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Prom and after this date the terms of the Daily Post will be six dollar per year in ad vance, and totfuisbrijferaJjy jh<, 12 cenu InBto&d of 10as heretofore. This is the pric' ohargedibrthe.Oorett* and other papers of the same class as the Post. We need not say that the Post Is worth this -price—its readers know that, and we knowj-kat in justice to ourselves we cannot furnish it for leas. V * •* ‘ > * -i THE MATEHIAX FOR OFFICER*. It is of the utmost importance to the fu ture safety, welfare and success of our vol unteer regimen Is, that they should be prop ■erly officered It is not every one who aspires to command a regiment that is fit to ... do so. The soldiers of a regiment, if they are wise, will not select their regimental of ficers on the ground that they are “first rate clever fellows, ” generous, brave and patri otic. These qualities are indispenaible, but officers must also be men who have the re spect and confidence of their Boldiers in all matters which require care, judgement and military ability. They mnst be sharp of eye,quicS of decision and of ready rescourses. There are' men whose previous avocations and habits of life render them eminently tit to oommand ; men of administrative abili ty, and who have been accustomed to direct important matters—to control men placed under them, and to take charge of and be responsible for the lives and prosperity of many persons. The habits acquired in cer tain positions where orders have to bo giv en and obeyed promptly, are valuable in a military point of view. The conductor of a railroad train, tor instance, gives his order, “.all, aboard, ” a word and a wave of the hand is at once obeyed by the officials un- V I.* w- . t, i. der him, and everything in the routine of his duty is done with military promptness and exactness. The habits ot command amoved in sqoh positions as this are most valuable in a commanding officer of a mili- tary force. Such a man first knows his du ties; he has confidence in himself: and those under him have confidence in biß sagacity, prudence, foresight and ability to carry them through difficulties and dangers of all kinds. The great advantage which such men possess over others, is that they are disapUruirums. Men too, who }iave seen service, are man ifestly better fitted for positions of command than those who have not. They know how to treat men in camp or field. They know what is necessary for their welfare, and they know in what?the neW recruit requires to be instrue.tod.and in what his previous habits ofTite ought to Vie restricted. Where men of the character and acquire ments such as we speak of can be obtained as officers of regiments, the soldiers are do ing themselves, their comrades and the glo rious cause in which they are engaged, an irreparable wrong byjnot electing them. To make good soldiers, thorough disoi pline is necessary, and to make effective ones, the greatest care must be token that they '-are well provisioned, well clothed, well protected, and checked in all disposi tion to expose themselves unnecessarily, or to injure their [lowers of oqdursnce by ex oeeeesof anv kind. Officers must be men of courage, temper and disciplinary ability to bring their men np to ihe standard of perfection. The stand ard of qualification should be the standard by which a regiment should select j their offi cers. It is the next thing to suicide tor a regiment to select an unfit officer merely because of his personal popularity. The personal courage and bravery of those who have volunteered to serve their country in this conflict is a glorious prestige of success. of every man is with the cause and -there will be no backing down. But an intelligent, competent and skillful com mander, is an absolute neoeesity to secure that unanimity and power of action, that thorough provision for and care of men, that thorough discipline which can alone re o der a regiment at once conscious of its power, able to perform all its duties, and moat reliable on the field of battle. Tins is no holiday service which the brave men of Pennsylvania have entered upon, and let them not entrust their own lives and the great results to which they have devoted those lives, in the hands of incompetent offi cers. Between General Cameron, Secretary of War, and Governor Curtin, a very import ant telegraphic correspondence has taken place on the subject of changing the tenure of those who have enlisted for three month* to three years, or during the war. In the present position of affaire, and as the crisis is developed, the War Department finds that the tenure of three months will be of Httle service to the Government, if the regiments thus formed are to be disbanded at the end of that period, and the govern ment consequently left without the support of an adequate army at the commencement of the proper season for operations at the South. We understand, in faot, that Gen. Cameron was donbtfnl of the practical uses ,of the three months enlistment, justly al- it would require almost that titne to organize, equip, and render profi cient any roroe of raw reoruits—and since it has become the policy of the government to posh this war in the most vigorous man ner to as speedy a ooDoluaion as possible, it most be supported by the people in a like vigorous and confident manner’ ... In order to secure the sneoess of the ten- T ( JWP of enlistment fixed npon by the War JJejtfrUnent, Gov. Curtin has issued the fel jOTrtrig circular letter to the Colonels of reg iments. _ There can be no doubt that the res ponse will realize all that is expected by fthe federal government from the citizen soldiery pf Pennrylvania: i ®|iVT have been requested by the Secretary .cf\Wa* to let the regiment* now In the ser vioe-ofrthe State, know that it is “ preferred to- have all the regiment*'already mustered' into service for three month*, which are no| ac tnally aent forward, re-mmtored into service for three year* or during the war, should they be willing to do»o. ” I therefore deem it proper to direct that you immediately ascer tain that preference of your regiment upon tht. question, and communicate the result forthwith to me. Those who do not desire to re-enllst for.this additional period, can be formed into?- regi« menu, or have such arrangements made 1 ' as to enable them to retire with honor, in accor dance with their enlistment. I capnot., refrain fjom saying jthat. it would afford jpe pleasure to see the regimen t*to additional dunce of con tinned devotion to their cottniry; ’ Very respectfully your*; i A. G. OUBTIM, Governor and Commander-in-Chief, I •’ ' * \ . sJ ~- ■» . Important Correspondence 1* /, l z£ £<-1-4 Theregare hlwayjl in~fevery community] professhgjil p&pMnerk: It' is «ksier to find ftaflith’hn to tsliO. hold and do the •v* * v* '■ - "*wi. i work yourself. The local reporters of newß-. papers are, unfortunately tor the public, a ready medium for promulgating unnecessa ry and unjust complaints. The community here had supposed that the very high character of the gentlemen appointed as a committee to distribute relief to the families of volunteers, who might need it, was an ample and sufficient guar antee, that such funds as came into their hands would be distributed with the utmost justice, fairness and propriety. But we are sorry to observe that complaints have ap peared in the local department of public newspapers qf this city, which are entirely unjust, and the tendency of which is to do a serious injury to the generous efforts which are being made for the relief of such of the lamilies of the volunteers as may need it. r:MAT- 11, We are quite familiar with the action of this committee, and know the character of the gentlemen who compose it, and in the ■estimation of all who know them, their ac tion will be sustained without reference to the opinions of either newspaper editors or reporters. ' The object of this fund seems to be mis understood. it is not intended-to place the 'families of volunteers in a better pecuniary ■condition than they were before their heads jleft for the war. It is not intended to main jtain those who are able to maintain them selves. It is intended to relieve those who are deprived ot their means ot Bupport by 'the absence of the male members of their families. j The number of applications for relief is {large, and the sums which those applying ■think they ought to receive, are entirely be yond the reach of the resources placed at the disposal of the Committee. These unjust and irticalled for complaints in the newspapers prevent the libera! pub lic from making their contributions, and furnish an exruse for a certaiu class to with hold their aid. As yet, this Committee have a very small [amount in their hands. The collecting com imittees seem to find it easier in some of the wards to hunt out subjects for relief and send them to the Committee, than to raise funds for the > Committee's disposal. The Committee are acting with wisdom, caution and proper prudence, in the disj-o sitton of the funds placed in their handß. {They are gentlemen who are able and wil j lmg.to devote their time and services to the public gratuitously, and to their judg ment the citizens are willing to leave the whole matter, it is a sacred trust which {they have undertaken and it will require ; thousands of dollars per week to prevent destitution among those who are left lie hind, and coingilaini* based U)siii the re(>- resentationa of those who are nut destitute, should never be permitted to form the basis of newspaper articles. GOVERNOR’* MERsAI.E, W'e invite especial attention to the mes sage of Governor Curtin which we publish to-day. It is clear and satisfactory on the subjects of whioh it treats. While it is cer tainly proper that the Legislature should place every requisite safeguard over the ex penditure of the public money, the people at the same time expect of this body prompt action, and such action as will facilitate and sustain the arrangement entered into by the Secretary of War, himself a Pennsylvanian, and the Governor, for the purpose of giving the whole fitHtce of Pennsylvania to cruali oat this rebellion. The men whom the Governor has called to his aid in this moat important business, are the right men in the nght place. He has avoided political partisanship in their selection, and while the Legislature does its whole duty to the people of the .Stale and the cause of the country, its action should, in no degree, be influenced by personal feeling,or grounded on false,and at this time, unimportant issues, or tinctured with cap tiousuesa or disappointment. In its present business the Legislature must act for the people, the country and the cause—not for partizan feeling nor the personal considera tion of any man. CiOV. S. W. BI.ACK. The following extract from a letter from Gov. Block, of Nebraska, shows Lhat his heart is with his country and his love for his old comrades is sts strong as ever: “I am detained here by the non-arrival of my successor. Tou may imagine that It goes hard with me to be here, or anywhere but there, when “The Greys,” and “The Bcott Le gion,” and "The B)ues”are again mustering or marching to the field. Gov. Sanders will be along in the course of a few days, and 1 will then start direct for Pittsburgh.” The most mischievous doctrine of the r.res. ent day is the famous Calhoun theory of Stale Bights. It has misled more Southern men from the flag of the country, and Induced more resignations among army and navy n«- cers bailing from the slave States, than all the preaching of all the orators on the wrong side of the questions The unanimity of the twenty loyal States (n supporting the Government is a proud assurance that this perverted idea of the doctrine of State Bights has effectually psrilhed, at least so far as they are concerned until South Carollnacan establish her sense of the alleged injuries received by the South at the hands of the majority of the American peo ple, into an invasion of what is flippantly call ed Statqjiights, there is pot a northern states man whowlll not disregard her counsels and laugh at her example. Our understanding of State Bights is a far different one. When the General Government ceases to protect the in terests of all the Stales, and discriminates in favor of one to the exclusion of another mem» her cf the Confederacy, then it is woll to fall back upon our reserved franchises, and to as. sert onr independence at every hazard. But no such complaint can Justly be made by the South. As Judgo Douglas said in his! splendid speech at Chicago, on the Ist of May, “ there has not been a day, from the time i when George Washington was inaugurated as the first President of the United States down to this moment, when .the rights of the South ern States stood firmer under the laws of the land than they do ” And yet we see ■ ofheers of the army and navy, and other branches of the public service, throwing up their commissions, aDd taking arms against a Government they were sworn to support, be cause South Carolina, and a few other Com. monwealths, insist upon asserting that the South has been interfered with by the North 1 When a citizen takes an oath to support the Constitution, he acknowledges his allegiance to the whole country, and the Government there of ; and whether he takes this oath in Virginia or in Maine; whether he takes it aa a repre" sentative of the people, or as a public servant in an executive or administrative capacity, or as an adopted citizen, bis first obligation is to the entire Government, to the laws made by Congress. All other pledges anil oaths are in ferior and subordinate. When General Soott was appealed to by the Secessionists to add hie brilliant refutation. to. their daik conspiracy, his answer was, “ I am a citizen of the United states, I owe. every obligation, to the United Stater, and I will contend for thCUnitetf State* against any single member of the Union taking up arms against the General Goverriideht, even Iftfjat member should be Virginia herself.”— Wecommend this frank and expliolt construc tion of State Bights -to those who have*been misled by the Calhoun South Carolina reading of it. —Philadelphia Pree* . 3*: Bute Rights, WAR NEWS. If . * 'Che special telegrams to \hoCjfynicUo last evening, furnish the itftos : S _ Nearly four thousand which were Stationed about Perrysville, are-iiow in BjfcHf more. Ihd leading Secessionists continue their stampede by hundreds towards Harper's Ferry and other Virginia Points, Our troops have gone tLrough Baltimore in perfect peace, and the United States camp at the Belay House has been and is now being visited by thousands of the Baltimore Union ists. No leas than nineteen regiments, in addition to those previously ordered, are commanded forward, and are en route for the Relay House, and for Washington, General Patterson has advanced bis occu pancy of the Pilhadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Road as far as Bush river, where a detachment of the Philadelphia City Guards protect the reconstruction of the burnt bridges. General Patterson’s command exceeds fif teen thousand men, all fully armed and suita bly equipped, who are advancing by four routes; Ist, via Perrysville and Annapolis; 2d, by the Philadelphia and Baltimore Railroad . 3d, by the Northern Central Road from Har risburg, and 4th, by the Ohambersburg, Hagerstown and Frederick Road. The last three montioned roads converge at but the Perrysville and Annapoliß military route avoids the necessity of the transportion of munitions, stores, , through Baltimore. These, for the most part, come by tbe part rail and part water military route, as tho cheapest and most convenient at present. A Washington dispatch to the N. V. Times of Friday morning, says that ‘-Hanford, tbe Agent of Adams’ Express, has arrived there from New York, under suitable escort, with seven hundred thousand dollars io specie for the Government. The United States Treasury has now most ample means in specie They havo between two and three million secured io the vaults.— Offers of loans to any extent have been receiv ed. Tbe offers already exceed fifty millions, all nearly at par, and some fully up. “Tbe agent informs me that the whole line of tho military rouLe from Washington via Annapolis and Perrysville bears a decidedly warlike aspect. The railroad cars and trans port vessels in either direction are filled with soldiers. ” “The line of road, as far as Wilmington, Del., exhibits a continuous succession of mili- tary encampments. Travelers along tbe route assert that nowhere can they escape the sight of military movement and displays, and the bearing of the tattoo of tbe drum. " fcThe london Times, of April 27th, expreaseo araazo ment that no ono was Killed at tbe Fort Sumter bombardment. It says tbe bombard ment was merely such a spectacle a* the Cock neys witness at the Comorno Gardens. It proceeds to say that if war really occurs, the North has the army, navy, money and pres tige, while the Sooth bason its tide enthusi asm and forwardness. It closes by expressing ignoranco of Presi dent Lincoln’* policy, and ignorance as to the result of war. li thinks that the condition of Washington l »iy now occupies more ot the world's attention than does Ivoimi. The London Daily AVn-« thinks Lhat the se cessionists, having destroyed the greatness ol unity and the prosperity of tboir country, il only remained f*-r them to destroy it* peace and this was an ea*y matter A privateer was captured yesterday at the mouth of the (/boaapeake by the Harriet Lane. All tho crew with the exception of two escaped in .heatup* boats. A gentleman who has reached Philadelphia from Greensboro, N. C\, after a tedious jonr ney of six days, informed tho editor of the Philadelphia Bulletin that there are, proaably, 30,1100 mon in arms at this time in North Car olina, drilling nigbL and day, and they com prise the dower of the population. The State is considered virtually out of tbe Union now and will be formally ao, upon the assembling of its convention. Tbe gentleman found himself compelled to remain in Richmond last Sunday. He re {>orts large numbers of troops from vari ous points of the South congregated there, and others arriving with each train. They are under constant exercise and are drilled In small squads by experienced officers. Resist ance to the bitter end seemed the prevailing expression among these troops, as our infor mant passed through the camp ; but he beard little said of the contemplated raid on Wash ington. All expect that France, and perhaps Ragland, with that power, wnl eventually throw the weight of their vast resources into the Southern cause ; and one officer was heard to remark in this connection, that “Jeff. Da* vis knew upon whom to build bis future hopes.” He declares it exceedingly unwise to under* value the forces and spirit of tbe rebels, he feels assured of their resistance to the last. The New York Herald learns that the Con federate troops at Pensacola, numbering prob ably 10,000 men, are to be withdrawn from their location round Fort Pickens, and march* ed to the North. This confirms the intelli gence which we previously published, that an attack on Fort Pickens was abandoned. It is stated that all tbe volunteers from the extreme South are first ordered into quarters at Mont gomery, and despatched from thonce to the different rendezvous farther North. Governor Dennison, of Ohio, has called for 100,000 more volunteers, to be apportioned among the several counties of the State, and to he placed in a military condition for any emergency. in orded te supply the want of offioers for the regular army, the first class of the West P.nnt Cadets have graduated h month earlier than the usual timo, and have been sent on to Washington, and tbe second class areadvancod for gradu&ti&n. Fifteen huudred men arrived at Perryville on Wednesday evening Cmm Philadelphia, Consist!! g of the ti r.L Ivamu retruneni, under Cul. Vatterson, and .Sherman's artillery, with ono hu. dred aud filty horses, the whole force being Inacompleto (tale of efficiency. Immense quantities of stores and provisions have been Bent on to Washington from Havro do Grace. At Cairo thoro is a force of 4,890 troops now stationed under General Swift. Strong batte ries are erected on and behind the levees which command both rivers, and the difficulty of lauding troops on tlwswampy grounds around that post is so great that Cairo may be consid ered safe from any attack by the Southern troops. Heretofore steamers laden with pro visions were permitted to pass down thej Mis sissippi; but Secretary Chase has issued orders to ail the Western collectors to grant no more clearances to steamboats going to the rebel States, to search every vessel going South and seize all munitions of war and provisions in tended for any State on the Mississippi, except Kentucky and Missouri. We not at ■allstifprfeed'fit the message of GovernorTrfagofim, of itentuqkj, recom mending secession. liishreaqheroua course for the last few manthftluffileft.USjnjo ground for astonishment A fit heart, he has atJast proclaimedhis trneseatitaentfi. iSfhe 1 State of Henry Clay was never nearer rain. Will those who revere his memory not save from destruotien '! it was necessary that tor in as ter General Hale should transfer the largest and most ex* tensive of bis operations to the city of Fhila deipbia, and for that purpose bo opened an of fice in that city, lie was furnished with rx>ms rent free by Singleton A. Mercer, Ksq , Frvs ideot of the Farmers and Mechanics’ Bank, and, as fully sot out tn l * retort, accepted the voluntary service of & number of patriotic gentlemen, whom, bv their names, he has properly commended. During the time ho was in Philadelphia he was, from necessity, discharging the duties of Commissary in that city, as well as those of his own office. 1 am happy to say that the transactions of that Department are fully before you in the report of General Hale; and bearing in mind the necessity for immediate action and the ab sence of previous organisation, 1 cannot too highly oommend the conduct of those patriotic gentlemon who left their private affairs and devoted all their time and energies to the ser vice of the State. No arrangement has yet beeu made to corn* pen sate the gentlemen referred to. Many of them refuse to receive any compensation. Borne of them ought to be reasonably paid for their services, and if I have the power, compensa tion will be made to them. In answer to interrogatories which i put to the Secretary of War, and which answers were contained in a former message to you, 1 learn* ed from the War Department of the United States that the accounts of the Commissionary and (Quarter Master’s department of this State would be mainly reimbursed by the United States Government. To a large extent these claims have been already formally recognized by the officers of the National Government. And the accounts have been, and will be so kept, and audited, as to establish their validity beyond all question. 1 deem it proper to communicate at this timo to the Legislature, as no opportunity may bo afforded, the fact that the Cincinnati Socioty of Pennsylvania have sent me a check for five hundred dollars,to be used towards arming and equipping the volunteers of Pennsylvania. It is proper that some official notice should be Uken of Ibis patriotic munificence; and if it should be the plea»ure of the Legislature, 1 will b® much pleased to be directed In its ap propriation. I take this occasion to say that the period ot time has arrived tor prompt and decisive ac tion; and the Government should be equal in aJaprity and seal to the spirit which animates the people, We are now called upon to meet the most causeless and Wonderfhl conspiracy recorded in history; In the name of Constitu tional liberty and for , the progress of civiliza tion and Christianity, this groat people are to vindicate before tho world that our government has inherent strength for its own perpetuity, and that we have the power and tho will to transmit to posterity its blessings. The unity of the millions of our free and loyal people, pro-, sents to the world a fact without a parallel in moral sublimity and devoted patriotism in tho history of the past or the present. Let us all act in harmony, and so administer this Stato Government* that dur-bfavo poop la may go to the field organized, armed and equipped, and in such numbers as to assure tho speedy over throw of this altrocious conspiracy and rebel lion, and tho condign punishment of the guil ty; anil may we by prompt and courageous ac tion avoid the culpability of sending companies to the field without that full preparation Which the future will inevitably require. Gentlemen, you represent a loyal constitu ency; you are called upon to legislate in a try ing emergency for the State whose history is without staiD; our ann&lß and our traditions exhibit rich and rare examples of true Chris tian heroism, and leaving tho honor of the Stale in your hands, I pledge to you the full performance of every duty imposed upon mo by the Constitution and the laws. A. G. CURTIN. UAKjtyoET, J£y. t May 10.—Messengers ar~ sived here this morning from Owen county l stating that three or four hundred negroee,who were armed and formed into a company were committing depredations upon the whites who undertook to disarm them. Severl ’were killed. The Governor sent General Buckner to ascertain the truth of the matter, but he has not yet returned. The military are in readi- QQ6& May 10.—The stearnerllPembroke salfed this morning for Portress Monroe, with reinforcements of troops, heavy armaments and a large quantity of elnathing, provisions and war munition* * ■>*• — - ;ii r " ■*•■* &■; • 1 -tltk ■- -L... t ’ » ; j GpVpRNOR’B j| TBs fpllowlng Qov&’tifpr in response to tie ac&bcopaiiyingf resolution, was ifoliverid to tie Legislature, Wednesday, May P. lMl: .> ' Ex ECUTiYi CIIAMBKR, ) Harrisburg, May 8. 1861. j To Die Senate a?id Douse of Representatives of the CvuimojiioeaUh uf Pennsylvania : Gentlemen: Ireceiyedy our resolution cfthe bird of May, of which the following is a copy r on Monday afternoon at five o’clock : In the House of Representatives .Fru>ay, May 3, 18fil, Resolved, That the Governor be requested to inform this House how much of the moneys appropriated by the Act of 12th April, 18G1, for the purpose of organizing, equipping and provisioning the militia of this State, has been actually disbursed, and bow.&nd in what mao*, nerthe same has been expended, what con* traots, if ’ any, have been mide, with whom made, through what agencies, for what arti cles of supply, in what quantities, and at what prices, and also what number of public agents has been appointed in connection with the Quarter-Master or Commissary’s Department established by the said Act for the purpose of carrying out tha;objects thereof, and who arc the persons so appointed. Extract from the Journal. E. H. BAUCH, t'Urk To which I have the honor to reply. I recognize, to its fullest extent, at all times the neceasity of prompt and satisfactory answers of all departments of the government to the requirements of the representatives of the peo ple; and especially where they are entrusted with the disbursement of public money. When the call was mado upon Pennsylvania to arm a part of her people in the service of the General Government, to meet a sudden and extraordinary emergency, we had not such an organization of our military force as was ready to answer a call into active service. Your reso lution of inquiry comes to rar, when all the de partments of the government, and all persons called into its service, are entirely engaged in the organization and equipment of the quota of militia from Pennsylvania under the requisition of the General Government. In answer to your interrogatory as to what agencies have been employed, 1 have the honor to reply that I appointed K M.. Biddle Ailju tant General, B. C. Hale, Quarter Master Gen eral, and Wm. W. Irwin, Commissary Oeo eral; and that all purchases and disbursements have been mado through their various Depart ments and so far as it was possible, under my immediate supervision. The reports of these officers, mado to me on a request to that end, w*bieh accompany and are made part of this communication, will present to you tho d-dails of the administration of their office, so f*r as practicable; and it is due to these geniieni'-n to declare that tboir conduct of their respective Departments meets my unqualified approba tion. I called to my assistance Col. Tbos. A. Scott, to whose valuble labors 1 am much indebted. He continued to aulal me until he was called into the service of the Federal Governmen*.— I then invited CoL John A. Wright and B. Bid dle Roberta to active service near my person Except Col. Gibison J. Ball, who served me in the same capacity during the recess of the Legislature, 1 have not owployed any other persons in tho Executive Department beyond the constituted and ordinary officers of the gov. ornmonk No compensation has been paid theae^enilemen. Borne Of them, I know, will not accept of any; and I cannot too highly commend to you, and the people of this State their patriot ism and fidelity. Although your resolution of inquiry was directed to me, and it might have been suffi ciently answered by my referring you to tbc auditing and paving Departments of tiio State for particulars of expenditure. 1 have obtained through tho kindnoas- of tho Auditor Gein-ral, copies of all his vouchers for dUburpomenis and a statement from tho Stale Treasurer of the amounts paid by him. A large amount of bills has been furnished to the Commissary General, for iho camp at tho soal i*f government; the prices of articles furnished havo only been .settled in iho bill* furniibed by the Auditor General, those un paid will be supervised, and. ii necessary, cor rected by the Commissary General sad Audi tor Gen oral, before paid, under a »y*Unu to which I adverted in my luefisagc preeetilod to the Legislature at the opening oi ibis *j/ocinl session, as being calculated to protect the id. teresU of the Slate in those transactions. Knr the number of persons employed, and other details, 1 refer you to tho rtqiorts of ihe.iO <iffi, cars. • SJXS “■ ■ -- -- - CALHOUN AND’ljlS OISfifIION THEORY HOW IT HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT. LETTER IRONSIDES.'’ in view of the complete*' fulfilment of the Calhoun theory of the ftotfth controlling the country through the Democracy, and that fail ing, the attepted dismemberment of the Un*on, the following letter will be found of deep in» terest: Bordentown, May 4th, 1861. Afy Dear Sir : Agreeably to your request, 1 now furnish you with the reminiscences of a conversation which passed boetween Mr. John C. Calhoun and myself, in the latter part of December, 1812, after the Decleration of War by the Congress of the United States against Great Britain, oo the Bth of the June previous. On the assembling of Congress, in the early part of December, I founy that an important portion of the leading Democratic mem be df Congress had taken up their quarters at Mrs. Dushby’s boarding house; amongst whom was Mr. Calhoun, a new member ot South Caroli na—and, I believe, this was bis first appear ance in the House of Cepresentativea. In con sequence of this, I arid LieuL Uidgley—gay confidential officer—and tho first Lieatenant of the frigate Constellation, of which vessel I then held the command, end was preparing for sea at the "Washington Navy Yard—left our lodgings at Strothers, and obtained board at Mrs. Buahby’a with them. Bidgley was a witty and able talker, who ooula aid me in demonstrating the necessity for, and tee high puiicy of, a formidable naval force wherewith to carry on the war with England, which I considered conld only be done with effect through her being victoriously struck at on an element over which she deemed herself sole mistress. This appeared to me to constitute her most tender point. By this movement, I found myself unjudi ciously located to enable me to urge upon Con gress any patriotic measures which seemed best calculated to meet and discomfit the self sufficiency and arrogance of our oppressive enemy. Mr. Calhoun's age, 1 thought, approxima ted my own, which was then thirty-four, and he being a man of the highest order of talent, and representing a B!ate in our Union which scarcely ever permitted themselves to be rep resented by inferior ability iu the National Councils, I could not have oommonced myobn ject with one more fitted for tho purpose I had in view. Ho was also a high-minded and hon orable* man, kind and friendly, as well as open and confiding, to those ho deemed worthy. Wo soon formed an intimacy, and 1 had frequent ly long conversation® with him on the war, the subjects relating thereto, and matters growing out of its existence—the navy being the most prominent, the gun-boats, the raer* chants’ bonds then on tho tapis in Congress, and others of political or minor intorest. Gno evening. I struck on the divided views of our sectional interests of the war ; stated to him that tho opposite feelings on this sub ject had puzzled me exceedingly, and asked now it was that the planting States were so strongly and decidedly in favor of war, while the commercial States were so much opposed it'.' With the latter Boction of our country, it seemed to me that the punishment of England, through the m&dium of war, ought to meet their highest approbation, and call for their greatest efforts, as they were the greatest suf ferers, through her instrumentality and power over mir comraercsal affairs since 1792, which wt-re an arrogantly urged by plunder and im pressment on the highway of nations, while tho Southern portion of the Union lal fj!t bat little in comparison. I observed with great simplicity:—‘*You in tho South and Southwest are decidedly the aristocratic por titn id this Union; you are so in holding per sons in perjKduity in slavery—you are so in. every domestic quality: so in every habit of your lives, living and actions; so in. habits, ciidoma. iniorcoursos and rnannars; you neither work w;Ui your habits, head, or any machi nery. but live and have your living, not in ac * irdaiKf w iLb tho will of your Creator, but b) the 6west of slavery, and yet vuu assume all the attribute**, professions and advantages .-.f Democracy." Mr Caihouu replied : —“i see you speak through lUn head of a young statesman, and from iho heart uf a patriot, but you lose sight of the politician and the sectional policy of the pf'. pb* 1 admit your conclusion In respect to us Southrons; that we are essentially ansto cratip 1 cannot deny, but we can and do yield much to Democracy. This is our sectional I oiicy: we are from necessity thrown upon and solemnly wedded to that party, however it may occasionally clash with our feelings for the conservation of our interests It is through our affiliation with that party in the Middle and \\ t stern States, we control, under the Constitution, the governing of these United States ; but when we cease thus to control this nation through a diijciQtei Democracy, or any materia! obstacle in that party which shall tend to throw us out of that rule and control, we *bnll then reeort to the dissolution of the Union. The compromises in the Constitution, cinder the then circumstances were sufficient for our fathers, but under the altered condition of our country from that period, leave to the South no resource but dissolution; for no amendments to the Constitution could be reach ed. through a Convention of tho people and throe-fourths rule. 1 laughed incredulously, and said: “Well, Mr. Calhoun, ere such can take place, yoa and 1 will have been so lone non est that we can now laugh at Its possibility and leave it with complacency to our children's children, who will then have the watch on deck.” Alas’ my dear sir, how entirely were the views of that statesman" cir cumbscribed by the patriot feelings of his heart. What he then thought an impossible lty for human hands to effect, for ages and ages to come, he now sees verified to tr.tj let ter, as predicted by that far teeing statesman, John C. Calhoun. Even this noble Republic is disrupted—its Constitution rent into shreds and tatters by party follies and the wickedness of its people's selfishness. Had they but in herited a moiety of the virtues of their fathers, who bled and impoverished themselves through a long and bloody war to establish the inde pendence and liberty, welfare and happinee of their posterity for all lime to corao—bad they worshipped the true and living God, in» stead ol the “almighty dollar" tney would not now have beheld the millions of patriots arming for the strife against traitors to their country, to the Constitution and the I&wb— once more to baptize in blood, for Liberty's sake, the blessings which rational liberty ac« cords under our Union. Had a prophet arisen in 181:2, and predicted as John C. Calhoun did, nothing short of Divine inspiration oould have given evidence to his foreshadowings. Alas I 1 have lived to see its accomplishment. He has gone to the tomb of his fathers, the pride of his section honored for bis talents and for his effects in council, while your humble servant still lingers in the brink, under the national anath ema of degradation, as a reward for many years of faithful services, which degradation was accorded him simultaneously with his reaching the bead of the service, to which his whole life had been devoted. You will see, my dear sir, 1 have no disposition to “ bury my light under a bushol, " but will ever bo ready to accord justice when justice is due. Thus in death we show thB ruling p&sßion stronger than in life ; and as it is with India viduaU, so It is with nations—the blackest spot found in the heart is ingratitude Accept my assurances of regard and respect, CHARLES STEWART. Gro. W. Childs, Esq., Philadelnhia. Thjehjb is a singular difference between tlio glorious speeches of Stephen A. Dou glas, and the messages, of Jefferson Davis. The latter reminds us constantly of the “Mock Duke/’ in the play. Douglas be lieves that we have a Government; believes that the right of secession is a pestilential heresy, and denounces with ineffable scorn the whole idea that the rights of the. South have been interfered with. Davis thinks the Union a mere rope ofsand, to be destroy ed by any single member of it at will and pleasure, and treats .all doctrines of sub mission to the will of the majority with contempt. Douglas stands with the old fathers of the Constitution; Davis with the authors of those new constructions of that instrument which have made the whole Secession movement so contemptible. It is said the fit of secession which recently afflicted Maryland, cost her over a cool $1,000,- 000 Experience is a dear school, but some people will learn in uo other. V 1 * V i Y. -. , Complaints of B j£;Treatmeqjj§ Ifei We of :confiihnidl| tions, t£B? bad treatmenfcj|Ehe | »uKjScted||P i —flrat in thejiftfoodgjne»pin\lhiir elothfijjj’ then in Few of writers''of these comhlUTVlt-ations reiato facts in U:eir 'trwn experience, scarcely one of them being written by a volunteer 1 hero are, no doubt, a great many inconven. iences and annoyances Tn attempting R> Im provise an army out of a population hitherto devoted to peaceful pursuits, and coming, probably, from homes where the greater por tion of them enjoyed many luxuries not to be round in-oamp! SixoHbigblthoQSSnff people cannot be fed, clothed and housed properly without taking time to do so. The same conus plaints, wesee, exist at Damp Our tin. at: Har risburg, at Lancaster, and at the; camper .in Ohio, ao that the annoyances moat bo inciden tal and unavoidable to the hasty assembling of large masses of troops, and those who Ido not stop to reflect upon what is necessary to be done, and the means to do it with, very natu rally take to fault- finding, which, so far aa- it calls public attention to the matter, and indu ces prompter action for relief, answers its pur pose. As the State has not stinted its means of support for the troops it has called out,, there is no excuse at oil for not providing them now With good and sufficient food and the proper kind of clot ing and accommodations. The officers, however, have it in their power: of correcting any abuse whioh their men may Buffer in these respects, and if they are compe tent to the duties they have assumed, they can soon have all reasonable causes of complaint removed, it their men suffer, it is their ne glect, for by making known the wants of the soldiers at Head Quarters, the commanding officer would 1 undoubtedly take such measures- B 8 would have the wrong remedied. ~Philadel~ pfiia Ledgti\ BfEBIUVftS HOLLAND BITTERS. P BAP AMU FUCK ?H> Choice*! and moat grateful Tonics and Carminatives in iho Vegetable Kingdom. Universally approved as a Family Remedy for INDIGESTION, SQ(J ft STOMACH, COLIC, UKABT-BURN, HEADACHE, & ALL DYSPEPTIC COMPLAINTS. The Weak end Nervoua should try it Bsxvaax or Inpoamot! But one site of the genuine, hall t -u bottles.) Price One Dollar. a tea pooniu i. BENJAMIN PAGE, Jr. & Co. SOLE PROPRIETORS. Sold i,y hruggiaid generally. Pittsburgh, Penn's. PITTSBURGH THEATRE. Lisas* mo Uuuanw WJL HENDERSON Taxisuna A. E. LARE. Fauna of AMnssroir.—Private Boxes, $5,00; Single Seat In Private Box. $1*00; Parquette and Drue Circle, chairs, 50 uenis; Family Circle, 25 cents; Colored Gallery, 26 ctnts; Colored Boxes, 50 cents; Gallery, 16 oenta. VOLUNTEERS PAY ATTENTION I This Evening, the great military drama, entitled HE ROLL OF THE DRUM. THE ROLL OF THE DRUM. nd RED ROVER. RED ROVER. RED RoVER. Beautiful music, songs, dances, Tableaux. Ac* Ao, Coal, Slack and Lime. SEALED PROPOSALS JOR DELIVER ING in. the stores,, at. the WORKS !jOP THE PITTsBDRGB GAS COMPANY, *OO,OOO bosbelsof Bituminous Coat, 50,000 bushels of Slack, and 0,000 bushels of Lime. vfO be received at the office oi U»e Company omit THURSDAY, the 33d Inst at 13 d’clook, M. The Coal, Slack and Lime to be delivered at Mach Ume and in sue h quantities as maj be directed. The standard of computation for Coal and Slack, to 1»e76 pounds per bu*h«. ‘ Payments to bo made monthly, retaining 20 percent, as security for performance of contract. Proborab lo addressed to Tifo3. BAKBWEIX, feu* Piesldent <i the Compan>, .ind endorsed <T Proi>osals for Coal and 8 act.** or “for L rue “ as the case may be. JAM EH THOMSON. Engineer, office of the Putaburah tins Company. 10 Ms*. 1881. inyihdUl 9 .STYLES OK ' I. ADUCS’, MISSES’, CHILDREN AM) i OUTH*B (.AITKKH, —OP THE bBST- Philadelphia &New York Manufactures, SELLING LOW AT W. E. SCHMEBTZ & CO., 31 FIFTH STREET. myll OBNTB’ AND BOY’B BOOTS; —AND— CONGRESS MITERS, PATEBT LEATHER & CALF, HEW YOKE MANUFACTURE, JUST RBOfilVfiD AT w. e. schmertz &, co. ( 31 Fifth Street. mrll /RENTS' FINE CALF BOOTS $4,00, VA “ “ Oxfords, 2,00 wants Pstton Leather Goiters, 2,00 Gents' Calf Gaiters. 2 26 Gents' Morocco Slippers, 75 AT THE PEOPLES’ SHOE STORE; No 16 Fifth at New prints, new ginghams, *&, a good &Msoriment.nowopenUur«nd«aUtaftMrr (TrAi>Bo.N ld)vs>. T4 Martet^treet. fiirard Pire and Mama Insurtnee PHI LA n ELPBIA. OFFICE M 5 WALNUT STREET. fSQO.UQO. Securities, oyer <InHIS BE LIABLE AND WELL j£N£>Wn ptio'SJffli SSSiffiSSS AS^SSSt United States Treasury Not»CityLoan3;Bank'sGS2 and otbarßafe each «a hsfb stood the teasel the herd times. Ail adjusted. losses here beempaid be* fore maturity. The promm oottree heretofore Wihid by this Ootnfaoy, to the eeUletoent of fcß dfcfau, ImHj ooutlee it to the high repa atton which It enioy&j For pouoiee in the abore highly responsible company, ap ply to ROBT. D. THOMPSON, Agent; ‘ apfctoneod corner Market emnSateTst^Httsc l !! SPRING AND gVIINER GOODS REDUCED PRICES. WE HAVE NOW BECEIVED A CHOICE AND SELECT BTOOH O F GOODS tor SPRING AND SUMMER SALES, which hare been selected with more than naaal care, > cd toe) ooofldect that in the RICHNESS OF FABRIC, AND STYLE O- O O X> S , AS WELL AS FAIRNESS OF PR rC E , the, wiIIbURPaSB ANY UOOL3 of the kind ejni-be lore opened In this city, and would respect/nUj,solicit an early call from our p§tro&B and the public to exam ine the same tor themseTVea. £ A MUni. ORA If A SOW, MERCHANT TAILORS, 19 FIVTH STREET. ATTENTION !—We have: some very £%, desirable property for sale on ML .Washington, well worthy of attention: Lob? of various sizes irotp 96 by 100 Jeer, up to ohe acre. Borne located,in the Til lage; others more remote; some with fine forest tree*, and both level and rolling ground, springs of water, gc., all suitable for building and gardening purpose*. The prices are lower in proportion than for anv othdr property in the market, ‘Terms easy* p p * 8, CCTiiBERT * SON, : 61’ Market sU i—L . GLAB«OW’S AMBROTYE GALLERY, ! ■ " - ,s - 1 LAFA-TBS-TE FOURTH BTRRBP ’BNTBAHCEK •' ' t rpo THOSE PAHTJEB ’ffAKTErt r£M& < S^o n “SJ* ODh “| c. aLAscow, 87 Fourth Strew, Pittabm^lL ■ ' '• v • ! 4* w V-v j.' v • Mad’lle Marie 11EARJLGE8 FOVLjtMn S/RKt, Otray & Fancy Colored Dress iGkud^ HLIPPEBS, AND TIES, PURE OLD SOAPS, ~ v” PutsOldSo&pa, , ' I '' Pure Old Soapa, ' ' Port Old Hoang- !; c ■; ■ ■ Pota Old Souak .; a.: - t .. Pure .Old 'Soaoa, Port OMT&bi. " ' Pure OldTodpi * , , Pan OU 'liGtxm. uaortawot, embracing ~ ~T™ Ptlm. ’i j- - Oid Brown .Windflor, Cbincwe Mask, Booby, ' " " " jßHycerine, Poncis*, rr Sanflowtty . i Lnbbu, Oon«r«r the puatald «n.£Slfb Goraera/ thenaMfcirtj£l3£*Ss5 1 v pronpUTi. HyNKAimBERheTetMSiefiSSiSSS Mai»tne pobilshedet lo* retee, to free ererr dejr. 3ftto ). «n eTe.n.etr<Sa^a«g?- °y T timiiyaSgiii XX Ss DIFFSNBACKWR ompany, * aO I hsuin. , | S|l * ?*• sr~|ft4j * | gjji ® , i|, g- S. I 1 Hi. i l 4 : I I I i § fal l#* I If O 9 as. - lit ' Sifc-’SI “ Sfet-B j|ss3 J> ssf| b #||| • s ? g II« £■< .gill' 13 p :f::';C: . .1. . 3-:' :-,: OLD STYLE-NEW STYLE. , . , SUITS ALL-SUITS Atotd stead—WWood street . b&u qwi ®J* L-ui » ”Pi*n>aiii»- Letter*. I'eBtemnitsm;u a; Hpon the ESTATE- OP GEO. b. IS la nng claims against. th« ud to thoaa taclabrnSTto iske^a?tpBnt P mMm eoivcaEb ■ ror - Rent, ' -'■t.:- : y<ui»Ss e i^SSi& 3SjS^ rssa: s s^? s; , tt^aCjaai-Kagte ANB WhltE i’aflorl’apenin, *£j****- m Stota^,h M. BkauiiVUl Wall UOZ ofl*.«d Jfejjfto ».-3t 'J; .i, * -V . Bm &dvtrtisment2. MERCHANTS’ A MANOFACTUBEBS’ BANE, 1 „ Pittsburgh, Vtj Tth, MU. / IlfS* This BASH today declared ■ Dividend of THREE PER CENT.on Uts Cspttxl Btoekoufcdf the ro r &3 « W. H. PESKY, Cashier. ALLEGHENY BANS, 1 _ _ Pimsbbwih, Ms? 7th USL J fFS*.. PRESIDENT ANDDIBBOIOBS-ofttlt* Hair BAN H hi»e declare te Dividend ofTHBHSE PEB hKNT- on Hie Wpltelwook, the ptofitm of the last six month*, payable to the: StockholdmsW their legal representatives on or after the JJth inti. nyB J. V-~COOKe:xa«htor;~ THREE PEB CENT. on the Cap'taw^ck, out Of-the profile or the last six raonUu, peySHato stookbolder. or their legal repreMntS&veeon erefttrStlte 17th IssL myg .. ~ : ., GBO ft. M’QBEff.Csshter, -j fr=?» The Hvdr BAN H he.e fchta-4ev--lealesed A-lXvidoud-of , profile of or their legai ropreeentaores,onf o?^rth*l7lhl«»L ™?&2wd GEO. T. VAN DOIKEII. f&shlsr, ; EXCHANGE BANK 6V PtTOBOTGtf, Mir 7th, 1861. / jrS»THE DiSECTORS,OP TfIINBAMK HAVE DE GLARED e diviJend.o; raBB3?FEtt OExT. out of he profits ot the leet ilx months, nnble onor sfter the lfth Inst,. . n sr’lltTtPnty”” • ' , J^rr 'Tiptoe' l (TS»THE DlBEOloS^t^Tß^^E^vffiAiE Iher - this UeT 4eol«red-«-djvidend:-ofrTHaEah*Hß' OS&T. on the capital sMck, reyehleto s&kboldsrtor their legal reprraentiiivds m,BAd*w , JOaNMAGOPl’iM^rhfhtfT- BANK oP*EcamßßafeaskAM Kite PRESIDENT profits .of the- l^rt mysatdeltw JOBS BAHPgR, : OFFICE irs» THE WERTERNIriaHBANCEOOMPSJtY/ IhSr. has this dar decleed k- dividend 54V100 DOLLARS upon each share- of . out of the earned profits of the last six rao£ll»f*fWO DOLLARS per share out or wfifch to bemflEMNbi a credit to stock accounts, and TWO-anai perahanß, to be paid to tin or^fterthel^h •• 'fkiffWiilJ- ‘ IBGINIA,' KJENTUGKY' AN: ▼ soum MoNEY tskeof atvrhal it it woriS ohaogefcr Drevs Goods, Bhavlsy Hosiery,; 4c* at tremendous low prices to rednoe Bteck*r r T • a HANSOH ItfV# nj* UMSrtoit. ' EGGS —5 barrels fresh eeesjust received and for sale by •PM HgSilY^H.6otl3^»' < Lard— . 3 kegs Iraah leaf Laid foe aale be "»**_ HENRY H: OOlitlfe. BUTTER.— 3 Barrels lost received and for tale by ’ _mys tfEWBTH. OOLUKB. IfULL BUTTER.— LV 0 barrels Fresh 801 l Butter, ' 8 boxes *• • f*;,;.. 14 backets u “ «, Just received sad for sale br ' Q ftUEB & : FBTZEB» m T B corner Market end Firßfrettastsy A&E JleHi— I 140 packages White Fuh, 100 ■* 'Trtrai, ' : ‘ 100 ,«. LakaKab, 2? HKNB] at costl aT COST SUMMER SIRES, OBQiKDI LAWK, , t OPENED TUB HORNING A' LARGE ASSORTMENT A LARGE STOCK OP ' a'i! t SUX OEBRELUI —AMD- HOOP SKI&TB. W. & D. HVfiDs; Far Mia by by >or sate liy For sale \xj ■ALI> EAPfiBI WALL T - 1 > 4 ?' *, «r V ■*:: h J ' hrv/, •V > , < ‘ . vs-wv/-/ 1 -ia s.-»v y
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