthology of Vietnamese Folk Poetry," which was published in 1980. "Many of the . poems in the second section of "Blue Mountain" are also retrospective of the war," Balaban says. "It gives a sense of looking back into Vietnam'and the people there." The third section of the book, "Blue Mountain, Black Sea," relates many of the poet's experiences in Romania. Throughout the book, there are refer ences to "Blue Mountain." A few of the poems actually refer to it as a place, while others merely hint at it. "Generally the theme of the book is finding a place in a bare landscape. Whether it is in the United States or places like Romania people are always trying to do this; they are always search ing for a blue mountain." The Doctor ME= MEM ' L i; • .' 4 /%1;.:-.• • ' w!itormo v 1 Attention Faculty Members! 7.. 4" , , ,7 . DO YOU NEED CLASS MATERIAL \' k‘;•l,_:_x/ DUPLICATED FOR WINTER TERM?? s; . &I ~ ) • Leave required material with Kinko's. We duplicate and sell direct ! I x% f 7 gh I I I 1 •No charge to you or your department . • • Reading packets prepared FAST! kinko's • 256 E. Beaver Ave. (across from Penn Tower) copies Open 7 days Phone 238-COPY . info available ••••#/#* R Y l #: vv., *Do John Balaban 1 ~ 41 1 ' - ,•=4,- , %.`,....,?;‘... .t.t, ~.'`... ;1!":•••-..", :"c:-.N,, . S'.'''..., :-. z 'f' ,-',"•'/- ,I . il• .: ' gt • .1.1:1: ;" Photo by Suzanne Tyrrell m'eagan refuses Stockman's resignation offer By OWEN ULLMANN Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) Budget Director David A. Stock man confessed to "poor judgment and loose talk" in what he termed a visit to President Reagan's woodshed yesterday. But Reagan rejected his offer to quit for having expressed doubts about the economic program he helped design. Stockman, in quavering voice, said he tendered his resignation in a'4s-minute Oval Office'meeting with a "very chagrined" president, who, at the end, "asked me to stay on the team." He agreed. Stockman's comments broke a two-day silence by himself and the president despite the political furor caused by an article, in the December issue of the Atlantic Monthly. Stockman is quoted in the piece as having misgivings about several elements of the administration's program. Perhaps the most damaging of those statements was his The space shuttle Columbia is framed by the American flag as it lifts off from the Kennedy Space Center yesterday morning. Four charged with Sadat assassination By ALEXANDER G. HIGGINS Associated Press Writer CAIRO, Egypt (AP) The four alleged assassins of President Anwar Sadat and 20 other Egyptians were indicted yesterday for premeditated murder and con spiracy to commit premeditated murder.• Conviction on such charges carries an automatic death penalty. Military executions in Egypt usually are by firing squad, but the defense minister urged a public hanging for the prime suspect. The court-martial begins Nov. 21, and the initial session will be open to the public. The three-judge tribunal is to decide whether the rest of the trial will be public. The ,indictment, broadcast over national television, said • the four main defendants were charged. with premeditated murder, a capital crime in Egypt. . The indictment accused Lt. Khaled Ahmed Shawki el- Islambouly of leading the attack on Sadat at a military parade outside Cairo Oct. 6. The attackers halted their truck in front tif the reviewing stand, then stormed the stand with guns blazing. According to the indictment, they killed Sadat and seven other people and wounded 27. Inclusion of 20 other defendants, charged with helping prepare the attack and smuggling in ammunition to the parade ground, was in contrast to officials' original Polish students boycott. classes By W. JOSEPH CAMPBELL Associated Press Writer WARSAW, Poland (AP) More than 100,000 Polish university students• boy cotted classes yesterday but a major regional strike by 150,000 workers in Zielona Gora province ended. The inde pendent union Solidarity said it would start negotiations with the government next week on the Polish crisis. Although new strikes by bus drivers and newspaper started yesterday, 150,- 000 striking workers in Zielona Gora province said they had heeded an appeal from Solidarity to end a regional walkout that started Oct. 22. Solidarity leaders in Zielona Gora said the strikers agreed to return to work today after receiving assurances that the union would press their demands for replacement of three state farm manage rs. In another development, Stefan Olszowski, a hardline member of the Communist Party's Politburo, told a party conference in Legnica the party "will never agree" to giving Solidarity a role in government, according to the 150,000 others heed appeal to end walkout official news agency PAP. Olszowski also said unless the indepen dent union "acts effectively to prevent strikes, definite anti-strike laws will have to be introduced. "This will mean restriction of civil liberties," PAP quoted him as saying, without providing further details. Commenting on the series of strikes, Polish Television said: "How long can one beat to death one's own country? Everybody is striking now over whatever one wants. Let's have no illusions. These are no longer just controversies between the government and Solidarity. This is a national tragedy." In announcing that union-government talks would start Tuesday, Solidarity spokeswoman Maria Komorowski said, "Its been decided and agreed upon by both parties." Polish Radio said the talks were to have started today, but that the tense labor situation around the country had forced postponement of the talks until next week. About 60 percent of the country's 91 institutions of higher learning were af fected by the student call for sympathy suggestion that the president's tax cut was a political "Trojan Horse" designed mainly to lower tax rates for the rich. A White House statement handed to reporters following Stockman's appearance said Reagan had expressed "grave concern and disappointment" about the article and his "particular dismay at the possible suggestion that his administration . L . might seek to mislead the American public. "He (Reagan) stated unequivocally that he would not tolerate any,such behavior," the statement said. Stockman, who grew up on a farm, said "My visit to the Oval Office . . . was more in the nature of a visit to the woodshed after supper." The budget director described Reagan as very disturbed. The budget director hardly appeared the confident, even cocky, spokesman that Washington so quickly grew to know claims that the attackers were an isolated group The three other main defendants were identified as Abdel Hathid Abdel Salaam Abdel Aal, owner of a bookshop; Ata Tail Hemida Rahel, an engineer, and Sgt. Hussein Abbaas Mohammed, an army reservist. The indictment said El-Islambouly "abused his posi tion as a responsible person during the military parade fraudulently to replace three crew members of his armored truck with defendants numbers two, three and four." It said El-Islambouly also brought ammunition onto the parade grounds, including four hand grenades. The indictment accused two other defendants, a blind Moslem preacher and an engineer, of instigating the crime by giving extremist interpretations of the Koran, or Moslem holy book, to justify the assassination. Other defendants were listed as an army lieutenant colonel, an engineer, nine students, a dentist, a mer chant, a pharmacist, two carpenters, a university instructor and a driver. The indictment identified the religious leaders of the group as Omar Ahmed Ali Abdel Rahman, a theology instructor, and Mohammed Abdel Salaam Farrag At teyia, an engineer. It accused Atteyia of "participating and instigating and helping the four main defendants by giving them wrong religious interpretations of the Koran." Abdel Rahman, it said, "agreed with the group and Sister shuttle aids Columbia By ROBERT LOCKE AP Science Writer PALMDALE, Calif. (AP) When the chips were down, Columbia's half-built sister ship, Challenger, sacrificed a key data instrument so that Columbia might fly. Challenger could afford it; its time for space will not come until June. Workers at the Rockwell International facility here are toiling daily over tier upon tier of scaffolding surrounding Challenger second of a planned four-ship fleet of reusable spacecraft. On Wednesday, after a problem in Columbia's data relay system jeopardized its launch, Rock well workers scavenged two 36-pound units, each the size of a breadbox, from Challenger and flew them cross-country. to Kennedy Space Center. They arrived at 9:05 p.m. EST, were installed by 10:30 p.m. and tested by midnight. NASA quickly announced that liftoff was on track, a little delayed. Last month, NASA borrowed 28 thermal blan kets from Challenger to serve as extra insulation should Columbia require it. Challenger's construction hangar, a huge, non descript building with great sliding doors is identified by a weather-battered sign as "Build ing 294." It sits on the edge of this desert town 25 miles from the dry Rogers lakebed where Colum bia ended its historic first flight last April. Dick Barton, a spokesman for Rockwell, the shuttle prime contractor, said nearly 700 men and women are 'working on final assembly of Chal lenger, and "tens of thousands from nearly every state in the union have worked on parts of it." There are "no major design changes" between Challenger, and Columbia. "There's some fine tuning and of course you upgrade your systems as you go along," Barton said, explaining that the only real difference is that systems on the Chal lenger are designed and verified to last 100 missions, while some Columbia systems were not verified. Columbia will be pulled briefly out of service and its systems upgraded once Challenger is on the job, he said. action for students at a small engi neering school in Radom, organizers of the student protest said. Students there were in the 18th day of a sit-in over a disputed election of a school rector. Scheduled lectures were replaced by discussions of the country's social and economic ills and callled forgreater aca demic freedom. Adam Pietrasiewicz, a spokesman for the Independent Students Association which organized the strike, said some of the student boycotts lasted as long as six hours. The student protests were the largest campus strike since a 28-day protest last winter over academic reforms. That strike led to registration of the student association. The official news agency PAP reported long-distance bus drivers had joined the strike in Zielona Gora province. PAP also said news vendors in Gdansk, the northeast city of Bialystok, and the western industrial center of Gorzow Wielkopolski shuttered their kiosks and papers were sold from the backs of delivery trucks. Vendors are protesting a reduction in sales commissions. following Reagan's inauguration. He appeared weary, and his voice and hands trembled as he read an opening statement to reporters saying he had offered to resign. Stockman was asked if he could remain a credible point man for Reaganomics, and replied "Well, I can't judge that, but I would only say this: that almost anything other than maybe an indiscreet quotation . . . in that article basically reflects things that I had been saying in our private deliberations as well as in public comments." But Stockman said his "poor judgement and loose talk did his (Reagan's) program a serious disservice." Although Stockman said the article presented "utterly false" impres sions and misconstrued his views, "I take full responsibility and blame." "I would not let my rambling to a reporter stand in the way" of Reagan's own credibility or that of his economic program, Stockman said in explaining why .he offered to .. .. . . . .., ~ ... . . .. . . . • .•• • . , .. ' . • • •. . . . ' . . - .• . • • '..••• -.'.•....-.• ''•. ' ' ' " ' . . . . . . „. „ ... .• . .. . . . .. . . ... . . . .. ' . '.'. •I , •..., ••' • ..- • .•• '•••.•. ... • .. ~... • . • ~. . ~ • • . ... . . .. . . • ..... .• .. .... . . , • . " , • • • • • • .. ' ' ..- • ~ . . , . . . . • . .. . . .. .. . ... ... ' ... . .. . , . • , • . ••• •:. • . :..• ..- . ::. .: • dctily . .-. • _. ~ . . •.•• •,..... C(3lli..giOn- ..% ... . . .... ' . .. . ... •• , . • .. • : . •• - . • . ••. ~. , .... •- .. . • • ..: ....,. •- . • . • -.. , ... . ... . ... •. . • , .•, . . , .. . ~ • . . . • .. • ... • .. ~ ... . . . ... . , . , . ........ ~.... ..,.... , . .., . ... , . . „ .... . . .. . , , • .. ....• . -.. .. , .• •............ ....- .... „•• .. ... • . • . . „•.• ....• .. . ~ . .... ...... instigated them to , carry out the crime and accepted being the leader of this misguided group, knowing their violent tendencies, and he justified for them the decision they had made for the assassination." The indictment accused three of the students and the merchant of participating with the main four de fendants as "leaders of religious organizations known for their misguided 'religious beliefs, which supported the assassination." Army Lt. Col. Abdel Latif Hassan el-Zomor and 13 others were accused of approving the plan to attack Sadat and helping smuggle in some of the ammunition and grenades used. Explaining the failure of Sadat's security to protect him, the indictment' said the assassins hurled three grenades and fired automatic weapons in the first few seconds of the•attack. "This stunned the persons sitting in the reviewing stand, including the president's bodyguards, and it forced them to duck," it said. The indictment capped a 5 1 / 2 -week investigation in which 750 people were arrested both in connection with the assassination and with attempts to create unrest in Egypt, officials said. A one-hour strike threat for Monday has been issued by leaders of 40,000 dairy cooperative workers to seek pay raises and a new charter. Poland's strikes have persisted despite Solidarity's leadership call that they stop while government-union talks are on. Solidarity national chairman Lech Wa lesa visited 2,500 striking miners in Sos nowiec on Wednesday and warned that the government may use force to stop their protest, called 16 days ago over a chemical throwing incident. Twenty-one miners are holding a "sit-in" in the shafts and demanding television time to air their grievances. Solidarity is proposing a six-point agenda that will be debated at the Tues day talks. The union says the agenda embraces "all the country's major prob lems." The union wants increased access to the state-run media, free local elections, an independent judicial branch of gov ernment, creation of a social-economic council representing the government, union and church, economic reforms and compensation for low-paid workers. Pieces were manufactured around the country then shipped here, where "everything is put together, with the exception of the engines," which are installed at Cape Canaveral,• Barton said. The wings were made on the East Coast, transported by ship through the Panama Canal to the Port of Long Beach, then mounted upright on the back of a truck and taken through downtown Los Angeles to Palmdale at 3 a.m. Challenger must be completed by next summer because it is to fly in 1983. The third and fourth shuttles Discovery and Atlantis are at early stages of assembly and are to follow Challenger out of the hangar at roughly one-year intervals, Barton said. Truly celebrates birthday blast CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) Richard Truly waited 16 long years before his dearest wish came true yesterday travel in space. The fact that it came on his 44th birthday was icing on the cake. "It's been a long time coming," the space program's first grandpa said prior to climbing aboard the space shuttle Columbia for its history= making second mission. • Joe Engle, Truly's commander on the shuttle mission, was also more than a little anxious for launch day. He waited 15 years for a flight and was lifted from the crew of the last moon mission to provide a spot for a geologist. Truly became the country's youngest astronaut 16 years ago, at the age of 28. His high hopes of an early space trip led to mounting frustration as one manned space project was scrubbed, another cut back and the shuttle delayed for years. His three children grew up, and he became a grandfather twice. But when his day finally came, it was grand. URBANA, 111. (AP) In the hen houses of the University of Illinois; it goes like this: fizz, fizz, plop, plop. These chickens are drinking car bonated water and then laying bet ter eggs. Scientists found that the bubbly water sets up a chemical chain reaction that makes more calcium available for eggshell pro duction. The result, said researcher Ted Odom, is stronger eggshells. "When they drink the carbonated water, the amount of breakage is significantly reduced," Odom said. The money that egg producers can save by reducing breakage should resign But the budget director denied that he has doubts about the president's program, as his statements in the article suggested. "I would not be here now, nor would I work 16 hours a day . . . if I did not believe in the president and his policies," Stockman said, adding that "honest people" may disagree on the best way to solve the nation's economic problems. He said he told the president that "I have one purpose .. . and that is to dispel any notion" that he does not have faith in the program he designed as the president's top budget planner. "I deeply regret any harm that. has been done," Stockman said, adding: "I am grateful for this second chance to get on with the job the American people sent President Reagan to do." news briefs U.S. official attacked in Paris PARIS (AP) The top U.S. offi cial in France ducked an assassin's bullets yesterday, crouching behind his car when a bearded gunman in a black leather jacket emptied a sev en-shot pistol at him in a posh resi dential area near the Eiffel Tower. Christian Chapman, 60, charge d'affaires at the U.S. Embassy, was not hit. The gunman escaped and no group claimed responsibility. But Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr. said in Washington that Libyan leader Moammar Khadafy could have been behind the shooting. The Foreign Ministry said Chap man recently reported he had been threatened, but that he had not ac cepted an offer of police protection, which will be provided from now on. "I was just walking out of my Friday the 1 3th HARRISBURG (AP) For the superstitious, Friday the 13th is a special day for avoiding peacock feathers, one-legged chickens and sidewalk cracks. If you are keeping count, this is the third Friday the 13th in 1981 with the others in February and March. Last year, the superstitious had to fear Friday the 13th only in June and next year they will have cause for worry only in August. Even when it does not fall on the 13th, Friday is considered an un lucky day by many. Traditionally, sailors do not like starting a voyage that day and some people believe it is bad to be born or married on Fizz helps hens lay better eggs The Daily Collegian Friday, Vov. 13, 1981 For now, Challenger's six windows are covered with green•plastic, as is its open nose. The cargo bay doors are not attached and workers move about on ladders and catwalks, installing cables, conduits and tubing. Much of the work involves applying the 30,800 heat-resistant tiles about 50 more than protect Columbia from the fiery heat of re-entry. Each tile is attached individually by workers who wear white gloves as they select the appro priately numbered piece, apply glue, set it in place and tighten it down mechanically. Barton said the ship was first assembled three years ago and delivered to a nearby site for a series of stress tests.. "Then it came back here and-we dismantled it" to install the systems and subsystems for final assembly. "I'm going to have the biggest birthday candle I ever had," Truly had predicted when he and Engle arrived from Houston on Tuesday. The celebration began as soon as he entered the astronauts' dining room for an early morning breakfast. The room was festooned with ribbons, and along with his steak and eggs was a shuttle shaped centerpiece and a birthday cake. His fellow astronauts sang "Happy Birthday" and tossed streamers and balloons. The song was later sung by onlookers as Truly boarded a blue van to take him and Engle to the launch pad. He flashed a huge grin and waved. On launch pad 39A, a long, multicolored "Hap py Birthday" banner hung over the hatchway to the orbiter. It was signed by members of the launch crew. And minutes before the 1010 a.m. shuttle liftoff, a section of Very Important Persons sitting in bleachers at a special viewing site burst out in a spontaneous tribute by singing "Happy Birth day." house, and I noted a young man on the right about 50 feet away," Chap man told a news conference at the U.S. Embassy after the attack "He had a black beard, jet-black eyes and an athletic build. He was a very handsome young man a Middle Eastern type." The man, in his 30s, stuck his hand in his black leather jacket and ap proached, Chapman said. "Instead of going back into the house, I stupidly continued on," he said. "I heard shots and saw him walking rapidly toward me with his hand extended. I ran forward and ducked behind the car. He started walking rather quickly away. There were several witnesses, and one young man tried to pursue him." brings bad luck Friday. But others, like Scandanavians, consider Friday the best day of the week. Perhaps this is explained by the origin of the day's name: an Anglo-Saxon word meaning Frigg's Day The number 13 has been regarded with mysticism and apprehension for centuries. In fact, there is even a word to describe those with an ab normal fear of 13 triskaideka phobics. So widespread is the discomfort with the number 13 that many hotels and office buildings simply elimi nate that floor; skipping from the 12th to the 14th floor. more than offset the cost of carbon ating water, but Odom said specific economic studies will be done later. For years, scientists have been looking for a solution to the soft shelled, easily broken eggs which are laid during hot weather. Chickens cool themselves by pant ing, but the panting also changes their blood chemistry. Carbonate is lost and less calcium is available for eggshell production, Odom said. Using carbonated water to replace carbon dioxide lost during panting seems to reverse the process. And Odom said the chickens like bubbly water.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers