UL : i! '75 ifi Hi ?! Wii IJL I. BY S. J. BOW. CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER 15, 1869. VOL. 16.-K0. 16. 4 Si illllil H i i h :k 9 . ee iNi is m: es m :m iw a iT It? Wflwff FIRST ANNUAL MESSAGE OF Delivered lieosiaber 6ih, lot9. 71 Ce S' ikni "f llrpmentnttvet : In i-f'iiiing before you for the first time as Chief .Magistrate ol this great nation, it is wiih gratitude to the Giver of nil (Jood tor the many benefits we enjoy. We are bless ed with peace at home, ami arc without en Unjiiiiig aiiiances abroad to forbode trouble ; vwih a territory unsurpassed in fertility, of mi area equal to the abundant support of ;Ut,UOO,iXH of peoplcand abounding in ev ery variety of useful minerals, in quantity mlficietit to supply the world for generations; with esnberant crops ; with a variety of cli iiute, a iapud to the production of every r; .ecu s A earth's riches, and suited to the it.-', tastes, and requirements of every w:.g thing; with a population of 40,OUO,- 0 ...! free eople.all sjeakiiii; one language ; niiii i'.iuiiitiei, lor every mortal to acquire an 1 du.-ation ; with institutions e!oing to none ibi- uvi uues to f line or an yblesing .f for tujethat may he coveted ; with freedom of lee pulpit, the press, aud (lie scho'd ; with a revenue flowing into the National Treasu iy t-evntid the requirements of the Govern ment, happily, harmony is being rapidly re Mortd within our borlers. Manufactures hitherto unLrowii in our country are spring it.g tij in all directions, producing s decree e! Xuti'iuai independence Utiequakd by that i. a.iy other power. These blessings, and t. others, are intrusted to your care mid mine for safe tecping, lor tUe brief pe-li-.d '.i 'jjr teuureof olE.v. In a short time we inu-t t-aeh ot us Murn to the tanks of the pcuple who have conferred upon u.- our honors, and aee 'lint to them for our hie-ani-hip. 1 eani'-stly desire that neither you nor i may be condemned iy a free and en lightened constituency, nor by our cotiscien ccs. H ITK iSl'KOTi VE TH E CASE OF CECRUIA. ! 'merging from a rebeliioti of gigantic Magnitude, aided as it Was by the .sympathy i a-, istunce of nations with which we were nt peace, eleven States of the l.'niuu were four y arn po left without legal S-ta'.e t i.ivi i iiUients; a caticiiai debt t ad been cun traeted, Auieriea;; comuit-rce was almost driven from the .e; s ; the industry it or.e 1. ill'i.'t lie; c iuniry had been taken trom the r'ii.r 1 of the capitalist and placed here all l.tcr richtluiiy belongs, in the keeping of the laborer. The work of restoiin State ( iirt:rnint:riis kyal to the Union, of pr:teet iit: and fostering free labor ami providing means f.r payiti the interest on the public tietit, Las received ample attention from ('uititress, although your efforts have not met wall the success in nl particulars that inif ht have I ' n desiied ; yet, on the whole, they l.uve been more successful than could have ,r n reuMiiia!!.y anticipated, tk'ven States whtcli passed ordinances of secession have 1 i) fully icstored to their places in the LI r:i. n : the eighth (lleoririaj held an election at nhich she latiGed her (,'oii.-li:ution, re 1 i:h:icau in form, elected a Governor, meiu-t-ers ol C'oncress, a State Legislature, and a!! other oftie rs required. The Governor v.-duly insa!!t ! and the Leei-ia; ure met i:i it r formed a'i :Sie acts then required of tin e! !.y the lit cutis: rucf.fi?: ae suf Coouiess. S ttily, h.owcver, in violathiti or the i eitruiien uhich they liad jtir't ratiticd.as y.i .cu lieeidfrd l y the iMii-ii tiie 'curt ol the Ne. they uiiseated the Colored meinbeis of t! u h' cisbt'ire and adtlii:ted to i-eats some Mt'i r who are disj.ialiied by the third c .:ui.f i- t!.e Foiiiteenth Amen Jiiient to the I eititution an article which they them-K-'ve- hail ci nr.ihutcd to raiify. Under th- e ci.i iiui-:si. ees I would submit to you vtiftherit wiulil not be wise, without delax-, tn ena't ?. la v aathwiizin the (Jovernor of leetpia to ti i vi ne the members oriittally ill-t-d to ti c .f f;i.-!a'ute, riquirintr eacli iiiiiii'ier to Hike the oath prescribed ly the II .Mtistt uetien acts, atid none to he admit ted r-!.i are i!i-Iici!dc under the I Iiiid clause f :'.:e Fiitiitf '-iith An:en Intent. 'ii-ii'v lm n. under the proteeti iii which tL'-v hive received, are making rapid pro (. irt Icarninsr. and no co.uphiints are 1: ard of lack of industry on tin ir part when te.oy roci ivod fair remuneration hr their .i;er. 1 lie means provided lor pavine the i:itt'i?-t on the public debt with all other t-xt-1-r.M.-s oi the Govcrt.Uieat are mote than t:ii!,;e. Xh- loss of our commgee is the c;iiy r-sisit f the late rrheliion which has n ' r e, ive i sufiieicnt att ntim ficni you. Tu tbs subject i call your earnest attention. not ii.jw suiiitest plans by which this P'jeci tnsy be effected, but wiil. if necessary, iake it the subject f a special uiesage tiLMip the sfi-.-itin of Congress. VtRUlNIA, MlSSIShiri'I ANDTtXAS. At the M-n-h term, Corij;rp.s, by joint r ..ncin.it.. :,!:;l ,.riz.--d the Exf-entire to rr ere .-', : r, the Spates of V irginia, .M :s a..i I t xas, to submit to them the ' i.-ti'-u-i lis which each had previously in ' "iiv.'iit.i -i sVatiied, eiihrr entire or in sera fte ; arv. ti , voted upon at the tii-cro I ; -i tt.e t., cunvc. L ndi r this author :'' tii i w.'ie cailed. In Virjriuia the "."'!,! jo.4 j,lac on the C;!i of J uiy. 1 Sfi'.i; 'he -.,. reo;- iin J Lici;:cr,ant- i 'verr.or have t-;'.n it'ita ie,! ; the I.t -ci-iafure met, and did ; r ' j or. by lids rc.rSui:..Mi and Ly ad the !.;. ,.( ('oi; press, and ah . :r tn ail dmihifiil authority. I ree ' ''!: t iitai hi r Si miters and lleprot nta . " -t', t! 'be tate be fully restoreil to ;:" :a;-e :t; I'aii.i'v of States. Kiiefious " ''' M:si..s:pi-i end Tesa.to coui 1 -t. th- .: '-It of Novcinber, and 1 !-! two i!a in disisi-ni en 1 totfr ilvvrt 11 l. vw Tt.e elections have taken place, j ' the r-s:i't is not known. It is to be i ' 1--1 Hat the acts ( the le gislatures ofj 'n -s. when they meet, will be such t-! t i n-. ;ve your approval, and thus close ' '- w.ck of ncon.-t ruction. TI!K n r.RFNcY THE NATIONAL PT.BT. A'lt'.itii the evils growing out of the Re ! --i'lon, and not yet referred to, is that of an pi'Set p.i J,le currency. It an evil which . '"'i-e wiii rc.cive y-cii most earnest atten "a: 1. s a ilety, "and one of the highest airier of Government, to secure to the citi- ns tn.o.ii,,,,, oresi hange of fixed nnvsry J:,va,u. TtiM intolie a return to a specie , ;-ilvi. m. I, If n. lie 111' !' I! - it should he c.itrir.ieiiccd now, and reached j - 'iieeariii st practicable moment consistent 'jn a fair regard to the interests of the a-etor class. Immediate resumption, it rracticablc, would not be desirable. It " 1 compel the debtor class to pay beyond "eir contracts the premium on pold at the re of their purchase, and would bring nkruptey and ruin to thousands. Fiuc ation, however, on the paper value of the neasure of all values, p.d.h is detrimental tne interests of trade. It makes the pan of business an involuntary gambler, for n ail sales where future payment is to he both parties speculate as to what will j the value of the currency to be paid and eived. I earnestly recommend lo you, an, such legislation as will insure a crad ' return to speeia payments, and put an immediate stop to fluctuation in the value of currency. The methods to secure the former of these are as numerous as are the speculations on political economy. To secure the latter i .ee but one way, and that is to authorize the Treasury to redeem its own paper, at a fised price, whenever presented, and to withhold from circulation ail currency so reduced un sold again for gold. The vast resources of the nation, both de veloped and undeveloped, ought to make our credit the best on earth, with a less burden of taxation than the citizen has endured for six years past. The entire public debt could be paid in ten years, hut it is not desirable that the people should be taxed to jiay it in that time, i'ear by year t he ability to pay it increases in a rapid ratio. "But the bur den of interest ought to be reduced as rap idly as can be done without the violation of contract. The public debt is represented, in great part, by bonds having fiotn five to twenty, and from ten to forty years to run, teirio interest at the rate of six per cent, an I five tercjut. respectively. It is option al with the Government to pay these tends at any period alter the expiration tf the lat time mentioned upon their face. The lime has already expiied when a great part of them may be taken up and is rapidly ap proaching when all may be. It is believed that all which are now due m:.y be replaced bv bonds hearing a rate of interest not ex ceeding four and one half per cent, and as rapidly as the remainder becomes d i that they may be renlacod in the same way. To accomplish this it may be necessary to au thorize the interest to Lc paid :t cither of tiie ihee or four money centers of Europe, or by any Assistant Treasurer of the United States at lhe. option of the holder of the bond. I Ptigge.-t t! is subject for the consid eration of Congress, and also j;im'i!taneousiy with this the propriety ot reikf-.ming our currency as before sutge.-ti d at .its maikct value at the time the law goes into effect, ir.crea.dng the rate at which currency wiil be bought and sold from day today, or week lo week, at the same rate id' interest as Gov ernment pays upon its boudi. THE TAMFF I.MKKNAI. rt EVENT'S. The subject of tariff and interna! taxation wiii nccejsaiily receive your attention. Tim revenues of the country ate greater than the requirements, and may with safety be re duced ; but as the tund-n of the debt in a 4 or a 41 per cent loan would reduce the an iiual current expenses largely, ihu:i. after fuiiulng, justifying a greau-r rctluction Oi taxation than would be now Cipcdii nt, I suggest the postponement ol this question until the next meeting of Congress, jt may be aJ isubie to modify taxation a:id tariff hi i-i.-itance-i where unjust and burdensome dis criminations are u.ade by the present laws regulating the sulject. I recommend the postponement of it for the prer-ent. I also sugm'.-t the renewal of the tax on income, Lai a reduced rate, say of three per cent., and this tax to expire in thiee years. With the funding ot the .National debt as here suggested, I feel safe in savin? that taxes and the revenue from imports may be reduced safely from sixty to eighty miliiot s per annum at once, and may be .-till fuither reduced fiom year to yiar.as the re sources el the ce'i'itrj' ate developed. Ti:e report of the Sc. retaty ot the Treasury ein.ivi t !n: receipts of the Government for the li-cal year eliding June i'). IS'iO, n be $370,04:1. 447. aud the expenditures, inclit ding interest, bounties, &., was i:.;21,4.0, o'J7. The estimates for the ensumg jer are more favoraoie to the Govei time'it. :"id wi1 no doubt show a much larger decrease ot tha public detjt. The loeeipts of the Treasury beyond ex pend 'cures have exceeded the amount, nee-ess-.ry to place to the credit of the Sinking I'iiti j as provided by law. To lock up tin surplus in the Treasury and withhold it from ciiculation, would !eid to such a contraction of cuirency as to cripple untie md seriously all'ect the prosperity ot the country. tidcr these circ juisiauccs, the Secret-ry of the Treasury and myself concurred in tl e pro priety of u-ing all the sui plus enneney in 111-: Treasury in the puie't,:.-c of Government honds, thus reducing the .interest bcariui: lieht ot the country, and of su'omittinj; to L'ongicts the question of the disposition to be made of the bonus so purchased. The bonds now held by the Tieasury amount to about S'7o,Oil'.);!H'0 including ihoee belonging to the Sinking Fund. I recommend that the whoie be placed to the credit of the Sinking Fund. Your attention is respectfully invited to the recouinici.duti.ons of the Secictary of tiie Treasury for the creation of the oilice of Commissioner ot Customs llevenue, for the increase of salary to certain classes of official.--, md the substitution of increased national t ank circulation to replace the outstanding three percent, certificates, and most espe chili to his recommendation for the repeal of laws allowing shares of fine, penalties, forfeit-dies, itc'i.j officers of the Govern1 ntctit or to iiii'ormers. The oliiee of Cotmr.i'sioRcr of Internal Revenue is one ot the most arduous and re sponsib!" under the Government. It falls but little, if any. short of n Cabinet posi tion in its itnpoitanee and responsibilities, i would ask for it. therefore, Mich legislation as in your judgment wiii place the cilice on a tooting ot dignity commensurate w.th its importance, and with a cluiiacter and quali fications of the class of men requisite to fiil it pro; trly. TTTF. CASE Or CUBA. As the United States is the Sr-f of all ra tions, so, too, the people sympathise with all peoples stinggiing for liberty and seif governiiient. Rut while fo sympathising, it is due to iur honor that wc should so ab stain from enforcing our v'nws upon unwil ling nations and from taking an interested 1. 4f... .,.,-..,.... In thi .innrrols! pan. iititozi (futon - ..... between difleient nations, or between gov ernments aud their subjects, our course should always be in conformity with strict justice and law, international and local. Such has been the policy of the administration in (haling with these questions. Fr more than a year a valuable province of Spain, and a near neighbor of ours.in whom all our people cannot but feel a deep interest, has been struggling for independence and free dom. The people and Government of the United States entertain the same warm feel ings and sympathies for the people of Cuba io their Cujing struggles between Spain and her former colonies in behaif of the latter, liut the contest has at no time as sumed the conditions which amount to a war in the sense of international law, or which would show the existence of a tin fucto political organization of the insurgents sutDcient to ju-tify a recognition of beliger ency. The principle is maintained, however, that this nation is its own judge when to accord the rights of belligerency either to a people struggling to free themselves from a government they believe to be oppressive, or to independent nations at war with each other. The United States have uo disposi tion to interfere wiih the existing reh-ions of Spain to her Colonial possessions on this Coutinei.t. They believe that in due time Spaiu and other European powers will find j their interest in terminating those relations, J i; 1 :. . .1 : j. i. : r.iea csiuLiKiiiitig luen piesuui uepeimecies as iudependent powers members of the fami ly ol nations. The dependencies a-e no lon ger regarded as subjects to tratiffcr from one iiniopean power to another. When the present relation of Colonics ceases, they are to become independent powers, exer:i.-ing the right of choice and ot sel; courroi. In the determination of their future condition and relations with other Fowers, the United States, in order to put a stop to bloodshed iu Cuba, aud in the interest of a neighbor ing people, proposed their good oitic.es to bring the contest to a lei initiation. The offer not being accepted by Spain on a batds which we believed could be received by Cu ba, was withdrawn. It is hoped that the go ul cilices of the United States may yet. prove advantageous for the settlement of this unhappy stiii'e. Meanwhile a number of illegal expeditions against Cubs have been broken up. It has been the endeavor oi the Administration to execute the neu trality htvrs in good faith, no matter how uuplcasnr.1 the task, made so by the suffer ing we have endured from lack of hke good faith towards us b. other nations. On the liGihof M irch Irtst the United States schooner Lizzie Major was arrested on the hich seas by a Spani-.li frigate, and two pa.sei-gci-3 Tteiu taken from it and car ried as prisoner- to Cuba, iiepresentations of these facts were made to the Spanish Government as ,-oon as sufficient informa tion ot them reached Washington. The two passengers were set at liberty and the Spuni-h Government assured the United States that the captain of the frigate, in making the capture, had acted without law; that he hail been reprimanded for the irreg u arity of his conduct, and that the Spanish authorities in Cuba would not sanction any act that eou'.d vio ate the rights or treat wi'.h diMespeet the sovereignly of this na tion. The question of the siezure of the brig Mary Loivtli at one of the Bahama Islands by Spanish authorities is now thesubjict of corn1.-pondctice Ix'tween the Government and those of Spain an i Great Ii itt-din. The Captain-General rd Cuba, about May last. issued a proclamation au:lioriziti search to be made of vessels on the high seas. Im mediate remonstrance was made against this, whereupon ibc Captain-Genera! issued a new proc!am::tio!i lin.itii.gtheright of search to vessel--of the United States, so faras au thorized bv the treaty of 17J.. This proc lamation, however, was immediately wi'h drawn. I have always felt that tiie most in timate relations should be cultivated bet wool the Republic of the United States atid.il! independent nations tin this continent. It may he well worth considering whether new treaties between the Uuited States and them may rot he profitably entered into to secure more intimate relations, Irietidiy, commer cial, a:ii othenvhe. TIIE D VRIAS CAWL. j The suhi et ot the interoccatiic canal to connect the Atlantic: and Pacific-oceans thro' the 1 thnius oi Uariaii is one in which Com merce is greatly interested. Instruct inns have been given to -nr Minister to the Ue pu'dia of the United States of Colombia to endeavor to obtain authority for a survey by the Government in order to determine the practicability of su. h an undertaking, and a charter for the right of way to build l y private enterprise such a work if the sur vey proves to lie practicable. In order to comply with the rt;rre':nierif. of the United Strut. as to a mixed commission at Lima fcr the adjustment f f claims, it be came in ce-:ir.v to send a Commissioner and a Secretary to Lima in August last. No ap propriation having been made by Congress for this purpose, it is now asked that one be made covering the ast- and future expenses oi the Commission. The good oiiices of the United States to b"ing a! out a peace between Spain and the S,-uth Am-'iicr.o Republics, with which she is 1,1. war. having been accepted by Spain, Pern, and ChUi, a Congre;s has beer, invit ed to be held iu Washington duiing the present winter. A grant ha been given to Europeans of an exclusive right of trnns.it over the terri tory of Nicaragua, to which Costa Kic-a has civen i's assent, which, it. is alleged, con I'icts with vesti-d rights of citizens of the United Slates. The .Vrarttut nt or State has now this subject i:n if r consideration. P!:;tU AND TilV. SPANISH CI.'.NBOATS. The Minister of Fern having tn; ue repre sentations that thcie was a state of war be tween 1'eru and Spain, and that Spain was constructing in and near New York oO gnn bt'Uts, which might be used by Spaii in such a way as to relieve the navr.l forces at Cuba so ss to operate against. Peru, orders? were given to prevent thr departure. No further steps having been taken by the rep resentative of the Peruvian Government to prevent the departure of these vessels, and I not feeling authorized to detain the prop erty of a nation with which we are at peace, on a mere Executive order, the matter has been leferred to ihe Courts to decide. The conduct of to- war between fn Al lies and the P.epul jf Paraguay has nude the intercourse rvitli that country so difficult that it has been decided advisable to with draw our representative from there. TIIE ALABAMA CLAIMS. Toward the close of the last Administra tion a r onvetition vrt'.s signed at London for the settlement of all outstanding claims be tween Great Britain and the United States, which failed to receive the adyice and con sent of the Senate to its ratification. Tiie time and the circumstances attending the negotiation of that treaty were favorable lo its acceptance by the people oi the United States, "nut its provisions wore wholly inade quate for the settlement of the grave wrongs that had been sustained by this Government as well as by its citizen-'. The injuries resnlrintr to the United States by reason of the course adopted by Great Britain durirp our l?.te civil war in the increased rates of insurance, in the di minution of exports and imports, and other obstructions to domestic industry and pro duction, in its effect ?pon the foreign com metre of the country, in the dcciease and transfer to Great Rrittain of our commercial marine, in the prolongation of the war and the increased cost, both in treasure and in the lives of its suppression, could not be adjusted and satisfied as ordinary commer cial claims which continually arise between commercial nations; and yet the convention treated them simply as such ordinary claims from which they differ more widely in the gravity of their character ihan in the mag nitude of their amount. Great even as is that difference not a word was found in the treaty and not an inference could be drawn from it to remove the sense of the unfriend liness of the course of Great Britain iu our struggle for existence which bad so deeply and universally impressed itself upon the people of this country. Believing that a convention thus misconceived in its scope and inadequate iu its provisions would not have produi ed the hearty.cordial s-ettle"ment of the pending questions which alone is con sistent with the relation which I desire to have established between the United States and Great Bri'ain, I regarded the action of the Senate in rejecting the treaty to have been wisely taken in the interest of peace, and as a necessary step in the direction of a pel feet and cordial friendship between the two countries. A scutitive people, conscious of their power", are more at ease under a great wrong wholly unatotied than under the restraint of a settlement which satisfies neither their id. as of justice nor their grave st use of the grievance they have sustained. The rejection of the treaty was followed by a state of public feelim; on both sides which I thought not favorable to an immediate at tempt at renewed negotiation I accord ingly so instructed the Minister of the U-ti'-ted States to Great Britain, and found that n.y views in this regard were shared by Her Majesty's Minister. I hope that the time may soon arrive when the two Govern ments Can approach the solution of this mo mentous question with an appreciation of what is due to the rights, dignity, and hon or of each, and v.iih tho determination not only to remove the causes of complaint in the past, b"t to lay the foundation of a broad principle of public law which will pre vent future differences and tend to firm and continued peace and friendship. This is now the only grave question which the United States has with any foreign nation. THE RftCirr.O' lTY TREATY WITH CANADA. The question of renewing a treaty for recip rocal trade between the United States and the British Provinces on this continent has not been favorably considered by the Admin istration. The advantages of such a treaty would be wholly in favor of the British pro ducer, except possibly a few engaged in (hiJ trade between the two sections. No citizens of the United Stales would be benefited by reciprocity. Our internal taxation would prove a protection to the British producer almost equal to the protection which our manufacturers receive frorn the tariff. Some arrangements, however, for the regulation ot commercial intercourse between the Uni ted States and the Bominion of Canada may be desirable. The Commission fbr adjusting the c'aims of the '"Iludson Bay and Pnget Sound Ag ricultural Company"' upon the United States, hes terminated its labors. The award of $f,ri!).iiK) has been made, and all ihe lights and tides of the Company on the teriitoryof the United Slates are extinguish ed. I'eeds for the property of the Com pany have been delivered ; an appropriation by Congress to meet this sum is asked. The Commissioners for determining the North-Western land boundary between the United States and the British Possessions under the treaty of 1S50, have completed their lahci j, aud the Commission has been dissolved. In conformity with the recommendation of Congress, a proposition was early made to the Brili.-h Governnic-nt t i abolish the mixed courts created under the treaty of April 7, 1 Still, for the suppression of the slave trade. The subject is still under ne golialiuii. TF.I.EGRArn CABLES. It having come to my knowledge that a corpoi ate company, organized under Britieh laws, proposed to iand upon the shores of the United States, and to operate there a submarine cable, under a concession from 1 1 i sj Majesty the Emperor of the French, of an exclusive right tor twenty years of tele iti aphicconitnuni :.vi ;n between the shotesol France and the United States, with the very objectionable feature of subjecting all mes sages conveyed thereby to the scrutiny and control of the French Government. I caused the French and Britith Legations at Washington to he made acquainted with the probable policy of Congress on the subject, its foi-eihadoivcd ly the bill which passed the Sctotte in Mutch list. This drew from the representatives of the company an agreement to accept as the bais of their operations the provi-dous of that bill, or ot such other enactment on the su'ject a? might be passed during the approaching! session of Congress. Also to use their in fluence to secMiC fiom the Fieuch Govern ment a modification of their concession, so as to permit the landing of any esbie be longing to any company incorporated by the authority of the United Statis, or of any State of the Unbn; ari l, on their part, not to oppose the establishment of any such ca ble. In consid -ration of this sgreemcnt I directed the withdrawal of all opposition by the United States authorities to the landing of the cable, and to the Working of it, until the meeting of Congress. I regret to say that there lias been no modification made ir. the Company's concession ; nor, so far as I can learn, have they attempted to secure one. Their concession f-xtduilea the capital and the citizens of the United States from competition on the shores of France. I rc-comm-nd legislation to protect the rix. hts of the citizens of the United States, as 'iveil as the dignity and sovereignty of the nation against such an assumption. I shall slso endeavor to secure, by negotiation, an pban douinenc of the principle of monopolies in ocea.i telegraph cables. Copies of this cor respondence are herewith furnished. The unsettled political cond tion of other countries, less fortunate than our own. some times induces their citizens to ceme to the United states for the sole purpose of being naturalized. Having secured this, they re turn to their native country and residethere without disclosing this change of allegiance. They accept official positions of trust or honor which can only be held ty citizens of their nalive land. They journey under papoi ts describing them as such citizens, and it is only when civil discord, after years perhaps of quiet, threatens their persons or their property, or when their native State drafts into its mili tary service, that the fact of their change of allegiance is made known. Ti.ey reside per manently away from the United States; they contribute nothing to its revenues: they avoid the duties ot its citizenship, and they only make themselves known by a claim of protection. The citizen of the United States, whether native cr adopted, is enti tled to its complete protection. While I have a voice in the direction of affairs, I shall not consent to imperil the sacred right by conferring it upon fictitious or fraudulent claimants. I'TtOTKOTION OF EMIGRANT PASSENGERS. On the accession of the present Adminis tration it was foand that the Minister for North Germany had made propositions for the negotiation of a convention for the pro tection of emigrant passengers, to which no response had been given. It wa concluded that to be effectual all th1? maratirne powers engaged in the trade should join in such a measure. Invitations have been extended to the Cabinets of London, Paris, Florence, Berlin, Brussels, The Hague, Copenhagen, and Stockholm, toempower their represen tatives at Washington to simultaneously en ter into negotiations and to conclude with the United States conventions, identical in form, making uniform regulations as to the construction of the parts of vessels to be devoted to the use of emigrant passengers ; as to the quality and quantity of food ; as to the medical treatment of the sick, and as to the rules to be observed during the voyage, in order to secure ventilation to promote health, to prevent intiuaion and to protect the females.and providing t.r the establish ment of tribunals in the several countries for enforcing such icgulations by summary pro cess. Your attention is respectfully called to the law regulating the tariff on Russian hemp, and to the question whether to fix the charges on Russian hemp higher than they are fixed upon tuiuila is not a violation of our treaty wi: n Bus ia, placing br-r pro ducts upon the ssnie footing with those ot the uiost favored nations. Our manufactures are increasing with wonderful rapidity under the encourage ment which they now receive with the im provements in machinery already effected, and still increasing, causing machinery to take the place of skilled labor. To a large extent our imports may fall off largely with in a very few years. Fortunately, too, man ufactures are not confined to a few 1 cilitica as formerly, and it is to be hoped will be come more diffused, making the interest in them equal in all sections. They give em ployment to hundreds of thousands of peo ple at home, and retain with us the means which otherwise would be shipped abroad. The extension of railroads in Europe and the East is btincing into competition with our agricultural products like productsof other countries. Self interest, if not self preser vation, therefore, dictates caution against disturbing any industral lii?rest of th country. It .teaches us also the- necessity of looking to other Markets for the Sale of our surplus. Our neighbors south of u,and China and Japan, should receive our special attention. It will be the endeavor of the administration to cultivate such relations with these nations as to entitle us to their conadence.antl make it their interest, as well as our,, to establish better commercial relations. OVH RELATIONS WITH CniNA. Through the agency of a more enlighten ed policy than that heretofore pursued to ward Chinn, largely duo to 'he sagacity and efforts of one of our own distinguished citi zens, the world is about to commence large ly increased relations with that populous and heretofore exclusive nation. As the United States have teen the initiators in this new poli"?, so they should le the most earnest in showing their good faith in mak ing it a success. In this connection I ad vise such legislation as will forever preclude the enslavement ot the Chinese upon our Boil, under the name of Coolies, and also prevent American vessels from engaging in the transportation of Coolies to any country tolerating the system. I :ho recommend that the mission to China Lc raised to one of the first class. N now peace and mosritMrr are to bk srccoe. Upon my assuming the responsibilities of Chief Magistrate of the United Slates, it was with the conviction that three things were essential to its peace, prosperity, and fullest devc-Iopcn ent. First among these is strict integrity in fulfilling all our obliga tions. Second, To secure protection to the persons and property of the citizens of the United States in each and every portion of our common country, wherever he may choose to move, without reference to origi ginal nationality, religion, color, or politics, demanding from hiai only obedience to the laws, and proper respect for the rights of othets. Tniril, Union of ail the States, with equal rights, indestructible by any constitu tional means. To secure the first of these, Congress has taken two essential steps First: In declaring by joint resolution that the public debt should be paid, principal and interest, in coin ; ami Second: By provi ding the means for paying, providing the means, however, could not secure the ob ject desired without a proper administration of the laws for the collection of the revenues, and an economicacal disbursement of them. To this subject the Administration has most earnestly addressed it-eii", with results, I hope, satisfactory to the country. There has been no hesitation in changing officials in order to secure an efilcient execution of the laws, sometimes, too, where, in a mere party view, undesirable political results were likely to follow, nor any hesitation in sus taining efficient officials against remonstran ces wholly political. It may be well to men tion here the embarrassment possible to arise from leaving on the statute books the then so called "Tenure-of Office Act," and do earnestly recommend its total repeal. It could not have been the intention of the tranters of the constitution, when providing that appointments made by the President should r-ceive the consent of the Senate, that the latter should have power to retain in ofliee persons placed there by federal ap pointments against the will of tLs Presi dent. The law is consistent with a faithful and efficient administration of the Govern ment. What faith can an Executive put in officials forced upon him, in those, too, whom he has suspended for reason? IIow wiil such olacials be likely to terve an ad ministration which they know does not trust thera? For the second requisite to our growth and prosperity, time, arid a firm but humane administration of existing laws, amended from time to time as they may prove inef fective or prove harsh and unnecessary, are probably ail the more required. The third cannot be obtained by special legislation, but must be regarded as fixed by the Constitution itself, and gradually ac quiesced in by force of pubiie opiuiou. TUE INDIAN QUESTION. From the foundation of the Government to the present the management of the orig inal inhabitants of this continent the In dianshas been a subject of embarrassment and expense, and has been attended with continuous robberies, murders, and wars. From my own experience upon the frontiers and in Indian" countries, I do not hold eith er the legislation or the conduct of the whites who come most in contact with the Indian, blameless for these hostilities. The past, however, cannot be undone, and the ques tion must be met as we now find it. I have attempted a new policy toward these wards of the nation (they cannot be regarded in any other light than as wards) with fair re sults, so far as tried, and which, I hope, will be attended ultimately with great suc cess. The Society of Friends is well known as having succeeded in living in peace with the Indians in the early settlement of Penn sylvania, while their white neighbors of ether sects in other section were constantly embroiled. They are also known for their t Pi n T)0i t ion tn fill cfrif v,-.lAr,f,A n n- .1 i i -- .-- i . -, i.-ivuLi., VI nai ,riik are generally noted for their integrity and fair dealings. These considerations induced me to give the management ot a few reser vations of Indians to them, and to throw the burden ot the selection of agent) upon the Society itself". The result has proved most satisfactory. It will be found more fully set forth in the report of the Commis sioner of Indian Affairs. For Superintend ents aud Indian Agents not on the reserva tions, officers of the army were selected. The leasons for this were numerous. When ludian Agents are sent there, or near there, troops must be soot also. The agent aud the commander of the troops are independ ent of each other, and are subject to orders from different departments of the Govern ment. The army offieer holds a position for life; the agent one at the will ot the President. The former is personally inter ested in living io harmony with the Indian, and in the establishment of a permanent peace, to the end that some portion of his lite may be spent within the limits of civil ized society. The latter has no such per bonal interest. Anot her reason is an econ omic one ; and still another, the hold which the Government lias upou a life officer to seeure a faithful discharge of duties in car rying out a given policy. The building of raifroads and the access thereny given to ad the agriculural and mineral regions of the country is rapidly bringing civilized settle meuts into contact with all the tribes of In dians. No matter what ought to be the relations between such settlements and the aborigines, the fact is they do not harmon ize well, and one or the other has to give way in the end. A system which looks to the extinction of race is too horrible for a nation to adopt without entailing upon itself the wrath of all Chiistendom and engender ing in the citizen a disregard for human life and the rights of others dangerous to socie ty ; 1 sec no substitute fur such a system except in placing all the Indians on large reset vat ions as soon as can be done, and giving them absolute protection there as soon as they are fitted for it. They should be induced to take their lands in severally, and set up territorial government for their own protection. Fur full details on the subject, I call your special attention to the report of tint Secretary of the Inteiioraud the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. THE V.'AR DEPARTMENT. The report of the Secretary ol War shows the expenditures of the War Bopartment for the year ending the 13th of June, lbO'J, to be $S0,G44.O42,of which S2;, 852,310 was disbursed in the payment of debts consract ed during ihe war, and is not chargeable to current army expenses. His estimate of $31,531, IKil for the expenses of the army for the fiscal year, is as low as it is believed can be relied on. The estimates of the bu reau officers have been ssrutinized and re duced wherever it has beeu deemed practi cable. If however, the condition of the country should be such by the beginning of the next fiscal year as to admit ot a greater concentration of troops, the appropriation a? ked for will not be expeuded. Ihe ap propiiaiions estimated for river and harbor improvements and for fortifications are sub mitted separately. Whatever amount Con gress may deem proper to appropriate lor these purposes will be expended. Tiie recommendation of the General of the Army that appropriations b? made for the forts of Boston, Portland, New Yoik, Philadelphia, New Orleans, and San Fran cisco, if for no other, is concurred in. I also ask your special attention to the recom mendation of trie General commanding the Military Bivision of the Pacific for the sale of the Seal islands of St. Paul and St. George, Alaska Territory, aud suggests that it either he complied with or that legislation be had for the protection of the seal fish eries from which a revenue should be deriv ed. ... . The report of the Secretary of War con tains a synopsis of the reports of heads of bureaus, of the commanders of military di visions, and of the districts of Virginia. Mississippi, and Texas, and the report of the General of the army in full. The re commendations therein contained have been well considered, and are submitted for your action. I however, call special attention to the recommendation of the Chief of Ordi nance for the sale of arsenals and lands no longer of any use to the Government; also to the recommendation of the Secretary of War, that the act of the 3d of March, 1Sn9, prohibiting promotions and appointments on the Staff Corps of the army be repealed. The extent ot the country to be garrisoned and the number cf military posts to be oc cupied are the same with a reduced army as with a large one. The number of staff offi cers required is more dependent upon the latter than the former condition. NAVAL MATTERS. The report ot the Secretary of the Navy, accompanying this, shows the condition of the Navy when this administration came in to ofSc,and the changes made since. Siren uous efforts have been made to place as ma ny vessels in commission, or render them fit for sen ice, it required, as possi ble, and to .substitute the sail lor 6team while cruising, thus materially reducing the expense of the navy, and adding greatly to its efficiency. Looking to our future, 1 recommend a lib eral but not extravagant policy toward this branch of the public service. The report of the Postmaster-General furnishes a clear and comprehensive exhibit ot the operations of the postal service and of the financial condition of the Post-Office Department. The ordinary postal reve nues for the year ending the 30th of June, 18o9, amounted to $18,344,510 and the expendi tures to $23,C'jtS,131, showing an excess of expenditures over receipts of $5,353,620. The excess of expenditcrcs oter receipts for the previous year amounted to $(,437,9i2. The increase of revenues for lSS'J exceeded the increased r. venue in 1SGS by $;'J6.33C, and the increased expenditure in 1')9 was $2,527,570 les9 than the increased expendi ture in IhO.S, showing by comparison this gratifying feature of improvement: that while the increase of expenditure over the increase of receipts in lOS was $2,439,535, the increase of receipts over the increase of expenditures in IStl'J was $1,084,371. lour attention is respectfully called to the recommendations made by the Postmaster-General for authority to change the rato of compensation to the main trunk rail road lines tor tiieir services in carrying the mails; for having post-route maps execu ted ; for reorganizing and increasing the ef ficiency of the Special Agency service ; for the increase of the mail service on the Pacif ic, and lor establishing mail service under the flag of the Union on the Atlantic; and most especially do I call your attention to bis recommendation for the total abolition of the franking privilege. This is an abuse from which no one receives commensurate advantage ; it reduces the receipts of the postal service from 25 to 30 per cenU and largely increases the service to be perform- ed. The method by which postal should be paid on public matter is set torth fully iu the report of the Postmaster-General. The report of the Secretary of the Inte rior shows that the quantity of public lands disposed of during thsyear ending June 30, lSoO, was 7.660,152 acres, exceeding that of the preceding yearly 1,010,409 acres. Of this amount 2,899,544 acres were sold for cash, and 2,737,s5 acres entered under t he Homestead laws. The remainder was grant ed to aid in the construction of works of in ternal improvement, approved to the States as swamp lands, and located with warrants and scrip. The cash receipts from all sour ces were $4,472,886, exceeding those of the preceding year $2,840,140. During the last fiscal year 23,19ft names were added to the pension rolls, 4,876 dropped therefrom.loa' ing at its close 137,903. The amount paid to pensioners, including the compensation of disbursing agents, was $23,42,884, an in crease of $4,411,902 on that of the previotn vear. The munificence of Congress has been conspicuously manifested in its legislation for the soldiers and sailors who suffered .in the recent struggle to maintain that nuity of Government which makes us one people: The addition to the pension rolls of each suc cessive year since the conclusion of hostili ties result ia a great degree from the repeat ed amendments of the Act of the 14th bf July, ltG2, which extended its provisions to' cases not falling within its original scope. The large outlay which is thus occasioned is further increased by the more liberal allow ance bestowed since that date upon thosd who, in the line of ditty, were wholly or per manently disabled. Public opinion has giv en an emphatic sanction to these measures of Congress, and it will be conceded that no patt ot our public burden is more cheerfully borne than that which is imposed by this branch of the service. It necessitates thr next fbcal year, in addition to the amount justly chargeable to the -Naval Pension Fund an appropriation of $30.000,(XK); During the year JSG9 the Patent Ofree is sued I',7G2 patents, and its receipts were $GS!i.3S9, being $213,920 more than the ex penditures. I would respectfully call your attention to" the recommendation of the Secretary of the Interior for uniting the duties of supervising the education of treed men with the other duties devolving upou the Commissioner of Education. If it is the desire of Congress to make thei census, which must be taken dnring the year IS70, more complete aud perfect thin here tofore, I would suggest early action upbn any plan that may be agreed upon, s Con gress at its last session appointed a commit tee to take into consideration such measures as might be deemed proper in reference to the census and to report a plan. 1 desist f rom saying more. I iecomtnenrl to your favorable consideration the claims of the Agricultural Bureau for liberaj ap propriations in a country so diversified in climate and soil as ours and with a popula tion so largely dependent upon agriculture. The benefits that can be conferred by prop erly fostering this Bureau are incalculable. 1 desire respectfully to call the attention of Congress tf) the inadequate salaries of s number of the most important officers of the Government. In this nicsagel will not enu merate them, but will specify only the Jus tices of the Supreme Court. No change has been made in their salaries for 15 years, and within that time the labors of the Court! have largely increased aod the expenses of living have at least doubled during the same time. Congress has twice found it necessa ry to increase largely the condensation of itsown members, and the duty which it owes to another department of Government de serves, aud will undoubtedly receive, its due consideration. There are many subjects hot alluded to in this Message which might with propriety be introduced, but I abstain, believing that yrur patriotism and statesmanship will sug gest the topics of the legislation most con duciue to the interests of the whole people. On my part I promise a rigid adherence to the laws, and their strict enforcement. U. S. Grant. JJ O M K I N D U S T R Y 1 MOOTS AND 8IIOE3 Made to Order at the Lowest F-ates. The undersigned wonld rpe0tfully invite th attention of tbe cititem of Clenrfiel J and vieini ty, tn giro him a call at bi( (hop on Market St., nearly opposite Uartawick & Irwin's drug store, where he ia prepared to make or repair anythiag in his line. Orders entrusted to him will be executed with promptness, strength and neatness, and all work warranted as represented. i hare now on hand a stock of extra freaclf calfskins, superb gaiter tops, Ao., that I will finish np at thelowest Spare. June 13th, 1S18. - 1MXIEL COSXELLY yEW" STORE AND SAW HILL, AT BALD HILLS, Clearfield county. The ucderstgned. having opened a large aaj well selected stock of goods, at Bald Hills. Clear Celd county, refpecifully solicit a share of pablie patronage. Their stock embraces Dry 3ofs, Oroeerles, Hard ware. Cjueensware,Tin-ware. Boots and Shoes, Hats and Caps. Heady-made Clothing, asd agea eral assortment of .Notions, ete. Tbrj always keep on hand tha best quality of Flour, and a rari'ty of Feed AM goods sold cheap for cash, or eacfeaaged for aprroved country produce. liaricg also erected a Steam Paw Mill, they are predared to saw all klids of limber te order. Orders solicited, and punetuall; filled. Not. 20, 1867. P. B. 4 A. IB. VI It. II. ?. N A u e L B . WATCH KAKEI, GRAHAM'S ROW, CLKABFU&LU.- Thai n nrl r-ai nrrtatfi rm AtfnllT In farms bis old customers and the pubiie. that he has on hand, i - .1 ; : - - i.-.. (ana constantly receiving new u . ..v.-,y stock of Clocks, Watches and Jewelry. CLOCKS, a large Triety from the best Man ufactory.eonsistiDgof Eight-day and thirty-hour spring and Weight, and Levers, Time, Strike aud Alarm clocks. WA TCIIES aflneaaaortmeat, nulver Hunt, ing and open ease Americas patent Levers, f lain and full jeweled. GOLD rENS. aa elegant ssaertmeat. of the best quality. Alse, in silver extension and d hSPECTACLES. m large assortmant, far aael near sight, colored aad plain glass. JEWELRY ot every variety, froea single piece to a full set. a rjsn & lu ajiiriM.ni of Sniuiea. Kerbs, bol ter knives, etc., plated on genuine Alabatm. ALSO. Hair Jewelry .with pure gold mounting, gut up to order. Call and see sample book. All kinds of Clocks. Watches and Jewelry ear fully repaired and Warrmnud. A continuance ol patronage is soll'ited. Nov. 23th, 166. H. F. NAC9IX. I 9 5 TT7T ir
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers