Challenging the multitudes Factions fight to control Angola LUANDA, Angola <UPI) —Africa’s newest independent state fell apart yesterday on its first day of freedom. Rival nationalist groups declared themselves rulers of Angola and stepped up their 10-month-old civil war. The Marxist Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola seized power in Luanda, but opposing forces pushed toward the capital. A major battle was expected at any time and Western diplomats predicted a bloodbath. Neighboring Zaire, meanwhile, threatened to annex the oil-rich Angolan enclave of Cabinda. The Popular Movement declared sovereignty over the West African state in a wild midnight ceremony that marked the end of nearly five centuries of Portuguese domination. Its leader, Dr. Agostinho Neto, was sworn in as president of the renamed Peoples Republic of Angola. Brazil and the Soviet Union quickly recognized the self-proclaimed government. The United States will not recognize the self-proclaimed government of newly independent Angola, the State Department said yesterday. Commenting on the seizure of power by the Soviet-backed Popular Movement Watergate probe Gulf WASHINGTON (UPI) - The Watergate special prosecutor’s office yesterday said it is investigating Gulf Oil Corporation’s allegedly illegal cam paign contributions to members of Congress between 1960 and 1972. "There are still matters of in vestigation." a spokesman for the office said of the Gulf case. The spokesman declined to be specific but noted Gulf’s problems in the 1972 election were covered imNovember 1973, when the company and its chief Washington officer, Claude Wild Jr., pleaded guilty to violation of the federal campaign finance law in connection with $125,000 in contributions to the cam paigns of former President Richard M. .Nixon, Rep. Wilbur Mills, D-Ark., and Sen. Henry M. Jackson, D-Wash. The law prohibits the use of corporate money to finance campaigns of federal candidates. UPI learned a former Gulf official told government investigators he delivered sealed envelopes allegedly filled with Weather A major weather change to wintry conditions is in store for State College. Becoming cloudy, windy and cool with rain developing today and continuing into tonight. High 55. Cloudy, windy and cold late tonight with chance of a shower, temperatures falling into the 40s by dawn. Mostly cloudy and cold tomorrow with a few showers or possibly a snow flurry late in the day. High 44. the daily \V £ ; ; FACING ODDS OF 41 TO 1, Chess Grandmaster Walter Browne plays 41 con secutive games with chess enthusiasts at an exhibition game last night at Waring Lounge. See story, page 3. for the Liberation of Angola, spokesman Robert L. Funseth said the United States supports an Organization of African Unity resolution opposing any govern ment not representative of all three factions fighting for power in the former Portuguese African territory. Inland at Nova Lisboa, however, the two groups opposed to Neto, the National Front for the Liberation of Angola and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola, unilaterally declared sovereignty over the mineral rich state, naming it the “Popular and - By UPI Democratic Republic of Angola.” The U N - General Assembly’s linking Together the two movements hold of Zionism with racism drew strong sway over most of the territory, now reactions around the world yesterday. It effectively carved up along tribal lines. was denounced by Israel and European The United States said it would not nations as anti-Semitic, priased by the recognize any of the rival groups. Most Soviet Union and Communist bloc, and other Western nations were expected to hailed as a major victory by Arabs, do the same. There also were demands that the Neto swore to hold the country assembly, which approved the together and praised “those who are at resolution by 72 to 35 with 32 abstentions this moment at the battlefront Monday night, reconsider its action, preventing the enemy from destroying In the United States President Ford the gains already achieved.” said he deplored the .U.N. resolution But as he spoke, an armored column of calling Zionism a form of racism but National Front and National Union indicated he will reject pressures to troops rolled toward the capital from the withdraw from the world body, south after spectacularly capturing four The Senate yesterday unanimously approved a joint resolution urging Congress to “reassess further par ticipation” of the United States in the U.N. General Assembly. The resolution, however, failed to win House approval. In Jerusalem, Israeli officials branded the resolution as antisemitic and said U.N. approval crippled chances for officials donations cash to at least 15 other present and former members of Congress between 1960 and 1972. Frederick Myers, who retired in June after 47 years with Gulf, said he delivered the envelopes “maybe four or five or six times a to the Capitol Hill offices of senators and represen tatives. Myers said he made 20 trips outside Washington to make deliveries to Gulf officials, senators, congressmen or their campaign aides and former Kansas Gov. William Avery. Myers said he saw the envelopes opened twice, in Pittsburgh and in a small town near Nashville, Tenn. The envelopes were filled with cash. In Pittsburgh, Gulf protested the “premature” disclosures of allegedly illegal campaign contributions but said it would not take legal action to prevent them. “Gulf believes it is unfortunate that the reputations of the recipients of the contributions may be tarnished by the public disclosure without regard to whether or not the recipient had knowledge of the contribution or the legality of the funds,” Gulf said in a statement. It said it “assumes” all the political contributions mentioned in depositions taken by the Securities and Exchange Commission from former company employes “refer to the use of either the legal fund to which em ployes contributed or the previously disclosed illegal fund of $10.3 million.” W 202 PATTZE Collegian major towns in the past 10 days. The anti-Popular Front forces mor tared the city’s water pipeline in stallations Monday, reducing supplies to a trickle yesterday. U.N. resolution branded as anti-Semitic Demonstrators mar Pittsburgh dinner Kissinger stresses summit impact By GLENDA GEPHART Collegian Staff Writer PITTSBURGH President Ford’s meeting in Paris this weekend with other world leaders will be an im portant move toward confirming allied economic cooperation at a crucial time, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger said last night. Kissinger emphasized the need for the world’s in dustrial' democracies to work together to combat growing crises in energy, trade and monetary in flation. He also stressed the role the United States must play in bringing about solutions to these problems. Kissinger was speaking to an audience of nearly 1,500 people at a dinner in his honor sponsored by the World Affairs Council of Pittsburgh. His appearance was marked by about 200 demon strators outside the Hilton Hotel where he spoke. The crowd consisted primarily of American Greeks protesting U.S. aid to Turkey in light of the controversy over Cyprus. “We have reached a new stage of alliance relations, marked by greater equality and sharing of initiative and responsibility,” he added. One major issue Ford will discuss this weekend will be economic problems developing from industrial nations’ dependence on oil, Kissinger said. Kissinger described price-related actions by oil producing nations as a “direct challenge to all in dustrial democracies.” “A central element of the price structure of our economies was now at the mercy of other countries whose interests were hardly identical with our own,” he said. PSU Senate rejects redemption option The University Faculty Senate yesterday soundly defeated the proposed academic redemption option (ARO) and abolished the present course repeat option. The Senate also voted to revise the present drop period rule and to retain the pass-fail option. Although amendments to the ARO proposal, including limiting ARP to 12 credits instead of 18, were considered, the amendments were voted down. Rule M3-B, the course repeat option, was abolished because, in the opinion of many senators, the option is difficult to administer and is discriminatory because it favors the under-achieving student. In some cases students have begged professors for F’s rather than D’s because only a failed course may be repeated. With the revision of the drop period rule, a student still will be able to drop or add a course as under the present Women Photo by Ira JoHa A group of irate women is planning to rally outside Phi Gamma Delta fraternity’s house tonight “to make women aware that frats are unsafe places for women to go.” Rally organizer Shelley Gottsaten (lOth-English) said women are outraged by reports of druggings and rapes in fraternities. Although such rumors have been circulating around campus, The Daily Collegian has been unable to substantiate them, nor have any criminal charges been filed. “We feel that nothing has been done and IFC (Inter fratemity Council) is just pushing this thing aside,” Gottsaten said. IFC President James Sullivan had no comment on the rally. However, Phi Gamma Delta President Rick Knechtel said, “I think this is a premature action on their part. Nothing has been proven. The case is still under investigation.” Gottsaten said-she has heard of rapes at other fraternities peace in the Middle East. But they said Israel would not withdraw from the United Nations or recall its am bassadors from countries which voted for the resolution. “Nothing is in the works,” an official said. “By leaving the U.N. or its agen cies we would be playing into the hands of the Arabs and helping their objective of isolating Israel.” An Israeli official said the “resolution against Zionism is directed against the Jewish people in its entirety and is a disguise for antisemitism.” “The general assembly...has offended the memory of the victims of Nazism and racism as well as freedom fighters who gave their lives in the anti-Nazi fight,” the official added. One official said the assembly’s call for the Palestine Liberation .Organization to be invited to the Geneva peace talks “has put tremendous ob stacles in the way of convening the conference.” “This was the purpose of those who By mikS^ust Collegian Staff Writer By LEON POLLOM Collegian Staff Writer “We must not let our economic future remain in definitely subject to decisions made by countries which cannot be expected to have our best interests at heart,” Kissinger said. He said Ford will urge the summit to commit itself to an even more forceful line of challenging the oil countries’ power to set prices unilaterally. The United States also will, emphasize action toward self sufficiency, Kissinger said. Ford’s meeting Saturday, dubbed the “economic summit,” will involve the government heads of Great Britain, West Germany, France, Italy and Japan. These leaders, Kissinger said, must cooperate to adapt trade and monetary systems to present conditions, stabilizing the international economy. “A decade of upheaval impels us to make the cooperation of the industrial democracies as dynamic and creative a force in shaping a new world en vironment as it was a generation ago,” he said. “Collective approaches to our common problems have become more and more indispensible.” * Because of the nature of international relations today with interdependence among nations, Kissinger pointed out that many new problems have developed. “In the thermo-nuclear age, there is no alternative to coexistence ... years of exertion have distributed power in the world and require wider participation,” he said. Another proposal Ford will offer the’meeting will be establishment of periodic summit meetings to evaluate progress of member nations and to review any further decisions needed, he said. Kissinger said if this proposal is accepted, Secretary of Treasury William Simon will represent the United Ten cents per copy Wednesday, November 12,1975 Vol. 76, No. 79 16 pages University Park, Pennsylvania Published by Students of The Pennsylvania State University system. But the student now will be allowed to drop a course without petitioning his college from the third week of a term until the last day of the eighth week. A.WP for passing, a WF for failing or a WN for no grade will be entered on the student’s academic record. An amendment approved yesterday added the WN symbol for no grade because it was felt a professor might not have the necessary grades to measure a student’s progress. Entering the symbols on a student’s transcript is useful for employers in determining' a student’s performance because grades for the courses would not affect cumulative averages. These rule changes are subject to the revision of University President John W. Oswald. The Faculty Senate’s pass-fail committee has recommended that these changes go into effect next fall. Although the pass-fail option was retained by a vote of 80 to 60, amend ments to the option were proposed and to rally at frat but said the rally organizers are “absolutely sure” of one occurring at Phi Gamma Delta. “As far as we know this was the latest one,” she said. Karen Zelin (9th-general arts and sciences) said the women decided to hold the rally at 9 tonight because Phi Gamma Delta is scheduled to hold a party at that time. “The rally is to protest what’s been going on in frats and to make women aware that frats are unsafe places for women to go,” Zelin said. “We want to make sure that these actions don’t go un noticed. We don’t want these guys to think they can get away with it,” she said. Gottsaten said she hopes the rally will “affect IFC into taking some action, even if it’s just token action.” Although many of the women who will participate in the rally are members of campus feminist groups, no group is sponsoring the protest officially, Zelin said. “We just decided to do this as individuals, and the organizations are not involved,” she said. promoted the resolution, including the PLO itself,” he said. From its headquarters in Geneva, the World Council of Churches appealed to the assembly yesterday to reconsider and rescind the resolution. General secretary Philip A. Potter of the WCC, a fellowship of 271 Protestant, Orthodox and Old Catholic churches, said in a public statement “there is no evidence that Zionism is overtly racist.” .There was no official reaction from the Vatican. But in Bonn, the Central Committee of West German Roman Catholics said “such a nonsensical equating of Zionism with racism helps anti-Semitism in an irresponsible way. It provides the enemies of the state of Israel with a formal legitimation to continue a policy which aims at the wiping out of the country.” The Soviet Union hailed passage of the resolution as a “major decision” said it was achieved despite “inadmissible pressuring ... by Zionists and in ternational imperial elements.” 3 COPIES will be voted on at the Faculty Senate’s December meeting. An amendment proposed by Senator Charles Haas allows a student taking a course pass-fail to change back to the conventional grade within the 21-day drop period. An amendment proposed by Senator Philip Klein called for limiting pass-fail to 12-credits for baccalaureate degrees and six credits for associate degrees. Another amendment proposed by Arthur W. Lewis, chairman of the pass fail committee, restricts use of the op tion to electives unless the college allows basic degree requirements to fall under the option. In other action, the Senate voted to include research members in the Senate electorate, passing an amendment to exclude non-continuing research em ployes from the electorate. The Senate also voted to include the director of the Division of Undergraduate Studies as an ex-officio member of the Senate instead of an appointed member. “Regardless of inadmissible pressuring of the U.N. organization by the Zionists and the international im perialist elements who support them, the international community adopted this major decision to denounce Zionism as the ideology of imperialism and racism,” the Soviet Tass news agency said. In Beirut, the vote was hailed as a new victory for the Palestinian cause. A spokesman for the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) said the vote would further the “just struggle of the Palestinians.” This is the last issue of the Daily Collegian this term. Publication will resume Dec. 4. Summit goals should concentrate on general economic recovery during 1976, Kissinger said. “We should seek to restore vigorous, sustained ex pansion and high employment by 1977. We should aim to reduce inflation in our economy as well as disparities in our national inflation rate. And <we should seek to restore vigorous growth in world trade as our domestic recovery proceeds,” he said. Kissinger pointed to the 11 per cent increase in the American national product in the third quarter of this year as indicating the United States already is on the road to economic recovery. “Other nations while our efforts cannot substitute for theirs we will feel their recovery reinforced by ours,” he said. “We will not now fail the tradition which has made us a beacon of hope to millions around the world.” Kissinger said economic recovery by industrial democracies is essential to the realm of international financing and trade. The crisis also touches on the whole idea of democracy, as well, Kissinger said. “We must infuse our actions with an overriding sense of our common heritage and common future. “This worldwide crisis to the democratic process is the deepest challenge before the leaders at the economic summit. They meet to give their peoples the sense that they are masters of their destiny, that they are not subject to blind forces beyond their control. “I am confident that this test will be met. The in dustrial democracies will demonstrate that the greatest force in the world today is the voluntary association of free peoples.” Reminder
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers