Columbia Democrat and Bloomsburg general advertiser. (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1850-1866, July 29, 1865, Image 1
iijuwwuiwiiwwnimiwiinwiiii i iiiiiiMl.n.'Hiimwwiaiiii mm AND BLOOMSBUIM GENERAL ADVERTISER. tEVi L. TATE, EDITOlt. "TO HOLD AND TRIM TUB TORCH OP TRUTH AND WAVE IT O'ER TUB DARKENED EARTH." TERMS: $2 50 IN ADVANCE. VOL. 19. NO. 22. BLOOMSfSURG; COLUMBIA COUNTY, PBNN'A,, SATURDAY, JULY. 29, 1865. VOLUME 20. Or Select JJoctrn. Pray For Our Country. BV CIXMCNTlUC, Pray for our country, jiraj. That hor triaU may euon bo pad i 'J'lul tlio ilnuu of u brighter day M.iy i lc lo mir sight nt l:n t,' Tli.1t t In: troublon that thruatuii now May puM liku a cloud uwuy ; CluM nilhlhu btanilusii luuw, I'tay fur our country, itay. Bonis that nru pn clous may tliu. Iiitior.ciil lituuil bu eiplt--Leave it to Him (Mi high, Whumj Is Iho cauro, tho guilt J Turn from thu tlil.ly whirl, ticntlu Hint beautiful girl, Anil pray lor our country, pray. 'J huu from wlmmi hiin.u ami licurt Husband ami uu ha, gone, SUal from tho crowd apart, Unci I by the hearth ulunu, Cod will inonpo each llfu Lost in tho li.ittlo fray. Mourning mother and wife, Pray fur uiircuiinlry, pray, I'ray fur our country, piuy, TIducIi in thy manliood'H prima. Hire with tho lurku so gray, Hard of Hi j thrilling ryuiu, That tlio tvild that llirc.itcn now, May paas liku a cloud a,iy l'riotiila let un humbly buv, Ami pray for' our country, pray, A Trip l"rini thu "Uuituu Atguu." to Virginia. Wo havo just icturued from ii thrco week's tour to Richmond, Lynchburg and other points in thu State of Viigiuia. Thirfk.ng that a b)nup.-i.i of W.hut wo saw and hoard uloig I ho route of our trip might uut be w.tbout interest to our rea ders, wo publish the following notes from our uiciniirauduin Look : Li-ft Ha-tou o.i tho morning of the 12 1th ol J ullo ..ud l'oachul Daltiiiiuro the sauie evening Took tliu now linu of Steamers dwn tbo Day and reached Fortress Mon 100 ucxt, illuming at ti o'olouk. Wo had on board ibu bout a nutnbur of federal and tcveial hundred rebel soldiers, thu latter on their way home, having just boon dis charged from various Union ptiooun. lion. John M. Rotts, a well-known Vir ginia" gentleman foinit'd one of tbo com pany. Mr. Rjtts waa oue of the few ub lia men in Virginia wlui resisted tliu re bellion, having maintained his position a u Union man through all tho fearful scenes of thv last four oai.. llo ia good look ing, geui.il as a coiupanionfaud frauk aud candid in tlm expression of his opinions. Mr. Rjtts is s ud to a-pire to a soat iu the United Vatcs S:natc from, the old Domin- iou, as :oon as a new kgislatuo is elceti d. He wa.- formerly a whig in politics aud ha no gtf.ft 1'ivo for the abolition party "J was in hojH'"," said ho, "that when tho rebellion, which 1 have never hesitated to denounce as the most causeless and wick ed rcbelli m ever inaugurated in any oouu try, was ended an I elaveiy rbi)ished,tbat iu would bo rid of the infernal agitation, but I believe il there was a nigger iu the moon the d d abolitionists would bo af ter him. They have succeeded iu furciug upon us Southern people for support, inll lioiH of helpless black creatures who have no conception of what freedom moans ami Ho idea of wba their fate is to be iu the future God only knows what is to become ol tliom. 1 have soruo torty or fifty wenicu and children on my place- Hero is a bill of ?'J50 for gooda purchased in Baltimore ; 6170 of which I expended lor shoes and clothing for them. I am tion,llicy will regret it tho balauco of their lives. Tho pcoplo of Virginia are willing to roluru to tho Union thoy accept thu result of the war und want peace. Dut they ask the North to allow tho South to manage the negro herself and not add to her alllictioiH by interfering iu mattors on which they aro profoundly ignorant," After much more conversation of a sim ilar uaturc tho party separated to take a look at Fortross Monroe, which wo woro approaching. It is hero that Jefferson Davis is couGucd. It is a formidablo fortross, frowning with cannon of itumouso calibre. The estates alone tho James river for "Jouics"'a9 the natives term it,) wcro for merly very line, but lour years of war has made tad ravages and whero onco stood magnificent mausious, tho homes of weal thy, refined and hospitable Virginians, arc now to be seen nothing hut blackened walls and chimneys. Thcro arc many points ol interest along thu James river, which increase as wo approach Richmoud Here is the plantation of tho rebel Gonoral Pickott, whose division fought so bravely at Uettysburg. His bouso is in ruius. Hero aro tho remains of the old Jamos town Church one of tho first in tho coun try. I inn ashamed to nay it was burned by some of our soluier?. It is interesting to look at the stronghold, Fort Drowry, now dismantled and grass-grown ami the long line nt rebel iortihcations, which ex teud for thirty miles over hill and dale There tccms to bo no cud to them. No wonder Richmond could not bo taken from this dircctiou. Ileio U General Hutlor'.s observatory, which, from the Doruiuila sido of tho Jamia, rears its skel eton form high over the forests aud over looking, like some hortid gho.-t, tho deso lated country from Drcwry'h Uluff to Uity Point. Such of tho residences as weru not burned ecom do crtcd. . A melancholy interest will for all time to come, attach nsell to tbo James river. It will hecomo a histmic btream. Rnachcd Richmond about three o'clock, V M After rcgis teiiu!' my name iu u book kept for that purpi!J,at the warf,I took a stro'l through tho city. Saw the famous Lihby Prison and Castle Thundor. The Richmond of to-dny is uot the Richmond 1 saw 0 jcars ago. The best part of the city the bust ncrH portiou, is in nnlies. It is Sunday aud the streets are alivo with iioltocs of every huo mid shade. Hero is tho wench spreading bersulf in all the obeap finery and llunimcry within reach of the nogro. lore is the twinging buck enjoying bis ' freedom'' iu whito p:ints aud kid jjlovcs. The scene looks like a negro fantastic pa r.ulc or a walking comic almanac. Im inodialely opposite tho hotel at which 1 am stoppiu'' i- St. Paul1' Kph-conil Churoh id a largo anil ucautilui oumiiug. iu the Capitol is a very fiuo hfo ei original John," ond he was about to dismiss tho cook wheu tho vi.itiug oflicor detained him aud said, "Gen. I,eo allow mo Jto n.tk your servant a question." "John," eaid nc, 'sucso crocus wcro cooked with moat how is that '(' ''Yes sir," said tho cook, 'they were; whilo 1 was preparing dinner a gentleman came along who had a picco of meat, and thinking it would improve do groens, I borrowed bis meat and left it in Uo pot long oBCugh to flavor do greens." On another occasion a dozen bottles of Port wine were sent to Gon. Leo while ho was slightly unwell. He used ono bottle and distributed tlio rest among his sick troops. His self denial was very great. Thu sufferings of tho Confederate army, during the war were very great. An in tclligout Colonol said tba'i bo had for weeks subsisted on cherries and blackburrics that ho had gathered, and that ho had fre quently delt oat to his baro'ootcd men an car of raw corn per day. A man who could succeed in raising a respectable breakfast once in three days was considered a very fortunate individual. I also took a walk to tho residence, of the late President Davit. It is a very handsome mansion, now occupied by Gen, Terry. Thu upper part of Richmond is very beautiful. The houses arc largo and expensive, wtth very largo lawns around them, filled with elegant shrubbery. I went through hibby Prison and Castle Thunder. The latter is a dreary looking placo, but Libby is not half so had as 1ms been represented. It is a very large, well lighted and well ventilated building, for merly used as a tobacco factory. 1 lio people of ltichmoud look sad and dejected they aro proud in defeat. Thcro is uo intercourse butwecu the citizens and tbo federal soldiers none whatever. It is plain to sco that though Miljugated they nave no lovo lor thu North. 1 fonr the present generation never will have. Many of the oldest citizens havjs died siueo tho evacuation, broken-hearted men. One of the moat respected residonts was on the street and 'on sco:ng tho fire in one cud of the city and tho federal army entering tho other cud, he folldowu doad. The 1 otcls hero aro well kept, though at rather steep prices. Left ltichmoud ot six in the morning for Lynchburg, over tho Southsido Railroad, lywas for tho po-scasion of this road that Ucn. Grant fought so loug aud sacrificed so many thousands of men. 1 1 o finally Euccccded. The utter cxhaujtion of the South is iu nothing more apparent than in the condition of her railroads. The track of this road is worn out Tho fow pas senger cars still hero aro ragged and dir ty, without glass in the windows or cush ion? on tho scats The rolling etoch looks rn-ty, broken down and altogether unser- '!.! . AI....1 .! !Ci..i1. !..., . .if vice. iuiv;. 'i uuui uie uuuiu.,iuu uufut uw Richmond aro ten locomotives terribly retaken by the federal armies thu men re siding in the ro oapturod districts would desert and return to their homes. Gcu. Lcc hnd but 1)5,000 men in tho intrench mcnts around Richmoud and Petersburg when Grant made his final assault, Tho North will probably never believe with how small a force tbo South carried on this tcrriblo war. This officer went on to say : ''Wc entered on this oontcst deter- milieu 10 nave our imiopcuuciico or Hom ing. Wo succeeded iu getting nothing. Wo accept tho result. Wo ackuowlcdgo that wc aro u subjugated pcoplo. Wu fought until our resources were exhausted and until wo worn ovorpoworcd by ntuu bms. Wb acknowledge tho Uuited Slates to bo our country although it cannot be expected that wo can over have any lovo for the Union. We havo no attachment for tho United States government. Wc return to it bocauso wo cannot help our selves. All wo ask is to bo allowed to make an hones' living and to manage tho negro in our own way." In speakiug of tho Unoin army ho said ho thought the federal army was tho beat equipped and bot provided for army that tho world had ever produced. Ho stood for three days lookiug upon tho federal forocs as thoy passed through Richmond and il was wonderful to sco the endless procossion of wcll-drcssod and well-armed men, the substantial wagons, tho thou out tho offenders he deals outsovcru pun ishment. A very respectable gentleman of Lynchburg entered complaint of the co,ni)ilMoii of a rape on the person of his tiaui'iuor uy a negro; ah iuco iuiuus pavo occurred sinco the war is ended and uro daily being repeated, it may bo Imag ined that tho pooplo do uot loam to love tho government that sends them euch do fenders, A eiuglu soldier is now station ed at each farm house as a guard. Tho greatest evil of i.ll, howovcr, that has hc- fallon this people, is tho sudden disrup tion ol tho social relations existing between them aud their slaves. I he government declared them free. The ucgroos did not know what this meant. At fiiat thoy im agined that "freedom'' was a perpetual would be portrait of (icnea il Washington. Took a crippled. The ride from Richmond to tro t turouL'ti t ic o larmiuir uatntoi ijvnctiourir is tiresome i no worn oui grounds ; enz ,(1 0I1CC l,,or0 0D tuc statutes engine puffj along at the rate of about five of Washington, .lcffersou,Mjson,Clay and Patrick Henry aud then accepted a peat kindly tendered mo in St. Paul. This is the chureh.in which .lellcrson Davis and Geu.L o worshiped It was bore that Mr. D.ivis was Dr-t notified of the retreat of Gen. Leo, Tho General was here this morning hut did not fill his accustomed 6tat thh cvcuinc so that 1 tailed to seo this great C-iptaiu ot tlio ago. (jon.JiOO is idolized by this people. His picture is in every houe, public and private. Ihcy love him as no man was ever loved before. milc3 au hour. Wc finally reached Darks villc Junction, where we Cud about two thousand federal soldiers on their way home. About five hundred rebel soldiers iro going tho other way. Tho contrast is great. The Union soldiers loon happy and clean and Have a huo nauu oi music which is playine alivdyair. Tho rebels look ragged and sad, though many a good fucc is faeen beneath an old not auu un combed, uncut hair. '1 ho soldiers of tho two sections mingle freely with each ether aud talk ploaauily. 'J here is no dis-po sands of lino mules, the hnudsomo bar ncss, &o lie fccmcd to be greatly im pressed with the resources of tho North as evidenced by tho appearance of hor ar mies, lie said their distinguished leader, Ucn. Leo, never had but two wngons tor all his haggao aid books and that of his Hall, Uen. Loo olteu wrote Ins despatch us on a phnu pino tabic under a tree, without even n common tent to phelter him Iro in tho winds. 11 ucn Jioe bad a single lauk it wa his hum mity aud good uoss of heart. I ho conletlcrato armies never had any tegular touts. They erect' ed temporary (-bolter whenever thoy cu camped Ho contended that ii) the bo umint; ot tho war the rebel cavalry was tar cuperioa.to ours, but their horses garc out and tin v bad uonc to rcplaco them. Tho federal cavalry boonmo irro.Mtablo and tbo best branch of the Union army. The rebel artillery, on tho contrary, was ably and effieieotly mauaced. Thcro never was any scarcity ot caunon or am munition in the south and uo want of in olination ou the part of the people to stand hv the cause. Tlio farmers parted with millions of hoshcU of grain without auy rouumoratiou J bey made groat saenn ecs. Many families robbed themselves of almost evoryihing, even to the last mor sel of food to Fustaiu Hie nnny. in answer to a question wc put to tuc fame officer as to tho condition of the people of Richmond ho assured in that there was niKCb sultoring ami want in tuc citv. I'corilu who before tho war were . wealthy arc now pcnnylcss. lie knew gantlcmcn who wcie worth from three to bix huudrcd thousand dollars who are old toed to borrow money to go to ruarkul Some of these people may recover Irom thu shock, but others arc too fur advanced in life to Ij'jiiiu anew. 1 he same may b aid of tho people all through Virginia. Exhaustion is written on tiicwuoio lanu Tho eutirc population had their turplus means invested in ixovcruineut fcccumics The church is crowded with tho beauty of sition shown hy the victorious party to fortunate enough to have tho means to do this, but 1 know buudreds of my neighbors who arc destitute. I heir farms have bcon devastated aud their homes dostroyed, Thoy have uo money to f'oed aud clotho themselves. They can't feed theso negroes nud uuless tho government does it, thoy will starve. Not content wuh this the ab olitioni.-ts insist on giving the negroes tho light of bufl'rago. Thoiufernal fools know bo little of the nigger that thoy havo uo idea of iho practical working ol this now (chemo. Hero w Mr. William Allcu,who owns 10.0UO acres of land along this riv er, whoso estate wo havo bcon passing for the last three miles, and who had 1,000 iwgroes. Probably 70U of thceo aro now on his plantation. They are an uneiluco ted, ignoraut race, but a littlo abovo tho brute cioation. They havo heard of Geo. Washington and Andrew Johnson,pcrhaps they havo no doubt heard of Mr Lin coln, but they have never heard of Thomas Jefl'eraou or .lames K Polk. Now, sup pose theso pour people arc given a voto Thcro uro two eondidaios for President One parlv says to them, "boys, you must voto this ticket this is tho right ticket," Another party says to them, "dou't voto this tiekot this is the right ticket." In their perplexity thoy go to their masicr,in whom Ihov have confidence and iu whom they havo learned to look upon us the! possessor of all the wisdom in thu land mid they say to him, "Master, wo havo a vote one party conies and KayB this is tho right tiekot, another party oomcs and Hays this is thu light ticket. Now, what do you think f How shall wo voto I" Tho mauler replies, voto for Jeff. Davis, They obey him and Mr. William Allen casts feven hundred votes. 1 know an other planter iu Virgiuia who employs five thousand negroes and every ouo of them would voto as ho desired. Thn ab lilinnititx nro tho greatest fools iiuuginablo foi tiyiiif lo luico thiu thing of ucgi-o uul ftay on tin J "ib and if they ever rucoecd in vi ilafton ol vcrv n' ti u'Hm! iM- the city. The music is very fine. Dishop John leads the services. A more fash- ionablv and extravncmtly attired audi ence 1 havo never seen in any northern city. Tho pcoplo aro said to be poor very poor, but thcro is certainly no indi cation of novcrtv in this church, l am told bv niv landlord' that many ol theso ladies aro from the Noith. tho wives of Northern officers. Perhaps so, Next morning 1 took a stroll through tho Richmond market found a plenti ful supply of meats and vegetables at lowor prices than iu tho Northern mar kcts. Dccf, liO ct., now potatols. -l a bushel, blackberries, 5 conls a quart, hueklcborrioe, 0 cent, butter HO cents.&o, These pricus are said to be so low in con sequence of tho groot scarcely of money 1'm.Rinrr through lraco street, saw lue msidonco of General Leo. It is a neat, but plain lookinr house which waa tcudcrod to him bv a number of eiliswus of Rich moiul. He rofuscd to accent it, although tho war left him quite poor so poor that ho sold his favorite whito horse that had rrm-ipd him tliioui'h tho war, iu order to rnion mniinv to Riuinort his family. On his rufusal to receive tho property, a deed was made out iu the name of Mrs. Lee, rff-ord and word Ecut to hor taunt or iusult the mouthcy have conquered At Rurkmllo the railroad facalitics end for iho prcicnt. Gen. Leo cn his retreat, lore tin tho road and it has not been ro paired. W o are obliged to maico lo miles in an ambulance. Tho couutry all olong this route is one vast sceno of destruction. Lee ou his retreat and Grant and bhori dan on tho pursuit, loi't Bad traces of their iriarch behind them. Houses aro burncn down, tho fences arc all gone, tall grai-a and weeds aro growing whero once wore BiniliiiL' fields of crain. Dead horses arc scattered pioluaoly along tlio roan, uu'cn passes over farm after farm without regatd to tho rights of property or former Und- marks. Passed the nno pits anu lorun- oniinns ni Ame ia uouri uoufe, caiiers Crnolt and Annoiuattox. where Leo made his final 6tand and Bubscouout surrender Wo filially reached Farmville, a pleasant but very dirty Virginia viliatro. J no em irle hotel hero ha been well described by u ii i i rill . a correspondent oi tlio ivctoi, ino uugs marched about tho bed-chambers by plat tooni and reeimouts. Finally reached the defences ol Lynchburg and passed un molested into the eitj,tho last nix miles ou a canal boat. Wo had for a traveling companion from Richmond, a very lutollifjeut gentleman ihot dm i.mrhr r.h w.dl oecutu tho hoiuc.as who had bcou a Major in tho Confudciatc !n ease o f refusal it woulJ btand empty army. Ho was a oitizeu of Riohinond and forover. Tho family thcu moved inlo it. gave me much valuablo and interesting iu I beard that lieneral Uta proposes siuuug Confederate notes, honk stocks, railroads ind other corporations. All this is a dead lo-is. Tho people havo no good monev or at best very little, iheir sup niv ol provisions ia short, rirsi tlio ijitu federate iroyerumont utid then tho federal . .. . . i i i . .1 trugglors tuuli an tney nan, leaving mom Sunday to them and that they fed and clothed by tho government Thoir conduct was outrageous aud intol erable. Oue lady of my acquaintance told mo sho had six negro men who, ono morning, told her that they were "frco" and did not iuloud to work any moro. Sho r quested them, if that was tbo case, lo leave the plantation. This thoy refused to do, declaring that they luid a right lo stay there, that half the laud belonged to them. The o d lady pent fur a military posseo to esooitthe ohtrpcrotis darkies to jail, where it required about ouo hour to restore to them tho little sense they ever had. Some of the negro mcu think ''free dom" is a confounded humbug that they aro not as well off as thoy wore beloro' And that is tho truth. I'r'c to go whero thoy plo.nc, thoy lio around in idleness, leaving their wives and children to be sup ported by their former masters, whu can not cupiiort thcni'clvos. ud h to the great dtmeuity eoruman- cos. ,lust at tuis point we sco inc practi cal effect of the immediate abolition of sli very. Government says to tho slaves, you aro free.' Tho master replies to Sambo, ''vor.y well, I am agreed. Rut if you leave my p'.autatiou, I waut you to t ike your wilo and ton eiiiitiren awaj from here. I do not want them." Sam bo can't do this. He ha Im no homo, no and, uo money. In his diloma ho goes to tho nearest military station und says to tho Unitud States officer, ''what shall I do and whero shall I go V Tho officer re plies, "you must go back to your master and go to work. "Dit master don't want mo." Tho answer is ''your nlaBtcr must take you." Tho United States govern ment finds it has caught an olophaut iti the nogro' and don't know .what to do with him. For four years we have be-n earrviiirr on a war to muke Simbo free . ' . . .... . i aud when his master tells htm 10 go ami enjoy bia lrccdom, the government stepi in and sas, "uo, you n.u-t stay wnuie you arc. ' is this jislicc ( laKoanomer caso : A farmer laid to me, ''I had fifty negroes on my place. Eleven of tho nblo bodicd working men have gone to thoyan- kecs. Uut oi tuc tuirty-niuc r-maiuiug, seventeen are under twelve years of ag-, tho rest arc old mcu and old women, some eighty yearn of ago. Deprived of tho la boring portion ol my nanus, now am i to raise, corn and meat enough to supply my own family and feed aud elotho thirty-niuo helpless negro womitti and children ( xuo govornmcut roluses to receive lurm, auu it they icmain ou my plantation thoy will starve as suro as the sun shiues. Sjch is ihu nrosnoet before mo." 11m ti"g'0 will : In, tlm iTLat,o-,t sufferer bv this btate ot thinn-s. Durinc the summer mouths he uan lay out in tbo woods aud live on ber lica an fiuits, or hang arouud tho camps ol our soldiers und feed on hard-tack and lai pork, but when wiutor oomes he will diicover that "freedom" is' not what ho . .. TT ... II -I.-.. .v KiinnfMRil It was. 110 will tuuu iun.u m ... . , c irt (ttnrtv n.innnna wilhuiil ii iiuuuii ui meal, a peck of com or a piirtielc of meat, stealing and become a curso and a nui Thoy havo land aud uothiug else. Until sauco in every neighborhood. If those down on a farm in Cuuihorlaud county veral luriro farms, well stooked, had boon tendered to him hut ho deoliued all offers of that kind. A pro .it many little iuoideiitj nro related, illustrativo ortlu ehnraetur of thW uraat muu. During the war ho made it a rulc.ut oil timcB,to sharo the linrd shins and privations of the com- mou soldier. Tho faro of the humblest privato in the ranks was his faro. On obq occasion an ofiiocr of rauk called at his rinnrlAi-x. (immrnl T,no inv'ltCU llini tO dinner. When his faithful negro cook brought in the dinner there was no meat. Leo said to him, 'John, whero is tho Imcou!" Tho ncgio replied, "d'n. iu uot uimit day, tit." "Dul wheu we have 'ifi y yra ' i) Litlc mrai, formation. Uo attributed the luumaintu failure of their causo to tho want of men. The moooy of tho couutry hocauic bo de preciated that it was almost worthless. The imnortatiou of inanv necessary arti cits from Europe waa uot ouly very troub lesome but exceedingly oxpensivo. The 15 onfederato government frequently paid as high as go ,000 in gold to experienced blockado runners for a ninglo round trip No nation iu tho world could long btand such a hoavy drain upon its rcdouroos, Their soldiers had not boon paid off in twulvo uionths.and all this timu thoir fam ilss woro slarvhig at homo. As a necois ary ronscquoiioo tho men bcoamu dissatis liud and demoralised and the ofliecrn found it impossible to keep up auy bort of dis eiplluo An th' Coal' deiat" t'r'Hry n omtithiDf? to cat can uc raiscu on iirjir . farms, there must bo much ruffermg,- Somo of tho formerly weilthy people in the towns arc compelled to draw ratious from the Government. Fodder for horses is very scarce. The poor animals are fad jut enough to Uccptheiu alive 'J. here is 1.. - . . i I M . n UO Strong lOOU to gwe mom. ;uuuy puoi noorilo eoniea distance of forty uiilos to draw rations troui tuc goveruiucni. a ao not believe uny country on ourih has cvor been so cnuiplclely ruined as Virgiuia is at tho end ol this war. To make matters worse tho federal soldiers stationed in tho county scats of each county, behavo very badly. They scatter all over tho country in squads of fivo and six, pluudcring the farms and farm houses of the people, rob bing tho fruit trees and gardens of the on ly resource tho pcoplo havo loft to eustaiu lifo, Many outrages have boon commit ted. A fow weeks ago thrco soldiers went to ilia hou8o of a widow lady in Aiuhorrt county, who was suspected 01 having spe cie iu her houso and demanded hor gold aud silver and watches. She denied bav in 11 auy. Thov pointed thoir pistols to hor breast and threatened 10 shot her if she did not givo up her valuablo property, j Sho dolared they would have to shoot her as bhc had nono. Fiually ono of them wont 10 a bod aud with a knifo ripped open tho mattrcas and fcathcr-bod aud 1! .1 . .i.,. .....1 ......11 ,..,... lllSOOVereu IWU waieuvo uut, 1 cuiutt ju.u- tity of gold. L'veu now tho market wag ons arc daily stopped on tho outvidc of tho city on tho etrcota of Lyucbburg and robbed' of nil thoy contain. I spoilt sev eral hours in tho Provost Marshal's offico at Lyucbburg aud duriug that timo nt least a dozen citizous entered complaint that thoir farina had boon stripped and their market wagons plundered on the highway. C!en. Gregg, a Ponusylvanian, docs all ho oau lo prevent these exocsaos, but acknowledges that many of his mcu a" u ar;'lalb unJ vhwi. he can trace itinnisu who have been brawling for tho aboliliou of slavery for tho last twenty "roars could fcnoud a few weeks iu tho South and tee how thoy have benefitted tho negro, I hoy would, if thoy arc honest men. eonfoss that thay havo beon greatly mistakon. Thou-ands of negroes havo tho sense to see aud approciato their condi tion. Thoy see it is "root hog or dio' .villi them work uieircr or starve. Thi nhifls havo returned to their homes and bcL'L'od their former muslors to allow thorn to work on the bjiiiio terms as they did b'-foro. At prueeut society is in a very disoraauized condition. 1 he whole couu try is overrun with, strolling negroes and deserters 110m uotu armies wuu uppiupn ntn in their own use everv thing thoy can lay their hands on. All tho crops tliu field, fruit. Doultrv, sheep aud evon hooves disappear at night from tho plan t:ilions. Tho farmors nro disposed o adapt themselves to iho new order of things. 'I liev nrorioso to cut up their thousoud aero farms into two buudrod aero farms and iutrodueo white labor. Tho pcoplo aelrnowledno tho superiority of whito la bor aud a-.o anxious to bo relieved of tho negro altogether. When civil law again rosumca its sway in this old Common wealth, 1 tli'uk cutioy will stand a lair chance of boing legislated out of tho Stato. Tho iusoleucc, laziness and dishonest hab its of tho nogro will insure thin result. At prcseut thousands of them arc idling away their timo iu the woods, living 011 hi ick berries and tuck vegetables as they oan Rtcal, hut when wintor comes upon them limy will t-tarvo aud frcozo to death as sure as fate, I saw into colored woman and hor family of crildrcn who had actu ally taken up their obodo iu a locomotivo that had uot boon thrown from the track on the Tonncsjeo lUilroad aud permitted to lay thcro. I yucLlarg, before tho war,was a tbviv- ing aud prosperous nay a very wealthy town. It was tho largest tolriccu market of the country. It contained four or five Ranks with largo capital. Perhaps iJO per cout of this will be saved from the wreck. It ia estimated that thcro aro now dglu million thllats worth of tobacco in the Lynchburg warehouses. Rut there will bo uo more raised. The planters say it cannot bo made n profitable production with hired labor. Tho town now contains many poor, who together with some hun dreds of worthless, idle ucgrocs aro uow fed by the government. The federal offi cers aro very severe ou those negroes who refuse to work and throw themselves upon the gnrveumcEt for support. Ther is but littlo charily shown to that clasi There is a Guo opeuing at Lynchburg for a National Dank. I find that the ex Vice President of the Uuited States, Gcu. John 0. Rheckin imhok, ranked high as a commander in tho rebel army. Ho is vory much bolovod and highly spoken of, especially by those who served under him. Ho was brave as a Ltou, tearless and talented, handled an army well and ulways led his men in per son. I havo heard a number of those who were in bis command eay that when Dreck inridge led them into battle they fell con fident of succosa. LoNosTitEET was con' fidercd a slow and more cautious Gcnoral but a good fighter and a very competent I officer. Gen. tStuaut, who was killed iho last year of tho war, ia represented as brave to a fault, full of natural resources, buf very imprudent in czposing himself to the fire ol the cnooiy. Ho lost his Hie thiough his inrprudeuoo. Ho was an able cavalry officer. So was WAni: Hamton, iho fearles nud hot-headed South Oaroli ni in, who e fine form made him aa splendid-looking an officer as hq was dash ing and impeiuoui. Stonewall Jackson is said to have becu tho only officer who ev er strictly aud unfiiuohingly carried out Lee's orders. He was a strict disciplin arian and showed but little feeling for his men. He would march them forty miles a day to gniu u point and go into. battle at tho end ol the journey. It will bo re mombercd that after the battle of Frcdcr iekshurg the federal forces had possession ol tho town, although they had been bad ly beaten in the afternoon. With tho Kappahnnnook river behind them and tho rebel fortifications in front tho Union troops wore iu a critical condition. Stone wall Jacksou urged that tho rebel army should mako a night attaek and force tho Yankees into tho river. Ilia associates objected on the ground that tho uion would become nnxod up in tho uarKncss 01 tnc uight and would kill oach other instead of the enemy, "btnp them to the waist," said Jackson. His plau, however, was uot adopted and the federal troops recross cd tho river in safety. Jaokson was a vory ccecutrio man but Gen. Loo pronounc ed him the best executive officer ho had iu his army. Col. Mc-aCnv'a men were more flush in good money than any part of the rebel army. Thoy pounced upon Railroad trains aud oecasioully piouod up a Tederal Paymaster, by which mcane they kept themselves well supplied with irrecubaeks. Mosehy .previous to tho war, was a lawyer ot no great coiiiriiy,rosiumg at Culm-iiiicr. where ho has resumed tho practice ol' his profession. He has estab luhed a namo that will give mm a promt uout placo in the liislory ot this war. Geu. Joe Johnston is regarded as a very superior mau intellectually and a remark ablv fine officer. As a general nc rauus with Lee 111 tho ebtiinatiou 01 tue ooutueru people and it is now regraded aa a great error ever ti have removed him from his command in tho Southwest. Thcro is much sympathy lelt for Jei'fuksox Davis. I have yet to hear tho first person speak unkindly of him. If ho is hung or driv en from the Country, the protent genera tion of Southerners will never coaso to hato tho North, her people and her govern incut. Those Northern merchants, principally Jcw,who have brought goods to the South to dispow of, find business considerably below their outicipation. If thoy were dispose to lake tho blackberries for thoir nav. thoy might ecll goods, in unlimited quantities, but monoy, iu. the language of the country is "mighty scarce." 'Iho Bcarcity will uo doubt coutiuuo till another .1 1 ,).nmii 'P V n nrnciMit 1 i tnif Orl crops of com and wheat will hardly do more than furnish bare nccossaries of life. Kvcn the wealthy plantors of former times have to content tlicni6Civcs witn ioou uuu raiment. I heard a lady say "thcro was one consolation all wcro tioor alike Many people in and around Lynohburg refuse to take trroenbaeks in their every day buiscness transactions. Thcro is con siderable silver in circulation. I assisted a young lady to uucarlh a largo gourd filled with copper pennies which she had buried on tho opproach ol Hunter b forco in 1801. All iho silver ware in tho vioin ity of Lynchburg was and mucholitis still buried. Tho pcoplo near tiioir misior tunes wish a cheerfulness that is ob crcd. ifablc as il ia remarkable. I havo seen familicB who havo lost thousands who gave up ovurything in support of a oauso thoy believed to bo rigut an uiuir uum is, cuttle, three-fourths of their produce ull their carpets, even their piano-covers for blankets, who uow loso tn addition al their Rank and Railroad Btooks, to say nothing of thousands of dollars they had invested in Confederate bonds, and yet thoy Ecom cntiroly oliccrful. They regret tho loss of their property but moro tho lo.s of iheir cause. No people on earth woro over more devoted to u causo foui-Ut moro bravely for its wn mado grcator sacrifice.! In its defonso than' theso Virginians did iu behalf of thoir's. At what surnriscrs a straiuror id tm wnn. dorful conGdoncc thoy had in tho ultimate bucooss ot their undertaking. Thoy do nol'sccm to have entertained the moit remote idoa that thoy could possibly tail jn achieving and firmly establishing their indpondenco. 01 courso their disappiont rnont was very great when' they found nil their hopes blastod. Thoy bad not formoct a proper estimato of tho powor and tho resources of the great North. It now In comes Iho duty of the federal govormont to take theso peoplo by tho hand to troat ihcm kindly to encourage them in' tho work ot ro-oonstruction to assist them in developing their rcsouroeg and improving their condition. Let thorn sco and "feel that thoj;rcat North regard them as friends uot as enemies and much of tho hatred that has bean engendered by four years of war will dio out. Tho past must bo forgotten. Harsh means will do no good. Theso people have teen sufficiently punished for tho error of their ways. Let the policy of the administratid n be a kind ahd for giving one and the prcsont generation may yet enjoy nil tho blossings of a united country knowing no North, no Soulh.no East, no West. Business Rules for Young Men. Tho world estimates men by their iuc cess iu life, nnd, by gonoral consent, per manent success ia evidenco of superiority. Never under any circumstances, assumo a tofposibility jou can avoid, consistently with your duty to yoursalf and othora. In other words, "mind your own busi ness." Base all your aotions' upon a principle ot justice, preserve your integrity of char acter, and in doing this never reckon the cost. Remember that self intorcst ia moro likely to warp your judgmont than all other circumstances considered ; thero- r 1 - ?. i. . lore iuoiv won to your duty wnon your interest is concerned. Never attempt to mako money at tlic expenso of your reputation. Do nolthor lavish nor misery ; of tho two avoid the latter. A man ia univer sally despised, but public . favor is a step ping stono to preferment 5 thereof her genorous fcclinga should be oullivatod. Proatso but littfb, think muoh, and do moro. Lot your expenaos bo suoh as to leave a balance in yourpookct. Ready monoy ia always a friend in need. Avoid borrowing and lending. Liquor drinking, smoking cigara nnd chewing tobacco arc bad habits ; they im pair the mind and pookot, and lead to a waato of timo. Thoy tend to let ono down but nevor to lift ono up, iu tho regard of the virtioua and the good. Never relato your misfortunes toothers, and nover grieve ovor what cannot prevented. Very Bad Liquor. Tho business of the Court in ono of the frontier territories was drawing to a closo whon ono morning a rough sort of a customer was arraigned on a charge of tealing. After the clerk had read tho indictment to him, he put tho question, 'Guilty or not guilty I" 'Guilty but drunk, your honor,' ans wered tho prisoner. 'What's the pica !, aekod tho Judgo, half dozing on tho bench. 'Ho pleads guilty, but aays ho was drunk,' replied iho clerk. 'What'a the oaso! 'May it ploase your honor,' said the prosecuting attorney, Hha man is regularly indicated for stealing a largo sum of mon oy from tho Columbus Hotel.' 'He is, hoy ? and pleads' 'Ha ploada guilty, but drunk.' Tho judge was now fully aroused, 'Guil ty, but drunk this is tho nioat extraor dinary plea. Young man, you aro cer tain you woro drunk V 'Yea sir.' 'Whero did you get your liquor I' At Stcrret'a.' 'Did you get nono anywhere clso 1' 'Not a drop, sir.' 'You got drunk on his liquor, and af terwards stolo the money 1' 'Yes, sir.' 'Mr. Prosecutor,' eaid tho Judge, 'do 1110 the favor to cuter in that man's case a twite prosequi. That liquor at Storrcts is oiiough to make a man do anything dir ty 5 I got drunk on it myself, tho othor day, aud stole all Stcrret'a spoons 1 Ko looso tho prisoner, Mr. Sheriff. Adjourn tho uourt.' It is well enough to make ono shuddor to read tho printer's advertisement for a boy of "moral character,'' when it iswoll huowu that they iutond to mako a devil