Warm and humid with thunder storms possible late today and to night. High today near 80, low to night near 64. Mostly cloudy to morrow with thunderstorms likely, high near 80. The chance of rain is 30% today, 40% tonight, and 60% tomorrow. Vol. 70, No. 112 Finishing touches Clark says law should address 'real problems' By RENA ROSENSON Collegian City Editor Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark last night said law must become an ef fective problem solver or the problems of the country will become much worse. Speaking at last night's law day program in Schwab as a member of a panel including for mer U.S. Ambassador Patricia Harris and pre law students from the University, Clark said law can be an effective instrument for social change, but it must address itself to the "real problems." These problems, he said, stem from two dynamics. The first, population increase, pro motes urbanization which renders the in dividual "powerless to affect the things vital to him" such as schools, welfare and pollution. The second, he said, is science and technology which have created the power of total destruc tion. Violence Not An Answer Because of the power of total destruction, violence is no longer an acceptable means of solving problems. Clark said. But, he said, law is not the complete answer. "Let's don't look to the law as the total problems’ solver. We’ve tried that. It’s inade quate,” he said. He explained that the problems of crime have not been solved through the courts. In fact, he said, law and the courts sometimes foster crime, such as in the case of the juvenile who is held in jail pending trial. He indicated that crime must be stopped by social means through professionalization rather than by wiretapping and incarceration. Clark said the major thing law can do is to provide the moral leadership toward change. Without the will of the people behind it, law is impotent, he said. Regimenting Moral Force "Law is the one way we really have for regimenting the moral force of the people to ef fect necessary change," he said. Mrs. Harris, expressing concern over the misuse of law, said law sometimes has not been a bridge to justice, “but indeed to in justice.” "We cannot assume that because a practice has been denominated a laty, it is just,” she said, citing the examples of the Nuremburg laws, the Hitler rule and the practice of segregation. Mrs. Harris, who is currently practicing taw in Washington, D.C., said some laws in the United States are being studied. Her example was the landlord laws which give a landlord powers of eviction and of charging rent for charging with violating Universit Arrested student faces hearing A hearing will be held May 8 for one of six students arrested April 21 on charges that he violated University rules. Joseph Schneller (10th political science-Philadelphia) yesterday told The Daily Col legian that he received a letter from James A. Rhodes, dean of the division of student stan dards, stating that his charges would be heard by “at least one of the following three in dividuals: Robert E. Woodside. Genevieve Blatt and William T. Coleman.” The three comprise the Woodside Panel formed by the University Board of Trustees to investigate campus disrup tions occurring before April 23. Schneller, arrested at Rec Hall for allegedly throwing a rock at State Policemen, was charged with malicious mischief. Schneller said his hearing is scheduled for "next Thursday or Friday" in the Centre County Court. The letter said that the panel - T))e yale University student-faculty monitor was authorized.by the Board o j n g committee yesterday announced that none Trustees to hear the case and of the groups to participate in today’s and make recommendations oi ac tomorrow's demonstrations in New Haven want tion to be taken. According to disorder. tlie j “The Panther Defense Committee, local mendations could include that p o ji ce officials and members of Yale University 9} e . University taks, “ are united in the belief that a violent disciplinary action, discipline demonstration or subsequent disruption would you short -of suspension or serve th e pur p o ses and goals of no one,’’ the , , , „ t dismissal, suspend you for a -nmmittpp said t> *"h 'a ? i r °„ fj e rt" specified period of time. The students have been on strike since April fifj pishfiSlta dismiss you, or take such other aTh have presented dema nds calling for SclineUer said. He objected to disciplinary action as the panel ya]e to * eek an end to “political repression and th ? estlhhsh deems a PP r °P riate - . ■ police bias” against the Panthers. They also ed procedures to deal with his Asked to go before , Senate black TOmmunity" 1 ° £ relatlons Wlth the case * According to Schneller. the Despite efforts to insure a peaceful 4 *l would prefer to have this six students that were arrested demonstration, the committee pointed to solved within the University,*’ April 21 asked to appear before deficiencies in the organizations planning of he said. “It seems to me that th University Senate to explain the demonstration: include: • thev (the University) use only their cases. “As far as I know, —the absence of precise and definite plans the rules that benefit them.” i’m the only one who has been for orderly dispersal following the Violating Senate Buies Schneller is charged' with violating University Senate rules W-ll and W-15, and University Regulations con cerning student affairs, con duct and discipline, section 2-a. 8 Pages ERIC McLAURIE (foreground) and Lament King, two students from Philadelphia, compose as lhey play in preparation for next week’s Black Arts Festival at the University. buildings which are “not fit for human habitation.’’ “Is it any longer just to protect property rights over personal rights?’’ she asked. “We have discovered that is fairer and more just to deal with human beings in terms of their humanity,” she said. Mrs. Harris said she believes that mem bers of the "older generation” should not be as opposed to change as' they are. She said the younger generation is beginning to question many of the moral laws, such as sex and obscenity, but “the family has not degenerated” as many members of the older generation fear it has. Changes in segregation, landlord laws and obscenity laws, she said, have done little damage. Change should be made, she said, and the possibility of injustice must be contemplated. There must be proof that the change is good, she said, and the burden of proof should be on the professionals rather than on the public. In a question and answer period following the panel session, which was sponsored by the Pennsylvania Bar Association and the University, Clark commented on President Richard M. Nixon's recent order to send U.S. aid to South Vietnamese in Cambodia, saying that there is no provision in the Constitution which can stop the President. He said the only way he can be stopped is if Congress says “no.” Campus Protesters At a press conference yesterday Clark said concerning Cambodia, "American involvement in Southeast Asia is regarded as the most tragic mistake in U.S. history and it is a wrong which must be righted.” He added that he suspects that Nixon's announcement on Cam bodia will meet with strong reactions on cam puses, and he said he "is not sure” that cam pus demonstrators are dissenters anymore. "I think they're the majority," he said. Clark and Mrs. Harris responded to a question concerning the use of injunctions, assuming, they said, the questions were regarding the University’s use of them. Clark said he could not judge the use of injunctions here, but "that in general he believes they can do very little. Mrs. Harris, a former college ad ministrator, said she believes they are effective in some cases and that in one case she sought and secured an injunction ordering students who had refused to allow faculty members in a building, to unlock the doors. At the afternoon press conference, Clark said when any university is required to call in police or military force, it is a sign that the basic spirit of the university has been violated in terms of reason, gentleness and humaneness. 1 Schneller further objected to given permission to go before what he called “double jeopar- the Senate,” Schneller said, dy" referring to the fact that “I've been given three minutes he must appear before the ~to explain my case to the Woodside Panel and the Centre Senate,” he added. Schneller County Court. He said that the objected to the fact that he will decision of the Woodside Panel be the only one of the six ar could prejudice the hearing on rested students to go before civil charges. , the. Senate. OhiKCLt* to Timing ‘‘ r was S°ing to use the three ltojecu T » riming minutes to explain the cir- He also objected to .the tim- cumstanees surrounding my nf the hearing on arrest ’” he said, "but now I “ g . 0 „ have-to represent all six of us University, charges. He said he three minutes." He said he would have to present the en- did not know why the others tire case for his defense to the were not given permission to Woodside Panel and this would t before the Senate, allow the .-.prosecution in his civil hearing to prepare argu ments against his defense. ' The letter from Rhodes ad vised Schneller that he could have / legal' council,, cross-' examine any- witnesses and have witnesses testify in his behalf at the Woodside Panel hearing. Sailg OloUfgt Opposition to Change ‘A Majority’ The other students arrested with Schneller .were not available for comment.-rDS Yale student-faculty disavows any intent Published by Students of The Pennsylvania State University 1 University Park, Pa., Friday Morning, May 1, 1970 Nixon attack WASHINGTON (AP) President Nixon dramatically announced last night that American ground troops have attacked—at his order—a Com munist base complex extending 20 miles into Cam bodia. Nixon told a nationwide radio and television audience that he would stand by his order, certain to provoke controversy, even at the risk of becoming a one-term President. “This is not an invasion of Cambodia,” he asserted. “The areas in which these attacks will be launched are completely occupied and controlled by North Vietnamese forces. Our purpose is not to oc cupy the areas. Once enemy forces are driven out of these sanctuaries and their military supplies destroyed, we will withdraw.” The attack, commanded by American officers and augmented by units of the South Vietnamese ar my, began about 7 p.m. EDT Washington time—about two hours before Nixon addressed the nation and about one hour before he met with Democratic and Republican leaders of Congress to discuss his decision. Minutes after Nixon finished speaking, word came from Saigon that U.S. 852 bombers attacked the Communist high command headquarters 20 miles inside Cambodia. The 852 raids were the first by the eight-engine Stratofortresses inside Cambodia. The occasion was also the first commitment of regular American ground troops against enemy sanctuaries in Cambodia. Details of the assault became available here shortly after President Nixon announced the move in a Washington broadcast. Sources said thousands of American helicopter borne air cavalrymen from the U.S. Ist Air Cavalry Division and South Vietnamese troopers penetrated 20 miles inside Cambodia to attack the headquarters of the Central Office for South Viet nam—COSVN—the Communist high command that directs the war in South Vietnam. This headquarters is just above an area shown on military maps as the “Fishhook,” a key infiltration corridor leading from Cambodia about 70 miles northwest of Saigon. The operation was launched at dawn Friday. There were no immediate reports of contact. American field commanders had long desired to attack the COSVN headquarters. urges University Senate to overrule Trustees USG hits Woodside By KAREN CARNABUCCI and DOUG STRUCK ■Collegian Staff Writers Undergraduate Student Government congressmen last night endorsed a resolution calling for the University Senate to overrule the Board of Trustees' action in forming the Woodside Panel to investigate campus disruptions before April 23. Congress, however, could not officially pass the resolution since the 22 congressmen present did not constitute a quorum. The resolution states that by authorizing the formation of the panel, the Board "acted against the best interests of the University.” The resolution also urges student defendants not to attend the panel’s sessions. Submitted by East Halls Congresswoman Maisie Benefield, the resolution will be sent to the Senate and the trustees. Miss Benefield said she thought a “strong statement’ ” should be sent to the trustees. “Since the Senate is not going to take any initiative the stu dent government will have to take action, she said. Statement Represents Feelings USG Vice President Aron Arbittier said he thought the feelings of “a majority of stu dents on campus” including students who did not demonstrate or strike. “Most students feel it unjust for the trustees to do away with the faculty Senate,” he said. Arbittier added, "This could set a precedent for future pro blems that arise in the University when students have been assured that the faculty body can answer problems. But now we see that the facul ty has no power.” USG President-elect Jim An toniono said he “agreed” with the resolution and added, "I think-it’s the opinion of the in formed people on this cam pus.” Stating that USG has been “frustrated for years by its lack of jurisdiction,” the resolution reads, “We seek to inform you (the trustees and Senate members) of the stu dent viewpoint’ and make sug- committee of violence demonstrations on the New Haven green: —the -absence of certainty that platform speakers can be depended on to discourage all incidents or to calm them, should incidents oc cur: —the absence of a central control center with a unified command for local and state police and the National Guard; —the absence of a clear statement-by law en forcement authorities as to how and when the National Guard will be deployed. The committee also cited the lack of arrange ments for regular communication between New Haven police and demonstration organizers. It pointed to the incomplete provision for a unified organization of marshalls on the green and after the demonstrations. The committee recommended that children and high school students not be permitted to at tend the demonstrations, along with any other persons unaccusomed to "potentially disorder ly” crowds. says U.S. troops Cambodian base Nixon described the area of the U.S. ground at tack as "the headquarters for the entire Communist military operation in South Vietnam.” A White House source, whom declined to be quoted by name, said several thousand U.S. combat troops were involved in the operation, which he said is ex pected to last six weeks to two months. This official said the new move would not affect Nixon’s April 20 announcement that at least 130,000 American troops will be withdrawn from South Viet nam by May 1971. Nixon said. “I have concluded the time has come for action” because, he argued, the enemy's moves ”in the last 10 days clearly endanger the lives of Americans who are in Vietnam now and would con stitute an unacceptable risk to those who would be there after our withdrawal of 150.000.” The chief executive said he had three choices, one to do nothing, the second to provide massive military aid to Cambodia and the third "to go to the heart of the trouble.” Announcing that he had selected tile third alter native, he said: “Tonight, American and South Vietnamese units will attack the headquarters for the entire Com munist military operation in South Vietnam. This key control center has been occupied by the North Viet namese and Viet Cong for years in blatant violation of Cambodia’s neutrality. “We take this action not for the purpose of ex panding the war into Cambodia but for the purpose of ending the war in Vietnam and winning the just peace we will desire,” Nixon said. The area of the attack was in the "fishhook” area of Cambodia, about 50 miles northwest of Saigon and northeast of Cambodia's “Parrot's Beak” region, attacked Wednesday by South Vietnamese troops with American advice and support. Nixon, without naming him. noted that Republican Sen. George D. Aiken of Vermont had said Wednesday American involvement in Cambodia meant the GOP had lost all chance of winning the November elections. “Others are saying today,” Nixon declared, "that this move against the enemy’s sanctuaries will make me a one-term President. No one is more aware than I am of the political consequences of the action I have taken.... “But I have rejected all political considerations in making this decision. gestions that we believe are porary Judicial Board to ad- and students without prior con- dent be expelled or suspended essential it that viewpoint is to jucale the cases o£ alleged sultation -with the elected without due process—in order be reflected in future proceed- disruption, leaders or representatives of to reaffirm their belief that ings.” —“The 'Board of Trustees those groups. students should have all rights Established Channels should refrain from any action —“The Board of Trustees as granted in civil systems, in Besides requesting that the on matters involving faculty should recommend that no stu- the University systems.” Board of Trustees "no circum- M w M no m aim 'Army War Coliege officers trustees to review its decision ' * mm** m regarding its veto of the 9 ff 1 A * ag® ■ 1® defend American Vietnam policy “USG questions the B » inautoing ’ By PAUL SCHAFER urge nations “to refrain from the set-up of a judicial pro- Collegian Staff Writer ■ » ioTCe other than JF'&vsr&sst V stateil rules within which the pro- States Army War College m nations recognize South Viet cedure will take place, without Carlisle last night spoke at a nam as a sovereign com a determination of what forum sponsored by the Army mumty, and that 24 give the penalties will be related to Reserve Officers Training same recognition to North direct relationship to the Cor P s - , T , He concluded that University community, without Henry A. Barber, Col. John the international community jurors who are peers of the J. McCuen. Col. Albert F. clearly recognizes two defendants and especially Ledebuhr, Lt. Col. Zane G. SGparatG sovereign entities, without prior consultation of Finkelstein, and Lt. Col. Finkelstein noted rather Senate and student govern- Robert L. Schweitzer spoke at strong, rather pronounced ment leaders,” the resolution the forum held in the Hetzel congressional support for the continues. Union Building. war, in respect to whether or “USG has already expressed Finkelstein spoke on the not the President had “usurped its disapproval of double aspects of international law, his powers” in giving U.S. sup jeopardy to which students are national law and the means of port. subjected by being tried in conducting the war. He said Ledebuhr, a Lutheran both the civil and University United Nations agreements chaplain, said, “We have a court systems. USG now ex- - presses its exasperation > and IX wl uama ul> s ivopech ne report ends new board,’ the resolution ■ | f ‘Non-interest’ in Viewpoints leaal aspects ot case Stating that the trustees *7 t show their “non-interest in , ~ both student and Senate BOSTON - The attorney general of Massachusetts viewpoints ” and delegate said yesterday “the legal aspects are over’ m the death powers to University President ° f Mary J o Kopechne and he expects no criminal action Eric A. Walker “which could a e Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, D-Mass. lead to Administration die- “Legally, that’s it,” said Atty. Gen. Robert H Quinn, tatorship,” the resol u t i 0 n referring to release of the inquest report into the girl s makes the following recom- death, “but politically it remains to be seen.” mendations- P recom Quinn, in Washington, D.C., to argue a case, said the _"The senate shnnM fnr Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled that publication of mulate a process for recall of f e . inquest report forecloses any prosecution unless new IhfrdsToteof thesTnatewould ThfSJney general’s comments came one day after he aLYnnriate 1 tn release of the report. in which District Court Judge James Bnana-s Sfnns ovemde the A. Boyle said he did not believe part of Sen. Kennedy’s -----t story, and said that Kennedy was negligent in the accident itsTlfthrough a “ofnot that*took Miss Kopechne’s life last July 18. cooperation with revocation of Senate-delegated powers. . s *1 f 1 • * -JStW.r.i State-aided disrupters defendants not to attend the - ■ sessions of the Woodside I g g g • Panel, and activate the Tern |Qg£ SChOIOrShIpS ”....! would rather be a one-term President than HARRISBURG (AP) The board of directors of the state scholarship agency ruled yesterday tout only names of stu dent disrupters who received state financial aid must be turn ed in to the Commonwealth by their schools. Sen. Wilmet Fleming, R-Montgomery, board chairman, said the board decided it was not necessary to report names of students who do not hold state guaranteed loans or scholarships. Many colleges had objected to reporting students who were not scholarship or loan recipients. Under laws passed late last year, the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency PHEAA may deny, aid to state residents convicted in court of a felony or misdemeanor in volving refusing to obey a lawful college regulation or order, the refusal of which caused disruption. The laws also require institutions of higher education to sign an agreement with PHEAA to report the names of such students. If they don't, they cannot have students attending who receive state scholarships and loans. The legislation does not specify, however, that the stu dents whose names are reported be scholarship or loan recipients. - Kenneth R. Reeher, PHEAA executive director, said 1,225 institutions have signed the agreement so far and 11 with state aided students have flatly refused. Another I,3oo—not all with Pennsylvania students enrolled—have not yet decided what to do. In another action, the board approved a new annual max imum of 51,500 for state guarantee loans. The limit for part time students was raised to $750. The ceiling had been SI,OOO for fulltime and $5OO for parttime students. • j • Student Savings —see page 2 to a two-lerm President at the cost of seeing America become a second-rate power and see this nation ac cept the first defeat in its proud 190-year history.*’ The President concluded that rather than wind up by seeking support for himself, “I ask for support of our brave men fighting tonight halfway around the world—not for territory—not for glory—but so that their younger brothers and their sons and your sons will be able to live in peace and freedom.” One section of the address seemed aimed at Communist China and the Soviet Union. Nixon said: “These actions arc in no way directed at the security interests of any nation. Any government that chooses to use those actions as a pretext for harming relations with the United States will be doing so on its own responsibility and at its own initiative and we will draw the appropriate conclusions.” Reciting American actions to halt the bombing of North Vietnam, reduce air operations in the South, plan to withdraw more than 250.000 troops and offer to negotiate flexibly, Nixon said the reply from the Communist camp “has been intransigence at the con ference table, belligerence in Hanoi, massive military aggression in Laos and Cambodia and stepped-up at tacks in South Vietnam, designed to increase American casualties.” Using strong language, he went on: “This attitude has become intolerable. We will not react to this threat to American lives merely by plaintive diplomatic protests. If we did, the credibility of the United States would be destroyed in every area of the world where only the power of the United States deters aggression. “This action puts the leaders of North Vietnam on notice that we will be patient in working for peace, we will be conciliatory at the conference table, but, we wall not be humiliated. We will not be defeated. We will not allow American men by the thousands to be killed by an enemy from privileged sanctuaries.” Nixon said Communist-occupied parts of Cam bodia, “used for lm-and-run attacks on American and South Vietnamese forces,” contain major base camps, training sites, logistics facilities, weapons and ammunition factories, air strips and prisoner-of-war compounds. “For five years,” he said, “neither the United States nor South Vietnam moved against those enemy sanctuaries because we did not wish to violate the territory of a neutral nation. (Continued on page five) Panel problem from my viewpoint as a Christian clergyman.” He said there is “a moral dilem ma,” but added that ‘‘there isn’t a member of this panel who likes war.” He said inaction in Vietnam would have resulted in “a broken promise, a Communist government, the death of religion in South Vietnam and hundreds of thousands killed in reprisal.” Vietnam: A Stalemate?. McCuen discussed whether the war is a stalemate and whether the Viet Cong “represent the aspirations” of the South Vietnamese. He claimed ‘‘we are winning, and winning big,” noting that the North Vietnamese have been in a ‘‘steady decline” since the 1968 Tet offensive, which he said “severely dam aged their prestige. McCuen added, “The petty bourgeoisie in Vietnam would not support a Communist takeover because they’ve never had it so good—even though they don’t yet live like you or X.” Barber spoke on the pacification program, noting that there are “some pro blems, but, in the main, we feel it was succeeding.” Barber detailed various U.S. programs in Vietnam involving security and peacekeeping, agricultural reform and rural development, refugees and the problems faced by such minority groups as the Mon tagnard people in the highlands. Ho noted particular success in the voting education pro gram, saying the Vietnamese were "elated” to participate although the Viet Cong "threatened to kill anyone who voted.” Schweitzer Notes Division Schweitzer, who was wound ed eight times in Vietnam ac tion and is planning to return this summer, recognized "the great deal of division in this room and in society” regarding the war. He claimed that "what we have done in Viet nam is neither wrong nor foolish.” Schweitzer said, “The Army can get along without ROTC very nicely.” But to the ROTC students in the audience, he said "I want to pay tribute to what you are seeking to do.” He added, “War is built into the American ethic,” and cautioned people to not let “ideals run away with the realities of this world.” ' The formal question-and answer period following the speeches was interrupted at 9 p.m. by President Nixon’s broadcast regarding the send ing of troops to Cambodia. In formal discussion involving about 100 students followed Nixon's talk. Seven Cents
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