THE! KJCJIKClt 1CII I'LAX. (j We furnished our raajrrs, last week, m cotrdet sed foim, tbe substance of lire PrcS'dciit's Mesai'e, wi h copinue extracts (if the most impor tint p.rK The Exchequer Dan is the mitt ji-ouii-rem, anil peihaps the only real iatcieiling topic in the message A we wily Lid room lo give uur resders a p.Tiiun of Lit views on this subject lost week, wo n-vw Iny bef re them ill -he eiiys in rela i.on o this important matter: In view ol tbe fict that, in 1CT0, the whole tank note circulation within the United Stules byonnted to bul &G1,2'.'3,S9S, according to the Treasury sturcmcnf, and that en addition had beon made thereto of the enormous sum of $-33,000,000 in seven yenrs, (the circulation on the first January, 1S37, being Hated at U9, l&.SPJ.) aided by the great facilities afforded hi obtaining loans from European capitalist., w5n were soizr.d wiih the same speculative mania which prevailed iu the United States and the large importations of UiihU from a Lrnud, the result of stock sales and loans no one can bo surprised ut the apparent, but un Bubttiuitial state of prosperity which every where prevailed ever the IuihI ; whila as lit tie cause of surprise should bu felt at the pre ent prostration of every thing', and the ruin which has befallen so many of our fellow citi zens in the sudden withdrawal from circula tion of so large mi amount of bank issues, since 1S37 exceeding, as is believed, . tlie amount added to the paper currency (or a similar pe riod antecedent to 1537, it ceases to be a mat ter of astonishment lliat such extensive ship .wrcck should have been made uf private for tunes, or that duTieuitiesahouW exist in meeting their engagements on tlie part of the debtor Elates. ApartiVotn which, if there bo taken into account the immense loves suctuined in the dishonor of numerous banks, it is less a matter of surprise that insolvency should have visited many of our fellow citi2ens, than that j many shotrld have escaped the blighting in fluence of the times. In the solemn conviction cf these truths, find with an ardent desire to meet the pressing necessities of the country, I felt it to be my duty to cause to be submitted to you at the commencement of your late session, the plnn of an Exchequer, the whole power and duty of maintaining which, in purity and vigor, was to be exercised by the Heprescutatives of the People and the States, and, therefore virtually by the People themselves. It was proposed to jiliiceit under the control and tlirection of a Treasury Board, to consist of three Commis sioners, whose duty it should be to see that the Jaw of its creation was faithfully executed, and thut the great end of supplying a paper medium cf exchange, at all times convertible into gold nd silver, thou! J be attained. The Board thus constituted, was given as much permanency ns could be imparted to it, without endangering the proper share of res ponsibility which should uttach to all public a gents. la order to incure all the advantages of a well matured experience, the Commissioners were to bold their offices for tin- respective pe riods of two, four and six years, thereby secu ring at nil times in the management of the Ex chequer, the services of two men of experience; and to place them in a condition to exercise perfect independence of mind and action, 4it was provided that their removal should only take ylnce fur actual incapability or infidelity to the trust, r.nd to be followed by the President with an exposition of the enures ofsncli remo val should it occur. It was proposed to cstab lif.h subordinate boards in each of the States, un der the same restrict i-jiis and limitations of Uie power of removal, which, with the central board, should receive, safely keep, and disburse the .public moneys ; and in order to furnish a sound paper medium of exchange, the Exchequer should retain oft' e reven jvs of the Government a sum not to exceed $r,0C!O,(H() in specie, to be eet apart as required by its operations, and to fw the public credit at his own option, either in specie or Treasury notes, of denominations not less than five, not -exceeding one hundred dollars, which notes should he redeemed at the several places of issue. ar.d to be receivable at all times and every where in payment of Gov ernment dues; with a restraint upon such is sue of bills tiiatthe amc should not exceed the maximum of $l.ri,0(l,lH;fl. In order to guard against all the hazards incident to fluctua tions in trade, the Secretary of tlie Treasury vas iu vested with authority to issue $"),(00,0(lG tf Government stock, siu'M tbe "e at any time be regarded as necessary, in order to place beyond hnzard the protvpt ridctiij-tion oi toe bills which might be thrown into circulation. Tims in fact making the j.wue of 15,0l)0,(XUI of Exchequer bills, rest substantially on $-10,-(tOO.OfiO and keeping in circulation never more than one and one-half dollars for every dollar in specie. Whi n to this it is added that the bills ore not only every where receivable in Govern ment itself would be bound for Ufjir ultimate re demption, wo rational doubt can exid that the paper witu the Exchequer w. :.!d rraMy en- ter into gamers! circulation, and be maintained tt all times i or bcve par wjtii gold and si,- I T,. ir UM fulness has been limited by their be ver ; thereby realiiirg the gnat wtnt of li.el j -,, t.-snsient and temporary; their ceasing to agoond ftilfillirg the withes ol the jr t.ple. j .r intrrvs-t at given periods, necessarily taus- lo order to r. imhurw the Gove rnmetit. C.e fcxpenses of the pb.n, it wns proi)sed to inv. -t the Exchequer with th': lir.iiied entl.ority to dial in Ul!if cxchv, unlets prohibited ly the State ia which an seiicy miyiit betiluattd haiiug only thiity days to rfcii,! rtttiiigon a fair and bone Hdt basis. The Legislative will on th' point will be so plainly announced es to avoid all pretext for rartnlitycr fs tfit.r-iji ft am furthermore proposed to invent this Treasury agent withau tliority to receive on deposite a limited amount, the specie funds of individuals, and to jrant certificates therefor, to tie redeemed on presen tation, under the idea, w hich is believed to be well founded, that such certificates would come in aid of the Exchequer bills in supplying a safe and ample paper circulation. Or, if in place of the contemplated dealings in exchange, tint Kxcbeqtier should be authori zed not only to exchange its bills for actual de pa? it es of specto,hut for specie or its equivalent to sell drafts charging thfrefor a amali bnt rea sonable premium, I can.iot doubt but that the benefits of the law would be speedily manifested to the revival of the credit, trade and business vf the whole 'Country. Entertaining this opi nion, it becomes my duty to tirge its adoption upon Congress, by reference to tlie stronges' considerations of the public interests, with such nlterations in its details as Congress may in its wisdom see fit to make. 1 am well aware that this proposed alteration and amendment of the luwa establishing the Treasury Department has etcountered various objections, bjkJ that among otliers it lies been proclaimed a Government Bank of fearliil and dangerous import. It isprnjniKs to Confer up on it no extraordinary powers. It purports to do no more than pay the debts of tlie Government, in which respect it accomplishes precisely wh it the Treasury docs daily at this time, in issuing Withe public creditors the Treasury uutes which, under law, it is authorized to issue. It has no resemblance to an ordinary Batik, ' as it furnishes no pTofiU to private stockhold- j ertf, and lends no capital to individuals. If it ! be objected to asa Government Bank, and Ihj objection be available tlten should all the laws in relation to the Treasury he repealed, and the capacity of tlie Government to colhict what is ! due to it, or pay w hat it owes, be abrogated. This is the chief purpose of the proposed Exchequer; and surely if, iu the accomplish ment of a purpose so essential, itafl irds a sound circulating medium to the country and facili ties to trade, it should be regarded as no slight recommendation of it tntlic public eons klerat ion. Properly guarded by the provisions of law, it ca,n run into no dangerous evil, nor can any a buse arise under it but such as the legislature itself will be answerable for, if it be tolerated ; since it is but the creature of the law, sjid is pusceptibleat all times of niodihcation, amend ment or repeal, at the pleasure of Congress, I know that it has been ohjocted that the sys tem should be liable to be abused by the Legis lature, by whom alone it could be abused, in the party conflicts of the day. That snch abuse would manifest itself in a change of the law which would authorize an excessive issueof pa per for the purpose of tlie inflating prices and winning popular favor. To that it may be an swered, that the ascription of such a motive to Congress is altogether gratutious and admissa hie. The theory of our institutions would lead us to a different conclusion. But a perfect se curity against a proceeding so reckless, would be found to exist in the very nature of things. The political party which should be so bliud to the true interests of the country as to the resort to such an experiment, would inevitably meet with final overthrow in the fact that, the moment the paper ceased to be convertible into specie, or otherwise promptly redeemed it would become worthless, ami would, in the end, dit-h'rtior the Government, involve tlie people in ruin, uud such political party in hopeless dis grace. A t the same time, such a view involves the utter imosMi ilily-of furnishing any curren cy oilier than that of the precious metals, for if the government itsell cannot forego tlie temptation of excessive paper issues, what re liance can be placed hi corporations upon whom the temptation of individual aggraudizement would most strongly operate ! The people would have to blame none but themselves tor any injury that miglrt arise from a course so reckless, since their agents would be the wrongdoers, and they the passive spectators. There can be but three kinds of public cur rency, let. Gold and Silver 2d. The p:ijer ofStQte institutions or, JJd. A representative of the precious metals, provided by the General Government, or under its authority. The Sub Tr.aeury System, rejected the last in an form; and, as it was believed thut no reliance conld be placil on the tf-nrs of local institutions, for the purposes of general circulation, it necessa n'y and uuavoidabjy adopted rpecie as the ex clusive currency for its own use. And this luual t-'Vtr b the cilc unless one of the other r.ijids be !'H'd, The choice, in the present stale of public sentiment, lite between an exclusive spu-ie currency on tile one hand, and Govern (lent iosues of some kind on the other. That titcse irsues cannot be made by a chartered ins'.i'.ulitxi, is supposed to be conclusively set tled. They wurt be made, tlien, directly by Go- I vrnmiMit agents. I or several years past they i he ve t- n thus iiiaJc in the lorin of Treasury : n, t nml have answered u -valuable jirpise. j " their fp.-edy return, and Ihus rcs';,ctll their , mi'ri-i.f circulation, aw'., 'ofinj USel only in j tbn ,"l,'-rsr'rrrits i;f Governmci.t, they cannot iruri: t!.ov potnts here they are most required. By rendering thtvir use permanent, tothe mode rate xlent nl.ieady mentioned, by ollering no into:,-! tiient for tl.eir return, and by ebeharging ther.i f.r coin and other values, they will con stitute, to a certain extent, the general curren cy . t. e'.ij i.nJedto nioictuin O.e it.ttrnu! trade of the country. And this It the Exchequer plan, so far as it may operate in furnishing a currency. It his now become obvious to all men that the Government must look to its own means for supplying its wants, and H is consoling to know that these means aro altogether adequate for tho object. The Excheqnw if adopted, will greatly aid in bringing abont the result. Upon what i regard as a well-founded supposition that its bills would be readily sought for by the public creditors, and that the issue would in a short time retch the mnxium of SI 5,000,(100, it is obvious thut $10,(X0,0XX) would thereby be added to tbe available roean9 of the Treasury without cost or charge. Nor can I fuil to urge tbe great and beneficial effects which would be produced in aid of all the active pursuits of life. Its effects upon tlie solvent State banks, while it would force into liquidation thoe of an opposite character through its weekly settle ments, would be highly beneficial ; and with tlte advantages of a sound currency, tle retor atinn of confidence Rnd credit wmikl follow, with a uumerons Ira'n of b'essings. My con victions are most strong that tiiese bcni fiis would Cow from the adoption of this measure ; but if the result should be adverse, there is thw secwi'y in vontiection with it, that the law erouteingittnay lie repealed at the pleasure ' of the I..islature. without the iVbusi imnli. i 0 . - - o Ci'ilionofits good fuith (J Oi.s. Va has Ttuiril t ihi country Befo e It'oiit); 1'urt, a tiuuil'i r 4" Aineiican citiien!, gfivc bim a public dinner. Tlie fnl.'owing e!oqu-nt rrmnrkii arc un extrart or his speerh on tbe ocra- j sion, in tiwir to s eumijlimrntarv toast: "Wr, wIkj have pot the ocean Ivtwcen our clvis uud our native Und, can in my opinion t" st aiitirKi.ite the Meetings, which I'rovidei ce has cotifiTnd Usn our tH'luved coiiiilry. Without selling to iVny the iiirtriutimm of tbe old world, or lo i1etcril its condition an worse than it is, no American can full lo bo tfruiV by tbe immense superiority in nil elements of human happiness, which our confederated Republic presents over the Castern Ilemisplwre. He who leaves our thorc ftr a residence abroad, and dors nut return n wiser and a better rKieen, will have lunkcd upon fife with as little windom as profit. The questions, s.iri;il and political, w hich agitate these birce and densely Hrtiled regions, arc iiestkns of ffe and deaib. Autiigonist tinriples rr in cun'acl buti'e at every moment to break in-o fien-e sciion, ik! wliirb in their operation may and prolyl ly will sfTert (lie wh' le frame of society. Changes may come, which enn only te rnliiced hy de-pea?e struaeles between those who tiodand those wbo seek the pnwtr ; betwenn ih se who buve much i d tho-e who b ivh no'bing ; ttHvren wsnt and misery stiiving for existei ce, siid wealih and poster slrma,; for d fence Happily for u, (his siaie of things is unknown in our c.iunlry. We are indeed divijed into parlies, and this, perliapn, is Mie of the con.lilions of the preservniion of fieedoui. But we luie no orgsnic distinctions by which cl.nsis are created and msin'uiiivd ; we have no phy,ical misery nor politico! oppression to arisy one portion of the com munity sgninst ano. her, and lo tesch it to seek re lief in the destruction ofriisiing iiiKtittnions. Our qut-siinns indcej are debated with a ti l which prove that all are in earnest and that they result from honest differences of opinion, respecting per sons ami principles, and some times, unfortunately, with a Uttortieca -which calm patriotism may de plore. But after all, they pass swsy, leaving un banned the institutions ol'the country, and dilut ing bul in bokler relief, tke strength af our potiliesl system, and th wisdom and energy of public o pininn. And it is good white we see here together in these otJ realms of lank and ilisimction, to recall one of the most beaunful traits in our wh. lc sys tem of GoverniBiiit, of wLkh I am mysilf a prac tical illustration, and that is the perfect equality which is the veiy foundation of our Constitution an equality, which opens all the avenue of ad vancement to tlie wlwj'e rommuniiy, and leaves succ ssor f iil u re to the t xeriions of each. That tins prni ipl.- stonld be Ui r to Die yiHi will ill obc' tiilieve. lien I till )ou, tlut n i lio lietwceu forty ai.d lifty ymrs nine I iros-el the in oumaiiison foot, without pslioimge and w lhwul powerful futility connexion, a y. ung adrnturer in lhi legion, then so wild and solitiry, now Iteming wilh lift) and I beriy. And win ever seivices I have luen able to rruder and with whatever re ward th se have In en grestly overpaid, I ow e all to tl is Ife-giving princ pie ; lo tbu Rreat test and preservation of republican ir;stitut ons. Still my fiii mis, there in obviously one want in our country ; one Icrfon lo be learned, which would do more lo unite and to lender ushsppy, than sny measure proposed by any party as a remedy for evils felt or in ticip i'e.1 ; and that is a just uppreriatiou of our own condition. A iic,pf-li reihualiMi of the groat blessings we enjoy ! A conviciion ibat (he sun never shone upon a Und more favored by Provi dence, and lliut all those sul jecls of discussion, which divide u, imKrtant as they are, never can justify the fieice animosity to which they often givebiith, but ihst lliey sink into insigmfirence when placed in ihe balance sgiiot all that Coil has oone fo as to make us a hippy people. Tbi- burn ia well learned abroad, ly rampariog r:'.a( we have I. ft, with whal wa ate ati".iid us, j,ij 1 trust we sliallcirry it wi.b. u as a precious acquisition, 'ofluencig out conduct and opinions l life. P. rmit me to conclude by offering you a senti ment in which I am suie you will all e d ally join. Our Nsiiv.' ('imntry SiHI murer the f.ither wears i rr (-, d f om il" Wnoorivn ' i . n . A lea pn t. ful of castor oil lo a -p otiftil nf in U-sr ; a I, as.sviiifiil of the mix lore giv.n wl.rneier the eouh is troublesome, will fford n In fat once, it u a. id, snd in a few days rtf rt a cure. The ssnin remedy, Il is slso aflir.n el, nil-vs the C.' j'Jj, bawevcr violent the cttark. THE AMERICAN. StawrtMy, Drc. 17, !84S. Ws hss just rscrhwd sixty tenma of print ing paper, similar in sice and quality to the he t upon wliicb this is printed. AIo 36 reami of Mi ner rtovil 71 by t9 inches, which will be soil at cost Mid carriage, forcaA. (Jj We are inJebted to th Hon. lamei Borhan nan of the Senate, snd tbe linn. John 8nyoVr of the Hikimi of Reprewntativrt, ouj others, for earljr copies of tlwi Presidonrs Message. (j We bad another fall of snow on ToesJay lnt. lite sleighing is now Pireedinjs'y firm. (T llie Legislature will mret on Tuesday tbe 3d d iv of Jsnurn-y next. The Tu'-fliy following the Itlth of Januniy is fixed (h? elec ion of I IT, S. ftcnalor. The Hun. Jamr Bwhunin will no doulil be re--1oct"d tu tha stntimi, wtiidi he now so "",v 1 n" !M:"t' 1 rro"u,fr Wl" ' cl,'c,c, nn ,h ,bird Monday in Jtnuury.the ICth day of the month. OTj The Muncy I.iiinirinTy snnminres the im t Krtnnt fuct, that the loc 1 legistntute of that place j asemlied a short time since. We hope rror friends j there wul take (he currency mrrttei into band, and mend rtist, o fur as Lycoming cunty is concern ed. Don't let your modesty prevent you atiticiia. ting our Solon a st Hsrrisburg upon this subject. rXj' Wm. A. Toiler, T!q.,hns lieen appointed Sheriir in Philadelphia county. Mr. Poller, who is a son ol (he Gov., is a young man of excellent character. (J The Hon George McPulTis has 1een dec ted U. S. fVmtor in South Carolina, in pljre of lire Hon. Wm. C. Preon. Qj Mr. Calhoun has resigned his seat in tlie U. 8. (Senate, to t At Jaee on the 4(h of Match next. (J The Postmaster General in bis report, re commends ihe reduc'ion of postage on letters, and an aiirittgenient of the frank ng privilege. fjj The total amount of coj! shipped from the Schuylkill coal region this season, is 543 8:)0 tons. i Last veiir (he amount wns5So,J9S tons, llilicieu- cy (his year, 40.WG2 tons. Q3" Tbe New Orleans Tropic says, th -t in the lite ire.ity with Mexico, this district of California was ceded to tlie United Sate. (Jj At a large Johnson meeting, held at Tow andu. Pa., on the Clh int CoL Johnson was nomi nated for President, and Hon. Levi VnJIury for Vice Prcshh nt. The meriing pismd a resohrtion adopting the one term piinciple, a principle which e think should be uuivers.illy adopted by the democratic party. fj' The ''E.iston Scntinef has passed into the hands of Ja. A. Dunlsp, Esq. In his introducto ry article, a sensible and well mitten r docUon, he warinlv advocates a discriminating tsuJT. Cj A letter wriier from Wa-hington ssyt that Webb and MsrshsTl will mfl escspe punishment. Tire authorities of Delaware will make a demand fir tire persons ofbom these gentlemen, to be tried for the offence of fighting a duel m that state. This is perfectly tight. Let no pardon or (he cry of peroecution arrest the progress of the In in this case, and the barbarous and -cowardly practice of duelling will soon be banished from the land. The Jury in the case of Mihon J. Alexan der, who was tried fir the murder of Nosh Lougee, a broker in Philadelphia, brought in a verdict of voluntary manslaughter. Tbe Ledger says this verdict hss virtually abolished capital punUhment in Philadelphia. rjj Nicholas Biddlc has recently published a i m in' -er of letters on the finances of the stale. He proposes the icduction of the pny of members to f 1 I da, the supenst m of the sell kI fund, and le trenclnnent m many other mutters, amountiiig in all to f 520,000. Abliougb many think he ought to pay his own debts before be allempts to lecture others, yet that does not prevent him from making some very pood suggestions. We do not, howe ver, approve of suspending the school appropiia tioiii ; but we do think the state ought not to Ih1 hS.ldh-d with the expenses of military encampments, and o her aniUHcmenls of the kind, in such limes as these. His objections lo pensions and gratuities to old kliers, and aid to ch.wilab! institutions, come, however, with a bad grace from one, who, with one d ish of his pen, gave away f SO, 000 of the money of widows and orphans, to (be city of Charleston, and appropriated la himself a iuatiH from the 1 1 ute kouice, of equwl amount, in silver plate. Tlie editor of tha N. V. Tribune inc!in tj think that Hpencer is fast supercecVng WeUter in the auctions of the P'r.ideni. Jf ,h. half of what his whig f';nds say 0 him is true, he must be . pcif. ct ,,aiiil in disposition, iu relation to I (ijt. n,eage ,ha Tiihune says The Mcssasre. in the main, is fiirly writ ten, though we think it not difficult to draw the line between the smooth and specious ar guiaent of encf r, and the weak, conceited flounder ini? of Mr. Tyler himself. The Sec- retaTy of War is evidently Prime Minister lot all intents and purposes. (Xj Pr. Suuth, iu his lectures st New Yo'k, speaking ofihe different races of mankind, places ihe negro as tbe lowest in the scale i f intelligence. In regard to tho tenses however, he rcmaiks : "The senses vary in the opposite direction. They uto more developed in ihe Atrieen than in the ('aiiixn.iii race. The negroes' taste is iMtlur and tar im.re iinttorni alt negroes dis liking muti(ut tor instanee ; their smell is bet ter, und o of their ether sen.--." The rrrscnt Tariff. The Secretary of (lis Treasury, m bis report, an nounces the fact that the present tariff does not af fmd sufficient revenue to defray the expenses of the government A duty on tea, coffee, and other at. tides, will therefore be reoerarnended. This affords a pretty commentary on tho free trade doctrine, whose advocates denounce the present tariff as a high tariff, because it was made to afford inciden ts! protection lo our mnnufactureie and mechanics, Hie free trade odvecstes ask the imposition of qual or ad rafurem duties taxing lb poor man's coflee and tea as much as the rich man's wines and silks. Now, those in favi of a protective Tariff apk no higher duties than will be necessary for the ex penses of government, but they ask that these du ties be so adjusted, that our mechanics and manu facturers are saved from lire compeliiion of foreign pauper labor, while (hey are willing Ibat necessa ries, such as tea, coffee, Ac, things rtvil we cannot produce, should pay but a low duty, or come in en tirely free. We ask what democrst in Pennsylva- I nia would not approve this doctrine t (t is the I doctrine advocated by Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, , ,. , , , ., . .. . . . . . lien. Jackson and other distinguished democrats, t , . ti r , , A doctrine siiatained by rery tieeand tintrsmns U ! , , , , r i . , .i . led kuiihJ, Cupable A hiiJers4 jitjiug the subject. j Xj- The aii(;le. of ihe face 4"ae different races of ' inniAiiid.r.UeJ ibe farud u iJim. .il-.l ! by l)r. tmith : Caucasian race ia Asiatic A mrrk an Indian Ethiopian Ourang Outnng nr. 74 70 f.7 decrees. fhe dinK-mnons of the Cam ,s;,u. be.nl are : 87 cubic ilichcs Of the As:atic Hi The Monogolian and MuUy HI Tlie Ainer'csri Indian 80 And tbe Ethiopian. 73 JIISCEIUXY. Kttitvrlnl, Condensssl and Selected. The average annual amount of coinage in the world amounts ts f 78.818,000. Hume ssys.tlie only dUeovery f.sr whk-h we are indebted lo the Macks, is (he drnm. Mr. T. 8. Smith, Collector of Philadelphia, is to muiie way for the Hon. George M. Keim. Tlie New Orleans Courii r stales that the amount of specie in the vaults of ten of the UaiAs of that city onthettith u!t. was f3.H00,02?. Swiel potatoes are selling at CI cents per peck in Charleston. A TiHter was recently fl.igged in Connecticut, fur crowing on Sunday. Mr. McDuffte, it is tbought, will lie elec'ed U. S. Senator fr.su South t'arahna. There is a man in Buckinchun unty Va j who has a wife who weighs 373 pounds! Oh t Thunder. Ninety-four font of poultry wrre tnken to the Itoston Miiket from lib d 1-Uinl about thanks giving time. A man nunid Daniel Jmith, a native of Scot land, died in New Voik on Sundiy aged 103 years. The Fev. Theodr.re Parser siys, " wc are a grave and very solier people; we have no national amusement, except banking and the credit system. f-i'nVnjce roiiiar. As an evidence of Alexan der's irissnily, it is said be paid a man be was in debted to, whilst on board tha stramtroat, one hum died and revenly-five dollais. The New York Au rora now considers h is insanity unquestionable. The 8Mamship ColumUa, at Boston, brought $372 000 in specia ! Fflrsris in Aeto Jrrsty. Tlie Trenton G.irelte savs: Land commands at this time in this vicinity a fuir (Nice, notwithstsnding the limes. Farms have been sold lately a few miles from Trent m for sume whicli, judges say, are about equal lo their value. Mnwjitrnt Subserijitiott. Fifty thousand dol lars have tieen subscribed for the use of Amherst College. Mr. J hn Tappan of Hot ton gave 1000, and others very considerable suma. A Fire put out hy ixidii n. The house of James Kellogg, at Cleveland. Ohio, caught tire lately, and the flame were fuWlned by a riuiiiter of ladies, wlio exerted iheinselvea in throwing water upon them, while the men stood idly gating on. lit Pnirr jireparr fur War. Mr. R. L Stevens I spots ot blood upon (be bands, as well as (he fact is experimenting at Burlington or. the means of ol the handle of the instrument vibrating in con constructing and propelling floating batteries for j sequence of the spring being broken, I arrived at harbor defences. 7Tie Cineiiifurfi Oufragr lias undergone investi gation by an ecclesiastical tribunal. The ill treat ment of (he oki lady at the hands of tier children has l-ecn proven. A report is soon to lie published. A Urtnt Shut. A Cook, Iq., ol Williamsburg, L. I., while on a gunning excursion one day Lit week, shot an esgle us il wsa flying oer, with a single bull, at the enormous distance of 260 yards. Tere wers I68,05t lbs., or about 94 tons of tut'sics, chickens, &e. brought from Rhole Islsnd to Boston, on the Boston and Piovidence Railroad, about thanksgiving time. This poultry sold fur 12c;s. per pound, or 1 23,596,37. Ptxariia Pnsjiovitsio!!. The Indianapolis Sentinel of ihe 28lh uli. announces tho following occurrence which Paraon Miller may very poasibly consider (he 'beginning of the end' : We are informed by a gentleman who has re. cently visited tbe place, that a suhterrinran fire hss been mging in Putnam County for several weeks. It has extended under a space of some acres of ground, tbotit one and a half or two miles south of Manhattan ; snd the timber had eommenet j fail ing in ev.-ry & r, crion on the inl'eu, d district.' Where the earth has fallen in, il bus left openings throiitfb which smoke is-ue con-tant'y. Vatious ciusea for Ihe hennmsnon are given ; but (he most reasonahle seems (o be (lists vein of coal, with which he country abounds hss become ig nitrd from aom cause, pethips lightning. rtT MOflTKM KXAMtXATlOX Of J.0. t COIj'I'. Toiht Editort nftht N. V. Commtrcini AJvef liner. GsirTttMK -Having been ons of the wilnM es exsmlnnt before ihe coroner's inquest in the case of John C. Colt, 1 have frequently been appealed to, and by some of the most respectable of our lei low chitens, to inform them, if there was any doubt as ii his death ; and as rumors are In circulation throughout the country as well as ihe city, as to his actual demise, I feH myself called upon to fur nish such facts asc.itne within my own knowledge, which,! trust, will he quite safRcienl to bsniah all doubt uptMi (he subject. In tha first place I will state that I per onaly kirsw tha s ltd Jodn C. Colt, ami visited him in his cell in the city prison, upon three several occasions, and conversed wiih him, alone, for half an hour at a liiaa, both before and afti r he was sentenced. In one of these conversations, ha told mr that he never w.mld be hanged, from which t inferred thst sooner than submit lo the ignominy of tho gil. tnwra h 111! n.l.wl iC nmil,!. . ,11. l. Ulm . ,'..' hsnd. iJemg invited by the Sh.vitr to lie present ... at the execution, I visited tbe iirison early on the ' J niornmg of the ISth, when I learned that the ' hour bad been nntporid untd 4 o'cl nk, P. M. 'v'" pfofr'"10"'1' engagements, I Ifft tbe prison a"J returned at half past one, I wss then in- luced by circumstances to remain within the hall 1 l'r'snni where my rosition afforded me the opportunity of seeing every person wh i might ei ther go in orc-ne oat ef thecdl where Colt was coiifineih I l"1 ,wo 4"" 11 ,n"ra 10 I .1 1 : Jt . . : ! i . ,.. , sin-nn nisi inn prisoner migm possiniy uisips point him, be diree'ed the deputy sheriff to enter his cell and see if all was right. The order was immediately oln-yed, and on returning he reported that he stvw nothing to awaken th least suspicion. Tlie prisoner was walkiug up and down his cell, and wss perfectly calm and collected. Tbe doot was not agfiin opened until about ten minutes be. fore 4 o'clock, when the Kcv. Dr. Ambon entered, followed by the Sheiiff. Ottsrrvirig the reverend genilomsn to return almost immediately from the cell, apparently quite overcome. I immediately conjectured that an important event had takea plncr. I ran up the stai' and entered the cell, when I beheld -tohn C. Colt, prevrou'ly known to me, upon his bed, lying at full length upon his ba.-k. He w as dressed as he had !ecn during the day, iu his dressing gown, pmhtloi, ftc, bul wss perfectly lifeless. He had destroyed himself with a danger which he hud himself thrust into his hear. His head was inclined lo the Lift side, with the mouth open ; his countenance was natural but very pa'id ; the left arm touched the lied at the eU j bow, wiih the hand reposing on the body. The J n'-nt "nt lay on the b. d, with the hind resting on the body a little a'-ove the right hip; his legs were extended. So (HTfcctly easy wss his attitude, and so calm his expression of countenance, that at the first glance one might readily imngine be had for gotten the awful f te awa ting bim ; and had fallen into a sweet s'rep; I at the stain of blood upw the hands, and the h mdlo of the fatal dagger p njectin; from his bieist, too jifaialy told ih it it was the sleep of death. After feeling for the poise at the wrist and find ing none, I look hold of the haa lie of the instru ment, which had entered the brea between the fnuith ami fif h fibs, and found that it was fastened to a frrm substance which conld be nothing but the heart itself. I did not distnib ii, as lliejuy was so soon to be convened lo make such examinati n as the case required. That the act had been one of calm dclilieration may he inferred from the fact that he had, with some sharp instrument, removed a circular portion, about two inches in diameter, of his waiscoat and under garments, leaving the breast immediately beneath perfectly exposed. Not mire linn stable sp lOiifal of blood had escaped ex lernslly, as ihe daager occupied the entire wound, having penetrated lo (he widest part of (he blade, which was between fiur and five inches in length ; both bands were marked with several spots of blood sprinkled upon them, as if from (he first jet of a small artery (probably the intercostal) the small est spots were quite dry, tho larg-r were dry at the margin only ; (lie hands and bikly were wjnn, but not as warm as ia life. Taking into cons deration the circumstances of ihe reduced warmth of the body, of the dried the follow ing couc'usioua : First, that the deed tnu-t luve been co omitted at three o'clock, or un mediately after. Secondly, that the instrument was thrust in cr pushed by both hinds, and not by a slab. I am sustained in the belief that both han'ls wrr ns. J, by (he fac( that no spots of bio, id Were disco'-eiable upon the dress in the direction in mhich the hands were found ; besides, the vi briting hsndle of lb instrument would require both h inds to steady it and direct it according te the in tention of the individual. As no other farts could l observed, all farther investigation was deferreu by lire coroner, who, causing all to retire, locked the body up in the cell until a jury eould be con vened, which was done at 7 o'clock that evening, when Doctor McComb, (bysician to the city prison and myself, made a post-mortem examination ia the hsli ofthe prison, and in the presence of Urs. Wilkes, Rogers, Vsche, and othets, and at leist a hundred citizens, We laid open the raviiies of the chest and abdomen, and removed the heart wiih the dak'g.r. j It had entered the cavity of the chet on the left i ''..le as bef re stated, between the fourth and fifili ribs, and penetrated the hratt in the centre, trans fixing tbe It ft ventricle. The heart was firmly con tracted upon the instrument, and probably never again dilated after il had been pierced, when death must hsve immediately followed. The pericardium or rnvelopeinent of the hrart was filled with clotted blood, perhaps to (he amount ef a pint snd a half, which must have escaped by ihe aids of ths blade.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers