Omnipotent eyes It wasn't long before feet were stomping and hands were clapping as The New Riders of the Purple Sage country rocked a large audience at Rec Hall last night. The orange-shirted University Concert Committee ,maintained order; uniformed Department of Safety officers remained backstage and in the corridors (background silhouette). Prospective jurors called for Mitchell, Stans trial NEW YORK (AP) A panel of 1,500 potential jurors called to serve varies prospective jurors, - the largest in the from 40 in an unpublicized case to memory of officials at the U.S. District perhaps 100 or 150 in a publicized case, Court here, has been summoned for-the court officials say. scheduled opening tomorrow of the Mitchell, former U.S. attorney general conspiracy trial of John N. Mitchell and and chairman of the Committee to Re- Maurice H. Stans. elect the President, and Stan's, former Judge Lee P. Gagliardi requested the commerce secretary and finance large panel because, he said, publicity director of the campaign, were indicted stemming from the former cabinet by a federal grand jury last May. officers' indictment here and their They were . accused of obstructing a subsequent testimony before the Senate major fraud investigation of Robert L. Watergate committee in Washington yesco, a financier and now a fugitive in may have prejudiced potential jurors. the case, in exchange for his secret The search for 12 jurors is expected to $200,000 cash contributions to the Nixon take anywhere, from three days to a campaign in 197 k. week, perhaps' even longer. Usually a In four months of pretrial motions and federal court jury is chosen in a matter hearings, defense attorneys of hours. unsuccessfully sought dismissal of the In ordinary cases, the number of 1-count indictment on grounds publicity Getting together OTIS President Bruce Kelly and University President John W. Oswald converse at Encampment 1973. Nixon criticizes Congress WASHINGTON (AP) Congress, ruffled by President Nixon's criticism of its record, today receives the chief executive's special message spelling out what he wants Congress to do for the rest of the year. Nixon is expected to make some conciliatory gestures in his special message. In a radio talk yesterday, he avoided partisan rhetoric in asking the legislative branch to join the executive in passing legislation. Nixon' said more than 50 major bills backed by the administration still await final congressional action. While avoiding a repetition of his Wednesday news conference statement that this represented "a very disappointing record" for the Democratic-controlled Congress, Nixon did say, "It means that Congress should join the executive in making up for the precious time lost this year in failing to act on those measures which vitally affect every American by going into extra session, if necessary, to complete the people's business before the year ends." Nixon will send the Senate and House a lengthy special State of the Union message today expanding on his call for legislative action. In his radio talk, Nixon said the questions at issue "are ' not ones of partisanship ... in some cases, there are real philosophical' differences over how best to meet the needs that we face." In ticking off what he termed the most urgent pending bills, Nixon emphasized energy legislation, maintenance of a defense "sufficient to safeguard us from attack and to provide an incentive" for mutual arms cuts, and a hold-down on spending so new programs do not mean higher prices and higher takes. Nixon also said Congress, the executive branch and the voters snare an interest in building better communities, making full use of human accompanying the' Vesco case and Senate Watergate hearings precluded a fair trial. Despite the preparations, some uncertainty still remains as to when selection of the jury will actually begin. It is scheduled for tomorrow, but tomorrow morning . attorneys for Mitchell and Stans may be able to secure a delay:,of the trial with a special plea they are scheduled to present to the U.S. Court of Appeals. They say they need more time to prepare the defense. Encampment ends on philosophical note President poses final University President John W. Oswald brought Penn State Encampment '73 to a- close Saturday night with six educational questions and a plea for the middle ground in setting educational policies. Following the final banquet at the Elks Country Club, Oswald presented ' six "philosophical queries concerning the relationship of a student to the University": "Who is the beneficiary of a University education, the individual or society? "Who should pay • the costs of a University education, the student as the beneficiary or the society as it does in the case of basic education through the first 12 grades? "What should bethe basic determinant as to the curricular bfferings of a University, need and interest as perceived by the students (customer-buyer) or needs and values as determined by society in terms of goals for manpower and a `better' citizenry? "Who should determine the regulation's governing non-curricular activities of a University (housing, feeding, social events), the individual student as an adult customer with primary interest or society in the role of parent or caretaker, and protector of the institution's public image? "Who should have the major role in the governance of a University, 'the student as the principal recipient of the benefits or those representing the public interest as the principal beneficiary? "Should a University education be designed to prepare a student for a job or to be a 'better' citizen?" Oswald examined the replies to the questions on "the terminal extremes on the spectrum," focusing first on the "consumer model." "If indeed the individual is the beneficiary, then it is the individual who should pay or repay," Oswald said, adding that the student as the "customer" should then play the major role in setting regulations and curriculum. "On the other end of the spectrum we have what I would call, for want of a better name, the societal model," he said, explaining that society as beneficiary would assume the .major role in both payment and governance. "In the relationships of a university to a student or vice versa in the relationships of 'a student to a university, what we have done over the years and are doing. now is trying to find a sensible place between these two extremes on all these issues," Oswald said. Photo by Steve Ivey Monday, September 10, 1973 Vol. 74, No. 23 30 pages - .laity Park Pen— flyanle the daily By PATRICIA STEWART Collegian Editor resources and "combatting the scourge of crime and drugs. At no point did Nixoris voice the veto threats that often have accompanied his exhortations to Congress to hold down appropriations.. However, he made what appeared to be a reference to legislation that would limit a president's war-making powers Lowenstein blastsapathy By JEFF DeBRAY Collegian Senior Reporter Democracy cannot survive if the majority remain indifferent to politics, former New York insurgent Congressman Allard Lowenstein said Saturday. Calling on the Schwab audiencd to help throw the Nixon administration out of office, Lowenstein said, "While you remain indifferent, the people who have the power and money don't worry if the system works, they work the system." Lowenstein, who spoke as part of the Orientation Program, said the sabotaging of the democratic process reached its peak before Watergate. "What this has been is the most orchestrated effort on the part of this group of predators (the Nixon administration) to take more and more of their share atthe expense of everybody else," he said. But the sabotaging of the democratic process reached new_ peaks when Cabinet officers used their positions to coerce big businessmen into contributing money to the President's reelection in return for political favors. Lowenstein charged. "The IRS, FBI and the White House used their powers... to coerce, extort and intimidate support," the former head of Americans for Democratic Action said. Warning that "all of this will go on and on until it becomes irreversible," Lowenstein urged the audience to press for the continuation of the Ervin hearings. "If people don't know these things how can they understand thi§ is destroying democracy, so these hearings have to go on," he said. "We want to know what dirty tricks were going on in the White House. We want to get to the heart of everything that was going on," he added. Referring to Nixon's claim he had no part in the Watergate planning or cover-up, Lowenstein asked, "I would like to know whether anyone else has ever heard of a whorehouse being run by a virgin?" Urging the crowd to "get ourselves .together for the elections next time around," Lowenstein said, "There is no limit to what can come if people stay in power after they are exposed." Lowenstein also charged that Nixon misused federal funds to improve his San Clemente home. "The President has taken $lO million from public funds to improve his property in the name of security $lB,OOO for a shark net, $18,250 for golf carts, $16,000 for tinting windows and $71.80 for a weed eater," he said. Lowenstein also charged that it is part of Nixon's policy "to divide us so they can get away with whatever they want to do to us." He said Nixon would like the public to believe blacks and the poor are receiving more than their fair share of federal funds. "But in reality the ghetto of Washington, D.C. paid more in taxes last year then they . got in federal programs," he said. "Nixon pits one group against another for his own benefit. He is eroding democracy," Lowenstein charged. Lowenstein also called for a change in election finance laws. laws. "We are going to have to finance campaigns equitably. New laws have to be passed by this Congress while the heat is on," he said. Speaking 'on "American detente" with the Soviet Union and Instead of choosing either extreme, he said, we should assume a feasible position "a golden mean" based on "trust, communication, flexibility, compromise and commitment." Oswald stressed that both students and society as joint benefactors should share the cost of higher education, as well as sharing the responsibility for governance. Certainly students in their role as ' principal participant in the educational process have a very great amount to offer," he said, adding we must turn to others for their "experience and expertise." Oswald said he did not believe in • a "no voice education" without student participation. "I wouldn't call it education, I'd call it indoctrination," he said. "The decisions must be made on the basis of common dedicition to goals," he said, adding, "If we agree on common goals, all can then have input." Oswald said he felt it would be wrong to rely on limited groups in decision making since "many people have a piece of the truth as they 'proceed toward goals." He said a University should fashion itself after a "democratic governance with a participating electorate." This procedure is cumbersome, he . said, but it also works. All groups must "give a little and gain a little" in the process he said, adding, "The student voice must be heard, but student ears must also listen and student eyes must focus in the general direction of the common good for all." Three other presentations at the Encampment examined various master plans the University Academic Master Plan, the State Higher Education Master Plan and the Centre Region Master Plan. Stanley 0. Ikenberry, senior vice-president for University development and relations, presented the Academic Master Plan following opening activities Friday-. night. One of the main questions the plan considered, Ikenberry said, was "how can constructive and meaningful instruction be brought about ,at Penn State?" Ikenberry said 'he felt the University was more concerned in the past with putting up new buildings, getting more funds and expanding courses. In the process, he said, "we lost sight of some of the fundamental questions that the University's about." Ikenberry said the plan provides for a steady strengthening of academic programs on an economically sound basis, within the limits of available resources. a measure he would be expected to veto. He said, "We must recognize that the American system requires both a strong Congress and a strong executive; and we therefore must not place limits on presidential powers that would jeopardize the capacity of the President, in this and in future administrations, to the People's Republic of China, Lowenstein said •he was "embarassed" by it. "I am embarressed that we could boast about a detente built on the corpses of Vietnamese children," he said. "And I am not reconciled to Henry Kissinger lying to this country about what he was doing in Indochina. He was as involved with Richard Nixon as any human being ever was," the former Congressman claimed. Despite the "erosion of the democratic process" he spoke of, Lowenstein said, "We are still the most blessed place that ever was. "We are at the turning point that comes to each society, and the price that should be paid is involvement," he added. Quoting the late Robert F. Kennedy, Lowenstein concluded, "'Our future may lie beyond our vision, but it is not beyond our control."' University Park Pennsylv. Published by Students of The Pennsylvania Slate University carry out his responsibilities to the American people." The Senate Foreign Relations Committee resumes today its hearings on the confirmation of Henry A. Kissinger to be secretary of state. Tomorrow it is schedUled to take up compromise State Department spending authorizations. Lowenstein questions He said the plan also recommends the University allocate no less than one per cent of the total budget on academic reform. He said he felt the University's job now is "testing, slowly piece by piece and taking a look at existing policies." William K. Ulerich, vice president of the University Board - of Trustees, talked of the "implication of the State Higher Education Master Plan on Penn State" in a break between morning and afternoon workshops on Saturday. Ulerich noted that one of the plan's recommendations was that University tuition be raised to $l,OOO to equalize tuition 'at private institutions. The plan also recommended, Ulerich said, that a student who needs it get scholarship aid, with the university of his choice getting an equal amount. Ulerich, said he felt there are many conflicts between institaions of higher education in Pennsylvania, especially with "the competition for dollars and for students," adding "the future is not at all dim." Concerning the power of the State Board of Education, Ulerich said the board would like to have "complete control on the whole ball of wax." The Centre Region Master Plan was examined Saturday afternoon by Ronald Short, director of the Centre Region Planning Commission. Short explained that techniques of systems analysis are used in developing the plan "understanding the urban area as a system ,with many subparts that interact and change the complexity of the system." Updating is also an important part of the plan, Short said, with continual' analysis of policies "to see if they're doing what they're supposed to be doing." Short explained the plan is divided into three main parts: the long range planning in which policies are developed; the mid range planning which involves looking at systems plans and area plans, and short range planning of programs and projec's to operationalize the plans. In addition to the main presentations, 21 workshops were held throughout Saturday on various areas of concern within the University. Workshops involved informal groups of about 20, with a chairman and resource participants providing data as needed. The Encampment represented -a return to an 18- year-old tradition at the University, ranging from 1951 to 1969. Coordinator for the 1973 Encampment was Bruce Kelly, president of the Organization of Town Independent Students, with Raymond 0. Murphy and the Office of Student Affairs. Photo by Henry Stefans
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