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' - 0 . i " : - .. ~ ; :, , e. 1 , 41 , . 1 ' \ ' I A , „...:, ,__„-- ..„..,-,; „.;:.,-; •., -.- ~. ~i ..„.....,.., 1 . „,.. _, f„..) ._:. _._ - ...i _ -. , -1 .. .., .... - r...vtra - ;;;•. t.r...11 , • Jr.:" !".-..:., ~...•`.. z.z . 1,"-‘ , • i t , ,;-.: • ' . . • '',: •'' '-'- : 1 . 1 4; ' ' t ..-_''' • ' l . l-. i'i ''' II .. ~..• -- c.", :-. ~ I ' - .'" • - - .- .• :I'd - • '-'• . . ;_. • , .' .: ti 1:..; .-EV.. , .e.:•" .. '... • -----;•-, --- 1 - 07m407.1 1 : - Nitirr, Editor & Proirletor. 0 c ILY 'gill 601; MESSAGE . • - ) - illetiOnai Atimrs; IN _,. • We.,,, 'eetmder, dram:Fiances of un - 1 --. milial4: linfmth4o legisliifefor the hon or,rit the i terest, and the proteption•,•of the T _,,,, pcoplillik the g3tute of-New : York. ThS • ;. oath , Olt-wAtiVio ihktin to l ' support the, , constitution of the United. Suites, talk 1 ~, r. . constitu ion, op the State of4few Yorke to: perform our duties with fidelity, has at this tinil peculiar significancei Ittescliwi r , •-MALprilkiiiiiM iich.„. Otthelie conatitn tions as equally sacred; that Each is to be • upheldp Its . , respective jurialliction, -At , ' thiiii&tike'pb*eilif the orteCts opaly ' defied b 4 armed rebellion-,mlole the other ..is end*igered....b.r..the confusion iiiiil diii:' °'-e-•.rcerd - gidiwingroutlattivil war. This acts •l •-•• 1 41tidInt*tii -Ok.. WWII' net :ra t ericiceriiitE • . ~ -teakalt Aa a part of the,tenure' of=the .. "oficesiiM hold Until tied have thus eel ' . - e ...yst u ' tefmu sely" ....,..i.dities insnige . nts,- , gAving tip" oAr , paAson- t . . , .g l ,l_ v in t i , and opinions; and..- pled -, i. -- ilidves t I obey their ieciidAirpats;we rare. .g.not.., .'itted to:perform one .fofficictL. act, T. :=•,-• t •e' 0. ,,,: . - ' litioulaakes it my di_ity, - ,t_6.7 .Y.<, ....:.einiiizt . . catesto loathe:, ctifidition 'Of the , '''.- "sir "'Sir I iiiii arid kit-thii iiie'w - eic - iir • 4 „„.,theti coontwand which also affects , =-•-• :thdeitf# did' 7.nom.bieree", , fif,Ndif f York': i • , taitteitl. tftelittrinitiqhiii talieh more - 04UL' 200,400inen from • our , : woOrshcps tend 1 -- -- fieldiff 413#1;has.cc - trrjed, ntotlrinfig Ante , the homesrill dili citize n s . The, teniiiii - lif • .:,, ,„ gotitimuent slttell thegiiterest f , eur ' " 4 +eoplefdAinandltiatitlienniects of thewar • . ahotddilikr discussed with entire.. freedom. iztjetionly,is the national life at Stake, but " - ,every::-liiitioifilf E every familf, every sacred -- interestPfe involved . We must grapple ; - iiitli;;thit great question of ,the day; we s must: - confront the- , dangers.:cif our, posi : i itioii,..:' 4l:triitiii Of, finaticialwiiiiktfili.. - -t-:, ~taff y 81 liking miiit,.,notrbec - kept back.— ri;dl The st:,be no. attempt to-put down the ''"-': far 4034 15 1): 6 44 111 X40 1 Qm •.• It: must liellerio*plialieekled, toAtatileKtliejgiiV ernment to managepnblie affairs with sue ,' Cluk: ' There is alestltioedhaire . inifoiti ~. -. our people learn-their ct* conilitipm *.' Therdetitandko discussion," Theyrehinild' • 'lle cOnitebredli . ' itn', ternifiti ',thoughtful, 4mtricitliiispirit: The solemnity Or the''oor -: • casionditaid the sufferings bflhe warp - - iliotild]revive the - Virine; - the 'intelligence - and theifliatriiitism of the American p ea-. Ple._ Tho decay of these have brought our calithities upon us. There are now no conies for discord that have not always existed.iin_ our country,tand WhielkWere not felt IL by our fathers in forming ,tke :Union.lkiThey had the gliatneis, the•trale manimily' and virtue too compromise and adjust 1h m.. . - The.Talue7c - fuo tTnionthey - then toed; his Pr - eyed - 01e grt*tp,thitit si :=thililatia. =Yet we b i ecame ndifferent to• - it'vr riri , we:were:in ' the fedl enjoyment of its _ 'rigs. _We became ignorant of thecharacter and resources of our own country en, while-we had the fall benefit 'Of an ;untrammeled commerce with all sections'f our land. It was then the world ,0# astonished with the power and wealtlkgrowing out of'our national Union, the sectional prejudices and .p_assions were ail rit e in destroying . fratern al ciffec tl tions en generous love of our country.— - . -While 4 boasted most of our intelligence there-ti‘ie those-persistently and' hibcri _ onsly engaged, through the press and in - : legislative balls, in teaching thepeople _of , the North and the South .to undervalue .- and_deigise each other. Hostile legisla tion add the division of oar churches lin, paired-teligions and social intercourse; If the North and the South hid 'neder-" stood the power and pnrpcise of :each ' other, diir contentions would have been adjuatedl This misreprehension, so bloody and terrtble in its effects, was systemati • call, add laboriously inculcated. , - I CI causes of the War, Affrighted at the ruin they have wrought, the authere of. our calamities at the North and Beath insist - that this war was caused by an itayoidable contest about slavery. --- Thicirhai be - el the subject; not the cause of . • Coarlay.. Yti are‘to look for the can , „ lies of 1 s. war in a pervading disregard of ---- •:thirehhgations - of - laws nal - opostitutioris't - tic - diiiiiesodt '.fcii:tonetittitol authorities; and;ili t rici:.4ll, in the locill prejudices which ve grown up in two portion's of the Atlantic Stites, the two extremes-=of _ our Cokrtry, whim remote positions made them less well informed,!anfwhose intereqihave made them less considerate, with rega rd to the condition and clam-. ter of d whole people, than those - liniig in the 'gest central and Western sections of our pnion. There is no honest state. ment of our difficulties ,which does ;not , teach that our people must , reform' them soli,ei,i itii well as the conduct efithe ge i ..3 •Iramehe and , the r policyt_ of our rulers.— ' --Siiere ! iii' nOta'-ilialernity•44 are suffering: , which . not clearly foretold by our fath :-...triere.4.ei ' e - .reaultet the passions and local t i a iv prejudices which have grown inp during -...._.-3. - the.paifiifteezilerirs. '. • It is not too late, to save onr'country,if wevilitater upon the sacred duty in:Ale right spilit and in the right way. When _We do if,,..the.cffect-Avill.be seen and felt througient our land and by the civilized world.- 1 1,,reshall then strengthen our gov ernmentl we shall weaken theirebelhon l'••."-.10:1.."Iihalritiiitetinr people; 401111 the world -..,:wi1l recognize -our capaeity'for self goy; , erntnentfwhen we Shaw that we are cepa , .ble•ofiplf-reform. - . , = . , • - , Retiaheet rorrs.aws , and'ltiaters. - el -- ,la tfieffirst-place. we mast= eninlate . the' conduct;,bf our fathers,.7. - -andvslibar . •oliedl=' ewe tOnstituted authorities, : and res .- .-pect forldegal • and =constitutio nal oblige -.,-7. tions..f, MThewery•idea- of the Power and --i.. - .sight.ritithe peoplivlto-establith,,goyern ment Presupposes theliaty-eVaety'indi . vidualf# 4 bbeythe,tstaNistiediovtirnment.' '. tz-.get - 441ritotdmobildieteifhas Sapped the -.. z foundatiensof monicipaleitatib4 aid-rna .r - 4ionalidithotity in-everyperf/of our land. ~-. •Ude ndienly.thetmderlyintandpervading . -- cause of the war Ot isralso.the immediate - :-- 'email*. of our calaimities . - _ - , "•-•,.. i,-.;'.::.v ...1 ... Whiii,4lthei•leaders cif the-instirreotiow a 4, the eilritnerfilonth•say that free and -' slav e •., • flfatest,reitinot.Mrititttigether •ie the - Cade' ;L.- • -- and*li4thibitieeheed front 'the; extreme •''-'`- .. " l lTo ..e lat e t- ti gle4tielnie - tiof our Constitutioni ,; - 4..:- both -A ~ siniply'.:sapthertcaFt,-.be; • , .. ,, canset will not, irespectuthe su - iVi . on tatieit:This-spirivol dibli) ,r ty mtliAlle put dotitliffilathionsistittk ,with AU so cial order„,,atir going securi r -,.,;with Oty_oftpereons and propeity.'" ; : '', ..,.' 1--.Ait ofderl.o.upholdeurtovernenentit'iii ..:419:14eeleary that - we - should show res- W. " • tleet- o ca'aUthritity - Af - our rulers. While -- "actifigh'i;* . hi- thilitinti' tif their, jurisdic liditcy,''. P: , representiffithe iitereafaOhe .'F. - hiiior4Vi i id the diglitjef thar j'Acplei they .. wre..en,titled to . deference.: _Where it is theirrigitld deeide upon measures and policy, is one•duty.to obey aml , to_gLve..l, l i' -re 4 4.Y.11 port to their_ decide - as. ' Thke- ka ..:. ,ta:Titali4 • nro3f-diberkw,....hout-this I taxi .-.• orilti` olgovernment Call ctsnct.-pubh.. . th auceess, aii pefilloicati be safe ...-.,- ..... I? tiltOnieynnemt .of:their. -rtghts. ; Tide ..... laity*Pseuly strong under our system, ..„1 n .W -, .ie, -, g g ge e si , thd p A pp t le A A hift -: at ght at their erections to sit in judgment upon 2'6r:ti • - lers, to command or condemn them, to ' keep them in or expel them from official stativin., , , 4.1 ; -„,,-...- j z-4, ; _i i .y. .; ,• , This war should have been averted ; but when its-flood-gates were opened, the ad ministration could notgrasp its dimensions nor control its fOteep4.-.ll , :,Quvernment was iaoreilit4agly the current, and struggled wit lest. entail by• the -iintistlesktide. - ...Few •seemed;ablLto-moraprehend-jtemilitary• or finiinelal - problems, • Hence we are - not to sit in- harsh judgment upon errors in eon.; duct orpolioy. ." • sliiit . „While. we concede all these for mistakes, we are not to adopt . errors . nor sanctica-violationsof principle.- The same causes which extenuate their-faults - in judgment must make us moi.e'vigilarit to card against their influences.:• Unusual gerftdeldiindTaflustial vigilance. kjEediaonzimoli- in*Ofity, Economy ; and integrity: in the` administrationbt &ies . are :essential. at all times ; they are vital. in 1 the periods - -orwar..--H---the : power q of- -die people'' to Witt - tin ' the;7' : 60000 7of :Isar is. broken 'deriVia, L it'il.Viiiiitliit*ihaire herd our citi zens into the field,: and tbattheyinivii Weir their blood: in Unsupportable efforts to savi our :conntry.• , . .. act opportunities Which a state ef -- War ureri•gives to unprincipled men' to prey ape& thequiblietrefispry;, 04 the difficul tYs,-PfaSkesking' their Schemes, must be borae4ut.mind,:.*hen. we judge the integ rity of our rulers. • But *ldle these dita; . .9nitleir_elkotaitahiel*thelnimun harsh PliP-, nitinti they are addiUonafittaions flir.vigir• tuaie - aid,iolitiors ',.-,ltis#4nittive of war '°t:Orllall9slM--41/I,!finaii-eini:l7uld ambitious nitereatiaceaVricr prolopg its duration:' Itifithier - Oiftelate .datkitif tit builds up„, rt Vet : A s,W ,gain; _ . .„. a ,abti — WI ' li6 ' power and. Wealth by the taxation • imposed upon the. labor' acid property of the,mass of citizens,' This organized class use the national trea: surynto. support•-sehtenet of: plunder .or ambition,-and the taxes 'wrung from the peopleyare thos mailiti,ptolcing-the.state of war - 'and 'inilitdry govirnYnent... The power of rulers to avert the se influences most be aideil sudk u strengidienta 'by '.the inisit ample- 4xfosTtion bf Andricial?_cif-'. i fairs. 1 - - Extravagance and corruption are viola lions tile Atithl , Widged, . id . the ;public :tisurilis: -- The miniey c an ed to-the ne.- tiosalyease,ty Was i not .brought } forward Ira - time of peace and confidenie, lint in. a time of.donbt - Vididanger. These•claims are 'held by the rich and peer. The nmounfa-ownedlircorporations represent the jntisititOf -*pine* and cliileren, the agettitUdirOilif.';:_ The:•,right of our sol diers to demand economy andlintegritY is of t4S.I II : IO St Sacred Icharecter. ; Never in the history of the world have i armies of - sucir.numberabeen made up of those who voluntarily left prosperous. pursuits and happy homes to suffer the danger an priva itiPtie of,war. -- -:WAStlideferit orldestruction 'of life by' violenee - bedieealre thinned the ranks of our armies, they promptly and freely-stepped forward to the rescue of the 'nekintiVs flag.,' , .: a trek-fa:Crime ,will be done by those who shall suffer - riatiOaal bankruptcy to turn into dust' and ashes :the pensions _and bounties thus gained at the cost ofblood and health and exposure. These pensions will, in many cases, be the solmreliance of those thus made in capable of self-support. It is worse that a government should be overturned by chrreptionthan violence.— A,virtnouti people will regain their rights if torn from them but there- is no hope for those who suffer corruption to sap and rot away the flibric.Of theirfreedom. LintHaltom/ of Power There are'not only obligations resting a - poi:Opt ; : poople toward our authorities, -but u4der our political system there are limitations betweea the dipartments of the: oireniment, between; the State And national governments, which must be observed to - secure the public Safety. •At this time the warning words of General Washington have a very peculiar signifi cance:- "It is important, likewise, that the hab its of thinking . in a free country should in spire caution in those interested with-its administration, to confine themselves with in their respective constitutional spheres, avoiding, in the exercise of the powers of lone-department, to, encroach,upon the oth er. The spirit of enbritticlitiient tends to consolidate the powers of all the depart ment/in .one, and tkns,to create, whatever the'form of government, a real despotism. rA just elitimate.of that- love of power• and proneness to abuse it whichpritulominates to the-human heart,' is sufficient to satisfy ifs Of the truth of this position." The legislative, executive, and judicial departments are co-ordinate. -• It is eqtal ly treasonable tckrehist the rightful author -ity of either. - To overthrow the power of either department is revolution. Legisla tive right, executive power and judicial independence are alike sacred. Disregard for the limits of State and-national juris liotioxt and thi interference: of one de .partment:with-dhe:dnties iinothor, are not onlY-OPPiiiitttithe - genius and oFgan ization of our_ civil t government, brat they have caused disasters in the conduct of the war. While -the War Department sets,aside the authority of the judiciary and e;over rides,the laws of : States, the governors of States' iifeet to shape the policy of the general_ government, the national legisla ture appoints committees to interfere with the military conduct of . the war, and sena tors combine to dictate the eancutive choice of constitutional. . advisers. The natural' results of meddling and intrigue havn followed.. :While our armies have gained. vietoriesin , fields remote, from the capital, Withititarinfirienmithe heroic val or of, our scildiersand, the skill of our gen• einla are tliwarted-and•paralyzed. Not only muetthe national Constitution be held inviolate, but the,righta ;of States moat-be, -sweated."as. tintless= sacred:- -Therearedifferentiii 0f . '04 . 4ip; as to the dividing linebet*eate State and national jurisdictions, but there: can betrione as to the- existence - of Inich'seParate j jarisdic-e ' Lions, each covering subjects of legalistic) and jurisprudence essential to the public security and welfare. A- consohdated governmentin_this ivast conntti,Nyould de; stroy the, essential homeixights and liber _tier of. the People.. The sovereignties of theStateni - except_as'• they : arelimited by tlieConstitution, can neirerlii!-Oven tip.= .Without_tlieni — oni `government cannot 1 164 - 14 L: „Ulm-made and it - can tie chang ,_ll7:Stattutgenfy.,l.Thisisidiown bythe follownii4isiientrolie of thelitielniment it i1.41;,:, . ghoistirgialfertkit‘theribotmenttoilii• •taillifitates Shalllielitiffieittik-tnthe estab 'lislimint of this ConstitMl&t.hileweeit the `Slate's so ratifying the same." Again, three-fourtliti-of thi4ltates can , add to or take away. from the powers-of the government ; ..bY :demanding a con. .vention.in•which amendments can be pro posed, which, if ratified'by threrfourthe of the 'Stites, become parts of the Coned- Whihithey can thuS' iska away or add to ittrpowerrthe omeral - government can , in nowt t.toubh one right .of theStatei or invadegielkj*Vriptioli- • - abligatiiinii, , which rest upon the Stites to respect-the 'Constitution, laws, TUESDAY #ANITARY 13, 1863. and authorities of generAgOernment, al so-demand • that the general government shalt, show equal respect for the tights and constituted authorities of State& ' -To.iiitatilegialatian and authorities, we look for the good order of soCiety, the de eurity of life and property,- the prutection of our homes and all that isi hearest and dearest to us„itt the relations' ' . dutiei, - and iictions.of• life. .It is dangerims tind de moralizing to show-contenyit for -State au.-. thorities and laWs. It tuderraines. alike tie foundations'of State and national goY .iirnment, by breaking up-the social *s tem. -llt -home laws are - tibt respected, the more generatenthority wilt net be regard ed. Arbitrsury Arrc llta .onr people , have, therefore viewed with alarm nractices - and „pretensions on t.l4tliart of ,Officials, 'which_ . violate every pi:m(4lo-6 1 / 4 00d - order,;ist civil'liberty, andlsonstitutMnal , claimed ui . war, tinies tbatattiTiesideritlifia:PoWeriVas commander-in-chief of our armies; which authorise hint to deelaremarifial levy-net' ;only within , the . . sphere of heatile::meyet triente, wheie other laws . .caisnot :be eh ,forced,buttelso over,enr wholis „laud. That ; at likrplealire he. CAodisregard note only the statues of Congress- bat the decisions of the ilatittfaajndibiarY.'gliat in, loyal __States the least class,: of .offi- Cilds may be . clothed wiihyower. ;not only to act as spies and informerk i hut also, without due proceAs of law, to .seize. And imprison our citizens, and, carry .them he youd the limits of the Stataill3 held them' in prisons,withOut a hearing orlaknowledge 'of the offences with which they are charg ed. Not only the passions, and prejudices of these inferior agflnt4i laid them to acts of tyranoy,bist theirmterefital are advanced, promotiOttAiSCOnfAnt and , dbeord., Even _to silk the aid. Of counsel has', been held to be an offence, It haft been.- well said -that "to be arrested for ciee knows not what to be condried no one:. enlitled to ask where; to be tried, no one car say when, bye law never httoWn or established,. or linger out a life.in- a cell, **Santa a body iyranny which cannot be enlarged." The suppress* of journals and the im rliotinient of persons haidbeen.glaring iy,partisan, allowing to sc,mel the otmost licentiousness of criticians t and- punish-. ing others fer the fair exercise of the right of,discussiom Conscious of ithese:gross abuses, an attempt has beOrinedetozhield .the violators of law Awl . A 4141480 • ia9uiry into their motives and. co:Mr-ult. ?Ills at tempt will fail. Unconatitotional acts cannot be .shielded : by. unconstitutional laivs. Such Attempts 'will - not save the guilty, while they willbring a just condem nation upon those who try to p ervert the powerii.of legislation to the turposes of oppression. To justify such aotioo by pre cedents draivn 'front the practice . of, gov ernments where there is no reetraintupon legislative power will be of no avail under our system, which restrains the - zover-n went and protects the citizens by written coestituticns. 1 I shall not inquire what riglitaf3tates in rebellion have forfeited, but x deny that this reliellion can suspend issiOgle right of the citizens of the loyal States. I de nounce the doctrine that civil war in the South takes away from the loyal North the benefits of one principle of civil liber ty. It is a high crime to abduct a citizen of this State. It is made my duty by the Con stitution to see that the laws are enforc ed. I shall investigate every alleged vio lation of oar statutes, and see that offen ders are brought to justice. Sheriffs and. district attorneys are admonished that it is their duty to take care that no person with in their respective counties are imprison ed, nor carried by force beyond their lim its, without due process or legal authority. The removal to England of persons charg ed with offense, away from their friends, their witnesses, and means of defence, was one of the acts of tyranny on which we asserted our independence. The ab duction of citizens from this State for of. fenses charged to have been done here, and carrying them many hundred miles to distant prisons in other States or territo ries, is an outrage of the same character, upon every principle of right and justice. The general government has ample powers to establish courts, to.eippoint offt gen to arrest, and commissioners to hear coinylaints, and to imprison upon reason able grounds of suspicion. It has ajud% cial system, in fall and undisturbed oper ation. Its own courts, held at convenient points in this and other loyal Stat . es ' are open for the hearing of all complaints. If its laws are not ample for the punishment of offenses, it is due to the neglect of those in power. Government is not strengthened by the exercise of doubtful powers, but by a wise and energetic exertion of those which are incontestible. The former course never fails to produce discord, suspicion, and distrust, while the latter inspires respect and confidence. This loyal State,whoselaws, whose courts and whose officers have thus been treated with marked and public contempt, and. whose social order and sacred rights have been violated, was at that very time send ing forth great armies to protect th_e_na tional capital and to saviithi national effi care from flight or capture. It was while the' aims of NeW York thtis Sheltered them against rebellion, that, without consults tson.withlta chief magistrate, a, spluHira nate departMent at Washington insulted our people and invaded our righte:—:- Against these, wrongs and outrages the people of the State•of New York soleinzi ly protested. The submission of our people to , these abuses, for a time only, was mistaken 'at home and abroad for an indifference to their liberties. But it was only in a spirit of respect for our institutions that they waited till they.oidd 'exPresi their will n a -manner politest outsQui - fa - ie. At the late election they xindicated at once their _regard for law and their love of libeitf.-r-- Amid all the confusion of civil. war, they calmly - sat in' Ipidgtherit upon; the ad ministration,voting against its candidates. Nor was this the only striking proof of re spect, for the Constitution. The minority .of nearlyzcpial numbers; yielded to this decision without resistance; althongbisthe. canvass was animated by strong partisan excitements. Martial Law. The claim of power under martial law is not only destructive ottke right of a &Ste, but it overthrows the legislative and judicial departments of the general gov ernmeßLl, ,Ithe ,r!iidEnt 'more power as the head of the armylfien as a representative ruler of the People,— This claitrcluut oughtrdisc edit upor ne !in=the eyes ofAfid worie'lt'htui *oaken ett-the confiditibecif-leyaofitei.' It tends to destroy the valtie of 'optlovernment in the minds of , our , Itleads to dis cord and dificoptent et the North, while it has united and invieorated the South. If there is a necessity which justifies that ppligy, let usnpenly andlionestly say there -is-a necessity which justifies a revolution. Butthis pretension is not put forth, as a necessity which overleaps for a tithe all restraints,: and_whichisjuStified by a great exigency; it is a theory which exalts the military ,power of the. President above his Civilaatfinonstittittinufa,ngika: It asserts that he may in Ida discretion declare war, and that to extinguish the State wad na- tional Constithtions by drawing, the . 14 . d1 of martial over our valiant country. More t han , - : .turies since, that bold, defeat:l4'l3l ll , mi ,j , ~libeity, 1 that - hMiest and hastier, L. •T g i . 4., Lot& Cake, de clared: - I'Whergu7:h 4-ta lOw are open, mertial,,htwir:. - , be ,-4abuted," and s also Of "the .; - tfuitis abOielliiiiiii' i s mifit s 'fOrtlfe .. toinaki* hi tripentiT . l, Are 'Englistit • ' ..flillatno;*is - Vie ishlibertyhnonksetramtlien oars? ••• I It was. one. th e set forth in the Decteiatioif, Indepegtdeticefor re mouncitig idle ' lizi'llitr - Kitill of Eng pa l land,LOthithe - tfeeted.to tender the military indepedlehtantrimperitif to the civil, power.f! ,21:11ting., the struggle 'ro t national' life, - altlectigb iniroituded lay - ene- Mies, spiel, 'aid Weiinbii; 416' tiphehl the pretensiortitalirthirstirowti, ...Washing_ ton never : dec rial is + - 4t chihne theAtlit,Apdswkimitcninstae - tit Millie; the nithlad'a p: -- 1147thr *. * ittltttaitr •On thelooilt? was iit - Ideferrelifid alysteem f , to thelatter.lz- , gati We-Mai - is= Alt this subject - test big. ' ' te e d by the colifitituo9Be '' are ffiT ed"'br - the melt 7lilYeatalr ~.c ." . zi. ) , RAO! iWifislikil', i ruentiallOf * 4 . v 2 . Jul?, cititrition=. sistent . with .. t . ~ *null to astrong pie; tension. • rcFpfr 1 ~,._.- • ' ~ Masiachuseits,.. e misw.saansiiiihire, Viin7- , nedientlL - Teliiw iYieilllittiiiiina" i-liftirY lied; North Car imd.Sontb`Cerolnlat eight of 11i:e_t:gtelfts a libti.eirgirially niadd . -44onr,,Villpu t Liii c* ly &blared : that - the Mili - : 1 0 - r n il in all - ales and Stall tijnia._ d,,1 . n4 et subordi nation te;the t ,el . , • ,„.. Olity, if be' gov rne-dli. its g :#. *Pre e4' VP - With ‘ tm* 1 cOeHtitcutionPVlrtalP/9- 1 .0 611 tIal -- It `itincriclible *Wisps* yr 'ireldlliese views, and.whisumealims o their liber ties, and whcrthowstssumil d tiibieuthor-' ,ity..ntideitheii i metpdiste c o tioli - iiiiidd give tothe - co,nZdririf,thriarmy of the United Statel, . otiochver • a pow er WhielCtlief;r;iFfi Ditat Britain i has not been_ p . ermitt -,to eweisis .for, nearly Mr) centuries.,., . Ise measure:of power to be exercised Sq*puileveriunent is fix ed by flie icons@abon. ,roi make the . meXimapf,sithiti*Olerninent4 or the ilia g9s of other, naticmthe rule here 'would 4i.e sanction lo.,..Argemon e, tyranny, and wrong ., It would at was done by our fatkerriWha.cpraiefi:ons. oVernitient. It makes ~ 11'40 till*: iisgliasp tism or the principlei . erwe - 4 7 Eggfp aut horities than the written,' o tilting of our re public., The=n oincri tolled des it des potic pOWar uhn -; Mider ra 'lair ig of itself, a reason , y it:mtnii tbe admit- - ted. The fact . . -Nand is , ince sistent with the.perposes. s :and geni of our in stitutions is 'eon uSive,again 'toe claim set.up for its. coat ol over a extent of country and a diversity of int ste which never'existed :4,44) 'deep o tia sor monar .chial governments from which the prece. dents are drawntifinstify. it. New York and:':Other Stated consented to mare up the general ; goverment only upon theassurunce that: tie : ori ginal con stitution khotdd s gi - so amend d as to se cure more perfe c t ly the righ of States' t and eitizeus. Putee'articlettir re added by 4 the unamious -vote)* the 8 a: :Attriete 4. "Theftly of the eople to be secure in their: persons,. homes, and. e'reets, against unreasonable searches and seizures,shall nogi vicdated.! And no warrant shall. issue but upOn probable causes, anpportedgith or affirmation ' and particularly , *bing theplace to be sec i.s reh!d and the..r son-or thing to be Aicrict.r. 5., t . ,,,'2arson skill be held to answer for aCO 'or ; othltie infirm: ous crime, unless on presenme or indlee ment of a grand jury, except in eases aria ing in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger;* * !* * nor be deprived qf, life, liberty or or property without due process of law. ; ' The The want of these restraints in the or iginal instrument endangered its adoption. They were inserter' to satisfy the public demand. We are now told that they are of no avail, in any part of our country, when the executive shall see fit to declare there is war or insurrection in any part of this land. Such pretensions are in contradiction to the plain language of these clauses— and to their settled legal, effect. If any differences of construction be , possible, our Constitution provides' fOrtbeir deter-. mination. These %mations Will be carried . - fore the -proper judicial tribunals. If the theory of martial law le upheld i by them,lve williubmit, and have the! Con stitution amended. If it is held to be unfounded, it Must be given up.i So sacred did our fathers kola constitu; tionatrights 'that they placed 'them be yOrid the reach even of the. nia,iority of `Written people. ritten Constitritions are 'made not only - to carry out tbe wishes, but also to - restrain - the power of 'majorities, and to uphold and protect the rights: and. minorities. They- iveg the hmriblest citi sen the right of religions freemim against -the whole pair of our people.; No mat ter how large **Enmity may be, - it must not interfere with the rights , Of persons, of prop/hip, orrif-earisoience. . • , The President himself - teldii his -place not.by, the4eill.of-the majority, but by iirk Aue of the - provisions lef , -,the Cobstitution, which plicedbim in office by the votes or abont - -44300,0C0oskainat the votes r of about 2,809,990, wheilldiaotagret a ng t o them selves. as tiiiiiitibesing. card dates: Afis: continues rightfally to holdiiiii office, - al.', though thepopriler majorities, even in the States which placed him there, have in the recent electipris deelared them Selves po litically.6oMied. to' lila administration.-_The 'majorittare still bound to respectlisi sorietitutionalplighta r to uphold his pow-, ere,: and.ttiu -sustain: hig aetEV done within the-limits cerightfureithdrity: I ...L____ - _ - The righ4,e States Itere•rescri.yed.. and the powers Eddie general limited, te-protect the 'liar - pie in their /seri sons, property, and consmenilei in *Lei of danger-arickcivilootamoting. 1 There 18 little to fear in periods of peglearelpros% perity. If we are not protected`wheri there are popular excitements and Convul: sions, our government is a failure. If presidential proclamations are above the decisiontrg,the , courta arid' he 'restraints 'Of the ConEttliaten, thin = that *Conseitn don is a mockery. If it has not "the rau thority to keep the executive Within its restraints, then it cannot retain -States" within the Union. Those who hold that there is no sanity in - the Constitution, must equally hold that ;thereis no guilt in the rebellion,, ~ ,„ ~ - i i_= -We_ mind 16'14 identatie allow :thiiii practices to become precedents. Trtitsy:-7 as much in L'violation . 44 , taftr= - Cinistitution as the rebellion itself, atidino — rti "dangerous to our liberties. They hold out to the ex -eientive every- temptation of ambition to make and prolong war. They' offer des potic power aa a price for preventing peace. They are inducement to each administra tion to prodace discord and incite armed resistance to laws by declaring that the condition of war removes all constitution al restraints. They call about the nation al capital horiiee. gt, unprincipled men, who find in toe .Wre'ek of their country the opportuniwto.gratify avarice or ambition,, or personal political resentments.s• This theory m a t t the passion and, ambition of an adinnifinration antagonistic to the in terests and happiness got the people. I makes the restoration of peace the abdi- cation of . more•than regal authority in the hands:lif these to whom is Confided 'the government of our. country. ! Of the :same. nature ls the recent Proebk, oration of-EM a nCipatiOn. The President, has alreidi signed an act of Congress, : which asserts t ha t the slaves of:those. in: Velidlliod era Ciirillscate. 'The sole effect of this Probbintiation; thereferei is to de 'elaretheamancipation of slaves of those wheats' not in rebellion * and who are therefore loyal citizens. It i an extraor dinarYdeduetion from thealleged war pow er, that the - forfeiture of the right of loyal citizyns, and bringing upon theta the same puchshmilint imposed upon insurgents, is , calculated' to advance the success of the *sr, to uphold the Constitution and re , Stine the Union. The- class iof loyal city. Sens 'who; above all otherseare entitled to, thd.proteistion of the government are those , who remained true fel& flag - or our •edtinfspitli.dd Yet the, , tiote• - f-foiest of this proclamation is directed against then.---; May'aiiit this lifeasure,. so cliftrkv,impolit ic, unjust, and unconstittitional,and Ida it 'Caletdateditd create se maxo-liairiert_to the restoration of the Thiioni be bilged"... btrued by the world'se aliandonmfutt of the hope tor the 'purpose of reitOring it—a' result-to-which - the State of New York --is unalterably-opposed; and whih will be ef fectiodly- registed: - We must not Only support the Constitu tion ofthe 'United States and . maintain , the rights - of the- states hut we must restore 1 1 env - Union as it was before the autiF e elf of the war. The assbitioW ihailhis - Vat' Was thii:ynaveidable result of slavery is' -not only - efrobeiiiis butit hat ' dills 's — strond policy` in: -its prasecution. •-; i.. - cr.-opinion I that Slavery' mu it be alicilhdi l e, .te.sestore the Utiion - creates au antagonism between , the •fieelindVie Slave' Statei which ought not to-exist. If it is true that plaverymust be,abolisheilly - the'force of ii federal gov ernnietiMat the South must be held- in' milittif'shibleetii3n; that font millions: of riegroes'muiat for many years lieunderthe direct management of authorities Wash ington at the public expense; thee indeed i w ' tie moat endu r e Yield, eii 4 ur t further tbe drains w Q u p r i in ' 11. o'n our r . rope s - - ulation and stilt gr eater - litirddris •of -debt:. We must convert our government ,. into .a military despotism. The , mischievous opine ioitiliat in this . goateed . theorth mss , subjugate and de s troy the Senti to save ow ' :Union has _weakened - the hop of .bit-' izens at home and destioyed c nfulence in our success abroad. I '' ''''"- ' Tao Central and Wastrai States. It is a suggestive fact, affording instruc-' tion and hope for the future, that.tbe theories which have exercised: an, evil ;in on our national - politics did not originate in what may be called the heart of the Union among the intimate and well-acquainteil populations of the Central and Western States, where the States per mitting and forbidding slavery are in ac tual contact, nor in the portions traversed by the great East and West lines of com merce and intercourse. They I have been developed almost entirely in two sections comparatively isolated:by positicha, 'tradi tions, and peculiar habits ef thought,And least connected with the more lhomiigene oils mass ofourpeople. There have been extreme Northern views and extreme Southern views ; but also the more broader and more tolerant views of the morepop alone Central and Western States. These extend on both sides of that undulating boundary between - "slave" and "free' States, which is not a line of opposing opinions, but of intermingling interests. Their plains are interlocked by confluent :rivers, t And K _ :net dieided mountain ranges. These *States are - Of harmonizing views and sympathies. They are not only bound together by peculiar interests, but also by (strong reasons for resisting a division onthat boundary; which would make them - frontier ) States, which would replace their' cordial inter course by hostile relationships, ,and throw upon them all the greatest and sharpest evils of separation. Thus, while they do not share the passions - and prejudices of those extreme States which strove to en list them in the contest, they havemotives of the highest interest to restore the old order of things, and of the gravest appre hension from a separation. This war blights. and destroys the hopes and the happiness of this region, while the sec- Untie whoa epassions and interests kindled it are mainly remote from the terrible ant eying it has caused. The:Western and Central &Atte ed"waiagy in a war for, the; Union and COnstitntion. " The Morthein tier of "Slave States, " (except Eaitern ginia,) earnesty supported the govern ment in its policy , while it was consistent with this purposei which was known as the "Border Statepolici , ." Both. the ad ministration and Congress then declared their sole purpose to be to restore the Union and maintain the •Constitution. WherilliiiidriiinistratiOn abandoned this policy and took up the views of extreme. Northern States, it lost, at.the .late elec tions, nearly all the political support which the Central and Western States Afforded, in theelettions of 1860 and 1861. While the Northcionot hold the South.. - ern States in subjection irittiont destrzy , ing the principles of our . government, the great Central-and Western Stidits.esa con-: trol the two extreines: ' They Will not the views Of either"as safe !Odes in the ...conduct' of - public:4lSiirs. This is shown by the political history of our country during the past - four-years. When it was believed that the late adininisfra, tion was controlled• by the views : of the .13ulf States,-it lost its power in, the Cen • irel and -Western region. The; opposing party, to gain- public support, were obliged. to : repel;..hy . assurances And, resolOtione, .the . .olerim.,_thatilvey would inter* with slavery in tfieifitittes, and they dr:Opine:ed. I -ki uninstilif imputation ;tliiiltket4l4 1 the views of the` -alieliP.*64l.4lkr..upl:pirf, fiamii.,:liarthern section. Without o t ese led i thez_eorild not haie gained "pOlit: . 1 _Rower. ''.* . liiiiifie - (litaf Siatela riecildi4 the:4l4ll tirattliveStates, by large majorities, refi lied to act with them. They sought:Adz aytdd incimd.slivisionAy-the Peace COOfivipci held" iii...Washirigton. .Pnfortunately. the "kiiiiiiiiiitleeilers of the party whic h; _succeeded- at the election of 18614-..Cver , , 40 - okingthe fact that this was done by the vote of about - I,Boo,oooasainsta divided opposition of about.2,Boo,ooo . orvicted all tern* of compromise and conciliation as inkorisistent with- , the results of the •elec koni, and attempted to govern and control . Ind convulsed country *Tied). k • 4-opinions. and sentiments of-a-Wu , 04 24on in tli i mgc; ft ex t i f ti w i r ei in ta r . olv ir e h d e or ta w te h s o o lei Delaware, Maryland, lienbiciry, st d Idis' souri, and the Weetacnpart,of Virginia, adhered to the Union. The ;.. . lie then avowed by the administrati. ; - . 1 ,;, &bid by Congress, as to the object:Of .if-ki*, gave to the administration:Orhhelming majorities at the -election of1861;: ; in all the loyal States. All engaged hopefully and unitedly in the work of upholdingwat Constitution and of _restoring_ our -WA - on" to its former.condition.--- Whenthis . -- Proli4 was changed audit adidfitedirithrbirits of the extreme-NOrtherd'Statesrli: earded thosci.iiPhe.Alential, aid Western States, a- renoxkiblit iitilitiCaT revolution was the result, Extremes Will not Prevail.' It has been assumed - that this war will end in .the• ascendancy of the Views efone. of the , extremes of our countrY. - *Fidler , willprevail, for neither can Command the support of the.majority of the American people: The'great Central and: Western States, which• have the largest shhre of the Population and resources _of our country, liana accept of either class of purposes This is the- significante of the late. eleo-, tions. Their deterdination ie to: -defend the rights of States and the-righti of in dividuals, and to restore our Union as it was. It willhe restored by. the Central and' WesterhStates, both 'free and slave, who are exempt from the violiint, : paisions which bear control at•the extt'emes. ai f_lietlall of that the prejudices tiveet.Northern and Southern .States•are net held on' the line of 'ethitiat,,hut in_ the sections most remote froth'eadh, other t and separated hj-the great controlling *.regioils And resources of the country.t Theie of the central slave States whichirejectedthh erdinanCeef secession , *hie . sought 40 remain-fir the Union, and which were_ driven off by a contemptuous, tincomplici;' mixing policy, must be broughl, back. The restoration,of the, whole Union will then be only thetvork time, *at, guch ex ertibn 'Of poWer as'can be put :firth - with. out needlessly sacrificing , the" lifer'tind treasure bf the North in' 'a labody and calamitoits - contest. =We mug not wear out the lives of our soldiers, _nor exbanst the earnings pf labor, ends,by o wig for ' nnoer or to' arry out Vagee'iliebries: 'The Policy :of:subjugation and extermintP tionmeaniveefonly the 4lestrdotion of the lives and property of the litouth,but -also the - mute ofthe -blood' taultreasure of the North. - --The. exertion zsof “anned - power .nituit accompanied-by a-fiiml-and.- eon dilatory; policy:to restore our Union with therliast possible injury to both ,sections., . To. make this Union , Neivi-Ybrk - eni up a vast and rightful political "'power the Senate.- It has proved a greater blessing than the:meat -hopeful expetteil. -To saya it-we htive:inadegreat sacrifices CI blood and= treasure; its not elaii - iVertli `a sacri= Tice of paasion ? Shall we' -legit be'torn to gmentaLwithout one. tontillatory - effort tol-presernsit?-••• , , v.A4iftiSittients of liiteigats, tit - the South WhO raWlsele - roicisp - k jq..breitk down - our national Chriatitution - end - Vdini, and t'rr Mitz:t3 ,o confederaciee t kKerlooklhe fact that each, of these it would:be more diffibult - Wadjust conflicting interests and State representations than in our existing Union. , The - Vast extent ef , our conntrpin and -varied_ prodnctions"Juld pip-suites, have, relieved _antagonismjletween com- , mercial, manufacturing, anditgriculturing interegs. They giveto each great fieldi for prosperous pursuits. piedheirig States of the West are pilt 'off frod- the markets of the South they will demand a free trade policy which Open to them the markets of the world ) and even these Will not make good the loss. t They will not . give up their peculiar adVantages of raising grain and cattle fniother pursuits; and the markets of the Eastern States and Europe are not equal to Western pro ductions. The past two "yeara have shown' this. With an unusual Europion call for breadstnffs and provisions, with . a vast consumption of these articles by our American armies, there is a great section of the West where the prices do not pay for their production. There is bankruptcy and financial distress in the, midst -of abundant harvests and a waste ot upgath-- ered grain at a time of the largest expor tation of agricultural products in the - his , tarps( our coutittl.;:t , =Reihicieg • the ,!teet of carryihg -then° Trodnetir:Vill , notctire this trouble. , Opening the lAiesissippi, as a way to the markets of-the World, will not overcome this evil. The cotton raised on the Mississippi is the joint pro duct of the provisions of the North.and. the labor of the South. The peopleof the West must have the marketsef the South : western States to bring back their pros- perity. They.must be reunited, politically, - socially, and commercially to the valley of the lower Mississippi. Their grain , and provisions must be converted-into cotton s , and in this form carried profitably to the Eastern and European ports. When they have thus gained the returns' for their , labor, they will once more become th supporters of our commerce. To recto thuisreat region to its former. proSperi t , and to regain for ourselves its eons '.g trade, the lower _valley of the Mississippi mad be brought back into the Union.; it mast be brought back, too, withSll - its ments of production and wealth snim= paired, with all the advantaged of local self-government; not a devastated and ruined. territory, 'under a blighting, _de basing military control. So closely are the upper and lower *al leys of the Mississippiound together by interest that When .0044 38 burned in Louisiana, 'lndian corn is used as fuel in Illinois. The rain of the -Southern consu mer brings bankruptcy uponthe Northern producer. When the capacitq of the one to buy annihilated, the ability of the other to produce is weakened, or destroy- 1 ed. This single instance, from -many equally shows that neither in . a Northern or Southern Union can the , con-,, flietintintereata of Ogricultiiie;:pommerce, and manufactures be Added: Political Intyratta, ate. "The diviiion of our Union intotwo or more confederacies would . reopen in each, those questions of distribution of power and relationship between States which' were settled by our national:Constitution. 'Even now, the centralization of Dower , and patronage at the national "capital cau ses uneasiness in •those States - which now are, or soon will become, the most popti-1 lone. The Senate can -prevent this pas ;sag or repeal . offaws" by , the - Hens% which r e liPpresents the'popniar ~ and at thii same time can - control the power of the executivehy rejecting treaties' formed or nominations made by the President. -At this time it assumes to dictate the organi zation of the executive department. This _body also has the advantage of longer tenure of of office, while it is :farther moved from popular control. -It7is in this powerful branch ofgoverninent that:Stites have an equal representation, without re gard to population,. So longAn all the States of our present 'Union were represented in Congress, this Ondency was checked by the existence of States with small populations, distrib: rated in different. sections. of our 'county,' and-somewhat _ equally among the agri? enlitira - ,.. commercial and manufacturing reilines. Hitherto, no injurious or irri tating results have been caused. A di vision of the Union, or the disfranchise -dent. of the Southern;Statei by putting thetn.back into the condition, of mere ter ritories, or a representation dictated by the militai7 power of govennnent, would make inevitable:a readjustment bf polit ical poWer. 'lf the Southern States are cut-off.or disfranchised, every map of our country will conatantly_suggest this to the 'public mind. In tho Northern Union the ' , group of eixhuirdl New' England States, with New Jersey and Delaware, lying. on - the Atlantic coast, far removed from the Ventral and Western sections of ou i Olin*, with united pciptilationr - - Only about equal to' that of this ,Siate,werald -balance, in thecditrolling branch of the national legislature,' the great producing Stated of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Vol. XX•4•Eittablished 1.1942• Indianar Illinois --- -Micigan, Wisconsin andiewa. -In a Lai -fears, each of these tates will-laver populations 'greater than that of all - New-England.. : . _This disparity of PiditiCal power would be increased by 'the fact that the population and purseits of ' New: Englang, confined' within very limited.,boupdanes,:have the unifornfity of one _community while, the larger Statia have ; diversified and - distinctive per 'suits to -prevent them 'from acting so readily in.concert. • • The danger of controversy would be in creased by our vast national : debt. This, mainly by a few Atlantic States, di vides-our country into - the perilous section. al - relatituti of debtor.and creditor regions. The ownership, of this,.debt - ;cannot be dif% fased".oier Our country co that the same comini'iaities which - pay tax - dii will receive incoinetr , 'The incidental' a* anteges of protective.tariffs gro?ing. out of this debt !could -hi largely, gatatd,hy-„the creditor. Stalea,:lihioh. also enjoy- this dispropor tiiiiiiite-- Shire' of" Politicia - Power. The great.producifig"Stittestionldhe compelled t1:1: 4 7• 6 heavY:tazation to ;.other.commit mites at. a_ time when the, division of our Union Would:deprive the* of their most profitable ntarkete; andliesioyduties would tend to. diminish the;demands of foreign gauntries- fca,their -productions. No one Call - locilOpiward to anch :agitations and *Schindel:is' Withoutthe,deepest concern. '; The - tin/111er • Static' grouped upon the 1 shores:of-the Atlekritiej were all . original parties : ollm ConstitutiOn•They are glo riously.asseeilted Iva the history of the revolutionary 'kindle. - The bear naves that are-lionered; [indium - Memories that are-clierishedin every_:part-of the land.— •They.most-net, - through thefolly of blind r and bigoted - leithini,:kise the : great special lotting libigers' - whidi 'are InveiktO them . __,7 Ake; compromises - Of the thmstitution:-- They ' must not: sufferzliati instrument, which.seenres to theq_pequlitir advents .geii., ISTlie - *likened or, destroyed. - ii*tiiiitoninni:itelteautred. - I - There is but iiie 2 WaY l ,l(i:'iiiive us from :demoralization, *Baird iiiiir---' - repudiation. f,tur ,llalen.Must be restored,:complete in all its- parts.. No section-ninst be *sop tiAea:bikifda the unavoidable riecessi 'iif-Wer: - All mast - he - Made to feel thatthelitightvisikitiflVel'ati making to save.outsVoleetarstatirtmlated by a pur posolo ,r4itOro Peat - 4 prosperity and hap :purees to. every section. - Thiii : iiiiii rit'areriviliiii4Oreased when the public and energies' re concen tratedapoeuthe patrii?ticigenerons pur pose to restore. our - Unionfopthe common good of 141,1 - .4Actioiia._ If cannot' be so -uiiiia.ipon.,:apy biosily k i: any barbarous aitYreirOntiiinifiry, or any a uconstitnti onal scheme, leaking - merety to the gratifica tion of hatred or purposes of party am bition or.sectional advantage. Every ex ertion ofp - Ower, every influence of persua don' every Measure ofreconciliation, must hi , nled to restore this Union•to its former ,condition. ...Let net one demand that the blood.of: hie neighbor .shall. ho shed; that the 'fititti of Abe - lab - or of Ouititizen shall be eaten ap by tailititin,'totaia this end, and - theirefttsetegiiir up Ids own pas -8:40/8, or, to modify his.:own, opinions, to save oar zolinia7 and tcr_step . „ the fearful Waste we now Making OUtreasure and of life. - Let notne think - that the people who have refined toyieldthis Union tore bellion at the South will permit its restore tion to be preventedhy fantiscism at the South. . . Conelusion. ' , . The 'invading- sentiment - of the great Controlling 'sections=-of =our country will not , ottjy ; stimit.oer Union,-butit will do so is}tk,mxyllarroopizinti74k VNAW • our institutions, the Alf bar A pws and the letter and spirit of'prir Contain"- • tion; foreseeing - that' events would render it necessary for the people of:the several States not only. thus AdOrqs our gov; • erntnent buf also to _product, it concert of purpose and action' tbetweeis different • communities, provided.-in • the Constitu— tion,"tbat:Congross.shoubt Make no law I abridginithe freedom of speech or of the • '; press, - or the right of the peojde peaceably to assemble- and to petition - the govern- 'ment for...a redress ofjpnevences." Our pyasent alarming condition naturally balli-foranch ea cession of public opinion With respect to the ihjecte of this war, and :the mid - - foe which t eh - Mild bee conducted, and the end for whichit should be waged. 3Therethepublic will is elently expressed it must - lie recognized and - respected by gov eitinent.- It ivill'alsO make itself effect ive in• our -frettnently-rieeurring elecdons which peactifellt but.itapidl3%.form a body of, government m harmony with its purpo. ses. It Whims - Ca.congressional . tion, or it may lead to commiktiou of the States. -•- - The condition of our country' is not hopeless, unless it is made so by passions and Pile:idiom which *ineonsistent with the`government of it great botuttry. This war,mith:leas; taught us great truths, which r if accepted:by- our people, will_Elsie the future • refationaof the var ious sections Of ourfUitioili 'on the' firmest basis. It has Made its knoV-the value of the , Unioa itifelf, not.. only irronr internal, but is our foreign relations,- It, has given us a ciitiffom - and knoiledge ag.,each other which'hid we r posiatuiettearliermouldt ave averted laistent adantities: If the interest laf:diffisient 'sections of oar country .are conflkain in-some res pects, they are so balanc ed and adjusted by nature that there is an „irrepressible tendency- to inter c ourse ; himootty, and union. This tendency must; in the end, overcome mutual _rothapprehension. Wo haviialsakarne4 the great mutual strength 'of-the-North and of - the South, and amid all the bitterness of feeling engendered by :the war each section has been. taught to respect the power, resources, and courage of the other. We meat accept the contrition of affairs as they stand. At this moment the for tunes of our cotattry at'n influenced by the results of battles: Onfatiaies in the field must be _imPported ralfconstitutional mandcr of - our_ general goVertment must bepromptly responded -w k .- But war alone will not _sit% the Union. The - rule of action widcluiri Mied to put down ma ordinary insurrection'is not ap plicable to a wide-spread armed resistance of great communities;;-; mere weak ness and folly to shut our „eyes to this Under no circituisttinceiliiithe division of ,tha Union he coniieded. --- -We will, put forth every 7: exertion •of 'ewer. We will pat forth every , . exertion of , power, we will use every policy : of we will hold out every in ducement to the peo pleof-the South - to: return' to their'' allegi ance, consistent Itililli_henor; - • wewill gear rantee theta every right,. every considers tion 'demanded by the OiMititetion ; bat we can never voluntarily consent to the breaking up of ‘theUniewof these States, or the destruction. of these. Constitution. Humbli acknowledging our dependence upon Almighty God; and relenting our pride, ;ingratitude, and' disobedience, let uspray that bur minds. may • be inspired-- with the wisdon, the. ringtmnimity, the faith and.charity which will enable us to save our country. • Hoitlenci Eirnrois. Albany, An. 7th,a868:. "Wfiyaredainea etociangs like dead men? Because they are mended. :r+~;C.^=.,yskj?i:'r:e~cs<.~s`C3n` ~~
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers