I j f OPD HUTCHINSON, PubllsJicr. I WOULD RATHER BE RIGIIT TIIAN PRESIDENT. Uexhy Clay. 181.50 I3f ADVAKCT. i m m & m m & u4 fc3 , Fl L t.4 fcrf! VOLUME 2. DIRECTORY, EPAliKU EXPRESSLY FOB "THE ALLEGHAMAX." LIST OF POST OFFICES. n swr 7'os -Masters. Districts 1031 fenii's Creek, bethel Station, drrolltown, Chess Springs, Bresson, Jnsfnh Graham. Yoder. i JosepbrS Mardis, Bhuklick. Benjamin Wirtner, Carroll. Danl. Litzinger, Chest. John J. Troxell, Washint'u. Sa Timber, Isaac Thompson, White. I J uia, J- M. Christy, Gallitzin. Mrs. II. Jl Cagne, l,iensuurg IleinlocK, Johjasto'11 Lorctto, jliueral Point, JIuniter, Pershing, piatuville, Augustine, Scalp Level, Sonuian, jjaimerhill, Summit, Wilmore, Wm. M'douffh. Washt'n. II. A. Bogrs, Johnst'wn. Wui. Gwinn, Loretto. E. Wissinger, Conem'gh. A. Durbin, Munster. Francis Clement, Conem'gh. Andrew J. Ferral Susq'han. J. W. Bowman, White. Wm. Ryan, Sr., Clearfield. George Conrad, Richland. B. M'Coigan, Washt'n. Wrn. Murray, Crcyle. Miss M. GUlesptfc Washt'n. Andrew Beck, S'mmerhill. CHURCHES, MINISTERS, &.C. rrts'yterian Rev. D. Harbison, Pastor. frwcliing every Sabbath morning at 10 o'clock, and in the evening at 3 o'clock. Sal, UA School at 1 o'clock, A. M. Prayer meet in' every Thursday evening at C o'clock. 'ilethodist Episcopal Church Rev. J. Shane, Poacher in charge, nev . ii. iah;u, sistant. Preaching every Sabbath, altornatel f lOi o'clock in the morning, or 7 in th rcninT. Sabuatn ocuooi uv v viu-, Prayer meeting every Thursday evening at j'clock. W,h-h TntUvrndent Rev. Ll. R. Powkt.i Pistar. Preaching every faaouaiu morning ai 1) o'clock, and in the evening at o o ciock SiLbath School at 1 o'clock, v. -M. rrayei eting on the first Monday evening ot cacl r .r,th and on everv Tuesday, inuvsaai t:id Friday evening, excepting the first week ia each month. p,i:nitir Methodist Rev. John Vhiliams ?:trr Prpftrhinfr everv feabbatn evening at i.nrf r n'rnrk Sabbath School at IUOCIOCK i.M. Prayer meeting every Friday evening t 7 o'clock. Society every luesaay evening t 7 o'clock. n:tr;nt.. Rcr.Wsf.LLOYD. Pastor I'rcach in; every Sabbath morning at 10 o'clock. P.irti'Hlar V.antisU RKV. DAVID JENKINS Pst3r. Preaching everv Sabbath evening at I o'clock. Sabbath School at 1 o ciock, v. m. Cihr.'lr Tcv M. J. Mitchell, Pastor Services every Sabbath morning at 10. o'clock isd Vespers at -4 o'clock in the evening. EOEXSflURG 31 AILS. MAILS ARRIVE, wtera, daily, at 12 o'clock, A. M. Western, ' at 12 " A. M. MAILS CLU5K. Eastern, daily, at 1 o'clock A. M. Western, - at 7 " A. M. f The Mails fromButler,Indiana,Strongs- town, &c, arrive on Thursday of each week, t 5 o clock. P. M. Leave Ebensburg on Friday of eacn wcck. t: 8 p. m. 5n,The Mails from Newman's Mills, Car- rolltown, &Ci, arrive on Monday, Wednesday ad Friday of each week, at 3 o'clock, P. M. Leave Ebensbure on Tuesdays, Thursdays id Saturdays, at 7 o clock, A. M. t$L.Post Office open on Sundays from 9 tJ 10 o'clock, A. M. RAILROAD SCHEDULE. WILMORE STATION. ess Train leaves at 0.3 A. M Ir.st Line " 10.0'J 1'. M Mail Train. " 3.16 P. M -Expres3 Train. 8.10 P. M. Fast Line. " 6.39 A. M. Mail Train, " lO.OiA. M. COUJITY OFFICERS. Jtt lies of the Courts. President. Hon. Geo. -j ivlor. Huntiurdon : As-sociates. GeorereW. Iisley, Richard Jones, Jr. I eoihonolary. Joseph M Donald. Rf'jUttr and Recorder. Edward F. Lytic SAfrirf. -Robert P. Linton. D'.puty Sheriff. William Linton. District Attorney. Philip S. Noon. Counlu Cmmi'jjiiinwj. Ahel Llovd. D. T. Storm, James Cooper. Merle to Commissioners. Robert A. il Ooy Treasurer. John A. Blair. Poor llnm T),yfnr Dnvid O'llarro. ichael M'Guire, Jacob Horner oor Jtouxe Treasurer. George Ij. k. Aanm. Poor House Steicard. James J. Kaylor. Mtrtantilt Appraiser. II. C. Devine. Auiitar Honfir T f n L- Tnhn P. Stull. Jobn S. Rhev. County Surveyor. E. A. Vickroy. Coroner. James S. Todd. EBEXSnrRG DOR. OFFICERS. JWices of the Peace. David II. Roberts. '"Prison Kinkead. jryrDnvid J. Evans. Town Or. 7 r- i:0".1. Tl T T "uliarn D. Davis, Thomas B. Moore, Daniel Kvan3. Clerk to Council T. D. Litzinger. Virovjh Treasurer Georcre (Jurlcy. Y'igh Master William I)avi3. . rtturff h jiiiaiu wnvio, liiLsv o. T'tisurer of School Board Evan Morgan. tonjfaiGcorge Brown. Collec tor George Gurley. Judt of Election Mesliac Thomas. 'peelers Robert Evans, Wm. Williams. &uttor Richard T. Davis. . AnECHAEiAS $1,50 ia advaiicj T2ie Strawberries. The garden was filled with odors, From jasmin and heliotrope. And the tender moss-rose muffled In its beautiful velvet cope ; White currants, like beads of amber Strung upon sea-green silk, Mingled their spicy clusters With snowberries white as milk. I watch'd her plucking the strawberries, And bending over the bank, Where the large red fellows lay hiding, As if from her search they shrank ; And when she bit them she opened Lips ripe and red a3 they Ah 1 if I had been the strawberries I would not have hidden away 1 "Are you not fond of strawberries ? Why don't you pluck anl eat? See, here is a noble fellow, Juicy, and red, and sweet. Don't stand there looking so solemn, As if you thought 'twas a sin To eat of such delicate morsels, But open your mouth and begin." "Ah ! Imogen, dear," I answered, "I care for no fruit but one. 'Tis as ripe and red as this strawberry, And as full as the blood of the sun, But you selfishly hold it from me, Nor oiler me eveu a ptirt." "What is this fruit?'' she questioned; "This fruit," I said, "is your heart!" The strawberry dropped from her fingers, And she stretched, out her little hand, And I knew that 'stead of the fruit, it held The sweetest heart in the land. So we left the strawberries lying In their shadowy leaves that day, And silently walked in the garden, While the long hours stole away. MARVELS GF THE WHEAT PUNT. From the N. Y. Tribune. Iron baa been held by some to be the true symbol of civilization, because nations produce and use it in proportion to their social and industrial advancement. A sim ilar claim has been made for cotton, but by the taskmaster only. But the wheat plant is the only true symbol. Civilization began when its cultivation commenced. No savage nations cultivate it. The American aborigines had no knowledge of it, and they quickly remarked the differ ence between themselves and the English, saying that the latter lived on seeds, while they Jived on flesh; that the flesh had lour. legs on which to escape, while the- had but two with Svhich to pursue, and that the sced- rowers would supersede the flesh eaters. Wherever wheat is cultivated the nations abandon barbarism. Mechanism was invoked, eveu many centuries ago, to promote, by rude contrivances, both tillage and cleaning. The inventor of the sickle is unknown, but the pioneers of Dutch commerce in China, there discovered the winuowing mill, which is now a fixture in every American barn. The wheat plant has long been, perhaps, the greatest power in the earth. It was the acknowledged staff of life when the steam engine was unknown, before a single coal mine had been opened, or the miraculous capacities of iron -had been ascertained. It has been the great power from which human effort, in all countries, has derived its mightiest momentum. It has built turnpikes and railroads, dug canals, founded cities, cov ered rivers with steamboats nnd the ocean with ships. Millions ot human beings depend upon it for existence, both as grow ers and consumers. Banish it from the earth, and it would be vain to seek for a ubstitute. Our teeming "West would stop suddenly short in its wonderful career of greatness. Agriculture everywhere would pause, scarcity be universal, and the fact be recognized that the wheat plant is the corner stone of civilization. The oldest history mentions the cultiva tion of wheat. But the plant has at no time, nor in any place, been found growing wild. Neither is the country of its origin certainly known. On this point we obtain light enough from history and botan- to justify the conjecture that its native place is .Persia, and also India. But even on this point there arc different opinions en tertained by able writers. It is certainly not indigenous to America. In 1530, a slave of Cortez found some grains which had been accidentally mixed with riec, and having carefully planted them and their product for several years, he raised a stock of seed from which all "the subsequent wheat crops of Mexico have been derived. The controversy touching the origin of wheat has been most animated and volu minous. In Sicily a wild grass is found, called by botanists Eyilops ovafa, which some have con tended to be the true parent of wheat. It is a hard, rouh looking ;rass, which is sometimes gathered in bunches and burnt, and the seeds used for bod. It is also found in various other daces, and there are several species of it. It was contended that by careful cultiva tion the Kgilops could be transformed into wheat. This was as vehemently denied. It was known, however, that under certain EBENSBU11G, PA., THURSDAY, APRIL circumstances, plants very nearly resem bling wheat had been produced from two perfectly distinct species of Egilops, and the presumption obtained that these were thewild representatives of cultivated grain, and that therefore wheat is nothing more than Egilops modified by the influence of soil, climate and superior cultivation. While this point was yet mooted by the botanists, an experiment was going on un known to them, instituted by one who had never heard of their investigations, their discoveries or their disagreements, and who knew but little of botanical science. Its results have had an important influence in determining the question at issue. In 1838, a French gardener, Esprit Fabrc, found the Egilops ovata growing wild in the neighborhood of his residence at Adge. In the autumn of that year he sowed the seed, and in 1839 the plants grew from 2 to 2 feet high, ripened and yielded an increase of only five-fold. This increase was again sowed, and in 1840 the crop bore a striking resemblance to genuine wheat. It was sowed that fall, and in 1S41 the product was a crop of cars more closely resembling true wheat. Great and impor tant changes were observable in the grains of this third crop. There were no longer any barren spikclets, while all of them were in every respect like wheat, each one bearing two or three perfectly developed grains. These were sowed, but in 18-12 the crop was almost entirely destroyed by rust. The few grains saved were sewed, and in 1843 the plants grew three feet high, the straw being firmer than before, and less brittle- The ears were less fragile and resembled wheat exactly. One grain yielded S80 grains for one sown, and an other 450. Planted again, and in 1844 all the spikelets were fertile, and many of them contained three grains. In 1845 all who examined the crop adjudged it to be true wheat. Mr. Fabre so regarded it himself, and in 1845 he sowed the grain in an open field, and for four succeeding years continued to produce it with equal success, the yield being G to S times the seed sown. The stems were straight, solid and 30 inches high. Thi remarkable result excited the live liest attention from the learned men of Europe. It confirmed the position of one set of disputauts, who maintain that by c'iniate, soil, posiiim and culture, plants may permanently change their character istics, while it covered with confusion some of the most eminent French botanists. Instead of according merit to the simple gardener who for twelve years had labored patiently to solve a great botanical prob lem, they impeached hn veracity, and ac cused him of producing a mere hybrid, forgetting, in their zeal, that if so, it was rjrie which possessed the rare quality of reproducing itself. This series of experi ments is pronounced by Mr. Kilppart, of Cincinnati, in his recent exhaustive work on the wdieat plant, to be pregnant with the most important consequences. He thinks that if wheat must be regarded as of an allied genera of Egilops, it proves that botanists were not sufficiently familiar with the character of the plants when the classification was made, aud that identity will reconcile the traditious, the vague and disconnected accounts of the origin of wheat, which in ancient as well as in mod ern times, was claimed to be four.d in Babylonia, Persia and Sicily, as in all of them the Egilops is very comaion. Wherever the foot of civilized man has penetrated, this symbol of hia power has gone wit1! hmi. California, the latest il lustration of this fact, which ten years ago imported vast quantities of flour, is now au exporter of food. A not less curious fact is the number of varieties of wheat, and the apparently capricious taste of growers in selecting particular sorts for cultivation. The origin of some of these varieties is equally curious. The Hunter wheat, so extensively cultivated in Scotland, sprung from a single plant accidentally discovered in a large field. The Ohio Lambert wheat had a similar origin. Whence these vari eties proceed, no one can say. A field of a kind long cultivated on the same farm, shows a strange head in its crop. It may topple up higher than its neighbors, or it may be larger aud fuller, but from some cause attracting notice, it is preservcdand propagated. The diflculty is to say where it came from. A bird has probably picked it up in sonirt northern climate which pro duces a hardier berry, and, flying south, has.dropped it, undigested, on a field al ready sown, in season for vegetation to follow. This theory is sustained by the well-known fact, that auy variety of this grain which is taken much south of its usual locality and there sown, will present a more vigorous and hardy appearance than its neighbors that have been acclima ted. It is also known that all the varieties imported from Europe and now the stand ards in our best wheat regior.s, came irom high latitudes. The most popular of thein is the Mediterranean, which is in reality Danish or Norwegian, the common name of Mediterranean being a misnomer. The wheat plant is much more sensitive to heat than it is to cold. If it be steep ed for only fifteen minutes in water ten degrees above the boiling point, its vital ity is destroyed. In northern latitudes the plant lives 180 days, but in Mexico only 100. Hence it 13 that our extreme Southern States have never been great wheat producing regions. Climate alons forbids it, even if the soil were the right one. Wheat requires a soil rich in phos phates, just as vine requires lime. Every plant seems to need a specific stimulant. The tea of Java is inferior, because the soil is overloaded with the salts of iron, a cause to which the Nankin cotton of Chi na owes its orange color. W'heat also has its favorites iu the catalogue of manures. British agriculture, aided by chemistry, has discovered what they are, and haviug used them freely, is rewarded by crops that nearly treble the yield of half a cen tury ago. These are the phosphates. Distant countries arc exhausted of bones to supply tjjem, and vast quantities of phosphatic fertilizers are manufactured at home to meet the increasing demand. Winter-lulling is constantly complained of by farmers without the causes being accurately known. If sowed too deep, the grain produces so few roots that it can not afford to loose any of them .without perishing. When the ground freezes and thaws many times, at each freezing it cracks opeu. The roots extend across these cracks and are torn asunder, thus depriving the plant of its necessary nour ishment, when in many instances it per ishes outright, or maintains a sickly and unprofitable existence. Sometimes the crop is thrown entirely out of the ground, when it is sure to perish, as the chance of' formincr new roots is gone. The natural remedy for such calamities is known to be a deep covering of snow. As the plant, during Winter, exerts all its energy in developing roots and leaves, leaving Sprit) a to form the stalk and Summer to perfect it, a heavy and lasting snow keep3 it so warm as to allow this energy to act, beside effectually protecting its roots from rup ture by alternate freezing and thawing. But seasons occur when no snowy blanket falls. The artificial remedy is underdrain ing; and if done thoroughly, it may be pronounced winter killing. British agri culture abounds with proof of this, and in this country, since uudcrdraining has been introduced, there is much confirma tory evidence. Our severe ami variable climate renders it much mure necessary than in Englaud. One of the most marvelous faculties of the wheat plant is that of sending up a multitude of stalks from a single grain, known as tillering. It is the secret of its great productiveness. Many experiments have been made to ascertain the limit of this faculty, and the results have been truly wonderful. Au English gentleman sowed a few grains of common red wheat on the 2d of June, one of the plants from which had tillered so much by the .8th of August,that he then divided it into eighteen others, ail which were planted separately. In a few weeks so many of these had again multiplied their stalks, that he had set out sixty-seven altogether to. go through the Wrinte?. With the Spring growth all these began tillering, so that iu March and April a nev division was made, aud the number of plants increased to 5U0. It was believed thatauother division might have bean made, and that it would have increased the number to 2,000. The 500 grew most vigorously, exceeding plants as ordinarily cultivated. When harvested, a single plant yielded over 100 ears, and the whole number of ears produced was 21,109, or more than 40 to each divided plant, and the grain measured 3 J peeks, weighing 47 pounds. The grains were estimated as numbering 570,840. All this was the product of a single ker nel. It is an " error to suppose that ours is the greatest wheat producing country. We do our full share, without doubt, but our system of agriculture is steadily ex hausting our best land, and in a few years a diminuation of the yield will be appa rent iu our census returns. . Last year's crop is assumed to be 180,000,000 bush els, but the average is probably only 120,000,000. The average yield of oth er countries is as follows : France, 191,422,2 IS Rritain, 143,800,000 Two Sicilies, 04,000,000 Canada, 00,470,184 Spain, 4;,;I4,800 Austria, 'J7, 7:55, "G8 Sardinia, 19,1)75,000 Russia, (export only) 38,021.770 Belgium, 13,350,000 Portugal, 5,500,000 Turkey, (export only) 4,729,000 ' Holland, 3,000,000 Denmark, y.00o,ooo Sxtedea and Norway, 1,200,000 Here is an annual production of over 11, 1801. 006,000,000 bushels. If the crops of mis comment are inciuacu, tne total may be safely assumed to be 900,000,000, as the uuaseeitained product of llnssia and Turkey must be very large. No better evidence of the primary value of the wheat plant to the human family could be given than such an exhibition as this. It proves that where the highest civilization has been attained, there the greatest production is realized. Taken In SIci- Oitu JVet. A few Sundays ago, a young man be longing to one of the very first families of Virginia, and imbued with that descrip tju of early piety which induces youthful masculines to attend fashionable taberna cles, attended morning service in one of the principal churches in Ilichmond. The affable and gentlemanly sexton of the institution met him at the door, and escor ted him with all due solemnity to a luxu riant pew. The pew was uninhabited at the time j but scarcely had the young gentleman ta ken a seat when there entered a beautiful young lady of the most fashionable pat tern, who gracefully waved her hand in token of her unwillingness to disturb him, and subsided delightfully into a seat near the head of the private box we mean pew. Our hero was as pious as a Virginian can afford to be, and entertained a due sense of the solemnity of the time and place ; but he could not help casting a glance now and then toward the fair stran ger ; and when she was so kind as to hand him a hymn-book, an overpowering sensa tion caused his vocal praise to resemble anything but music. The hymn being finished, the clergyman raised his hands in prayer; aud straight way the lady and her admirer sank upon their knees, in the manner prescribed by polite standards of devotion. It is believed that the young man heard little of the petition, as the worshippers in other pews observed that instead of look ing devoutly upward he stared persistently in an oblique direction over the left wing of hs mustache. At any rate he looked boldly in that direction on rising from his knees, and was somewhat surprised to fiud that the young lady still remained in tiie attitude of deep devotion and made no apparent attempt to resume her seat. At first he fancied that the minister's prayer, which was of a particularly soothing char acter, had hushed her to sleep ; but upon looking more closely at her he discovered that she was trembiiag violently, and be trayed every symptom of great mental ag itation. "Can it be," thought he, "that some eloquence of the preacher, which I have failed to perceive, has so touched the inno cent heart of this young creature that she dare not arise lest her dewy tears should attract the attention of the congregation V "And still heazed, and still the wonder grew," until the beautiful knecler's emotion was suddenly augmented to such a degree that she actually threw one of her fair hands behind her, and made divers couvulsive clutches at her dress ! Purely devotional fervor would not account for this, and the young man's astonishment was fast leading him toward idiocy, when the young devo tee spasmodically beckoned him to approach her. Virginians are not generally troubled with bashfulness ; and when we say that our hero slid in the direction of his kneel ing companion with unparalleled alacrity, it will be perceived that he was no excep tion to the general rule! Finding him beside her, the fair girl turned to him a face rivaling the most glorious sunset in its rosy hue, and falter iugly rejoined : "Please help me, sir. My dress has caught, and uh, dear ! I can not get up!" The bewildered youth 'saw the point at once.' Though properly pious, the devout maiden was not above those vanities of the world which induce womankind to worship Fashion and their Maker at the same time, and she had honored the former by com ing to church in au extensive hoop-shirt aud a pair of high-hcelcd gaiters. While in the kneeling attitude, the heels of her gaiters had caught in one of the upper hoops of her skirt, and thus rendering her unable to rise, each effort to release her self making the matter worse. Her only recourse was to ask the aid of her com panion, and that he promptly and effi ciently Tendered his assistance no one will hesitate to believe. In short, the young gentlemau achieved the feat in a way that would have caused the lady to call him an 'awkward, stupid thing' had he been her husband, aud she thanked him, as she re gained her seat, with a blush more elo quent than words. XgQ, Don't you think, husband, thatyou are apt to believe everything your hear''" Not when you talk, my dear." NUMBER 84. Fun aud Fauy. "A little nonsense, now and then, Is relished by the best of uien," Mixxno ur the Babies. Some time there was a dancing party given "up north." Most of the ladies present had . little babies, whose noisy perversity re quired too much attention to permit the, mothers to enjoy the dance A number of gallant young men volunteered to watch the young ones while the parents indulged in a breakdown. No sooner had the w om en left the babies in charge of the mis chievous rogues than they stripped tho infants and changed their clothes, giving to one the apparel of another. The dance over, it was then time to go horae, and the mothers hurriedly took each a baby, in the dress of her own, and started, somo to . their homes tenor fifteen miles off, and were far on their way before daylight. But the day following there was a prodi gious row in that settlement ; mothers dis covered that a single day had changed the sex of their babes, observation dis closed startling physiogical phenomena, and then commenced of some the tallest female pedeslrianism. Living miles apart, it required two days to unmix the babies, and as many months to restore the women to their naturally sweet dispositions. To this day it is unsafe for any of the baby mixcrs to venture within theterritory. A Bad 2igiit. A gentleman was once dining with a friend, when a dreadful storniame up. In hopes of abatement, the entertainment was prolonged to the latest hour ; but at length it was over and the storm showed no signs of ceasing, but on the contrary, grew worse and worse. The host insisted upon his guest's accep tance of a lodging for the night, in vietf ot the impossibility of reaching his home. The guest complied, but in a few min utes was missed from the parlor. In half an hour he reappeared, drenched with rain. "Where in Heaven's name have you been ?" asked the host, viewing the sin gular looking object which looked like a dog around the paws and a weeping wil low about the head. "I," said he quietly shaking off the water,"Ihave been at home to tell my wife, that as it was such a bad night I should not return." Wanted A Categorical AitsWeiL A man of unblemished character waa candidate for a large constituency, and the following means were used to get rid of him. At a large public meeting an elec tor got up and said : "I demand the exercise of my right to ask that candidate a question. Will he answer me by a direct yes or no, like an honest man ?" "Undoubtedly I will." "Well then," said the elector, "I ask that gentleman who killed his washer woman V WThat was the gentleman to say ? Yes or no could not answer the question. Ha hesitated, he stammered the meeting was against him. He was hustled cut of the room ; and to this day he labors under the grave imputation, in many people's minds, of having feloniously accelerated' the death of some unfortunate and perhaps ill-used washerwoman. Vanity Faiu-ites. Positive and Eggativc a cackling hen. . The best of the dollar jewels O nix. A Union toast to the Stars : Thirty four jorty or fight. A capital thiug to turn ia a bar-room an egg Sip-flap. Apropos of the hard times: An old friend -with a new face Whatever is, is tight. When Jeff. Davis threatens to mako Lincoln quail, don't he want to make game of him ? Why is Doctor Holmes inconsistent? Because he cither doses tho public with Autocracy, or Elsie Fincr-ates them. The editor's lust word to "our own cor respondent" Be sure you write then go ahead. JEa?""To incommode the enemy, the peo ple of Charleston have destroyed their harbor. This reminds us of au old French manwho asked the bank to redeem .in ppecie a hundred dollar bill. Tho bank refused. This so exasperated the French man that he exclaimed, "By gar, I have my revenge," saying which, ho tore, up the bill and threw it iuto the cashier's face. EQuWhen wo see a pretty female foot, we naturally conclude that it belongs to a pretty girl, on the principle that "All's well that ends well." 2? A girl's vital spark her lover. J 1
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers