RATES OF ADVERTISING. Four lines or less constitu e r more than four, constant Bali sq., one day --- $ )20 One sq., one tiny. —.. tvoo " one week.... 120 " one week.... 200 " one month.. 300 " one month.. 6410 " tbreemonth9 500 i t three months 10 0 0 cc six m 'laths.. 800 " six monthti.. 15 60 .: one year—....l2 00 " one year _.... 20 00 Business notices inserted in the too At. °maims, Or before marriages and deaths. TEN CENTS PER .r2su for each insertion. To merchants and others advertising by the year s liberal' terms will he offered. The number of insertions mast be designated on he advertisement. {Er Marriages and Deaths will te inserted at the same saes as regular advertisemenm. . , Buointos darbo. ROBERT SNODGRASS, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Office with Hon. David Mumma, jr., Third street, above jiarket, Harrisburg, Pa. N . B.___pitscion, Bounty and Military claims of all kinds pro:+ecut d and collected. Refer to Roos John C. Kunkel, David Mumma, Jr god R. A. Lawberton. myll-d&w6m wM. H. MILLER, R. B. FERGUSON, A ATTORNEYS AT LAW, OFFICE IN Li HO EMARER'S BUILDINGS SECOND STREET, BETWEEN WALNUT and MARKET SQUARE, ap29-d&w Nearly opposite the BitAhler House. T HOS. C. MAcDOWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MILITARY GLArst AND PATENT AGENT. Office in Burke's Rout, Third street, (Up Stairs.) Hawing formed a connection with parties In Wagh_ ington City, Arno are reliable business men, any busi ness connected With any of the Departments will meet with immediate and careful attention. mgif fit! It. 0. WEICHEL, SURGEON AND OettLlSr, RESIDANGE THIRD NEAR NORTH STRAIT. He Is now tally prepared to attend promptly to the Jades of profession in all its breaches. A LONG AND WERT BIICOESSFUL MIDICAL immatasen justices him In promising fall and ample eatisfaction to all who may favor bimwlth a mill, be tb s disease °bran'. or any other natura_ ml.B4lwif TAILORING. ar .M CO • c E The subscriber is ready at NO. 94, MARKET ST., four doors below Fourth street, to make MEN'S' AND BOY'S CLOTHING In any desired style, and with.skill and promptness. Fersons wishing , cutting done can have it done at the shortest notice. ap27-dly CHARLES F. VOLLMER, UPHOLSTERER, Chestnut street, four doors abo've Second, (OSPOBITS WASHINGTON Hoag Hougs,) 19 prepared to furnish to order, in the very beet style of workmanship. Spring and flair Mattresses, Window ar tains, Lounges, and all other articles of Furniture in his line, on abort notice and moderate terms. Having ex perience in the business, he feels warranted in asking* share of public patronage, confident of his ability to giro satisfaction. janl7-dtf SILAS WARD. NO. 11, NORTH THIRD IT., HARRISBURG. STEINWAY'S PIANOS, MELODEONS, VIOLINS, QUITAILS, Banjos, Flutes, Fifes, Drums, .Accordeonss STRINGS, SHEET AND BOON IMMO, kc., &G., PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES. ALBUMS, 1412:Pier and Mantle Mirrors, Square and OYSI Irmo very description made to order. Reguilding done. Agency for Howe's Sewing Machines. 12- 61:met Music sent by Mail. octl-1 JOHN W. GLOVER, MERCHANT TAILOR! Ras just received from New York, an assort ment of SEASONABLE GOODS, which he offers to his customers and the public at uov22) MODENA Tk..' 1' RICE.N. ara AXT HARRY WILLIA.MS, opir_siaoriter. 49.4arimma - ne, Oa WALNUT STREET, PRIL ADE LP WA. g-enoral Claims for Soldiers promptly collectel, State Ltlaima aljusted, fitc., ay. mir2o-dlm SMITH & EWING,' ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, THIRD STREET, Harrisburg, Practice in the several Courts of Dauphin county. Col lections made promptly. A. C. SMITH, J. li. XWING. T COOK, Merchant Tailor, t „I ff CITERGJT ET., between Second and Front, Hasjuit returned from the city with an assortment of CLOTHS, CASSIMERES AND VESTIN(3S, Which will be SOM at moderate prices and made up to order; and, also, an assortment of READY MADE Clothing and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods. nov2l-Iyd DENTISTRY. B. L GILDBA, D. D. S., O.ti ll 9 MARKET STREET, -tea EBY & KUNKEL'S BUILDING, UP STAIRS. jeuff-tf 'RELIGIOUS BOOK STORE, TRACT IND SUNDAY SCHOOL RE.POSn'OR • E. S. GERMAN. ILT 13013TH SECOND STREET, ABOVE SaLIONUT, MARILISBIIRCI, Depot for the lisle of Bterboscopee,StereosceplaViews, Mule pa Musical Instruments. Also, subscriptions taken for religious p-obliedione. noBo-dy JOHN G. W. MARTIN, FASHIONABLE CARD WRITER, BEAR'S HOTEL, HARRISBURG, PA. Ailmanner of VISITING, WEDDING AND BUSI NRSR CARDS exeenteA in the most &MAU° sles srel moat reasonable terms. de tyel4-dtf UNION HOTEL, Ridge Avenue, corner of Broad greet, HARRISBURG, PA. The undersigned Informs the public that he has re mently renovated and refitted his well-known " Union Hotel" on Ridge avenue, near tha e rtonnd Howie, and id prepared to accommodate eitizens; - strangers and travel ers in the best style, at moderate rates. Via table will be supplied with the best the maskets afford, and at his bar will be found superior brands of liquors and milt beverages. The very best aseommo. dations for railroaders emp'oyed at the shops in this victnity, lal4 iltf] HENRY BOSTREN. FRANKLIN 'llollBlfi l DA.LTIMOB.W, MD. this pleasant and eommokioue !lota ham besn tho .ronghlg„ re-fitted and re - furnished. It is pleasantly sitnatea on North-West Corner of Howard and Franklin streets., a few doors west of the 'northern Central Rail way Depot. leery attention paid to The comfort of hie guests. G. LEDMINRING, Proprietor, 1612-tr (Late of Banns Grove. Pa.) HEO. F. SCURF - Ili - ER ; BOOK, CARD AND JOB PRINTER , NO. 18 HARRET STREET, HARRISBURG. tar Particular attention paid to printing, ruling and bffiding of Railroad Blanks, Manifests, Insurance ties, Checks, Bill-Heads, &v.. Wedding, Visiting and Business Cards printed at vary kW prises and in the best style. jan2l MESEMS. OHICIttitING- & Co. HAVE AGAIN OBTAINED THE GOLD MEDA.Lt AT TSB MECHANICS' FAIR, BOSTON, pimp TEE PEZONDIIIO WILEN, e•VER StifY COMPETITORS! - Saleroom rcr the 011101(111BING FrANOB, at Harris burg, at 92 Market street, ossi3-tr W . HNOOHE'II WOW STORM. to half a square. Tea lines 0 a square. BOOTS AND SHOES all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and most faith. onable Styles, and at (satisfactory prices. Their stock will consist, in part, of Gentlemen's PIM Calf and Patent Leather Boots and Shoes; latest styles; Ladies' cad Misses) Oaten, and otheriShoeS in great variety; and is fact everything connected with the Shoe business. CUSTOMER WORK' win be particularly attended to, and in all cases will satisfaction be warranted. Lana trued up by one of the best makers in the country. T.he long practical experience of the undersigned, and their thorough knowledge of the business will, they trust, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they will do them justice, and furnish them an article that will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and &ger bility. [jang] JACKSON & CO. AT, MUNGER'S PATENT BEEF TEA LYL. a solid, concentrated evtrswi Tr vatrr..illLES, Convertible immediately into a nourishing and deli cious soup. Highly approved by a number of eminent Physicians. This admirable article condensed into a compact form, all the substantial and nutritive properties of a large bulk of meat and vegetables. The readiness with which it dissolves into a nch and palatable soap, !blob Would require hours of preparation according to the usual method, is an advantage in many situations of life, too obvious to need urging. Its highly nOUriehing qualities combined with its delicacy, renders it invaluable for the sick; while for those in health, it is a perfect substitute for fresh meat and vegetables. It will keep good in any elimate, . . . . . It is peculiarly well adapted FOR TRAVELEIIB,by land or sea, who can thus avoid those aecidentaldepriva tions of a comfortable meal, to which they are so liable. FOR INVALIDS, whose capricious appetite can thus patierted la a moment. FOR FPOItTSMEN and EX_CTIR3IONISTO. to whom, both its compactness and easy preparation will recom mend it. For sale by sep24-tf WM. DOGE, .TE.) & Cc. CHARVER OAK FAMILY FLOUR! &TNEXCELLEI) BY ANY IN THE U. &TATES AND SUPERIOR TO ANY Iff° .19.. INT C 3 - Sr .3EI Mt -A. 33 IT IS Wan OF CHOICE MISSOURI WHITE WHEAT. ITY" Delivered any place In the city free \of charge Terms cash on delivery , brae A . BOOK .FOR THE TIMES I American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events for the roar 1861. In 1 vnd . 8 470. over 750 pages. Cloth 03, Leather $8.50, Published by b. Appleton 4; Co., NSW York. The design Of this work is to furnish a record of all the important knowledge of the year. The events of the war, owing to their prominence, will, of course, on. capy a eon/Timone part, but all other branches—Zs'. ence, Art, Literature, the Mechanic Arts, &e. ) will re ceiVA due attention. The wort Will be publuthed ex clusively by subscription, and ready for delivery ininne nest. Also, now complete : Bento4.'s Debates of Congress, 16 voiarnes,fs and $3 00 . , pervonewee. Benton's Thirty Years in if. S. Senate, 2 volumes, $2.60 and $3 pit vci• Cyclopedia of American EZOQUENCE, containin g ths speeches of the most eminent Orators of Ame r ica, 14 steel portraits, 2 vols. $2.50 each. Parton's Life and Times of Andrew Jackson, 3 vo/um es, $2.60 each. Address J. P. STRABBAIIeIIi Harrisburg., Pa. General Agent for D. APPLETON & Co. For Circulars descriptive of Annual Cyclopedia. apri.l3-decwtf. DYOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS, PHILADELPHIA, mums" Aormig OAABOYS, DEMIJOHNS, WINK, PONTRE, MINERAL WATER, PIOICL, AND .P.RESERVE.BOTTLES 07 XVIAT DIMORIPTION ii. B. & CF. W. BBNNICIAS, oel9-dl7 17 South Proof. egret, Philadelphia PANE9E TEA.—A choice lot of this celebrated Tea jnat received_ It is of the first cargo ever imported, and is much superior to the Chi nese Teas in quality, strength and fragrance, and is also entirely free of adulteration, coloring or mixture of any kind. It is the neural leaf of the Japanese Tea Pient. For sale by WM. DOCK, jr., & Co. 3 000 B f i iii lS ff !E nt L k S ia l r- ork State Potatoes, 1. 5 400 Bushels York State Apples, A choice lot of York State Butter. Ale°, a ectocrilor lot of Catawba Grapes, and 30 baked! Bhellbarks, jtua, received and for sale low by H. W. SIDLE & CO , No. 100 Market street. - -- S.- - - . 1,7--- '" - - -7 -- - --,---- , i: - • ... i .... .._, , 1.: . .. O ' : I . VOL. 5.-NO. 238. Miscellaneous. puNsioms, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY, War Claims and Claims for Indemnity. STEWART, STEVENS, CLARK & CO., &ttorneys and Cqunsellora-at-Law, and Solicitors far all kinds of Military Claims, 450 PENNbYLVANIA AVENUE, W4sI7.7I'GTON, D. C. This firm, having a thorough knowledge of the Pen sion Business, and being familiar with the practice in all the Departments of Government, believe that they can afford greaser facilities to Pension, Bounty, and other Claimants, for the prompt and successful accom plishment of business entrusted to them, than any other firm in Washington. They desire to secure such an 11113011111 t of this business as will enable them to execute the business for each claimant eery cheaply, and on the basis of their pay contingent upon their success in each case. For this purpose they will secure the services of Law Firms in each prominent locality throughout the States where such business may be bad, furnish such with all the necessary blank forms of application and evidence, requisite printed pamphlet instructions, and circulars for distribution in their vicinity, with asso ciates names inserted, and upon the due execution of the papers and transmission of the same to them by their local associates, they will promptly perform the business here, Tr. Their charges will be ten dollars for officers end Ave dollars for privates, for each Pension or Bounty and Back Pay obtained, and ten per cent. on amount of Manua for Military Supplies or Claims for Indemnity, Irr Soldiers enlisted since the let of March, 1501, in any kind of service, Military or Naval, who are disabled by disease or wounds, are entitled to Pensions. Ail soldiers who Mrs for two years, or daring the war , should it sooner close, will be entitled to $lOO Bounty. Widows of soldiers who die or are killed, are entitled to Pensions, and the $lOO Bounty. If there be no widow, then the minor children. And if no. minor children, thee the father, mother , sisters or brothers are anti ad as above to the $lOO Bounty and Back Pay. JOSEPH B. STEWART, lIESTOR L. STEVENS, EDW &RD CLARK, OSCAR A. STEVENS, WILLIE IL 0 - AY.LOBD, WABBUeGTON, D. C., 1562. fEr Apply at our office, or to our Associate at lissaissono, Pa.—JOHN A. BIGLER, Attorney and Counsellor. Pyrrsini ria, PA.—ARTIE:IM ft RI/DMA, Atsr: &bye-at-Law. POTT6TILLN, rd,--WM. R. SMITH, Attorney an Counsellor. PHILADELPHIA, PA.-4. G. MINNICHILD, 46 Atwood street, WM. M. SMITH, Attorney and Counsellor. IFl'Aentzsotos, PA.—BOYD CRUMBINCE, Attorney and Counsellor. jy3l,dly TACK.BON & CO.'B SHOE STORE, NO. 00% MANIEBT OTANNT, HARRISBURG PA., Where they ntend to devote their entire time to the otennfacture of OFFERED IN PENNSYLVANIA! decl-dtf MACKEREL! M AC KEREL, NOB. 1, 2 and 3, in an egad packages— news and cash ?adapt warranted. Just received, asci for 0010 /Ow by VIM. DOCK, Jr., & CO, QELV SEALING FRUIT EARS ky Best and Cheapest in the markets! Call and examine *ma WM. DOOR, JR., k CO WM. DOOK, Js., k CO HARRISBURG, PAi s ASTAY, JUNE 8, 1863 pl)utograp 1) 5. DURICITART & ROBBI NS (FORMERLY BURKHART AND MUNN./ IMPROVED SKY--LIGHT PHOTOGRAPH AND AMBROTYPE GALLERY, A r crth Third Street. oppovite the "Patriot and Union , (lice, lirrrisburg, Pa. DrRIIIIART & ROBBINS have fitted up a Spiencl . . new Gallery in Mummies building, on Third streel where they are prepared to take PHOTOGRAPHS, CARTES DE VISITE AN.: AIIiaROTYPE Intl] the improved styles. Particular attention give to CARD PHOTOGRAPHS. Also on hind, a complet assortment of GILT FItAMJIS, which they will sell, very low prices Call and examine specimens. Cartes de Visite $2 50 per dozes Vignettes 2 00...d0 . Whole size Photographs in frames from from $2 to I a piece. BURKHART & :ROBBINS, Photographers my6•dl n tic?ifai. *** Olt. SWEET'S INFALLIBLE LINIMENT GREAT EXTERNAL REMEDY ! POR RHEUMATISM, GOUT, NEURALQI LUMBAGO, STIFF NECK AND JOINTS,I SPRAINS, BRUISES, CUTS Sc WOUNDS, PILES, HEADACHE, and ALL RHEU MATIC and NERVOUS DISORDERS. Dr. Stephen Sweet, of Connecticut,: The great Natural Bone Better. Dr. Stephen Sweet, of Connecticut,. Zs known al/ over the 'United ttetee. Dr. Stephen Sweet, of Conneetioute Is the author of " Dr. Sweet's Infallnle Liniment. ) ! Dr. Sweet's Infallible Llnlineit Cures RheUmatista and never falls, Dr. Sweet's Infallible Linlmeit Is a certain cure for Neuralgia. Dr. Sweet's Infallible Linimik Cures Burns and Scalds immediately. Dr. Sweet's Infallible 'Animal Is the best known remedy For Sprains and Bruise: Dr. Sweet's Infallible Linim t Cures Headache immediately and was never k to fail. Dr. Sweet's "infallible lAnimint Affords immediate relief for Pilee, and seldmulfails to care. Dr. Sweet's Infallible Lininnait Cures Toot ache in one minute. Dr. Sweet's Infallible Lininunt Cures Cuts and Wounds immediately and leavis no sear. Dr. Sweet's Infallible Linimont Ii the beat remedy for Sores in the known world. Dr. Sweet's Infallible Liniment Has been used by more than a million people, and all praise it. Dr. Sweet's Infallible Liniment Is truly a « friend in need,” and every family should haveitathand.Y s Is for sale by all Druggists. Price 25 cents. RICE , ARDSON & Co., Sole Proprietors, Norwich, et. For sale by all Dealers. ap2o cow-Og ÜBBARD BROS., IMPORTERS OF WATCHES, NEW YORK, Have the pleasure of annrunems to their numerous friends and patrons in the Army, that they are prepared to fill orders and transmit parcels BY MAIL, with the at. most care and promptitude. Watches so forwarded are registered; we take upon ourselves all risks of transpor tation, and guarantee a safe delivery. Improved Solid Sterling Silver Im• ENGLISH LEVIERS, in good running order, and warranted ac curate timepieces. This is an entire new pattern, made expressly for American Army and NaVy sale. They are manufactured in a you hanisome tnanuer, with. Englith crown mark, certifying their genuineness; all in all, they are a most desirable Watch. Frank Leslie's Bias tralcd NEWS of F eb. 21st, IC3, says :—"lloan.tan's TIME. EEEPERS axe becoming proverbial for their reliability and accurary. They are particularly valuable for offi cers in the army, and - travelers The price is SEVENTY TWO Dotnave ($72) per case of six, being about one third the coot of ordinary English Levers, while they will readily retail for a larger price. Postage ; per case, $1 81. RAILWAY TIMEKEEPERS, for Army Specu latimi.—The Army and e oey Gazette. of Philadel phia, In its February number, stiyo ;—" This importa tion of the HUBBARD EROS .0 New York. fills a long felt want, being a handeoma and serried:6le Watch at an extremely low 'figure." Superior in style and ;cn 14) &cif/edit/ the most taking novelties oat! Should retail at pricer from s2h to .0 each. GLed imitation of , 414 gold and sffeer, with fancy colored hands and beautifitt dials, with sarerior regulated movement. Sold only by the ease of six of assorted designs. Engraved and superiorelec. t ro-plated with gold, rod idlt•er..plated, per case of six, EORTY-EIGIIT DOLLARS, (US.) Ily mail, postage, $1.65 per mute. MAGI() TIME OBSERVERS, the Perfection of Mechanism I—BEING A BUNTING AND OPEN d'ACE,, or LADY'S OR GENTLRMAR'S WATCH COMBINED, WITH PA TEST SELF-WINDING IMPROTEMENT.--The New York 11- lostrated News, the leading pictorial paper of the Uni ted States. in its issue of Jan. 10th, 1863, oh page 147, voluntarily says :—"We have been shown a most pleas ing novelty, of which the IlonsAnn Bnos of New York, are the sole importers. It is called the Magic Time flbsetVer., and is a Hunting and Open Pace Watch com bined. One of the prettiest, most conveoleot. and de. cidedly the best and cheapest timepiece for general and reliable use ever offered It has within it and connec ted with its machinery, its own winding attachment, rendering a key entirely uneeccessary. The eases of this Watch are composed of two metals, the outer one being fine 10 carat gold. It has the improved ruby ac tion lever 'movement ? And is wsrranted an accurate ti me piece.7, Price, EnoeTbly engraved, per ease of half dozen, $204. Sample Watcms, in neat aim occo boxes, for those proposing to buy at wholesale $35. If seat by mail the postage is 30 cents. Retails at $lOO and upwards. . _ . 137-We have no agents or Orenlars. Buyers must deal with us direct, entering from this advertisement. 217 - M5 Cash du 4eitan.e.O. Remittances may be made in United States money, or draft payable to our order in this city. If you wish goods sent by mail, enclose the amount of the postage with your order. Write your address in full. Registered Letters only at our risk. Address 111211111A.RD RROC, IMPORTERS, East Cor. Nassau and John streets, New York. ap2a d3n) HAMS!!! I 20,000,11 m. Cortapoeed of the ing Brands j UE t received NEWBOLD'S' . —Cekbratecl. NEW JERSEY—SaIect, EVANS 41, SW.T.El',3—Superior. MICHINER'S EXCELSlOR—Canvassed EXCELSIOR—Not calivaued. IRON ClTY—Cariva.seed IRON CITY—Not cauvasscd, PLAIN HAMS—Strictly prime. ORDINARY HAMS—Very good. Eyery Iram sold will be guaranteed es represen ted. NV M. DOCK, jr., & CO. WAR I WAR I —BRADY, No. I 2 ,Market street, below Third, hatereceived a large assortment of Swoops, BASSES and BELTS, which Le Will sell wary low. ADMIS I YOU KNOW WERE YOU A can get fine Note Paper, Envelopes, 'Visiting and WedUng cards? At ISOHENBER'S BOOKSTORE. ) • • re, 3 fitrtD) tr aintn MONDAY MORNING, JUNE 8.1863. MATE/ AND DESTIFUJICTION. Tramp! rush ! crash Sod rattle! Booming thunder ! bathe! battle! North and South and West and East Carve lit Death's infernal feast? Powder! powder everywhere! Cloud of powoer in the air! Deed and dying strew the earth. bleu of ore y land and birth— rather,ntheghastlybrother,o esnfit blend. Age friend, c an b d nd l Age and beauty, youth and mind, Crushed by war and left behind ; Tramp ! rush ! crash and rattle ! Boom like thun ter ! battle! battle! Battle onward o'er the plain, DAC- backwaid might and main ; lames a,e nodding n the smoke— Cannon carriage crushed and broke— Furious steeds and fortune men Crush and wheel and crush again. lloarm-v iced captains " onward " cry pustdred soldiers do and die. Eider fallini• with bis steed, Florae and man together bleed ! ere another war horse, free, Seeks, confounded, how to file— _Plunging tyro' the mi , ging wrath, Finds from war no open path. Sol .ier, dying, prays to God, Wild steed tramps him in the sod, Nothing left but mashed remains, Last prayer scattered with the brains. lleardlesa youth with broken gun, prom the earths attempts lo run ; Veteran soldier, riding on, C -fishes down is only son— Father! !father! shouts the child, But the father, battle wild, Hears no sound but rattle ! rattle ! - Boom and thunder ! battle ! battla! Crushing, shocking, surging on, Victory is his only son. Vict'Ay! •d.ct , ry ! hear him cry, See it glitter in his eye— Sec his gray hair, by the flash That kills his fellow with a.erash— See it streaming as he flies On to victory—or to die. Thundering cannon kills his horse; Fie gets trampled in the course 07 the legion late be led— Struggles! struggles! dying !—dead ! Dead and trampled in the plain, Son aid so'dier battle slain. Thus the battle, men and mettle, Strews the plain with quivering death, Till the death—birds "caw" and settle In its ftettl, putrid breath. Thus when freemen grapple freemen, In the glow of hating hearts, Death stalks quickly like a demon, Burling ALL its fatal darts. Down beside the bloody river, And albnc the mountain streams, Dere they sleep, and sleep forever, Far from home and all its dreams.— Or they writhe in wounded sovrow, Parched with thirst and stiff with gore. Doping, waiting for U.-morrow, On the night's plutonian shore— In the fens and bogs and brushes, In the dry, hot summer field, By the trees, the roads, the rushes, Where the wound has made them yield , In the hol'ows, on the side hills— In tee churches, sheds and stables, In the dwellings, harps and grist mine, Stretched on floors, on toards and tables, Where the surgeon plies his steel Where the brothers, once fraternal, Writhe beneath the battle's heel, Or stiffen into the infernal Bond of hat- forevermore. Signed ant sealed by death eternal— Stampvd in red—and all is o'er. While all the devils in their revels, Laugh till hell is all eglee— Laugh and shout—the joyous devils— at gall Columbia! The free ! God Almighty Oh ! how long Shall this ablrtive work proceed? God of life and love how long Shall maddened freemen bleed? tile nate to quell? Tint, drunk with blood, must we go reeling, Down to ruin, death and hell? THE SO URGE OF TIM NILE Frcm the Lord- ti Times, May 221 Nearly two thousand years ago a Roman poet availed himself of a geographical fact to give effect to a mythological story. He was desori bing the COttfusion produced in the universe when the horses ran away with the chariot of the Sun, and he stated, as an incident of the panic, that the river Nile fled in dismay to the extremities of the earth and there hid its bead, "which," he adds, "remains hidden to this day." Those verses of 0 vid have been read by thousands who probably never gave much thought to the veritable information which they recorded. Yet we learn from these few words that in the days of Augustus, not only was the source of the Nilo unknown, which was not at all extraordinary, but that the fact of its being unknown was regarded as a won der, which is very extraordinary indeed.— Why, if we come to think about the matter, Should the Romans have treubled themselves about the sources of the Nile ? They were oer• tainly no such geographers as to be provoked by the obscurity of a single promblem in the science. Their impressions of the earth's stir face and of the distributien of its territories were loose and fa . nciful in the extreme. It is a natural thing for us to take an interest in such a question, because we believe that we are acquainted with the configurations of 1 4 110 globe, and are always ready to despatch an ex pedition of discovery to any point unvixited or unknown. We construct imps of the bottom of the sea, and of the fate of the moon, so that it is not surprising we should be curious about the course of the African river. But why should the Romans, who knew not much more of ge. ography than they did of electricity, concern themselves about a particular watershed in the mountains of abyesinia 2 The Nile was a great river, no doubt, and a sacred river ; but othei rivers were as great, and many rivers sacred. The sources of all of them were pro bably not unlike ; but, in no case, except that of the Nile, was this highly natural igno• retina ever made the subject of observations or explained by a special fable." To understand this anomaly we must go back to early history. The Nile was not only a great river, but it was an Egyptian river, and the land of Egypt was not as other lands. It was the country of wonders, associated by its annals and its antiquities with every form of civilization. With the country, too, the Nine was actually identified ; in fact, the river constituted all the country that was habitable. What, therefore, Egypt was to the world, the Nile waste Egypt and [tithe world also—a spe cies of natural marvel. The priests of Egypt were lerred, they knew that their great river had been tracked to its source, and they com rnunicated this information, along with the rest of their learning, to others. So everybody who had heard of anything had heard of this, and Ovid turned the story to account, and his readers accepted the illustration just as if the source of all the other rivers of the world had been so regularly ascertained that the Nile re mained a remarkable end almost miraculous exception. To complete tins story let us now add that the very people who first published the problem are now the most rejoiced at its solution. The source of the Nile, it is believed, has been as certained at last by the discoveries of Captain Speke and Captain Grant, and the interest taken by the Egyptians in the announcement is extraordinary. The viceroy considers that his reign has been rendered memorable by this success, and the whole population is in a state of excitement at the tut elligelocc• The particulars of the discovery will soon be made known to us, but it is one of the curiosi- PRICE TWO CENTS ties of this most curious subject that what has been discovered is simply what might have been presumed, or, as we may almost say, what had been predicted beforehand. As the Nile is ascended a mountainous country is reached, and in these mountains the Nile clearly origi nated. That much was known always ; and not much more, except the exact point of the stream's origin, can be known now. The story told by Herodotus is exceedingly simple and natural. Ile says that, as to the sources of the Nile, he never found any man—either Egyptian, or Libyan, or Greek—who professed to know where they lay. The stream, he states, had been tracked a long way beyond the confines of Egypt, but it was a stream still, and the country above was such a torrid desert that nobody • knew anything about it. In later times a professed geographer placed the sour ces of the Nile, as he might very safely do, in what he called the Mountains of the Moon, and it seems that the final discovery, if such we may really term it, has been made by follow ing the route traced out by Dr. Bake not long ago, as likely to lead to the desired spot. "The southernmost limit of the basin of the Nile is determined to be four degrees south of the equator." That, in the words of Sir Roderick Murchison, is the great geographical fact now ascertained, and, without entering too nicely in the intricacies of the problem, we think we may add that the discovery does but confirm what was generally presumed. A good deal of our curiosity on this subject has probably come by inheritance, It was natural that the ancient Egyptians should take an interest in the source of a stream which was nothing less than life to them. It was natural enough that the inhabitants of other countries should borrow this story from Egypt as they borrowed many more, and when a question has really been -raised and has not been answered for thousands of years, the in quiry assumes a character of importance. A problem propounded in the earliest ages of man may reasonably be deemed a great problem in the present generation, and we are entitled to take a pride in the achievement of our coun trymen which has solved the question so very long insoluble. But we do not see that anything turns upon it. We know it seems, by actual survey, that the source of the Nile cannot be south of a certain line. We have also reason to believe that tecertain great lake, three hun dred miles long and four thousand feet above the level of the sea, is the true reservoir of this mysterious river. But, when these facts are accepted, they do not, as far as we can dis cern, conduct us to any further conclusions or af fect in any practical way the knowledge which we possessed before. There is not even the question of a new route involved, as there was in the northwest passage. The Nile is proved to rise where most people thought it rose, and the estab lishment of the fact will terminate conjectures on the subject ; but the true story is very like that of Herodotue after all. The source of the Nile is so far up the Country, and the country is so impracticable, that it is barely possible for a traveler to get at it. 'There is, however, a prospect opened of ano ther kind. Dr. Beke aeeures us that the whole eastern side of the basin of the Nile is aurife rous and he considers that gold, which has peopled California and Australia, will some day attract a modern population to the "Moun tains of the Moon," Then the sources of the Nile will be mysterious no longer. " Diggings" will j l i a,Rd_of fable, and the country Englishmen have been the first - to be the common property of every adventurer. At any rate we are gradually penetrating into the secrets of African,geography. If there be anything to be found, we shall find it. It con cerns ns to leave no accessible country unex plored, for the simple reason that until it is explored we cannot tell what it may do for us. Discovery terminates speculation, even when it does nothing else, and spares us the loss of time on conjecture and interference. If the intelligence transmitted by telegraph should prove to be as decisive as is presumed, we shall have accomplished a feat which was too ar duous for Egyptian kings in the plentitude of their power. Of such an exploit we may well do proud, and it will be a source of satisfac tion as well as credit to us that we have re moved from the region of obscurity and doubt a question which had been fined in that posi-, tion for more ages than we can count. 41'7 ENGLISH OFFICER'S OPINION. Here is something in the Mrs. Trollope and Martin Chuzzlewit vein. We like to read En glish opinions of us—they are so true and stri king, so bold and original—" over the left"— that we canna help being pleased with them. Hear what an English officer, who visited our army—out West, we take it—gives, in the Cornhill Magazine, as part. of his experience among the Federal soldiers,. Tbe cut-pickets were at no great distance from the town, and beyond them the country was said to be infested by guerillas. I paid a. visit to a brigadier general, and was by him taken to see a regiment inspected. They drilled uncommonly well, and were a ,mart, active set of men, but the mode of conducting the inspec tion amused me immensely; I called on the general, a One soldier-like mat, and we mom'• ted our horses and galloped to the ground. On parade we found a Missouri regiment in equare, standing easy. 8o the general rode up to them and said, " Here's Col. come all the way from London to see you, because he beard you are such a d--d set of rascals." When the men heard this they helloed, "A speech a speech !" but the general answered, " You don't suppose you fellows are worth a speech." The drill then proceeded, and un commonly well the men moved. After abaut half an hour the regiment was ogain formed into square ; and the general coming up to me. said, "Now'e your time to give them a speech." I was, as the Americans say, "slightly stam peded" at this request, but tried to do my best, and flattered myself I had got through it rather well, At the end of it, however, the general came up to me and said consolingly, "Well, I never knew a soldier worth a d—n who could make a speech." Upon which we cantered off, the general turning round, as he was going, to say, "Mind, boys, you Ara steal no pigs this evening." " No, no, gen eral," was the reply, in full chorus. I fear there was some need of this caution, for the pigs had suffered much from this regi ment. As we rode home we met two soldiers more than slightly elevated with liquor. The general turning to admonish them, said,:"Alt, boys, you've had too much to drink." 4- Guess we have, general," was the ready answer.— Certainly the whole method of conducting the inspection was slightly different to what we are accustomed to in Europe, but I believe the general to be a good soldier, and very brave in action. There are many things Consequent on the state of things in America, and the rough organization of the volunteer force, which strikes a European officer as rather odd. I remember some months previously to, have been walking through a Federal camp late in the evening, I was stopped by a sentry, and asked for the countersign. I said I had not got it. << Well," said the PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING, SUNDAYS EXCEPTED, BY- O. BARRETT & CO TNN DAILY PATRIOT AND UNION Will be served to sub scribers r 3.41d10g in the Borough for TIN OSs TB rex WEEK, payable ti the Carrier. Mail stibileribers, F/YD DOLLARS PRE Amid 4. Tux W cPatty PATIttoT AND UNION is published atTwO DOLLARS FRB ANNUM, in variably in advinine.• Ten nopie to one al IregS,fiftent Cenne ;ted with this establishment is in extensive 708 OF VICE, containing, a„,variaty of plain and fanny type, an •gualled by e.ny estalathshmeni in the interior of the &at 1, for which the patronage of the publie ie co. sentry, "then you can't go by ; i t ' sCol. order." I accordingly halted whilst the sen try called for the corporal of the guard. By way of saying Something, I asked him, "Who is Col. S— ? " " Well, sir," said he, h e ' s the d—est fool in the whole-army, and I w as a thundering ass to enlist under him he hceps me a turn-piking of roads from morning till night, and whenever I sees Gen.-M'Clellan, I'll tell him." Having thus given his opinion of his commanding officer, he proceeded to call the corporal of the guard, but as no one an swered, he guessed he had better call the offi cer.; still no one came, so he finally guessed I had better go past, which I did accordingly. DEMOCRATIC MEETING AT CHAM BERSB URG. The following account of the late Democratic meeting at Chambersburg, on the 30th ultimo, taken from the Chambersburg Valley Spirit, was inadvertantly omitted in our Saturday's issue. The report it furnishes of the proceed ings which took place on the ocasion afore said, puts them in quite a different light before the public from that which the wanton perver sions of the Abolition local prints in that section, and. the organ of that party here, have tried to give them—it does simple justice to the sentiments there spoken, and shows how willfully they have been misrepresented by the reckless animadversions of the papers in ques tion : A large and very enthusiastic meeting of the Democratic Club was held in Franklin Hall, on Saturday evening last. The attendance was larger than on any previous occasion, and the hall was much better filled than we have seen it at any of the "League" meetings. The meeting seemed to be composed of many of the best and most reliable men in and around Chambereburg. Truly there seems to be a spirit abroad among the Democracy which looks veay encouraging for the future. Captain Samuel Bo ArKesson, and John H. Orr, Esq., acted as President and Secretary. B. F. Need, Esq , from the committee appoin ted to secure a permanent place of meeting, reported that arrangements had been made to procure the Franklin Hall on the nights of our regular meetings. H. C. Keyser, Chair man of the Committee on Constitution and By laws, reported a series of articles for the gov ernment of the club, which were unanimously adopted. Wm. Kennedy, Esq., then introduced to the audience the Hon. Wm. H. Miller, of Harris burg, who proceeded to deliver a bold and mas terly address. He appeared there to speak because he had been invited, also because it was a duty and a pleasure, but mainly because he had a right to be there and address his fel low citizens. This great inalienable right of freedom of speech, once held inviolate, was pow tampered with. it had been struck down in the case of Vallantiigham. His illegal ar rest, trial, conviction and banishment, brought the danger of the hour home to every man.— The speaker or any of his audience might be arrested at any hour of the day or night, and carried away from friends and home, and never know the cause of his arrest or be confronted with his accusers. Whatever might be his opinion of Vallandig• ham, he felt it to be his duty to denounce his persecutors in the strongest language• . .1_ --- a - ... r . ---1, ...f +L. nerailiann , n c i the country—the topic uppermosin t o te min of every good citizen—and he must conse quently criticise the administration of Mr. Lincoln. This new doctrine that " the admin istration is the government" was never heard of during the administrations of Washington, Adams, Jefferson, or the whole line of Presi dents down to Mr. Lincoln. The parties who uphold it were the same who were most bitter in their denunciations of Mr. Buchanan. They never dreamed, then, that it was " trea son" to criticise the policy of that administra tion. The doctrine was false, and he for one would not respect it. The speaker then took the position that the people had the same right to require their ser vants, the rulers, to abide by the fundamental laws of the land, as the rulers had to expect them to obey the laws. He then showed in what instances the party in power had trans gressed the plain provisions of the Constitution: He then took up Mr. Lincoln's inaugural, al luded. to the pledges he had made to the peo ple, and showed In how many eases those pled. ges had been violated. He believed Mr. Lill cola was honest when he took the solemn oath to support the Constitution, and when he made those pledges, but, as he himself admits, he was driven from his conservative position by the "pressure" of the radicals. The speaker next took up the declarations of Stevens, Bingham, Lovejoy and other leading Republi cans, and demonstrated that the policy of the party in power does not look to a restoration of the Union, and yet these men assumed to call Democrats " traitors" and "sympathizers 4 le with treason." lie would point to the ' tory of the country. The record proved tit mo cystic party to be the best and the only nion party in the country. Were they restored to power they would soon unravel the tangled woof. We regret to announce that, during a por tion of Mr. Miller's speech, several "Union Leaguers" and a dozen boys, whom they seemed to have in charge, endeavored to inter rupt the meeting by hissing. They were rather summarily dealt with, however, and left the hall on a double quick. The hissing was most effectually stopped for one evening ac least. Hon_ George W, Brewer next addressed the meeting., in a few brief but telling remarks, which brought forth round after round of ap plause from the audience. Our limited space forbids a synopsis of his speech, at present but we hope to hear from Mr. Brewer more at length, at an early day. A HARD CAS E. —We observe that the United States marshal of this district has seized, with o. vie V 7 to confiscation, the stock in the Charles ton and Boston steamship line .belonging to Hon. J. P King, of Augusta, and Messrs. Cald: well, Farrar, Taft, Ilowland and others, of Charleston. It seems to us rather hard, should a decree of confiscation be entered against this property, when the owners are shut up in the Southern Confedemy and cannot defend it. We do not doubt their being able to prove, if permitted, that they arc not disloyal. It is only lately that it. appeared in the Richmond papers that the country house of Hon. John P. King, near Augusta, Ga., was mobbed and burned on account alas adhereuee to the Union. It is hard if on neither side can .such a man find protection. We hope that proceedings in these cases will not be pressed.—Monte" Cou rier, (Rep.) THE Washington correspondent of the Springfield Republican speaking of the Vallan dighean affair thinks "there is no use fora Con gress hereafter, for our Generals violate at will the laws passed by Congress. A step further, and they will assess contributions upon the people, and then Congress will 'be relieved of the trouble of passing tax bills."
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