The star of the north., October 01, 1856, Image 1

THE STAR OF THE NORTH.
Ii W. Wearer, Proprietor.]
VOLUME 8.
THE STAR OF THE NORtn
IT POBUBIIED EVER? WEDNESDAY MORNING BY
n. W. WEAVER,
OfflCK— Up stairs, in the neio brick build
ing, on the south side of Main Street,
third square be.'ow Market.
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sertion. A liberal discount will be made to
those who advertise by the year.
DAVID WILIUUI TUK AUULIIIUN.
ISTS (IF 1840.
Wilmot is more emphatically an abolition
-Ist in these daye than moat of the.Fremont
leaders. And yet, this man, now so ready
to denounce the Constitution, nnd to lake
part in negro meetings, and to cut-frenzy the
wildest fanaticism, was in 1840, sixteen
years ago, convinced that a very mild type
of anti-slavery agitation would separate the
Union. This man, who would now prevei t
every friend of this vory Union from opening
hit lips or casting a ballot in its defence, if
he could—whocniries his political prejudices
even upon the Bench, where he should sit
aa an impartial Judge, and who knows no
language 100 violent and no extreme too
dangerous, in order ro show his treasonable
hatred to the great instrument made by our
fathers—sixteen years ago headed a meeting
to expel anti-slavery speakers from Bradford
county, and was ready, in order to effect this,
to resort to personal violence—and indeed did
encourage his friends lo break up an anti
elavery meeting w hen it was held in Tnwan
da, where he si ill resides. Not only thin, but
in 1810 he was full of affection "Inr our
Southern brethren," and openly justified and
applauded the burning of Pennsy I van is Hall
in the city of Philadelphia. The following
extraordinary accouut of Wilmot'e sentiments
and coupe of action in 1840, is authentic and
undoubted, and will not be denied by Wil
mot himself. We dare and defy him to
prove its incorrectness in a single particu
lar.
Mark the contrast produced by a few years! !
Matk the course lo which he it now. corn- ;
milled in order to gratify Iris feeling of per- j
eonal disappointment and revenga. Behold j
the revolution and the fanaticism lo which i
lie now lends his aid and his counsel. When !
there is real danger to the Union—when the |
whole country is threatened by sectional
abolition and infidel despotism—when (if- !
teen States are sought lo be outlawed and cut ■
off by this same despotism—when Great
Britain shouts for joy over the prospect of a
dissolution—when our " Southern brethren" !
are filled with indignation and alarm—David
Wilmot helps on the insane and dangerous
crusade, and assists to push the crisis in
which the Union is now trembling into a ca
tastrophe such as the civilized world never
saw ! Such ia the difference presented by
the treachery and inconsistency of a single
reckless and unprincipled agitator. Had the
Wilmot of 1840 detected the Wilmot of 1856
in Towauda he would have tied him to the
•take and burned him lo ashes!
The following is the expose of Wilmot's
course in 1840. From Ihe Spectator, publish
ed by Post & Worden, at Monitors, Susque
hanna county, Pa , the following copies have
been made by a reliable and intelligent gen
tlemen, We believe that A. L. Post, Esq.,
one of the editors of the Spectatoi , is now liv
ing in Witmoi's neighborhood. It will he
observed that a number of Wilmot's present
followers acted with him at the meeting
which the lecturer regarded as mobneratic,
while such men as Means, Elwell, Stock
well, Baird, icc., stanJ now where they stood
in 1840:
At a meeting of the citizen* of tlio Borough
of Towtnda, convened at the Court-house on
Monday evening. January 221, 1810, for the
purpose of expressing their view* in rpgunl to
the contemplated Anti-Slavery Convention,
propoaed to be holden in this borough on the
20lh and 30th inn. . Jeaae Woodruff, Esq.,
was called to the Chair, and D. L. Scott ap
pointed Secretary.
On motion, the following named gentle
men were appointed by the Chair, a Com
mittee to prepare a preamble and reaoluiiona,
end to report to an adjourned meeting to
- morrow evening:
DAVID WILMOT, Chairman ; I. H. Sta
pheqs, C. Toucey, E. S. Goodrich, Burton
Kingsbury, Henry J5. Mereur, Nathan Tnttle,
N. N. Bella, J. P. Means, O. R. Tyler, E. S.
Caetle, D. Vsndercook, O. D. Bartlett, E. W.
Morgan, Elhaualn Smith, Wot. Elvvell, Dan
iel Bartlett, Charles S'ockwell, David Cash,
E. W. Baird, Silas Noble, Wilson Scott, Abra
ham Goodwin, S. S. Bailey, and E. L. Fuller.
On motion the meeting adjourned.
Thursday evening, the meeting having
been called to order by the Chair, the Com
mittee, through their Chairman, David Wil
mot, Esq., then reported the following pre
amble and resolutions, which were unani
mously adopted ; .
Whefeas, we.have seen with surprise and
murtifieation, a notice through the medium
of the publio papers, that this place is fixed
npon for the holdingof an Abolition Conven
tion-cut, the 20th end 30th instated have heard
with much regret that efforta are being made
to procure a numerous attendance from
abroad— among others, the notorious Abolition
agitator, Gsrrit Smith— and whereas, we are
earnestly desirous of preserving the quiet and
good order of our village, and also of saving
such as may have contemplated attending
eeid Convention, the trouble end expense of
their journey, therefore,
BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1856/
Resolved, That the citizens of this Borough
are one and ell opposed to the agitation of
the slavery que,lion, believing it calculated
in rend asunder the bonds of brotherhood
and good feeling which at present so hapiljr
prevails among us, creating diesontions and
animosities, and strife in neighborhoods,
churches and families, endangering the prop
erly, happiness and lives of our brethren of
the South, and even the safely and stability
of our beloved Union.
| Resolved, That we have on one occasion,
in a polite and conrteous manner signified to
rhe Abolitionists onr desire that they would
not attempt publicly to prnmolgate their in-
I cendiary doctrines among us; and that they
well know that we would be opposed to
holding their convention here; nod therefore,
wo understand the notice as a direct insult
offered to thiscommonity.
Resolved, Unanimously, That we will use
our best efforts to PREVENT the holding of
said Convention within the limits of the Borough
of Townnda. the threats of the Abolitionists that
they will bring a force here sufficient to overpower
us, to the contrary notwithstanding.
Resolved , That a committee of three be ap
pointed to call upon ilia persons having charge
of the churches and other public building',
a-d request of tbem that the buildings under
their charge be not offered far the holding cf
said Convention,
Abraham Goodwin, F.. S. Goodrich, and
I. H. Stephens were appointed said commit
tee.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this
meeting be signed by the officers and pub
lished in the Banner and Democrat and Brad
ford Argus.
Signed, JF.SSE WOODRUFF, Pres't.
D. L. SCOTT, Sec'y.
CopieJ from Spectator, published by Post
& Worden, at Montrose.
January 30, 1840.
Copied from the Spectator of February 21.
1839, n letter from Wm. M. Chase, an anti
slavery lecturer, addressed to Albeit L. Post,
one of ttie cdiiorsof said Spec'ator, in answer j
to lire inquiry, a< <othe result of said Chase's
tour through Bradford county.
1 Tuesday, 12th inst, I accompanied Dr.
Hortou to Towanda, to attend the annual
mreting of the Bradford county Anti-Slavery
Society. Permission was granted the Society
to occupy the Court-house. In the evening
at half past six o'clock, the meeting was
called to order. Prayer was offered by a
member of the Society; Mr Gamble read
the annual report. The President then intro
duced me to the audience, and after occupy
ing the time ot the meeting about twenty
minutes, I proposed lo the President, that if
the Society would agree, I would now give
way for any one having objections to our
principles or measures lo be heard, at the
same time announcing my intention after
wards to finish what I had to say.
Belnre any vole had been taken that the !
opposition side be heard, Mr! Wilmot, a
member of the bar, srose and commenced
speaking. Trusting to his sense of propriety
and manliness, 1 waited patiently nearly an
hour to hear what he hud to say, when find
ing that not only as regarded time, he was
paying no heed to either, but that his speech
was directly calculated to excite the evil passions
of the mobocratic portion of the audience, I rose
to u point of order, which was, that Mr. Wil
rnnt had not been invited to speak, and as the
County Anti-Slavery Society was occupying
the Court-house at that time, it was their pre
rogative to say who should speak, and how
long. Tho moment I attempted lo speak,
about one hundred boys and men set up such
a screech as would have hushed Stentor him
self. Mr. Wilmot faded from sight, and left
the tail to do what the head failed of After
-repeated attempts to be heard, in which I
was prevented by the hallooing of these
''friends of the Union and free discussion," I sat
don nio await the result. Alter waiting more
than half an hour for the tumuli lo subside,
the Society adjourned.
Such was the treatment we received for
giving our opponents an opportunity to pre
sent their arguments and objections to our
proceedings. Previous to the tnobocratio
declamation of Mr. Wilmot, sotne disturb
ance was made occasionally, such as throw
ing a brickbat against the door, anil nit at
tempt by one of the disturbers to imitate the
barking of a dog, but nothing which prevent
ed my being distinctly heard ; bot after Wil
mnt's misrepresentations of .our measures
and objects, his declaration that he found it
in his heart to palliate the feelings which led
to the burning of Pennsylvania Hall, although
he deprecated the act, and his statement of
supposed cases in which it would be justifia
ble to remova a speaker by torce from the
bouse. After he had directed against me
the whole force of the feelings around by his
supposed cases of Treason and Fanny Wright
ism,the succeeding outrages lollowed as quite
a natural consequence. I believe that, had
it not been for Mr. Wilmot's speech, the
meeting of the Bradford County Anti-Slavery
Society would not have been broken up by
such lawless proceedings."
Signed, VVM. M. CHASE.
TUB SOUTH LOOSES—NOT GAINS nt
THE THREE-FIFTHS VOTE.
We have bad occasion several timea da
ring oar political labors, says the Ohio Stales
man, to correct the misrepresentations of the
Democratic: party in relation to the provision
of the United States Constitution in regard to
the three-filths basis of the slave population
in the South. When the South agreed to
this provision she greatly weakened her rep
resentation in the Honae of Congress, and it
is used in the north only for agitation, end
|to mislead the public mind. We have heard
; men go so far in their propagation ot mis
chief and falsehood as to assert that a South
erner holding five slaves, had four voles, his
own and three for his five slaves. And it is
just auch a system of false electioneering
that our opponents expect to prepare the
public mind, not only against the South, but
against the Constitution of their country also,
so that when the hour arrives to throw off all
disguise and declare for a dissolution of the
Union, their followers will be sufficiently ex
asperated arid intensified to go any length.—
Hence the importance of using the political
priests on Sabbath days, to warm up the pre
judices of the brethren, that during "week
days" they may refuse to receive troth to
modify their aroused enmities on Sunday.
We copy from the Chicago J'imes the fol
lowing upon the aubject of the three-fifths
vote which may be read with interest:
"EVERT SLAVEHOLDER HAS FIVE VOTES."—
One of the most common of all the fraudu
lent statements made by the orators of the
opposition is, that owing to the peculiar na
ture of the institution o( slavery, every slave
holder has five vole, while a Northern man
has but one vote. Strange as it may appear, '
we met a man the other day who was willing
to wager that such was the fact. We need
r.ol add, that lie was eloquent upon the out
rageous advantages slaveholders have over
f r ee while men at the North. This misrep
lesentation has been exposed often ; but as
it is often thrown in the face of the Democ
racy by these "freedom shtiekers," we will
explain the (ruth of the matter again :
The subject is regulated by the Constitu
tion which, in Article 1, Section 2, has the
following:
"Repiesentalives and direct taxes shall be
apportioned among the several States which !
may be included within the Union, according 1
to their respective numbers, which shall be ;
determined by adding to the whole number
of free persons, including those bound to ser
vice lor a nnmber ol years, not including
Indians, not taxed, three-fifths of all other
persons."
A few words will explain the practical op--
eration of this provision. Ic the Slate of Illi
nois, all persons, men, women and children,
including all negroes, are included in that
population which is made the basis of repre
sentation in Congress. Supposing the ratio
of the Representatives was one member of ;
Congress for each one hundred thousand in-'
habitants, and that Illinois '.lad a population !
of one million whites and three hundred :
thousand negroes, yet, as the negroes of llli-1
nois are free, Illinois would be entitled to
thirteen members of Congress. But change
the scene to Kentucky. But that Kentucky
has a population of the same number, and
divided in the same proportion between
whites and blacks—yet because her negroes
are slaves, she is not entitled to thirteen Rep
resentatives. She would be entitled to ten,
! for her million of whiles*; but her 300,000
, negroes only count 180,000 as federal popu
■ Islion, and are less than sufficient lo entitle
| her to two Representatives. Three hundred
! thousand negroes in a Iree State, conot, in
; the apportionment ol Representatives, as so
; many while persons; but the same number
| of negroes in a slave State, are only counted,
: for a liko purpose, as one hundred and eighty
i thousand persons. The result is, that the
slave States lose, under this provision of the
; Constitution, two-fifths of their negro popula
j tinn, in the apportionment of Represents
, lives. The negro population at the North is
! but small, when compared with that of the
! South. But, in proportion that the negro
population ol the South is greater than at the
North, so is the loss of the South in the mat
ter or representation. Estimating tho slave
population ol the Southern States at the fig
( tires furnished by the census of 1850, we find
|it stated lo be 3,198,321. This population is,
< numerically, nearly equal lo tltul of the six
| New England States and the Sates of Mich
| igan and California added. The aggregate
population of these eight States was, in 1850,
3,208,367. Their aggregate representation
1 in the House of Representatives is thirty-five
members.
While every man in these eight States,
black and white, is counted in the appor
tionment of Representatives, the same num-
Der of persons at the south suffer a'reduction
of twelfths. The advantage of this provi
sion in the constitution is wholly on the side
of the North. Where the advantage is, can
he distinctly seen by inquiring what lite ef
fect of its repeal would be. Abolish this dis
tinction, and the North retains its present
condition; but the federal population of tho
South wonld be increased in the proportion
of two fifths of the slave population.
The voters in the Slate of Illinois are, ex
clusively, tho white male citizens above the
age of 24 years. These men vole for them
selves, for the women, children, and all the
negroes in the State- The voters in South
Carolina nre the white citizens above the age
of twenty-one years, and they vote just as
the voters of Illinois do, for all the men, wo
men, children, antl negroes in the Slate. The
only difference between the people ol this
Slate and South Carolina it, that ninety-three
thousand seven hundred negroes will give us
a repAeillative in Congress, while at the
South it requires over one hundred and fifty
thousand persons of that charaoter to entitle
a State to • representative in Coogresa.—
When an abolitionist tells you that slave
owners vote three votes for five negroes in
their States, answer him that the only difer
ence between the free Stales and the Slave
is, that at the South, five negroes couot as
but three persona, while here they count as
five.
Truth and Bifht God and our Country.
A 111 I,l—-F)U THE HBTTI-BMENT OF
TIL£ KANSAS DIFFICULTIES.
The following bill, for the admission of
Kansaa in the Union, was passed by the U.
S. Senate, an'd rejected by the Black Repub
licans of the House:
The first section of the bill provides for
the appointment of five commissioners, to
be appointed by the President and confirm
ed by the Senate, and prescribes the oath
to be taken.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That it
shall be the duly of said commissioners, un
der such regulations as the Secretary of the
Interior may prescribe, lo cause lo be made
a full and faithful enumeration of the legal
voters resident in each county in the said
Territory on the fourth day of July, eight
teen hundred and fifty-six, and make returns
thereof during the month eUAtfgust next, or
as soon thereafter aa practicable, one of
which returns shall be made to the office of
the Secretary of the Interior, and one to the
Secretary of the Territory of Kansas, and
which shall also exhibit the names of all
such legal voters, aiassed in such manner as
shall be prescribed by the regulations of the
Secreta-y ol the Interior.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That it
shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Inte
rior, immediately after the passage of this act
to prescribe regulations and forms to bo ob
served in making ibe enumeration aforesaid,
and to furnish the same with all necessary
printed blanks to eaoh of the commissioners
as soon as may be after their appointment;
and the commissioners shall meet without
delay at the seat of government in Kansas
Territory, and proceed to the discharge of
the duties herein imposed upon them, and
appoint a Secretary lo the bosrd, and such
other persons as shall be necessary to aid
and assist them i.l taking the enumeration
herein provided for, who must also be duly
sworn faithfully, impartially, and truly to
discharge the uuties assigned them by the
commissioners.
SEC. 4th provides for the division of the
State into fifty-two representative districts on
the basis of tbe census.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the
said board, immediately after the apportion
ment of the members of said convention,
shall cause a sufficient number of copies
thereof and of the returns of the census
(specifying the name of each legal voter in
each county or district) to be published and
distributed among the inhabitants of the
several counties, and shall transmit one copy
of said apportionment and census, duly au
tUoniMaittU by to caeit ch>rfc' of a court
ol record within the Territory, who shall
file the same, and keep open for inspection
of every inhabitant who shall desire to ex
amine it, and shall also cause other copies
to be posted up in at least three of the most
public places in each voting precise!, to the
end that every inhabitant may inspect the
same, and apply to the board to correct any
error he may find therein, in the manner
hereinafter provided.
SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That'said
board shall remain in session each day, Sun
days excepted, from the time of making
said apportionment until the twentieth day
of October next, at such places as shall be
most convenient to the inhabitants of said
Terriiory, and shall proceed to the inspection
of said returns, and hear, correot, and finally
determine according to the facts, without un
reasonable delay, under proper regulations
to be made by the board for the ascertain
ment of disputed facts concerning said enu
meration, all questions concerning the omis
siou of any person from said returns, or the
improper insertion of any name on said re
turns, oi any other question affecting the in
tegrity or fidelity of said returns, and for this
purpose the said board ami each member
j thereof shall have the power to administer
oaths and examine witnesses, and compel
their attendance in such manner ss said
board shall deem necessary.
i SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That as
coon as the said lists of legal voters shall
have been revised and corrected, it shall be
the duty ol said board to cause copies there
to be printed and distributed generally a
tr.ong the inhabitants of the proposed State,
and one copy shall be deposited with the
clerk of each court of record within the
limits of the proposed State, and one copy
delivered to each judge of the election, and
at least three copies shall be posted up at
each place of voting.
SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That an
election shall be held for members of a con
vention to form a constitution" for the State
of Kansas, according to the apportionment
to be made aforesaid, on the Ist Tuesday af
tor lite Ist Monday in November, eighteen
hundred and fifty-six, to be held ut such
places and to be conducted in such manner,
both to persons who shall superintend such
election end the returns thereof as the board
of commissioners shall appoint or direct, ex
cept in cases by this act of otherwise provi
ded: and at such election no person shall be
permitted to vote unless his name shall ap
pear on said corrected lists.
SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That the
board of commissioners shall have power,
and it shall be their duty, to make all
needful rules and regulations for the conduct
of the said election and the returns thereof.
They shall appoint three suitable judges of
the election at each place of voting, and
prescribe the mode of supplying vacancies.
They shall cause copies of the rules and
regulations, with a notice of the places of
holding elections, and the names of the
judges, to be published end distributed in
every eleotiou district or preoinct ten days
before the dsy of election, end shall transmit
i a copy thereof to the clerk of each court of
record, and one copy to each judge of elec
tion.
SEC. 10. And be it further enacted, That the
jodges of election, shall each, before enter
ing on the discharge of his duties, make
oath or affirmation that he will faithfully and
impartially discharge the duties of judge ol
'the election according to law, which oath
may be administered by any officer authori
zed by law to administer oaths. The clerks
of election shall be appointed by the judges,
and shall take the like oath or affirmation,
to be administered by one of the jndges or
by any of the officers aforesaid. Duplicate
returns of election shall bo made and certi
fied by the judges and clerks, one of which
shall be deposited in the office of the clerk
of the tribunal transacting county business
for (he county in H.ich the election is held,
and the other shall be transmitted lo the
board of commissioners, whose duty it shall
be to decide, under proper regolations to ba
made by themselves, who are entitled to
certificates of election, and to issue
tificatea accordingly, to the persons who,
upon examination of the returns ami of such
proofs as shall be adduced in case of a con
test, shall appear to have been duly elected
in each county or district: Prnvided, In case
of a tie or contest, in which it cannot be sat
isfactorily elected, said commissioners shall
order a new election in like manner as is
herein provided. Upon the completion of
these duties the said commissioners shall
return to Washington, and report their pro
ceedings to the Secretary of the Interior,
whereupon the said commission shall cease
and detetmine.
SEC 11. And be it further enacted Thai ev- I
ery while mule citizen of the United States j
over 31 years of uge, who may be a bona
fide inhabitant ol said Territory on the fourth
day*of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-six,
and who shall have resided three months
next before said election in the county in
which he offers to vole, and no other person
whatever shall be entitled to vote at said
election, and any person qualified as a voter
mny be a delegate to Faid convention, and
no others, and all persons who shall possess
the other qui.lification lor voters under this
act, and who 6hall have been 6onn fide in
habitants of raid Territory at any time since
its organization, sud who shall have absent
ed themselves therefrom in consequence of
the disturbances therein, and who shall re
turn before the first day of October next and
become bono fide inhabitants of the Territory
with the intent of making it their permanent
home, and shall present such satisfactory
evidence of these facts to the board of com
missioners, shall be entitled to vote at said
election, and to iiave their names placed on
said corrected list of voters for that purpose;
and to avoid all conflict in the complete ex
ecution of this act, all other elections in said
Territory are hereby postponed until such
time as said convention shall appoint.
SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the
said commissioners, and all persons appoint
ed by them to assist in taking the census,
shall have power to administer oaths and
examine persons on oath in all Cases where
it shall be necessary to the full and faithful
performance of their duties under this act;
and the secretary shall knep a journal of the
proceedings of said board, and transmit cop
ies thereof from lime to time to the Secretary
ol the Interior; and when said commisioners
shall have completed the business of their
appointment, the books and papers of the
i board shall be deposited in the office of the
Secretary of the Territory, and there kept as
records of the office.
The 13'.h, 14lh and 15ih sections impose
severe penalties of fine and imprisonment
for interrupting or übusing the right of sul
frage.
Sic. 16. And be it further enacted, That the
delegates thus elected slia'l assemble in con
vention at the capilol of said Territory on
the first Monday in December next; and
when eo assembled, shall first determine by
a majority of the whole number of members
elected whether it be or be not expedient at
that time to form a constitution and State
gnvernment, and if deemed expedient shall
proceed to form a constitution and State gov
ernment, which shall be republican in its
form, for admission into the Union on an
equal footing with the original States in all
respects whatever, by the name of the State
of Kansas, with the following boundaries, to
wit: beginning on the western boundary of
the State of Missouri, where the thirty-seventh
parallel of north latitude crossess the same,
then west on said parallel to the one hundred
and third meridian of longitude, then north
on said meridian of the fortieth parallel of
latitude to the western boundary of the Stale
of Missouri, then southward with said boun
dary to the beginning; and until the next
congressional apportionment the said State
Bhall have one representative in the House
of Representatives of the United States.
Section 17th provides for compensation oi
Commissioners.
Sac. 18. And be it further enacted, Ttiit in
aamuoli of the Constitution of the United Statej
and the organic act of said Territory h se
cured to the inhabitants thereof certain inal
ienable rights, of which they cannot be de
prived by any legislative enactment, there
fore no religious test shall ever be required
as a qualification to any office or public
trust; no law shall be in force or enforced in
said Territory respecting an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise there
of; or abridging the freedom of speech or
the press, or of the right of the people peace
ably to assemble, and petition for the redress
of grievances; the right of the people to se
cure in their persoos, homes, peps re and ef-
fects against unreasonable searches and seit
urea, shall not be violated; and no warrant
■ball iaue but upon probable cause, support
ed by oalh or affirmation, and particularly
describing the place to be searched, and the
person or thing, to be seized ; nor shall the
rights of the people to keep and bear arms
be infringed. No person shall be held to an
swer for a capital or otherwise infamous
crime, unless on a presentment or indictment
of a grand jury; nor shall any parson be sub
ject for the same offence to be twice pnt in
jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be com
pelled in any criminal case to be a witness
against himself, nor deprived of life, liberty,
or property without due process of law ; nor
shall private properly be taken for public use
without just compensation. In all criminal
persecution!, the accused shall enjoy the
right to a speedy and pubiic trial by an im
partial jury of the district wherein the crime
shall have been (committed, which district
shall have been previously ascertained by
law ; end to be informed of the nature and
cause of the accusation; to be confronted
with the witnesses against him; to have
compulsory process of obtaining witnesses in
his favor, and to have the'assistance of conn
eel for his defence. The privilege of habeas
cerpus shall not be suspended unless, when
in case of rebellion or invasion, (be public
safety may require it. In suits of common
law, where the value in controversy shall ex
ceed twenty dollars, the right oflSial by jory
shall be preserved, and no fact tried by jnry
shall be otherwise re-examined in any court
of the United Stales than according to the
rules of the common lew. Excessive bail
shall not be required, nor exceseive tinea im
posed, nor ciuel and unusual punishments
ir.flicled. No law shall be made or have
force or effect in said Territory which shall
require a test oath or oath to support any act
of Congress or other legislative act as a qual
ification for any civil office or public trust, or
for any employment or profession, or to serve
as a juror or vote at an election, or which
shall impose any lax upon or condition to the
exercise of the right of suflrage by any qual
ified voter, or which shall restrain or prohibit
the free discussion of any law or subject
legislation in the said Territory, or the free
expression of opinion thereon by the people
of 6aid Territory.
From the Sunbury Gazelle.
1 UK'PACIFICATION DILL.
On the 23d of June last, Mr. Toombs, of
Georgia, presented his bill for the admission
of Kansas as a State, a measure which
would at once have prevented the interfe
rence in the affairs of that territory by out
siders from both sections of the Union,
which every one will concede has been the
cause of the difficulties in Kansas. The
Black Republicans, previous to the presen
tation of this bill, were urgent for the ad
mission of the territory as a State. They
said that it was the only act that would do
justice to tho people of the territory; the
sole means of preventing Kansas falling a
victim to the slave power. Nine-tenths of
the inhabitants, urged their loaders in Con
gress, are in favor of freedom, and if they
are allowed a chance of immediate admis
sion, they would adopt a tree Constitution.
The Democrats in the Senate were wil
ling to meet them in this view. Accord
ingly, Mr. Toombs presented a bill which
offered such fair terms to the opposition
that the members of the Black Republican
party who are really sincere in the opinions
they entertain upon the Kansas question,
must be at a loss to know why their leaders
did not accept it. We publish the bill in
another column, that all may become ac
quainted with the terms it offered.
It provided that five Commissioners should
be appointed by the President, who should
go immediately to Kansas and take an offi
cial enumeration of all the actual, bona fide
inhabitants who were in the territory on the
4th of July, 1856. The regulations govern
ing the taking of the enumeration will be
found in the bill we publish. Then, after
taking the enumeration or lists of legal vo
ters, an election of delegates to a Conven
tion to frame a Constitution for the new State,
was to be held on the first Tuesday after
the first Monday in November," at which
election none would be allowed to vote but
those whoso names were down on the offi
cial lists of voters. The regulations govern
j ing the election, will beTound in the bill.
I Then, after the oleciion of the delegates to
the Convention for framing the Constitution,
that Convention was to meet at the Capitol
of he Territory on the first Monday in De
ecember, 1806, and decide whether it was
expedient to be admitted yet ns a Stato, and
if they thought it was expedient to ask for
admission, then they were to determine
upon such a Constitution as accorded with
the will of the majority of the legal voters
of the Territory.
Here was a bill held out. by the Demo
crats to the Black Republicans in compli
ance with their wish, repeatedly expressed
that Kansas should be speedily admitted as
a Stato, and the terms of this peace offering
were so fair and just, so well calculated to
settle the vexed question, that John C. Hale,
the Abolitionist from New Hampshire, ex
pressed his approval of it in the following
words
"But, fir, I do not want lo dwell on that
aubjeci, but to apeak a very few words in
reference to this bill which has been intro
duced by the Senator from Georg;a. 1 take
thit occasion to say that the bill, at a whole,
does great credit to the magnanimity, to the
patriotism, and to the sense of justice of the
honorable senator who introduced it. It Is s
much fairer bill than I ex pooled from that
[Two Dollars per Annua.
NUMBER 37.
fatitude. f say ao became fam always Wil
ling sod determined, when I hsveoecssion to
speak anything, to do ample justice. I think
the bill is almost unexceptionable.'-
Mr. Hale spoke thia on the spur of lb*
moment. He had nbt been subjected b,'par
ty drill, which afterwards compelled bun to
oppose the bill which,Jn hia better judgment,
he pronounced as almost unexceptionable.
The Black Republicans at once saw that if
this bill was passed the troubles in Kansas
would be terminated, and lha only means by
which tbey hoped to iarfy tbt Presidential
election would be removed. Tbey Were
bound to oppose it, although tbeir opposition
lo it placed them befoie the country as a set
of hypocritical agitßtors, who were crying
aloud far peace in Kansas, and lamenting
over the w/ongs inflicted upon the penpte at
that territory, and yet rejected the only plan
proposed for terminating the difficulties, and
rendering to the inhabitants of the territory
a full measure of right and justice.
Objections were raised immediately to the
bill, firstly, that the lawa of the territory re
strain free discussion on the subject of sla
very, and impose te'. oaths for suffrage and
office, and consequently the pro slavery par
ty in Kansas would have the advantage. The
friends of the bill met them by the assurance
that all such laws should be abolished by the
provisions of the very bill. Ths last section
of the bill abolishes such laws. See 18th
section of the bill which we publish.
In the second place it was objected that
many of tho Free State men had been driv
en out of tho Territory, leaving a majority
of pro-slavery men to vote at the elootion,
and therefore, the bill would make Kansaa
a Slave State. This objection, with a spirit
of accommodation which characterized the
Democrats through the entire discussion,
was promptly met by an amendment to the
11th section, giving all who had left the ter
ritory on account of the disturbances an op
portunity of retiring, and of having their
names registered on tho lists of legal voters
at any time before the Ist of October, thus
giving them nearly three months, from the
4th of July to the Ist of October, in which
they might return. See 11th section of the
bill published.
Now mark the hypocrisy of this objection.
Up till within a day previous to the offering
of this bill the Black Republicans in Con
gress urged the immediate admission of
Kansas. They said that nine tenths of the
inhabitants were opposed to slavery, and it
was outrageously unjust to prevent their
coming in as a free Sta'e. But no sooner
than was ttds bill offered, which would have
given them an opportunity of coming in as
a free State, and which would have settled
the civil war, the Black Republicans object
ed to it upon the ground that many free
State men had been driven out. If them
was any truth in this, the bill gave them am
ple time to return, but the Black Republi
cans had previously insisted that nine tenths,
of the inhabitants were Free State men, and
thnt without any interference from Missou
ri they would be able to establish a free
Constitution. The bill prevented interfer
ence from Missouri, and from every where
else, by permitting none to vote except those
whose names would be found upon lists ta
ken of bona fide voters residing in the Ter
ritory three months previous to the elec ion,
or those who had been driven out from the
Territory and had returned and registered
their names one month previous to the elec
tion.
The third objection to the bill was that
the penalties for abusing and obstructing the
right of suffrage were too light. The penal
ties were immediately increased to meet
this objection.
The last objection was, that the President,
with the consent of the Senate, had the right
to appoint the commissioners, and they had
no confidence in this appointing power. To
meet this difficulty, General Cass rose in his
place and gave them a pledge, on the part
of tho President and the Senate, that the
Commissioners should be selected from both
political parties, and all be men of the high
est integrity and ability.
Thus was every objection to this bill an
swered by conceding everything that could
serve as a ground of opposition to it. Ev
ery defect, real or Imagined, was readily
amended, and so sincerely were the project
ors of the bill disposed to surmount every
opposition, and satisfy every objection, that
had the opposition assisted them in their
project for settling the troubles in Kansas,
and providing a measure for its speedy ad
mission as a Stat, a u the difficulties would
now be settled, and Kansas, by the first of
lanuary, 1857, would have been admitted
as a Free Stale, for they themselves asserted
before the offering of the bill, that nine
tenths of the real inhabitants were Free
State men, and the bill prohibited voting by
any but by real inhabitants.
But after these hypocritical objections had
been met by tho most liberal offers, tlio
Black Republicans rejected the bill entirely,
and a motion was made by Senator Wilson
of Massachusetts, that the entire bill be
stricken out, and a single section inserted
abolishing all the laws now in force in Kan
sas, both tho good laws necessary for the
government of the Territory, as well as the
bad ones, which every ene will admit were
passed by the Legislature, leaving the peo
ple in anarchy and confusion. This was
what they wanted. Civel war, blood and
anarchy were to be the means of their suc
cess in the Presidential election, and Ut
bring about this end all laws were to be
abolished. The bill for the settlement of
the difficulties, although it abolished the
obnoxious laws of which they have com-