ADVERTISING RATES. e. • 1 me. 3 MOP. 8 ITIOC 1 yr. One Square, 1. Ep 1.73 8.50 8.151 14311 Two Squares moo 3.50 5.50 .10.10 111.88 Throe Squares . . 0.115. /5.00 8.00 15.00 51.00 811: Squares, . , 'ANY •1100 211.0:1 31.00 Cig ° w,n iumn 1 2°ll 31.10 " 060 (110 ' 4 7fitic.,,,t4 - • ME rct oo WOO RIO) 50.0 80.1.111 130.00 Professlonat,Nle per year. Adrniniatratot'sanalpftfiNotices, elta City Notices, 50 cantata . e Ist Insortion, 13 cents per rich' eic 50b50i5t5111175514514: . ' • Ten !Ines agiAskacttital4oll7llares. WILLS IVTREDELL, TrmiasnEns. ALLENTQWN, PA. A PARABLE. ni :suss HUBBELL LOWELL SLID. Christ our Lord, "I will go and ace now the men, my brethren, believe in me." passed not again through the gate of birth, IN made himself known to the children of earth Then Bald the chief priests ' and rulers, and kings, "Behold now the Giver of all good things; Go to, let us welcome with pomprynd state, Him whole alone mighty and grCat." ith carpets of gold the ground they spread Yherever the Son of Man should tread, • A"l1 in palace chambers, lofty and rare, ThNodged him and served him withkingly fare. Grehe at u ans surged through arches dim, Tir j And in ch tut floods In praise of Him, lv and palace, and judgment hall, He saw his Nge high over all. '‘''. , - But still, whereA. his steps they led, The Lord In sorrortbent down hit head And from under the `..qavy foundation stones, The Son of Mary hear4itter groans. And In church, and PniaeNnd Judgment ball, He marked great fissures tha,T t nt the wall, And opened wider, and still m wide, And the living foundation heaveaund sighed. "nave ye founded your thrones an,lltars, then, On the bodies and souls of living men? And think ye that building shall ender, Which shelters the noble and crushes tlr, poor? "With gates of silver and bars of gold, Ye have fenced my sheep from their Father's 111 d I lave heard the dropping of their tears In heaven, these eighteen hundred years." " 0 Lord and Mueterr not ours the guilt, We built but as our futlmrs built; Behold thine ImageS how they stand, Sovereign and sole through all our laud. "Our task Is hard—with sword and flame— To hold thy earth forever the same, And with sharp crook of steel to keep Still, as thou leftest them, thy sheep." Then Christ sought out an artisan, D A low-browed, stunted, haggard man, And n motherless girl, whose fingers thin Pushed from her family want and sin. These set he In the midst of them, And as they drew back their garments' hem, For fear of defilement, " Lo, here," said he, "The Images yo have made of met" GERTRUDE'S WOOING " I really don't think that twenty ounces of brains have come into . the world for the last twenty-five years," said old Sir Guy, testily— " not twenty ounces of brain, madam," he re peated, his eye falling on his stately old house keeper as she entered the room for orders. It was a cheerful scene, that old breakfast- I room, with its dark oaken wainscoating and quaintly carved cornice, the richly-curtained windows opening on a velvety lawn, and the table with its snowy damask and massive ser vice. Even old Sir Guy Denby himself, silver. haired and feeble, his gouty foot stretched on an embroidered stool, his broad rosy counte nance contracted' into a true British frown, looked the fine old English gentleman" to perfection. " Nothing wrong with the young master, I hope, sir I" said Mrs. Conly, respectfully, as her glance rested on the open letter in Sir Guy's hand. "The young rascal is well enough," replied Sir Guy—" too well, indeed. He is getting my wor "Master Guy was always a dutiful lad, sir," replied the old housekeeper, with an air of motherly pride. - " Dutiful, madam ?" the old gentleman ex claimed, irately. " Very dutiful, indeed I Listen to this, madam," lie continued, taking up a letter indicted in a bold manly hand. " Thiis is a dutiful way to talk to his old grand father about the marriage he has set his heart on for the last five years : I cannot think, my dear grandfather, that you speak seriously in allusion to my , little cousin. • From what you have written, I should judge her to be merely a child, to whom I will pledge myself to prove a tender, loving brother, but nothing more. For the last few years I have, as you wished, visited all the leading capitals in Europe, Min gling with the noblest and most beautiful of both sexes. I have lingered delightful hours in the salons of Paris, where. woman wields an all-potent sceptre; yet I am returning home heart free. But my ideal of a wife is a lofty one. No mere prettiness or dainty accom plishments will content me. She to whom I surrender my heart must be "A perfect woman, nobly planned, To warn, to comfort, and command, a woman high.souled as well as high-born, mentally my equal, morally my superior.' I appeal to you, Mrs. Conly, as a woman .of sound sense," continued old Sir Guy, folding the letter, " did you ever hear such a tirade of high-sounding tom-foolery before ? The young people of the present generation, madam, arc mad—mad as March hares—and Guy leads the meet." " I think, sir, when Guy sees our young milk tress's sweet face he will come over to your way of thinking, for a lovelier young lady, or a kinder, wait never in the family before." " Parisian salons, indeed," muttered Sir Guy regardless of his humble friend's attempt at consolation. "I suppose the next thing we hear ho will be bringing home some flighty wife, to chatter her confounded lingo in my old ears, and dine off frogs and garlic beneath my very nose. But no Ihe shall never do that while I am'master of Denby. He shall go to Calcutta first I—to Calcutta, madam I—and lose his liver there, as many a better man has done before him. A perfect woman indeed," continued the old gentleman, growing quite purple with indignation. "Twaddle—all twaddle 1 As if my violet-eyed little Gertie were not good enough fora Prince Imperial I" "But remember, sir," mildly interrupted good Mrs. Conly, " helms not seen her sineo she was thirteen—four years ago,'sir." "What of that, madame?" said Sir Guy, sharply. " Erg shall marry her nevertheless, or not one farthing of mine shall he touch. Let him take Denby and its barren acres and do what he can with them, but not one farth ing of the few pounds I've managed to scrape together. I turned her mother out of doors, and broke her heart like the old brute that I was I—don't interrupt me, Conly : you know it is true I—and I am determined to make it up to her daughter.. Gertie, my little blossom, shall be the lady of Denby. Go now, good Conly, and seml her to me: no one else can make.my coffee properly. Tell Gertie I want her, but not a word of what I have been saying to you." And old Sir Guy quieted down a little, and proceeded with his morning letters. But Sir Guy's cautious warning was useless : Gertie had heard all, Closely veiled by the drooping vines that festooned the window, she stood, her fair head bent, her eye drooping, iter bright cheek flushed, her whole slender form trembling, in an agony of wounded pride' and delicacy. Gaily returning from an early ramble, she was just on the point of -entering the breakfast-room with a bunch of bright wood-flowers to decorate the table, when her own Arun°, coupled with her cousin's arrested her attention, and almost involuniarily—for she was as it were riveted to the spot—she had , • iota. VOL. XXIII heard it all : Guy's enrolees rejection of her hand, and her grandfather's angry threats nt his heir's obstinacy. • " What shall I do ? What shall I do I" questioned the poor little fluttering heart. It was her first intimation of her grandfather's intentions, although now she could recall many of his actions and words that seemed to point out Guy as the future master of her destiny. "Your cousin will like it," and the despised study was resumed forthwith, the difficult les son mastered. Poor little Gertie I Even the golden hair, knotted so simply at the back of her head, was arranged in., the classical style that "Guy" would admire. And now this was what it all had Meant I How this unknown cousin would despise the poor simple little girl who was thus to be forced upon him I And then the proud Denby spirit that ,Gertio had inherited from her mother rose in arms. "It shaltneeer be ! I will notstand between my cousin and his heritage. The wide cold world is better than Denby and such a fate. Gertrude Wynn may not be a perfect woman, but she is a proud one—to proud to be bought or sold for all Sir Guy's wealth." And Ger tic"s tender lip compressed itself flnnly, and her eyes glittered with a firm resolution, as she quietly entered the breakfast-room. Sir Guy looked up from his papers once or twice, and wondered what change had come over his little blossont. He though of that look again, a few days afterwards, when the pale servants announced to their dismayed master that Miss Gertio bad gone. A few lines, tear-blotted and almost illegible, told poor Sir Guy that his " little iilasom' l _had fled —fled from the fate to which she had fat-dent ally heard she was destined—fled in tears and sbrrow, but with strong determination, from Denby, forever. Five years had passed. Time had flung a thicker veil of ivy on the time-darkened walls of Denby, and given a rich loom to Mrs. Conly's matronly cheek. T y had told heavily on Sir Guy's stalwart for) , weakening and disabling the sturdy vet= ; that so long had stood the shocks of Time. be old gen tleman's voice was weaker now t days of yore, and his feet, pillowed and cushi ed, trembled beneath his attenuated form. Sir Guy, who once laughed at such complaints, was becoming nervous. Sometimes it was from anxiety about his grandson, fighting bravely at the head of his regiment among the India jungles ; sometimes he lamented his own ill-health—"an old man tottering to the grave alone ;" but, oftener than all, lie grieved for his "little blossom," who went away from him "five years ago." "If I had not taught her to fear my iron will, to believe me relentless and unyielding, she would never have left me as she did. My blossom, my poor Tittle Gertie, where is she now ?" • Where was she ? Far away where the dark blue of tropical skies sparkle with strange bril liant constellations—where fertile valleys glow with blossoms unknown in colder climes—in half-civilized India. Gertrude had found a home. Fairest among the graceful villas that bor- passing Ids Ids last dayspeacefully amid the scenes of his stirring youth. Incapacitated by age and feebleness from taking an active part in military operations, the old warrior, from his sheltered home, watched with eagerness the conflict from which he was excluded, and his experience, won on so ninny . a hard-fought field, often aided materially the deliberations of younger and more alive commanders. Ilis .hospitality had become proverbial ; his doors Were open to the stranger, the sick, but, above all, to the soldier. The gayest reunions in all the country round were held in his spacious saloons, and the fame of the General, and the beauty of the graceful niece who dispensed his hospitality, were discussed in many a camp 'and mess-room. The "General's niece" was the toast uttered with a suppressed sigh by many a youthftil son of Mars, who bad found that fair lady as cold as she was beauriful. "Upon my word, I believe that Denby is struck at last," said one of these experienced suitors, who with a select company of officers and ladies, was assembled ono evening at the General's. "La belle Ingoldsby was too much for him." " I'm sure," replied his conmaninn, gruffly, he would have been more than man if he had not been struck.' He was brought here by the General nearly dead, and she has been at tending the poor, wounded, shattered fellow as if he were her own brother. GO Is a fine; bravo soldier, and I wish him success—though I fear, when it comes to making love, he will fare• like all the rest." The couple alluded to crossed the room as the young men spoke, and to a large bay win dow that looked out upon a beautiful lawn. AlLuce were turned on the queenly Wade, her golden hair looped up carelessly with a comb of pearl, and her flowing graceful robe of India muslin clasped at the waist' with a golden band. A strange contrast to this sunny haired beauty was the pale, emaciated officer upon whose arm she leaned. His strongly built form, weakened by wounds and illness, almost tottered as ho walked, His face was haggard—his lip trembled With earnestness as be spoke, and his fair listener thought she had never heard so eloquent a pleader, They were looking out upon the starlitland scam but Colonel.Denby was describing a far different scene—an old moss-grown hall rising from a fair English hillside—a peaceful coun- . ' try-home, where life would pass in sweet re pose far from war and its wild, unholy excite ment. His listener's beautiful eyes grew dim with tears as he went on to speak of the aged grandfather, dwelling in lonely pride amid the relics of happier days—of the sorrow that had come upon them flvo years before, and of the ' desolation that had fallen upon the . old ball, and had rested on it ever since. "And now that I have told you all," he continued, "will you tell me to go back alone ? Will you con demn me to a cold, loveless, unhappy life ? Will you bid the china that rests on Denby deepen and darken, or }will you come back with me, give me back the life that without you I care not to keep; take the place in my grand father's heart my little cousin left so void, and brighten our old sorrowing home with your radiant beauty? Miss Ingoldsby—Gertrude —will you be my wife ?" For a moment she was silent. Then she replied archly, though her eyes were dim with tears— " Ha"ve they not warned you, colonel ? Have you not heard that Gertrude Ingoldsby. was cold, heartless, unloVing " She is my ideal of all that is true—all that is pure and lofty in womanhood," the colonel replied with tender reverence. " Even though she may acorn my suit, and send me • from her hopeless and heartless, her memory will remain among the loveliest, holiest records of the past: Gertrude, my faith in your own true heart is too strong to be shaken by ought on ALLENTOWN, PA., WEDNES earth, and I will not believe you would trifle with such a love as mine." "Cousin Guy t Cousin Guy I" It was the low sweet tones of years ago that fell on Col onel Denby's - astonished ear ; it was the plead ing glance of " little Gertie" that beamed upon with those tearful eyes. "My good, noble cousin, I am not worthy of you. Can you forgive me for deceiving you 1" " Gertrude cousin ! Miss Ingoldsby, what does it mean I" cried the colonel, in a perfect maze of bewilderment. " Will you forgive me ? ('an you forgive the weak, foolish girl who fled from Denby— the cousin who broke your grandfather's heart —the woman who, under a false name, won your love ?" she sobbed excitedly. "Gertrude I—my cousin !" and the grave tones calmed her inexpressibly. "I told you that my faith in you, my love for you, were immovable. Trust me as well. Tell me why you have done this. I have been blind, blind not to recognize•you before—not to remember that you were related to the Ingoldsbys. But why did you not let us know where you were during those long, weary years ?" "Cousin Guy, I was weak, foolish, desperate. I heard that you were to be forced into marry ing me"—the colonel smiled—" and I—l fear ed that I—might consent ; that—that—" here the queenly belie of the Indian coast broke down blushing end stammering. " Well ?" persued the relentless questioner, though n gentle smile played round his grave mouth. "I knew that you (lid not care for me, and I—yes, cousin Guy, I feared that I would love you—that my heart would prove traitor—that I might be persuaded—that—" "That, in short, my lordship might gra ciously condescend to win the sweetest flower on English soil—is that it? Gertrude, how little you knew me I" "But I did know you," she interrupted, hastily. "I knew you from your letters, for I heard them all, oven that last one," and she looked up archly. "That last one," ho repeated, flushing slightly ; "not the one in which—" " You rejected my hand," she replied do. murely, ' , and told us your ideal of woman , hood. Do you remember it, Cousin Guy ? A perfect woman, nobly planned—" "Hush ! hush !" laughed the colonel. "That was boyish nonsense—unparalleled egotism. Well, we are quits, are we not, Gertrude?— only you should have told me, when we met, that it wag my cousin who watched, tended, nursed me, and drew Me back from Death's door; Why did you conceal it front me, Ger tfe." "Because," and she bent her beautiful head to hide the blushes, " rwanted to meet you as a stranger, Cousin Guy. I wanted you to think of me without prejudice, without partiality, Besides, when I first lied to my .unele's—the General was In London then, you know—he wished me to take his name. There was always a sort of feud between him and grandpapa, end lie was glad to have me with him. But, oh ! cousin Guy, I have been so homesick, so heart sick ! I have longed so for a glimpse of Denby ! I have yearned so for England, for home ! My cwAluv,gilke,pcit4l,9!!!3 stra4gbumhz low sunshine ! Take me home, cousin Guy forgive me, and take me home !". 'tNever in !finny life 'ave I 'card anything like it !" said good Mrs. Cooly, dropping her " Ws" right and left in her excitement. " The colonel married I And without saying a word to any. one And without telling a body whether she be white or black,Dhristian, Jew, or heathen ! The Lord save and protect us,. that we should ever sec a wild Indian woman mistress of Denby And Miss Gertle's room to be prepared for her I—Miss Gertie's room, that never has been touched since that sweet angel left it ! And the poor old master, to see him so gentle and quiet, bidding every one have the place ready for Master Guy's wife, that, whoever she may be, he will receive her as his daughter—he that watt so spirited and hot-tempered once 1 Well, well, well, and who knows but she may have a train of wild savages for servants—the Lord bless us !" Afill poor Mrs. Cooly, in a perfect maze of excitement, went off to superintend her equally agitated assistants. Yes, Guy was coming. At last all was pre pared. The old Mall 'was radiant in its Christ mas garb of holly.and ivy—thd park and gar den in their festal garb of newly-fallen snow. The yule log sparkled cheerfully on the hospi table hearth ; old Sir Guy, in his arm-chair before the fire, listened eagerly, and Mrs. Conly's heart throbbed tumultuously beneath her state garment of satin. "It was not like Guy," remarked the old gentleman, for the fifty-first time—" Not like him, to marry without my consent ; but we'll say no more about it, Conly—we'll say no more bout it. I will receive her ns Guy's wife should be received." "I only hope you will be—The Lord bless us, sir s there's the carriage, sir I" ejaculated Mrs. Conly, making a rush toward the window. The old gentleman rose nervously. There was a sound of strange voices—a rush—a bus tle, the door flew open, and Guy, pale, sun burnt, but hardy, entered with a lady—grace ful, tearful, beautiful—a lady with masses of sunny hair and beaming azure eyes—a lady who gave one glance at the feeble, trembling old man standing by the fire, arift then flung her fair arms about his neck, laid her beautiful head upon his shoulder, and sobbed out . • "Grandfather, It is your little Gertie L For give her, and love her again !" There were moments of joy, of happiness— broken wordsiff explanation—trembling va resses from the old man to the beautiful being who clung to him. Guy, dashing the moisture from his eye, left the room,'and returned with General Ingoldsby, a stalwart old veteran, nod Gertle looked pleadingly at the two old men, who shook bands with the earnest cordiality of those who only have a little while to atone for the misunderstandings of a lifetime. And then Mrs. Conly waethought of, and was dis covered for the first and only time in her life in strong hysterics, which she diversified by going off in a dead faint, • Mrs. Colonel Denby, with a charming little matronly air, quieted the excited old lady, who expressed her opinion that evening publicly in the servant's hall that they all ought to go down on their bonded knees that night and thank the Lord, for, to her thinking, they had an angel for a mistress I And Gertrude—seat ed between her husbrnd and grandfather be neath the wreaths of holly and ivy, listening to the sweet Christmas chimes pealing from the village spire, gazing at the dear familiar landscape of snow .clad hill and vale—wonder ed, in tearffil thankfulness, If there was one ox earth so blest.—N. Y. Sunday Timm —Domestic Canlbals—Back biters. —Music in the soul—A clog dance. —Behind tlme--The back of the clock AY MORNING, JANUARY 20, 1869. OW 40WING. DEEP & SHAL The Country Le an p llahes the fol lowing Synopsis of the rt of a Committee of Observation, of which Dr. Trimble of New ark, N. J., was chairman, who visited Salem county, one of the best Jersey counties bor dering on the . Delaware, which ,was recently read before the New York Farmers' Club, and accompanies it with some very correct re marks : A principal object of the Committee was to examine the effects of shallow plowing or cul tivation, which has been practiced with great success in that region. In the course of their visit to a large number of farmers, they found but one who was in the practice of plowing ne deep assix inches; while many went down only four or five, and a few only two and a half or three inches. The visit was made af ter the wheat was harvested ; but the corn crop, during a time of severe drouth which then prevailed was reported to be very luxuri ant. Dr. Dickinson had a cornfield of thirty seven acres which was plowed in the spring only three inches deep. The corn is reported to have been of " good size," the leaves not curled or rolling, but green down to the roots and not apparently suffering from the dry weather. On examinatien nine-tenth of the roots were found within three inches of the surface, while a small pertion went down as far as one foot. On the farm 'of Allen Wal lace they found a fine example of improvedcul tivation, the entire prolucts having been tri pled since he obtainedpossession many:years ago. His corn crop* averaged for years past from sixty-two ton hundred'shelled hush els to the acre. He stited that lie suticeeds better by plowing ratlnr under than over five inches having tried lnth. On the land of Aaron Lippincott, Unicorn was stated to he of "most magnificent owns."lle said he never succeeded well with corn until his hired manAdowed a field ly four inches deep. • The Committee vise .(I the farm of Josiah Engle, who stated this on his shallow plowed ground (only three in hes) the corn remained green and flourishing luring the drouth, while on much of that whichwas plowed deeply the leaves rolled badly. SOllle years ago !fevered farmers had tried subsotang with no apparent benefit and it had since I)een given up. David Petit subsoiled twenty Ares for corn, leaving a strip a rod wide ; the corn on that rod' was the hest. On the fannof Elisha Bassett, who plows only five ineheadeep, large crops, of potatoes had been raked ; in ono case 700 bushels from two acreiL If the experiment of plowing at different depths has been fully and fairly tried, the sub soil in this district of muittry is obviously of a very peculiar character, not often found else where. No one can suppose that corn could remain unaffected in severe drought if planted on impervious stone flagging with only three or four iches.of_rielt meth. The leaves of a dense crop of Corn ten I'eet, high, as some of the preceding are reported to have been, would pump off and dissipate the moisture so fast as to be severely affected In a single day. It is obvious, therefore, beyond dispute, that this subsoil was so porious as to admit water from below in large quantities to maintain the etable growth. - Viaraft;ll74Vr `ifvtffit'o fact that subsoiling, which usually opens, the soil below and makes it like a sponge, was of no apparent benefit. This subsoil also appears to be more sterile than tie top soil—proved by the fact, that, when thrown up, it lessened the crop. But we are not informed how it could have operated in rendering the whole drier, as indicated by the rolling of the leaves on the deeper plowed portions only ; nor why sub soiling, which merdy looses, but does not throw up Up subsoil, should make the corn less than on the drip not thus treated. If there is no mistaks, there must have been some facts not understood and omitted. There is no queston that the corn crop will succeed well on wits so shallow that hey would fail to give success to some other crops. Some of our oldex readers may remember the large products oltained many years ago, by Earl Stinson of Saratoga county—who plowed only four indica deep, and yet obtain ed, in one instance, ever a hundred shelled bushels to the acre. It is a common practice for good farmers to invert sod for corn to only a moderate depth, so that the young plants may obtain at once the benefit of the decay ing vegetable mould. It may be also true that,the growth is accelerated by keeping most of the roots rather near the surface, where according to experiments with the ther mometer, the temperature of the soil is higher in summer than a foot or more below. Is not this particular point worthy of farther and careful experiment ? With regard to the general 'subject of deep and shallow cultivation, no invariable and un conditional rule can le given. We might as well ask a physician fir sonic one medicine that will Cure all disuses. If the subsoil is porous, like that whidi we suppose to exist in Salem county, N. 1., admitting moisture from below as freely Is if broken up by sub soiling, this operation would be Of course needless. If the subsoil is permanently sterile It may not be best to plow deep, but sonic subsoils, sterile at first, become ferile and en riching by a few yea& exposure to the action of the air. Has any of the Salem county soil been gradually deepened In this way ? If, on the other hand, the subsoil is hard and impervious, like t flagstone, a result part ly from its natural condition, and partly from the long continued tread of the plow-horses in the bottom of the Billows, it is of great im- - portance that this unit be broken up by the subsoil plow. It is envious that no euch sub soil as this exists In tie region described in Dr. Ttimble's report which is certainly an ex ception to the comma). rule. There is still another condition where the subsoil contains largely the elements of fertili ty. An extensive former said to us that ho would be glad to havesix inches of his top soil entirely removed—fir hefound that his wheat 'was much better where time under soil was thrown up by ditching. By deepening the plowing the crops had been largely increased. If the hardness of the subsoil renders the deep plowing difficult, the intermixture of the two is facilitated by first using the subsoil plow. All these 'and other conditions should be carefully studied before adopting extensively, or rejecting any of the different modes of man agement connected with deep or shallow tillage. . • We would like td have the experience of some of our Lehigh county farmers on this important subject. Ens. REOIBTEIL In I 2 • , —This epitaph is found In a Western church . yard : " Here lies the Mbther of Children five, • Teel; are dead and three are alive ; The two that are dead preferring rather To die with the Mother than live with the Father." Heavy, this, on the father. —The cheapest of lawyer-Heeping one's own counsel. Reported expressly fgr oc tl i x= ♦nn !Lome by Lent PRINCIPLES OF BREEDING. LECTURE BEFORE THE MASSACHUSETTS AGRI CULTURAL COLLEGE, BY CHARLES L. FLINT. GENTLEMEN : Your studies in botany have taught you that, in the' vegetable world, the growth and perpetuation of plants are gov erned by fixed law. ' This principle of fixed law runs through all nature, the animal as well as the vegetable kingdom. In the matter of farm stock, its perpetuation is controlled by certain fixed principles of breeding. There is a great difference in the breeds of our stock, and in animals of the breeds. Some fatten easily, and come to maturity early, and others do not. Some possess remarkable milk ing qualities, while others yield milk sparing. ly. Some are noted for theii butter qualities, and others arc fine workers. Now, we want to search out and find the rules which govern the transmission of the various qualities, that we'may be enabled at will to breed animals possessing the distinct characteristics we de- sire. The good old maxim that " like pro duces like" is a good one, and it is safe to follow. But there are individual eases in which it clues not always hold good. If an an imal has the power to transmit its own quali ties, it is because it possesses them of itself . that is, it is inherent in the animal. If 1 breed with two animals that arc dissimilar, the one having the strongest inherent transmitting power, or the 'strongest fixity of type, will give character to tho offspring. A ram and ewe alike will produce a lamb possessing the qualities of both parents, but they will be in tensified, and that lamb will possess more power to transmit his qualities than did his parents. But If the parents possess opposite I qualities, the case Is very different.: You arc familiar with the rules mathematics—let us ap ply them here to make this point plain. Take two animals similar in type, but one more strongly marked than the other ; let 100 re present the quality of one and 75 the other ; put these animals together, and the offspring will be represented by 100 plus 75, or 175. But let the parents be dissimilar, and the qual itieset of the one be repres ted by 100, and the other by 75, and the resul will be 100-75, or 25. This may not be stri ly and mathemat ically true in practice, but t inn fair • illustra tion of the result of such breeding. A ram long bred in a certain line possesses long-bred powers, and will he likely to transmit them, though they will be weakened in his progeny from a low-bred ewe. If he be very strong in his power of transmission, he may overcome the power of the owe, and transmit his quali ties, so that in outward appearance the off spring may appear like himself. A marked case of this kind I have had under my eye the past year. I owned a flock of very good ewes, but of no fixed breed or type. Into this flock I put a long and pure-bred I Southdown buck, from the farm of Thomas ! Buffum, Esq., of Newport, R. I.—the same 1 buck which you now have on your College' i farm. 'The result was, I obtained a lot of j beautiful lambs nearly as strongly marked with the Southdown characteristics as are the pure- I bred lambs which I see in the fields of the 6 College farm. They strongly resemble the mothers. But though they look nearly as well as your lambs, they will not compare with them in for breeding purposes. This, then, may be laid down as one of the first principles of breeding, that long-bred animals have the most power to transmit their qualities, and if ani mals possessing this power in different de- grecs are put together, the one in which this power predominates will give the charicter of ' the progeny. Mate n Galloway bull, for in- ! stance, with a native cow, and the calf will, as : a general thing, be hornless. Put a ram with out horns with ewes with horns, and most of the lambs will be without horns—that is, they take the characteristics 'of the father, rather than the dam ; and this rule holds good gen erally in breeding, though, like all other rules, it has, of course, its exceptions. Hence, if this position be correct, the first principle which the good sense of the farmer would dic tate, would be to select a bull from a breed most noted for the qualities he wishes to obtain in the greatest perfection, and especially if the cow is deficient in those qualities. A bull, for instance, of fine bone, and other good points in perfection, will make up for the deficiency of some of these points in the cow. Breed only from the best animals, not the best-look ing merely, but those possessing the. best and strongest hereditary qualities. I have heard practical men say they did not care a fig for' the blood of the animal, but wanted one that looked right to the eye. Don't be deceivedhy any such notion. Some' animals may be ex cellent of themselves, but destitute of the power to give their qualities to their descent!, ants. The Oakes cow, so celebrated • some . years ago, is an instance in point. She was one of the most remarkable cows for milk and butter of her day. Where she obtained her qualities was never known, and she never had a calf that possessed them. Blood is of .the greatest importance, and the longer the ances try the better, for the more perfect the type, and the stronger the transmitting power. It is essential to have a good male, for he trans mits his qualities to more animals than the fe male, has usually more vigor, and power to transmit. The influence of the male is snore generally to transmit the qualities of his moth er; therefore, if you Wish to breed milking steck, use a bull whose mother was a good milker: There are three general points to be sought in breeding : First, milk ; second, beef ; third, labor. Milking quantities are not confined to any race or breed, but are a chat acteristie of the species as mammalia. But high milking qualities have become fixed in certain stock, by their being. long-bred for that purpose, The wild cow has stronger powers of reproduction than when domesticat ed, and tile power to produce milk Is hered itary, but the power to give milk in large quantities and for a long time Is the result of breeding. The Texas cow gives milk ; but a heifer from one of those cows by a pure-bred bull would be destroyed when she produced young by the sudden change In her milking organizations; her system could net endure the strain, her udder would be incurably dis-. ' eased, and she would die. As good dairy qualities have been bred in the cow, great care 4hould, be taken that they do not deteriorate, for they have a constant tendency to return to their wild state. A tendency to fatten lessens the milking qualities of a breed, ns this tend ency activates the particles from the blood which should be conveyed to msnunillary glands, and deposits them in the adipose tissues of the body, so that high milking and fatten ing qualities are ely found in the same ani mal. The comple eness of the septinstion of the fatty, elementc the blood,•and their de posit as the oily globules of the ntilk, deter mine the capacity of a cow to milk andlatten at the same time: This quality is sometimes desirable, as in the London daries, where the animals are highly fed, so as to lay on fat, and when the yield of milk falls below four quarts per day, the animal is sold to the butchers, and her place supplied from the country. After the storing away of the fatty elements in the blood, it will depend on the structure and organism of the animal whether it is de posited as fat or milk. One makes more milk, and another less from the same material ; it depends upon which preponderates in the or ganism, the adipose tissues or the mammillary. Animals disposed to fatten possess the first conditions of milkers—the power to take the fatty matters from their food and deposit them In the blood. The influence of parturition is to excite the mammillary gland to activity, if the animal is healthy, and thus to form all the deposited fatty matter into milk. Some ani- mills consume the adipose tissue, so that cows milked until they become very poor are diffi cult to bring up again and fatten. For dairy purposes, it is our object to breed so as to stim ulate the mammillary gland to activity, and It wen oglect to do this for any length of time, the animals become such poor milkers as to be unprofitable for dairy stock.• So, to breed for fat is againstqmilk ; milk and meat do not gen erally go together ; yet the best milkers, when tow nu VI tXtttCS, We WU Cent 10 t 0..., For breeding for the dairy, choose cows that give large quantities of milk, for large milkers bring good calves. Thus one point is gained. For grade or native cows use thorough-bred bulls of milking-stock, and the calves will be better than their dams. But with a well-bred cow and a low-bred bull, you are going in the wrong direction, and your stock will deterior ate. To breed for beef; select large, -well formed cows, and thorough-bred bulls. Breed ing in and in is practised by many, but, in my opinion, it is safe only in narrow limits, and in skilful hands. Cross-breeding of pure ani mals of different breeds may be practised for the purpose of obtaining milk, beef, or other desired qualities in the offspring, but should never be practised to obtain animals as breed ers. The applications of these principles to breeding for the dairy and the time when heifers should aline in, are points of much discussion and diversity of opinion. I believe in having heifers cone in at two years old, or before they are three, for they will make bet ter and large milkers. The reason is, that at that early age the effect of bearing and the stimulation of the milk organism of the animal will be to give her character as a milker. I would also have heifers come in in late spring, or summer, when they are at pasture, with abundance of succulent grass, for the smile reason. So far as my observation goes, it is better to have heifers conic in at two than three years old, better in summer than winter,,pro vided she has been well fed cared for. There is this offset, however—a liability to check her growth and size. So, also, the age of the bull has an influence on the character of the stock. For dairy stock, the best age of the bull is from eighteen months to tWo years, but for work stock the bull should be at least three year old. It is very desirable, in breeding valua stock, to produce a large proportional number of heifers, but this matter of the relations of the sexes is one over which we have little; if any control. And all the rules which have been laid down to guide in this tfirection have been found to fail. I will not stop to discuss the indication - a Oriumung quannes,om sinq • to mention some of the most prominent. First, the milk-mirror, or escutcheon. Quenon, a Frenchman whose life was passed among cows and dairy cattle, and who was a careful and intelligent obserVer, discovered certain marks on the udder and its surroundings, which he called the escutcheon, and deemed an infallible sign of milking qualities. It con sists in certain perceptible spots, rising up from the udder in different directions, sizes, and forms, on which the hair grows upward, while the hair on the other parts of the body grows downward. This turning up of the hair is an indication of the structure and tissues beneath, and if the mirror is strongly marked, by placing the hand upon it, the veins and net work may be felt. The milk-mirror is one of the best signs of a good milker, but sometimes this mirror is possessed by cows iV inferior quality. In such cases, the other signs of the quality will be wanting. We should find whether the cow possesses such marks as a large udder in proportion to the size of the an imal, and soft, thin skin, with lociSe folds ex tending well Leek, capable of great extension when tilled, but shrinking to a small compass when empty ; large, well-developed milk veins, especially the large ones under the belly, which should extend well forward to the navel, and apparently lose themselves in a cayity in the flesh, into which the end of the finger can be inserted. If the cow possesses these in connection with the mirror, she may be taken as a good milker. The escutcheon Is found in young calves, and when found well developed the calf should be preserved for the dairy. There are a great number of external slim, whichludges consider indications of milk, most, of which are found to fail in individual cases ; but a good cow should always have a strong constitution, as indicated bylarge lungs, which are in a deep, broad and prominent chest, broad and well-spread ribs a respiration some what slow and regular, a good appetite, and if in milk, a strong inclination to drink, which a large secretion of milk - almost invariably stimulates. In such cows the digestive organs are active and energetic, and they make an abundance of good blood, which in turn stim ulates the activity of the nervous system, and furnishes the milky glands with the,means of abundant secretion. A bright, sparkling eye, but of peculiar placidness of expression, with no indication of wildness, but a mild, feminine look ; small, tapering, yellowish horns thin neck, tapering toward the head ; fore-quarters, small compared with the hind-quarters, and a thin, yellow, flexible skin throughout, are prety sure indications of milk. To save trouble and annoyance, farmers often wish to know at what time of the heat cows are most sure of impregnation; but there is no time Which can be fixed with cer tainty ; through from the middle to the last stage of the heat, or from six to twelve' hours after the symptoms appear, isbest. If impreg nation does not take place, It may be calcula-' ted that there will be a recurrence of symptoms in seven o fourteen, 4Flwenty-one days. To stimulate these, or Co hasten the time of its recurrence, give highly nutritious food ; lin seed-meal will he found good for that purpose. Never run a cow, cut off her, tail, dash cold water upon her, or resort to any other barbar ous practice to insure impregnation these things are all utterly absurd and cannot in the slightest degree affect the internal organs of reproduction. The greatest care should be taken in selecting the bull for a young heifer that is lo be kept for breeding purpose. The I first impregnation will give character br type to her future progeny ; and if the first male be a scrub, no after intercourse with thorough- I bred animals will ensure good calves. Men tal impressions, also, at the time of impregnq thon, have is great influence In determining the character of the offspring. Numberless In . WILLS & IRE,DELL, Vain ttnb Jinni Sob Printers) No. 47 EAST HAMILTON STREET, trranifts, ALLENTOWN, PA =! NEW DISIONS, . LATEST STYLES , Stamped Checks, Cards, Circular.. Paper Books Coast! tut ens and By-Law. School Catalogues , Bill Heads, Envelopes, Letter Heads, Bills of Lading, Way' Bills, Tars and feintedards, Posters of any also, ete„ ete„ at Short Notice. NO. 3. stances are recorded proving this fact, and we cannot bo too careful In selecti the associates of our pure-bred stock'-•' THE AMNESTY PROCLAMATION AND OTHER MATTERS PERTAINING THERETO. POST OFFIS CONFEDERIT X ROADS, December 28; 1888. The President's Amnesty Proclamashen, awakened in my buzzum the most poignant pangs. I lied bin figgerin for some days prior to Christmas ez to how I wuz to raise capital .enuff to go into the grosery biznis in Noo York, knowing, as I did, that that alone wud save me froth destitdoshen and distress, nay, more—from positive starvashon. When a Dimmoeratic politishun is played out (ez the vulgar term Is in this uv the heritage) every where else, he baterally gravitates to Noo York, ez there is more to steel, and more fa cilities for steelin it there than in any other place in the world: Ez I had determined to go to Noo York an, ez I must hey capital to go on, I lied conclud ed to go to Washinton for a brcef season, and IME:IMEI!I!M!MMMIC=I cz I hed fully determined onto this in comes this Amnesty proclamashen, and that idea wuz dished. In my wrath I cussed A. Johnson for knockin the last prop out from under me, and in my rage I wrote a most scathin letter, denouncin it to a frend uv mine who hes the ear of His Eggslency. Ills answer in some measure cooled niy rage, viz : WRITE HORSE, Washington, Dec. 27. MY VENERABLE FRIEND : Never wuz striders more unjust than them wich yoo hey piled onto our mutual friendqA. Johnson. Ef yoo don't beleeve it ask Mrs. Cobb. The fact is the pardon biznis, ez a biznis wuz played out a yeer ago. Every Constushnel Southern man which hedt e about his person to procoor a Pardo with, anAi.E,.....jriz a Whoa uv hevin that docu ent about him, prokoored it Calk_ long ago. Ef y u don't beleeve it ask Mrs. Cobb. The biznis wuz a good ono while it lasted, and then wuz when yoo snood hey struck in. It required $BOO to sekoor the ser vices uv them wich hed the ear uv His Eggs lency, and ez ther wuz thousands of Constu shod Union men which served under Lee anti horegard who wanted pardons that they mite I run fur Congriss, hey Post Offices and Bich, money come in lively. But this class wus eggsausted long since. There wuz no more uv em over with to eggstend Execootive mercy the quality uv wipli is nut strained. Jeff Davis coodent be askt for money for a pardon, nor coed any uv them wich distinguished them-. selves in the late onpleasantnis. In sooth tlgy woodent ask for pardon. They felt that the:) , had done no wrong—but on the contrary, that great wrong lied bin done them. They were willin to • magnaniously forgive the Fedrals, but shoed they ask to be forgiven ? Uv course not. .'.' We, and by we I mean them with lied the runnin uv the pardon biziness, lied every fa cility given us. So long as there wuz a dollar to be lied, we got that dollar. When we lied squeezed all the' joose there was in that par tikeleilemon, wat less coed His Eggslency do than to give away the dry peel ? Ef there wuz ............1........ 1.. 4.1... Ilemfailarary whil bed It dollar and who cared a son markee about a pardon, that Proclamashen wood never have bin ishood, pervidin A. Johnsin lied a frond wich needed that dollar. Ef yoo don't be leeve it ask Mrs. Cobb. I woodcn't come to Washington — it ain't no yoose. My eggsperience hes Lin the eggs perience uv.thousands. I went up to the lied quarters uv General Grant and intimated that I wood accept a pesishen under him, despite his going back onto the Dimocrisy. I wuz on that morning yoo see, in a forgivin mood. Wet wuz the result? Why I wuz showd the door, with the onfeelin remark that when the Government wantid me the Government wood go to any amount uv pains to find me. And I saw thousands of Ablishnists treeted the same wty. Don't come to Washinton. All uv the re , tainers uv Ills Eggslency are leavin the city ez fast ez they kin borrer money to pay their fare to Noo York. In consequence the hotels ore makin money, for while the paternagelaint 8o large, wet does come is payin paternage. The guardian angel wich stans at the door of the dining-room at Willard's is now serene. Ile hez lost that watchful, worried look which characterized him uv old. Ilii life glides smoothly along—it is not now a perpetual skirmish with hotel bummers whose stumicks must be filled, whether they hey dollars or not, which they never hey. There is less of fire in the noses uv them whets yoo see at the hotel ; and the bars uv the city are gettln more and more lonely. Don't conic to Washinton. Ef yoo don't beleeve me ask Mrs. Cobb. Fare well. Don't come. Trooly, I felt after readin this that I lied done A. J. Inputls.. I must look elsewhere for the means to get away from here. 0, why didn't Igo to 'Washington sooner ? HINTS ABOUT PRESENTS. A liquor-ease is a good thing to present to the president of a temperapce society, as he will always be sure to keep it carefully where it won't be hurt. Pen-wipers are a good article to present to literary gentleman, as they never have over a dozen or two sent them by lady admirers in the course of the year. To an old gentleman with false teeth a good toothpick is a neat and appropriate pre- sent. For very sifiall children it is well to buy freshly painted toys; the sucking of the paint will afford them other pleasures besides those designed by the manufacturer. In buying any thing for a gentleman" who smokes, always select one of the ingeniously impossible articles which aro to be found in the fancy-goods stores. Cigar-cases that are too short for any brand of cigar ; cigar-boxes with springs which no human being but the trades Man is able to work ; wonderful cigar lights that aro very difficult to Ignite, smell frightfully, and send a shower of spnrks over the clothing when you attempt to extinguish them. For your washer-woman or boot-black buy some elegant trifle of Bric-a-Brac ; it Is their affair if they haven't got a marble-mantle or what-not to put them on, and not yours. If you have any strong Calvinistic friends, a pack of playing-cards or an opera-glass will be a very lively surprise for them ; and a gift of a good heavy volume of dry sermons is appmpriate for your fashionable young friend. In buying books for children select a good, dismal story of an unnatural child who puts his spending-money in the missionary-box. The best presents for an insane man—Pre sence of mind. For a deaf man—New (Y)car's presetkt NASBY. PETROLEUM V. NAADT, P. N ~_
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers