PAGE I'VVELVE
Muller Makes Atoms
Visible to Human Eyes
Atoms have been a topic of discussion for 100 years, and now, after 19 years' re
search, Dr. Erwin Muller has been able to make them visible to the human eye.
Dr. Muller, a professor of physics, has invented a field ion microscope through which
the regular array of atoms in a crystal lattice can be seen.
Dr. Muller announced the perfection of the microscope, which he has developed and
perfected, at the 13th annual meeting of the Electron Microscope Society of America re
cently.
As a result of Dr. Mull
structure of a surface where
IFC
(Continued from page one)
the Lion should be guarded in
lieu of the damage done to the
University of West Virginia cam
pus last week by Pitt students.
In conjunction with the IFC ac
tion, William Moyer, IFC secre
tary-treasurer, issued the follow
ing list of fraternities and the
hours they are scheduled to guard
the Lion shrine. If fraternities
cannot be at the shrine at the
scheduled time, they are to call
William Moyer at Delta Upsilon
fraternity.
Schedule
Monday night: 10-11 p.m., Phi Gamma
Delta; 11-12 midnight, Sigma Pi; 12-1
a.m., Acacia ; 1-2 a.m., Theta Chi ; 2-3 am.,
Sigma Phi Alpha; 3-4 a.m., Sigma Phi
Epsilon ; 4-6 a.m., Delta Sigma Phi; 6-6
a.m., Delta Upsilon ; and 6-7 . a.m., Delta
Tau Delta.
Tuesday night: 7-8 p.m., Alpha Chi Rho;
8-9 p.m., Alpha CM Sigma; 9-10 p.m..
Alpha Phi Delta; 10-11 p.m., Kappa Delta
Rho; 11-12 midnight. Alpha Epsilon Pi;
12-1 a.m., Alpha Gamma Rho; 1.2 a.m.,
Alpha Phi Alpha; 2-3 a.m., Alpha Rho
Chi; 3-4 a.m., Alpha Sigma Phi; 4-6 a.m.,
Alpha Tau Omega; 5-6 a.m., Beta Sigma
Rho; 6-7 a.m., Beta Theta Pi.
Wednesday night, 7-8 p.m., Chi Phi;
8-9 p.m., Delta Chi; 9-10 p.m., Delta Sigma
Phi; 10-11 p.m., Delta Theta Sigma; 11-12
midnight, Pi Kappa Alpha; 12-1 a.m.,
Kappa Sigma; 1-2 a.m. ; Theta Kappa Phi;
2-3 a.m., Triangle; 3-4 a.m., Kappa Alpha
Psi; 4-5 a.m., Sigma Alpha Mu ; 6-6
Alpha Zeta; and 6-7 a.m., Lambda Chi
Alpha.
Thursday night: 7-8 p.m., Phi Delta
Theta; 8-9 p.m., Phi Epsilon PI; 9-10
p.m., Phi Kappa Psi: 10-11 p.m..Phi
Gamma Delta: 11-12 midnight, Phi Kappa;
12-1 a.m.. Pi Kappa Alpha; 1-2 a.m.,
Phi Kappa Sigma; 24 a.m., Phi Kappa
Tau ; 3-4 a.m., Phi Sigma Delta; 4-5 a.m.,
Phi Sigma Kappa; 5-6 a.m., Pi Kappa
Phi; and 6-7 a.m., Phi Mu Delta.
Friday night: 7-8 p.m., Delta Upsilon ;
8-9 p.m., Sigma Alpha Epsilon ; 9-10 p.m.,
Sigma Chi; 10-11 p.m.. Sigma Nu; 11-12
midnight, Tau Kappa Epsilon: 12-1 a.m.,
Tau Phi Delta: 1-2 a.m., Theta Delta Chi;
2-3 a.m.,
Theta Xi: 3-4 a.m., Zeta Beta
Tau: 4-5 a.m., Delta Sigma Lambda;
5-6 a.m.. Beaver House; 6-7 a.m., Phi
Gamma Delta.
Counseling—
(Continued from page one)
DIR, the admissions office testing
program, the extension centers
testing program, the course place
ment testingg programs, the edu
cation 105 reading and study hab
its improvement program, the na
tional vocational testing programs,
the freshman faculty advisers,
and the freshman orientation pro
gram.
'S' Club to Meet Tomorrow
All varsity letter winners are
urged to attend the Varsity "S"
Club meeting at 8:30 p.m. tomor
row at Theta Kappa Phi, accord
ing to Dean Mullen, president of
the club.
Neyhart Cites High Auto Death Rate
By NANCY SHOWALTER
• Amos E. Neyhart, adminis
trative head of the institution
of public safety, University
extension, told the Faculty
Luncheon Club yesterday that
one million people have been
killed in automobile accidents
in the approximately 50 years
Americans have been driving.
"If the accident rate continues
to climb as it has been, the sec
ond million will be killed in the
next five years," he said.
Neyhart teaches teacher pre
paration for driver education in
the United States, Canada, Ha
waii, and Cuba, and is also con
sultant and writer for the Ameri
can Automobile Association.
He started the first driver
training course in the country in
1931 at the University, and the
first teacher-preparation course
for driver education in 1936.
The main causes of accidents,
are human shortcomings, such as:!
1. Unfavorable inherited per
By SUE CONKLIN
er's accomplishment, scientists
formerly they had to depend
pretations of experiments for
their knowledge of the average
arrangement of atoms.
Because of their minute size,
atoms have eluded the most pow
erful optical and electron micro
scopes.
Dr. Muller first developed an
electron emission microscope with
Which he could see a few of the
larger atoms. This did not satisfy
him, however, and in 1951 he de
veloped a positive ion microscope.
This brought him close to his goal.
Recently he perfected the emis
sion microscope by coding temp
eratures in the ion microscope.
Pictures Were Blurred
His best field emission micro
scope in the past presented only
blurred pictures of some large-1
size atoms, widely scattered over
the surface, but now all the atoms
that constitute the surface of his
specimen can be clearly seen. This
achievement offers wide possibili
ties for research in metallurgical
fields.
Dr. Muller's f i e l d ion micro
scope is able to magnify up to
5 million times. Although this
microscope would not be used for
bacteria; if a bacteria specimen
were magnified by this amount
it would appear the size of an
elephant, according to Dr. Muller.
The microscope works at a
temperature of minus 300 degrees
Fahrenheit. Dr. Muller's earlier
microscopes enabled him to de
velop a theory which showed him
that lower temperaiures would
aid in getting greater magnifica
tion.
Teaches Graduate Physics
Dr. Muller said he only teaches
one course, a graduate physics
course. He works with students
working for their graduate de
grees, but spends most of his time
doing research.
The development of the new
microscope meant the realization
of a goal he has been striving to
reach for 19 years, from the time
in 1936 when, as a young physi
cist in Berlin, Germany, he de
veloped the first field emission
microscope.
A native of Berlin, Dr. Muller
was a pupil of Nobel Prize-win
ner Gustav Hertz. After the war
he worked at the Kaiser Wilhelm
Institute in Berlin and was a pro
fessor of physics at the Free Uni
versity of West Berlin. Dr. Mul
ler and his family came to the
United States in 1951. He joined
the University faculty in 1952.
Dr. Muller said he plans to re
main in the United States.
sonal character traits such as
mental, emotional, and physical
makeup
2. A lack of traffic knowledge.
3. A lack of driving skill.
4. The increase in a devil-may
care attitude concerning driving.
However, these shortcomings
can be overcome by capable driv
ers who have passed a stricter and
more thorough examination for
the operator's license and, after
passing, would take a yearly re
examination.
He cited the example of a test
conducted in Ohio which proved
that 600 of the people who had
driver's licenses were also re
ceiving checks for the blind.
An important phase of the ex
amination would be an interview
with a psychiatrist employed by
the traffic motor vehicle depart
ment in each town, who would
determine if the applicant were
mentally capable of operating
car.
He also advocated the spot
checking of automobile safety
features, as well as the yearly
compulsory vehicle inspection
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN. STATE COLLEGE. PENNSYLVANIA
now may observe the atomic
mainly on theoretical inter-
3 Groups
To Sponsor
Ist Fireside
Leonides, the Association of In
dependent Men, and the Univer
sity Christian Association will
sponsor the first in a series of
coed firesides at 7:30 pm. Wednes
day in Simmons Lounge.
Glen Elder, junior in agricul
ture education from Centerville,
will speak on a "Tour of Europe"
and will show color slides of his
trip last summer through Great
Britain, France, Germany Swit
zerland, Italy, and the Nether
lands.
Judith Pendleton, president, an
nounced last night that the S-
Club, which has been sp6nsoring
a series of dancing lessons for
men, has asked 35 independent
women to help with the final
lessons to be given Nov. 28, 29,
30, and Dec. 1. The lessons are
held in the Hetzel Union Build
ing.
Miss Pendleton also announced
that she will make unscheduled
visits to unit meetings regularly
held by Leonides representatives
in their respective dormitories.
She explained that a more per
sonal contact with independents
might help to erase the feeling
of working with a "non-entity."
Arabel Wagner, chairman of the
Leonides Mardi Gras booth com
mittee, reported to the council
that the Leonides,.booth earned
$l6, but that expenses ran to
$14.04. Mortar Board had given
the group $5.00, leaving a balance
of $9.04 to be paid out of the
Leonides treasury.
Two Football Trains
Due From Pittsburgh
Two special trains• carrying ap
proximately 1300 University of
Pittsburgh student and faculty
members will arrive Saturday for
the football game.
The Pennsylvania Railroad
trains will travel on the Belle
fonte Central lines from Belle
fonte to State College. The PAR
will use the Bellefonte Central's
diesel power to bring the trains
into State College.
• Members •of the University of
Pittsburgh faculty will travel on
the first train. The Pitt team will
return to Pittsburgh on one of
the trains.
which is in effect now.
Neyhart stressed that people
should be interested in the num
ber of traffic accidents not only
for humanitorian reasons, but also
because of the financial strain.
"The amount of money spent on
traffic accidents in a year is about
equal to half the money spent on
education," he said.
Accidents also caused a rise in
insurance rates.
Still the picture is not so
dim," Neyhart said, because
progress is being made, espe
cially along the lines of driver
education. He explained that
about half the high schools in
the country now have driver
education courses, and 369 col
leges and universities offer
courses in driver instruction.
The course originated at the
University, which now has four
courses open to graduate and
undergraduate students in teacher
preparation for driver education
during summer sessions, he said.
However, none are offered during
the academic year, when the staff
trains high, school teachers.
Eisenhower Praises
Television Education
Closed-circuit television in colleges and universities today
may well be the greatest single aid to both resident instruc
tion and adult education devised in this century, Dr. Milton
S. Eisenhower, president of the University, said in a quote to
the New York Times Sunday.
This method, which is not
is appearing on the nation's col
lege campuses as a partial solu
tion to the growing shortage of
personnel. Through the TV hook
up a professor can lecture to sev
eral classes at the same time.
60 Now in Use
Sixty closed-circuit installations
are now in use in Atnericim
schools. Many institutions of
higher learning are teaching tele
vision techniques.
Teaching techniques in ten
courses have been especially
adapted for television here at the
University, according to. the
Times., Among the courses taught
are general psychology, chemistry
and the psychology of Marriage.
This fall the University has
,broadened a research project, be
gun last year, to compare the ef
fectiveness of conventional in
struction with the smile instruc
tion presented over closed-circuit
television.
Some 2500 students are taking
the TV courses.
Experiments Prove Useful
Experiments in this method
may prove useful to extend the
effectiveness of the individual
teacher and improve the quality
of instruction, meet the teacher
shortage, and make it possible to
raise faculty salaries: by extend
ing the individual teacher's effec
tiveness.
According to a report issued by
the American Council on. Educa
tion's committee on television last
week, teachers' colleges are de
veloping a two-fold interest in
educational television.
TV Enables Observation
They are teaching its use as a
medium of instruction, and are
finding that through,a closed cir
cuit television they are able to
observe teaching demonstrations
at close range without actually
being in the classroom. This per
mits discussion among observers
without interruption of the class
being taught.
Dr. Clarence R. Carpenter, pro
fessor and head of the department
of psychology, will report on the
television experiment at meetings
of the American' Association of
Land-Grant Colleges and Univer
sities in East Lansing, Mich., this
week.
Frings Will Open
Evolution Lecture
Hubert W. Frings, professor of
zoology, will speak on the unify
ing concepts of modern biology at
the first in a series of four evolu
tion lectures to be held at 7:30
tonight in 214 Frear Laboratory.
The four lectures, sponsored by
the Zoology . Society, will cover
the biological, sociological, and
religious aspects of evolution.
At the second lecture, sched
uled for Nov. 29, Paul Grun, as
sistant professor of genetics, will
discuss the manner in which the
evolution of plants and animals
has occurred.
thought of SPUDNUTS!
30 DIFFERENT VARIETIES
Breakfast•
Coffee Break•
Dessert• •
Snack• 0:;„•t,1
Any Party• Noe
••
- 4 r
AD 8-6184 • '
te=e p
Phone 1 day ahead
Time Is Running Out
Last Two Performances
This Weekend!
/ r .
7,‘
The Rainmaker
Friday and Saturday
• Center Stage •
TUESDAY. NOVEMBER'IS. 1955
sent out to the. general public.
Flashcards—
(Continued from page two)
tators will be able to see the
flash cheers.
According to the new plan a
cheerleader, probably the head
cheerleader, will call the cheers
to the 660 students seated in the
section.
Delphi, Cwens, to Coordinate
The committee plans for Del
phi and Cwens to be aisle co
ordinators if they accept the plan.
They will distribute plans and
cards to each of the students seat
ed in their rows. With these plans
a student has only to look at the
number of the cheer called and
his plan sheet will tell him what
color card to hold up. The aisle
coordinators will sit on the end
of the aisle.
Two students will also be in
charge of distributing the plan
sheets to the members of Delphi
and Ovens according to the plan.
Freshmen sitting in the flash
cird section may count it as a
minor activity. The committee
expressed the :eeling that the
plan would work better with
freshmen than with seniors be
cause they felt the freshman class
has more spirit.
Fellowship Plans Open House
Roger Williams Fellowship will
hold an open house at 7 tonight
at the home of the Rev. Earl F.
Spencer, 417 W. Hillcrest avenue.
CLASSIFIEDS
FOR SALE
MINIATURE BINOCULARS. aix power.
Coat $36. Will sell for $l5. Call AD
843655.
ENGLISH BICYCLES.: 1 man's and 1
woman's 28 inch. Both with U.S. tires.
Will sell separately.
BASS VIOLIN, flat back, excellent tone
-880. Call Stan AD 8-9666 after 6 p.m.
'46 MERCURY, 4-door' sedan, radio,. good
- rubber. Call Stan AD 8-9666 after 6 p.m.
1941 DODGE, excellent condition, reason
able price. Radio and heater. Call Dave
Moskowitz AD 7-2941.
A CONN TENOR Sax and AB 8-point
hydroplane. Both good shape. Ask for
Fred. 814 Pugh St. Phone AD B-8708.
1946 76 OLDSMOBILE. Good tires, heater,
back-up lights, turn signals. Call AD
7-7246 after 5 :30 p.m.
PROFESSIONAL Radio and
PROMPT,
Televison Service. Batteries for all port.
able.. State College TV, 282 S. Allen St.
1929 CHRYSLER 2-door sedan. second
owner. Good condition. $5O for Quick
sale. Phone AD 7-4008.
1940 FORD 2-door sedan : recently com
pleted 1400 mile --trip. $5O. AD 7-4008
ask for Bob.
ROOMS FOR RENT
SEATS FOR Stan Kenton concert, Friday
Nov. 18 at 8:30 p.m. only $1.50 at HUH
desk.
THIRD FLOOR single room, medium sire
and % double Ist floor-2 blocks from
animus. 217 E. Foster. AD 7-3498.
LOST
RONSON PENCIL-LITER Friday in
HUB or Osmond. Finder call Chuck
ext. 296. ask for Chuck.
BOTANY NOTEBOOK Nov. 3. Call Pixie
ext. 1091.
ONE PAIR of glasses, black born rims
without case In the HUB. Call Bob
AD 8-8765.
FOUND
MODEL AIRPLANE found near beef barn.
Person may claim by paying for this ad.
Call Jay ext. 268:
WORE WANTED
TYPlNG—accurate and reasonable—theses,
term papers. Call Univ. ext. 2150 or
2187.
THEMES, MANUSCRIPTS and thesesao•
curately typed. Reasonable rates. Phone
AD 7-7147.
HELP WANTED
FIGURE SKATER to teach nine-year old
girl two hours per week. $l.OO per hour.
Phone AD 7-2512.
MISCELLANEOUS
HI FIDELITY—the latest in good music
listening at Shadle Associates, 284 E.
College Ave. Open evenings. Hear how
WDFM sounds over the amazing little
Granco FM receiver (only 29.95).
WE PHOTOCOPY discharge papers, mar
riage licenses, drawings, maps. thesis
papers. Evenings and Saturdays by ap•
pointment. Phone AD 7-2304.
WHEN YOUR typewriter needs service
just dial AD 74492 or bring saaeldwe
to $BB W. College Ave.
PHOTO COPY fierylat. We eopy every.
thing but money. Everything for UN
artist. Opos evealsgs. 0111 AD 74301.