t...-...i.......-- . . . . , ~ . .. . . . . . . .. - + • • , . . ..b • .. ..., . , . „.. .. . c). , .... , , . ,S H . ....,.. ' A D.. . , .A.. . 3 : . .. , . ~.,. .".. , . . ~ , .~ UY 4. .044 APHlgit. ',LOUPRai. DT PDOak ♦r POE Alt:Makin is the, golden'bowl !—the spiri) flown !Meyer ! Les lbw belt toll I—et nicely soul floats on the riwe- And, CI uy 4. vim, bigot. show no noir I—troop. • noir or nevermore ! See! on'ydn , drear tad rigid bier lovelies thy tole, Lemont I . am% let the, burial rite be read—the fietsralsong be 10 1 181 An anthem for the queenliest dead Mitt ever died re young— A dim he het the doubly thatehe died ors young. 40Arretchee f ye loved her for her wealth end ye hated her for her pride And, when she felt In feeble health, 'ye. blessed her • ---that she died :-- HOW shall the »Mal then be road—the requiem „how be lung the evil eye--by your. the slanderous tongue, That did to death the innocence that died, and died M young 1". Bersoilmu rave not thus ! but let high sous _ Go up to 04 so solemnly ills dead may feel no wraint The sweet Leonetti both gone before, with Hope that liew bandit LlaTinCtben wild for the deer child that should bare been thy bode-- For her, the Wilma debonair, that now so 'needy Tier, The life upon her yellow hair, but not within her eyes— The life still there upon her bah, the death upon iter eye,. "Avsunt!--aystunt ! to Mends from fiends the in. dignant ghost is riven— From Hell unto a high estate within the utmost • Hesslin— Let no bell toll,' thin, lent her soul, amid its hal. lowed mirth, Should catch shirrostesr damned Earth! And I—to-night my heart is light :—no dirge will I Impulse, But waft the 'angel on her flight with • Pawn of old days I" TIIE TEST OF TRUE FRIENDSHIP A SHORT BUT TRUE STORY. •"Tferhand that wiped away the tear of want, The heart that melted at anther's woe, Were his, and blessings followed him. David Wentworth had the kindest of hearts. There was neither mete nor bound to his benevolence except inability. And happy were any men who had a tithe, of: — die' p avers that were offered up for the welfare of my friend, by tha un fortunate and wretched whom his hand had relieved. I speak of prayers—for it was the only reward he obtained ; I mean here—but I forgot. David was paying his attentions to an excellent young lady of his native city.— She was wealthy, beautiful and accom plished, and consequently had many sui tors. Among them were richer and no ''\ bier (in extraction. I mean) and hand isomer mon than David Wentworth, but, n' irnporte, there was a kind of trankheart adnets about my friend, that could not fail to bring him somewhere near the heart of his mistress, even if an emperor had been his rival. The young lady hit upon a project to put the characters of her lovers to a test. She had found a poor widow with a family in distress, in one of her benevolent ex cursions, and the idea occurred to her that it would be a good opportunity to ascer tain what wort of stuff her lovers' hearts! were made of. Letters were forthwith in diutd, stetting forth the good woman's tale, and,forwarded to the different gentlemen in the, widow's name, requesting an as. answer and assistance. 'the drat reply was a lecture on idle ness and begging, and concluded with the information that the writer was not acous tomedto give to those he did not know.— Thie war from a $lO,OOO ii year. The , second•tulviscel for to apply to some of the bep4voleAtiocieties whose business it was to relieve those who were. truly in want. This war one, who had a great reputation for benevolence—who had taken a leading part in thet seven! charitable aseoCiations. and wricsse pharasaitial liberality had been blazoned is the Geatitte. The lady thought that, interested as he was in the success of those ipetinuions, he displayed,a very com mendable reluotance about taking the bus ices& out of 'their hands. A third from a 40d:hearted tend 'generous' kind of • a - fel. loa'e ,here ve dbller bill with his nentfil . lattebte. • ,Setvend , took , no notice-of the poorwomaarA petition. ißut there war anothiviniwer *high• theklady read with' far different feelings. 11vrair friini David, trout Sealinyear.-wed Ineed not soya*. hired/OW and ebniuding. Itlpeke of ids mirr6*they t4l tk4 , adbptdd( ' Idea 04 1 45 - .tt'a, object, '# 11 " cituktd,Orwsking4ininivi;W. , 'l6" IWO bet .4 s& myself , otherwisei una,ble to ford the nalisunine you itogtiOv e I tiost , l o?iiMPf • 1 ,1!°4 44 defiers youclteltio., 1): meta iprofessinn., For: was bet a few week before the widow 6 0P, •!r el fi,q c lr 6llllb/ Y / " Ce i l e and aft' no} piviisepttle:Aflosioesi, :by .the ieratuiendatiod, and, ear, riedl i enitprdni aid of my frientb ,,, And all thie wits done in genuine scriptural style:. ribestrAYMle *Mod lag of ttumpo4—awl the iigin , ltind knew not the doing of the felt' Bkititilady love Wag a silent observer ettiiii i iinhiet and he received many a kititibeatree from that quarter. of which ho never etnessospected the cause. She be gan to think•that the homage of a spirit r like hie: Sias not to be despised ; and she felkaosectiiing very much like a palpita- tion of titer heart' qtrailtined'herself T . 4 Exemnoon,,Law,... : respecting hisintlintions. Mr. Suwon, Senator from tne,Lyoom. 80h wi the, train which,i ng District,,itu presenting s petitiee bat was kne eyening,,ae is, often, the•esseEin- week. signed. by citizens:of that county,', interrupted by a call from theperson ,who Fraying for the raPFal ?? 1 . th? la v w Ptist, had been. its cause. Hour• a fter.hour pas., on e f re e ngo . e n z . • ein pr POI S I PIP °I7 : II :I; *SO?, made , the followin g ph il anthropic, led by time night, end still David iing ere& Hiptild not tear himself sway: “She is ' jusi and truly s democratic 'remarks: a trtinit faaeinsting 'creattire," thought he, jsi t io cer . I d o ookopopat4iol with “anttgoinl as she is beautiful. Can she the prayer of ,tho petition I have ion pre, ever be mine 1" and a cloud came over his sealed. 140 not, believe that the law of features and sat for a morning 44+,. kit session will injure the "poor and _ knee. "This , suspense must be ended," he , et length . thought. fib stilled' es• clock toed eleven. "Itoif will certainly tbink, me insuffera bly he witli:a faint !unite, "Put hay°, been, so plesantly engtiged its to take no note of time. And. the tido. of this, tres past lin the •roles of good breeding must' lie at your &kir.. Besides, I have length ened the he continued oilier it pause, "under tde apprehension that, as it has been the happiest, it might also) Se ate list it might• ever he my good fortune to enjoy with Miss U." The lady looked at him with some sur prise. "Nay," said he, "the matter resits with yourself. Will you forgive my presump tion ? I know that others, perhaps more worthy of you, at least nobler and wealth ier, and higher in the world's esteem, are striving for the honor of your band. And yet I cannot restrain myself from making an avowal which, though it may be futile, is yet but a deserved tribute to your worth." The lady did not swoon nor turn pale. But a flush of gratification passed over her face, and lighted her eyes for a moment. She frankly gave hire Iter hand arid look ed up archly in his face. "The friend of the fatherless and the widow," she said, (David blusilte4- eesonot fed to make a constant lover and husband." float up (ruin the INsEcT tic.—Professor Agazez says more than a lifetime would be necessary to enumerate the, various species of insects and describe their appearances. Meiger, a German. collected and described 0,000 speicies of flies, which hecollected in a dis trict ten miles in circumference. There have been collected in Europa 37,000 species of insects preying on wheat. In Berlin, two professors are engaged in col lecting, observing and describing insects and their habits, and they have already published five large volnmes upon the in sects which attack the forest trees. GIVE sow.—Defer not thy deeds till the mantle of death has covered thy form. Ten dollars given to day are better than fifty left in thy will. It is not benevolence io give away what thou haat no further need of; and no legacies will purchase future fe licity fur the mean and avaricious heart. An Irishman, who was lately reprieved, as he stated, the night before hir execu tion, and who wished to get rid of his wifo, wrote to her as follows;—'•I was yester day hanged, and died like a hero ; do as I did ; and bear it like a man." "Pa, is beach good to eat r. •ICertainly not, fiimon. Why do you • ask me such a question as that!" "Cause the newspaper says that during the hot weather. the rich people all go and live on the beach." • 4 , Phebe, be'quiek and grease that`boy's temples, and put him to bed, or he'll die with the brain fever." "Napoleon Alexi• Dabba, owns op here and say your lesson. What makes boys grow?" issain, sir." "Why don't men grow 1" • "Because they carry an : umbrella. which keeps off the rain." • " What makes a young man andit young 'womamfall in lore!" . "Because ono of 'em has a hearty(' steak and the other has a heart of flint, and when they come together they' strike fire, and thatis. lore." • • . 'That's right. Now-you oily go sad plague the t ats . • • traniair acolkoaa lkt cs.r.,/,,: e ;/ etm , mort,,pf phicaimN,,eloaea leas l behalf of a railroad td.Rdek River• i ts , lows "Shall iron liopesee ' tit the valley of Reek River in lOU end alike its thirst of rstal stream dr ihall 'the Poxitiv. - er and the Lake alone afford' R desistance?"' - • THE Molutons wiz Moutroma,-,,-,4„1 part of Mormon emigrants:, on their wa y , tb'the the Silt ,tsie,:eritile • er a- sin g 'Sky 46 6 tain,f in °o 4 ' i t, were elrAli*Vf4,or lirrittlC which, in connection with thejatense, cold: killetl , aixtY. head of amide. h:ia.renaark &Me; notwithstanding 'the comity of ot , weitter;l46lo o . ,e4ing/41.mAP, woman. 4i; child, With this ereeption, the , account very Much reaembleithitif Cot; Ftemont inttl his party, One oldie eevereet strugghtais that between a proud spirit and 'empty purse. "Why might we seppose that vs exist- . ed before Adam 1 Because ah+d'!►kb"the first rnscle(msid:)" ~ ~:I. i .1.~'.;~ ~ I I L • r - BIT .r IN . /4; E ,A 11 •10A,Y, - - ktg-1,1411 middle dams of community." Ido not believe that by exempting the last three' hendeed'dollaie worth of property; of the . pbor unfoltunate debtor trona levy and .ale onexecution, and by driving ; f fqi tkte door of poverty and distress the sheriff end Oct constable, Atrged on by a elosia-fist-. ed, miserly and heartless creditor, that yon injuriously affect the interests of the poor. Sir; it cannot be true. 'Do you for a moment suppose, that you would benefit the "poor and middle classes of r community' by exposing their last article of household furniture—their last hed— their last stove--or their last cow—to the tender mercy of an avaricious cueditor If senators entertain such an opinion, let thein comply with the 'prayer of the petitioners, and vote for the 'repeal of the law of last session, together with all the exemption laws previously- enacted, and they will promote the interests of the poor and middle claseen, to the heart's content of the rich. • Sir. so fir from eyni pathising with the petitioners, I would ex tend the exemption law still further. And, permit me to say, which I do with all confidence, that the day is not far distant, when it will bo carried still further. Thal day is dawning when every family will be. protected in their little nose, in defiance of the bad conduct of an intern perste fath er, or a profiip ate husband. The day is coming, nay it is now here, when it will I be conceded that the man with a comforta-1 &le, permanent home, will much sooner pay his hone.a debts than he who is almost distracted toith impending troubles, and I who is ever at the me,cy of an execution. Many of the States of this Union have led the way in this humane reform.— i Maine exempts a homestead to thn value of $5OO, and in the absence of a home 'stead. personal property to that amount. Vermont exempts a homestead to the a mount of $5OO. lowa and Minesom forty acres of land or a lot. California exempts 320 acres of land, or a lot worth $2000. Deseret, the proposed Mormon state, it is said, secures a home to every family. All , the States and territories named have acted on this subject within the past few months Georgia, Texas, Michigan, Wis consin, and Connecticut, have long since enacted liberal exemption laws. New York, always among the foremost in pop ular reforms, is also pressing onward in this matter. 1 have before me .the•annual l message of Gov. fish to the present legis-1 lature of that great State, to which I beg leave to call the attention of Senators.-- I the subject of homestead exemption, the Governor say. "While it is admittedly ,'primary duty of the legislature to enact laws for the punishment of vice. it is no less its duty to remove the causes which frequently lead. to the commission of crime. The impres sions made upon the youthful mind. , by' the gentle forte of parental authority and" example. and by the associations of ,thel 1 f a mily elide, are among the most active , and enduring of the iufluences which con trot the eauduct of after life. Much of that vise that we are called upon, to deplore, may be .traced to the early removal of its subject from the reach Of that authority and . ' example; and from the innOcent, but the' wholesome suisociation of a home howev er. humide. The cause of morality. DO less than the dictates of humanity. de mands the preservation of the imam ma ma, and, the maintenance of the IrsieLY nonS, ss efficient preventives of vice, and sore and permanent contributors to indi , vidual virtue and happiness, and' to 01610 ,prosperity'itid 'order." Such, Mr. Speaker, are the irjevis of the , PaYetPF,of. New YROF., They, are, the sentiment" of a humane and far-wing statesman- andi honor him for his man ly independence in giving them theareight and sanction-of his -official' station: 'Sir, I p with the governor of the 'Empire' Sutler' to arty,a nont; anti a;iirAirrn. Itoopono.ipniiu tA. cQvetlus and,hurOglarled weak/ . 40, striate•hu • utithritattale ?debtor / nakittand pentrikearitati slsorsall ehrariedeallant inktiospitabletairld.' Thtbssrlistlitilosuthui ;ice sulk ' a . 'Prbitidnitryhooid be 'blotted fro o 4'4 ,14.9k!': of every tt in this 4ia „the 1 1 11 11 t 00 6 age , 11°0 revoking to %lila, t3''! , A4 1 0:0 1 0, 6 4 4 1 OinCOUnini ;01Pr4t) ment for debt,They should he _ repudiated. by ' legisiMor 7 :—thei 'Mould exist butt in the history of the past —an obsolete idea. ' • It, has beau , truly said, Mr. Speaker, thit.he who sells ont the last little proper . tir of s',wifis and family of small children I of a rash, heedless, or perhaps intemperate husband add father, and afltrviards with a orEARLEBO AND mt.. • plieezful countenance, pee leans dhus.s, , goes barn* TO TOW ,IM tOOMIAIf usearrgi i t Shy money - thus obtained -Ass 41.4atnniet curio tipint it t ' • • • • • tittertitining thine' vieterir: Mt. Speaker, I cannot go with those of ntinititoents who dernarxiiheitrepeil nielnrexemption lait:'ollaistatentoti repreill I believe that number Of the* ttettire it. YURTItER PARTICIA/ifitt OP: TOE EX. ilLosioN AT/NEWYORK.. The New York papers,-arekilled. , witit the particulars , anti• ,inteidenw connected with the late melancholy' sceitient at, this plaint. We make die ,fisllOwlpg extrac,ta, mainly from the ,lournidin(PMplherce ark 4 the.Cornmereial Advertiser. The appalling disasterja ,flogee street, by which, from fifty le-seventy -men, a most ell' ingenious meithanitternativet of New Eitilatid or NeliTtirk, hive bten in aMomenthiitried into etereitk or after a vain struggle for life, sltit',Fre water, the superinaumbent ruins, have,y*lded,te the inexorable summons, has aprad a glgona over - our city which nathitit :,but. some great calamity, or apprehended calamity, is ever able to produce: •Every effort was made by the Fire Depertmeet• and Police to rescue the sufferers *ism 'the ruins, but with only ,partial sucFess. mast have been burnt to death, and others drown._ ed, though it is probable that most of them would have died of their woinds, even if it had been possible to rescue them. It is one of those:cases of unmitigated woe to which poor•humanity is occailonly sub ject, and which makes eurvivors wonder. why a merciful God did not' interpose to prevent their occurrence.' The concussion canted by the ex plosion was distinetly felt over a circuit of half . a mile—reeembling an earthquake in the sensation produced. The' mutilated remains of the unfortunate workmen, slid quivering with life, were promiscuously strewed among the ruins of the building, while the bodies of others, were crushed between the falling floors or impaled by the shattered timbers. One of the most prominent spectacles that caught the eye, was that of a man who had attempted to escape by flight but who just as he was` making his exit, was caught by the neck between the ends of two timbers and in stantly killed. With the blood gushing from his nostrils. and thy clething stripped from his frozen limbs, he presented a most sickening- sight. But his ease was less calculated to excite the commiseration of the beholder than that of those who were simply confined within the ruins and had but to await the approach of the flames to meet death in a more revolting form with. out the possibility of relief. Such, doubt• less, was the fate of many ; for, but a short time elapsed between the prostration of .the building , and the time when the flames broke out from its ruins. The groans of the sufferers, some of whom could be dis tinctly seen, were truly agonizing. The case of one young lad. in particular excited pecular sympathy. He was in the basemerit of the building, Heavy . timbers intervened between him and those , who, would affect his release. while a huge pile of lumber and rubbish was over his head, in which the tames vaged'fiercely. If the water was withheld, the fire advanced. If it was thrown on, the unfortunate boy` wet exposed to be scalded to,dmith by the water which streamed in upon him from above. or to perish from cold. And thus was the war oh elements. This boy encouraged the fireman to continue their efforts,a nd alto encouraged those who were confined round him to keep up their spirits... This he continued to do till be reportedithit he was the only survivor. As the , afternoon wore away, and'he was still not rescued, the utatesst anxiety preirefied. fie 'coin plained of being cold and showed .signs of exhaustion. At length the ruins were abificienty /clear ed away 10.al_kaw a • person's hagd to ,pass in to him. Through this opunicg 11144 food.and bat agree were passed, tis kWh and he revived. • Soon dm opening was. *of& Mien tly wide fora blanket to be put throegh. After laboringlotne ihne at this the men aseataind the dieheirtening Tact thifhiti could net be insetted in that dam- - tion, on account of his lege4nglatOied aniler.Plme *14'004- He VOkfitql..olo ly collected ts? be, aware or thtos sad , caul ii they wished to save him aUd . his compan ioni they Odal. htiln at the top, dOWnivaCil: it'tlies dirk, - ba the ii*MONl9aCil. in POO If Al, bald nine n!nitt4 40 Mnih,oltthe .01eParloll• cumbent mins had been removed that• hie condition twit more ecurately ,ateertaitied • mid if *SS !bend that be was held down by'e heavy lids bar sCL, elites anff 44e ends el which btil44, 40-444' i r P u P d ' h:lns. U. could ePlr Malts , ilia left arm and turn his slightly. :Fur 4*o.bours the most strenuous efforts were made,•but the. ends of the bar ; could not be - reached.; yet the bead and shoulders could, be plain ly seen, Attempts were then Made to cut the bar, but these proved ineffeitual for the want of room to work, and beciettse of the danger of bringing down the rubbialt upon I him by the concussion. At about midnight the poor lad began to ll' , I , "foes , kthl i,i ii4r:thlif i tl l lllllg b vtim tr o tillO w _ ll4 morl AAllllllPl mon , 1110 u04 V FP? 0 4 114 P t , 0h0P4190 1, Ri'oltionk,;Aits.(bar ilimincd , foam) him. It Veit then asciertained•that antither ber letraertiss r "The led could itill'epettic; but- Was etidently ,1 16, f?ftgedA ' ROirly„) ;1 9414 ' 1 , 4 1 009 3 041,,if theyArew , ut it giro& logs of hie deliverers end isostimbystindercr who in their intitinied*bitetiteil ihnelnell" titoited CY the' Siiet ailni bi itttitg 'et eeLdt.wl'ret leeenghL,upi t e4 l 4 *Wong of the firemeossul4"geepeult root:; spirits; my noble 4ad' sotwehays you+ cout;l - ' - er didiqiei _labor; for Migniftiksioldiditcl,tiiottlY 'bur! VI" q„ Samuel Tindall *et linsdastin bit threat., _ ed gave where heiutd suffered for twtnlM Aria% t ,l!e was i taaie d iaA el Y, e er.fiird) , o4 o iP , eta and c.srried,t,o, the, Orgt eutite-10 , Mem Traphegen. He did not deem to , be , nore tally hurt, thbugh his leis": indlitisteknerttb severely,tiutitt.L he heeemedetrTieelb - * Aekp hope that, wOh quiottunliduo emusat will! , recover from- thai, •is Nom hie woo ode: Had *Melt:tint ItowerNl *prfit',; we could not adequately, 'Cutnelleiid:tbe ble fellows who amid 00 lisittitialtroC such a night, penisted,initheir. stork/rani, laboroi love—or thir' peiient•htipelulness of him whoin they . 'tinned. ' ' 0 1 0 . poor lad died l lo Ave jtOrtl ' afler bnitti'ittleased frotri.AtO ruins.) We should•,judge that from one hundred to One hundred and - fifty, men are -now,leto , gaged in exhuming .tfie retains.. Their " ; tarts ate now espnefall)r-ditiol i efi td rfe>ie the basement floor., w, Imre Abloy t -,cuelyveA empinyea, whose bode itismoon,expaclN ed to recover. [The Whole number of deed IMiliiis're coveftd at our latest date was'thtly:fisie.) C HSXISTRY APPIJIMAI) AaatouLTUßE. By the number of • experiments,' •which hare extended over five yeant; to diiteover the bes t mean sof preventing Oita in wheat, by a commission appointed for the purpose at Rouen in, France, it-appfartrthat the best chemical enbautnees trietillere 'tfolbtionir , of the sulphat of soda :itd lime, and the AO.' phate of copper, , piirereol,kintle' A f r ,f l e ! O in various statett+—good.,bad, and middling', were all fairly tried, and the results fairly noted. The experiments Were ad ireM that there roildlie no urisitio 4 6c,iii matter. Wheat ,•,ras tried , without sny preparation, one Int-with , washing 'in pure water before sowing : another steeped- for one hour in a Solution of itulphate or e.i t f: per: another in a solutien of a4.0(04: nether prepared with_slaelted 1 4 1 44 ;Moth , er with the solution ofselphate °feeds and num. ' The best reeulte were from' wheat prepnTed wadi, the eelptiontetke oulr' Owe of eo;la end fine, and, thin iii reeout, mended to the farmen to ostl-, ,71 1 9 1 a r e ffi" nic joetm!lean!e:i as'lrtitt!iitgi44o4ll44)l; hill Pclin.t wq ?grew ;with them Thesabr, ject is worthy , of the stunstion oterleV mere. We believe thiit gooittelisit l elotte should bp used, sad thel.by,reliwypi solution (mftrAoefilf3loo4) sail then ploplating,4:loreowing With iii.' lied lune, lhe beet. rattles will bit- olitalied: It doer not NOM' slit the Peen& PIM entseitin Ined liles:invent ? Iddninigh it to -;4 0 ocgoo 41r our fort 4e ll l , Waters •,Feernter• The ' Nib* `r ht10:,! 1161 0 0 16 40 Ei l e l ii l ,oitir d ß e e li m *lush, haiia that °AA heat !WO of hie. Gland, COllllllllll 'in auto. mile taaiN newt-Cairn. within sight'of the Pyrintitts. flys wsrriltiny aunt be. iiertslsl 4 _4 6 0:, 8 0 ', 0, 42 0 0 Ak , tgar!!,pivristi Ate Arsbisot sad he is , pon6.- dent, f winningotatthis ohsilenp• like• ly to be steripied l , • ••' ' .Cot ttop P.s r .:We l leero from the Notth Stan:that itto Uoireteity . of Beidel4 berg has Mottlkinedithetitle of MIX oriii W: C, POI. ow, Tyr) , otri,forniesir.or Liam* cowl, M ! x wria ati4tt .31 SW*. • WITTY &VD Tgwg.—ii. certain conductor of, i.IIOIOIRITI yfflyrepopetr, a peek ing qt c4r4IMPOPIrYt ,tblia. Wag Int ilther; 4 4, .QoRafee 9 i bin rap, liillYt.roge. 6ll .. hi 4,0414404 11: 1 1*Peotrlit To *Won se en ediyip..e. nelplel example of P,riTlreMAPce On4 l ;i' the moin aeprouing eircutnitances4l ! li'rever o(,it)oartling:house in New 0-tieunst.untling that, a , tall Buckeye was ratber4sesep , ott lis.eorrted pork and cab bate, allerbelping his ravenous guest the 00 1 'thaa a ddressed hie , western frtnd. 4'l heg your pardon, sir, but 1 e hook! like to knowif- you bars'ilt been in the pork .packing , bulaness. You seem to understarid, it thbrotighly..", Sostaxuates , listv.—Ror 'the fire' timein this count'', days the ' Obltimbus(Ohio) Ststestnith;of die 25th, and hundred head fat,cattle belenging to Mr. Seymour Renick. have been shod with , iron_ shoes, for the purposa of travelling over the moun tains. If the experiment proves good, it is the intention of Mr. Renick the shoe eleven hundred mop. ice rag fortned i At C4dosioa, e. 0. on Monday last. , COUNTY PRISON, rirThe aemesed letter, addresvi.l by the See eatery. of the Philadelphia Prison Society to ttte,C;mreenisioners of this county, may rove in teresting to the reader. The subject of Prison Refoiraiiind Dpkipline is one of much importance, ahathe Aaatitistion which Mr. Foot:as representa her inheribuied , Mach towards ameliorating the Vil•N( . this Oolong .syslem. , As we ere about to OWIf 04 alum. County l'rioonrand the nubjoet is ottf rt,r iclt more or, less interewed, we hive tbooght kbit the Oubliration of Mr. Futilke'n idler viOttidsiiihre*torptabie to our suliserihers and 1t tlfei Olio Wilms stibeerve the puhhe good TO ,TAB 0514milis,troxErt3 OF ADAMS "•• - COUNTY'. • PlITLAIIII.1411•, January .6, 1850. .1 7 - 4 Th e imdersigued having learn ettll!'4:lllol3 of the Jill or ;your county by thriiirpwc,k iOdrei l , you upon the subject, i ,, , krl{l4.watt infhtmtul that a bill had been pre leftWitis tbi: goose. of Representatives baying eagstireie to : the 000druction of a new prison by yos.: saw* 'being no time .for previous coffee :l4oWe° irith 7oni a summation was made that ihi psblll might be so worded as to require I*.eitttformity with the penal system of the State ; one that would secure us against the tristhilitg" i tel' l sslikh we' hare been ex po ersl bytlie i'M'iiiodes of construction. At the aims thisi g.. 13. TregO,' Who had the advan tage Of a4ieroonaY iiegailnianei with your repre teflos,Mcqtlyeetr, wrote to him upon the sub ;Mr,, Tpu l p..s. i letter is, understood to bare !Nleofeßits4l4,4llo‘ l . , .:Thettedeseigued pulite that he needs not 'polo gtott e. yonlin Wm intervention in this business.-- Aitheugh.weeentpfeil.appeare, at first view, to be merely a Jiro*); establishment,.. yet Autry little refieedeis ear ono that it has a very cfeiscoonneetieictorith the prison discipline of the fititefwiiiltititit "Vont ettirens have an iiiteeMkiiititeCuisidlifett of loci! idiotic The in inSdesiertbie ktehipehlksitliriaa must pass through L l 4 e!ppl,,i, )44 Mid the degree dr preventive in. ilneesse i imoreisfsi in the letter hes en lin porton CI bogliNg,Hrgitkl•lrtunfltfr‘latecli as the character Moreover, the State has estehllahedos z p4.4isst Rode' of discipline; that of a operation Pi cortYkis fforlhone another; 4nd the public" policy, In' i tbia respect hoe been regarded as a wieonniro Yet in needy, all of our county puis sant', le brifrtieen.elietinnary, nut merely , to allow but to &bind tbeoresoetatlerOof the inmates, one wlth — dirother. e . ateeciatioo boa generally been lidleeriiiihnite and. .the known in. stances of cont i atnipa* . eteleting therefrom, are 'werytaniiiiii;* The litspecters of the Peniten tiaries,'"tid,:uillei''nfailoceiniativi'ollen remonstra ted aguirast of ikihian inconsiStency l khulsegirs . itirsty,l.Mailing to you . herewith, a tll6o74ollool4l4l3o,olA;l6nDisoilulinut, publish. ed,by itbeßriseapociety ed . this city i which con tain, a, sbottsittieln upon We sulkier+ That ao ciekr.baebedn. orgettioed for more than Oa years past, and tuts taken a large share in the prepare. 06614' thou( atiodeutee.which have been adopted byte iroiOnnoent fer the , improvement of our peritlsystemi'++A'hhtt itself originated in the recommendstion of the iiiclety to' the Legisia int?, monertiMitllilfe`itetituiry ago ; and a con. tinned intsilisilliiibeeti felt bills toragreaa. You viii &eve ; :013 1- ditletilty; gentlemen. 'in holier. !nA,P;eitt..4!ur..iesrOciatioti is influenced by no other motisfum thep such t‘ir , ailoo from a regard to the trellP , ifuterllirttsi je ll:ash:eerier have built a tiPtltaletettpriotuttu, 14,410 eflobich must be in -1040101174410t51110 st holm There is ahundent theldruespospoit Ibis subject. The undersigned I bail ideseelf visited a time number of of our man. tritile4 skid bag seen modes of construction and ottellnetinent'aekspled abets as could scarcely have biletidiiented 'Probable without a knowledge of I ssettifilahle. tri'ohnties of hirge end substantial Ofpulatiop, with officers of intelligence, end with ittetasy mach nettle means of reform, there have been erected buildings fair to the eye, externally. but jurceenling : internally, the aspect of mend sepulchre* ,The reasons for such a course, which the teelateignesi has learned, are chiefly the (01,- 11min =MEE tat. Economy. By which i■ meant the seen Ting of a small bill of expenses in construction.— It escrttot I* no ry•to vivre to you, gentlemen, that them is a higher economy than that of dollars and cents end that when these come in conflict, no prOdent dficer will sacrifice the good of the eoMmunity and the moral character of prisoners, for the sake of a small saving of money. To say nothing of Christian duty, experience has every Where shown the; the true economy is to prevent ells:in.—to reform criminals. 24. , The small *umber of prisoners in any cotto ny- To this, .abso, you will readily find the pro per answer. Whether the an nusl average of pris owns im alit pr slx hundred, the duty of providing milady leg them is the same in kind. ' ad. A belief that the evils of association in the county jails are not so great as to render it expe dient to take any special means to guard against "Upon this lined, experience is the beet teacher, Ttio quotations in tho Journal herewith sent, will show what is thought by the most prac tised observers in difft , rent countries.' 4th. A notion that there is no mode of reform but the building of penitentiaries for convicts, such as those of Dauphin, Philadelphia and Chester ; and the establishment of an expensive system of government—hoerd of inspectors. warden, But this view of the subject e chits only where no attention has been paid to the history of prison ar chitecture and rnanagetnent. It so happens that the'enterprising counties in which the separate county jails have been erected, have thought oro , per to incur the expense of erecting general prMi tentisries for convicts ; end of ornamenting their eXtbrior after costly designs ; and hence it ha■ been hartily inferred that to depart from the Old merle requires us to follow the example of those counties. Decks hes laid out $55,000 ; and ',un easier is expending $102,000 for 'a jail and peni teutjary but any other county can erect a , sufil tient prison for much smaller sum. tica lS i tit. ivr T ,r m ,:. c l u pr sto F nc ra o n f c e e m aro pict: iotgpins:dhou.in4se.booteruibl er, under thelMliel that it requires rio special knowl edge conetraqt prison.; Thi s graiq prim. royalist:cowl/Oa, the, ghief .igarerivartt taken ehineukjsa► .akaKe I stai.gwirollet litglkkkat ',chiles% btu ibian employed tot/114A tie pion or. ,14 building. In toglend en Act'of Parliament irts hibited any county jail from being et vied until plan had bean examined ani approved at the NI partment of State ; while it was to be submittirit' 7 : to the Inspection of men properly Instenetcri branch of architecture. In Pennsylvania itO [nisi MA rightly direct the details of construction of a prheti. who has not qUaliffed himself by a knowletigior— the most recent imcnovements, as well is the eeti'%' oral experience of prition officers and ward hid . / not given sufficient ottention to my tem to understand its requirements. Ibe midi& signed has seen repeatedly the evil effects bt vet+ lecting these preliminary consideraticms. In -*evil eral instances ho has witnessed a defect twit dr security in new Jails ; raefpee occurring therouglo mere unskilfulness in the design. t Gth. The unreanonable fear of public opinicin. This motive bas interfentd with important hell' provements. The opinions of our fellow•eiliithiC are certainly not to be feared when maim'nett" public duty concur to 'sustain their offeets tri fitly • comae ; and it is an injustice to 'the Intelliienee and public spirit of any part of our cotnitnnity suppose that they reqire'the Worst COCITSO tvb's l ta• ken. They never fail to approve. when feliy ins' formed, the discreet acts of their officers. Now it is easy to how the fallacy of aly itch reasons as have been referred to; Inuit." prime the possibility and the expediency of a teforna *our local jails. Leaving ,this to your own minds undersigned begs leave to gulil that the fellewitir requisites are now considered indispensidde by, *y r most experienced builders and eontrellent alp* lat. That the site should he elevatea.drloo l so disposed as to secure proper drainage. • :.• 2d. That the building should be so lot-idea du not to be overlooked by any other building's ribr so neer any others' et to etronr faculties Fcie etrmtil municatio'n,or escape. Hence it should net be to-i catea in a totrit,y any proper site can be hid,tils . . , - the vicinity. 3d. For Similar reasons there should be grad' secured around the relic, so as to allow of an, closure of the establishment. Every pi - omi' 941 4 to be surrounded by a wall of sufficient height#J prevent esespes. , ", There should nicety's be groonlenough nnsecTnllt j to allow of the extension of the building. plow •ritti (piked. 4th. In arranging the apartments of the ofliarnj care should he taken to separate theixi heti Chili body of the prison, wr-that the busineu and 6otilikl visits of the keeper and his Gni:lily rciay tiotlritpes l ferc with the dicipline ; and so ap L to ' semi thiv y family against the entrance of the priaaners. undersigned hps seen in more thin one' jail, prisoners walk freely into the, wilting inem pr., the sheriff 'a family. In ono instari-a the wife of-, a sheriff stated that one of her prisooiiii tiadit; 4 tempted to escape in this way,; tad had beet, prevented by her clinging to hito, *ad crying ea I alarm. 5111. The whole should be so constructed arpsi impose aslittle duty and labor as possible bpoe the Sheriff or other keeper, and to naaaralimaist far as practicable any differences in the chiliads+ of the officers sacceiaisely holding custody: , • 1)- 1,44:43.11. TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM. ,* NEW .BERIE 159.e,—• tith. The plan should be framr‘d With rttferineet to the increase of population, and Of the bundler' of offences ; so that the number of cells inia*;tat i l enlarged without much expense andwithout4. parting from the original design. The undentig*: ed has wen one ofour county prisons (built withT, in a few years pact) to which it, would. be *pill eible to add a cell without blocking out light,fecirm one of the others; and compelling the opening e( a window in a public street, within mach of WNW+ munication from every passenger. , 7th. The plan should provide for the omfatter& of each prisoner from ell the others l souring at', the came time atleg oat° epnee—with propel of heating and ventilation to insure theirlisitthi,- and . it the sofas time to prevent Intertotainuatil cations.' Bth. There should he a suitable space reserved for exercise ; a part of which might be Wl ' ll4 ' 5ll, vegetable garden. AO this ground should he so, aituuted as not to be overlooked froze the cell wiz•, down. 9th. The material used in construe-lima abonl4. be of the most durable kind, and sucks. lie MAW: the greatest resistance to attempts at eseeps,r+l Bricks should never be used briny outside irsN but they serve very well for partitions, especially if the partition•wall be double and faxl with tend." 10th. The window lights should be Arai; estbei+ wise constant communication will be VIA uphill tween the cells. The supply of warm and add' air is easily regulated if the original cruurtrnigeer be properly arranged. The windows should i)4ll' at such a height, and of such a size as to pieWisii` escspes. I Ith. The plan should provide for the inspec tion of the cell building without going up stain. The old mode of building like a dwelling house is very objectionable. The upper flour rarklll:63lll4 1 the house; and the keeper must iscendin 144 . 1 a view of the cell doors, This may be instil:4' against by having a corridor open to the re 44, with' a gallery around it. A glance from one end heloer ~ shows all of the cell doors. When the tnitabee, of cells is increased. this .lu/tentage 41 not loin ott, it: is on the old plan. .. , . The safest end most economical mode t(theill.n ing and ventilating is that captained ill ahr plans/ of the BMks and Lancaster jails. Kean beadefd ed to a building of any sum. Before itjs depend.. i ed upon, the flues must be well dried: • ..,' ' I enclose a rough sketch of a plan recnovnietid;.t ed to the country magistrates of England:` ..lt erri=“ braces ail of the foregoing suggerakions ; and Delhi' designed for twelve cella it seems to apPietWlk near er than any other that I bane, to the !oniser yc4 county. Not only Englaradend France, hitt .4,-; er European countries hive copied the telltasePln a' I , .. . i our State in respect to the, mode of etandinentet4 $' but their authorities hues taken thenOtwlkllls o ‘ long neglected by as, of wining good sbied/-", jails as month') Pena of* good Peel qs looo4 ' l ‘ . With respect to the number of clan it telniodit calculated that a safe animate ie me ad for 040 yr , , thoomand of population. 'This assinsolli prof* varied by.the Aerates*, ins pepahaeoeithi;•; tv agricultu'al or manafitefil :IFini ling; dr.' ' " a t observe 'that by esteseling thi ktliniftie./010' ° . block, you @vintage a elan • tat ill! ' neall '.. t without alteratiele ea* nadpsidiel- _ . of your prisoners for alai 4 1.110. ilit.llo 1 6 04 oteopio:ri,puisiqt .4,*/#r,14000 , 0 1 ...in , giest rs laspip hp., lb. a•korooitiombil , ..uptv.ixvoimosekamicheraiii o6o. the pro Fable future loam* 01111011•0 .014 3 44411. VAPIAt e L. r1it4 . 10 , - 4/44 14;N4 " :111 • 10
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