ANNEXATION OF TEXAS SPZIECH OF MIL 1317MANAN, Of PIPINSTLVLMIA, In Senate, FEBRUARY 14, 1895 The Senate resumcd the consideration of the joint resolution for the annexation of Texas; when Mr. BOCULN An, of Pennsylvania, ruse and addres sed the Senate nearly as folksy*: I am deeply imeretsed with the conviction of the earecimportauce of the present question. Shall Con. rem. to use the language of the Constitution, admit the:4w State of Texas into this Union, or shall Tex as .maintain the position of an independent power? Shall we exhibit in our history those mutual jealousies and wars which have ever been the misfortune of neighboring and rival nations? Shall the lone star of Texas be blended with our glorious constellation, end shed its benign influence over the length and breadth of our land; or, comet-like, shall it threaten "diseases, pestilence, and war" to our Union? Itsioes not occur once in a century, it maynot again occur in our history for many centuries, that a legisla tive body is called upon to decide a question which must exercise such an important influence for ages to come, both on the fate of this North American Conti nent and of the whole world. Wars may be waged by ambition, and countries slay be deluged with blood; but b tunteous nature aeon topsail* the devastation.— The field of Waterloo *wow covered with cheerful greet/, isoctthe happy cultivators of the soil now drives hit plough ahead ever the plain where but a few short .yews ago the hostile armies of all Europe fought the most terrible battle recorded in history. The detests ikon has passed away, and no trace of it remains.— But should Texas become an independent rival Pow er, should a fereign influence be exerted over her counsels, as it most certainly will be, to disseminate dissensions between her aid ourselves, the fatal effects will live as long as the two nations shall endure.— Texas will remain either to bless us by re-union and to promote harmony among the Anglo-American race, or, like the Philistines to the Isarelites of old, be a per petual thorn in the side of this Republic. For my own part, I rejoice that my humble name has in a small degree been connected with this question. shall endeavor to elevate myself to its high standard ; I shall endeavor to soar above nil personal or party jealousies, above all sectional feelings, and treat it as a purely national question. It is a matter of compara tively small importance to the country by whom this great born is acquired, so that it -hall be secured. Texas first offered herself to us in 1837, arid was then rejected by the Executive Government. In that decision, under the circumstances then existing, I heartily concurred. In 1394 she again offered herself but the treaty was rejected by the Senate. It has now; been proposed to admit bet into the Union by act of Congress, and the House of Representatives have Tamed the bill. The entire responsibility of her re section again devolves upon the Senate. If we a third time turn a deaf ear to her application, the opportunity may be gone forever. Mr. 13. went on to say that if he had been consulted in the preparation of these resolutions for the admis sion Texas, there were some provisions now included • in them to which he should have objected. He con curred with the honorable Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Morehead) in the opinion that the United States Government ought to have control over the pullic lands of Texas; that we should also have the control over the Indian relations within her territory, and that she should cede her public domain to the United States. Nor did he like the provision that Texas was consul. ted in the creation of new States from her territo- ry. Bnt let the resolutions pass as they stood, anal we could du justice to Texas and to ourselves hereaf ter. He considered it unjust to deprive her of her revenue from custonelsouses,and of all her public prop erty, without making ally provision which would en able her to pay her debts. Nor did he approve the granting to her all her public domain: this ought to be cnceded to the U States fur a fair equivalent. But, as he bad said before, let us but obtain the precious 'boon of her admission, and all minor difficulties could readily be adjusted at the proper time. Ifs B said he was greatly pleased with the first in ibis series ef resolutions, because it provided for im mediate admission, so far as that was practicable.— For, was it not a matter of vast importance that a question which had agitated the Union for years past, which had disturbed our social peace, which had fo mented feelings of strife and personal enmity, raising up man against man, from one end of our country to the other, and which, he undertook to say, had been decided by the people at the late Presidential election, should, as soon as practicable, be put at rest. They h id heard, and should hoar again, as had hap pened when Louisiana was admitted, threatsof the dis solution of the Union: doubtless the emissariers of dis cord would be busy urtil the agitating question should have been decided; but now, as then, these lowering clouds would pass from the political heavens; we should all again worship together at the sacred altar of union, and three who had been loudest in their opposition would find that their own portions of the country, were .the largest sharers in the blessings and benefits of this great national measure. What, he asked, would New England have been without the acquisition of Louisia na? Bold, brave, industrious, enterprising as she was, this measure, to which she had at the time manifested so decided a hostility, had presented a field for the ex tension of her commerce and navigation which she , never could otherwise have enjoyed, and hid promoted her prosperity in a greater degree than that of any oth er portion of the United States. Mr. B. liked the first resolution for that reason. He was pleased with it, again, because it settled the qiurstiou of slavery. These resolutions went to re establish the Missouri compromise, by fixing a line within which slavery was to be in future confined. That controversy had nearly shaken this Union to its centre in an earlier and better period of our history; but this compromise, should it be now re-established, would prevent the recurrence of similar dangers here sifter. Should this question be now left open for one or two years, the country could be involved in noth ing but one perpetual struggle. We should witness a feverish excitement in the public mind; parties would divide on the dangerous and exciting question of abo lition; and the irritation might reach such an extreme as to endanger the existence of the Union itself. But close it now, and it would be closed forever. Mr B. said he anticipated no time when the coun try would ever desire to stretch its limits beyo .d the Rio del Norte; and, such being the case, ought any friend of the Union to desire to see this question left opetrans longer? Was it desirable again to have the Missouri question brougie home to the people to goad them to fury? That question between the two great interest in our country had been well discussed and well decided; and from that moment Mr 11 bad set down his foot on the solid ground then establithederid ebereite would let the question stated forever. Who could complain of theterms of that compromise? It wastben settled that north of 2'6 deg. 30 min. slavery should be forever prohibited. The same line was fixed upon in the resolutions recently received from the House of Representatives, now before us.— The bill from the House for the establishment of a Territorial Government in Oregon excluded slavery altogether from that vast country. How vain were the fears entertained in some quarters of the country than the sluveholding States would ever be able to control the Union ! While, on the other hand, the fears entertained in the South and Southwest as to the ultimate successof the abolitionists, were not less unfounded and vain. South of the compromise line of 36 deg. 30 min. the States within the limits of Texas applying to come into the Union were left to decide for themselves whether they would permit slavery in their limits or not. And onderthisfree per mission, he believed, with Mr. Clay, (in his letter on the subject of annexation.) that if Texas should be divided into five States, two only of them would be slavebolding and three free States. The descendant of torrid Africa delighted in the meridian rays of a burning sun; they basked and rejoiced in a degree of heat which enervated and would destroy the white man. The lowlands of Texas, therefore, where they raised cotton, tobacco, and rice, and indigo, was the natural region for the slave. But, north of St Anto nio, where the soil and climate were adapted to the culture of wheat, rye, corn and cattle, the climate was exactly adapted to the white man of the North; there he could labor fur himself without risk or inju ry. It was, therefore, to be expected that three out of she five new Texan States would be free States— certainly they would be so, if they bat willed it. Mr B was willing to leave that question to themselves, as they applied for admission into the Union. He bad no apprehensiotrs of the result. With that feature is the bill, as it came feign the *rase, be was Peon l 7 content, and„ whatever bill might ultimately pass, he trusted this would bunted' a condition in it. He did not, nevertheless, set himself up to be a dictates: to the 6enate as to what sort of a bill it about(' or sheuld not pass; provided the great end leading measure of tee union was secured, be should make no difically about mere stibordinnte questions. He went on to say that he liked this bill for another reason. One of the greatest sod most weighty objec tions to the Texas treaty, as submitted to the Senate at its last session, was, that it had been formed be tween the Government of Texas alone and the Gov ernment of the United States; and the friends of the measure had been driven to maintain their ground that the peole of Texas were unanimously in favor of the measure of annexation; and, the.iefore, though their Constitution contained no provision warranting their Government to make such an arrangement, yet a unan imous people could dispense with constitutions and laws. But this bill was exposed to no such objections: it adopted the true American system; leaving the question to the people of Texas. They were requi red to assemble in convention and adept for themselves a Constitution, republican in its character—and if it did not conflict with the Constitution of the United States, then they were to knock at our door for admis sion, as every State had done which had hitherto been . admitted into our Confederacy. This course was in strict analogy with that practised toward every other State. When one of our own Territories became ripe for admission. Congress reseed a law allowing them to elect their delegates and to form a Constitution for their own Government, imposing in the law such cc.. ditions as Congress might deem requisite. Whenthe Territorial Convention assembled and assented to those conditions, the law became a compact between the U. States and the people desiring to form the new State; and when she afterwards came and asked to be receiv ed, the faith of the nation staving been previously pledged, nothing more remained than to pass another act in four lines declaring her to be admitted. This was the mode in which Mississippi, Louisiana. Illi nois and other new States had been received into the Union. the preamble of the bill recited the facts that a State Constitution had been formed, that the people had complied with the terms of admission pro posed by the United States, and, the national faith being pledged by the former law, the new State was introduced accordingly. This was what he desired should now be dune in the case of Texas: this wss what the present bill proposed; and this was "immedi ate annexation, as far as practicable;" it treated the people of Texas as we treated the people of our own 'Territories. If any plan could be devised to accom plish the object sooner, Mr B. had not been able to conceive of it. The fact was, that Texa■ would via tu nny be admitted as soon as this bill should become a law, though the act could not be formally consunasted until afterward. The public faith would be pledged to her and her subsequent admission would be an irresis tible conclusion. Again, Mr. B. said he was pleased with these reso lutions, because they raised the broad general question of the power of Congress to admit new States. And here he must be permitted to say that, notwithstanding the very able end ingenious argument of his friend from Kentucky. (Mr. Morehead.) and in spite of his undoubted eloquence on this occasion, Mr. 11. had not been able to bring his mind even to a doubt—no, not the entertainment of one single doubt, that Congress might by a joint resolution—admit Texas into the U nion. On this point be intended to be as le icier Tensi ble. Whot,he asked, was the plain language of tbeCon stitutionl—(heshouldnot reply to the argument that the clause was in the hitter port of the instrument. and not in the beginning—it was intim Constitution:) "New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union, but no new State shall beformed or mit ten within the jurisdiction of any other State, nor ply State be for toed by the junction of two or more Stales, or parts of States, without the consent of the Leg islature of the States concerned as well as of this Con gt ess." Here was a intiversal, unlimited rule: "New States may be admitted," and "admitted by Congress, into this Union." The exemption, and the only exception. to the power, was that if the new State was formed out of a state or pelts of States already existing, it could not be admitted without the consent of the Le gislatures of the States interested. Was ever lan guage clearer or more comprehensive? '.New States may be admitted." ‘Vhat was a State? Vettel says that— Nations or States embodies politic, societies of men united togetherfur the purpose of promoting their mu tuel safety and advantage: by the Joint efforts of their combined strength. Such a society has her affair■ snd her interests; she deliberates and takes resolo- Cons in common, thus becoming a moral person. whn possesses understanding and a Hill peculiar to herself, and is susceptible of obligations and rights." Ccabbe's synonymes said that a State was the most E .meral term which could be used, equally embracing the vast empire of Russia and the smallest German principality. The Constitution said that "new States" might be admitted. What, then, was the Herculean task im posed on the opponents of these resolutions? 1 hey could not stir one step unless they interposed the words "arising within the territory of the United States," and to interptiate such a clause would, according to his notions, be indeed "construction constructed." "New States may be admitted by Congress into the Union." Now, all knew perfectly well that every word, nay, be might almost add, every syllable of the Constitution, had been subjected to the severest scru tiny before the Couveution which prepared it. And what had been the character of the men who composed that most illustrieus assembly, forming Gs they did the organic law of a great people, laying the deep founda tions of a Government which was to endure for ages? They framed it with all the care and anxiety and de liberation which it was their duty to exercise in a mat ter so groat and momentous. They were men of the highest reach of intellect. and of more devoted patri otism than had belonged to men who had since, or that might again bless the Republic. And what was the rule laid down for the construing of such public instruments? Vette! says: "The first genernl maxim of interpretation is, that it is not allowable to interpret what hos no need of interpretation. When a deed is worded in clear and precise terms—when its meaning is evident, and leads to no absurd conclusion—there can be no reason for refusing to admit the meaning which such deed nate rally presents. To go elsewhere in search of conjec; tures, in order to restrict or extend it, is but an attempt to elude it. If this dangerous method be once admit ted, there will be no deed which it will not render useless. However luminous each clause may be— however clear and precise the terms in which the deed is couched—all this will be of no avail, if it be allowed to go in quest of extraneous arguments, to prove that it is not to be understood in the sense which it natural ly presents." Was there ever a quotation more strictly appropriate? The worthy Senator from Kentucky had gone all the way to Patagonia for the sake of construing away the plain language of the Constitution. Ile had invoked the aid of the small-footed beauties of China; nay, he had even gone to the land of the anthropophagi, "men whose heads do grow beneath their shoulders." Yes: he had brought cannibals into the Senate to de vour honorable Senators, and all to avoid the plain reading of a plain clause in the Constitution. When moo of his capacity and ingenuity resorted to such expedients, it showed very plainly bow sorely they were pressed by the force of truth. The honora ble Senator in this part of the argument resembled the strong man in the midst of the Serbonian bog— the more he struggled, he plunged but the deeper into ths mire. What had the Supreme Court of the United States said on this subject? Chief Justice Taney says: "In expounding the Constitution of the United States every word must have its due force and appro. priate meaning, for it is evident from the whole inrtru ment that no word was unnecessarily used or needless ly added. The many discussions which have takes place on the construction of the Constitution have pro ved the correctneot of this proposition, and shoin the high talent, the caution, and the foresight of the illus trious men who framed it. Every word appears to have been weighed with the utmo4t deliberation, and its force and effect to have been fully understood." New States may be received; yeChis Ingenious friends interpolated the additional words, "arising within the existing territory of the United States." But what would be thought of this argument when it was found that the very Convention which framed the clause as we now find it in the Constitution had bad before ' them them the express question whether h should be fdpirisdif t.. l'47,LW:se r ki w r e t t 'r t.i t• .IDailtAlatiing pQ. 1 .." the -Ph' ' -- : ,' 1 Aidititlas OF tint Riggier 4 and liatidetbetrately : rejected them? Tio re. 1!..*.. 416 ._ Wagaltel the Conveatiott established t h at fart ber,ftd TBOS. sett Core a wit:'.4t. serest soeroes. - : - war - ~,, STEAM • - ail" dispute or questiee. Mr. B. bad nude agile re fer- _. _ _ *aces to the journal of their proceedings, and bed no- PITTBIII.I2,GH, MONDAY FEBXWililf 245. • . ted down a few extracts which he world sow read. ' On the 29th May, 1787, Mr. Edmund Randolph of. THN NEW POOR LAW. HIBERNU. fered his famous resolutions to the Convention. The Sac. 12. The Board are to inquire isnothe situation - tenth of these resolutions was i n t h e following words: o f an y one who shell ask relief, and if they deem it ex- iriettglaToTheee Days Later ben 111111141,116 "Resolved, That provision ought to be made for ! „ e ds„„ nt -s--- The steamer Hibernia arrived at Boston, on Wed the admission of States, larefally arising main [ le 1,---- way will cause an account to be opened with j ins on the Alms House Books, wherein be shall be ' aew j ayi with letters and papers from Liverpool sad /imiis of ate United States whether from a voluntary : charged with ma i ntainmsce , a tc., and credited w i t h t h e . Losdus to 'the 4th instant, be' 23 days later in junction of government andterritory or otherwise, with . labor be may perform. And those brought to the Aims date than those received by the R 'us the consent of a number of voices of the National House and cured of disease brought on by vicious hale - Ti..al tittle 4 papers coin n verynews importance. Legislature less than the whole." its, and all idle and vagrant persons shall be sent to the 1 The money market was very easy, and cotton re. It will beperceived that the point was thus distinct- House of Employment and compelled to perform such mains at previousquotations. ly presented to the Convention whether the power of work as the Board may direct. And the Beard am Sir Charles Meters lk, has been made a peer under Congressto admit new States should be restricted to, authorized to "exercise such authority" as may be no- the title of Baron Metcalfe. those "arising within the limits of the United States. cessury to compel such persons to work. Three men were killed at the Manchester terminus What was their decision? The above is a section of the proposed Poor Law of the Leeds end Manchester rearm, by the explosion On the 19th June,l7B7. the Committee of rte objectionable. In of a locomotive steam engine, and three ' Whole reported this rsolution to the Convontion in for this city, which we think highly scalded, one of them dangerously.others were 'the words of Mr Randolph. containing the restriction. the first place it isentirely unnecessary te open the "at- Mr. Everett, the . Ansernaut . inister, entertained The Committee on detail afterwards reported the counts" spoken of, on the Alms House Books. The Sir R. Peel and a distinguished party at dinner, on resolution as it originally stood. greet probstrilityis that large balances would be found the 31st ult., et his mansion in Grosvenor-place. 1 On the 6th August, 1787, the committee which re ported the draught of aConstitution retained the ie. against the paupers, which the Guardians might have The Duke of Wellington has been occupied lately in the d eve l opment of an ingenious plan for the loni an iction limiting the power of Congress to new States some trouble in collecting. We take it for granted is . fication of London. His Grace said to be pa s t oo within the limits of the United States." that no man who is able to do work enough to main- dad, that on the death of Louis Phillippe there is too The following is a copy of their tepore min himself, will be an applicant for admission to the much reason to apprebead that there will be war with "New States, lawfully constituted or established Poor House. And the result of this system of so- the neighboring kingdom. within the limits of the United States may be admit-It is generally believed to be the intention of the ts.if there werema n yld be, that be paupers, WOO . . ted by Legislature into this government; but to such ad- King of the French to lay the first stone of the tomb mission the ermsent of two thirds of the meinbers press. rides a long list of unpaid balances against the pau- or Napoleon. about in he emoted in the madelnim ent in each House shall be necessary. If a new State pets, the Guardians would have to incur no little ex- The Earl of Shrewsbury has presented to the Cont.' shell arise within the limiu of any of the present pens in employing Clerks to keep a set of unprottur, miuee of the Catholic church, now nearly completed State., the consent of the Legislatures of such States tire honks. in Lambeth, a very handsome chancel window, of ' shell be also necesery to its admission. If the ads that the Guar di ans : are eon painted glass, which Coat £5OO. mission be consented to, the lOW States shall be ad- But it may be s a i d The pope is said to be dangerously ill. His Holi- mitted on the same terms with the original States— powered to make the paupers work. They may be ness is the Nestor of Europian soveigns, being 79years But the Legislature may make conditions with the new 'compelled to perform such work as the Board may and 4 months old. States, concerning the public debt which shall be then .. l' he city of Exeter has been so disgraced on the subsisting " direct." And the Board are authorized "to exercise ' Sabbath-day by the mob spouting and goosing the On the 29th August, 1787, it was moved and se - such authority" as may be necessary to make them do Rev. Mr. Courtney, for wearing the surplus st St. Si!. conded to agree to the following proposition as a sub- their alloted tasks. well's, that the bishop of that diocese has forbid the stitute for an article to which I have just referred: Now in the first plume we think it very possible use of it in the pulpit. and England, "New States may be admitted by the Legislature into the Union ; in 1844, was 75.799, of which number within the limits of any of the present States. without ability of the paupers to perform the labor they would 60,554 were English, and 9314 Frenchman. the consent of the Legislature of such Suite, as well as select for them. There might. it is true, be stubborn, Miss Cushman, the celebrated Americanieffers. is of the general Legislature." lazy and contumacious persons among them, who slowly recovering from the illness with which she has The restriction was thus abandoned, and the power been visited, and she will probably soon make her ' left unlimited to admit new States, whether within the would re fuse to do their share of labor, alt h oug h pe r appearance before a London audience. limits of the United States or composed of foreign ter- reedy able to do it. And there would be no little dif- Louis Phillippe, after the performance at the Tuiller- 1 ritory; and the article in the Constitution was finally a- f n otlty in distinguishing these fiom those really unable ies, made a present to Mr. Macready of a beautiful' dopted as it now appears in the instrument .to labor. But tte Board are authorized to "exercise Eastern dagger, richly mounted with jewels. He . al - Thus it appears that from the 29th May, -until the authority" to compel the paupers to work. We infer so gave a gold bracelet to Mdlle Plessey. With the ex 29th August, 1787. the Convention had adhered to the ceptioa of Mr. ?discreetly and Miss Faucit, no present ro pposition of putting a limitation on the admission from this, that the Board are empowered to use tor. was made to the English company. A valuable gold clause, but had finally rejected this liberalit' poreel correctives—the whip , fur instance—in the snuffbox was however presented Mr Mitchel for the and stricken it out of their draught. Anrjte7 had carrying out of this section. If we are wrurg, t h e pleasure be had afforded the royal family by the repot acted wisely: for no human foresight couldthen,ot now authors of the project can put us right on the matter sentation of Hamlet. tell what was to be th 9 destiny of the new born Re- . Accounts from Switeerland say that several cantons public, whose constitution they were entrusted to pre-ri ghtinsurmi sethatthe —but if we are pare; and to have limited it in the manner supposed guardians may direct the whip to be used—we should having taken the arsenal without any resistance being by gentleman on the other side, would have accorded like to know where either the councils or the legisla- offered on the part of the Government, seized on the neither with the wisdom nor the profound statesmen o , _„ , . ammunition and other stores, which were there mel t todolegate power to whip a lure are authori exi • ship of those eminent men. levied in large quantities, and marched towards Lts pauper to make hits work, or for any other cause cerne, where they were to meet the insurgents of the But to go further. What was the contemporaneous While onthe subject of the Poor Law, we would obey cartons. construction of the instrument? Mr B was sorry his friend from Kentucky had not got so far in his quota- suggest the cpinion that it would be infinitely dons from the Federalist as to the 43d number, a here better to make some arrangement for the maintain. this subject was expressly treated on. If the mole- ante of the Poor that would embrace the whole coon' man had but proceeded as far as that. he would have ty, including both cities of course. Or, if Allegheny I found the astonishing fact that the old Confederation had no power to adopt any other than a foreign city, having recently purchased a Fenn for her own , State. Their power of admission was confined with- Poor, should not be willing to come into the measure, I in this limit. The only clause in the articles of con- let the law extend to all the rest of the county. Let federation referring to the admission of new States a moderate poor tax be assessed on the city and all ' was this: "Canada. according to the confederation, and join tbe townships, and let all the paupers be sent to the ing in the measure of the United States, shall be ad- county poor house. The only objection that could be i mined into and entitled to all the advantages of the made to this would be, that in some years some town union; but no other colony shall be admitted into the ships would pay mere than their strict proportion of some, unless such admission be agreed to by nine States." the amount rerptired forth° support of their poor. This, Mr Madison said that by "colony" in this article however, is a small consideration, when it is recollec was meant a British colony; and that it was for this ted bow much humanity would gain by providing a very reason that the clause was left in as broad and forthedestitutean d a ffl icted. One t proper refsge unrestricted terms as we now found it. How would that statesman he astonished coutl he hear his own advantage of this arrangement would be to atop the language now invoked to prevent the United States litigation that so often arises between different town- Government from ever admitting Canada as a State ships as to who shallmaintain somepatticular. pauper. into Union! We have seen more money spent by two townships , ' To admit new States into the Union; but 00 new Stare shall be formed al./erected within the j ur ,kdi ct i m in a law suit about the keeping of one miserable pau of any other State; nor any State be firmed by that per, than would have kept all the poor of both town junction of two or more States. or parts of States, i ships for Ona year. We do not know whether the without the consent of the Legislatures of the States iCounty P e or La w w hi c h w as re j ecte d i n 1841, concerned, as well os of the Congress." such an one as should have been adopted. as we have "In the articles of Confederation, no provision is , found on this impel cant subject. Canada was to be no remembrance of its provisions. But we think that admitted of right, on her joining in the measures of . the best way to settle this troublesome question would the United States; and the other colonies, by which be the passage ors judicious Nor Law for the whole were evidently meant the oilier British colonies, at the discretion of nine States. The eventual establishment . county. nine's Stales seems to have been overlooked by the i Tar 19,,„, or 1„, to ENOLAND.—The Ship compiler* of that instrument. We have seen the in- ' . & Merchants' Gazette of the 10th ultimo, which convenience of this omission, and the assumption of Ping power into which Congress have been le 1 by it.— came by the late foreign arrival, mentions a meeting With great propriety, thetefore, has the new "yawn which took place a few days before, in Birmingham,, supplied the defecr.i' i Now, Mr B. asked, could language be plainerl— of the iron masters, at which it was agreed to advance Heretofore the Confederation could admit none but the price £ I per ton over the price of the last quarter. foreign States, and these British colonies; but express. The Gazette says: ly to obviate this very dif&ulty; the framers of the At the last meeting, the leading masters in South Constitution struck out ell limitations of every kind, Staffordshire reduced the price of El per ton, contra and left the provision in such unrestricted terms as en- ry to the general expectation of the trade, and no small abled Congress to admit any State whatever that had surprise was felt at so extraordinary a proceeding, as adopted a republican form of Government. Their eyes the demand was then brisk, and no apparent necessity were fixed on Canada; and this was Mr Madison's al- for the reduction. Since then, however, the demand lusion when he spokeof States that might arise "in our has been extremely brisk; orders have come in all di neighborhood." They had desired, above all things, rectiuns, and the prospect of trade was declared so that Canada might unite with them in the war, and, good today as to fully justify a rise of £1 per ton in order that she might now come in, the provisions cf over the price of last quarter. The demand for nin ths Constitution was enlarged. Who would contend road Iron is very considerable; but the general imp o that, instead of being enlarged, the powers formerlyen- , ved state of trade is the main cause of this favorable joyed by the Confederation werrabridged and narrow- state of our staple manufacture. The pigs are at rod down in the new Constitution, so restricted that from £3 tel.:4, bar from £6 to £6 Ss. per ton." Canada never could be received to the etui of time 1 I The ton here a lluded to is the ton, avoirdupois; as a State of the Union? 2240 lbs. The ton of iron with us is 2,000 1b... Nearly contemporaneous with these expositions of the Constitution lived the venerable Nathaniel Ms- It would seem from the above that pig metal now sells con, a celebrated patriot of the strict-construction in England for about $l7 a ton of 2,240 lbs--bet iron school—a statesman in whom was no guile—a man sells for about $3O a ton. who, for practical wisdom and sound good sense, ner i According to our last report of the markets pig iron er had his superior among us . He ores the link that I connected the past age with the present: and sure Mr is wroth, in this city, $2B per ton, and common bar Proclamation. B. saw there was no gentleman here who would not iron 3 cents per lb., Of $6O per tom of 2000 lbs. By ligltY virtue of a precept under the hands of the Hon accord to him all that he had said, and more.Benj Patton, Jr, President of the Court of Conn this it would seem that the British iron manufacturer -1-. " (To be Continued.) non Pleas, in and for tbesth Judicial District odrPeare receives about $l3 a ton, for changing pig metal into sylvania, and Justice of the Court of Oyer and Termi. iron. The American iron-manufacturer receives $32 net, and General Jail Delivery,itiand for said District, I a ton for the same proce 14,—w id) the further advan. and John M Snowden and William Porter, Esquires, Associate Judges of the same courts, in and for the cage that the American ton is 240 lbs less than the I said county of Allegheny. dated the 10th day of Jan- British. uary, in the year of our Lord one .thousand eight hno died and forty-five, and tc me directed, for holding a A BLNlttft DEAD.—M. Solomon Heirn, the Ism- Court of Oyer and Terminer, and General Jail Deli,- elite banker, who died lately at Hamburgh, has . cry, at the Court House, in the city of Pittsburgh, on lately left by his will the large sum of 2.572,000 f. to the Fourth Monday of March next, et 10 o'clock AM. I Pu bli chereby notice is riven to all Justices of the different charitable establishments, and society formed ' Peace, Coroner and Constables, of the County of Al. by himself, some time ago, for loans without interest legheny, that they be then and there, in their proper to industrious workmen, without distinction of religi- I persons, with their rolls, records, inquisitions, exited ous creed. He has also left handsome legacies to his I nations, and other remembrances, to do those thine, clerks and servants, and 3.500,0001 to his sons-in- which to their respective officers in their behalf apper tain to be done—hod also those that will prosecute the law. The remainder of the property, which comes to prisoners t ha t ROO are or mayin sa id the son, is valued at 15,000,0001. county of Allegheny, to be then and there to prosecute against them as shall be just. Given under my hand at Pittsburgb,this 23d of Feb ruary, in the year of our Lord 1845, and of the Com monwealth the 66th. feb 24. ELIJAH TROVILLO, Sh'ff. From the Baltimore Sun. WEN TY.EIGIITH CONGR ESS. WAnutnoTon, Feb. 21, 1845 SENATE. A considerable number of petitions relating to Tex as, postage and other matters were received and refer red. Mr. Fairfield presented the resolutintut of the legis lature of Maine. urging the passage of the French spo- Hist ion bill. The Navy Pension from the House, was taken up, read a third time and passed. Several private matters having been disposed of, the consideration of the Texas resolutions was again re sumed. Mr Simmons having the floor, resumed and conclu ded his remarks frOm yesterday, in opposition to the measure. Mr Merrick followed, and to the great gratification of the friends of Texas, made an able argumentative speech in favor of the measure. Mr Huntington spoke on the other side. 1 think the debate will terminate to-morrow even ing. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. In the House, a number of bills from the Senate was read a first and second time, and referred - to ap propriate committees. The House then resolved it self into a Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union—Mr. Saunders, of North Carolina, in the chair—and resumed the consideration of the appro priation bill. A number of amendments were adopt ed, among which was one making an appropriation for an outfit and salary for a minister plenipotentiary to China. At half past fuur o'clock, the committeeroee and reperted the bill, with the amendments, to the House; when the previous question was moved and seconded. The House then adjourned. NEW MEXICO-9StITA Fe—We have before us a letter from Chihuahua dated the 21st of December.— The news from Santa Fe is to the 24th of Novern • her. We subjoin such particulars as may be inter esting to the friends of the U. States' under, engaged in commerce with that province. Samuel C. Owen's company arrived at Santa Fe on the 20th of October. Dr. Connelly's sad Captain Speyees caravans had not arrived up to the 24th of November. Dr.O. and Capt. S. had been to Santa Fe and purchased a number of moles and sent them to 'win the wagons, a number of the mules they left the United States with, having perished with the black tongue. These expeditions, it was thought, would prove disastrous in consequence of the lateness of the season when they left Independence. They en. connteted a heavy snow storm on the bead waters of the Arkansas. Indian hostilities still troubled New Mexico The news of Mr Poik's election had numbed Chihu. ahua. It produced a great eereatiou there. `• The peo , pie of that piano thinks a war will both& consequence. IRELAND. Mr O'Connell said that the receipt from Xfuttne had been obtained under the most suspicious ciieum stances--that it was intended to keep up and promote thespirit of benevolence and charity, and that it had nothing to do with the laity or with repeal. The Pope had no control over their temporary affair►. He ass ready to believe that no concordat was thought of, but be was certain that something move injurious was me ditated. He recommended that Lord French and his son John O'Connell should be sent as a delegation to Rome, for the purpose oflaying a statement of their case before his Holiness, and toimplore of him not to thwart them in tboit peaceful =onions (in common with their Protestant fellow•countrymen) to obtain a restoration of their domestic legislature. MrSC Hall stated, at a late meeting of the Lon don Temperance Society, that two years ago he bad travelled through Connemara, one of the wildest die trictain Ireland, whale the people were more rude and uncultivated than in any other parent the country,tbe great mass of them not having learned to speak Eng lish—he bad travelled through the wildest part of that district on Galway fair-day, and out of at least 20,000 pert.oas Le met returning front the fair, not oneexhib it/4 any symptoms of intoxication—,whereas twenty years ago, 19,000 out of the 20,000 would have been intoxicated A club, called the 'B2 Club, has been formed in Ire land, having Mr O'Connell as its president, " to fa cilitate the repeal of the Union—to secure the swats. liehment of the legislative independence of Ireland; and ass means fur the attainment of these ends, to encout age Irish ntanufactores, art, and literature, and todiffnse through' society a national feeling." NIII7 PASSIINORB sans, 1111111ffiffe-Ala - Via Brownsville aad Chamberlaml, Mir Bal timore, Washington and Vkilatilelpleim Spring Arrangements, commencing Tueaty, February 4th, 1845. THE SPLENDID FAST RUNNING iTEAMERS MiElia nail LOUIS McLANE, JACOBI, Master. CONSUL, CLAR*, Master, Will leave the wharf boat, above the Monongahela bridge. altemately every morning at 9 o'clock, precisely. By this arrangement passengers will take coaches 1 at Brownsville at 4 o'clock. P M., Railroad Can at i Cumberland at 8 o'clock, A M., and arrive at Baki more at 5 o'clock, P M. IThrough to Baltimore in 32 hours, fare $lO. Philadelphia in 40 " $l2. Tickets to be had at the Stage and Boat office, next door to the Monongahela House. I Freight must be delivered at the wharf boat in the afternoon, as the departure of the boats will be posi tive at the hour named. feb 24-11 New Episcopal Weeks. THE Book of the Church, by Robert ', Boothe Esq., Poet Laureate Honorary Mem. of the Roy al Spanish Academy, &c., arc, &e. Tile Ckurchman's Library, contaiinng the English Reformation, Church Claveriov, Christian Morals, Book of the Church and life of Falkland. A few words about Holy Baptism. The above, with & general assortment of Episcopal Works, for sale by CHAS. H. SAY, Bookeeller. A c of Wood and 3d sts. Zooby Dew Swop alielseses. AA FRESHVeppIy of this In ankle just eseeised,, bf A. G. RINEHART, fob. 2.4. 140, Liberty street. SAM. A LADY'S Deesellet wee 1.144411,0 w !Mimosas - .61111, het, eider is Alleighey city !, Awniesaii havieg found it. will be violably= 1711110 4 111 it at lir Fedilee's Jewelry Blom Aii 2414 0:11111 Tied' Arettral Ir T the &sr Mimeo and Mosey Leethet seat*. NOP 11. 9a Wood is., boot door to the came sr liMo. mood Alloy, tbs foilsman articles, vis Coruna boot Morocco; do Not Kid; do No 2 den as Robbed tie dot Tampico boot Morse= do intdoommd do dyed Mock dm Madras boot Morocco; do undressed do; do Kid; Fancy colored Morocco Cape of Good Hope boot Morocco; • do do do Kid; - Pink sad fah linings; Black cross bar sheep skin; Split sleep skim; Alum tanned splits; Japatioad splits; do set.; do muslin; do velvet, &c., &c. All of which will he sold at hewer rates ties ta logy other establishment West of the moonteina. Streams and others will do well to call sod eametine es tank before pareheiring elsewhere. feb 24 JOHN H. WIEN; 11Itnida t emitSrUg. tad Head mss. AGREEABLY to Act of Assembly, yessetiatilday of April, A. D. 1837, and reviled by Ant - pas. sed the 18th day of April, 1844, notice is hereby then, that Botts of Subscription for Stock to)usid Cenintay, will be opened at the following places, from 9 to so'• clock, on each day, viz: At the house of Daniel Shawhan, in Binninghant, on Monday, the 1141111.+1 March next ; at the Merchant' Betel, in the city of Pittsburgh, on Tuesday, the 2:lt' h day of March; ~00d at the bones of B. Acker, in Ric.eville, on Wednesday, Lb day of March next, where one or mare Commis sinners will be in attendance. By order of the Board of Commissioners. JAS. PATTERSON, Si., Sec'y. feb. 24-416tizsicul. FOR SALE, RENT, OR EXCHANGE. SEVERAL large and small farms. and one fine NOß and farm for sale, and a large fine mill and two lets in a town near. Pitt sburgh for rale or partly foe ex change fora limn prwrity. Several large sad seen farms in the country for rent. kinds of Agencies attended to on moderate charges. Please call at HA RR IS' General Agency and Intelligence Office, No 9 Sth it. feb To the Honorable the Judges of th• Court of dens ral Quarter &salons-of the Peace, in and for de County of Alkikeisy. THE petition of Wm Broedhurst tithe 4th Irani, , of the city ofrittsburgh. in the county aforesaid. humbly she weal, That your petitioner bath °Tided himself with mambas for the se ea of travelers and ahem at his dwelling house id IT= aforesaid. and prays that. your honot:s will be to grant hint klicense to keep a public house of ester tabunent. And your petitioner, as in duty booed. will pray. WM. BROA DHURST. We, the subscribers, citizens of the 4th ward. Pitts. burgh, do certify, that Wm Broadhurst, the above pm titioner isof good repute for honesty and tempsrawas s and is well prodded with house room and commies cos for the accommodation of travelers sod ethers. sad that said tavern is necessary Wm. B. Thompson, John Vandivender, C. H. Vanscirer, GeorgeOgries. John Fowler, W. Rickstson John Farrel, James Mackey. . James A. Koos, James 4rmstoMmt. Bernard 54'Kenas, Chambers IFKllobis & feb. 24—d3t. Chronicle copy. To the Honorable the Judges of the Court of Gee nal Quarter Swims* of the Peace, in sad for the Goma" of Allegheny. . The petition of.lanift Young, of the Borough of Law nmeeville,in the county aforesaid, respectfully sbewsib, That your petitioner bade provided binsselleritb terials for the aceronnoodetkon of travelers and others. at his dwelling house in the Borough aforesaid, and prays that your honors will be pleased to gnu* hint a license to keep a public house of entertainment.. And. your petitioner, as in ditty bound willpray. JAMES YOUNG. We, the subscribers, citizens of Lawrenceville. dot certify, that James Young, the above petitioner is of good repute for honesty and temperance, and is well provided with boos. room and convenient** fur the acccommodatioe of travelers and others, and that sail tavern is necessary. Hamer Laughlin, J W Decker, John Sarber, Francis Stein, James Eider , i Jobs Stein.' Abraham Bateman, Joseph Miller, Henry Sondes, A A Decker, Henry Winter, William Kemp. feb 24-3td• 7'ts the flosorebk the Judges of Ike Couri - af (hatred Quarles Sessions of the Peace, is aril _ for the (rowdy of Allegheny. The petition of C Schmertz, of the Ist ward chi of Pittsburgh, its the county uforesaid, respectfully sbew eth, That your petitioner huh provided himself with material, for the accommodation of travelers end oth ers, at his dwellir.g house in the city aforesaid. and prays that your honors will be pleased to grant him a lioense to keep a public boos. of entertaintnebt. And your petitioner, as in duty bound, will pray. C SCHMERTZ. We the subscribers, citizens of the 1 it Ward, city of Pittsburgh. du certify, that C. Schmertz, the above petitioner, is of good repute for honesty and temper ance,and is well provided with house room and conve niences for the accommodation of travelers and others, and that said tavern is necessary. A Wilson, A Holton, John Lafferty, S R Holmes, Thos Sorrel, Henry Abel, feb 22.413 h To Me Honorable the Judge* of Me Court of Oen teal Quarter Sessions tithe Peace, is wafer air. Comntyof Allegheny. This petition of Joseph Rogers, of Lower St Char Township, in the county aforesaid, respectfully she, eth, Thu your petitioner huh provided himself with materials for the acanumetktiMs of metiers and atit en, at his dwelling house in the township aforesaid, and prays that your honors will be pleased to grant him a license to keep a public house of eetestaintnesi. And your petitioner, as in duty bound, will prey. JOSE PH ROG E RS. We, the subscribers, cilizens of Lower St Clair Tp., do certify, that Joseph Rogers, the shave petitioner is of good repute for honesty and temperance. and is wail pievided with house room and convenienoes few the SCCornmodation of travelers and others, and that said tavern is necessary. James Pd'Donnell, Henry Ingrips, Jer.troy. ir=Z22 J C Shale?, Aaron - Frew lab 22-3td" While 83 BAIZELB White m ris i h i tt r eiri c rd o and fith 22. • ,401 Water oreet. Ay J. Trento's, Fourth sired Road, 'sear Toll G.te; TH E only Glass Stainer west of the mountains. A I. specimen of Ibis glass is to be swan clothe steam boat Cambria. An orders promptly attended to. feb. 1.9•-wadtt. XTOTEB, Dr aft% asivais. Bill Book% dkr- A WO/ baadisome asecatemet el tba above, bassi ea( la show. constantly on hand and for sole by CHARLES H. NAY -- corm of Wood sag 9d;AL C L Stolz, B C Sawyer, M Dortlinger, A Woeibuer, E Fenderiek, W Wenseburg. J IBMOS Flanipo, P Ross, Rok Nixon, R Sterrett, Wen Cbcoo, Jima woo. GLASS STA,'
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers