THE STAR OF THE NORTH. K, W. Wearer Proprietor.] Troth and Right God and our Country. [Two Dollars per Annua VOLUME 7. THE STAR OF THE NORTH IS PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING B*. R. W. WEAVER, OFFICE— Up stairs, in the new brick build ing, On the south side of Stain Steert, third square below Market. TERMS Two Dollars per annum, if paid within six months from the time of sub scribing ; two dollars and fifty cents if not paid within the year. No subscription re ceived for a less period than six months ; no ■*- discontinuance permitted until all arrearages •re paid, unless at the option of the editor. ADVERTISEMENTS not exceeding one square will be inaerted three times for One Dollar and twenty-five cents for each additional in sertion. A liberal discount will be made to those who advertise by the year. CHOICE POETRYT~ From the Evening Bulletin. THE SLEIGH ItIDE. BY J. W. 3. Do you remember, Sarah Jane, Before you were 'my biide, When I sat m a one horse sleigh, And you sal by my side ? Long I had loved you, Sarah Jane, But hopes my heart had none ; Though you were single , I dared not Beleive that you weie won. Oh well 1 reccollect, my love, When frutn the house you came ; My hands and feet were cold but oil! My heart was all a flame '. Oh, Sarah Jane, I was afraid, But I ne'er told you so, Those melting eyes of yours would prove Destructive to the snow. * And I remember, Sarah Jane, The very dress you wore ; Your neck's not long, but from your head Your body it was/ur. So well you looked in it, my love, (I think 'twas lynx, my life:) That I'm no: certain but that lynx Now links us two for life. For I remember that I cried In accents true and warm ; "Oh happy beast to give its bide To hide so tair a form !" At which wild words you smiled,and then With eyes lit with Love's ray Gave me your hand —but ah, it was To help you in the sleigh I And oh that boanet that you wore ! Can 1 forget it ?—no. As it became you,n.uch 1 wished 1 might become its bow. So crazy was the joy I felt, \ That all restraint it mocks— * I would have hung the robber wind For tampering with your locks ! I wished I was a child again, For if 'twere so, 1 knew That of the alphabet 1 would Bemember only (/. The sky was clear, the sun shone down Upon the ice and snow ! But yet that ice was uot as bright As other eyee I koow. And when we reached the turnpike gate Wide opeu it did roil; But as I had a belle with me I had to stop and toll. And there a man, half drunk, [ think, llan into us, you know, And very coolly threw us both Into a pile of snow. But yet a* 'twas hard times just then, That man we have to thank, He gave us situations, lore, Together in a bank. 'Twns not a long while after this Before thatbless'd day came, * When you before the altar stood And altered there youi name. Long we've beer, wed, a cot's our home, Yet Sarah Jane, I vow I'd change it not for princely hall Fo t you my all are uow I THE NEW DISEASE which has made its ap pearance in New York, is called the pustule maligne. It is said to be a rare occurrence in this country. It is a "gangrenous infla malion of the skin, involving more or less deeply the sub-cutaneous areolar tissue."— Persons whose occupation brings them in contact with animals that have died from malignant diseases, are most liable to be at tacked by it. Exposure to the putrid efflu via of sewers, cemeteries, or stagnant waters, also sometimes causes the disease in indi viduals who Bre predisposed to it. There have been various modifications of treatmenl recommended by different surgeons. Some advise the cautery alone ; others, the extirpa tion of the tumor, followed by the cautery.- Dr. Hoeaok's treatment was a crucial incis ion, with the application of a warm poul tice, and the wound dressed with stimulating ointment, to keep up free suppuration for several days. When ibis ceased, the wound was drawn together with adhesive straps, and healed with little or no trace of the incis ion. In dividing the tumor, it will appear as if the knife passed through a honey-comb, and upon examining the surfaces, they ap pear to be partitioned off into cells, escb cell filled with matter, and not seeming to com municate.—Ledger. ESORMOU* YIELD OY POTATOES.—We saw, L %Bays the California Herald, some potatoes a. from the ranch of Judge Ladd, which were the finest we have ever seen in California They aveiaged ten pounds to the hill, at rate the acre which be has planted yield 48,400 pounds. They are selling H^Rreadi ly at six cents a pound. At this rate J.he acre of potatoes will amount to the sum of 12,904 ! Truly, I see, lie that will but stand to the truth, it will carry him out.— Geo. fox. BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY. PA., THURSDAY. JULY 5, 1855. TOLKIt ATlOtt. BELOW we give some extracts from a let ter to the English electors, by SIDNEY SMITH. The letter was writton during the agitation of the question of Catholic Emancipation. Mr. Smith, the author of this letter, was an emi nent English Protestant clergyman, and known in the literary world, as oae among the foremost scholars and the ablest writers of bis'day. We commend the letter to the careful consideratito of the thoughtful and reflecting of all parties and every creed : Our government is called essentially Prot estant; but if it be essentially Protestant in the imposition of taxes, it should be essen tially Protestant in the distribution of offices. The treasury is open to all religions, Parlia ment only to one. The tax-gatherer is the most indulgent and liberal of human brings: he excludes no creed, imposes no articles; but counts Catholic cash, pockets Protestant paper; and i. candidly and impartially op pressive to every description of the Chrirtian world. Can any thing be more base than when you want the blood or the money of the Catholic, to forget that they are Catho lics, and to remember only that they are British subjects ; and when they ask for the benefits of the British Constitution, to re member only that they are British subjects ? No Popery, was the cry of the great Eng lish Revolution, because the increase and prevalence of Popery in England would, at that period, have rendered this island tribu tary to France. The Irish Catholics were at that period, broken to pieces by the severity ar.d military execution of Cromwell, and by the penal laws. They are since become a great and formidable people. The same droad of foreign influence makes it now ne cessary that they should be restored to po litical rights. Must the friends of national liberty join in a clamor against the Catholics now, because, in a very different state of the world, they excited that clamor a hundred years ago ? I remember a house near Bat tersea Bridge which caught fire, and there was general cry of "Water, water!" Ten years aftnr, the Thames rose, and the people of the house were nearly drowned. Would it not have been rather singular to have said to the inhabitants, *1 heard you calling for water ten years ago, why don't you call for it now -' There are some men who think the pres ent times so incapable of forming any opin ions, that they are always looking back to the wisdom ol our ancestors. Now, as the Catholics set in the English parliament to the reigh of Charles 11. and in the Irish Parlia ment, 1 believe, till Jjte reign of King Will iam, the precedents arc mote in their favor than otherwise; and to replace them in Par liament seems rather to return to, than to de viate from, the practice of our ancestors.— We are taunted with our prophetical spir it, because it is said by the advocates of the Catholic ques<ion that the thing must come to pass; that it is inevitable: our prophecy, however, is founded upon experience and common sense, and is nothing more than the application of the past to the future. In a few years time,when the madness and wretch edness of war are forgotten, when the great er part of those who have lost in war, legs and arms, health and sons, have gone to tlieii graves, the same scenes will be acted over again in the world. France, Spain, Russia and America, will be upon us. The Catho lics will watch their opportunity, and soon settle the question of Catholic emancipation. To suppose that any nation can go on in Ihe midst of foreign wars, denying common jus tice to seven millions of men, in the heart of the empire, awakened to their situation, and watching for the critical moment of redress, does, I confess, appear lo me lo be Ihe height of extravagance. To foertell the consequence ol such causes, in my humble apprehension, demands no more of shrewdness tliar. lo poiot out the probable results of leaving a lighted candle stuck up in an open barrel of gunpow der. It is very difficult to make the,mass of j mankind believe that the state of things is ' ever to be otherwise than they have been | accustomed to see it. I have very often heard old persons describe the impossibility o! ma king any one believe that the American Col onies could ever be separated from ibis coun try. It was always considered as an idle droam of discontented politicians, good enough to fill up the periods of a speech, but which no practical man, devoted to the spirit of party, considered to be within the limits of possibility. There was a period when the slightest concession would have satisfied the Americans : but all the world was in heroics, one set of gentlemen met at the Lamb, and another at the Lion; blood and treasure men, breathing war, vengeance, aod contempt; and in eight years afterwards, an awkward looking gentleman in plain clothes walked upon the drawingrooin of St. James's, in the midst of the gentlemen of the Lion and Lamb, and was introduced as the Ambassador from the United States of America. * * Because the Catholics are intolerant will we be intolerant: but did any body ever hear be fore that any government is to imitate the vices of its subjects? It the Irish were a rash, violent, and intemperate race, are they to be treated with rashness, violence, and intem perance ? If tbey were addicted to fraud and falsehood, are tbey to be treated by those who rule them with falsehood? Are there to be perpetual races in error and viue be tween the people and the lords of the people.' Is the supreme power always to find virtues among the people ; never to teach them by laws and institutions? Make all sects free, and let them learn the value of the blessing to other* by their own enjoyment of it, but if no:, let Ihem lecrn ii by your vigilance and firm resistance toevery thing intolerant. Tol eration will then become u habit and a prac- ingrafted upon the manners of a people, when they find the law too strong for them and that there is no use in being intoler ant. It is Very true that the Catholics have a double allegiance, but it is equally true that their second or spiritual allegiance has noth ing to do with civil policy, and does not, in the most distant manner, interfere with their allegiance to the crown. What is meant by allegiance to the crown, is, I presume, obe dience to acts of parliament, and a resistance to thoso who are constitutionally proclaimed to be the enemies of the country. I have seen and heard of no instance, for this centu ry and a half past, where the spiritual sover eign has presumed to meddle with the affairs of the temporal sovereign. The Catholics deny him such power by the most solemn oaths which the wit of ntan can devise. In every war, the army and navy are full of Calholio officers and soldiers; and if their allegiance in temporal matters is unimpeach able and ummpeacbed, what matters to whom they choose to pay spiritual Obedience, and to adopt as their guide in genuflexion and psalmody? Suppose these same Catholics were foolish enough to be governed by a set of Chinese moralists in their diet, this would ba third allegiance; and if they were regu -1 lated by Brahmins in their dress, this would be a foutlh allegiance ; and if they received the direction of the Patriarch of the Greek Church in educating their children, here is nnother allegiance; and as long as they fought and .paid taxes, and kept clear of the quarter sessions and assizes, what matters how many fanciful supremacies and frivolous allegian ces they choose to manufacture or accumu late for themselves? * # * Mild and genteel people do not like the idea of persecution, and are advocates for tol eration ; but theu they think it no act of in tolerance to deprive Catholics of political power. The hisiory of this is, that all men secretly like to punish others for not being ol the same opinion, with themselves, and that this sort of privation is the only species of persecution, of which the improved feeling and advanced cultivation of the age will ad-- mil. Fire and fagot, chains and stone walls, have been clamored away; nothing remains but to mortify a man's pride, and to limit bis resources, and lo set a mark upon him, by cutting him off from his fair sharj of political power. By thia receipt, insolence is gratifi ed, and humanity is not shocked. The gent les! Protestant can see, with dry eyes, Lord Slounon excluded from Parliament, though he would abominate the most distant idea of personal cruelty lo Mr. Petre. This is only to'say (hatha lives in the nineteenth, instead ol the sixteenth century, and that he is as in tolerant in religions matters as the state of manners existina in his sge will permit. Is it not the same spirit which wounds the pride of a fellow-creature on account of his faith, or which casts his body into the flames? Are they any thing else but degrees and mod ifications of the same principle? The minds of these two men no more differ because they differ in their degrees cf punishment, than their bodies differ, because one woreadoub let in the time of Mary, and the other wears a coal in the reigh of George. Ido not ac cuse (Item of intentional cruelty and injus tice ; I am sure they are very many excel lent men who' would be shocked if they could conceive themselves to be guilt) of anything like cruelty: but they innocently gave a wrong name to the bad spirit which is with it) them, and think they are tolerant, hecause they are not as intolerant as they could have been in other limes, but cannot be now. The true spiiit is to search after God and for an other lite with lowliness of heart; to fling down no man's altar, lo punish no man's prayer; to heap no penalties and no pains on those solemn supplications which, in di vers tongues, and in varied forms, and in temples of a thousand shapes, but with one deep sense of human dependence, men pour forth to God. It is completely untrue that the Catholic religion is what it was three centuries ago, or that it is unchangeable and unchanged These are mere words, without the shadow pf truth to support them. If the pope were to address a bull to the kingdom of Ireland, ex communicating the Duke of York, and cut ting him off from the succession, for his Prot estant effusion in the House of Lords, he would be laughed at as a lunatic in all the Catholic chapels in Dublin. Tbo Catholics would not now burn Protestants as horetics. In many parts of Europe, Catholics and Prot estants worship in one ohuroh—Catholics at eleven, Protestants at one ; they sit in the same Parliament, are elected to the same of fice, live together without hatred or friction, under equal laws. Who can see and know these things, and say that the Catholic reli gion is unchangeable and unchanged ? You talk of their abu*e of the Reformation, but is there any end to the obloquy and abuße with which the Catholics are upon ev ery point, and from every quarter assailed ? Is there any one folly, vice, or crime, which the blind fury of Protestants does not lavish upon tbem? and do you suppose all this is to be beard in silence, and without retalia tion? Abuse as much as you please, if you are going to emancipate, but if you intend to do nothing for the Catholics but to call them names, you must not be put out of tem per if you receive a few ugly appellations in return. The great object of men who love party better than truth, is to have it believed that the Catholics slone have been persecutors; but what can be more flagrantly unjust to take our notions of history only from thocon quering and triumphant party ? If you think the Catholics have not their Books of Mar tyrs as well as the Protestants, take the fol lowing enumeration of some of their most learned and careful writers. The whole number of Catholics who have suffered death in England for tlie exercise of the Roman Catholic religion since the Reformation : Henry VIII. ... 60 Elizabeth ... 204 James I. 25 Charles I. and j .23 Commonwealth j Charles 11. ... 8 Total 319 Henry VIII. with a consnmate impartiality, burnt three Protestants and hanged four Cath olics for different errors in religion on the same day and same place. Elizabeth burnt two Dutch Anabaptists for some theological tenets, July 22, 1575, Fox the marlvrologist vainly pleading with the queen in their lavor. In 1579, the same Protestant queen cutoff the hand of Slubbs, the author of a tract against popish conneclion, of Singleton, the i printer, and Page the dispcrser of the book. Camden saw it done. VVarburlon properly says it exceeds in cruelly any thing done bj Charles I. On 4th of June, Mr. EliasThack er and Mr. John Capper, two ministers ofthe Brownist persuasion, were hanged at St. Ed rauudsbury, for disjlbrsing books against the Common Prayer. With respect to the great part of the Catholic victims, the law was ful ly and literary executed ; after being hanged up, they were cut down alive, dismembered, ripped tfp, and their bowels burnt before their faces ; after which tliey were beheaded and quartered. The time employed in Ibis butch ery was very considerable, and in one in stance, lasted more than a half an hour. The uncandid excuse for all lbis*is, that the greater part of these men were put to death for political, not for religious crimes.— That is, a law is first passed making it high treason for a priest to exercise his function in England, and so, when ho is caught and burnt, Ibis is not religious porsecution, bnt an oflence against the State. We are, I hope all too busy to need any answer to such chil dish uncandid reasoning as this. The fatal number of those who suffered capitally in the reign of Elizabeth, is stated by Dodil, in his Church History, to be one hundred and ninety-nine; further inquires made their number to be two hundred and four; fifteen of these were condemned for denying the queen's eopremacy; one hun- < dred and twenty-six for the exercise of priest- * ly functions; and the others for being recon ciled to the Cotholic faith, or for aiding and ! assisting priests. In this list, no person is ' included who was executed for any plot, real or imaginary, except leven, who suffer ed lor the pretended plot of Rhcims ; a plot t which Dr. Milner justly observes, was so ' daring a forgery, that even Camden allows ! the sufferers to have been political victims. Resides these, mention is made in the same work of ninety Catholio priests, or laymen, who died in prison in the same reign "Adoutlbu same time," hu says, " I find' fifty gentlemen lying prisoners in York Cas- | tie; most of Hum pet islied there, of vermin, | famine, hunger, thirst dirt, damp, fever I whipping, and broken hearts, the insepara-! ble circumstance of prisons in those days.— These were every week, for a twelve-month , together, dragged by main force to hear the established service performed in the castle ' chapel." The Catholics were frequently, during the reign of Elizabeih, tortured in the most dreadful manner. In order to extort answers from father Gampion, he was laid on the rack, and his limbs stretched a little, to 6how him, as the executioner termed it, what the rack was. Ho persisted in his re fusal; then, for several days successively, , the torture was increased, and on the lust [ two occasions he was so cruelly rent and I lorn, that he expected to expire under the torment. While under the rack, he called continually upon God. In the reign of the Protestant Edward VI., Joan Knell was burnt to death, and the year after, George Parry was burnt also. In 1575, two Protestants, Peterson and Turwart, (as before staled.) were burnt to death by Elizabeth. In 1539, under the same queen, Lewes, a Protestant was burnt to death at Norwich, where Fran cis'Kett was also burnt lor religious opinions in,1589, under the same great queen, who, in 1591, hanged the Protestant Hacket lor heresy, in Cheapside, and put to death Greenwood, Barrow, and Penry, for being Broumials. Southwell, a Catholic, was raek ed ten times during the reign of this sister bloody Queen Mary. In 1592, Mrs. Ward was hanged, drawn, and quartered for assist ing a Catholio priest to escape in a box Mrs Lyne suffered the same punishment for harbouring a priest; and in 1586, Mrs. Clith" eroe, who was accused of relieving a priest, and refused to plead, was pressed to dMth> iu York Castle; a sharp alone being placed underneath her back. c. Have not Protestants persecuted both Catholics and their fellow Protestants in Ger many, Switzerland, and Geneva, Holland, Sweden, and England? Look to the atrocious punishment ol Leigbton under Laud, for writing against prelacy; first, his ear was cut off, then his nose slit, then the other ear cut off, then whipped, then whip ped again. Look to the horrible cruelties exercised by the Protestant Episcopalians on the Sootish Presbyterians in the reign of Charles H.,0( whom 8,000 are said to have perished in that persecution. Persecutions of Protests nts by Protestants, are amply de tailed by Chandler, in bis Hietory of Persecn- lion ; by Neal, in bis History of Puritans; by Laing, in his History of Scotland; by Penn. in his Life of Fox; and in Brandt's History Reformation in ihe Low Countries; which furnishes many very terrible cases of the sufferings of the Anabaptists and Re monstrants. In 1560, the Parliament of Scoiland decreed, at one and the snme lime, the establishment of Calvinism, and the punishment of dealh against the ancient reli gion : "With such indecent haste (says Robertson) did the very persons who had just escaped ecclesiastical tyranny, proceed to imitate their example." Nothing can be so absurd as to suppose, that in barbarous ages, the excesses were all committed by one religious party, and none by the other The Hugenots of France burnt churches, and hung priests wherever they found them. Froumenteau, one of their own writers, con fesses, that in the single province of Dau phiny, they killed two hundred and twenty priests, and one hundred and twelve friars. In Ihe Low Countries, wherever Vandemerk and Sonoi, lieutenants of the Prince of Or ange, carried their arms, they uniformly put to death, and in cold blood, all the priests and religious (bey could lay their hands on. The Protestant Servetus was put to death by the Protestants of Geneva, for denying the doctrine of the Trinity, as the Protestant Gen lilis was, on the same score, by those of Berne : add to these, Felix Maes, Rotman, and Barnevald. Of Servetus, Melancthon, the mildest of men, declared that he deserv ed to have his bowels pulled out, and his bodyjorn to pieces. The last fires of perse cution which were lighted in England, wore by Protestants. Bartholomew Legate, Rn Arian, was burnt by order of King James in Smilhfield, on the 18th of March, 1612; on Ihe 1 lib of April, in the same year, Edward Weightman was burnt at Litchfield, by order of Ihe Protestant ' Bishop ol Litchfield and Coventry; and this man was, 1 believe, the last person who was burnt tr. England for heresy. There was another condemned to the fire for ihe same heresy, but as pity was excited by the constancy ol these suflerers, it was thought better to allow him to linger on a misserable life in Newgale. Fuller. : who wrote in the teign of Charles 11., and was a zealous Church of England man, | speaking of the burnings in question, says. "It may appear that God was well pleased 1 with them." There are, however, grievious faults on both eider; and as there aro a set of men, who, not content with retaliating upon Prot estants, deny the persecuting spirit of the Catholios, I would ask them what they think of the following code, drawn up by the French Catholics againsts the French Protes j tants and carried into execution for one hun ) dred yeata, and as late as the year 1765, and | not repealed till 1782? " Any Protestant clergyman remaining in I France threo days, without coming to the j Catholic worship, to be punished with death. I If a Protestant sends his son to a Protestant j school-master for education, he is lo forfeit 250 livres a month, and the school-master who receives htm, 50 livres. If they sent ! their children to any seminary abroad, they , wore lo forfeit 2000 livres, and the child so ! sent, became incapable of possessing proper- | ty in France. To celebrate Protestant wor- j | ship, exposed the clcrgympn to a fine of f 2800 livres. The fine to n Protestant lor hearing it, was 1300 livres. If any Protes i tant denied the authority of the pope in j France, his goods were seized for the first j offence, and he was hanged for the second, j If any Common Prayer-book, or book of | Protestant worship be found in the posses sion ol any Protestant, he shall forfeit 20 livres for the first offence, 40 livres lor the second, and shall be imprisoned at pleasure for Ihe third. Any person bring from beyond sea, selling Protestant books of worship, to forfeit one hundred livres. Any magistrate may search Protestant houses for such arti cles. Any person, requited by a magistrate to take an oa'.lt against the Protestant relig ion, and refusing, to be committed to prison, and if he afterwards refuse again, to suffer forfeiture of goods. Any person, sending : any money over sea to the support of a Pro testant seminary, to forfeit his goods, and be imprisoned at the king's pleasure. Any per. son going over sea,-for Protestant education, to.forfeit goods and iar.ds for life. The vet>- j sel to be forfeited which conveyed any Prot estant woman or child over sea, without the king's license. Any person converting an other to the Protestant religion, to be put to ' dealh. Death to any Protestant priest to come into France ; death to the person who ! receives him; forfeiture of goods and impris onment to send money for Ihe relief of any ' Protestant clergman ; large rewardtt for dis : covering a Protestant parson. Every Prot estant shall cause his child, within one ' month after birth, to be baptised by a Callt ' olio priest, under a penally of 2000 livres Protestants were fined 4000 livres a month i for being absent from Catholic worship, were " disabled from holding offices and etnploy . megis, from keeping arms in their houses, from maintaining suits at law, from being gaardiatts, from practising in law or physic, and offices, civil or military.— j TJwy were forbidden (bravo, Louis XIV.!) ' 4iT eI moie l ' lan '' ve miles from borne wttnoul license, under pain of forfeiting all - their (pods, and they might not come to cou)JjgnJer paio of 2000 livres. A married Protestant woman when convicted of being of that persuasion was liable to forfeit Iwo- Ibirds of her jointure; she could not be ex ecutrix to her husband, nor have any part ol his goods; and during her marriage, she i might be kept in prison, unless her husband redeemed her at the rate of 200 livres a monthj or the third [art his lands, Protest- ants convicted ot being tnch, were, within three months afier their conviction, either to submit, and renounce their religion ; or, if required by four magistrates, to abjure the realm, and if they did not depart, or depart ing relumed, were lo suffer dealh. All Prot estants were required, under the most tre mendous penalties, to swear that they con sidered the pope as the head ol the chuicb. If they refused lo take this oath, which might be tendered at pleasure by any two magis trates, they could not act as sdvocates, pro curers, or notaries public. Any Protestant taking any office, civil or military, was com pelled lo abjure the Piolestant religion; to declare bis belief in the docirine of transuh s.antiation, arid to take ihe Roman Catholic sacraniont withio six months, under the pen ally of 10,000 livres. Any person professing the Protestant religion, and educated in the same, was required, in six months alter the age of sixteen, to declare the pope to be the head of the church; to declare his belief in. transubsiantiation, and that ihe invocation of saints was according lo the docirine ol the Christian religion; failing this, he cculd not hold, possess, or inherit landed rroperly; his lands were given, to the nearest Catholic re lation. Many laxes were doubled upon Proteslanls. Protestants keeping schools were imprisoned for life, ar.d all Protestants were forbidden lo corns within ten miles of Paris or Versailles. II any Protestant had a horse worth more than 100 livres, any Cath olic magistrate might take it away, and search Ihe house of the said Protestant for arms. Is not this a monstrous code of per secution ? la it any wonder, after reading such a spirit of tyranny as here exhibited, that the tendencies of the Catholic religion should be suspecled, and that the cry of no Popery should be a rallying sign to every Protestant nation in Europe? * * For give genile reader, and gentle elector, the ' trifling deception I have practised upon you. i This code is not a code made by Fiencb Catholics against French Protestants, but by English and Irish Protestants against English and Irish Catholics; I have given it to you for the most part; as it is set forth in Burns' 'Justice'ol 1780; it was acted upon in the beginning ol the late king's reign, and was notorious through the whole of Europe, as the most atrocious system of persecution ever instituted by one religions sect against another. Of this code, Mr. Burke says, that 'it is a truly barbarous system; where all the parts are an outrage on the laws of hu manity and tiie tights of natuA; it ia a sys tem of elaborate contrivance, as well fitted for the oppression, imprisonment, and degra dation of a people, and the debasement of human nature itaell, as ever proceeded from ther perverted ingenuity of man.' It is in vain to say that these cruelties were laws of political safety; such has always been Ihe plea lor all religious cruellies; by such argu ments the Catholics defended the massacre of St. Bartholomew, and the burnings of Mary. With such facts as these, the cry of perse cution will not do; it is unwise to make it because it can be so very easily, and so very justly retorted. The business is to forget and forgive, to kis6 and be Iriends, and to say nothing of what has past, which is to the cred it of neither party. There have been atro cious cruellies, and abominable acts of injus tice on both sides. It is not worth while to contend who shad the most blood, or whether (as Dr. Sturgess objects to Dr. Miller,) dealh by fire is worse than hanging or starving in prison. As far as England itself ia concerned, the balance may be better preserved. Cruelties exercis ed upon the Irish go for nothing in English reesoning: but it were not uncandid and vex atious to consider Irish persecutions as part of the cuse, I firmly believe there have two Catholics put to death for religious causes in Great Britain for one Protestant who has suf fered ; not that this proves much, because the Catholics have enjoyed the sovereign power for so lew years between this period and the Reformation, and certainly it must be allowed that they were not inactive during that period, in the great work of pious contbus l lion. It ia however, some extenuation of the Cat holic excesses, that their religion was the re ligion of the whole of Europe, when the inno vation began. They were the ancient lords arid masters of faith, before men introduced the practice of thinking for themselves in these matters. The Protestants have less ex cose, who claimed tne right of innovation, and then turned round upon other Protestants who acted upon the same principle, or up on Catholics who remained as they were, and visitej them with all the oruelties Irom which they had themselves so recently escaped. Both sides, as they acquired power, abused it, and both learnt Irom their sufferings, the great secret of toleration and forbearance. If you wish to do good in the times in which you live, contribute your efforts to perfect this grand work. I have not the most distant in tention lo interfere in local polities, bnl I ad vise you never lo give a vote to any man, vt hose only title for asking it is, that he means to continue the punishments, privations, and incapacities of any human beings, merely be cause they worship God in the wav they think best: the man who asks for your vote on such a plea, is, probably, a very weak man, who believes in bis own bad reasoning, or a very artful man, who is laughing at you for your credulity: at all events, he is a man who knowingly or unknowingly, exposes his country to the greatest dangers, and bands down to posterity ali the foolish opinions aud all the bad jtassions which prevail in those times in which he happens IG live. Such a man is so far from being that friend lo the church which he pretends to be, that he de clares its safety cannot be reconciled with the franchises of the people; lor what worse can be said of the Church of England than this, that wherever it judged necessary to give it a legal establishment, it become ne cecessary lo deprive the body ot the people, if they adhere to their old opinions, of their liberties, ot all their free customs, and to te duce them to a state of eivil servitude. SYDNEY SMITH. NUMBER 24. From the N. Y. Tribune. Hydrophobia Misnamed. BY JOHN H.GRIBCOM, M. D. Attending Physician at the Mew York Hospital. Edward Bransfield, aged 28, was brought to the Hospital about 2 P. M., on Monday the 14th of May, laboring under Hydro phobia. # # * The most distressing part of the malady is undoubtedly the difficulty and pain in swallowing, arising from sharp spasmodic action of the muscles concerned in the function, extending sometimes even to those of the neck and chest, and produ cing a leeling of alarming constriction of the organs of respiration, causing almost completo though temporary suffocation, and thus aggravating if not actually exciting the convulsions, with the more or less violent contortions and discoloration of the counte nance, protrusion of the eye balls and other. active and painful symptoms. It is a popu lar idea that all these are exeited by tho sight and even by the sound of water; and although an intense thirst almost universal ly co-exist, the friends and even the patient himself, anxious as they are to alleviate it, dread even the presence or sound of water, much more its approach to the lips, lost all these horrible symptoms should ensue. My investigations, simple as they are, throw light on these points, and it is hoped will show how relief may be extended in future in those most distressing symptoms— thirst and parched and burning throat—if the means thus pointed out are sufficiently, promptly and carefully attended to. That the mere sound of water will not ex cite the paroxysm was proved in this case by the fact that tho noise of a stream of water in a closet was continually within, reach of his ears, to which he gave no heed whatever. Observing this, I then desired to try whether its actual taste, without swal lowing, could not be safely borne; and to this end I induced tho patient to take a mouthful, but to hold in his mouth without attempting to swallow. He did so, and after retaining it sufficiently long to satisfy both him and myself, at my direction he ejected it from his mouth, expressing gratification at its cooling effect. One step further I determined to go, though not without some fear of producing a parox ysm of pain and perhaps a convulsion. I sent for some ice, and with a little persuasion placed a small pi£co in his mouth, directing him to allow it simply to trickle down his throat as it melted, avoiding as before every effort at swallowing. A piece about the size of a thimble was first tried, the cooling ef fect of which was exceedingly grateful, and he willingly accepted a second piece. It was very difficult for him to avoid degluti tion; he did succeed, however, and all the ice descended to the stomach as it melted dfop by drop, demonstrating in the most conclusive manner that water perse has no influence in the causation of the spasms and that the disease is improperly named. It is not a Hydro phobia —a dread of water; it is rather a dread of swallowing, whether of water or any other liquid or even of solid substances, as my patient said to me; and if that act can he avoided as in his case, re lief may possibly be afforded in others by ihe administration of cooling and perhaps even more decidedly pnlliative reme dies. # # # * # The vital powers became gradually ex hausted, until 9j o'clock on tho 15tli, 20 hours after admission, he breathed his last. DIGNITY OF MANUAL LABOR—Why is it, I ask, that we call manual labor low, that we associate with ihe idea of meanness, and think that an intelligent- people must scorn it ? The great reason is, that in most coun tries so few intelligent people have been en gaged in it. Once let cultivated men plough and dig, follow ihe commonest labors, and ploughing, digging and trades cease to be mean. It is the man who determines the dignity of the occupation, not the occupation which measures the dignity of man. Phy sicians and surgeons perform operation, less cleanly than fall to the lot of roost mechan ics. I have seen a distinguished chemist cov ered with dust, like a larborer. Still these men were not degraded. Their intelligence gave dignity lo their work, and so our labor ers, once educated, will give dignity to their tolls. Let me add, that I see little difference in print of dignity delween the vatioua voca tions of men. When I see a clerk spending his days in adding figures, perhaps merely copying, bra teller of a bank counting mon ey, or a merchant selling shoes and bides, i cannot see in these occupations greater re spectableness than in making leather shoes or furniture. I do not see in them greater intellectual activity than in several trades.— Channing. NATURE VERSUS ART.—At Balaklavs the ' bands of the garrison give daily concerts, and when the hour approaches the birds assent* ble in great multitudes on Ihe trees and roofs of the huts and storehouses, and listen ia profound silenee to the first pieoe performed, but the moment the next commence# they make such a deafening noise that a flute or oboe eolo can hardly be heard twenty feet off. A VALUABLE TRACT.—In the township of Darlingion, Beaver county. Pa., is a tract of about 1200 acre# underlaid by a stratum of oittnel coal fourteen feet thiok, and probably containing 20,000,000 tons. On ihe. same tract are three strata of bituminous coal con taining, it is supposed, 9,000,000 tons, I tr ebly is also abundant, and tho location is no the Little Beaver rivet.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers